money from the people or for what other intention is unknown But the very next day he sends this further Direction by Endimion Porter RIght Trusty c. We have given you certain Instructions signed with Our hand to direct you how to express unto the King of Spain the feeling We have of the Dishonour put upon Us by the Emperour through Our Trust and Confidence in that King's Promises wherein you have Order to come away without further delay in case you receive not Satisfaction to your Demands in such sort as We have Commanded you to propound them Nevertheless We are to put you in remembrance of that which We have heretofore told you in case a Rupture happen between the King of Spain and Us that We would be glad to manage it at Our best advantage And therefore however you do not find the Satisfaction which We in those Instructions crave from the King of Spain and have Reason to expect yet would We not have your instantly come away upon it but advertise Us first letting Us know privately if you find such cause that there is no good to be done nor no Satisfaction as you judge intended Us though Publikely and Outwardly you give out the contrary that We may make use thereof with Our People in Parliament as We shall hold best for Our Service And this seâ— you do notwithstanding any thing in your other Instructions to the contrary Dated 4. Octob. 1622. The right Honorable John Digby Earle of Bristol Baron of Shirborne Vice Chamberlaine to his Mar. and one of the Lords of his Maiesties most Honorable privy Counsell and Embassador extraordinary to the high and Mightie Philip the fourth king of Spaine Are to be Souto by William Peake IOANNES THERCLAES Comes de Tilli While they were thus Wire-drawing time spun out Manheim the chief Strength and Fortress in the Palatinate was taken by Tilly the Emperour's General whereof Sir Horatio Vere was Commander surrendred upon honourable Conditions having neither strength of Men or means to resist an Enemy Heidelberg before it as the King expressed was taken by Assault Sir Gerard Herbert the Commander of the Castle slain after he had repulsed the Enemy from the Assault breaking six Pikes upon them with his own hand And now Tilly Winter comeing on greedy to finish his work sits down before Frankendale whereof Major Barrowes had the Command a man of as much valour and experience as Time the Director and Spirit the Actor could make a man capable of But all this and the Strength of the Town to boot could not have protected them their Wants being stronger than their Enemy if Tilly had not been drowned up in his Trenches which forced his remove And though Our King said in his last Answer to the Parliament's Petition That the Enemy would have swallowed up his Forces in the Palatinate in eight daies if my Lord Digby had not succoured it yet the weakest of the three Places which is Heidelberg was not taken in a moment for Tilly in Iune last set down before it and was constrained to raise his Siege being not strong enough and coming again with a greater Power in the end of Iuly following he was there above two moneths before he took so much as any of their Out-Works And Manheim and Frankendale are two such strong Holds that if they had been well furnished with Men and Provisions they might have stood out against Tilly nay the great Turk as well if not better than Vienna the Imperial City As soon as the King had notice of the taking of Manheim he gives Bristol intimation of it and was very well satisfied of the King of Spain's good intentions for the Relief of it though Order sent to the Infanta arrived not there till the Town was surrendred Which was the old Spanish plot of Philip the Second to get Portugal into his hand wherein he cheated the Pope himself delaying his solicitations by his Legate Cardinal Riario for Don Antonio Bastard of Portugal with specious and pleasing entertainments till he had gotten the Castle of St. Iulians the greatest strength of the Kingdom then besieged by him into his power And yet our King looked upon this Apparition as Real and thanked the King of Spain for the good he never intended And now the Articles of Marriage that had been long hatching flew up and down from hand to hand The French Historians mention them so doth Mr. Pryn in his hidden Works of darkness as they were found among the Lord Cottington's Papers These came to me from the Nest and I have kept them till this time and comparing them with other Copies there is scarce a feather amiss Nor should they have pestered this paper but to shew what great pains was taken to little purpose what Huge pretences shouldred in to make way for the Spanish Designs which at last dwindled to nothing The Articles are these 1. THat the Marriage be made by Dispensation of the Pope but that to be procured by the endeavour of the King of Spain 2. That the Marriage be once celebrated in Spain and Ratified in England in form following In the morning after the most gracious Infanta hath ended her Devotions in the Chappel She and the most excellent Prince Charles shall meet in the King's Chappel or in some other Room of the Palace where it shall seem most expedient and there shall be read all the Procurations by Virtue whereof the Marriage was celebrated in Spain And as well the most excellent Prince as the most excellent Infanta shall ratifie the said Marriage celebrated in Spain with all Solemnity necessary to such an Act so as no Ceremony or other thing intervene which shall be contrary to the Roman-Catholik-Apostolik-Religion 3. That the Gracious Infanta shall take with Her such Servants and Family as are convenient for her service which Family and all Persons to her belonging shall be chosen and nominated by the Catholik King so as he nominate no Servant which is Vassail to the King of Great Britain without his will and consent 4. That as well the most gracious Lady Infanta as all her Servants and Family shall have free use and publique exercise of the Roman Catholike Religion in manner and form as is beneath Capitulated 5. That she shall have an Oratory and decent Chappel in her Palace where at the pleasure of the most Gracious Infanta Masses may be celebrated which Oratory or Chappel shall be adorned with such decencie as shall seem convenient for the most gracious Infanta with a publike Church in London c. 6. That the Men-servants and Maid-servants of the most Gracious Infanta and their Servants Children and Descendents and all their Families of what sort soever serving her Highness may be freely Catholiks 7. That the most gracious Infanta her Servants and Family may be freely Catholiks in form following 8. That the most gracious Infanta may have in her Palace her Oratory and Chappel
the violence of foul weather split in pieces Mansfeldt and some of his followers with difficulty escaping in her long Boat got aboard a Pink that brought him into England the Captain and the rest of the company attending the Ships fate were swallowed up in the Sea While Mansfeldt remained in England after some few nights he was lodged at Saint Iames's the Prince's house served and attended in great State by some of the King's Officers and feasted by divers of the Nobility with much magnificence In which time a Press went through the Kingdom for raising twelve thousand foot which with some Cavalry that Mansfeldt expected in Germany and France would make up the Body of a considerable Mansfeldt's design was to go into Germany through France and he had fair Promises from thence not only of admission to pass through the Country but assistance from it These 12000 were digested into Six Regiments The Collonels were the Earl of Lincoln The Lord Doncaster eldest Son to the Earl of Carlile The Lord Cromwel Sir Charles Rich Sir Iohn Burrows late Governour of Frankendale and Collonel Grey a Scotchman that had been an old German Commander one that affected Buff in the time of Peace and wore it in the face of the Court which the King seeing him in and a case of Pistols at his girdle which he never well liked of he told him merrily He was now so fortified that if he were but well victualled he would be impregnable Two Troops of Horse were also raised for this service the Earl of Lincoln had the command of the one and one Gunter an ordinary Horse-Rider was thought the fittest man to command the other as if none could command Horse but such as could make them curvet in a Riding-House And the Ignorance of these times shews that unpractical Reason cannot put forth itself to the height being bound up for want of Exercise for we set a Valuation and esteem upon German and French Horse when like them we knew not our own strength for there are not in the World a more gallant Cavalry both for the Activity of the Riders and Ability of the Horses than may be formed in England as experience hath lately demonstrated These being already in Kent for Transport about the beginning of February and Shipping provided the French began to falter in their Promises notwithstanding Our intimate Correspondence by the Treaty of Marriage agreed on pleading many inconveniencies in the passing of an Army through the Country and the more because Our Men were so unruly in Kent where some of them were tryed by Marshal-Law what would they be then in a strange Country These being but demurs not denials the whole Army is Shipped and put over to Callais to wait the French leisure but the charge of Shipping being above a hundred Sail that attended that service required more speed than their faint and sickly Promises did expedite for the French dallying with them and delaying them happily upon Design the Queen of France being then more affected to the Spanish and a less enemy to her blood and kindred than they have found her since after a long stay Mansfeldt was forced to leave the hopes of his French Horse and sail with his Army into Zealand There the Soldiers lay at the Ramkins a long time in their Ships not suffered to land for the States not dreaming of such a Body of men could not determine suddenly what to do with them besides the Inland waters being frozen Provisions would grow short for their own Army much more for them After some stay in Zealand they sailed up to Guertenberg in Brabant which Town being not well provided with Victuals they were not suffered to land but continuing on Shipboard the Ships stuffed and pestred with men wanting Meat and all manner of Necessaries such a Stench and Pestilence grew among them that they were thrown into the Sea by multitudes so that many hundreds if I may not say thousands beaten upon Shores had their bowels eaten out with Dogs and Swine to the Horror of the Beholders Those bodies that drive up near those Towns where the English were had great pits made for them wherein being thrown by heaps they were cover'd with earth but upon those shores where they were neglected as they were in many parts of Holland a great Contagion followed And of Mansfeldt's twelve thousand men scarce the moity landed This Winter Quarter at Rosendale was also fatal to the Earl of Southampton and the Lord Wriothsley his Son Being both sick there together of burning Feavers the violence of which distemper wrought most vigorously upon the heat of youth overcoming the Son first and the drooping Father having overcome the feaver departed from Rosendale with an intention to bring his Son's body into England but at Berghen ap Zome he dyed of a Lethargy in the view and presence of the Relator and were both in one small bark brought to Southampton PRAENOBIL Dê° HENRIC VRIOTHESLEY COMI SOUTHAMPTON BAR TITCHFEILDIAE ETC. Right Honourable and most noble HENRY Wriothsley Earle of Southampton Baron of Titchfeild Knight of the most nob Ord of the Garter The Marquess Hamilton died before Our King suspected to be poisoned the Symptoms being very presumptuous his head and body swelling to an excessive greatness the body being all over full of great blisters with variety of Colours the hair of his Head Eye-brows and Beard came off being touched and brought the Skin with them and there was a great Clamor of it about the Court so that Doctors were sent to view the Body but the matter was hudled up and little spoken of it only Doctor Eglisham a Scotch-man was something bitter against the Duke as if he had been the Author of it The Marquesses Son had a little before married the Earl of Denbigh's Daughter who was the Duke of Buckingham's Neece and yet this Tie could not oblige a friendship betwixt them because thee Marquess was averse to the Marriage This Distance and other Discontents occasioned some tumorous Discourses which reflected much upon the Duke but they never broke out in this King's time being bound up close as it was thought more by the Duke's Power than his Innocency And not long after him whether our King's care for his Grand-children or the hazard and danger of his own Person at home being ever full of fears or his ingagement in a War abroad being contrary to his very Nature or whether his full feeding and continual use of sweet Wines which he abundantly affected set the gross Humors a work or what other Accident caused his Distemper is uncertain but he fell sick of a Tertian Ague which is not dangerous in the Spring if we believe the Proverb and had some few fits of it After which he fell into a Feaver which was too violent for him A little before his Death he called for the Prince his Son who rising out of his bed something before day and
was fit to be opened and aired before She saw it which reason meeting with her disaffection to ill Scents hindred her smelling out his underhand Contrivances But now he may do it openly for he was the first that publickly read and proclaimed the late Queens Will Posts are sent in hast yet in so calm and quiet a manner as if the loss of so pretious a Mistriss had stupified the people And now the Great-ones strive who shall be most Obsequious and Court their Happy Hopes That Party that had been Opposite to the late Earl of Essex whose death as some thought shortned the Queens life strove to ingratiate themselves by suppressing them that had any Relation to him assuring the King that always counted him his Martyr that he aimed at the Crown himself and Princes apt to be jealous soon take such impressions And now I have stirr'd the Ashes of great Essex I must revive his memory with this short Character for Reports flying upon the Airy wing of the Times have variously exalted or depressed him as the Serene for him or the cloudy fancy against him waved up and down He had a Gallant and Noble Spirit full of Vrbanity and innate Courtesie which too much took the Popular Eye and being a great ingrosser of Fame it procured him many Enemies which made his Spirit boil into passion and that was more suitable to his Enemies Designs than his own for they lighted their candle by his fire and this heat being blown by some fiery Spirits about him gave to the goodness of his Nature a tincture of Revenge which his Enemies made reflect upon the Queen so 1 1 2 OVID RETRIBVAM DOMINO PRO OMNIBVS QVAE TRIBVIT MIHI 3 Jacobus 〈◊〉 Mag Brit Fra Hib Rex 3 IACOBVS DEI GRATIA MAGNAE BRITANNIAE FRANCIAE ET HYBERNIAE REX HONI SOIT QVI MAL Y PENSE BEATI PACIFICI 4 ✚ IACOBVS DG MAG BRITA FR ET HI REX 5 MAG BRIT FRA ET HI VX ELIZABETHA FILIAR◠5 NOBILIS SPE FIDE VERITATE FRAN-PERRY DEL-ET SCVLP that the Coal he strove to bring to burn his Enemies Nests kindled his own Funeral Pile But our King coming through the North Banquetting and Feasting by the way the applause of the people in so obsequious and submissive a manner still admiring Change was checkt by an honest plain Scotsman unused to hear such humble Acclamations with a Prophetical expression This people will spoil a gud King The King as unused so tired with Multitudes especially in his Hunting which he did as he went caused an inhibition to be published to restrain the people from hunting him Happily being fearful of so great a Concourse as this Novelty produced the old Hatred betwixt the Borderers not yet forgotten might make him apprehend it to be of a greater extent though it was generally imputed to a desire of enjoying his Recreations without interruption At Theobalds Secretary Cecil's House the Lord Chancellor Egerton the Lord Buckhurst Treasurer the Earl of Notingham Admiral and others of the Council to the deceased Queen met him and they with him found the Duke of Lenox the Earl of Marr the Lord Hume and the Lord Kinloss These with others were made of his Privy-Council The Bishops forgot not to strengthen themselves and their Party against their opposites the Non-Conformists who had gotten new courage upon their hopes of the Kings compliance with them and the King to please both sides went in a smooth way betwixt them at first not leaving out the third Party the Popish the most dangerous whom he closed with also by entertaining into his Councils the Lord Thomas Howard and the Lord Henry Howard the one Son the other Brother to the late Duke of Norfolk who would have been his Father but became a Sufferer for his Mother The one a plain-hearted man the other of a subtile and fine Wit of great Reading and Knowledg excellent for outward Courtship famous for secret Insinuation and cunning Flattery the first a suspected though it was otherwise the last a known Papist bred up so from his Infancy yet then converted as he pretended by the King being the closest way to work his own ends On these he heaped Honours making the Son Earl of Suffolk and the Brother Earl of Northampton And this Gentleness of the King to the Popish party was so pleasant to them that they suckt in the sweet hopes of alteration in Religion and drunk so deep thereof that they were almost intoxicated Now every man that had but a Spark of Hope struck fire to light himself in the way to Advancement though it were to the Consumption both of his Estate and Being The Court being a kind of Lottery where men that venture much may draw a Blank and such as have little may get the Prize Those whose Hopes were almost quenched like Water cast upon Lime burn inward till it breaks out into Flame so hard it is for uncomposed Spirits missing their aims to settle upon the Basis of solid Reason The Earl of Southampton covered long with the Ashes of great Essex his Ruins was sent for from the Tower and the King lookt upon him with a smiling countenance though displeasing happily to the new Baron of Essingden Sir Robert Cecil yet it was much more to the Lords Cobham and Grey and Sir Walter Rawleigh who were forbidden their attendance This damp upon them being Spirits full of acrimony made them break into Murmur then into Conspiracy associating themselves with two Romish Priests men that could not live upon lingring Hopes and other discontented persons which every Change produces The ground of the Design was to set up the Lady Arabella a Branch sprung from the same Stem by another Line and to alter Religion and Government disposing already to themselves the principal places of Honour and Profit The Lord Grey should get leave to transport two thousand men into Holland with whom he should seise upon the King and Prince Sir Walter Rawleigh was to treat with Count Arembergh for procuring of Moneys and Cobham to go to the Arch-Duke and the King of Spain to perswade their Assistance This Embrion proved abortive and they brought their Plea to excuse their attempting it as compleat a One That the King was not yet crowned The Arraignment was at Winchester where strong proofs meeting weak denyals they with others were found guilty of High Treason George Brook the Lord Cobham's Brother and the two Priests suffered for it the rest found Mercy the King being loth to soil the first steps to his Crown with more blood But their Pardon carried them to the Tower where the Lord Grey some years after dyed and in his Death extinguished his Family The Lord Cobham Sir Griffin Markham and others discharged of imprisonment lived miserable and poor Cobham at home and the rest abroad And Rawleigh while he was a Prisoner having the Idea of the World in his contemplation brought it to some
pounds subsidies due to the late Queen besides what the Parliament had given him And fearing that Proclamations who were indeed very active Ministers would now become Laws ushering in the Kings will with large strides upon the peoples Liberties who lay down while they stept over them The ingenious sort sensible of this incroaching Monarchy brake out into private murmur which by degrees being of a light nature carried a Cloud with it by which the wise Pilots of the State foreseeing a Storm gathering strive to dissipate it the next Session of Parliament which was held the nineteenth of February in the seventh year of our Kings Reign Thomas Sackville Earl of Dorset Not long after this the Earl of Dorset Lord High Treasurer died suddenly as he sate at the Council Table which gave occasion to some persons disaffected to him as what eminent Officer that hath the managing of Moneys can please all to speak many things to his Dishonour But they considered not that besides the Black worm and the White day and night as the Riddle is that are gnawing constantly at the root of this tree of Life there are many insensible Diseases as Apoplexies whose Vapors suddenly extinguish the Animal Spirits and Apostems both in the upper and middle Region of Man that often drown and suffocate both Animal and Vital who are like imbodyed Twins the one cannot live without the other if the Animal Spirits fail the Vital cannot subsist if the Vitals perish the Animal give over their operations And He that judges ill of such an Act of Providence may have the same hand at the same time writing within the Palace walls of his own Body the same Period to his Lives earthly Empire The Earl of Salisbury succeeded him a man nourished with the milk of Policy under his father the Lord Burley famous for Wisdom in his Generation a Courtier from his infancy Batteld by Art and Industry under the late Queen mother of her Country Though Nature was not propitious to his Outside being Crooked backt She supplied that want with admirable indowments within This man the King found Secretary and Master of the Wards and to these he added the Treasurers staff knowing him to be the staff of his Treasury For he had knowledg enough to pry into other Mens Offices aswell as his own and knew the ways of disbursing the Kings moneys The Earl of Northhampton he made Lord Privy Seal and these were the two prime wheels of his triumphant Chariot The Earl of Suffolk was made Lord Chamberlain before but he came far behind in the management of the Kings affairs being a Spirit of a more Grosser Temper fitter to part a fray and Compose the differences of a disordered Court than a Kingdom Upon the Shoulders of the two first the King laid the Burthen of his business For though he had many Lords his Creatures some by Creation and some by insinuation for Kings will never want supple-hand Courtiers and the Bishops being his Dependents the most of them tending by direct Lines towards him as the Center of their advancement so that He like the Supreme Power moved this upper Region for the most part and that had an influence upon the lower in inferior Orbs yet these two noble Men were the two great Lights that were to discover the Kings mind to the Parliament and by whose Heat and Vigor the blessed fruits of Peace and Plenty should be produced The Lord Treasurer by a Command from the King instructs both Houses in their business and what they shall do well to insist upon this Session First To supply his Majesties wants Secondly To ease the people of their Grievances They go commonly yoakt together for the peoples Grievances are the Kings Wants and the Kings Wants are the peoples Grievances How can they be separated If the King will always want the people will always suffer For Kings when they do want lay commonly lawless impositions on the people which they must take off again with a sum of money and then they want again to a continued vicissitude These two Propositions are sweetned by him with a third Which is to make the Parliament witnesses of those great favours and honours that his Majesty intended his Royal Son Prince Henry in creating him Prince of Wales Which though the King might do without a Parliament and that divers Kings his Predecessors had done so as by many precedents was manifested yet being desirous to have a happy Vnion betwixt him and his People he would have nothing resound ill in their ears from so eminent an instrument to the Kingdoms good as his Son Then they excuse the Kings necessities proceeding from his great disbursements For the three hundred and fifty thousand pounds Subsidies due in the late Queens time he received with one hand and paid her Debts with another redeeming the Crown Lands which she had morgaged to the City He kept an Army of nineteen thousand men in Ireland for some time a foot wherein a great many of the Nobility were Commanders and other deserving Soldiers that would have been exposed to want and penury if not supplied And it was not safe for the King to trust the inveterate malice of a new reconciled Enemy without the Sword in his hand The late Queens Funeral Charges were reckon'd up which they hoped the Parliament would not repine at Nor was it fit the King should come in as a private Person bringing in one Crown on his head and finding another here or his Royal Consort with our future Hopes like so many precious Ienels exposed to Robbers without a Guard and Retinue How fit was the Magnificence at the King of Denmarks being here And how just that Ambassadors from Foreign Princes more than ever this Crown received should find those Entertainments and Gratuities the want whereof would put a dim lustre abroad upon the most sparkling Jewels of the Crown Besides the necessary Charge of sending Ambassadors to others being concurrent and mutual Civilities among Princes That these are the causes of the Kings wants and not his irregular Bounty though a magnificent mind is inseparable from the Majesty of a King If he did not give his subjects and servants would live in a miserable Climate And for his Bounty to those that were not born among us it must be remembred he was born among them and not to have them taste of the blessing he hath attained were to have him change his Vertue with his Fortune Therefore they desire the Kings wants may be supplied a thing easie to be granted and not to be valued by Wise-men nor spoken of without contempt Philosophy saith that all Riches are but food and rayment the rest is nugatorium quiddam And that it is but purior pars terrae and therefore but crassior pars aquae a thing unworthy the denial to such a King who is not only the wisest of Kings but the very Image of an Angel that hath brought good
this blow reached presently into England and came somewhat near our Kings Heart therefore he took the best way to prevent his Fears by striving to prevent his Dangers having no other end but his own For when he considered the horridness of the Powder Plot and by it the irreconcileable malice of that Party he thought it the safest policy not to stir those Ashes where so much Fire was covered which gave way to a flux of that Iesuitical humour to infest the Body of the Kingdom But now being startled with this poysoned knife he ventures upon a Proclamation strictly commanding all Iesuits and Priests out of the Kingdom and all Recusants to their own Houses not to come within ten miles of the Court and secures all the rest of his Subjects to him by an universal taking of the Oath of Allegiance which the Parliament both Lords and Commons then sitting began and the rest of the People followed to the Kings great contentment For the last Session the Parliament was prorogued till the sixteenth of October this year and meeting now they were willing to secure their Allegiance to the King out of Piety yet they were so stout even in those youthful days which he term'd Obstinacy that they would not obey him in his incroachments upon the Publick Liberty which he began then to practise For being now season'd with seven years knowledg in his profession here he thought he might set up for himself and not be still journy-man to the lavish tongue of men that pryed too narrowly into the secrets of his Prerogative which are mysteries too high for them being Arcana imperii fitter to be admired than questioned But the Parliament were apprehensive enough that those hidden mysteries made many dark steps into the Peoples Liberties and they were willing by the light of Law and Reason to discover what was the Kings what theirs Which the King unwilling to have searched into after five Sessions in six years time dissolved the Parliament by Proclamation HENRICUS Princeps Walliae etc a. Reverendissimus in Christo Pater D.D. RICHARDUS BANCROFT Archiepiscopus Cantuariensis About this time Richard Bancroft Arch-Bishop of Canterbury died a person severe enough whose roughness gained little upon those that deserted the Ceremonies One work of his shewed his spirit better than the ruggedest Pen can depaint it For it was he that first brought the King to begin a new Colledg by Chelsey wherein the choice and abiest Scholars of the Kingdom and the most pregnant Wits in matters of Controversies were to be associated under a Provost with a fair and ample allowance not exceeding three thousand pounds a year whose design was to answer all Popish Books or others that vented their malignant spirits against the Protestant Religion either the Heresies of the Papists or the Errors of those that strook at Hierarchy so that they should be two-edged Fellows that would make old cutting and flashing and this he forwarded with all industry during his time and there is yet a formal Act of Parliament in being for the establishment of it But after his death the King wisely considered that nothing begets more contention than opposition and such Fuellers would be apt to inslame rather than quench the heat that would arise from those embors For Controversies are often or for the most part the exuberancies of Passion and the Philosopher saith men are drunk with disputes and in that inordinateness take the next thing that comes to hand to throw at one anothers faces so that the design fell to the ground with him and there is only so much Building standing by the Thames-side as to shew that what he intended to Plant he meant should be well Watered and yet it withered in the bud I can lay nothing to the charge of this great man but from common fame yet this I may truly say That for his Predecessor Whitgift and his Successor Abbot I never heard nor read any thing tending to their disparagement But on him some unhappy Wit vented this Pasquin Here lies his Grace in cold Earth slad Who died with want of what he had The Queen was Mistress of Somerset-house as well as the Prince was Master of St. Iames and she would fain have given it the name of Denmark-house which name continued her time among her people but it was afterwards left out of the common Calender like the dead Emperors new named Month. She was not without some Grandees to attend her for outward glory The Court being a continued Maskarado where she and her Ladies like so many Sea-Nymphs or Nereides appeared often in various dresses to the ravishment of the beholders The King himself being not a little delighted with such fluent Elegancies as made the nights more glorious than the days But the latitude that these high-flying fancies and more speaking Actions gave to the lower World to judg and censure even the greatest with reproaches shall not provoke me so much as to stain the innocent Paper I shall only say in general That Princes by how much they are greater than others are looked upon with a more severe eye if their Vertues be not suitable to their Greatness they lose much of their value For it is too great an allay to such resinedness to fall under the common cognizance Philip Earle of Pemb Mong Lord Chamberlaine to the King etc. Now all addresses are made to Sir Robert Car he is the Favourit in Ordinary no sute nor no reward but comes by him his hand distributes and his hand restrains our Supreme Power works by second Causes the Lords themselves can scarce have a smile without him And to give the greater lustre to his power about this time the Earl of Dunbar the Kings old trusty Servant the Cabinet of his secret Counsels died so that he solely now took the most intimate of them into his charge and the Officer of Lord high Treasurer of Scotland which staff the other left behind him and though it could be no great Supporter yet the credit of it carried some reputation in his own Country where it was his happiness to be magnified as well as in England for he had Treasure enough here where the Fountain was And to ingrandize all the King created him Baron of Brandspech and Viscount Rochester and soon after Knight of the Garter Thus was he drawn up by the Beams of Majesty to shine in the highest Glory grapling often with the Prince himself in his own Sphear in divers Conteslations For the Prince being a high born Spirit and meeting a young Competitor in his Fathers Affections that was a Mushrom of yesterday thought the venom would grow too near him and therefore he gave no countenance but opposition to it which was aggravated by some little scintils of Love as well as Hatred Rivals in passion being both amorous and in youthful blood fixing by accident upon one object who was a third mans in which the Viscount
the delights she suckt in there made his condition again known to her Father The old man being troubled with his Daughters disobedience imbitter'd her being near him with wearisome and continual chidings to wean her from the sweets she doted on and with much ado forced her into the Country But how harsh was the parting being rent away from the place where she grew and flourished Yet she left all her Engines and Imps behind her the old Doctor and his Confederate Mrs. Turner must be her two supporters She blazons all her miseries to them at her depart and moystens the way with her tears Chartley was an hundred miles from her happiness and a little time thus lost is her eternity When she came thither though in the pleasantest time of Summer she shut herself up in her Chamber not suffering a beam of light to peep upon her dark thoughts If she stirred out of her Chamber it was in the dead of Night when sleep had taken possession of all others but those about her In this implacable sad discontented humour she continued some moneths always murmuring against but never giving the least civil respect to her Husband which the good man suffered patiently being loth to be the divulger of his own misery yet having a manly courage he would sometimes break into a little passion to see himself sleighted and neglected by himself but having never found better from her it was the easier to bear with her Robert Earle of Essex his Excellence Generall of the Army etc For coming to London next Winter with this full sail loaden with lust she found the Viscount much prepared for her who being at first fastned on the Object absence and all those little Artifices that mischievous Women and cunning Impostures could devise had advanced him as much in his desires as they had hindred the other We could dispute the Nature of these Operations how far they are Contingent and how the fancy works with them though ignorant of them making their impulsions more active being the sparks that kindle this combustible matter for we will never allow there was any other Diabolical means used Nature being strong enough for such a production but being not pertinent to the Story will leave it and follow them that found the effects of it and had affections suitable to it which they made use of with an unbridled appetite yet meeting closely in corners Sin being at first shamefaced but afterwards they grew more bold and every hour that the Viscount could steal from his Royal Master he dedicated it to his Disloyal Mistris being caught in this Net of Adulation he becomes a willing Prisoner Lust only getting liberty to all looseness and licentiousness Places of frequent Meetings are daily renewed Persons fitted for such practices are employed and when Nature was exhausted Art her subtil Imitator brought in her store to contribute new Spirits purchased at any rate All outward Adornment to present Beauty in her full Glory were not wanting on both sides being Lusts fuel which tended to the Consumption of all Reason And among the rest yellow starch the invention and foyl of Iaundice Complexions with great Cut-work Bands and Piccadillies a thing that hath since lost the name crouded in and flourished among us Mrs. Turner being nominoted to be the first Contriver happily in England but the Original came out of France which fashion and colour did set off their lean sallow countenances Thus did the Viscount get the Conquest of two the King and this Lady but could not subdue his own lustful Appetite The Wheel of Fortune running towards the Scots turned by the Viscount Rochester was unhappily diverted upon the Lord Sanquir a Baron of that Nation and married to a good Family in England who some years before meeting with a sturdy Fencer one Iohn Turner who was a Master of the Weapon-Trade in his own School the young Lord strove to put some affront upon him making it no little Conquest to disgrace a Master in the Art as they termed it and the man apprehensive of the Attempt with a bold rudeness prest so hard upon him that he thrust out one of the Barons eyes This business was much regretted by Turner and the Baron being conscious to himself that he meant his Adversary some ill took the Accident with as much patience as men that lose one eye by their own default use to do for the preservation of the other Some time after being in the Court of the late great Henry of France and the King courteous to Strangers entertaining discourse with him askt him how he lost his eye he cloathing his answer in a better shrowd than a plain Fencers told him it was done with a Sword The King replies Doth the man live And that question gave an end to the Discourse but was the beginner of a strange Confusion in his working Fancy which neither Time nor Distance could compose carrying it in his breast some years after till he came into England where he hired two of his Country-men Gray and Carlile men of low and mercenary spirits to murther him which they did with a Case of Pistols in his own House in White-Fryars many years after the loss of his bodily eye thus the Baron lost the eye of his Reason This bold nefarious Act was very deeply resented at Court and the Kings Commands were so active for apprehension of the murderers that they were all three taken one upon the Borders of Scotland so far had his fears carried him another in a Ship bound for Hamburgh who scaping in a Storm the Seas delivered up and the Lord himself being obscured in this Tempest of his Soul hearing a thousand pound was offered to bring his Head so liberal was the King for Iustice threw himself into the Arms of his Mercy by the mediation of the Arch-Bishop of Canterbury to whom he presented himself an Object of pity but no intercession could prevail their lives satisfied the Law the Baron not having the honour of a Noble death Edward Earle of Dorset Lord Chamberlaine to the Queene etc. The Kings affections were not so monopolized but that his crafty Servant the Earl of Salisbury had a good hole as well in his Councils as Treasure And being not well pleased to see himself bearded by a Youth new started into the affairs of the World and mounted by the wing of love not of merit he cast out many mists before him to hinder and damp his passage so that the Viscount could not rise to that pitch during his life that he afterwards arrived at And one thing among the rest he obstructed was five thousand pounds the King had given him to maintain his Riot Which sum the Treasurer thought too great a bulk to be carried lightly away and therefore he desired the King might see what he did And having layd the money in Silver upon Tables in his Gallery at Salisbury-house he invited the King to dinner making
that sphere could have contained him but the vulgar and universal error of satiety with present injoyments made him too big for a rustical condition and when he came at Court he was too little for that So that some Novelty must be taken up to set him if he knew his own mind in Aequilibrio to the place he was in no matter what it was let it be never so pestilent and mischievous to others he cared not so he found benefit by it To him Michel is made Compartner a poor sneaking Justice that lived among the Brothels near Clerken-well whose Clark and he pickt a livelyhood out of those corners giving Warrants for what they did besides anniversary â—â—ipends the frequent Revenue of some Justices of those times for connivency I know how necessary and how splendent it is for men of publick minds to flourish in the execution of Iustice for weeding out and extirpating vitious habits radicated in every corner but this thing was a poisonous Plant in its own nature and the fitter to be an Ingredient to such a Composition Therefore he is brought to Court Knighted and corroborated by these Letters Patents whereby he took liberty to be more ravenous upon poor people to the grating of the bones and sucking out the very marrow of their substance These oppressions were throughly ripped up and laid open by the House of Commons But together with these proceedings they took notice of the King's wants and thought fit something to sweeten his temper that they might not take from him the little profit he had by those Patents but they would mâ—ke it up some other way therefore they gave him two intire Subsidles which were very acceptable unto him For those Contributions that flow from the peoples love come freely like a Spring-tide But illegal Taxes racked from their bowels coming through so many Promoters and Catchpoles hands run very low and the King hath the least share The King hearing these Patents were anatomized in the House of Commons and willing to comply with his people whom he found so bountiful unto him he comes to the House of Lords to close gently with them and excuse the granting of those Patents shewing some reasons why he did them and the instructions he gave for the execution of them by which he hoped to take off that sharp reflexion that might light upon him But the modesty of Parliaments seldom impute any of these miscarriages to the Prince but the Actors under him must bear the burthen of it And the time drawing near that the Lords assigned for judging the Malefactors the King comes again to the House upon the 26 of March and thus passed his sentence upon the Patents before the Lords should pass theirs upon the executioners of them My Lords Thomas Earle of Arundell Surrey Earle Marshall Lord high Steward of Englaud etc. Two reasons move me to be earnest in the execution of what ye are to sentence at this time First That duty I owe to God who hath made me a King and tied me to the care of Government by that politick Marriage betwixt me and my people For I do assure you in the Heart of an honest man and by the Faith of a Christian King which both ye and all the World know me to be had these things been complained of to me before the Parliament I would have done the office of a just King and out of Parliament have punished them as severely and peradventure more than ye now intend to do But now that they are discovered to me in Parliament I shall be as ready in this way as I should have been in the other For I confess I am ashamed these things proving so as they are generally reported to be that it was not my good fortune to be the only Author of the Reformation and punishment of them by some ordinary Courts of Justice Nevertheless since these things are now discovered by Parliament which before I knew not of nor could so well have discovered otherwise in regard of that Representative Body of the Kingdom which comes from all parts of the Country I will be never a-whit the slower to do my part for the execution For as many of you that are here have heard me often say and so I will still say So precious unto me is the publick good that no private person whatsoever were he never so dear unto me shall be respected by me by many degrees as the publick good not only of the whole Common-wealth but even of a particular Corporation that is a Member of it And I hope that ye my Lords will do me that right to publish to my people this my heart and purpose The second Reason is That I intend not to derogate or infringe any of the Liberties or Privileges of this House but rather to fortifie and strengthen them For never any King hath done so much for the Nobility of England as I have done and will ever be ready to do And whatsoever I shall say and deliver unto you as my thought yet when I have said what I think I will afterwards freely leave the Judgment wholly to your House I know you will do nothing but what the like hath been done before and I pray you be not jealous that I will abridge you of any thing that hath been used For whatsoever the Precedents in times of good Government can warrant I will allow For I acknowledge this to be the supreme Court of Iustice wherein I am ever present by Representation And in this ye may be the better satisfied by my own presence coming divers times among you Neither can I give you any greater assurance or better pledge of this my purpose than that I have done you the honor to set my only Son among you and hope that ye with him shall have the means to make this the happiest Parliament that ever was in England This I profess and take comfort in that the House of Commons at this time have shewed greater love and used me with more respect in all their proceedings than ever any House of Commons have heretofore done to me or I think to any of my Predecessors As for this House of yours I have always found it respective to me and accordingly do I and ever did favour you as you well deserved And I hope it will be accounted a happiness for you that my Son doth now sit among you who when it shall please God to set him in my place will then remember that he was once a Member of your House and so be bound to maintain all your Lawful Privileges and like the better of you all the days of his life But because the World at this time talks so much of Bribes I have just cause to fear the whole Body of this House hath bribed him to be a good Instrument for you upon all occasions He doth so good Offices in all his Reports to me both for the House in general and every
Philip Knevit Sir Iohn Tasborough Sir William Selbie Sir Richard Titchborn Sir Iohn Hall Sir George Perkins Sir Thomas Penrodduck Sir Nicholas Sanders Knights Besides divers Esquires Popishly addicted either in their own Persons or by means of their Wives too tedious to be expressed here And these were dispersed and seated in every County who were not only in Office and Commission but had Countenance from Court by which they grew up and flourished so that their exuberancie hindered the growth of any Goodness or Piety their Malice pleased to drop upon These men being now touched began to shrink in their Branches like the new-found Indian Plants but they quickly put out again for though this Disturbance or Movement came upon them by the Dissolution of one Treaty yet they presently got heart and spread again by the other which was in Agitation Carolus D. G. Rex Ang Sco Fran et Hib Henreta Maria D. G. Reg Ang Sco Fran et Hib But the Iesuitical Party both here and there were incessantly laborious for a greater Liberty and the King 's chief Agent in the Treaty Monsieur de Vieuxvill having pulled on him the Odium of the people through some miscarriages being committed Prisoner by the King to protect him from their Rage the Cardinal Richelieu entring then into his Infancy of Favour being preferred by the Queen-Mother to be a manager of the Treaty whose Intimate he was and more Stubborn for promoting the Catholique Cause yet all this could give no stop to the Career but that the Match would be made up upon very easie Terms But when the King of France understood by his Ministers and Agents in England how eager our King was for the Match for he desired it above all Earthly Blessings as one near him said of him for besides the Reproach he thought would fall upon him by another Breach he should lose the Glory of a Conjunction with Kings which he highly wound up his Opinion to to Sublime and as it were Deifie his Posterity in the esteem of the people so that he would almost submit to any thing rather than the Match should not go forward which the King of France finding he bated his Humour of earnestness for it and descended by the same Steps and Degrees that he found his Brother King advanced to it and got several great Immunities for the Papists by it notwithstanding all Our King 's fair Promises to the Parliament as may be seen by those Articles seal'd and sworn to by Our King some few Months before his Death But a little before this when the Hopes of the Match with France began to bud the Earl of Carlile was sent over to mature and Ripen the proceedings with the Earl of Holland to bring the Treaty to some perfection yet with private instructions That if they could find by their Spanish Correspondencies as the Earl of Carlile was a little Hispanioliz'd that the Match there had any Probability of taking effect with the new Propositions that then they should proceed no further in the French Treaty so earnest was the King for the one so Violent for the other The Sophisticate Drugs of the Spanish Restitution of the Palatinate having not yet lost their Operation Thus the Ambition of Princes that devolve all their Happiness upon glorious Extractions doth choak and smother those Considerations that Religion like a clear light discovers to be but gross and cloudy Policy which vanishes often and comes to nothing The Duke of Buckingham swoln with Grandure having two great Props to support him doubted not to Crush any thing that stood in his way so that he fell very heavily upon his Cousen the Earl of Middlesex Lord Treasurer for he remembred how he repined at the Moneys that were spent in Spain and his Comportment to him since his coming over Middlesex being naturally of a Sullen and proud Humor was not such as he thought did become his Creature Therefore he Resolved to bring him down from that Height he had placed him in and quickly sound the means to do it For great Officers that dig deep in Worldly Treasures have many Underminers under them and those that are not just to themselves or others must make use of such as will not be so just to them so that a flaw may easily be found whereby a great Breach may be made And as Middlesex had not Innocency to Iustifie himself so he wanted Humility whereby others might Iustifie him which made him fall unpitied The Prince that was Buckingham's right hand took part against him in the House of Lords where he was Questioned which the King hearing of writes to the Prince from New-Market whither he often retired to be free and at ease from comber and noise of Business That he should not take part with any Faction in Parliament against the Earl of Middlesex but to reserve himself so that both sides might seek him for if he bandied to take away his Servants the time would come that others would do as much for him This wise Advice speaks Buckingham a little declining from the Meridian of the King's Favour or the King from his For if the King did know that Buckingham was his chief Persecutor it could not but relish ill with the Duke to have the King plead for him if the King did not 〈◊〉 know there was not then that intimacy betwixt them that used to be But the Treasurer's Actions being throughly canvased though he had not had such great Enemies he was found guilty of such misdemeanors as were not fit for a Man of Honour to commit so that the Parliament thought to Degrade him but that they looked on as an ill Precedent But though they took not away his Titles of Honour in Relation to his Posterity who had not offended yet they made him utterly uncapable of sitting in the House of Lords as a Peer And for his fine it was so great that the Duke by Report got Chelsie House out of him for his part of it There was an odd accident hapned in Northampton-shire while this Treasurer was in his Greatness One Harman a rich man that knew not well how to make use of his Riches having some bad Tenants and being informed that one of them which Owed him money had furnished himself to go to a Fair to buy some Provisions for his accommodation Harman walks as by accident to meet him in the way to the Market when he saw his Tenant he askt him for his Rent the man that was willing otherwise to dispose of his money denied he had any Yes I know thou hast money said Harman calling him by his Name I prithee let me have my Rent and with much importunity the man pulled out his money and gave all or the most part of it to his Landlord This coming to some Pragmatical knowledg the poor Man was advised to indict his Landlord for Robbing him and taking his Money from him in the High-way which he
Parliament 165 166. Sent Extraordinary Ambassador into Spain 192. where slighted and coursly entertained ibid. Made Earl of Bristol 210. vid. Bristol Disputation at Sir Humphrey Linds house 240 Doncaster sent Extraordinary Ambassador into Germany 132. his expensive Ambassy 154. Feasted by the Prince of Orange 154. sent again into France 171. his short Character ib. Dorset Lord Treasurer dies suddenly 43 Duel between Sir Halton Cheek and Sir Thomas Dutton 50. Lord Bruse and Sir Edward Sackvil 60. Sir Iames Stuart Sir George Wharton 61. Sir Thomas Compton and Bird 147 Duncome a sad story of him 140 E Queen Elizabeth breaks into passion mention being made of her Successor 2. yet bequeaths one in her last Will as a Legacy to this Nation 1 The Lady Elizabeth married 64. presented with a chain of Pearl by the Mayor and Aldermen of London ib. Ellowis made Lieutenant of the Tower 67. consenting to the poisoning of Sir Thomas Overbury 70. Executed on Tower-Hill 82 Earl of Essex his Character 2 Young Earl of Essex restored to the right of Blood and Inheritance 6. marries the Lady Frances Howard 55. Travels into France and Germany 56. demands his Wife is suspected to be poison'd ib. Attended with a number of Gallant Gentlemen accompanies Sir Horatio Vere into the Palatinate 136. His Character 162 March of the English into the Palatinate 136. Spinola endeavours to intercept them 137. they joyn with the Princes of the Union ibid. and prepare for a Charge 138 Countess of Essex in love with the Viscount Rochester 56. She is slighted by Prince Henry ibid. consults with Mr. Turner and Foreman 57. whom she writes to 58. seeks by the aid of Northampton to be divorced from the Earl of Essex 67. searched by a Jury of Matrons and found a Virgin 68. divorced 69. married to Rochester now made Earl of Somerset 72. and both Feasted at Merchant-Tailers Hall ib. vid. Somerset F Fairfax racked and tormented to death in France the occasion 172 Lady Finch Viscountess of Maidstone 279 France in combustion 102. their troubles now and those thirty three years ago running all in one parallel 103 G Gage sent to Rome 195 Garnet Provincial of the Jesuits in England arraigned and executed 33 Gib a Scotchman a passage 'twixt him and King Iames 219 Gold raised 77 Gondemar by Letters into Spain makes known Sir Raleigh's design 113. incenses our King against him 115. lulls the King asleep with his windy promises 144. His power 145. and several effects thereof ib. prevails with both Sexes 146. a Passage 'twixt him and the Lady Iacob ib. He writes merrily into Spain concerning the Countess of Buckingham 149 Germany stirs there and the causes thereof 131 H Hamilton dies 285 Harman's Story 279 Lord Hays sent into France 92. rides in state to Court 93. made Viscount Doncaster and married to the Lady Lucy younger Daughter to Henry Earl of Northumberland 130. sent into Germany to mediate a reconciliation betwixt the Emperor and the Bohemians 132. Vid. Doncaster Henry 4th of France stab'd by Raviliac 50 Prince Henry installed Knight of the Garter 6. created Prince of Wales 52 Hicks and Fairfax their story 172 August the fifth made Holy-day 12 November the fifth made Holy-day 33 Thomas and Henry Lord Howards made Earls of Suffolk and Northampton their characters 3 I Iames the sixth of Scotland proclaimed King of England 1 2. Thirty six years of age when he comes to the Crown 1. Posts are sent in hast after the death of Queen Elizabeth into Scotland 2. coming through the North toward London great was the applause and concourse of people which he politickly inhabites 3. at Theoâ—alds he is met by divers of the Nobility ib. went at his first entrance a smooth way betwixt the Bishops and Non-conformists not leaving out the Papists whom he seemeth to close withal ib. conspired against by Cobham Grey Rawleigh c. 4. A Censure on the Conspiracy ib. Crowned at Westminster 5. Gives way to a Conference a Hampton-Court 7. and determines the matters in controversie 8. Rides with the Queen and Prince thorough the City 12. His first Speech he made to the Parliament Anno 1603. 13. Proclaimed King of Great Britain 25. Rumor of his Death how taken 32. His Speech to the Parliament concerning an Union of Scotland and England 38. His wants laid open to the House of Parliament 44. his Speech to both Houses an 1609. 46. His bounty 76. comes to the Star-Chamber 99. his Speech there 100. Goes into Scotland 104. Several Messages of his to the States concerning Vorstius 119. whose Books he caus'd to be burnt 120. writes against him 124. Prohibits his Subjects to send their Children to Leyden 125. dislikes the Palatin's acceptation of the Crown of Bohemia 133. yet at last sends a Gallant Regiment to joyn with the United Princes in Germany 135. and assents to the raising of two Regiments more 136. Intends to match the Prince of Wales with the Infanta of Spain 143. Incouraged therein by Gondemar and Digby 144. Calls a Parliament An. 1620. 150. His Speech to both Houses 153. to the Lords 155. is not pleased with the House of Commons Remonstrance 171. writes to the Speaker of the House of Commons 173. The Parliament Petition him 174. His Answer thereunto 178. The Nobility Petition him 187. He is angry thereat ib. His expression to Essex 188. dissolves the Parliament 190. Punishes some and prefers others that were active in the House 191. is dishonoured abroad 192. persues the Match with Spain ibid. Sends Digby thither as Extraordinary Ambassador ib. Gage to Rome 195. Commands Lincoln to write to the Judges that all Recusants be released out of Prison 196. His Letter to the Archbishop with directions concerning Preachers 199. Active in the Treaty of Marriage with Spain 202. Disclaims any Treaty with the Pope 203. his Letter to Digby 204. his second Letter to Digby 207. A third Letter to Digby 210. writes to Buckingham to bring home the Prince speedily or to come away leave him there 249 Demands restitution of the Palatinate or else the Treaty of marriage to proceed no further 256. Summons a Parliament An. 1623. 257. His Speech to the Parliament 259. writes to Secretary Conwey 265. A second Speech 266. his Answer to the Parliaments Petition against Recusants 274. His Death 285. more of him 287. his description 289 Iesuits commanded to avoid the Realm 51 Iesuits swarm 151. Iesuitrices 152. K King of France stabb'd by Raviliac 50 Knighted many 5 Prince Henry installed Knight of the Garter 6 L Lamb a Witch 287 Laud gets into Favour 201 Lieutenant of the Tower consenting to the poisoning of Sir Thomas Overbury 70. Executed 82 Lincoln made Keeper of the Great Seal 196. his Letter to the Judges for setting Recusants at liberty ib. His preferment Character and part of his story ib. his short Harangue 262 M Lord Mayor his Piety 106 Mansfieldt with an Army opposes the Emperor 135. Vexeth him after Anhalt's
defeat for the space of 2 years 143. and constrains him and the Duke of Bavaria to purchase their peace at a dear rate ib. comes into Brabant 216. his Souldiers mutiny by the way 217. comes into England 283. Forces raised for him ib. his design ruined ib. Masks in great esteâ—m 53 King of Spain intends not to conclude the Match betwixt the Prince of Wales and the Infanta of Spain 116 Match between the Prince of Wales and the Infanta of Spain treated of 143. who of the Nobility favourers thereof and who not 144 Match with Spain concluded in England 238. as likewise in Spain 247. Marriage Preparations in Spain for it 255. yet the Treaty dissolved Match with France thought of 257 A Treaty of Marriage with France 276 Michael and Mompesson questioned 155. their offence ibid. Mompesson flies Michael censured 158 Monjoy created Earl of Devonshire 6 Monson arraigned but his Trial laid aside 89 Lord Monteagle the Discoverer of the Powder-Treason rewarded 32 Montague Lord Treasurer 148. made Lord Treasurer Viscount Mandevile and Earl of Manchester afterwards Lord Privy Seal 149 N New-England describ'd 75. when first planted and by whom ib. Noblemen created 6 7 Nobility Petition the King 187 Northampton made Lord Privy Seal 43 He and Rochester plot Overburie's death why 66. assists the Countess of Essex in suing out a Divorce 67. engages the Lieutenant of the Tower in poysoning Overbury 70. reviles Overbury after his death 73. touched at heart and dies 74 Northumberland with others committed to the Tower 33. why 130. his marriage and Issue ib. is released out of Prison by intercession of his Son-in-law Viscount Doncaster ib. hardly drawn to take a Release from his hand ib. Rides through London in a Coach drawn by Eight horses ib. O Oath of Allegiance 51 Prince of Orange made Knight of the Garter 64. Death of Maurice Prince of Orange 286. Different carriage of two Princes of Orange ib. Overbury a great assistant of Viscount Rochester 66. opposes his marriage with the Countess of Essex ibid. Rochester and Northampton plot his death ibid. is betray'd by Rochester how 67. committed to the Tower ibid. Mistriss Turner imployed to poison him 70. Weston and Franklin imployed by her therein ib. the Lieutenant of the Tower like ingaged therein ibid. The poison set a work but the operation retarded and by what means 71. Overbury writes to Somerset 72. is betrayed by the Lieutenant of the Tower 73. dies and is scandaliz'd after death by Northampton ibid. Oxford gallantly accompanied goes to the Palatinate 136. his character 161. is committed to the Tower 191. his death 286. P Parliament declines the Union with Scotland 41 Parliament undertaken by Somerset 77. dissolved ibid. Parliament called An. 1620. 150. complies with the King 153 Parties in Parliament 161. Parliament adjourned 164. re-assembled 165. their Petition to the King 174. dissolved by Proclamation 190. Parliament summon'd An. 1623. 257. advises the King to break off the Treaâ—y with Spain 265. their Declaration 269. Petition against Recusants 272. a Catalogue of them taken notice of by it 276 Prince Elector Palatine comes into England 62. is made Knight of the Gartâ—r 64. married to the Lady Elizabeth ib. with whom he returns home 65. is Elected and Crowned King of Bohemia 132. sâ—nds to our King to excuse the suddenness of the acceptation of that Kingdom ib. is proscribed ib. is overcome in his General the Prince of Anbalt 141. Flies with his Queen ib. is censured ib. loss of his Son ib. His Character 142 March of the English into the Palatinate 136. Restitution of the Palatinate demanded by the Lord Digby 154 Piety of the Lord Mayor 106 Prince Henry installed Knight of the Garter 6. created Prince of Wales 52. slights the Countess of Essex 56 his death 62. and funeral 63 Prince of Spain his disaster 62 Prince Charles his Journey into Spain 225. His Attendants ib. He and Buckingham disguise themselves and change their names 225. questioned by the Mayor of Dover 225. pass through France where they have a view of the Princess Henrietta Mariâ— 226. Arrive at Madrid 227. The Prince rides in State to Court 228. His Royal Entertainment 129 Many of the English Nobility flock thither unto him 229. The Spaniards strive to pervert the Prince 229. So doth the Pope by his Letter 231. The Prince's Answer 233. A Dispensation thereupon dispatched to Madrid 235. Articles sworn to by the Prince the Match is concluded in Spain 247. New delaies sought out by the Spaniards 248. The Prince takes a resolution to return home 249. but takes a solemn Oath to solemnize the Marriage 251. After Gifts and Preseots on both sides leaves Madrid and comes to the Esourial ibid. The Description of it 252. The Prince is Feasted there 253. The King and Prince's Complements at parting 253. The Prince in danger by a Tempest 254 Proclamation against Jesuits 51. for uniformity in Religion 11. against New Buildings 48. Proclamation against talking sets peoples tongues a work 190 Protestant Religion in danger 171 Protestants in France providentially relieved by one that hated their Religion 247 Q Queen of Scots translated to Westminster 71 Queen Ann opposes Somerset why 78. Her Death her Character 129 R Rawleigh his Treason 4. his West-Indian Voyage 112. his Design discovered to Gondemar 113. The King by Gondemar incens'd against him 115. He is committed to the Tower 116. beheaded 117. His Character and description ibid. Recusants confin'd to their houses 51 Reformation in the Church fought after 7 Four Regiments sent into Holland 280 Duke of Richmond dies suddenly 257 Dutchess of Richmond her legend 258 Rochester rules all after the death of Prince Henry and Salisbury 65. with Northampton plots Overburie's death 66 S Earl of Salisbury made Lord Treasurer 43. not pleased with Rochester's greatness 91. Obstructs Five thousand pound given him by the King ibid. Lord Sanquir murders Turner a Fencer 59. for which he is hanged 60 Duke of Saxony executes the Imperial Ban 135 Satyrical Sermon 152 Say and Seal his Character 161 Sermon against Ceremonies 11 Somerset devises to get Money 76. undertakes a Parliament 80. opposed by the Queen 78 80. begins to decline 80. The King deserts him ib. He and his Countess seized 81. and Arraigned 82 Somerset's description in his life The Countess in her death 83 Southampton released out of the Tower 4. Restored to the right of Blood and Inheritance 6. His Character 161. Committed 191. He and his Son dies 284 King's Speech to the Parliament Anno 1603. 13. In the Star-Chamber 100. To the Parliament An. 1620. 153. Second Speech to the Lords 155. To the Parliament An. 1623. 259. Bacon's Speech in Star-Chamber 84 Spencer his Character 162. He and Arundel quarrel 163 Spinola forms an Army in Flanders 135. Strives to intercept the English in their March towards the Palatinate 137. Besieges Berghen ap Zome 216. Raises his Siege 218. Besieges Breda 280 Book of Sports
obtruded 105 3 Subsidies and 6 Fifteens granted 33. Subsidy and Fifteen granted Anno 1609. 84. Two Subsidies granted Anno 1620. 155. Synod at Dort 128 T Tirone comes over is pardon'd and civilly intreated 6 Gunpowder-Treason 38. Discovered by a Letter to the Lord Monteagle 30. The principal actors 28. The Traitors Executed 31. The Lord Monteagle the Discoverer of the Treason rewarded 3 Earl of Dorset Lord Treasurer dies suddenly 43. Earl of Salisbury made Lord Treasurer 43 Lord Treasurer question'd in Star Chamber 97. and fined 99 Two Lord Treasurers in one year 148 Lord Treasurer Craâ—fiâ—ld questioned in Parliament 278. His punishment 279 Turner murder'd by the Lord Sanquir 59 Mrs. Turner intimate with the Countess of Essex 57. In Love with Sir Arthur Manwaring ibid. Executed 82 U Sir Horatio Vere Commander of a Regiment sent to joyn with the United Princes in Germany 135. His Answer to the Marquess of Ansbach 139 Villers a Favourite 79. highly advanced 104. Rules all made Marquess of Buckingham Admiral and Master of the Horse 147. His Kindred advanced ibid. Commissioners for an Union betwixt England and Scotland appointed 27 Arguments pro and con about the Union Dis-union in the United Provinces by reason of Schism and Faction 118. the Authors thereof ib. forewarn'd of it by our King 119 Vorstius his Books burnt by the King 120 W Warwick his Character 162 Weston imployed in the poysoning of Sir Thomas Overbury 70 Tried and Executed 81 Weston and Conwey sent Ambassadors into Bohemia 133. Their Characters ib. Their Return 142 Arch-bishop Whitgift's Saying concerning King Iames at Hampton-Court Conference 8. His Character Dies when ibid. Sir Winwood's Remonstrance 120. and Protestation The End An. Reg. 1. An. Christi 1603 Secretary Cecil Proclaimed King Iames. The King comes to Theobalds Changes beget hopes A Conspiracy against the King A censure upon it The King and Queen Crowned Prince Henry made Knight of the Garter Reformation in the Church sought for Conference at Hampton Court Arch-Bishop Whitgift dies A Proclamation against Jesuits A Proclamation for Uniformity A Sermon against Ceremonies The fifth of August made Holyday The King and Queen ride through the City The Kings Speech to the Parliament Tobie Matthew The King proclaimed King of great Britain Commiss for an Union Roaring Boys The Gun-powder Treason Principal Actors 1604. An. Reg. 3. An. Christi 1605. A Letter to my Lord Monteagle The Parliament meet the 9. of Novemb. The King of Denmarks first coming The fifth of Novemb. made Holy-day Arguments about a Union An. Reg. 5. An. Christi 1607. The Kings Speech to the Parliament about the Union The Parliament declined the Union An. Reg. 6. An. Christi 1608. An. Reg. 7. An. Christi 1609. The death of the Earl of Dorset suddenly The Earl of Salisbury made Treasurer Salisbury and Northampton Sticklers for the King The High-Commission a grievance The Kings Speech to both Houses The Siege of Iuliers An. Reg. 8. An. Christi 1610. A Duel betwixt Sir Hatton Cheek and Sir Thomas Dutton A Proclamation against Jesuits Bancroft Arch-Bishop of Canterbury dies 7 Regis Masks in great esteem An. Reg. 9. An. Christi 1611. 1612. Made Viscount The Earl of Essex marries the Lady Frances Howard The Countess of Essex in love with Rochester She consults with Mistriss Turner And Forman about it The Earl of Essex gets his Wife to Chartley She comes again to Court The Lord Sanquir murthered a Fencer Is hanged Salisbury not pleased with the Viscounts greatness The Queen of Scots translated to Westminster The Palatints arrival 16. Octob. Prince Henry's death 6. Nov. His gallant spirit His Funeral Mourning laid aside Knights of the Garter made The Prince Palatine married to the Lady Elizabeth The Prince Palatine returns home with the Princess Rochester betrays Overbury The Countesses designs Northampton joyns with her Rob. Iohnstons Hist. of Scotland 〈…〉 The Countess divorsed from her Husband Mrs. Turner imployed to poyson Overbury Their poysons set a work Rochester made Earl of Somerset 4. Nov. married 5 Dec. following Feasted in London Overbury hears of the Marriage Writes to Somerset Somerset sends poysons in his Answers The Lieutenant betrays Overbury Overbury dies Northampton reviles him A. Reg. 12. An. Christi 1614. Northampton dies New-England described Planted first 1606. Somersets devices to get Money The Kings Bounty Gold raised A Parliament undertaken A Benevolence required The King of Denmarks second coming George Villers a favourite A. Reg. 13. An. Christi 1615. Somersets decline 1615. Weston and the rest tried Weston executed Mrs. Turner Sir Ierv Ellowis And Franklin The Countesses description in her death Somersets in his life A. Reg. 14. An. Christi 1616. Sir Francis Bacons Speech in Star-chamber Sir Thomas Monson arraigned The Lord Chief Justice blamed Peace every where The King think of a match for his Son Prince Charles The Lord Hays sent into France 6 lib. H. Hunt The Lord Hayes rides in state to the Court. The Chief Justice is humbled And short Character The Lord Chancellor retires Sir Ralph Winwood dies The Lord Treasurer questioned in Star-Chamber Cov. Lichf The King comes to the Star-Chamber A. Reg. 15. An. Christi 1617. Unstable spirits mutable The Arch-Bishop of Spalato comes into England Dies at Rome The King goes into Scotland The Book of Sports obtruded * His House in Edenburg so called Piety of the Lord Mayor of London Juggling of the Jesuits The Boy of Bilson Accuses a Woman to be a Witch She is condemned Bishop Morton gets her Reprieve The Bishop troubled for the Boy The Impostor discovered The King discovers many Impostors Sir Walter Rawleighs West-Indian Voyage The Design discovered to Gondemar Raleigh troubled Kemish kills himself Gondemar incenses the King against Raleigh 1618. He is committed to the Tower And Beheaded His character and description Disunion in the United Provinces Our King forewarns them of it An. 1611. The States answer Vorstius's Books burned by the King The States answer Sir Winwood's Protestation Our King writes to the States in 1613. And now in 1618. Barnevelt opposes the Pr. of Orange The Prince of Orange goes to Utrecht 25 Iuly Barnevelt's Sentence and death His Imployments A Synod at Dort A blazing Star The death of Queen Anne A short Character of the Queen An. Reg. 17. An. Christi 1619. Northumberland set at Liberty Stirs in Germany Anno 1617. 18 Aug. Doncaster Ambassador Weston and Conwey sent Amb. into Bohemia 1620. The Palatine proscribed An. Reg. 17. An. Christi 1619. Preparations for War An. Christi 1620. The march of the English into the Palatinate Spinola attempts to intercept the English The English joyn with the Princes Spinola and the Princes hunt one another A sad Fate upon Germany A sad story of Mr. Duncomb Bad success in Bohemia The King censuâ—ed The loss of his Son The King's Character Weston and Conwey return home The Princes of the Union submit to Ferdinand Mansfeldt vexeth the Emperor still Essex solicits our King for
for at my hands Thus the Beams of Majesty had an influence upon every branch and leaf of the Kingdom by reflecting upon the Root their Representative Body every particular expecting what fruit this Sun-shine would produce striving as much to insinuate into him as he did into the general so that there was a Reciprocal Harmony between the King and the People because they courted one another But when the Kings Bounty contracted it self into private Favourites as it did afterwards bestowing the affection he promised the whole people upon one man when the golden showers they gaped for dropt into some few chanels their passions flew higher than their hopes The Kings aims were to unite the two Kingdoms so that the one might corroborate the other to make good that part of his Speech by this intermixtion wherein he divides England and Scotland into halves But the English stumbled at that partition thinking it an unequal division and fearing that the Scots creeping into English Lordships and English Ladies Beds in both which already they began to be active might quickly make their least half the predominant part But he was Proclaimed King of Great Britain England must be no more a Name the Scotish Coyns are made currant and our Ships must have Saint Georges and Saint Andrews Crosses quartered together in their Flags all outward Ensigns of Amity But those English that had suckt in none of the sweets of this pleasant Stream of Bounty repined to see the Scots advanced from blew Bonnets to costly Beavers wearing instead of Wadmeal Velvet and Satin as divers Pasquils written in that Age Satyrically taunted at Which is not set down here to vilifie the Scots being most of them Gentlemen that had deserved well of their Master but to shew how cross to the publick Appetite the Hony-comb is that another man eats But the King like a wise Pilot guided the Helm with so even an hand that these small gusts were not felt It behoved him to play his Master-prize in the Beginning which he did to the life for he had divers opinions humours and affections to grapple with as well as Nations and 't is a very calm Sea when no billow rises The Romanists bogled that he said in his Speech They were unsufferable in the Kingdom as long as they maintained the Pope to be their Spiritual Head and He to have power to dethrone Princes The Separatists as the King called them were offended at that Expression wherein he professed willingly if the Papists would lay down King-killing and some other gross errors he would be content to meet them half way So that every one grounded his hopes or his fears upon the shallows of his own fancy not knowng yet what course the King would steer But these sores being tenderly dealt with did not suddenly fester but were skinned over The King desirous of the Title Pacificus did not only close with his own Subjects but healed up also that old wound that had bled long in the sides of England and Spain both being weary of the pain both willing to be cured The King of Spain sent the Constable of Castile with a mighty Train of smooth-handed Spaniards to close up the wound on this side where the old Enmity being well mortified they were received with singular Respect and Civility The King of England sent his High Admiral the Earl of Notingham with as splendid a Retinue of English to close it on that Who being Personages of Quality accoutred with all Ornaments suitable were the more admired by the Spaniards for beauty and excellency by how much the Iesuits had made impressions in the vulgar opinion That since the English left the Roman Religion they were transformed into strange horrid shapes with Heads and Tails like Beasts and Monsters So easie it is for those Iuglers when they have once bound up the Conscience to tye up the Vnderstanding also EARL OF NOTTINGHAM GEORGE CAREW EARL OF TOTNES And to satisfie the Kings desires about an Vnion betwixt England and Scotland the Parliament made an Act to authorise certain Commissioners viz. Thomas Lord Ellesmere Lord Chancellor of England Thomas Earl of Dorset Lord Treasurer of England Charles Earl of Notingham Lord High Admiral of England Henry Earl of Southampton William Earl of Pembroke Henry Earl of Northampton Richard Bishop of London Tobie Bishop of Duresme Anthony Bishop of Saint Davids Robert Lord Cecil Principal Secretary Edward Lord Zouch Lord President of Wales William Lord Mounteagle Ralph Lord Eure Edmund Lord Sheffeild Lord President of the Council in the North Lords of the Higher House of Parliament And Thomas Lord Clinton Robert Lord Buckhurst Sir Francis Hastings Knight Sir Iohn Stanhope Knight Vice-Chamberlain to his Majesty Sir Iohn Herbert Knight second Secretary to his Majesty Sir George Carew Knight Vice-Chamberlain to the Queen Sir Thomas Strickland Knight Sir Edward Stafford Knight Sir Henry Nevill of Berk-shire Knight Sir Richard Bukley Knight Sir Henry Billingsley Knight Sir Daniel Dun Knight Dean of the Arches Sir Edward Hobby Knight Sir Iohn Savile Knight Sir Robert Wroth Knight Sir Thomas Chaloner Knight Sir Robert Maunsel Knight Sir Thomas Ridgeway Knight Sir Thomas Holcroft Knight Sir Thomas Hesketh Knight Atturney of the Court of Wards Sir Francis Bacon Knight Sir Lawrence Tanfield Knight Serjeant at Law Sir Henry Hubberd Knight Serjeant at Law Sir Iohn Bennet Doctor of the Laws Sir Henry Withrington Sir Ralph Grey and Sir Thomas Lake Knights Robert Askwith Thomas Iames and Henry Chapman Merchants Knights Citizens and Burgesses of the House of Commons or any eight of the said Lords and twenty of the said Commons Which Commissioners shall have power to assemble meet treat and consult with certain select Commissioners to be nominated and authorised by Authority of the Parliament of Scotland concerning such Matters Causes and things as they in their Wisdoms shall think and deem convenient and necessary for the honour of the King and common good of both Kingdoms Yet the good intentions of this Vnion took no effect as will follow in the sequel of this History But there were a great many good Laws made which are too voluminous for this place having a proper Sphere of their own to move in Thus the King sate triumphing as it were upon a Throne of his Peoples Affections and his beginnings had some settlement for being loth to be troubled he sought Peace every-where But our inbred distempers lay upon the Lee intermixt with other gross dregs that the Princes lenity and the Peoples luxury produced For the King minding his sports many riotous demeanours crept into the Kingdom the Sun-shine of Peace being apt for such a production upon the slime of the late War The Sword and Buckler trade being now out of date one corruption producing another the City of London being always a fit Receptacle for such whose prodigalities and wastes made them Instruments of Debaucheries divers Sects of vitious Persons going under the
further witnesses So that except they proceed to this Naturalization these Realms will be in continual danger to divide and break again Next they shew the Benefits to be Security and Greatness Surety by stopping up the Postern-gates of our Enemies so that we shall not be so much a temptation to the ambition of Foreigners when their Approaches and Avenues are taken away For having so little success when they had these advantages they will have less comfort when they want them And Greatness by this Vnion must needs follow For having so many Iron-handed men in these three Kingdoms we shall not only pluck Gold from the once poor Spaniards Indian-mines but by our Arms keep in awe the whole Christian World These Arguments prest with gilded Oratory by the Solicitor and his partakers could not prevail though urged with all the power Wit could invent or Hope aim at For being new budded in Court he was one of those that smoothed his way to a full ripeness by liquâ—rish and pleasing passages which he at last attained to being made Lord Chancellor of England But such sweets though delightful at present breed rottenness in the end for he withered and came to nothing as in due time shall be expressed But the King like a great Sea being troubled when such cross-winds are boistrous sent for both Houses of Parliament to White-hall hall the last of March 1607. to calm them where betwixt a Sun-shine of fair Words and a Cloud of Anger he colours over some of the Arguments that had been used and urges others for his best advantage with a plain natural bluntness fit for Kings He tells them the Vnion he desires is of Laws and Persons such a Naturalizing as may make one Body of both Kingdoms that as there is but Vnus Rex so there may be but Vnus Grex Vna Lex His intention is not as some idly alledg to give England the labour and sweat and Scotland the fruit and sweet vainly talking of transplanting Trees out of barren ground into better and lean Cattle out of bad pasture into a more fertile soyl Can any man displant them unless they will Or is Scotland so strong to pull them out of their houses Whereas the waste grounds in Scotland would rather be planted by Swarms of People that cumber the Streets here First He desires that all Hostile Laws should cease being the King of England cannot make War with the King of Scotland Secondly That there should be Community of Commerce he being no Stranger but descended of their ancient Kings and how can he be Natural Liege-Lord to both and they Strangers to one another And shall they that be under the same Allegiance be no freer nor have no better Respect than Frenchmen and Spaniards Thirdly They all agree they are no Aliens and yet will not allow them to be Natural That he was informed by their own Iudges and Lawyers at his first access to the Crown that there was a difference between the Ante and Post-nati of each Kingdom which caused him to publish a Proclamation that the Post-nati were Naturalized by his accession but he confesses Iudges may err so may the Lawyer 's on their side Therefore he admonishes them to beware to disgrace either his Proclamations or the Iudges for so they may disgrace both their King and Laws who have power when the Parliament is ended to try them both for Lands and Lives And for some of them who with their flattering speeches would have the Ante-nati preferred alledging their merit in my service such Discourses have mel in ore fel in corde carrying an outward appearance of love to the Vnion but a contrary resolution in their hearts For the King would have them know it lies within the compass of his Prerogative to prefer whom he pleases to any Dignity Civil or Ecclesiastical But he is so far from prejudicing the English that he is willing to bind himself to reasonable Restrictions Besides it is a special Point of the Kings Prerogative to make Aliens Citizens and in any case wherein the Law is thought not to be clear Rex est Iudex for he is Lex loquens supplying the Law where it wants But this he speaks as knowing what belongs to a King not intending to press it further than may agree with their loves and stand with the conveniency of both Nations The inconveniences supposed to arise from Scotland are pretended to be 1. An evil affection in the Scots to the Vnion 2. That the Vnion is incompetible 3. That the Gain is small or none If this be so Why is there talk of an Vnion For the first They alledg the averseness of the Scots from the Preface and Body of their Act where they decare they will remain an absolute and free Monarchy and not alter the Fundamental Laws of the Kingdom And yet in the beginning of this Session of Parliament the opinion was current that Scotland was greedy of this Vnion and pursued it with so much violence that they cared not for the strictness of the Conditions so they might attain the substance and end And yet they now say they are backwards which is a Contradiction for how can they both beg and deny the same thing at one and the same time And by preserving their Fundamental Laws they mean those Laws by which Confusion is avoided and their Kings Succession and Monarchy maintained To which he Declares That he is in descent three hundred years before Christ not meaning as they do their Common Law for the Scots have no Law but that which is Ius Regis And for their desire of continuing a free Monarchy he hopes they mean not he should set Garrisons over them as the Spaniards do over Sicily and Naples And then he tells them That he governs Scotland with his Pen he writes and doth more by a Clerk of the Council than others could do by the Sword And though he knows there are many seditious Persons in that Kingdom that may talk lewdly enough yet none of them ever spake dishonourably of England as they have done of Scotland For if any man speaks any thing uncomely there the Chancellor by his Authority interrupts him but here they have freedom to speak what they list and as long as they list without contradiction Then the King shews what the Laws of Scotland are 1. Those which concern Tenures Wards Liveries Signiories and Lands are drawn out of the Chancery of England brought by Iames the First who was bred up here and differ only in terms The second are Statute Laws to which he hopes they will be no Strangers The third is the Civil Law brought out of France by Iames the Fifth and serve only to supply in such Cases where the Municipal Laws are defective So that he hopes it is no hard matter to unite the People together who are in effect already subject to the same Law And whereas it is Objected that the King of Scotland hath not
a Negative Voice in Parliament but must pass the Laws agreed on by the Lords and Commons He assures them that the form of Parliament there is nothing inclined to Popularity For about twenty days before the Parliament begins Proclamation is made throughout the Kingdom that all Bills to be exhibited that Session be delivered to the Master of the Rolls by a certain day Then they are brought to the King perused and considered by him and only such as he allows are put into the Chancellors hand to be propounded that Parliament and no other And if any man speak of any other Matter than is in this Form first allowed by him the Chancellor tells him that there is no such Bill allowed by the King And when they are past for Laws he ratifies and confirms them first racing out what he doth not approve of And if this be to be called a Negative Voice in Parliament then he hath one For the Vnion betwixt the French and the Scots which makes this Vnion so incompetible he assures them it was a League only made between the Kings not the People For Scotland being solicited by England and France at one Time for a League Offensive and Defensive against each others Enemies There was a great Disputation maintained in favour of England that they being our Neighbours joyned in one Continent a strong and Powerful Nation it would be more Security to the State of Scotland to joyn in Amity with England than with France divided by the Sea where they must abide the hazard of wind and weather and other Accidents that might hinder relief But on the contrary it was alledged in the favour of France That England ever sought to conquer Scotland and therefore there would never be kept any sound Amity Whereas France lying more remote claimed no interest and therefore would be found a more constant and faithful Friend so it was concluded on their Part. But by the Tenour it was ordered to be renewed and confirmed from King to King successively by the mediation of their Ambassadors and therefore merely personal And so it was renewed in the Queen his Mothers time but not by assent in Parliament which it could not have wanted if it had been a League of the People And in the Kings Time when it came to be ratified because it appeared to be in Odium Tertii it was by him left un-renewed in consideration of his Title to the Crown MARIA IACOBI SCOTORVM REGIS FILIA SCOTORVMQVE NVNC REGINA HONORATISS DNê° THOMAS EGERTONUS BARO DE ELLESMER ANGLIAE CANCELLAriê° This urged with asseveration might have wrought much with the Parliament but that they apprehended a great inconvenience in such an Vnion where the Laws and Government are of different natures All were not Romans that were born subjects to the Roman Empire though St. Paul was born one the Centurion was a purchaser For notwithstanding all the former Arguments by the King and his Ministers the Parliament knew that it is true That if Scotland had been Conquered the only way to tie them to obedience were to let them taste the sweets of English Liberties But to let them sit Triumphing upon their own priviledges and roam about among the English Freedoms were to make them straggle too much The Scots would not lessen nor in the least derogate from the dignity of their long continued Monarchy and the English thought they had no reason to come to them to derogate from themselves The Parliament only feared the Kings Power would have such an influence upon the Iudges of the Kingdom that the Scots would be naturalized too soon they were resolved not to be accessary to it which indeed some two years after was confirmed in Calvins case of post-nati reported by the Lord Chief Justice Cook who was fit metal for any stamp Royal and adjudged by him the Lord Chancellor Ellesmere and most of the Judges of the Kingdom in the Exchequer-Chamber though many strong and valid Arguments were brought against it such Power is in the breath of Kings and such soft stuff are Judges made of that they can vary their Precedents and model them into as many shapes as they please And thus this Case stood like a Statue cloathed by the Lord Chief Justice in the vulgar Language when the rest of his Reports spoke an unknown Tongue that the Kingdom might take more particular notice that the Scots were as free in England as themselves yet it fell not out to their wishes But all that could be gotten from the Parliament was That the Laws of hostility that were anciently made betwixt England and Scotland were repealed that the old grudges which caused the Dis-union the War in the members might be taken away And in the said Act they provided That if a natural born subject of England did commit any misdemeanour in Scotland and sly into England he should be tried where he was taken and not carried into Scotland to receive his judgment there Till such time which are the very words of the Act as both Kingdoms shall be made one in Laws and Government which is the thing so much desired as that wherein the full perfection of the blessed Vnion already begun in the Kings Royal person consisteth And further they went not For they found and feared the old enmity would yet a while continue for since the Kings coming into England the loose and uncomposed Borderers that lived upon rapine and spoil seeking new benefits from new changes had broke out and committed many insolencies who though they were suppressed by the Forces of Barwick and Carlile and many of them suffered in it yet custom and habit had bred in them a natural Ferity which could only be restrained by giving freedom to the Laws that within a short time gave bound to that barbarous animosity The Laws made in Scotland to the prejudice of the English were likewise repealed there so that all passages were made smooth on both sides This Session also produced divers good Laws for the benefit of the Common-wealth But this Session brought in no money that is as the blood of the Subject which He as a wise Physician would not strain from them the ordinary way lest the sense of it should bring the more fears and faintings with it but by laying on little Burthens at first he not only inured them to bear greater but made them sweat out some of that humor insensibly though they felt it afterward when they found the weight laid upon their shoulders only as they conceived to daub other mens with bravery For the Kings Bounty was seen by the vulgar eye to overflow in many little Rivulets who knew the golden streams that out-faced the Sun came not from the Norths cold climate but were drained out of the fountains of their labor They could not endure to see their fellow Subjects grow fat by what should be their nourishment Collecting that the King had received three hundred and fifty thousand
tidings and setled us in the fruition of all good things He whose depth of Knowledge as well as Conscience deserves the Title of Fidei defensor whose numerous Issue makes Foreign Princes study to keep their own not look abroad He that hath shut the back-door of the Kingdom and placed two Lions a red and a yellow to secure it who would have us live under our own Olive that we may laetari benefacere That none will wonder at the Want or startle at the supply but such as study to serve their own turns and believe nothing but what they find written in the stories of their own ignorance Among which those are to be reckon'd who hearing of an Order to bind up the printed Proclamations in a book that the better notice may be taken of the things contained in them have raised a bruit that it was intended this Parliament to make Proclamations equal to the Laws which never entred into the Kings heart who is so far from governing by will and power that he will yield to any motion from them wherein they shall hold a just Diameter and proportion among themselves and observe those Duties due to a great and gracious King Thus these Lords did please themselves and the King by striving to keep the people in the milky way of Obedience which they had long suckt in and found the sweet of it tending to nourishment not yet meeting any Callous or Brawny-constitution which must harden them by degrees nor yet finding their own Tempers grown Robust enough by so harsh a diet as afterwards they met with They therefore are willing to go on in the way pointed out to them as Pupils follow their Masters minding rather the smoothness of the Tract they saw than the roughness of the end Yet some of them whose hopes were not so high mounted and their spirits more spoke plainly That the whole wealth of England would not serve the Kings vast Bounty therefore it was a vain thing to give him that would give it away again That Gold and Silver in Edenburgh now in our Solomons time are like the stones in the streets never so much glittering there like a perpetual spring-time Besides they look upon the Kings incroachments upon the publick liberty by undermining the Laws taking notice of some expressions that fell from him publickly at his dinner in derogation of the Common Law extolling highly the Civil Law before it and approving a Book lately written by Doctor Cowell a Civilian against it Which netled our great Lawyers that had not some of them been raised so high that they could not with that Court-gag look downwards it had bred a contest The High-Commission also began now to swell into a Grievance which the Parliament complained of Seldom is Authority and Power exercised with Moderation Every man must conform to the Episcopal way and quit his hold in Opinion or safety That Court was the Touch stone to try whether men were metal for their stamp and if they were not soft enough to take such impressions as were put upon them they were made malleable there or else they could not pass current This was the beginning of that mischief which when it came to a full ripeness made such a bloody Tincture in both Kingdoms as never will be got out of the Bishops Lawn sleeves And though these Apples of strife thrown in the way did a little retard the course in hand yet they carried not the prize For the King according to his old wont like a cunning Hunter when they began to run counter called them off and at White-hall by one of his Lectures he strives to bring them into the way again By laying himself open as in a Glass wherein if they could not see his heart they might scent out his meaning and so follow the chace which was to be pursued He tells them though the Kings heart be in the hands of the Lord yet he will set it before the eyes of the people Assuring them that he never meant to govern by any Law but the Law of the Land though it be disputed among them as if he had an intention to alter the Law and govern by the absolute Power of a King He knew said he the Power of Kings resembling it to the Power Divine For as God can create and destroy make and unmake at his pleasure so Kings can give life and death judg all and be judged of none They can exalt low things and abase high things making the subjects like men at Chess a pawn to take a Bishop or a Knight But he left out the power of a Pawn to take a Queen or check a King And when he had raised the Kings power to the height with Vos dii estis he brings them down again with They shall die like men And that all Kings who are not Tyrants or perjur'd will bound themselves within the limits of their Laws and they that perswade them the contrary are Vipers and Pests both against them and the Common-wealth Yet as it is Blasphemy to dispute what God may do so it is Sedition in Subjects to dispute what a King may do in the height of his power And as he will not have his subjects discourse of what he may do so he will do nothing but what shall be consonant to Law and Reason Then he strives to mitigate the sharpness of the words dropt from him at his Table to the disparagement of the Common Law and assures them though he likes the Civil Law very well as being Lex Gentium which maintains intercourse with foreign Nations and sitted to the Ecclesiastical Courts Court of Admiralty and Courts of Request yet he is so far from disavowing the Common Law that he protests if he were to chuse a new Law for this Kingdom he would prefer it before any other National Law yea the Law of Moses nay without blasphemy the very Law of God Then he recalls himself and tells them That though for this Nation he had preferred the Common Law to the Law of God yet it is inferiour to the Iudicial Law For no Book or Law is free from corruption but the Book and Law of God And therefore he could wish that three things specially were purged out of Common Law First That it were written in the vulgar Tongue and made plain to the peoples understanding that they might know what to obey that the Lawyers in the Law like the Romish Priests in the Gospel might not keep the people in ignorance Secondly That the Common Law might have a setled Text in all Cases for being grounded upon old Customs Reports and Cases of former Iudges called Responsa prudentum which are not binding for divers times Iudges disclaim them and recede from the Iudgment of their Predecessors it were good upon mature deliberation that the Exposition of the Law were set down by Act of Parliament that the people might know what to depend upon Thirdly There is in
that came out of Germany with the prince Elector that must see the Glory of the English Court which was presented with so much eminency in gorgeous Apparel that the precedent mourning was but as a sable foyl the better to illustrute it The Prince Elector Palatine and Maurice Prince of Orange were made Knights of the Garter Lodowick Count of Orange being Maurice's Deputy and Prince Maurice took it as a great honour to be admitted into the fraternity of that Order and wore it constantly Till afterwards some Villains at the Hague that met the Reward of their Demerit one of them a French man being Groom of the Princes Chamber robbed a Ieweller of Amsterdam that brought Iewels to the Prince this Groom tempting him into his Chamber to see some Iewelr and there with his Confederates they strangled the man with one of the Princes blew Ribonds which being after discovered the Prince would never suffer so fatal an Instrument to come about his Neck In February following the Prince Palatine and that lovely Princess the Lady Elizabeth were married on Bishop Valentines Day in all the Pomp and Glory that so much Grandure could express Her Vestments were white the Emblem of Innocency her hair dishevil'd hanging down her back at length an Ornament of Virginity a Crown of pure Gold upon her head the Cognizance of Majesty being all over beset with pretious gems shining like a Constellation her Train supported by twelve young Ladies in white Garments so adorned with Iewels that her Passage looked like a milky way She was led to Church by her Brother Prince Charles and the Earl of Northampton the Young Batchelor on the right hand and the Old on the left And while the Arch-Bishop of Canterbury was solemnizing the Marriage some eruscations and lightnings of joy appeared in her Countenance that expressed more than an ordinary smile being almost elated to a laughter which could not clear the Air of her Fate but was rather a fore-runner of more sad and dire Events Which shews how slippery Nature is to tole us along to those things that bring danger yea sometimes destruction with them She returned from the Chappel between the Duke of Lenox and the Earl of Notingham Lord High Admiral two married Men. The Feastings Maskings and other Royal Formalities were as troublesome 't is presum'd to the Lovers as the Relation of them here may be to the Readers For such splendor and gayety are fitter to appear in Princes Courts than in Histories GUILIELMUS LUDOVIC COMES A NASSAU CATZENELNB VIANDEN ET DIE But tired with Feasting and Jollity about the middle of April when the beauties of the Spring were enticing enough to beguile the tediousness of the way the Prince Elector willing to review and the Princess to see what she was to injoy After all the caresses and sweet embraces that could be between the King Queen and Princes that were to be separated so long and at such a distance And after all the Shews Pastimes Fire-works and other Artifices that could be devised and manifested they parted at Rochester The Lord Admiral being ready with a Royal Navy in the Downs for their passage and conduct The season smiled on them and they arrived the nine and twentieth of the Moneth in Flushing The Duke of Lenox the Earl of Arundel the Viscount Lisle and the Lord Harington with divers Ladies and persons of Quality attended them to Heydelburgh Their entertainment was great and magnificent in the Low-Countries not only suitable to the Persons but the place from whence they came The English having been ever a Bulwark to the Netherlands and now they were in full peace with Spain which gave the better rellish to their Banquetings And in every eminent Town in Germany as they passed they found that welcom which prolonged their time but made their travel the less so that with much ado they reached Heydelburgh And after some time spent there to see the beauties and delights of that Court and Country which were extended and put forth to the uttermost the Nobility and Ladies of England returned home only they left the Lord Harington behind them who dyed by the way A Gentleman much lamented in his own person but much more in his Sons who not long after survived him with whom were buried not only those excellent indowments that make Noble-men great indeed but the memory of a noble Posterity which makes them little or indeed nothing at all HENRY HOWARD End of Northampton From an Original Picture in the Collection of Mr. Harding The liuely Portraiture of the worthy Knight Sir William Wadd late Lieutenant of the Tower c. About the same time the King thinking fit to send an Ambassador into Flanders to the Arch-Duke some say into France the Viscount recommended Sir Thomas Overbury to the King for that Service extolling his abilities and fitness for the same publickly that more notice might be taken of the affront and the King made choice of him for that Imployment Which done the Viscount under the shadow of friendship imparts to Overbury what intentions the King had towards him but he thought it would not be so convenient for him to accept of it because he should not only lose his converse and company by such an alienation which he highly valued but many a fair opportunity of improving his respects to him in some better way of advancement Overbury had not been so little a Courtier or a man of so mean Reason but that he was sensible what displeasure he should pull upon himself by refusing the Kings Commands And therefore he told the Viscount that betwixt the Kings favours and his friendship he had a great conflict in his spirit being willing to retain both but how he should refuse the Kings commands with safety he knew not But the Viscount with fair promises prevailed with him to set up his rest at home upon higher expectations such a sweet bait is Ambition protesting to take off the asperity of the Kings anger from him and smooth his way so as should be for his better advantage When he had wrought Overbury in this forge he goes to the King and blows the fire incensing him with all the aggravations he could so that the poor Gentleman for his contempt was forthwith committed to the Tower And to prepare all things for his reception there Sir William Wade the late Lieutenant was removed and Sir Iervis Ellowis a Person more ambitious than indigent having made his way by money the common merit was admitted to the place Now the Countess like another Alecto drove furiously her Chariot having two wheels which ran over all impediments One was to sue a Divorce betwixt her and her Husband that she might marry the Viscount The other was to take away Overbury the blemish in her Eye and that laid such a stain upon her that nothing but his blood could expiate For these she hath several Engins the one must be
place in Court or dignity in State to be bestowed which was not sweetned with his smile that gave it or their bounty that injoyed it so that it was thought he ingrossed a mass of Coin as if his soul intended to take her ease This Pride and Covetousness added to his other miscarriages such a number of Vnderminers that he stood upon a tottering foundation having no support but the Kings favour which whether by Providence from above or purposes below both ever concurring from the Will to the Means was soon removed For about this time the King cast his eye upon a young Gentleman so rarely moulded that he meant to make him a Master-piece His name was George Villers he was second Son to Sir George Villers a Knight of Leicester-shire by a second Venter For the old man coming to Colehorton in that County to visit his Kinswoman the Lady Beaumont found a young Gentlewoman of that name allyed and yet a servant to the Lady who being of a handsom presence and countenance took his affections and he married her This was the soil where the glorious Cedar grew who having only the breeding and portion of a younger Brother with the Mothers help and travel got the addition of a French garb which brought him to the Court in no greater a condition than fifty pounds a year is able to maintain The King strucken with this new object would not expose him to so much hazard as the malice of a jealous Competitor nor him self to so much censure as to be thought changeable and taken again with a sudden affection therefore he instructs some of his Confidents to bring him in by degrees who intimated the Kings pleasure to him that he should wait Cup bearer at large being so at too strait a distance of place to have any mark of favour for suspition to level at And if the King had not received a new Impression thus the old Character of Somerset that was imprinted in his soul could not so soon as many men thought have been blotted out But Courts that are the wisest though not the most vertuous Schools do teach their Scholars to observe the Seasons and by the Astronomy of the Princes eye to calculate what Fortune such Aspects and such Conjunctions may happily produce And they found so much as gave them incouragement to hear and boldness to discover that which pulled down the one and set up the other But Somerset that had the pulse of his Conscience always beating at Overburies door was as active to preserve himself as his Enemies were to ruin him and finding himself shaking though there was nothing yet laid to his Charge but the imbezelling some of the Crown Iewels he throws himself at the Kings feet acknowledging the great Trust his Majesty had reposed in him and the weight of business lying on him might make him incounter him with some miscarriages through youth and ignorance great imployments often meeting with envy that jossels them in the way he therefore humbly besought his Majesty to grant him a general Pardon for what was past that he might not be exposed to the malice of those that would wrest all his Actions to the worst meaning The King that raised this fair Edifice being loth to have it quite pulled down again gave order for the drawing up of a general Pardon in so ample and full a manner that it might rather exceed than take rise from any former precedent This the King signed and sent to the Great Seal But the Queen having notice of it and using her Power with the Lord Chancellor gave stop to the Seal till the Kings coming to Town who was on his Progress in the West and then what was mutter'd in corners before rung openly in the Streets For the Apothecaries boy that gave Sir Thomas Overbury the Glister falling sick at Flushing revealed the whole matter which Sir Ralph Winwood by his Correspondents had a full Relation of and a small breach being made his Enemies like the noise of many Waters rise up against him following the Stream VERA EFFIG REVERâ—â—â—… DOMINI IOHANÌ„IS KING EPISCOPI LONDINâ—… Lo here his shade whose substaÌ„ce is divine Like God in all that may his Angell fitt Whose light before men like a lampe doth shyne The Oyle of Grace and learning feeding it Yet like a lampe that others light doth gieve Still wast's the Oyle by which him self doth lieve See thy true shadowe Nature and suppose How much thy Substance is belov'd of Harts O Cunning if thy Mirror could diclose His heavenly Formes of Zeale Religion Arts This picture might exactllie shewe in Hym. Each vertue done to Life for each dead Lym. For a little before this Weston was taken and examined but like a stubborn piece unmoulded for impression nothing could be drawn from him but God by the means and persuasion of the Bishop of London Doctor King a man eminent for piety in his time so wrought upon his heart that the eye of his soul being opened to the foulness of his sin he discovered all so that the whole Confederacy were laid hold on Who falling into the hands of the Lord Chief Justice Cook a Spirit of a fiery exhalation as subtil as active he left no stone unturned till he had ript up the very foundation But in the mean time between Westons standing mute and his Trial one Lumsden a Scotchman took upon him to make a false and libellous Relation of the business and delivers it to Henry Gib of the Bed-Chamber to be put into the Kings hand in which Writing he falsifies and perverts all that was done the first day of Westons Arraignment turning the edg of his imputations upon the Lord Chief Justice Cook which Bolt was boldly shot by him but it was thought not to come out of his own Quiver and it lighted into an ill hand for him for the King discovered it and left him an open Mark to that Iustice he had traduced Weston was the first that suffered by the hand of the Law which Sir Iohn Hollis after Earl of Clare out of friendship to Somerset and Sir Iohn Wentworth a Person debauched and riotous hoping from the beams of of Somersets favour to increase his wanting fortunes strove to blast in the spring for they rod to Tyburn and urged him at his Execution to deny all hoping that way to prevent the Autumn that followed but Westons Soul being prepared for Death resisted their temptations sealing penitently the Truth of his Confession with his last And this attempt of Hollu Wentworth and Lumsden to pervert Iustice being aggravated against them in the Star-Chamber by the Kings Atturney Sir Francis Bacon they were sentenced there and found the reward of their Presumption Mistris Turner followed next A Pattern of Pride and Lust who having always given a loose Rein to her life she ran this carreer at last into the jaws of death Sir Iervis Ellowis Lieutenant of the Tower
easily committed and concealed It is an offence that is Tanquam sagitta nocte volans it is the Arrow that flies by night it discerns not whom it hits for many times the poyson is laid for one and another takes it As in Sanders case where the poysoned Apple was laid for the Mother and the Child eat it And so in that notorious Case whereupon the Statute of 22 Hen. 8. cap. 9. was made where the intent being but to poyson one or two poyson was put in a little Vessel of Barm that stood in the Kitchen at the Bishop of Rochesters house of which Barm Pottage or Grewel was made wherewith seventeen of the Bishops Family were poysoned nay divers of the poor that came to the Bishops-gate and had the Pottage in Alms were likewise poysoned Here is great talk of Impoysonment I hope I am safe I have no enemies nor any thing men can long for that is all one for he may sit at the Table by one for whom poyson is prepared and have a drench of his Cup or of his Pottage and so as the Poet saith Concidit infelix alieno vulnere he may die another mans death and therefore it was most gravely judiciously and properly provided by that Statute that Impoysonment should be High-Treason because whatsoever offence tendeth to the utter subversion and dissolution of Human Society is in the nature of High-Treason But it is an offence that I may truly say of it Non est nostri generis nec sanguinis It is thanks be to God rare in the Isle of Britain It is neither of our Country nor of our Church You may find it in Rome and Italy there is a Religion for it if it should come among us it were better living in a Wilderness than in a Court. For the particular fact upon Overbury I knew the Gentleman it is true his mind was great but it moved not in any great good order yet certainly it did commonly fly at good things and the greatest fault that ever I heard by him was That he made his Friend his Idol But take him as he was the Kings Prisoner in the Tower and then see how the Case stands In that place the State is as it were a Respondent to make good the Body of the Prisoner and if any thing happen to him there it may though not in this Case yet in some others make an aspersion and reflexion upon the State it self For the person is utterly void of his own defence his own care and providence can serve him to nothing He is in the custody and preservation of Law and we have a Maxim in our Law that when a State is in preservation of Law nothing can destroy it or hurt it and God forbid but the like should be in Persons and therefore this was a circumstance of great aggravation Lastly To have a man chased to death in a manner as it appears now by matter of Record for other privacy of Cause I know not by poyson after poyson First Rosaker then Arsnick then Mercury sublimate then sublimate again it is a thing would astonish mans nature to hear it The Poets feign that the Furies had Whips and that they were corded with poysoned Snakes and a man would think that this subject were the very Case To have a man tied to a post and to scourge him to death with Serpents for so truly may diversity of poysons be termed It pleased my Lord Chief Justice to let me know that which I heard with great comfort which was the charge that his Majesty gave to himself and the rest of the Commissioners in this Case worthy to be written in Letters of Gold That the business should be carried without touch to any that was innocent not only without impeachment but without aspersion which was a most Noble and Princely caution for mens Reputations are tender things and ought to be like Christs Coat without seam And it was more to be respected in this Case because it met with two great Persons A Nobleman that his Majesty had favoured and advanced and his Lady being of a great and Honourable House though I think it be true that the Writers say that there is no Pomegranate so fair or so sound but may have a perished Kernel Nay I see plainly in those excellent Papers of his Majesties own hand-writing as so many beams of Iustice issuing from that Vertue which so much doth shine in him the business so evenly carried without prejudice whether it were a true Accusation on the one part or a practice or false Accusation on the other as shewed plainly that his Majesties judgment was Tanquam tabula rasa as a clean pair of Tables and his ears Tanquam janua aperta as a gate not side open but wide open to the Truth as it should be discovered And I may truly affirm that there was never in this Kingdom nor in any other the blood of a private Gentleman vindicated Cum tanto motu Regni or to say better Cum tanto plausu Regni If it had concerned the King or Prince there could not have been greater or better Commissioners The term hath been almost turned into a Iustium or Vacancy the people being more willing to be lookers on in this business than proceeders in their own There hath been no care of discovery omitted no moment of time lost and therefore I will conclude with the saying of Solomon this part of my Speech Gloria Deicelare rem and gloria Regis scrutari rem It is the glory of God to conceal a thing and it is the glory of the King to find it out And his Majesties honor is the greater for that he shewed to the World this business as it hath relation to my Lord of Somerset whose Case in no sort I do fore-judg being ignorant of the secrets of the cause but take him as the Law takes him hitherto for a suspect I say the King hath to his great honor shewed That were any man in such a case of blood as the Signet of his right-hand as the Scripture saith he would put him off Now will I come to the particular Charge of these Gentlemen And first I will by way of Narrative relate the Fact with the occasion of it This wretched man Weston who was the Actor or Mechanical party in this Impoysonment the first day being indicted by a very substantial Iury of selected Citizens to the number of nineteen who found Billa vera yet nevertheless at the first stood mute But after some days intermission it pleased God to cast out the Dumb Devil and he put himself upon his Trial and was by a Iury of great value upon his own Confessions and other testimonies found guilty So as thirty and one sufficient Iurors have past upon him and he had also his Judgment and Execution awarded After this being in preparation for another World he sent for Sir Overbury's Father and falling down upon his knees with great remorse
and compunction asked him forgiveness and afterwards again of his own motion desired to have his like prayer of forgiveness recommended to his Mother who was absent And at both times out of the abundance of his heart confessed that he was to die justly and that he was worthy of death And after again at his Execution which is a kind of sealing time of Confessions even at the point of death though there were Tempers about him he did again confirm publickly that his Examinations were true and that he had been justly and honourably dealt with So here is a period of this man which was the subject of this calumny or affront of Iustice. Wherein Mr. Lumsden plays his part first who in the time between Westons standing mute and his Tryal frames a most odious and libellous Relation containing as many untruths as lines sets it down in writing with his own hand and delivers it to one of the Bedchamber to be put into the Kings hands falsifying all that was done the first day of Westons Arraignment turning the pike and point of his imputations upon the Lord Chief Justice of England whose name thus occurring I cannot pass by and yet I cannot skill of this same Flattery or vulgar Attribute but this I will say of him and I would say as much to Ages That never mans person and his place were better met in a business than my Lord Cook and my Lord Chief Iustice in the Cause of Overbury Now for the person of Master Lumsden I know he is a Scotch Gentleman and thereby more ignorant of our Laws but I cannot tell whether this doth extenuate his fault or increase it for as it may extenuate it in respect of ignorance so it doth aggravate it much in respect of presumption to meddle in that he understood not unless some other mans cunning wrought upon this mans boldness The infusion of a slander into a Kings ear is of all forms of Libels and Slanders the worst It is true that Kings may keep secret their information and then no man can enquire after them while they are shrined in their Breast but where a King is pleased that a man shall answer for his false information divers precedents of slanderous Petitions have been as severly punished as slanderous Libels For the Offence of Sir Iohn Wentworth and Sir Iohn Hollis which was to scandalize the Iustice already past or to cut off the thread of something that is to come these two Gentlemen came mounted on Horseback and in a ruffling and facing manner presumed to Examin Weston whether he did poyson Overbury or no directly cross to that which had been tried and judged For what was the Point tried That Weston had poysoned Overbury And Sir Wentworth's question was whether he did poyson him A direct Contradictory Whereupon Weston answered that he did him wrong and turning to the Sheriff said You promised me I should not be troubled at this time and yet nevertheless Wentworth prest him to answer that he might pray with him l know not that Sir Iohn Wentworth is an Ecclesiastick that he should cut any man from communion of Prayer and for all this vexing of the spirit of a poor man now in the gate of death Weston stood constant and said I die not unworthily my Lord Chief Iustice hath my mind under his hand and he is an honourable and just Iudg. Sir Iohn Hollis was not so much a Questionist but wrought upon the other Questions and like a Counsellor wisht him to discharge his Conscience and to satisfie the World What World I marvel It was the World at Tyburn For the World at Guildhall and the World at London were satisfied before Teste the Bels that rang every where But men have got a fashion now a-days that two or three busie bodies will take upon them the name of the World and broach their own conceit as if it were a general opinion Well what more When they could not work upon Weston Sir Iohn Hollis in an indignation turned about his horse as the other was turning to his death and said he was sorry of such a Conclusion That was to have the State honoured or justified Sir Iohn Hollis offence hath another Appendix before this in time which was at the day of the Tryal He presumed to give his Verdict openly That if he were of the Iury he would not doubt what to do Marry he saith he cannot well tell whether he spoke this before the Iury had given up their Verdict or after Wherein there is little gained for whether he were a Praejuror or a Postjuror the one was to prejudice the Iury the other was to attaint them The offence of these Gentlemen is greater and more dangerous than is conceived We have no Spanish Inquisition no Iustice in a corner no gagging of mens mouths at their death but they may speak freely to the last but then it must come from the free motion of the party not by tempting of Questions The Questions that are asked ought to tend to further revealing of their own or others guiltiness But to use a Question in the nature of a cross interrogatory to falsifie that which is Res judicata is intolerable That were to erect a Court or Commission of review at Tyburn against the Court of Westminster For if the Answer be according to the Judgment past it adds credit to Iustice if it be contrary it derogateth nothing yet it subjecteth the Majesty of Iustice to a popular vulgar talk and opinion My Lords these are great and dangerous offences for if we do not maintain Iustice Iustice will not maintain us Then the Examinations being read and further aggravated against these three Gentlemen there passed Judgment upon them of Fine and lmprisonment Sir Thomas Monson another of the Countesses Agents in this poysoning contrivance had past one days Tryal at Guildhall But the Lord Chief Justice Cook in his Rhetorical Flourishes at his Arraignment vented some expressions which he either deduced from Northamptons assuring the Lieutenant of the Tower that the making away of Sir Thomas Overbury would be acceptable to the King or from some other secret hint received as if he could discover more than the death of a private person intimating though not plainly that Overburies untimely remove had something in it of retaliation as if he had been guilty of the same Crime against Prince Henry blessing himself with admiration at the horror of such actions In which he flew so high a pitch that he was taken down by a Court Lure Sir Thomas Monsons Tryal laid aside and he soon after set at liberty and the Lord Chief Justices wings were clipt for it ever after And it was rumor'd that the King heightned to so much passion by this eruption of Sir Edward Cooks went to the Council Table and kneeling down there desired God to lay a Curse upon him and his posterity for ever if he were consenting to Overburies death But this
cannot be asserted being above our Sphere yet as Mathematicians do propose to themselves imaginary Circles for the several motions in the Heavens and though there be none discovered yet they find the effects of what they apprehend So the sudden stopping of Monsons Tryal put strange imaginations into mens heads and those seconded by Reports too high for private discovery their operation only falling under the common notion But the Lord Chief Justice was blamed for flying out of his way that having enough to prosecute the business he would grasp after more till he lost all For this Crime was thought second to none but the Gunpowder-plot that would have blown up all indeed at a blow a merciful cruelty this would have done the same by degrees a lingring but as sure a way one by one might have been culled out till all opposers had been removed Besides the other Plot was scandalous to Rome making Popery odious this was scandalous to the Gospel ever since the first Nullity The Devil could not have invented a more mischievous practice to Church and State William Seymour Marquis and Earle of Hartford and Baron Beauchamp GRAUE PONDUS ILLA MAXIMA NOBILITAS PREMIT Anno 1619. And now the Temples of Ianus being shut Warlike Abilliaments grew rusty and Bellona put on Masking-attire for Scotland bought her Peace at a good rate and Ireland found the fruits of hers growing up to her hand Those Irish that had great Estates though rude enough the King suppled and tamed with Honours and they that had little were content calmly to suck in what they had and battel'd by it so that they wanted nothing but moderation to make them happy These Halcion days shined round about us The influence of our Kings peaceable mind had almost an universal operation Spains ambition was contented to be bounded by the Pirene Hills and the Atlantick Ocean sucking in the fruits of Italy and Sicily and hoarding up the Treasures of the Indies willingly singing a Requiem to the Netherlands France wanting Exercise surfeited with diseases at home which by fits broke out into Tumors among themselves The Germans swelled into a Dropsie of Voluptuousness by Plenty and the sweets of Peace Politick Bodies are like Natural Full feeding contracts gross humors which will have vent Only such Exercise as may refine and keep the spirits active and digest the grosser and fulginous matter strengthens the Nerves of a Kingdom or Republick Nothing now but bravery and feasting the Parents of Debauchery and Riot flourished among us There is no Theam for History when men spill more drink than blood when plots and contrivances for Lust acted in dark corners are more practised than Stratagems in War and when the Stages with silken Pageants and Poppets that slacken the sinews are more frequented than those Theaters of Honor where Industry brawns and hardens the Arms Peace is a great Blessing if it bring not a Curse with it but War is more happy in its effects than it especially if it takes away the distemper that grows by long surfets without destroying the Body But since these buskind ornaments are wanting we must imbellish our Discourses with such passages as paced up and down in the sock of Peace There had been in Prince Henries time a Treaty of Marriage betwixt him and a Daughter of Spain which took no effect Our King was real in his intentions not willing to have his Sons Beams to display themselves but in a Royal Horizon The Spanish policy clouded the business with delays whether from the old grudg that was betwixt Queen Katharine and Henry the eighth or the difference between the Nations in Religion But the Spanish Courtesie being loth directly and point blank to tell our King he liked not the Conjunction went with a slow-paced Gravity such as he thought befitted the Civility of Princes and gave a little light to hope that it might be accomplished But Salisbury and others that managed those great affairs then did at this chink discover that their formalities were but Spanish Complements which like the air that gave them being soon vanished away After this our Kings thoughts cast about how he might provide a fit match for Prince Charles who shined in the same sphere of Honor that his Brother left for a better but not so much inlightned with the peoples love being less active and splendid and that I may not call it sullenness more reserved The German Dames were discoursed on where his Sister shined in her Glory as being of the same Religion and more suitable in Christian Policy but they were in a manner Subjects to the Emperor and that would give an allay to the Super-elementary extraction of Kings which should be of a higher Origine to amuse and that they might be the more admired by their people and therefore not so fitting in State-Policy And seeing there were small hopes expected from Spain a Daughter to Henry the great late King of France was aimed at and Sir Thomas Edmonds our Kings Lieger Ambassador had long before this time made his little addresses superficially and founded the Chanel but he met some Rocks and Remoras in the way so that he could not discover clearly their intentions and the King was loth to express himself plainly lest he should receive an affront And now sending as he thought it civilly necessary an Extraordinary Ambassador to congratulate the King of France his Marriage with Anna the Infanta of Spain he thought it good policy to take this occasion to make a stricter scrutiny whether there were any ground to rest upon for matching his Son And who is fitter for that employment being only for Courtship and Bravery than the Lord Hayes a Gentleman whose Composition of mind tended that way He was born in Scotland where bravery was in no superfluity bred up in France where he could not have it in extravagancy but he found it in England and made it his vanity The King had a large hand and he had a large heart and though he were no great Favourite ever yet he was never but in favour He with a great Train of young Noblemen and other Courtiers of eminency suited themselves with all those ornaments that could give lustre to so dazelling an appearance as Love and the Congratulation of it carried with it All the study was who should be most glorious and he had the happiest fancy whose invention could express something Novel neat and unusual that others might admire So that Huntingtons Prophecy was fulfilled here when speaking of the time of the Scots Conquest of England he said Multimoda variatione vestium indumentorum designaretur I remember I saw one of the Lord Ambassadors Suits and pardon me that I take notice of such petty things the Cloak and Hose were made of very fine white Beaver imbroidered richly all over with Gold and Silver the Cloak almost to the Cape within and without having no lining but imbroidery The
Doublet was Cloth of Gold imbroidered so thick that it could not be discerned and a white Beaver-hat suitable Brim-full of imbroidery both above and below This is presented as an Essay for one of the meanest he wore so that if this Relation should last longer than his old cloaths the Reader might well think it a Romance favouring rather of Fancy than Reality But this kind of Vanity had been long active in England For the last Parliament it was moved by some well-affected to Reformation of the Abuses of excess in Apparel that there might be a Regulation of this kind of Gallantry to the distinguishing of men one from another For it was said some of means Fortunes wore Garments fitter for Princes than Subjects and many Gentry of antient descent had wasted and impoverished themselves and their Posterities with this extravagancy so that it was very requisite to give some stop to this redundant humor To which was answered That if those of mean Fortunes went so richly attired and came not honestly by their ornaments they would be quickly found out and there were good Laws enough for such Transgressors But as there is no perpetuity of Being on Earth so there is a continual vicissitude and revolution in all sublunary things some are advanced and some decline God pulleth down one and setteth up another If any Noble or antiently descended Family will be so mad and foolish to beggar themselves and their Posterities with this or any other excess 't is very probable that some man of more wisdom and merit will injoy that which the other hath so idlely and prodigally mispent for to set such limitations will damp the spirits of Industry So the motion was declined But to return to the Lord Hayes Thus accoutred and accomplished he went into France and a day for Audience being prefixed all the argument and dispute betwixt him and his gallant Train which took up some time was how they should go to the Court Coaches like Curtains would eclipse their splendor riding on horsback in Boots would make them look like Travellers not Courtiers and not having all Foot-cloaths it would be an unsuitable mixture Those that brought rich trappings for their Horses were willing to have them seen so it was concluded for the Foot-cloth and those that have none to their bitter cost must furnish themselves This preparation begot expectation and that filled all the Windows Balcones and Streets of Paris as they passed with a multitude of Spectators Six Trumpeters and two Marshals in Tawny Velvet Liveries compleatly Suited laced all over with Gold richly and closely laid led the way the Ambassador followed with a great Train of Pages and Footmen in the same rich Livery incircling his Horse and the rest of his Retinue according to their Qualities and Degrees in as much bravery as they could devise or procure followed in couples to the wonderment of the beholders And some said how truly I cannot assert the Ambassadors Horse was shod with Silver-shooes lightly tackt on and when he came to a place where Persons or Beauties of eminency were his very Horse prancing and curveting in humble reverence flung his shooes away which the greedy understanders scrambled for and he was content to be gazed on and admired till a Farrier or rather the Argentier in one of his rich Liveries among his train of Footmen out of a Tawny Velvet bag took others and tackt them on which lasted till he came to the next troop of Grandies And thus with much ado he reached the Louure All Complements and outward Ceremonies of State being performed the Lord Ambassador made his business known by more private addresses which in appearance was well resented but indeed not intended and came to no effect For the Duke of Savoy had anticipated the young Ladies affection for the Prince of Pâ—emont his Son The Savoyan Agents bringing more Gold in their hands than on their backs had so smoothed the way that not only those about the Princess but the great ones themselves were made workers for him After the Ambassador had been feasted magnificently with all his gallant Train in several places to shew the Grandure of France he came over into England and practised it here making many times upon several occasions such stupendious Feasts and heaped Banquets as if all the Creatures had contributed to his excess I know not what limits or bounds are set to the glories of Princes Courts or Nobles minds We see the Sea it self and all his tributary Rivers do ebb and flow but if they swell so high to overflow that Bank that Reason hath prescribed to keep them in what Inundations of sad mischief follow Experience shews CHRISTINE DE FRANCE DVCHESSE DE SAVOYE Balt. Moncornet ex CAROLVS EMANVEL DVC DE SAVOYE ET PRINCE DE PIEDMONT Therefore to humble him more he is brought on his knees at the Council Table and three other Ingredients added to the Dose of a more active operation First He is charged That when he was the Kings Attorney in the beginning of his Reign he concealed a Statute of twelve thousand pounds due to the King from the late Lord Chancellor Hatton wherein he deceived the trust reposed in him Secondly That he uttered words of very high contempt as he sate in the seat of Iustice saying the Common Law of England would be overthrown and the light of it obscured reflecting upon the King And thirdly His uncivil and indiscreet carriage before His Majesty being assisted by his Privy Council and Judges in the Case of Commendams The last he contest and humbly craved his Majesties Pardon The other two he palliated with some colourable excuses which were not so well set off but they left such a tincture behind that he was commanded to a private life And to expiate the Kings anger he was injoyned in that leisurely retirement to review his Books of Reports which the King was informed had many extravagant opinions published for positive and good Law which must be corrected and brought to his Majesty to be perused But the Title of the Books wherein he stiles himself Lord Chief Iustice of England was to be expunged being but Lord Chief Iustice of the Kings Bench. And at his departure from the Council Table where he humbly acknowledged his Majesties mercy and their Lordships justice the Lord Treasurer gave him a wipe for suffering his Coachman to ride bare before him in the streets which fault he strove to cover by telling his Lordship his Coachman did it for his own ease But not long after the Lord Treasurer came under his lash in the Star-Chamber and he requited him for it Vera Effigies Viri clariss EDOARDI COKE Equitis aurati nuper Capitalis Iusticiarij ad Placita coram Rege tenenda assignati R White sculpsit Truly he was a Man of excellent parts but not without his frailties for as he was a Storehouse and Magazine of the Common Law for the present times
and laid such Foundation for the future that Posterity may for ever build on So his passions and pride so were predominant that boyling over he lost by them much of his own fulness which extinguished not only the valuation but respect to his merit So often is that heat that gives life to noble Parts by a circular motion the ruin of them Yet to cool his distemper and to bring him to himself he is within a short time called to the Council Table the King being loth to lose his abilities The Lord Chancellor Ellesmer also about this time weary of his publick imployment and weakned with age desired the Kings leave to retire that he might make use of the short time left him to cast up his accounts for another World The King gave the Seal and the place of Lord Chancellor to Sir Francis Bacon his Attorney Ceneral and the old Lord Ellesmer wore out the remnant of his life in quiet dying in a good old age and full of virtuous fame leaving a Noble Posterity who enjoy a great Estate with the Title of Earl of Bridgwater Time and Age had also worn out Sir Ralph Winwood the Kings able faithful and honest Servant and Secretary who dying Sir Robert Nanton and Sir George Calvert were made Secretaries men of contrary Religions and Factions as they were then stiled Calvert being an Hispaniolized Papist the King matching them together like contrary Elements to find a medium betwixt them But the greatest remove was the Lord Treasurers staff which was broken by Somersets fall the way being now made plain and laid open that discovered the Treasurers imperfections and his Wives corruptions The Lady keeping the Shop and Sir Iohn Binglie her Officer crying What d' ye lack as the new Lord Chancellor Bacon was pleased to express himself in the Star-Chamber whither the business being brought the sore was open'd and all the bad humours flow to the ill-affected part Bribery and Extortion is the matter that appears which is squeez'd out and aggravated by Sir Edward Cook newly perkt up such is the Worlds bucket who very learnedly cited many Precedents of Treasurers in former Kings Reigns that miscarried and their several punishments He begins with Randulphus de Britton Treasurer to King Henry the third who had mis-imployed the Kings Treasure deceived the King in his Office for which he was questioned his Lands and Goods seized into the Kings hands and sent prisoner to the Tower where he submitted himself to the King confest his fault gave up his place pro Gratia habenda saith the Record obtained Restitution of his Goods and Lands paying only three thousand pounds Fine This was a piece of Wisdom saith he as well as Humility alluding to the present Lord Treasurers stout heart that would not submit The second was Petrus de Rivallis who was Treasurer of Ireland and Chamberlain of England in Edward the firsts time who had taken Bribes in his Office Tam de Religiosis quam de Laicis Of which being convicted he lost his place and was put to his Fine and Ransom And in the same Kings Reign The Abbot of Westminster and his virtuous Monks took out of the Kings Treasure at Westminster many thousand pounds Ad inastimabile damnum Regis Regni The Abbot being sent to the Tower and the Monks disposed to several prisons and notwithstanding they pleaded Priviledg of Clergy-men for their Tryal yet in the Case of imbezelling the Kings Treasure they had no Priviledg but the Temporalities of the Abby were seized for satisfaction In King Edward the seconds time Walter de Langton a Bishop was Treasurer to the King He did take of the Earl of Montealto to be a friend to him in agendis negotiis versus dominum Regem a hundred pounds the said Earl being a prisoner to let him go free to do his business And this was given as the Record speaks De spontanea voluntate for a Gratuity ex curialitate sua for his courtesie yet this was adjudged Extortion and Bribery Again Iohn de Engam was indicted of Trespass by this Bishop for the Mannor of Fisbie whereunto the King pretended Title and was by the Bishop imprisoned for the Trespass But afterwards another Mannor was conveyed to this Bishop ob diversas curialitates for courtesies that he had done and so Engam was discharged of his Indictment and though that the Bishop pleaded that Voluntas Regis potius ad imprisonamentam quam ad sinem because it was the Kings pleasure rather to punish by Imprisonment than Fine yet this was adjudged Bribery Again the Bayliff of Oxford was committed for Arrerages of a hundred pounds in his Account and thereupon the Mannor of Calcot was conveyed unto the Bishop and the Bishop of his pure devotion did discharge him of that Imprisonment But these were Pleas and Flourishes of guilty men as the Record saith but they were all three judged Extortion and Bribery and for these the Bishop was put from his place fined and committed to the Tower William Lord Latimer in Edward the thirds time being appointed to pay the Kings debts did buy in some of them at lower rates than was due as eighty pounds for a hundred and thirty pounds for forty By which course he made the King a Bankrupt Compounder and for this he was fined and lost all his Offices In like case was the Lord Nevil who was trusted to pay the Army but he bought the debt of them and justified that they gave him the remainder of their free gift but for this he was fined and committed to the Tower These and many other precedents and examples armed with Authority and Antiquity were mustered up and the Lord Treasurers miscarriages exasperated especially for embezelling those Moneys the King lately received of the State of the Netherlands for the redemption of the cautionary Towns Flushing and Brill which the King was forced to relinquish again to the States because he had no money to pay the Soldiers there and that money being designed for the lrish Army which was also in great Want it was thought the more heinous and a double miscarriage being it was so dearly bought and so unduly spent But the Earl himself being a man of a noble disposition though too indulgent to his too active Wife had retained the Kings favour if he had taken Sir Edward Cooks counsel and submitted and not strove to justifie his own integrity which he maintained with a great deal of confidence till it was too late for then his submission did him little good But his Wives faults being imputed to him he was fined thirty thousand pounds and imprisonment in the Tower Sir Iohn Bingly fined two thousand pounds and imprisonment in the Fleet For it was thought the Lord and Lady could not have found the way into these obscure low and dark contrivances without the light of his help Which Sentence was pronounced by the Lord Chancellor Bacon who though he
were of transcendent parts yet was he tainted with the same infection and not many years after perished in his own corruption which shews That neither Example nor Precept he having seen so many and been made capable of so much can be a Pilot sufficient to any Port of Happiness though Reason be never so able to direct if Grace doth not give the gate But the King more to exalt Iustice and to shew the people his high abilities came in Iune this year to the Star-Chamber where in a long and well-weighed Discourse he turns over the volume of his mind that the World might read his excellent parts in lively characters He told the Lords he came thither in imitation of Henry the seventh his great Predecessor and the reason he came no sooner was that he resolved with Pythagoras for seven years to keep silence and learn the Laws of the Kingdom before he would teach others and the other seven years he was studying to find an occasion to come that might not be with prejudice For in his own cause he could not come in a great cause betwixt man and man it might be thought some particular favour brought him thither and in a small Cause it was not fit for him to come but now he had so much to say in relation to good Government that he could no longer forbear First He charges himself Secondly The judges Thirdly The Auditory in general In his own Charge he lays a foundation for raising a most excellent structure in Government wherein he was a Master-workman and had a most admirable Theory and full abilities to put it in practice and happily the bent of his intentions tended that way though it had for the most part a loose strong And to that which concerned the Judges he not only reckons up their Duties in their publick Relation but shews them the Iurisdiction and power of their several Courts how far every one did extend to which he would have them limited that they might not clash and contest one against another to shake the Basis on which they were built but that there might be a harmony and sweet concordance among them Expressing himself with such Elegance and Prudence that the most studious Lawyer whose design had been to imbellish a Discourse fitting for the ears of his Prince could not have gone beyond what he exprest to his People so strong and retentive was his judgment and memory so natural and genuine that which came from them that it did emanare flow from him to the admiration of the hearers To the people in general and under-Officers he gave an admonition to submit to the Law and Justice of the Land and not to go upon new Puritan strains such was his expression to make all things popular but to keep themselves within the antient limits of Obedience For he feared Innovation as a Monster got loose which should be always kept in such a Labyrinth as none should come at but by the Clew of Reason Then he commands the Judges in their Circuits to take notice of those Justices of the Peace that were most active for the good of the Country that they might have incouragement from him For to use his own words I value them that serve me faithfully there equally with those that attend my person Therefore let none be ashamed of this Office or be discouraged in being a Justice of the Peace if he serve worthily in it The Chancellor under me makes Justices and puts them out but neither I nor he can tell what they are therefore we must be informed by you Judges who can only tell who do well and who do ill without which how can the good be cherished and the rest put out the good Justices are careful to attend the service of the King and Country the bad are idle slow-bellies that abide always at home given to a life of ease and delight liker Ladies than Men and think it is enough to contemplate Justice when as Virtusin actione consistet contemplative Justice is no Justice and contemplative Justices are fit to be put out Another sort of Justices are Busie-bodies and will have all men dance after their Pipe and follow their Greatness or else will not be content A sort of men Qui se primos omnium esse putant nec sunt tamen These proud spirits must know that the Country is ordained to follow God and the King and not them Another sort are they that go seldom to the Kings service but when it is to help some of their Kindred or Alliance so they come to help ther Friends or hurt their Enemies making Jugice serve for a shadow to Faction and tumultuating the Country Another sort are Gentlemen of great worth in their own conceit and cannot be content with the present form of Government but must have a kind of liberty in the people and must be gracious Lords and Redeemers of their Liberty and in every cause that concerns Prerogative give a snatch against Monarchy through their Puritanical itching after Popularity some of them have shewed themselves too bold of late in the lower House of Parliament And when all is done if there were not a King they would be less cared for than other men So wise the Kings fears made him and so wary to prevent the popular violence And even in these Infant-times the contention doth appear which afterward got more strength when by his power he had gained in every County such as he made subservient to his will For as the King strove to loosen the Piles and Banks of the peoples liberties so the people strove to bound and keep off the Inundation of his Prerogative Then he takes notice of the swarms of Gentry that through the instigation of their Wives or to new model and fashion their Daughters who if they were unmarried mar'd their Marriages if married lost their Reputations and rob their husbands purses did neglect their Country Hospitality and cumber the City a general Nuisance to the Kingdom being as the spleen to the Body which as in measure it over-grows the Body wasts and seeing a Proclamation will not keep them at home he requires that the power of the Star-chamber may not only regulate them but the exorbitancy of the new buildings about the City which he still much repined at being a shelter for them where they spent their Estates in Coaches Lacquies and fine Cloaths like French-men living miserably in their houses like Italians becoming Apes to other Nations Whereas it was the honour of the English Nobility and Gentry above all Countries in the World to be hospitable among their Tenants Which they may the better do by the fertility and abundance of all things Thus the King pried into every miscarriage being willing to reform these then growing abuses But among all the heights of Reason that the spirit of man doth actuate and give life to the highest and most transcendent is that of Religion which
teach us how to steer our brittle Bark in this Worlds Tempest that we bear not too much sail but keep a moderate and even course betwixt the rocks of pride and shallows of contempt both which are equally dangerous Our King dedicated this Summer to the Northern Climate it is now fourteen years Revolution since the beams of Majesty appeared in Scotland He begins his Journey with the Spring warming the Country as he went with the Glories of the Court Taking such Recreations by the way as might best beguile the days and cut them shorter but lengthen the nights contrary to the Seasons For what with Hawking Hunting and Horse-racing the days quickly ran away and the nights with Feasting Masking and Dancing were the more extended And the King had fit Instruments for these Sports about his Person as Sir George Goring Sir Edward Zouch Sir Iohn Finnit and others that could fit and obtemperate the Kings Humour For he loved such Representations and Disguises in their Maskaradoeâ— as were witty and sudden the more ridiculous the more pleasant Edward Somerset Earl of Worcester But among all the Dances that these Times were guilty of none of the Maskaradoes presented so horrid a Vizard as the Churchmans For some of the Bishops pretending Recreations and liberty to servants and the common people of which they carved to themselves too much already procured the King to put out a Book to permit dancing about May-poles Church-ales and such debauched Exercises upon the Sabbath day after Evening Prayer being a specious way to make the King and them acceptable to the Rout which Book came out with a command injoyning all Ministers to read it to their Parishioners and to approve of it and those that did not were brought into the High Commission imprisoned and suspended This Book being only a trap to catch some conscientious men that they could not otherwise with all their cunning insnare For they would preach the Gospel in a Fools-coat as some of them exprest rather than be silenced for a Surplis And their Conjuring of them with the Cross in Baptism and the Circle of the Ring in Marriage could not make a well-composed Reason and a sound Conscience then start at it But when so frightful an Apparition as the dancing Book appeared some of the Ministers left all for fear others by force they were so terrified with it These and such like Machinations of the Bishops to maintain their Temporal Greatness Ease and Plenty made the stones in the Walls of their Palaces and the beam in the timber afterwards cry out moulder away and come to nothing Whereas if those in most Authority had not been so pragmatical but holy prudent and godly men as some others of the Function were their light might have shined still upon the Mount and not have gone out as it did offensive to the nostrils of the rubbish of the people The King in his return from Scotland made his Progress through the Hunting-countries his Hounds and Hunters meeting him Sherwood-Forrest Need wood and all the Parks and Forrests in his way were ransacked for his Recreation And every night begat a new day of delight till he brought Holyrood-day not Holyrood-house to White-hall This new incroachment upon the Sabbath gave both King and people more liberty to prophane the day with authority For if the Court were to remove on Monday the Kings Carriages must go out the day before All times were alike and the Court being to remove to Theobalds the next day the Carriages went through the City of London on the Sabbath with a great deal of clatter and noise in the time of Divine service The Lord Mayor hearing of it commanded them to be stopt and this carried the Officers of the Carriages with a great deal of violence to the Court and the business being presented to the King with as much asperity as men in authority crossed in their humors could express it It put the King into a great Rage Swearing he thought there had been no more Kings in England but himself yet after he was a little cooled he sent a Warrant to the Lord Mayor commanding him to let them pass which he obeyed with this Answer while it was in my power I did my duty but that being taken away by a higher power it is my duty to obey Which the King upon second thoughts took well and thanked him for it As Prophaneness crept in on one side so did Idolatry and Superstition on the other for there was more enmity against Ministers of the Gospel than Popish Priests they swarmed over the Kingdom working miraculous Projects in every corner One pack of them got into Stafford-shire among some of the Giffords in that County Gentlemen of good Estates where they practised their Artifices to seduce the people There must be a Ground-work Estates to keep them being like the Gout never troubling the poor and then there must be materials Correspondents to act for them Holiness and Piety must be confirmed by Miracle and these Miracles must be visible to the Peoples eyes that they may convey belief better to the heart If the Priests be holy and can subdue Satan the Religion they profess must be heavenly that triumphs over principalities and powers and spiritual wickedness bringing all to obedience These are finesses and subtilties of Mastring Wits calling them Piae Fraudes godly deceits Worms to bring Fish to the Net and this kind of frippery they are ever fraught with For about this time there was a Boy born at Bilson in that County whose father mother neighbours and many other people with admiration did absolutely think possest with a Devil for he had strange sudden violent distorting fits that appeared to all the beholders contrary to Nature and being not full fifteen years old it could not be imagined that any thing of Impostory could result from him and therefore the same of it was the more remarkable The Iesuits that are the best Physicians in such Distempers hearing of it visited the Boy prayed by him and used such other Charms and Exorcisms as are fit to make them to be admired giving his Parents good hope of dispossessing him of that foul spirit by which might palpably be discerned how much Gods power was exprest in their weakness and difference the truth and holiness betwixt the Catholick Religion and the Heresie professed among Protestants So that they that heard them as many resorted to the place must needs take them for very holy men by whom such Wonders were to be accomplished The Iesuits visited him often sometimes in private sometimes in Company but this kind of Spirit would not be commanded by them so that they grew almost desperate of the Cure The Boy in his fits would rave against an old woman dwelling near to his Father intimating by signs and ghastly behaviour that she had sent a Spirit to torment him and in plain terms when he was out of his fits
and a Faction in the State The first Author of the Schism was Arminius of the Faction Barnevelt Persons of great parts and power though of different natures The one had been Divinity-Professor at Leyden the other the Manager of all the great affairs of the State Distempers in Kingdoms and States are like madness in bodies which doth not break out till some accident doth stir the humor Arminius dyed just upon the beginning of the Treaty which was in the year 1609. Leaving behind him the seeds of this Pelagian Heresie which though it were cherished much by some in whose bosomes he had sown it yet happily it might never have taken root had not Peace and Ease manured it and made it fruitful The Mysteries of Predestination and the ineffable Essence of God Quaetremenda admiranda sunt sed non scrutanda to use our King 's own words which are to be trembled at and admired not pried into are the great Theme Such intuitions are too high for flesh and blood Yet what will not Pragmatical spirits do when they proudly look into Divine things with the Eye of Reason not humbly with the Eye of Faith Rombout Hogerbeets pensionaris der Stad Leyden But long before this time our King saw the Storm coming upon them For in the year 1611 he forewarns the State telling them that by the unhappy succession of two such Prodigies in one Sphere as Arminius and Vorstius some dreadful mischief would succeed For Arminius was no sooner dead but those that drew on the Design had an eye on Vorstius his Disciple to make him Divinity-Professor in his place which the King hearing of and having read some of Vorstius blasphemous Writings sends to his then Ambassador Sir Ralph Winwood Resident there to let the State know that Vorstius rather deserved punishment than promotion that the head of such a Viper should be trod upon and crushed that was likely to eat his way through the bowels of the State And if they nevertheless would persist to prefer him he would make known to the World publickly in Print how much he detested such abominable Heresies and all allowers and tolerators of them The Ambassador urging the King's desires they returned a long Answer in justification of Vorstius First That the Curators of the University of Leyden according to their duty and the ancient custom ever since the foundation of that University having diligently made inquiry for some Doctor to be chosen in the place of Divinity-Professor there at that time void after mature deliberation they made election of Conradus Vorstius to that place Which Election and Calling was countermined presently after by certain persons to whose Office or Disposal the business did nothing at all belong who charged the said Vorstius with unsoundness of Doctrine whereupon the Curators thought fit with the good liking of Vorstius himself that both at Leyden and at the Hague he should appear in his own justification to answer all Accusers which he did and there came none to charge him But not long after six Ministers undertook to prove That Vorstius had published false Doctrine who being heard in a full Assembly of the States of Holland and Westfrizeland they could by their Arguments find no reason why the Execution of what was done by the Curators lawfully ought to be hindred or impeached And they do assuredly believe that if his Majesty of Great Britain were well informed of the true Circumstances of this business he would according to his high wisdom and prudence conceive favourably of them they proceeding in this business with all reverence care and respect to his Majestie 's serious admonition Dated at the Hague 1 Octob. 1611. The King seeing which way the States went by the print of the footing that Vorstius had set among them caused his Books publickly to be burned in Paul's Church-yard and both the Universities And not giving it over writes to them again to be mindful of the glory of God and not suffer such scan dalous members to remain in the body of the true Reformed Church that maintain such execrable Blasphemies as to deny the Eternity and Omnipotency of God Therefore he desires them so much to mind the glory of God and their own honour and safety as to extirpate such Atheisms and Heresies But if they suffer such pestilent Hereticks to nestle among them who dare take upon them the licentious liberty to fetch again from Hell ancient Heresies long since condemned and invent new ones of their own to the depravation of the true Catholick Church he should be constrained publickly to protest against them Dated at Theobalds 6 Octob. 1611. Sir Ralph Winwood represented this Letter to the States and finding them cold and backward in proceeding any further against Vorstius according to the King's Directions to him he made this Remonstrance to them My Lords JACOBUS ARMINIUS S. S. TH. DOCT. ET PROFESS NATUS OUDEWATRIAE MDLX DENAT LUGD. BATAV MDCIX AETAT XLIX Qui nunc per altas aurei caeli domos Regnat beatus et suo junctus Deo Humana celsus spernit ac nescit simul Sic. Hospes ora magnus ARMINIUS tulit Caelare mores atque dotes ingeni Doctumque pectus quod fuit sed heu Fuit Manus nequivit artifax et quid manus Effere cum non lingua non stylus queant These are in part the opinions of that great Divine who is chosen to domineer in the Chair at Leyden In opposition whereunto I mean not to say any thing but that which the Roman Orator did once pronounce in the like Case Mala est impia consuetudo contra Deum disputandi sive serio id fit sive simulaté It is an evil and wicked Custom to dispute against God whether it be in earnest or in jest Now my Lords I address my self unto you and according to the Charge which I have received from the King my Master I conjure you by the amity that is betwixt his Kingdoms and your Provinces to awaken your Spirits and to have a careful eye at this Assembly of Holland which is already begun ne quid Respublica detrimenti capiat that the Commonwealth take no harm which undoubtedly at one time or other will be turned upside down if you suffer such a dangerous Contagion to harbour so near you and not remove it as soon as possibly you may The Disciples of Socinus with whose Doctrine Vorstius hath been suckled in his Childhood do seek him for their Master and are ready to embrace him Let him go he is a Bird of their own feather Et dignum sanè patellâ operculum A fit Cover for such a Dish On the other side the Students in Divinity at Leyden to the number of six and fifty by a dutiful Remonstrance presented unto the States of Holland the sixteenth of October the last year being 1610. did most humbly beseech the said States not to use their authority in compelling them to receive a Professor
who both by the attestations of the Divinity-Colleges at Basil and Heydelberg as also by manifest evidence out of his own Writings is convinced of a number of manifest Heresies These Reasons therefore namely the many enormous and horrible Heresies maintained by him the Instance of his Majesty grounded upon the welfare and honour of this Country the Requests either of all or of the most part of your Provinces the Petitions of all the Ministers excepting those only which are of Arminius's Sect should methinks prevail so far with my Lords the States of Holland as they will at the last apply themselves to the performance of that which both the sincerity of Religion and the service of their Country requireth at their hands Furthermore I have Commandment from his Majesty to move you in his name to set down some certain Reglement in matters of Religion throughout your Provinces that this licentious Freedom of Disputation may be restrained which breeds factions and part-takings and that you would absolutely take away the Liberty of Prophesying which Vorstius doth so much recommend unto you in the Dedicatory Epistle of his Anti-Bellarmine the book whereof his Patrons do boast so much And his Majesty doth exhort you seeing you have heretofore taken Arms for the Liberty of your Consciences and have endured a violent and bloody War the space of forty years for the Profession of the Gospel that now having gotten the upper hand of your miseries you would not suffer the Followers of Arminius to make your actions an example for them to proclaim throughout the World that wicked Doctrine of the Apostacy of the Saints The account which his Majesty doth make of your amity appears sufficiently by the Treaties which he made with your Lordships by the succours which your Provinces have received from his Crowns by the deluge of blood which his Subjects have spent in your Wars Religion is the only solder of this Amity For his Majesty being by the grace of God Defender of the Faith doth hold himself obliged to defend all those who prosess the same Faith and Religion with him But if once your zeal begins to grow cold therein his Majesty will then straightways imagin that your friendship towards him and his Subjects will likewise freeze by little and little The Right Honourable Sr. RALPH WINWOOD Kn. t This was the effect of Sir Winwood's Remonstrance to which after six weeks delay he received this cold and ambiguous Answer THat the States General had deliberated upon his Majestie 's Proposition and Letter dated the 6 Oct. 1611. and do give him humble Thanks for the continuance of his Royal affection towards the welfare of their Country and preservation of Religion And that they had entred into Consultation concerning the Articles charged against Vorstius and the Curators of Leyden did thereupon make an Order provisional that Vorstius should not be admitted to the Exercise of his Place but remain in Leyden only as an Inhabitant and Citizen And in case Vorstius should not be able to clear himself from those Accusations which were laid to his Charge at or before the next Assembly which was to be holden in Feb. following that then they would decide the Matter with good contentment to his Majesty But this Answer still savouring of delays could not in effect be esteemed less than an absolute refusal to yield to the King's desires besides the specious Separation of Vortius as a Citizen was only to satisfie the King at present for he after notwithstanding exercised his Place of Professor Whereupon Sir Ralph Winwood knowing the King's mind made this Protestation in their Publick Assembly My Lords THere is not any one of you I suppose in this Assembly that will not acknowledge the brotherly love wherewith the King my Master hath always affected the good of your Provinces and the fatherly care which he hath ever had to procure the establishment of your State In which respect his Majesty having understood that Vorstius was elected Divinity-Professor of Leyden a Person attainted by many Witnesses Iuris facti of a number of Heresies is therewith exceedingly offended And for the timely prevention of an infinite of evils did give me in charge to exhort you which I did the 21 of September last to wash your hands from that Man and not suffer him to come within your Country To this Exhortation your Answer was That all due observance and regard should be had unto his Majesty But his Majesty hath received so little respect herein that instead of debarring Vorstius from coming into the Country which even by the Laws of Friendship his Majesty might have required the Proceedings have been clean contrary for he is permitted to come to Leyden hath been received there with all honour taken up his habitation treated and lodged in the quality of a publick Professor His Majesty perceiving his first motion had so little prevailed writ a Letter to you to the same purpose full of zeal and affection persuading you by many Reasons not to stain your own honor and the honor of the Reformed Churches by calling unto you that wretched and wicked Atheist These Letters were presented to this Assembly the fifth of November last at which time by his Majesties command I used some speech my self to the same effect Some six weeks after I received an answer but so confused ambiguous and impertinent that I have reason to conceive there is no meaning at all to send Vortius away who is at present in Leyden received acknowledged respected and treated as publick Professor whether it be to grace that University instead of the deceased Ioseph Scaliger or whether to give him means to do more mischief in secret which perhaps for shame he durst not in publick I cannot tell For these reasons according to that charge which I have received from the King my Master I do in his name and on his behalf protest in this Assembly against the wrong injury and scandal done unto the Reformed Religion by receiving and retaining Conradus Vorstius in the University of Leyden and against the violence offered unto that Alliance which is betwixt his Majesty and your Provinces which being founded upon the preservation and maintenance of the Reformed Religion you have not omitted to violate in the proceeding of this cause Of which enormous indignities committed against the Church of God and against his Majestie 's person in preferring the presence of Vorstius before his amity and alliance the King my Master holds himself bound to be sensible and if Reparation be not made and that speedily which cannot be by any other means than by sending Vorstius away his Majesty will make it appear unto the World by some Declaration which he will cause to be printed and published how much he detests the Atheisms and Heresies of Vorstius and all those that maintain favour and cherish them To this the States promised a better Answer at their next Assembly but that producing no good
the Peace of the Land and had opposed himself against the wholsom advice of divers Princes Lords and excellent Persons aswel without as within the Land and that he had injured some of their mightiest Allies by his secret practices namely by calumniating the King of Great Britain as though he had been the Author of these troubles in the Low-Countries For that he had kindled the fire of Dissention in the Provinces had raised Souldiers in the Diocess of Utrecht had disreputed his Excellency as much as lay in his power had revealed the secrets of the Council and had received Presents and Gifts from Foreign Princes Finally for that by his Machinations and Plots new States have been erected in the State new Governments against the Government and new Unions and Alliances against the ancient Union to the general perturbation as well of Policy as of Religion to the exhausting of the Treasures of the Land to the jealousie and dislike not only of the Confederates but of the Natives of the Country who by this means were brought into danger that they were like to fall into final ruine He was born in Amersford descended from the Antient Family of Olden Bernevelt in his Fortune a private Gentleman but by his Industry Travels and Studies at home and abroad he made himself capable of managing the highest affairs which he did almost for forty years together He was five times Extraordinary Ambassador into England and France had been in the Field with the Princes of Orange and the Army as one of the States thirty two several Leaguers nothing was acted without his Advice Indeed he was the Tongue and Genius of the State But whether Ambition now in his old Age mounted him to grapple with the Prince for power or whether that wild and frantick fancy that men often brand their spirits with and call it Conscience but is nothing but pertinacy in opinion impt the wings of his Affections we cannot discover being only the secret Companions of his own Breast and let them dye with him But thus he ended in the seventy first year of his Age. He lived to see that which he had so much opposed a National Synod held at Dort whither our King sent Doctor George Carlton Bishop of Landaff Doctor Ioseph Hall Dean of Worcester Doctor Iohn Davenant Professor Regius in Cambridge and Master of Queens College and Doctor Samuel Ward Regent of Sidney College in Cambridge Divines of great Reputation sound Learning and well-grounded Faith Where they met with divers Divines from Switzerland and Germany besides the Natives of the Netherlands who altogether in a full Synod quashed as much as in them lay the Arminian Opinions and though they could not utterly extirpate the roots of the Heresie yet they laid them so low that they never broke out there since into exuberant branches though some of the Fibrae the small veins left behind much tainted our Nation as shall be expressed hereafter And now the Heavens declare the Glory of God A mighty blazing Comet appears in Libra whose bearded Beams covered the Virgin Sign it began on Wednesday morning the 18th of November this year and vanished away on Wednesday the 16th of December following making in 28 days motion its Circumgiration over most Parts of the known World extending its radiant locks by the observation of Astronomers sometimes 45 Degrees in length And as our Doctor Bambridge observed towards the Declination of it about the 11th of December it past over London in the morning and so hasted more Northwards even as far as the Orcades VERA EFFIGIES R.DI IN CHRISTO PATRIS GEORGII CARLETON EPISC.PI CICESTRIENSIS GEORGIUS CARLETONVS 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Age tu solus regai cor Orbis cor Sol est regai cor tu Pateriut Sol Orbe â—at reg sui seripta meant 〈◊〉 Si cor principum 〈…〉 Anglie reite Per 〈…〉 Nunquam futilibus excanduit ignibus Aether they make not their Course in Vain These Apparitions do always portend some horrid Events here below and are Messengers of mischief to poor Mortals The Divine Wisdom pointing to us what we should do to prevent these threatned dangers that we may have our lives for a prey It appears first in Libra the Emblem of Iustice and streams over the Virgin Astrea which as the Poet saith was last of all the Virtues left the Earth Ultima Coelestum terras Astrea reliquit We must by this Admonition from Heaven learn to do justly and it is for injustice that these sad Omens threaten us What miserable Effects of War Ruine and Devastation in most parts of the known World followed at the heels of this stupendious Harbinger is obvious to all and so far as relates to us may be declared God willing in the Progress of this History but I hope the operation and power of it is almost at an end for it began in Germany took France and Spain in the way and past over England to the Orcades and so vanished as Bainbridge relates in the Description of it Fol. 7. Fulgura non semper nec semper praelia durant let 's count it almost past For War like lightning doth not always last The first remarkable Accident that happened in England after this Prodigious Forerunner was the death of Queen Anne who died of a Dropsie at Hampton-Court and thence brought to her Palace in the Strand for the more triumphant glory of her Obsequies The Common People who naturally admire their Princes placing them in a Region above ordinary Mortals thought this great Light in Heaven was sent as a Flambeau to her Funeral their dark minds not discovering while this Blaze was burning the fire of War that broke out in Bohemia wherein many thousands perished She was in her great Condition a good Woman not tempted from that height she stood on to embroyl her spirit much with things below her as some busy-bodies do only giving her self content in her own House with such Recreations as might not make Time tedious to her And though great Persons Actions are often pried into and made Envies mark yet nothing could be fixt upon her that left any great impression but that she may have engraven upon her Monument a Character of Virtue About this time Henry Earl of Northumberland who had been a Prisoner in the Tower ever since the Powder plot a long Recluse was set at liberty The Cause of his Confinement was upon a Sentence in Star-Chamber for nourishing in his House Thomas Piercy his Kinsman who was one of the Complotters of the Treason And though nothing could be proved against the Earl to endanger his life yet upon the presumpâ—â—on of his knowledge of it he was fined in thirty thousand pounds and imprisoned in the Tower He was married to Dorothy eldest Daughter to Walter Earl of Essex by whom hâ— had a Nâ—ble yet surviving Issue two Sâ—ns and tâ—o Daughters Algernon now Earl of Northumberland and Henry both in
Body of the Kingdom that they might not break out to disgrace the Physician For he looked upon himself as an able Director and yet he found he might be deceived And therefore he brings the Lords into a Wood comparatively to tell them that they appeared to him well grown and fair but searching into them he found them otherwise But he that pretended to the knowledge of all things as give him his due he was well known in most could not be ignorant that the Patents he granted were against the Liberties of the people but whether the execution of them to that extremity came within his Cognizance cannot be determined his damning of them shews his dislike at present condemning that which he knew would be done to his hand if he had not done it and this must not be known only at Westminster and left upon Record to Posterity there but he commanded his Speech to be printed that all his people might know how willing and forward he was to abolish any Act of his that tended to a grievance And though he did not accuse the Marquess of Buckingham for giving way to Informers yet he was much troubled with them till the Parliament began and in that numerous crowd those that brought profit were doubtless admitted with the first These considerations upon the King's Speech buzzed up and down and many of the Parliament men looked upon the Marquess as the first mover of this great Machine but the Wisdom of the House did not rise so high as to strike at the uppermost branches but they pruned those roundly they could reach Buckingham though he were well grown had not yet sap enough to make himself swell into exuberancy as he did afterwards nor was the peoples malice now against him so fertile as to make every little weed a dangerous and poysonous plant being subtile enough yet to crop off any that might appear venomous in relation to himself that the mischievous operations might work upon others For all the world knew Mompesson was his creature and that notwithstanding the King's Proclamation for his interception he got out of the Kingdom by his Key For Buckingham ruled as a Lord Paramount and those that complied with him found as much refuge as his power could secure unto them those that opposed him as much mischief as malice could pour upon them Sir Henry Yelverton the King's Attorney had found the effects of his Anger by not closing with his desires in such Patents as he required so that all his Actions being anatomized some miscarriages are made criminal he is committed to the Tower and another put in his place that should be more observant The King now lays upon him a Warrant Dormant which did not much startle him for he was not long after released and made a Iudge carrying with him this character of honesty That he was willing to lay down his preferment at the King's feet and be trod upon by the growing power of Buckingham rather than prosecute his Patron Somerset that had advanced him as his Predecessor Bacon had spitefully done his But whether that Dialogue betwixt Buckingham and Yelverton in the Tower mentioned in our King's Court have any thing of Truth cannot be asserted here Buckingham being not arrived yet to the Meridian height of his Greatness though the King afterwards had cause enough to be jealous of his Actions But now comes the old Iustice Sir Francis Michell to his Censure and the crime he had committed arguing a base spirit he is fitted with as suitable a punishment First he is degraded with all the ceremonies of debasement but that being most proper to his nature he was but eased of a burthen his mind suffered not but then his kecksie carkass was made to ride Renvers with his face to the horse tail with a pâ—per on his breast and back that pointed at the foulness of the cause through the whole City suffering under the scorn and contempt of Boys and rabble of the people besides the squeezing of him by fine and confinement to prison that he might never be more capable of mischief The same sentence had Sir Giles Mompesson but he was so provident as not to be found to pay it in his person though he paid it in his purse Some others also their Instruments though not so sharply dealt with had great mulcts laid upon them according to their demerit and so this Gangrene was healed up 〈…〉 QVI POSTQVAM OMNIA NATVRALIS SAPIENTIAE ET CIVILIS ARCANA EVOLVISSET NATVRAE DECRETVM EXPLEVIT COMPOSITA SOLVANTVR AN DNI M.D C. XXVI AETAT LXVI TANTI VIRI MEM THOMAS MEAVTYS SVPERSTITIS CVLTOR DEFVNCTI ADMIRATOR H. P. This poor Gentleman mounted above pity fell down below it His Tongue that was the glory of his time for Eloquence that tuned so many sweet Harrangues was like a forsaken Harp hung upon the Willows whilst the waters of affliction overflowed the banks And now his high-flying Orations are humbled to Supplications and thus he throws himself and Cause at the feet of his Iudges before he was condemned To the Right Honourable the Lords of the Parliament in the Upper House assembled The humble Submission and Supplication of the Lord Chancellor May it please your Lordships I Shall humbly crave at your hands a benign interpretation of that which I shall now write for words that come from wasted spirits and oppressed minds are more safe in being deposited to a noble construction than being circled with any reserved caution This being moved and as I hope obtained of your Lordships as a protection to all that I shall say I shall go on but with a very strange Entrance as may seem to your Lordships at first for in the midst of a State of as great affliction as I think a mortal man can endure Honour being above Life I shall begin with the professing of gladness in somethings The first is That hereafter the greatness of a Iudge or Magistrate shall be no sanctuary or protection to him against guiltiness which is the beginning of a golden work The next That after this Example it is like that Iudges will fly from any thing in the likeness of Corruption though it were at a great distance as from a Serpent Which tends to the purging of the Courts of Iustice and reducing them to their true honour and splendor And in these two Points God is my witness though it be my fortune to be the Anvil upon which these two effects are broken and wrought I take no small comfort But to pass from the motions of my heart whereof of God is my Iudge to the merits of my cause whereof your Lordships are Iudges under God and his Lieutenant I do understand there hath been heretofore expected from me some justification and therefore I have chosen one only justification instead of all others out of the justification of Iob. For after the clear submission and confession which I shall now make
pay him with his Spanish Sarcasms and Scoffs saying My Lord I wish you a good Easter And you my Lord replied the Chancellor a good Passover For he could neither close with his English Buffoonry nor his Spanish Treaty which Gondemar knew though he was so wise as publickly to oppose neither In fine he was a fit Iewel to have beautified and adorned a flourishing Kingdom if his flaws had not disgraced the lustre that should have set him off William Viscount Sayand Sealem of the Court of Wardes etc Are to be sould by Iohn Hinde In this very time of Parliament when the King carried all things with a full sail the Pilots of the Commonwealth had an eye to the dangers that lay in the way for in both Houses the King had a strong Party especially in the House of Lords All the Courtiers and most of the Bishops steer'd by his Compass and the Princes presence who was a constant Member did cast an awe among many of them yet there were some gallant Spirits that aimed at the publick Liberty more then their own interest If any thing were spoken in the House that did in the least reflect upon the Government or touch as the Courtiers thought that Noli me tangere the Prerogative those that moved in it were snapt up by them though many times they met with stout encounters at their own Weapon among which the Principal were Henry Earl of Oxford Henry Earl of Southampton Robert Earl of Essex Robert Earl of Warwick the Lord Say the Lord Spencer and divers others that supported the Old English Honour and would not let it fall to the ground Oxford was of no reputation in his youth being very debauched and riotous and having no means maintained it by fordid and unworthy ways for his Father hopeless of Heirs in discontent with his Wife squandred away a Princely Estate but when she and his great Fortune were both gone he married a young Lady of the ancient family of the Trenthams by whom he had this young Lord and two Daughters she having a fortune of her own and industry with it after her Husband's death married her Daughters into two noble Families the Earl of Mountgomery married the one and the Lord Norris after Earl of Berk-shire married the other And finding her Son hopeless let him run his swing till he grew weary of it and thinking he could not be worse in other Countries than he had been in his own she sent him to travel to try if change of Air would change his Humour He was not abroad in France and Italy above three years and the freedoms and extravagancies there that are able to betray and insnare the greatest modesties put such a Bridle upon his inordinateness that look how much before he was decried for a mean and poor spirit so much had his noble and gallant comportment there gained that he came over refined in every esteem and such a Valuation was set upon his parts and merit that he married the Lady Diana Cecil Daughter to the Earl of Exeter one of the most eminent Beauties and Fortunes of the time Southampton though he were one of the King 's Privy Councel yet was he no great Courtier Salisbury kept him at a bay pinched him so by reason of his relation to old Essex that he never flourished much in his time nor was his spirit after him so smooth shod as to go always the Court pace but that now and then he would make a Carrier that was not very acceptable to them for he carried his business closely and slily and was rather an Adviser than an Actor Essex had ever an honest Heart and though Nature had not given him Eloquence he had a strong reason that did express him better his Countenance to those that knew him not appeared somewhat stern and solemn to intimates affable and gentle to the Females obligingly courteous and though unfortunate in some yet highly respected of most happily to vindicate the Vertue of the Sex The King never affected him whether from the bent of his Natural inclination to effeminate faces or whether from that instinct or secret Prediction that Divine fate often imprints in the apprehension whereby he did fore-see in him as it were a hand raised up against his Posterity may be a Notation not a determination But the King never liked him nor could he close with the Court. Warwick though he had all those excellent indowments of Body and fortune that gives splendor to a glorious Court yet he used it but as his Recreation for his Spirit aimed at more publick adventures planting Colonies in the Western World rather than himself in the King's favour his Brother Sir Henry Rich about this time made Baâ—on of Kensington and he had been in their youths two emulous Corrivals in the publick affections the one's browness being accounted a lovely sweetness transcending most men the other 's features and pleasant aspect equalled the most beautiful Women the younger having all the Dimensions of a Courtier laid all the Stock of his Fortune upon that Soil which after some years Patience came up with increase but the Elder could not so stoop to observances and thereby became his own Supporter Saye and Seale was a seriously subtil Peece and always averse to the Court ways something out of pertinaciousness his Temper and Constitution ballancing him altogether on that Side which was contrary to the Wind so that he seldom tackt about or went upright though he kept his Course steady in his own way a long time yet it appeared afterwards when the harshness of the humour was a little allayed by the sweet Refreshments of Court favours that those stern Comportments supposed natural might be mitigated and that indomitable Spirits by gentle usage may be tamed and brought to obedience Robert Earle of Warwicke and Lord Rich of Leeze etc. Henry Earle of Holland Baron of Kensington etc. â—â—ulâ— by Ruâ—â—â—â— Pâ—ake There were many other noble Patriots concentrique with these which like Jewels should be preserved and kept in the Cabinet of every man's memory being Ornaments for Posterity to put on but their Characters would make the line too long and the Bracelet too big to adorn this Story About this time Spencer was speaking something in the House that their great Ancestors did which displeased Arundel and he cuts him off short saying My Lord when these things you speak of were doing your Ancestors were keeping sheep twitting him with his Flocks which he took delight in Spencer instantly replied When my Ancestors as you say were keeping sheep your Ancestors were plotting Treason This hit Arundel home and it grew to some heat in the House whereupon they were separated and commanded both out of the House and the Lords began to consider of the offence There was much bandying by the Court Party to excuse the Earl of Arundel but the heat and rash part of it beginning with him laying such a brand upon a
Kings shall contend for a blessing upon our endeavours and for your Majesties long and happy Reign over Us And for your Childrens children after you for many and many Generations The King hearing that the House of Commons were hammering upon this Remonstrance went to Newmarket a cold and bleak Air in as cold and bleak a season pretending his Health but indeed to be further from the sound of that noise which perpetually possessed his Ears of the discontent of the Commons for the intended Match with Spain And as the Business grew up he had intimation of it from his creatures in the House for it vext his Popish Secretary Sir George Calvert Weston and others to find the House so bitter against their Profession though they were cunning Underminers and put on a smooth face there yet they aggravated the matter to the King with all the Acrimony they could so far as to reflect upon particular persons that were the most Active instruments in it And what is there in this Remonstrance at such a time when the Protestant Religion was in danger of being extirpated that put on so horrid a Vizard as to affright or exasperate the King The Emperor had prevailed in Germany the Protestant Princes either subdued or acquiesced and laid down their necks to the Yoak The Protestants were persecuted in France besieged and ruined by the youthful fury of Lewis the 13. And notwithstanding Our King's solicitations by Sir Edward Herbert since Baron of Cherbery his Resident Ambassador there who after his conflict with Luynes the youthful Constable of France and Favourite to that King being sent for home the Viscount Doncaster was sent again into France upon one of his mediating imployments who also followed that King from Camp to City and from City to Camp with as little success this being no journey of Bravery for it almost cost him his life there by a tedious sickness Rochel and Montaban were besieged at one time this very year Rochel by the Count of Soissons and the Duke of Guise and Montaban by the King a great distance one from another but Doncaster could prevail for neither yet the French King did not do his work When man hath vented all his malice he can go no further than the line God hath set him One sad story intervenes which had a various Countenance mixt with Bravery and Baseness so that it was doubtful which was most prevalent One Hicks an English-man undertook to carry a Letter from Rochel to Montaban through both Armies to let them know the good State and Condition of the Rochellers were in maugre the fury and violence of their Enemies that those of Montaban might be encouraged to hold out against the King's assaults Hicks makes a clear passage through the Army before Rochell and came to Thoulouse where the Viscount Doncaster was there he consorted with the English insinuating with a young Gentlemen one Fairfax of that noble Family in York-shire who was for that journey one of the Lord Ambassador's Train and Hicks finding him willing being a young and gallant Spirit to see the Kings Leagure at Montaban they rode thither together and under the notion of being of the Ambassador's retinue they had free admittance to view all the Works and Avenues Hicks whose eye was fixt upon his opportunity to fly into the Town made use of Fairfax to take his advantage with the least Suspicion and in the instant of time puts Spurs to his Horse and got into the Town through a Shower of Bullets leaving Fairfax astonish'd at the attempt to be wrackt and tormented to death as he was by the French fury to confess what he never knew so that Hicks his Braveâ—y deserves a Brand of Infamy and Fairfax his Innocency a memorial of pity A noble Spirit must not dare to do a gallant action an unworthy way UIUA EFFIGIES GENEROS I s siMI GULIELMI FAIRFAX PREFECTI To Frankenthal when seige Cordoua loyde Soe â—as our Britishe King craft ouerknau'd By Gondomeâ— as in it Martix made This honorable Cadet 3 and soe stau'd Of all reâ—reuts that Burroughs there comander Our glorious Burrougâ—s was compell'd to render THOVLOVSE But when this Remonstrance was brought to perfection the King had a Copy of it before the House had time to send their Messengers with it in which something so highly displeased him that he instantly dispatched a Letter to the Speaker of the House of Commons to forbid the sending of it To Our Trusty and Wellbeloved Sir Thomas Richardson Knight Speaker of the House of Commons Mr. Speaker WE have heard by divers Reports to our great grief that Our distance from the Houses of Parliament caused by Our indisposition of health hath imboldned some fiery and Popular Spirits of some of the House of Commons to argue and debate publickly of Matters far above their reach and capacity tending to Our high dishonour and breach of Prerogative Royal. These are therefore to command you to make known in Our Name unto the House that none therein shall presume henceforth to meddle with any thing concerning Our Government or deep Matters of State and namely not to deal with our dearest Son's Match with the Daughter of Spain nor to touch the Honour of that King or any other our Friends or Confederates And also not to meddle with any mans particulars which have their due motion in our ordinary Courts of Justice And whereas we hear they have sent a Message to Sir Edwin Sandis to know the Reasons of his late restraint you shall in Our Name resolve them that it was not for any misdemeanor of his in Parliament But to put them out of doubt of any question of that Nature that may arise among them hereafter you shall resolve them in Our Name That We think Our self very free and able to punish any man's misdemeanors in Parliament as well during their sitting as after which we mean not to spare hereafter upon any occasion of any man's insolent Behaviour there that shall be ministred unto Us. And if they have already touched any of these points which We have here forbidden in any Petition of theirs which is to be sent unto Us it is our pleasure that you shall tell them that except they reform it before it come to our hands We will not deign the hearing nor answering of it This was the effect of the Letter Dated at Newmarket Decem. 3. 1621. When the House had duly and weightily considered the just Reasons they had to draw up this Remonstrance in discharge of their Consciences and duties to God and the King and found how fruitless their labours were Having as it were cast out one Anchor in a tempestuous season which would take no hold they were forced to cast out another that both together might better fasten on the King 's good affections Therefore they framed this following Petition and sent the Remonstrance with it hoping yet to save the beaten Bark of the
but what is their great Errand to get Money If they touch upon miscarriage in Government it disparages him to his people for now the inside of his Copses are well grown again If upon Religion he knows well enough how to order that if the Treaty with Spain goes on And for the affairs of State he seems to imply as if there were some hidden and secret Art in those Mysteries of King-craft that the Parliaments apprehension cannot reach For who can have wisdom saith he to judge of things CAESAR BORGIA VALENtiorum Dux Cum pater ad summos Romae esset vectus honores Borgaei toto Praesulvt orbe foret Purpuraei donat gnato huic insigne galèri Quod tamen hoc tantum respuit ille decus Cum ferabella sequi mallet Veneremâ— nefandam Et sratrâ—m è â—ediâ— tolleret suum of that Nature but those that are traded in them Every man in his Profession So the Priests by their old Oracles did strive to keep the World in ignorance as the Romish Factors do now Whereas the true way of Treaties is with Christian not Machiavelian policy This we require this answer we expect you shall have this Retribution from Us. If you go about to cozen and cheat Us by delays and spin out time for ends such Syrens must not be listened after Every State must stand upon the foundation of its own Reason and Power and not build Castles of paper Hopes upon deceitful promises unless there be such redundant Causes of dependency upon them as it is impossible to subsist without them It was observed by Comines that in all Treaties betwixt the English and the French the English ever had the worst but in all Wars and Conflicts the English had the better intimating that Subtilâ—y may deceive but plain down-right Honesty is best and will prevail Falsness is fit for such spirits as Pope Alexander or his Nephew Caesar Borgia Scipio though a Heathen in his pactions with Spain and Carthage scorned it and the old Roman Senate were so Gallant as to rebuke Lucius Marcius their Ambassador and General because in the managing of his Wars and Treaties with Perseus King of Macedon he went about by subtilties to circumvent him And now an Ambassador as one saith lyes abroad Reipublicae causa for the good of his Countrey which tends rather to the hurt of it But now they find that the King would only make Merchandize of the Common-wealth yet Merchants look for their Money again with advantage and therefore their Counsel in disposing it may be well spared But the Parliament it they raise Money from the People which is never to be repayed there is good reason they should know not only to what purpose it is levied but how prudently and sitly laid out otherwise as the King tells them in the comparison of the Robber though in relation to his Prerogative if they should be summoned to levy Money of the people without consideration of what it is for or how it shall be disposed for the good of the Kingdom they may very well say and protest That they meant not to take it from them so that is not to rob them of it But the King's necessities must come under the Common Emergencies which he would not have known and what will one Subsidy without fifteens do The Protestants want in the Palatinate so doth he in England But he had lately a great assistance from his People never King of England found greater love as he saith of himself yet he wants still and would have supply for it under the notion of a War They must consider what Money is fit what Foot what Horse necessary but they must not know for what All that they can imagine is that the King wants Money for his Favourite Buckingham and his kindred to furnish them against Christmas for feasting gaming and bravery the three main pillars of the Times licentiousness raised up to a stupendious and excessive height or to send out his Ambassadors or help his indigent and expensive Courtiers and then the Wars are ended for Want is a great War But if the good of the Kingdom the establishment of Religion the happiness of the King and his Posterity be not fit Themes for them to discourse of why are they called The late Queen whose memory will be for ever famous by the King 's own relation liked the Parliaments Petition well when they humbly besought her to marry because they did not prescribe her place and person but left that to her Election if they had done otherwise She would have thought it presumption in them The King thinks it presumption in the Parliament humbly to beseech him for the good of Religion to permit his Son to marry with a Protestant Princess if they had fixt upon place or person he would have thought it High Treason So many degrees high was the King's spirit mounted above a Woman's to humble Subjects and so many degrees lower then Hers was his Spirit to daring Enemies Some of these things were publickly discoursed of among them in the House and other-some muttered and talkt of in private for full breasts will find vent but the main business that the Commons insisted on was the King's incroachment upon their Liberties debarring them freedom of speech in Parliament which was a Natural Reasonable and uncontroul'd immunity as long as they kept themselves within the limits of their duty which the House was to be the sole judge of And who can tax any particular Member with miscarriages that way that the house hath not Censured hitherto for now the heat is but new broke in among them and this liberty of speech stuck most with them for if any man should speak any thing to displease the King though it tended never so much to the good of the Kingdom it might be termed insolent behaviour and be liable to punishment after Parliament if not then as the King threatens in his Letter which carried such a Terror and over-awing with it that they resolved to give over all business left they should offend Which the King hearing of writes again to his Secretary Calvert and the Speaker to take off the edge of those sharp expressions he used in his Letters thinking to cool the heat among them But before this heat was in the House of Commons the Lords began to consider how cheap they were made by the multitude of Irish and Scotch Earls and Viscounts the King had accumulated not the Natives of those Kingdoms but private English Gentlemen who had procured and assumed those Titles to perch above the English Baronry to their great regret and dishonour And after some debate and canvassing in it they resolved That though they could not debar the King from making such swarms of Nobles with Outlandish Titles yet they would let him know what prejudice it was to them and if it produced no other good effect the King might at least see they took offence and
hot and intemperate Region to soom cool Considerations If he should yield by Silence or Connivence to this Protestation it would remain as an impregnable Bulwark for the people to Posterity And what is this terrible thing their just Liberties If he should oppose it with Rigor it might produce such an intestine Division at home as with all industry he strove to prevent abroad Break the Treaty with Spain he would not his Heart was too much set upon it for he could find no Protestant Princess good enough the high and elated Extraction of Kings will raise the people up to a kind of Adoration as the old Heathens did the Race of their Gods and Heroes Whereas true Honesty and piety finds out such matches as may as well bring Glory to God as to man not worldly Blessings only but heavenly also Lose the love of the people he was loth for he thought his peaceable Reign gained upon them and that no King had ever deserved better of a People than he But Peace is a kind of Soft Rayment or Masking-dress not always to be worn Standing lakes beget Corruption The Pool of Bethesda had no Virtue till it was stirred War is necessary as Physick for unsound Bodies Iustum id bellum quibus necessarium When the King had weighed every particular scruple by the Ballance of his own Reason and Councel about him he took a Resolution to dissolve the Parliament which he did by Proclamation the sixth of Ianuary being fifteen days after the Protestation was made so much time he measured out by the Scale of consideration before he would pull down such a Structure of Love as never was built by the people for any of his Predecessors which he implies in his Proclamation laying there all the blame upon the House of Commons and not on them in general but on some ill-tempered Spirits as he called them that sowed Tares among the Corn and frustrated the Hopes of a plentiful Harvest Striving by these imputations to take away the Odium that such a Dissolution might produce The Parliament and consequently the Union between the King and People being thus dissolved every man's tongue is let loose to run Riot And though the King loved Hunting above all other exercises and had many good Hunters about him yet all those and the Strength of a Proclamation put out to forbid talking of State Affairs could not restrain them from mouthing out That Great Britain was become less than little England that they had lost strength by changing Sexes and that he was no King but a Fidler's Son otherwise he would not suffer such disorders at home and so much dishonour abroad So dangerous it is for Princes by a stegmatick remisseness to slacken the ligaments of the peoples tongues for such an overflux of bad Humor may bring their obedience to a Paralytick And the Story of David Ricius written by the King 's own Tutor Buchanan had died in every English Opinion if it had not had a new Impression by these miscarriages Edward Herbert Lord Herbert of Castle â—Land and Lord Hâ—rbert of Câ—â—erbery in England The Earl of Oxford was betrayed and accused by one White a Papist who was vulgarly called after in derision by the Name of Oxford-White to have spoken some words to the Dishonour of the King and disparagement of his Government and was committed to the Tower The Earl of Southampton was also committed to the Dean of Westminster Oxford lay by it a great while and being an Active man the King sent him at last to Sea to be one of Buckingham's Vice-Admirals for the English Coast while Sir Robert Mansell guarded the Coasts of Spain from being infested with the Turks of Algier and Sally Sir Edward Cook that was looked upon as one of the great incendiaries in the House of Commons is put from the Council Table with disgrace The King saying he was the fittest instrument for a Tyrant that ever was in England And yet in the House he called the King's Prerogative a great Over-grown Monster And how can these agree Unless because the King would not take his counsel he hanged himself on the other side But whether the King had cause to say the one I know not but he it seems found cause enough to say the other Sir Thomas Crew Sir Dudly Digges Sir Nathaniel Rich and Sir Iames Perrot men of great Repute and knowledge active in the House were sent into Ireland and joyned with others in commission to inquire into Misdemeanors committed there but it was thought as a punishment for what they had committed here for they were long detained from their own occasions under the colour of an honorable imployment And Sir Peter Hammon of Kent and others were sent into the Palatinate This kind of punishment beginning now to be in fashion and not long after this Sir Iohn Savile the Knight of York-shire that carried all the Country at a Beck and a powerful Man in the House is taken off by the King made Comptroler of his Household a Privy Councellor and not long after a Baron so the King found out two ways of silencing those that were able to do him mischief Active Spirits that come too near him must either come nearer to him or be sent further from him which he doubts not will take off the edge and bate the sharpness of the Humor another time And these preferments and punishments were also practised by his successor with this Experiment in both that the most popular men as soon as they wore the Court Livery lost the love of the people but those that suffered for them were the more beloved and admired by them The Commons of England having more than an ordinary Genius to support and strengthen the pillars of their Liberties And as these Troubles bred disturbance at home so they begot discredit abroad for now by this Breach they undervalued the King's power as much as they did before his Spirit yea even in the King of Spain's own Towns whilst this beloved Treaty was in heat they in their Comedies presented Messengers bringing News in haste That the Palatinate was like to have a very formidable Army shortly on foot For the King of Denmark would furnish him with a hundred thousand picked Herrings the Hollanders with a hundred thousand Butter-boxes and England with a hundred thousand Ambassadors And they picture the King in one place with a Scabberd without a Sword In another place with a Sword that no body could draw out though divers stand pulling at it At Bruxels they painted him with his pockets hanging out and never a penny in them nor in his purse turned upside down In Antwerâ— they pictured the Queen of Bohemia like a poor Irish Mantler with her hair hanging about her ears and her child at her back with the King her father carrying the Cradle after her and every one of these Pictures had several Motto's expressing their Malice Such
Error theirs Therefore he plied it by his Ambassadors and Agents and all indulgences to Recusants were admitted to sweeten their Addresses The Lord Vaux a Papist had freedom to transport four thousand English to reinforce the King of Spain's Armies both against our King's Confederates of Holland under whose protection his banished Children had refuge and against their Country it self the Palatinate which the King so much endeavoured to preserve The Articles of Marriage had taken up much time in debate between the Commissioners of the two Kings before they could be brought to any form and the principal Articles that concerned Religion had many various shapes put upon them till they were drest to their minds And when they were fitted and fashioned by them the Pope stript them naked and put upon them what Garment they pleased He hath his Index expurgatorius in every thing And to dead our King's hopes the Pope urges Quod Ecclesiastici nullis legibus subjaceant nisi sourum superiorum Ecclesiasticorum That the Ecclesiasticks should be subject to no Laws but what they brought along with them which gave liberty to do what they pleased and to be punished for their ill doing how they pleased That the children of the Infanta might be brought up in the Popish Religion Usque ad Annos nubiles till it be well rooted in them And that she might have a publick Church in the City for all comers besides her Chappel in the Court which extended to little less than an open Toleration Some other Rubs the Pope threw in the way which the King stumbled at not being in the Articles treated on betwixt him and the King of Spain which He insists on to that King disclaims any Treaty with the Pope though his Agent Gage made daily addresses to him by Cardinal Bandino with whom Our King held correspondence And He requires the Lord Digby in Spain to press that King to a final Resolution that he might provide some other Match for his Son if this should not succeed For saith He We have in a manner already done that which is desired as all the Roman Catholicks have found which if the Pope had known it is to be presumed he would not so much have insisted upon these points And the sending and resending betwixt Spain and Rome and Rome and Spain spends time and may serve for a colour to draw the Treaty in infinitum But yet willing he was to have some Anchor-hold for his hopes for in the same Letter he saith Nevertheless if you find it a thing impossible for them to resolve without a reply to Rome and that they do earnestly desire it We are contented that you shall yield them two months time after your Audience and longer we cannot expect These Resolutions were sent Post into Spain inclosed in this following Letter which is very necessary to be inserted here though taken from Mr. Prin's Collection who had this and others among the Lord Cottington's Papers a great Agent afterwards in the Spanish Affairs and are the bitter Kernel preserved by Cottington when the Shell of the Treaty was broken RIght Trusty c. Your dispatch of the ninth of August gave Us so much Contentment and so great Hopes of Satisfaction in all those Business which you have there to Treat with that King as we could not expect any further Difficulties Notwithstanding by that which hath come to Our hands immediately after as well by George Gage from Rome as by our Ambassador Sir Richard Weston at Bruxels and Our Ministers in the Palatinate We find that neither the Dispensation is granted for the Match nor the Treaty of Cessation so near a conclusion as We conceived it would have been now that the Auxiliaries and all other Obstacles are removed But on the contrary side that new delays and excuses are invented Our Garisons in the Palatinate in the mean time blocked up Heidelburg it self Actually besieged Which proceeding though Our Ambassador hath expostulated with the Infanta and the Commissioners as injurious to Us and ill beseeming their Professions hitherto yet is there not that readiness shewed to give Us such contentment therein as We might justly expect but Answers still protracted and put off for advantage whilst Our Forces there remain in great Distress and the Town and Castle of Heidelburg likely in a few Daies to be lost for it cannot hold out long as We are informed This dealing seems the more strange unto Us for that the late Dispatch of the King of Spain was before the news of the Siege and that Our Ambassador had propounded any thing concerning it come unto the Infanta But because you shall be particularly informed of the whole carriage of the business We have given order that copies shall be sent you of all the Dispatch and then you shall see how these proceedings agree with the Hopes and Promises which are given Us from thence Hereupon therefore Our pleasure is That you shall immediately and with as much speed as you may crave Audience of that King and represent unto him the merit which We may justly challenge unto Our self for Our sincere proceedings with the Emperor and Him in all the course of this business notwithstanding the many invitations and temptations which We have had to engage Our self on Our Son-in-law's part That We have had both from the Emperor and him hopes given Us from time to time of extraordinary Respect howsoever Our Son-in-law had deserved which We have attended and expected even to the very last with much Patience and in despight as it were of all the opposition that hath All flesh is grass the best men vanity This but a shadow here before thine eye Of him whose wondrous changes clearly show That GOD not men swayes all things here below been made to shake our Resolution in that behalf If now when all impediments are removed and that the way is so prepared as that the Emperor may give an end unto the War and make some present demonstration of his Respects towards us in leaving Us the Honour of holding those poor places which yet remain quietly and peaceably until the general accommodation the same shall nevertheless be violently taken from Us what can We look for when the whole shall be in his hands and possession who amusing Us with a Treaty of Cessation and protracting it industriously as We have reason to believe doth in the mean time seize himself of the whole Country which being done Our Ambassador shall return with Scorn and We remain with Dishonour I shall not need to furnish you with Arguments for the unfolding and laying open this unfriendly Dealing more plainly unto them your own Reason and observation will find enough out of the Dispatches whereof Copies are sent unto you as namely the withdrawing of the Spanish forces and leaving the business wholly in the hands of the Emperor and the Duke of Bavaria The Style of the Infanta in answering Our Ambassador
with Recriminations which was not her manner heretofore The sleight and frivolous answer given by the Marquess of Bedmar unto Our Ambassador when he acquainted him with the Siege of Heidelburg The quarrellous occasion taken by the Emperor for calling the Diet at Ratisbone contrary to his own promise which in his dispatch to Us he confesseth to have broken as you will see by the Copy All which and many more which your own judgment in the perusal of the Dispatches will suggest unto you do minister unto Us cause sufficient of jealousie on the Emperor's part as you shall plainly tell that King although We will not do him that wrong as to mistrust that He gives the least consent to it In this confidence with much earnestness We shall still solicit him that for the affection he bears us and the desire which We suppose he hath that there may continue for ever a perfect Amity betwixt Us and the whole House of Austria he will not cease to do all good Offices herein letting him know directly that in these terms We cannot stand with the Emperor but that if Heidelburg be won or the Siege continue or the Cessation be long unnecessarily delayed We must recall Our Ambassador from Bruxels and treat no more as We have already given order hoping that whatsoever unkindness We shall conceive against the Emperor upon these occasions it shall not be interpreted to reflect in any sort upon the entire affection that is at this present and as We hope shall always continue betwixt Us and the Crown of Spain And therefore as we have heretofore sundry times promised in testimony of the sincerity of Our proceedings and of Our great Desire to preserve the Amity inviolable between Us and the whole House of Austria That in case Our Son-in-law would not be governed by Us that then we would not only forsake him but take part and joyn Our forces with the Emperor against him so you may fairly represent unto that King that in like manner we have Reason to expect the same Measure from him that upon the Emperor's averseness to a Cessation and Accommodation he will likewise Actually assist Us for the Recovery of the Palatinate and Electoral Dignity unto Our Son-in-law as it hath been often times intimated from Spain To conclude We shall not need to say any more unto you touching this Point but to let you see that Our meaning is to carry all things fair with that King and not to give him any cause of Distrust or jealousie if you perceive that they intend to go really and roundly on with the Match Wherein nevertheless we must tell you that we have no great Cause to be well pleased with the Diligences used on that part when we observe that after so long an expectance of the Dispensation upon which the whole business as they will have it depends there is nothing yet returned but Queries and Oâ—jections Yet because we will not give over Our Patience a while longer until we understand more certainly what the effect thereof is like to be wherein we require you to be very Wary and watchful considering how Our Honour is therein ingaged we have thought fit to let you know how far we are pleased to inlarge Our self concerning those points demanded by the Pope and set down by way of Postil unto the Articles agreed upon betwixt Spain and Us as you shall see by the Power which Gage brought Us from Rome whereof we have sent you a Copy and our Resolutions thereupon Signed with our own hand for your warrant and Instruction And further then that since we cannot go without much prejudice inconvenience and dishonour to our self and our Son we hope and expect the King of Spain will bring it instantly to an issue without further delay which you are to press with all Diligence and earnestness that you may presently know their final Resolution and what we may expect thereupon But if any Respit of time be earnestly demanded and that you perceive it not possible for them to resolve until an answer come from Rome we then think it fit that you give them two Months time after your Audience that we may understand that King 's final Resolution before Christmas next at the furthest Wansted 9. Sept. 1622. This Letter doth not only discover the shuffling and Fox-like contrivances of the House of Austria to Work and Earth themselves in the Palatinate but also the scorns and reproaches put upon Our King and if I may so call them his Terriers who with little Bayings only let them work till they had got into their Fastnesses and strong holds and then they may Bay at leisure and blame their lazy Belief But notwithstanding our King threatens in his Letter if Heidelberg be lost and the Cessation delayed he will Treat no more yet the Desire of the Match was so radicated in his Heart that neither the loss of Heidleberg or Manheim that succeeded it nor the blocking up of Frankendale the last strong hold of his Son-in-laws Inheritance could Mortifie his Hopes But as the Emperor besieged these Towns with his Armies so he beset the King of Spain with his Treaties And the Lord Digby though quickned by this Letter did not lay open the cunning carriage of these contrivers which tended to root out the reformed Religion in Germany nor press home these particulars as he was injoined but only let the King of Spain know That his late Father by the advice of his Ecclesiasticks in Spain had consented to the Articles of Marriage in matters of Religion five months since yet there were demurs upon those points notwithstanding that the King of Great Britain complied in all things then demanded particularly what he would do in favour of the Catholicks But now after two years time the Pope of his own Accord without any intimation to Spain had sent directly for England propounding to the King his Master not only many alterations in the Capitulations before a Dispensation could be granted but intruded something new which the King would by no means yield unto wherefore to expedite the Business the King having neglected all other Treaties of marriage for his Son these six years past only in respect of this Treaty he is commanded to declare plainly to the King of Spain how far the King his Master may condescend in matters of Religion and if that will give content to proceed to a conclusion of the Marriage without more Delays seeing he hath yielded to much more than was capitulated in the late King of Spain's time if this will not satisfie that then without loss of more time the King his Master may dispose of his Son and the King of Spain of the Infanta as they please These things were ruminated on by the slow paced Spanish gravity and fair and plausible answers presented that like fruits of Dissimulation gave but small Nourishment to hope yet it kept it alive though in a
drooping condition and it was only sustained till they could bring their ends about Which our King now suspecting as he had good cause from the constant intelligences given him of the diminution of his own Forces in the Palatinate and the Growing strength of the Enemy He dispatches this second Letter to the Baron Digby to let the King of Spain know how sensible he was of being abused and how loath he was to see it RIght Trusty c. There is none better knoweth than your self how we have laboured ever since the beginning of these unfortunate Troubles of the Empire notwithstanding all opposition to the contrary to merit well of our good Brother the King of Spain and the whole House of Austria by a long and lingering Patience grounded still upon his friendship and promises that Care should be had of our Honour and of our Childrens Patrimony and Inheritance We have acquainted you also from time to time since the beginning of the Treaty at Bruxels how crossly all things have there proceeded notwithstanding all the fair Professions made unto us both by the King of Spain and the Infanta and all his Ministers and the letters written by him unto the Emperor and them Effectually at least as they endeavoured to make us believe but what fruits have we of all these Whil'st we are Treating the Town and Castle of Heidelberg are taken by force our Garison put to the Sword Manheim besieged and all the Hostility used that is in the power of an Enemy as you may see by the Relation which we have commanded our Secretary to send you Our pleasure therefore is that you immediately as soon you can get Audience let that King understand how sensible we are of these Proceedings of the Emperor towards us and withall are not a little troubled to see that the Infanta having an absolute Commission to conclude a Cessation and suspension of Arms should now at last when all Objections were answered and the former solely pretended Obstacles removed not only delay the conclusion of the Treaty but refuse to lay her Command upon the Emperor's Generals to abstain from the Siege of our Garisons during the Treaty upon a Pretext of want of Authority so as for avoiding of further Dishonour we have been forced to recall both our Ambassadors as well the Chancellor of our Exchequer who is already returned to our Presence as also the Lord Chichester whom we intended to have sent unto the Emperor to the Diet at Ratisbone Seeing therefore that meerly out of Our extraordinary Respect to the King of Spain and the firm Confidence We ever put in the Hopes and promises which He did give Us desiring nothing more then for his Cause principally to avoid all occasions that might put Us in ill understanding with any of the House of Austria We have hitherto proceeded with a stedfast patience trusting to the Treaties and neglecting all other means which probably might have secured the Remainder of Our Childrens inheritance these Garisons which We maintained in the Palatinate being rather for Honour sake to keep a footing until the general accommodation then that we did rely so much upon their strength as upon his friendship and by this Confidence and Security of Ours are now exposed to Dishonour and Reproach You shall tell that King that seeing all those endeavours and good offices which he hath used towards the Emperor in this business on the behalf of Our Son-in-law upon confidence whereof that security of Ours depended which he continually by his Letters and Ministers here laboured to beget and confirm in Us have not sorted to any other issue than to a plain abuse both of his trust and Ours whereby We are both of Us highly injured in Our Honour though in a different Degree We hope and desire that out of a true sence of this Wrong offered unto Us he will as Our dear and loving Brother faithfully promise and undertake upon his Honour confirming the same also under his Hand and Seal either that the Town and Castle of Heidelberg shall within Threescore and ten dayes after your Audience and Demand made be rendred into Our hands with all things therein belonging to Our Son in law or Our Daughter as near as may be in the State they were when they were taken and the like for Manheim and Frankendale if both or either of them shall be taken by the Enemy while these things are in Treaty As also that there shall be within the said Term of seventy daies a Cessation and Suspension of Arms in the Palatinate for the future upon the several Articles and Conditions last propounded by Our Ambassadour Sir Richard Weston and that the general Treaty shall be set afoot again upon such Honourable Terms and Conditions as We propounded unto the Emperour in a Letter written unto him in November last and with which the King of Spain then as We understood seemed satisfied Or else in case all these Particulars be not yielded unto and performed by the Emperour as is here propounded but be refused or delayed beyond the time aforementioned That then the King of Spain do joyn his Forces with Ours for the Recovery of Our Childrens Honours and Patrimony which upon this Trust hath been thus lost Or if so be his Forces at this present be otherwise so imployed as that they cannot give Us that assistance which We here desire and as We think have deserved yet that at the least He will permit Us a free and friendly passage through his Territories and Dominions for such Forces as We shall send and imploy in Germany for his Service Of all which distinctively if you receive not from the King of Spain within ten daies at the furthest after your Audience a direct Assurance under his Hand and Seal without Delay or putting Us off to further Treaties and Conferences That is to say of such Restitution Cessation of Arms and proceeding to a General Treaty as is before mentioned or else of assistance and joyning his Forces with Ours against the Emperour or at the least permission of passage for Our Forces through his the said King's Dominions that then you take your leave and return to Our Presence without further stay Otherwise to proceed in the Negotiation for the Marriage of Our Son according to the Instructions We have given you This Letter was dated the Third of October And presently after it was sent away the King recollected himself and thought it good Policy to make some advantage of this Breach with Spain if there were One by letting his People see he would no longer wait the Spanish Delayes which they were impatient enough of therefore his Ambassadours to hinder the knowledge of it at home must conceal the Breach abroad stay still in the Spanish Court as if the Business were in full Motion and ripe for projection And he must break it to pieces here himself to make it the more acceptable either to get the more love or
so spacious that her said Servants and Family may enter and stay therein In which there shall be an ordinary and publique door for them and another inward door by which the Infanta may have a passage into the said Chappel where she and others as above said may be present at Divine Offices 9. That the Chappel Church and Oratory may be beautified with decent Ornaments of Altar and other things necessary for Divine Service which is to be celebrated in them according to the custom of the Ho. Ro. Church and that it shall be lawful for the said Servants and others to go to the said Chappel and Church at all hours as to them shall seem expedient 10. That the care and custody of the said Chappel and Church shall be committed to such as the Lady Infanta shall appoint to whom it shall be lawful to appoint Keepers that no body may enter into them to do any undecent thing 11. That to the administration of the Sacraments and to serve in Chappel and Church aforesaid there shall be so many Priests and Assistants as to the Infanta shall seem fit and the election of them shall belong to the Lady Infanta and the Catholike King her Brother Provided that they be none of the Vassals of the King of Great Britain and if they be his will and consent is to be first obtained 12. That there be one Superiour Minister or Bishop with necessary Authority upon all occasions which shall happen belonging to Religion and for want of a Bishop that his Vicar may have his Authority and jurisdiction 13. That this Bishop or Superiour Minister may correct amend or chastize all Roman Catholiks who shall offend and shall exercise upon them all Jurisdiction Ecclesiastical and moreover also the Lady Infanta shall have power to put them out of her service when soever it shall seem expedient to her 13. That it may be lawful for the Lady Infanta and her Servants to procure from Rome Dispensations Indulgences Jubilees and all Graces as shall seem fit to their Religion and Consciences and to get and make use of any Catholike Books whatsoever 15. That the Servants of the Family of the Lady Infanta who shall come into England shall take the Oath of Allegiance to the King of Great Britain provided that there be no clause therein which shall be contrary to their Consciences and the Roman Catholike Religion and if they happen to be Vassals to the King of Great Britain they shall take the same Oath that the Spaniard doth 16. That the Laws which are or shall be in England against Religion shall not take hold of the said Servants And onely the foresaid Superiour Ecclesiastical Catholike may proceed against Ecclesiastical persons as hath been accustomed by Catholikes And if any Secular Judge shall apprehend any Ecclesiastical Person for any offence he shall forthwith cause him to be delivered to the aforesaid Superiour Ecclesiastick who shall proceed against him according to the Canon-Law 17. That the Lawes made against Catholikes in England or in any other Kingdom of the King of Great Britain shall not extend to the Children of this Marriage and though they be Catholikes they shall not lose the Right of Succession to the Kingdom and Dominions of Great Britain 18. That the Nurses which shall give suck to the Children of the Lady Infanta whether they be of the Kingdom of Great Britain or of any other Nation whatsoever shall be chosen by the Lady Infanta as she pleaseth and shall be accounted of her Family and enjoy the priviledges thereof 19. That the Bishop Ecclesiastical Persons and Religious of the Family of the Lady Infanta shall wear the Vestment and Habit of his dignity profession and Religion after the custom of Rome 20. For security that the said Matrimony be not dissolved for any cause whatsoever The King of Great Britain and Prince Charles are equally to pass the Word and Honour of a King and moreover that they will perform whatsoever shall be propounded by the Catholike King for further confirmation if it may be done decently and fitly 21. That the Sons and Daughters which shall be born of this Marriage shall be brought up in the company of the most Excellent Infanta at least until the Age of Ten years and shall freely enjoy the Right of Succession to the Kingdoms as aforesaid 22. That whensoever any place of either Man-servant or Maid-servant which the Lady Infanta shall bring with her nominated by the Catholike King her Brother shall happen to be void whether by death or by other Cause or accident all the said Servants of her Family are to be supplied by the Catholike King as aforesaid 23. For security that whatsoever is Capitulated may be fulfilled The King of Great Britain and Prince Charles are to be bound by Oath and all the King's Council shall Confirm the said Treaty under their hands Moreover the said King and Prince are to give their Faiths in the Word of a King to endeavour if possible that whatsoever is Capitulated may be established by Parliament 24. That conformable to this Treaty all these things proposed are to be allowed and approved of by the Pope that he may give an Apostolical Benediction and a Dispensation necessary to effect the Marriage But though our King and Prince subscribed these Articles as they were sent to them by the Earl of Bristol in this manner Hos supra memoratos Articulos omnes ac singulos approbamus et quicquid in iis ex nostra parte seu nostro nomine conventum est ratum atque gratum habemus approving and expressing them to be very acceptable unto them And after they had wrought the King to sign these large immunities to the Papists viz. Quod Regnorum suorum Romano Catholici persecutionem nullam patientur molestiáve officientur Religionis suae causa vel ob exercitium illorum ejusdem sacramentorum modò iis utantur absque scandalo quod intelligi debet inter privatos parietes nec juramentis aut sub alio praetextu qualicunque ordinem Religionis spectante vexabuntur That the Roman Catholikes should not be interrupted in the exercise of their Religion doing it privately without Scandal nor be vext with any oaths in order to the same What rested but a closing of both Parties Yet all would not do for the Spaniard never intended the Match at all as is evident by a Letter of the King of Spain's written to his Favourite the Conde of Olivares dated the Fifth of November 1622. found among the Lord Cottington's Papers THe King my Father declared at his Death That his intent never was to marry my Sister the Infanta Donna Maria with the Prince of Wales which your Unkle Don Baltazer understood and so treated this Match ever with intention to delay it notwithstanding it is now so far advanced that considering all the aversness of the Infanta to it it is time to seek some means to divert the Treaty
had not Breeding suitable to his Grandeur which took off the edge of his invitation whose subtile Eye by Converse might have pryed through those fictitious out-sides to discover more then did appear MARY DE MEDICIS Upon Saturday the sixth of March they arrived at Madrid The Prince and Marquess came thither one day before Cottington and the others to make the less noise in appearances They lighted at the Earl of Bristol's House in the evening and the Marquess brought in the Portmantua but his Master staid without with the Guide till he had prepared a way for Privacy The Earl of Bristol was astonished at the sight but after he had collected himself his Diligence attended his Duty and the Prince wanted nothing but Counsel how to order himself which they took time till the next day towards the Evening to deliberate on All that morning the Town was filled with Rumours of the arrival of some great Prince and though the King of Spain had intimation by his Letters yet he kept all private till the Prince exprest himself which was done that Evening For Buckingham and Bristol went to the Court and had private Audience of the King who sent his Grand favourite Olivares back with them to congratulate the Princes coming who let the Prince know how Happy the King his Master was in the Injoyment of him there and what addition of Grandure his presence would contribute to the Court of Spain and that the obligation was so great that he deserved to have the Infanta thrown into his Armes All this while kneeling kissing his Hands and embracing his Thigh the Huge and swelling expressions of Spanish Humility And from him he went to the Marquess of Buckingham telling him That now the Prince of England was in Spain his Master and he would divide the World betwixt them with other Rodomontado fancies And after he was gone about ten of the Clock that night the King of Spain came in a close Coach to Visit the Prince who having intimation of his coming such secret Hints among Princes being suitable invitements he met him in the way and there they spent some time in those sweet yet formal Caresses and Imbraces that are incidents to the Interviews of great Princes though their Hearts and Tongues do seldom accord Gondemar in consort was not without his Strain of Complement for he told the Prince upon a Visit next day that he had strange news to tell him which was That an Englishman was sworn a privy Councellour to the King of Spain meaning himself who he said was an Englishman in Heart and had lately received that Honour CRUX FIDEI COTIâ— CULA All that the Spanish Court could do was heightned into Gallantry and Civilities to the Prince yet he saw not his fair Mistris but at an undiscerning distance and in transitu as she came from Church But after all these Splendid and glorious out-side Ceremonies of Entertainment were grown a little old the Prince began to mind the Business he came about and desired a more intimate access to his Beloved Infanta which Olivares promised from day to day to accomplish but still delayed and at length when unperformed promises were heightned into Shame he plainly confessed That it was agreed by the King and his Council that he might not see her as a Lover till the Dispensation came for it would give scandal to admit him before yet not to starve him quite in his Desires but to keep him short that he should not surfeit he had now and then Access to her as a Prince in a publike way the King of Spain being always present and the Earl of Bristol Interpreter so that nothing could be spoken but those little superficial Compliments that served as Baits rather to nibble on than satisfie But these small Repasts kept up the Appetite And now the Glories of the English Court left the Northern Sun declining to the West and came to see the Sun rising in Spain The Marquess of Buckingham's new Title of Duke came to him also that he might be in the highest Rank among the Spanish Grandees to beard the proudest of them which afterwards he did And the Viscount Doncaster lately made Earl of Carlile came in all his Glories of which two it was observed by knowing Men That Buckingham came into Spain of the Spanish Faction and returned into England of the French Faction Carlile came into Spain of the French Faction and returned into England of the Spanish thus varying the Scene by fits and acting their parts as the present fancy moved them The Lord Kensington Captain of the Guard to our King came also to see the Prince so did the Earl of Denbigh Edward Son and Heir to the now Earl of Manchester The Viscount Mandevill the Viscount Rochford and divers others of the Nobility And the Prince was so circled with a Splendid Retinue of his own people that it might be said Spain's Pallace But together with these specious Entertainments there were underworking Hopes to have the Prince turn Papist for in intervenient Discourses Olivares and others would press him with all the Arguments the Court had instructed them in to a conversion intimating how smooth a path it would make to the Infanta's affections for when he that was to be Lord of her Heart and the best friend she had would be an Enemy to her Religion it could be but a great Obstacle to her Love And when the Danger of it was proposed to them as likely to bring a Rebellion in the Nation if their Prince should be perverted they promised to assist him with an Army against such rebellious people But if he would not admit of a present and suddain alteration publikely yet that he would be so indulgent when the Infanta came into England as to listen to her in Matters of Religion which the Prince promised to do Nay his own familiar friend Bristol as it was Articled against him afterwards by Buckingham did strive with a gentle hand to allure him that way as bringing with it an addition to the Grandure of the King 's of England that none of them could ever do great things that were not of that Religion Thus was the Prince beset and Time ran away in Discourses The Dispensation being purposely delayed for some at that time in the Spanish Court said it was come and sent back again to Rome being too forward and active that it might have more weight put upon it and then it would not make so much haste for now it came too soon to dispatch their worke For the subtily considered that Time and continual dropping might leave those impressions upon the Prince's spirit that Dispatches cannot effect Therefore they made new Queries and clapt new Remora's upon the Articles that being tangled in Disputations betwixt England and Spain and in controversies of Religion betwixt the Prince and some of their cunning Sophisters which they set a work that before the way could be
long expectation he chargeth him by his allegiance to come away and leave him there This letter the Duke shewed to the Prince and it wrought so upon him that he took a suddain resolution to go home The Grandees of Spain having notice thereof were much troubled for their Design was to detain the Prince there all Winter not only hoping thereby to turn him to their Religion but to marry him to the Infanta that there might have been a Co-union between them that she being with Child before the Spring they might keep her there till she were delivered that so the Child might be bred up and naturalized a Spaniard both in affection and Religion which this suddain Resolution hindring it somewhat startled them Olivares told Buckingham that he had promised the Prince should admit of Communion with some Iesuits of theirs in Matters of Religion And the Duke answered there had been some already with him but the Prince he said was so well setled in Religion that he was not to be further altered Olivares replied You gave me some assurance and hope of the Prince's turning Catholick The Duke told him it was false The Conde in a great rage broke from him with so much impatience that he was scarce able to contain himself went to the Prince and told him how unworthily Buckingham had served him And after his complaints to him he found out the Baron Kensington whom he looked on with an eye of good respect his Civilities and Carriage obliging every where venting his passion to him telling him that Buckingham had given him the Ly and that there was nothing a man of Honour could be more sensible of That it bred a great distraction in him betwixt his affection to his Master's Honour and his own For if any evil did redound to Buckingham by his hand being a Person so near the Prince who had honoured the Court of Spain with his presence and run through great and dangerous hazards out of affection to his Master's Sister upon whose actions now all the Christian World are gazing it would reflect upon the Honour of his Master and when his own Honour comes in competition with his Master's the least must give way to the greatest therefore he desired the Lord of Kensington to tell the Duke That he had so much of a Gentleman as to be sensible of the injury and so much Power and Courage as to revenge himself but rather than his Master's Honour should suffer he would be the sufferer The Duke sent the Conde word again by the said Lord That he laid a thing to his charge that would not admit of a less sharp answer for when his Honour comes in competition with the Conde's he had rather that should suffer than his own His Passion was quick but not durable hot but not revengful And he held so high an esteem of the Conde that he was more willing to venture upon his Sword than his Malice NOVILISSê° Dê° FRANCISCUS MANNORES COMES RVTLANDIAE BARO ROSS ET cetera The right Honorabell FRAVNCIS MANNERS Earle of Rutl and Baron Ross of Ham lake Beluoire and Trusbutt and Knight of the Honorable order of the Garter Among the Specious Ceremonies indented betwixt these two great Princes the richness of the Gifts and Presents that past among them were highly remarkable The King of Spain presented the Prince and all his Noble Train and the Prince filled the Court of Spain as it were with Iewels no Person of Quality or Merit but his name was recorded in the Inventory of the Princes Bounty as if England had disfurnished and made bare her own Neck to adorn the Breasts of Spain The Pirnce presenting his Mistris with such a Neck-lace of Pearl that all Spain could not Parallel Pearls that had been long pluckt from their Watry Beds and had left few fellows there For the Eastern and Western Divers throughout the Catholic Empire could never yet find the like But these upon the Breach were returned again though it be now indifferent whether the French or the Spanish have them The Duke of Buckingham was not close handed in distributing his Iewels to the Beauties of Spain though his farewel was private his Bounty was public More suitable to his Masters Honor than his Own which the Lord Treasurer Middlesex found and repined at The Prince took leave of the Queen of Spain and the Infanta prepared for it in their greatest Magnificence attended with all their train of Grandees and Ladies The Queen spoke her own Adieu in French which the Prince returned in the same Language But the Earl of Bristol was the Medium betwixt the Prince and his Mistris who if he may be believed set her Heart to make Her self Grateful and therefore this parting could not be acceptable to her one of her Arguments being If the Prince loved me he would stay for me but now the Time of parting approaching those Arguments were laid aside and the Superficial Ornaments of public Interview like a Cloud interposed it self betwixt them so that what was darkly lodged in their thoughts could only find light by the Eyes Their Tongues the Common Orator could tell what was fit to say when there were so many by to hear and if the Eyes had learn'd the Language of the Heart they quickly forgot it because they never met again to practise it PHILIPPVS II. HISPANIAE REX XLIII BRABANTIAE FRANCOIS de Moncada Marquis d Aytone General de L'armee du Roy dcspaigne B. moncornet excâ—â— Here the Prince being feasted sealed the Proxie and swore to perform the Marriage as aforesaid And the day of Departure being come there was a Stagg lodged in the way whose Chace gave the King and Prince some Recreation The Prince was attended by the Lord Kensington and the Earl of Bristol who was the Prince's Interpreter the King of Spain by intention only with Olivares and the Marquess D'avila Olivares was grand Master of the Horse to the King of Spain and neerest Attendant to his Person but to shew the Spanish Civility he always waited on the Prince and the Marquess D'avila his brother-in-Law attended on the King of Spain After the Ceremonies of the Staggs death were performed the King and Prince with their Train declining into a little Wood adjoining found a Table spread with Variety of Meats and excellent Wines provided for them which entertained them as well with wonder how it came there as with Refreshment after the Serenity of the Air and their exercise had quickened their appetites concluding Merrily as if the Stagg had been in the Plot and had yielded himself to Death purposely there because the Prince's necessary accommodations were so neer After the Repast the parting Minute approaching to perfect all they gave leave to the exercise of Complements The King expressing extraordinary Respects to the Prince setting a high valuation upon his Merit telling him Nothing in the World could more oblige him than the confidence he had of
good Gardiners you pluck up the weeds that will choak your labours and the greatest weeds among you are jealousies root them out for my Actions I dare avow them before God but jealousies are of a strange depth I am the husband and you the wife and it is subject to the wife to be jealous of her husband Let this be far from you It hath been talked of my remisness in maintainance of Religion and suspicion of a toleration but as God shall judge me I never thought nor meant or ever in word expressed any thing that savored of it It is true that at times best known to my self I did not so fully put those lawes in execution but did wink and Connive at some things which might have hindred more weighty Affaires But I never in all my Treaties agreed to any thing to the overthrow or disagreeing of those Lawes But in all I had a chief regard to the preservation of that Truth which I have ever professed And in that respect as I have a Charitable conceit of you I would have you have the like of me also in which I did not transgress For it is a good Horseman's part not alwayes to use the Spur nor keep streight the Reign but sometimes to use the Spur and sometimes to suffer the Reign more remiss So it is the part of a Wise King and my Age and experience have informed me sometimes to quicken the Laws with strict Execution and at other times upon just Occasion to be more remiss And I would also remove from your thoughts all jealousies that I might or ever did question or infringe any of your lawful liberties or privileges But I protest before God I ever intended you should injoy the fulness of all those that from antient times give good Warrant and Testimony of which if need be I will inlarge and amplifie Therefore I would have you as I have in this place heretofore told you as Saint Paul did Timothy avoid Genealogies and curious questions and quirks and jerks of Law and idle innovations and if you minister me no just Occasion I never yet was nor ever will be curious or captious to quarrel with you But I desire you to avoid all doubts and hindrances and to compose your selves speedily and quietly to this weighty affair Carry your selves modestly and my Prayers shall be to God for you and my love shall be alwayes with you that a happy Conclusion may attend this Parliament God is my Judge I speak it as a Christian King never any way faring Man in the burning drie and sandy Desarts more thirsted for water to quench his thirst than I thirst and long for the happy success of this Parliament that the good issue of this may expiate and aâ—quit the fruitless issue of the former And I pray God your Counsels may advance Religion the publick weal and the good of me and my Children When the King had thus ended the Lord Keeper Williams Bishop of Lincoln and Speaker to the House of Peers who uses always to make the King's mind further known if there because told the Parliament That after the Eloquent speech of his Majesty he would not say anything for as one of the Spartan Kings being asked whether he would not willingly hear a man that counterfeited the voice of the Nightingale to the life made answer He had heard the Nightingale So for him to repeat or rehearse what the King had said was according to the Latine Proverb to enamel a Golden Ring with studs of iron He doubted not but that the King's Speech had like Aeschines Orations left in their minds a sting And as an Historian said of Nerva that having adopted Trajan he was immediately taken away Nepost divinum et immortale factum aliquid mortale faceret So he would not dare after his Majesties Divinum et immortale dictum mortale aliquid addere HONORATISS et REUERENDISS Dê° IOHANES WILIAMES EPISC. LINC et MAG SIGILL ANG 〈◊〉 The right Honourable and right-reverend father in god Iohn Lorde Bishop of Lincolne Lord keeper of the greate Seale of England and one of his Ma.ties most hon ble princes Counsell But the Parliament though they knew there was an intention of a Toleration of Popery upon the close of the Spanish match sealed up as it were their lips and would not see the light that discovered it self through this cloud that the King cast before it though some of the Commons had much ado to hold which he takes notice of at the next Interview and thanks them for but they went on directly to his Business making it their own forgetting all former miscarriages And upon the 24. of this moneth the Duke of Buckingham accompanied with the Prince as his Remembrancer made a long Relation of all the transactions in Spain to both Houses with all the advantage he could to make good his own Actions some of the Particulars whereof are already related And he took the first Discovery of the intention of the King of Spain not to deal fairly with Our King touching the Restitution of the Palatinate from the Arch-dutchess jugling in the Treaty at Bruxels which was managed by Sir Richard Weston our King's Ambassadour there who urged for a Cessation of Armes in the Palatinate the Arch-Dutchess pretending Power to draw off the Spanish Forces if Our King would first draw off his it came to an Agreement but in the close after some Delayes she confessed she had no Power to admit of a Cessation till she had more particular warrant for it out of Spain That these shufflings made Our King send Porter into Spain for a more resolute answer in relation to the Match and the Palatinate and assigned him but ten dayes to stay there In which time Bristol fed him with Hopes which he found very Empty ones whereupon Porter went boldly to Olivares who in an open-hearted way told him plainly that Spain meant neither the Match nor Restitution of the Palatinate Bristol seeing Porter would return with this answer persuaded him to speak with Olivares again who coming to Olivares found him much incensed for relating the private intimation he gave him to Bristol the Publick minister and denyed to speak with Porter anymore Bristol still puffs up Our King with an assurance both of the Match and restitution of the Palatinate but they proceeding slowly the Prince desired that he might go himself into Spain which Buckingham first broke to the King who with Reasons laid down for it was drawn to it When the Prince came there the Match at first was absolutely denied unless he would be converted which Bristol perswaded the Prince unto at least in shew to expedite his Business Then the Spanish Ministers urged for a Toleration of Religion in England which they hoped as some of them expressed would cause a Rebellion and they offered the Prince an Army to Assist him for the Suppression of the same But the Prince finding the Spanish did
but dallie with him left a Proxie with Bristol to conclude the Match when the Dispensation came which the Prince forbad him to deliver Bristol nevertheless proceeds and if Gresley had not brought a Revocation of the Proxie from the King over night Bristol had made the Espousalls the next day And alwaies at the end of every point he would look upon the Prince for his approbation and allowance who still as the Duke went on confirmed the same And so Buckingham concluded that if the drawing of us out of Darkness into Light did deserve thanks we all owed it to the Prince who by the Hazard of his Person and by his great care and industry had done this for Us. The Parliament that looked upon the Duke with a Sour Eye for tempting the Prince to so dangerous a journey when they found what excellent effects it had produced forgot the Old Murmurs buzzed against him and with elevated Voices could scarce be contained from acknowledging him The Preserver of the Nation This his discovery is Cryed up every where and who but the Duke is become the Darling of the Multitude So dear then was the Prince unto the People that they tendred his safety as their own and so easily might he have retained his Love if by grasping after Shadows he had not lost the Substance For those people are the soonest deceived that love most to admire The Parliament were but men and could at present see no more than the Duke was pleased to shew them through the flattering glass of this Relation But when Bristol came over and as afterwards he did discover that the Duke carried the Prince purposely into Spain to be the better instructed in Popery That he gave hope to the Spanish Ministers of State of the Prince's Conversion which made them propound far worse Conditions for Religion than had been formerly agreed on That he professed himself a Papist there going to Mass kneeling to and adoring their Sacraments which the Pope being informed of sent the Duke a Bull to perswade and incourage him to pervert the King and Prince with other pernicious Crimes laid to his Charge in the next King's reign as may appear in due time None can blame the People for Mutable affections for when false-hood is so impudent as to hoodwink such an Assembly with the vail that Truth her self is wont to put on who can at an instant discover it But it was a hard Condition for the banished Palatine to have such Mediators as Buckingham Bristol and Weston to make intercession for him the Temper of whose Spirits was well known and which way their affections tended But now the load is all laid upon Bristol though he were at the distance of not being sensible of it yet it was so heavy that most Men thought he would never come to have it taken off But all things were passed over by the Parliament that reflected upon particulars having in their eye the general good of the Kingdom which they strove to manage with advantage And the Treaty of the Marriage with Spain being put into their hands they crushed the brood in the nest advising the King to break the Treaty and proclaim open War with that King Which they did not do suddainly as if they had been eager upon a War but with good advice and deliberate consideration as the most immediate means for the establishment of Religion and setled Peace protesting to assist the King for the regaining of the Palatinate with their lives and fortunes Upon which Declaration and Resolution the King determined to send instantly post into Spain to his Ambassadors to signifie to that King that the Parliament advised him to break off the Treaties and to recover the Palatinate by War and the Post had his Dispatch to that purpose when the King repented him of what he had done and like the Husband how jealous of his Wife writes to Secretary Conway this Letter to impede and delay the Business I doubt not but you have heard what a stinging Petition against the Papists the Lower House have sent to the Higher House this day that they might joyntly present it to me you know my firm Resolution not to make this a War of Religion And seeing I would be loth to be Conny-catcht by my People I pray you stay the Post that is going into Spain till I meet with my Son who will be here to morrow morning Do it upon pretext of some more Letters ye are to send by him and if he should be gone hasten after him to stay him upon some such pretext and let none living know of this as ye love me and before two in the afternoon to morrow you shall without fail hear from me Farewell Apr. 3 1624. By this Letter it appears that the King thought the Petition against Recusants of such high consequence that if he should not give the Parliament a good answer it might make a Rupture with them and therefore he will see further in the Nature of this Petition before he will break with the King of Spain and know more of the Prince his Son's mind happily whether he would yet accept of his Old Mistris or expect a new one Or whether the King feared that the Parliament would not make good their Promises to stand with their lives and fortunes in the Gap when this great Breach was made and so cousen him may be Mystical Conjectures from Mystical Expressions grounded upon the Words of a King Or whether any or all of these like the King's Heart inscrutable are meant in the Letter is not here determined But the King hastens to the House and finding no such terrible things in the Petition the Lords being not so quick in the Resolution of it as the King was in the apprehension of it he stirs not those Waters but sounds the depth of the Parliaments Intentions by propounding his Doubts and requiring a solution to them in order to a War with prudence and caution My Lords and Gentlemen all I have cause first to thank God with my heart and all the faculties of my mind that my speech which I delivered in Parliament hath taken so good effect among you as that with an Unamine consent you have freely and speedily given me your advice in this great Business for which I also thank you all as heartily as I can I also give my particular thanks to the Gentlemen of the lower House for that I hear when some among them would have cast jealousies and doubts between me and my people you presently quelled those Motions which might have hindred the happy agreement I hope to find in this Parliament You give me your advice to break off both the Treaties as well concerning the Match as the Palatinate And now give me leave as an old King to propound my Doubts and hereafter give me your answer First it is true that I who have been all the dayes of my life
put by her Government to say nothing of Prince Henry but the violence of it did not work because the Operation was somewhat mitigated by the Duke's Protestation of his Innocency For the King at the next Interview saying to him Ah Stenny Stenny which was the Familiar name he alwayes used to him Wilt thou kill me The Duke struck into an Astonishment with the Expression after some little Pause collected himself and with many asseverations strove to justify his Integrity which the good King was willing enough to Believe and Buckingham finding by some discourse that Padre Macestria the Spanish Iesuit had been with the King he had then a large Theme for his Vindication turning all upon the Spanish Iesuitical Malice which proceeded from the ruins of their quashed Hopes And the King knowing Inoiosa and all that Party very bitter against Buckingham and though he did not directly accuse the Prince to be in the Conspiracy with Buckingham yet he reflected upon him for such an attempt could never have been effected without his Privity therefore out of the Bowels of good Nature he did unbelieve it and after Examinations of some Persons the Duke's Intimates and their constant denyal upon oath which they had no good Cause to confess the King was content being loth to think such an Enterprize could be fostred so neer his own Bosom to have the Brat strangled in the Womb. And he presently sent into Spain to desire Iustice of that King against the Ambassadours false Accusation which he said wounded his Son's Honour through Buckingham's side which Sir Walter Aston represented to the King of Spain for Bristol was coming over to justifie his Actions to the Parliament But the Duke of Buckinghams reputation there procured no other Satisfaction than some little check of formality for when Inoiosa was recalled home he was not lessen'd in esteem Thus was this Information waved though there might be some cause to suspect that the great intimacy and Dearness betwixt the Prince and Duke like the conjunction of two dreadful planets could not but portend the production of some very dangerous effect to the old King But the Duke's Reputation though it failed in Spain held firm footing in England for Bristol no sooner appeared but he is clapt up in the Tower Their jugling practices whereof they were Both guilty enough must not yet come to light to disturb the Proceedings in Parliament Bristol had too much of the King's Commission for what he did though he might overshoot himself in what he said which was not now to be discovered Yet the Rigor of that imprisonment would have sounded too loud if he had not had a suddain Release who finding the Duke high mounted yet in power and himself in no Degree to grapple with him was content with Submission to gain his liberty and retire himself to a Country privacy The Lords being now at leisure began to consider of that stinging petition as the King called it against Papists how necessary it was to joyn with the Commons to supplicate the King to take down the pride of their high-flying Hopes that had been long upon the Wing watching for their prey and now they are made to stoop without it And after some Conferences betwixt both Houses about it the Petition was reduced to these two Propositions and presented to the King as two Petitions We your Majestie 's most humble and loyal Subjects the Lords and Commons assembled in Parliament do in all humbleness offer unto your Sacred Majesty these two Petitions following 1. That for the more safety of your Realms and better keeping your Subjects in Obedience and other important Reasons of State your Majesty would be pleased by some such course as you shall think fit to give present Order that all the Laws be put in due execution which have been made and do stand in force against Jesuits Seminary Priests and others having taken Orders by authority derived from the See of Rome and generally against all Popish Recusants And as for disarming that it may be according to the Laws and according to former Acts and Directions of State in that Case And yet that it may appear to all the World the Favour and Clemency your Majesty useth towards all your Subjects of what Condition soever And to the intent the Jesuits and Priests now in the Realm may not pretend to be surprized that a speedy and certain may be prefixed by your Majesties Proclamation before which day they shall depart out of this Kingdom and all other your Highness Dominions and neither they nor any other to return or come hither again upon peril of the severest Penalties of the Laws now in force against them And that all your Majesties Subjects may thereby also be admonished not to receive entertain or conceal any of them upon the Penalties and Forfeitures which by the Laws may be imposed on them 2. Seeing We are thus happily delivered from that danger which those Treaties now dissolved and that use which your ill-affected Subjects made thereof would certainly have drawn upon us and yet cannot but foresee and fear lest the like may hereafter happen which would inevitably bring much peril upon your Majesties Kingdoms We are most humble Suters unto your Gracious Majesty to secure the Hearts of your good Subjects by the ingagement of your Royal Word unto them that upon no occasion of Marriage or Treaty or other request in that behalf from any forein Prince or State whatsoever you will take away or slacken the Execution of your Laws against Jesuits Priests and Popish Recusants To which Our humble Petitions proceeding from Our most Loyal and Dutiful affections towards your Majesty Our Care of Our Countries good and our own confident persuasion that these will much advance the Glory of Almighty God the everlasting Honour of your Majesty the Safety of your Kingdoms and the incouragement of all your good Subjects We do most humbly beseech your Majesty to vouchsafe a gracious Answer The King was prepared for the Petition having given his own Resolution the Check at present that whatsoever he might do hereafter yet now he would comply and therefore he sends for both Houses to Whitehall to sweeten them with a gentle answer to this Petition that might take off those sour aspersions that this miscarriage in Government might happily cast upon him And we will not say but his intentions might rove towards the End though he gave too much liberty through a Natural easiness in himself to those that He trusted with Management of the great affairs by evil means to pervert that end which made him guilty of their Actions For where true Piety is not the Director Carelesness as often as Wilfulness carries men out of the way But he had this Principle and made often use of it like ill Tenants when they let things run to ruin to daub all up again when forced to it and find no other Remedy This was the effect of
what he said in his own excuse My Lords and Gentlemen of both Houses I cannot but commend your Zeal in offering this Petition to me yet on the other side I cannot but hold my Self unfortunate that I should be thought to need a Spur to do that which my Conscience and Duty binds me unto What Religion I am of my Books do declare my Profession and Behaviour doth shew and I hope in God I shall never live to be thought otherwise surely I shall never deserve it And for my part I wish it may be written in Marble and remain to Posterity as a mark upon me when I shall swerve from my Religion For he that doth dissemble with God is not to be trusted with Men. My Lords for my part I protest before God That my Heart hath bled when I have heard of the increase of Popery God is my judge it hath been such a great grief to me that it hath been as Thorns in my Eyes and Pricks in my Sides and so for ever I have been and shall be from turning another way And my Lords and Gentlemen you shall be my Confessors that one way or other it hath been my Desire to hinder the growth of Popery and I could not be an honest Man if I should have done otherwise And this I may say further That if I be not a Martyr I am sure I am a Confessor and in some sense I may be called a Martyr as in the Scripture Isaac was Persecuted by Ismael by mocking Words for never King suffered more ill Tongues than I have done and I am sure for no cause yet I have been far from Persecution for I have ever thought that no way increased any Religion more than Persecution according to that Saying Sanguis Martyrum est Semen Ecclesiae Now my Lords and Gentlemen for your Petition I will not onely grant the Substance of what you craved but add somewhat more of my own For the Two Treaties being already anulled as I have declared them to be it necessarily follows of it self that which you desire and therefore it needs no more but that I do declare by Proclamation which I am ready to do That all Jesuits and Priests do depart by a Day but it cannot be as you desire by Our Proclamation to be out of all my Dominions for a Proclamation here extends but to this Kingdom This I will do and more I will Command all my Judges when they go their Circuits to keep the same Courses for putting all the Laws in Execution against Recusants as they were wont to do before these Treaties for the Laws are still in force and were never dispensed with by me God is my judge they were never so intended by me But as I told you in the beginning of the Parliament you must give me leave as a good Horse-man sometimes to use the Reins and not always to use the Spurs So now there needs nothing but my Declaration for the disarming of them that is already done by the Laws and shall be done as you desired And more I will take order for the shameful disorder of the Resorting of my Subjects to all forein Ambassadours of this I will advise with my Council how it may be best reformed It is true that the Houses of Ambassadors are privileged places and though they cannot take them out of their Houses yet the Lord Mayor and Mr. Recorder of London may take some of them as they come from thence and make them Examples Another Point I will add concerning the Education of their Children of which I have had a principal care as the Lord of Canterbury and the Bishop of Winchester and other Lords of my Council can bear me witness with whom I have advised about this Business For in good faith it is a shame their Children should be bred here as if they were at Rome So I do grant not onely your Desire but more I am sorry I was not the first mover of it to you But had you not done it I should have done it my self Now for the second part of your Petition You have there given me the best advice in the World For it is against the Rule of Wisdom that a King should suffer any of his Subjects to transgress the Laws by the intercession of other Princes and therefore assure your selves that by the Grace of God I will be careful that no such Conditions be foisted in upon any other Treaty whatsoever For it is fit my Subjects should stand or fall to their own Laws If the King had seriously and really considered the Minute of this Petition the very last Clause wherein the Glory of God and the Safety of his Kingdoms so much consisted as the Parliament wisely express and foresee and which the King saith is the best Advice in the World and which he promised so faithfully to observe in the next Treaty of Marriage for his Son it might perhaps have kept the Crown upon the Head of his Posterity But when Princes break with the People in those Promises that concern the Honour of God God will let their people break with them to their Ruin and Dishonour And this Maxim holds in all Powers whether Kingdoms or Common Wealths As they are established by Iustice so the Iustice of Religion which tends most to the Glory of God is principally to be observed The King grants them more than they desire but not so much as they hope for they have many good words thick sown but they produce little good fruit Yet the Parliament followed the Chace close and bolted out divers of the Nobility and Gentry of Eminency Popishly affected that had Earth'd themselves in Places of high Trust and Power in the Kingdom as if they meant to under-mine the Nation Viz. Francis Earl of Rutland the Duke of Buckingham's Wives Father Sir Thomas Compton that was married to the Duke's Mother And the Countess her self who was the Cynosure they all steered by The Earl of Castle-Haven The Lord Herbert after Earl of Worcester The Lord Viscount Colchester after Earl of Rivers The Lord Peter The Lord Morley The Lord Windsor The Lord Eure. The Lord Wotton The Lord Teinham The Lord Scroop who was Lord President of the North and which they omitted the Earl of Northampton Lord President of Wales who married his Children to Papists and permitted them to be bred up in Popery Sir William Courtney Sir Thomas Brudnell Sir Thomas Somerset Sir Gilbert Ireland Sir Francis Stonners Sir Anthony Brown Sir Francis Howard Sir William Powell Sir Francis Lacon Sir Lewis Lewkner Sir William Awberie Sir Iohn Gage Sir Iohn Shelly Sir Henry Carvel Sir Thomas Wiseman Sir Thomas Gerrard Sir Iohn Filpot Sir Thomas Russell Sir Henry Bedingfield Sir William Wrey Sir Iohn Conwey Sir Charles Iones Sir Ralph Connyers Sir Thomas Lamplough Sir Thomas Savage Sir William Moseley Sir Hugh Beston Sir Thomas Riddall Sir Marmaduke Wivel Sir Iohn Townesend Sir William Norris Sir
did and Harman for his Sordid and base carriage being ill beloved in the Countrey was found guilty but reprieved by the Iudges And Harman hearing the Lord Treasurer had a Secretary of his Name he applied himself to him promising to give him all his Estate having no Children if his Lord would bring him out of the Danger he was in which the Lord Treasurer by his power with the King did effect and Harman his Man within a short time after by the other's death injoyed an ample estate The King being a good Master did by his Bounty much indear his Servants unto him and seldom denied any man a Reasonable Sute This Treasurer by his Greatness also procured the King by Patent after the example of the Countess of Buckingham to create Elizabeth the Widow of Sir Moyle Fynch of Kent Viscountess of Maidstone A Lady of a great Fortune and having a Mind suitable to it she laid the Foundation of a Noble Family intailing not onely this Title but in the next King's Reign the Earldom of Winchelsey upon her now flourishing Posterity But it is thought this Treasurer got well by laying the ground-work to this great Structure For Copt-Hall a Noble Seat in Essex came to his hand from this Lady at a small value which is the principal House he left to his Family MAURITS Prins van Oranje While these things were in Motion Truth that comes often with a leaden-foot brought News out of the East-Indies that the year 1622. gave Birth to a Mischief of so horrid a countenance for a private one that no Time or Age could Parallel The Dutch while the English their great Supporters were fighting for them at their own doors grasping at all the Treasures and Spices of the Eastern World had not only wormed out the Spaniards and Portugals from many Islands and Colonies there but unbounded with Covetousnes and Ambition strove to hinder their Neighbours and best friends the English from that free Commerce with the Natives they ever enjoyed so that many Bickerings hapned among them till the Controversie was taken up by publick Treaty and Stipulation agreed on betwixt Our King and the States of the Netherlands in the year one thousand six hundred and nineteen And according to this agreement the English being as they thought secure planted their Factories among them where after they had reaped the fruit of their great danger and hazard for some two years with much grumbling and repining the Dutch began to practise their utter Extirpation Not by a Massacre for that had been a merciful Mischief but by torture to make their Cruelty Iustice in so horrid and savage a manner as if they had sucked their Rage from Indian Tigers Amboina was the bloody Stage where they acted this black Tragedie and Fire and Water were their Engins which are ever cruel Masters when they get Power For pretending the chief Agent Captain Gabriel Towerson and the rest of the English Factory had an intention by the assistance of some few poor Iaponeses to possess themselves of the Castle and expel the Dutch out of the Island they seized upon them and set their bloody Engins a work having no other Accusers but them The racks extending their Sinews drew them out at length and the waters which they subtilly forced into their Mouths by their own respiration and breathing swelled all their Bodies to a huge Proportion making their very eyes ready to bolt out of their Heads and such whose sturdy innocence would not be compelled to accuse themselves they burned the soles of their feet with candles till the moisture which dropt from them extinguished the flame and with those burning instruments made such holes in their sides that they might see their entrails yet would not see their innocence So exquisite were they in their Devillish Cruelty as will be gastly to express what was it then to suffer Thus having tired the poor Men with Tortures and they being willing to the quickly confest whatsoever their cruel Tormentors would have them say The Dutch having in this furnace wrought them to accuse themselves with their pestilent formality got their Confessions under their hands and so concluded their Barbarism with cutting off some of their heads There were not twenty Englishmen nor above thirty Iaponeses in the whole Island with whom they were said to machinate this Conspiracy and the Castle had in it two hundred Dutch Souldiers and eight Ships riding before it well manned whereof two of them were above twelve hundred tuns a peece Besides the Dutch had two other Castles in the same Island and what Probability could there be if the Plot were as plain as their Malicious tongues could make it that so weak a force should attempt upon so many having Men enough in the Ships and Castles to have devoured the Attempters And if they had effected their work what would the end have been but ruin to their Estates and everlasting Infamy to their Memories knowing the Dutch were by the last agreements to have that Castle confirmed by the King who hated Treason in any Man with his very Soul Whereas the Men were of well-known upright conversation loathing such baseness and every man of them with Christian impressions sealed the last Gasp of his life with a Protestation of his Innocency Ten of the English lost their lives whereof Captain Towerson was one the rest with racked burnt and Macerated Bodies were sent out of the Island to other English Plantations and so the whole Factory was destroyed The Dutch seizing into their hands greedily which they only gaped after the whole Trade which they have eversince injoyed And to put a fairer Gloss upon this mad mischief nine Iaponeses and one Portugal that they would needs have to be Complotters with the English were racked poor men to the same Confession and then executed there being more Horror in the examination of the fault than in the Punishment of it This Cruelty had made an incurable wound betwixt the two Nations the noise of it giving Animosity enough but that it was new skin'd over the bloody Garment taken off by Dutch Apologies and presented at the Court with a face of Iustice. For nothing must come thither but in such attire as the great Ones about the King will please to put upon it who might be wrought to any temper by that Forge that could frame such flagitious Actions for they that had Babarism enough to perpetrate the one had Baseness enough to practice the other But leaving their Consciences besmeared with this Gore which they cannot wipe off but may stick to them yet Proceed to the Story All this while count Mansfeldt wanted imployment and having prepared his way both in France and England for gathering an Army he shipt himself in Zealand in the Speedwel a ship of King 's commanded by Sir Iohn Chidley that was sent expressly for his transport which in going out run upon the Sands and was with
so some things are not to be concealed for it derogates from the glory of God to have his Justice obscured his remarkable Dispensations smothered as if We were angry with what the Divne Power hath done who can debase the Spirits of Princes and is mighty among the Kings of the earth And though the Priests lips should keep knowledge yet as the Prophet saith he can make them contemptible and base before all the people And therefore why should we grudge and repine at God's Actions for his thoughts are not as our thoughts nor his wayes as our wayes His Judgments should teach us Wisdom and his glorious proceedings should learn us Righteousness that his Anger may be turned away from us And let them that stand take heed lest they fall For though God rewarded Jehu with the Kingdom for the good service he did him yet because he walked not with him God visited the house of Jehu and laid the blood of Jezreel which he was commanded to shed upon the head of his Posterity But all the Arguments of Men and Angels will neither penetrate nor make impression in some ill-composed Tempers till they are softned with the fire of Love and that holy Flame is best kindled with Patience by willingly submitting to the al-disposing Providence that orders every thing Before whose Altar waiting for the Season of Grace I will ever bring the best fruits of my Labours But if that which I intend should not come to Perfection the day of man's life being but as a Dawning and his time as a Span I will never be displeased with my Master in long and dangerous Labours for calling me away to rest before my work is done FINIS The Table An Index exactly pointing to the most material Passages in this HISTORY A CRuelty at Amboyna 281 Queen Ann an Enemy to Somerset 78 80. Her Death 129. and Character ibid. Anhalt the Prince thereof intimate with the Count Palatine persuades him to accept of the Crown of Bohemia 132. Is made General of the Bohemian Forces 135. His good Success at first in routing of Bucquoy's Army 140. Is overthrown afterwards by the Duke of Bavaria 141. Fliâ—s so doth Helloc his Lieutenant General ibid. and afterwards submits to the Emperor 142 Ansbach the Marquess thereof Commander in Chief of the Forces raised by the Protestant Princes of Germany in defence of the Palatinate 135. for slowes a fair advantage over Spinola 138. His Answer to the Earl of Essex ib. with Sir Vere's Reply thereunto 139 Lady Arabella dies 90 Arch-bishop Whitgift's Saying concerning King Iames at Hampton-Court Conference 8. his Character Dies when ibid. Arch-bishop Bancroft succeeds Whitgift in the See of Canterbury 8. Dies his Character 53 Arch-bishop Abbot accidentally kills a Kâ—eper 198. his Letter to the King against a Toleration in Religion 236. yet sets his hand as a Witness to the Articles of Marriage with the Infanta 237 Arch-bâ—shop of Spalato comes into England his Preferment here relapses to the Roman Church dies at Rome His manner of Burial 102 Arguments about the Union of England and Scotland 34. for and against a Toleration 237 Articles agreed on concerning the Marriage of the Infanta 212. Preamble and Post-script to the Articles 238. Private Article sworn to by the King 240 Arundel and Lord Spencer quarrel 163. Arundel thereupon commited to the Tower his Submission ibid. August the fifth made Holy-day 12. B Bacon's Speech in Star-Chamber against Hollis Wentworth and Lumsden 84 He is made Lord Chancellour 97. is questioned 158. His humble Submission and Supplication 159. His Censure 160. The Misery he was brought to his Description and his Character ibid. Bancroft succeeds Whitgift in the Archbishoprick of Canterbury 8. dies Character 53 Barnevelt opposes the Prince of Orange 125. Is seized on together with his Complices 127. his Sentence and Death ib. His imployments 128 Baronets a new order made 76 Battail of Fleury 217 Benevolence required but opposed 78 Bishops in Scotland to injoy their temporal Estates 8 Black-Friers the downful there 241 Blazing-Star 128 Bounty of King Iames 76 Boy of Bilson his Impostures discovery very and confession 107 c. Bristol forbid to deliver the Procuration for Espousals 254. Hath Instructions to demand the Palatinate and Electoral dignity 155. without the restitution of which the Treaty for the Match should proceed no further 256. Bristol sent to the Tower but gains his liberty by submission 272 Brunswick loses his Arm 217. raises a gallant Army 142. and is defeated 145 Buckingham made Marquess Master o the Horse and High Admiral 147. Rules all ibid. His Kindred advanced ib. A lover of Ladies 149. Marries the Earl of Rutland's Daughter ib. over-ruled by his Mother ibid. Gondemar writes merrily concerning her into Spain ib. Buckingham's Medicine to cure the King 's Melancholy 218. made Duke 229. He and Olivarez quarrel 249. Goes to the Fleet sent from England to attend the Prince home 250. His Relation to the Parliament of the transactions in Spain 263. He is highly commended by the People 264. accused of Treason by the Spanish Ambassadour 272 New Buildings within two mile of the City of London forbid by Proclamation 48 Bergben ap Zome besieged 216. The Siege raised 218 Breda besieged 28 Butler a Mountebank his story 287 C Car. a Favourite and the occasion thereof 54. made Viscount Rochester and soon after Knight of the Garter 55. opposed by Prince Henry ib. rules all after the death of Prince Henry and Salisbury 65. Is assisted by Overbury 66. with Northampton plots Overbury's death and why ib. created Earl of Somerset and married to the Divorced Countess of Essex 72. both Feasted at Merchant-Tailors Hall ib. Vid. Somerset Cecil holds correspondence with the King of Scotland 2. His put-off to the Queen his secret conveyances being like to be discovered ib. proclaims the late Queens Will ibid. made Earl of Salisbury 7. vid. Salisbury Ceremonie Sermon against them 11 Chelsey College 53 Commissioners for an Union betwixt England and Scotland 27 High-Commission a Grievance 46 House of Commons their Declaration 164. Their Remonstrance 167. House of Commons discontent 188 their Protestation ibid. Conference at Hampton-Court 7. where the King puts an end to the business 8 Conwey and Weston sent Ambassadors into Bohemia 133. Their Characters ib. Their Return 142 Cook Lord Chief Justice blamed 89 90. a breach betwixt him and the Lord Chancellor why 74. brought on his Knees at the Council-Table 95. his Censure 96. his faults ib. his Character 97. Is again in disgrace 191 D Denmark's King comes into England his Entertainment 33. His second coming 76 Diet at Ratisbone where an agitation concerning the Electoral Dignity 220. The result thereof 224 Digby sent Leidger Ambassador into Spain to Treat of a Marriage between the Prince of Wales and the Infanta of Spain 143. made Baron of Sherborn 144. Sent to the Emperor for a punctual answer concerning the Palatinate 154. His Return and Relation to the
more Forces Obstructed by Gondemar Papists flourish Gondemar's power Prevails with both Sexes Buckingham rules all A Duel betwixt Compton and Bird. The Countess of Buck. rules her Son Buckingham a lover of Ladies The King calls a Parliament Sir Rob. Cotton Hen. 3. Jesuits swarm A Satyrical Sermon The Parliament meet the 20 Ian. The King's Speech to the Parliament The Parliament comply with the King Doncaster's Ambassy expensive He is feasted by the Pr. of Orange His short character Digby goes into Germ. The peoples grievances Mompesson and Michel actors in them The Parliaments goodness The King's Speech discanted on Buckingham Master of the Work Michel censured His Supplication Extortion and Bribery the Vices of the Times His censure His description and character Parties in Parliament Spencer and Arundel quarrel Arundel committed His Submission The Parliament adjourned The Commons Declaration The King pleased with it Dighie's return His Relation to the Parliament Seconded The King prevails not abroad nor at home The People and Parliament against the Match A Remonstrance of the House of Commons The King vext at it The Protestant Religion in danger Hicks and Fairfax The King's Letter to the Speaker The Parliaments Petition An humble Parliament And a Pious The King wanted money not advice An. Christi 1621. The King's Answer False play justly rewarded Wars good to prevent wars The King and People Competitors Discourses upon the Kings Answer The Parliament the Kings Merchants The higher House offended They Petition The King angry The Commons discontent Their Protestation The King's trouble increases The Parliament is dissolved A Proclamation against talking Oxford and Southampton committed Sir Ed. Cook in disgrace Some punished some preferred The King dishonoured abroad Car. Bandino Car. Lodâ—visio An. Reg. 20. An. Christi 1622. Lord Keeper's Letter to the Judges His Preferment Character and part of his Story Archbishop Abbat kills a Keeper Arminianisin flourished The King's Letter for regulating the Ministery Observations upon the Directions Papists the fomenters Regians and Republicans The King active in the Treaty The Articles of marriage long a setling Quo semel est imbuta Recens servabit odorem Testa diu Our King's Resolution Sent to Digby in Spain Spanish jugling Austrian jugling An. Reg. 20. An. Christi 1622. The King abused Digby faulty 2. Letter to Digby Gondemar 's Master-piece 3. Letter to Digby The Palat. lost The Palatinate a strong Countrey Our King satisfied of Spainesâ— good intentions Articles of Marriage The Pope extended this Article Habeat exiam Ecclesiam publicam Londini c. Holy Roman Ch. Spanish delusion The King of Spain's letter to Olivares Bergen besieged by Spinola The Battail of Fleury Brunswick's Arm shot off Spinola raises his Siege Buckingham's Medicine to cure the King 's melancholy The King's Choler His sanguine His Flegmatick Humor A Diet at Ratisbone 7 Ian. The opinion of the Protestant Princes The opinion of the Popish Princes The Reply of the Protestant Princes The Emperour's Reply The Elector of Saxony The Protestants answer Result of all The Prince's journey into Spain By Dover Paris Burdeaux At Madrid His Royal entertainment The English Nobility flock into Spain The Spanish strive to pervert the Prince So doth the Pope By his Letters The Pope's cunning The Prince's answer A fatal Letter The Dispensation comes to Madrid The Archbishops letter to the King against a Toleration Arguments for and against a Toleration An. Reg. 21. An. Christ. 1623. The Match concluded in England The Preamble to the Articles Private Articles sworn to Jesuits swarm Dispute publickly An. Reg. 20. An. chisti 1623. A great judgment or an unfortunate mishap Brunswick raises an Army Thier Order in Marching The General of the Horse falters So doth the Sergeant Major General Brunswick's Army defeated The condition of France The Match concluded in Spain The Palatine affairs waved New Resolutions on both sides Buckingham angry The Duke and Olivares quartel Gifts and presents on both sides The Prince leaves Madrid The Prince feasted there The King 's Prince's compliments parting The Prince in danger by a Tempest A demur upon the espousals The Prince comes to Court cold in his Spanish affections Preparation in Spain for the Marriage Spanish delaies retaliated Thoughts of a Match with France A Parliament Summoned The Duke of Richmond dies suddenly Of her Visitants The King's Speech to the Parliament The Bishop of Lincolns short Harangue Feb. 24. Buckinghams Relation to the Parliament The Duke highly esteemed Little deserved An. Reg. 21. An. Christi 1624. The Parliament advise the King to break the Treaties with Spain The King's Letter to Secretary Conway Conjectures on the King's Letter The King 's 2. speech to both Houses An. Reg. 22. An. Christi 1624. The Parliament close with the King Their Declaration The Treaties with Spain dissolved The Spanish Ambassadour accuses Buckingham of Treason Bristol sent toâ— the Tower The Parliaments Petition against Recusants The King prepared for it The Kings answers to the Parliaments Petitions 23. Apt. The King promises much performs little a swarm of Popery Herba mimosa The Lord Treasurer questioned in Parliament Harman's story The Lady Finch Viscountess of Maidstone Cruelty at Amboina The English accused of Treason The improbability of the Attempt by the English 1619 Mansfeldt goes into England Forces raised for him The design ruined The death of the Earl of Southampton and his son The death of the Marquess Hamilton The death of the King An. Christi 1625. The Death of Maurice Prince of Orange 23. Apr. 1625. The death of the Earl of Oxford The King patient in sickness Lamb a Witch Butler a Mountebank The Description of King Iames.
Peer that was nobly descended he could not be justified but was enjoyned by the House to give the Lord Spencer such satisfaction as they prescribed which his Greatness refusing to obey he was by the Lords sent Prisoner to the Tower and Spencer re-admitted into the House again When Arundle was well cooled in the Tower and found that no Power would give him Liberty but that which had restrained him rather blaming his rashness than excusing his stubborness his great Heart humbled it self to the Lords betwixt a Letter and a Petition in these words To the Right Honourable the Lords Spiritual and Temporal in the Higher House of Parliament assembled May it please your Lordships WHere as I stand committed here by your Lordships Order for having stood upon performing some part of that which was injoined me by your Lordships which I did rather in respect the time was short for advice than out of any intent to disobey the House for which I have suffered in this place till now I do therefore humbly beseech your Lordships to construe of what is past according to this my profession and for the time to come to believe that I both understand so well your Lordships power to command and your nobleness and tenderness to consider what is fit as I do and will wholly put myself upon your Honors and perform what is or shall be injoyned me So beseeching your Lordships to construe these lines as proceeding from a heart ready to obey you in what you command I rest Your Lordships most humble Servant Thomas Arundle Tower 2 June 1621. Upon this submission the Lords commanded him to be sent for and presenting himself at the Bar of the House with the accustomed Humility that Offenders do he thus expressed himself Because I have committed a fault against this House in not obeying all the Order that your Lordships commanded me I do here acknowledg this my fault and ask your Lordships pardon for the same and am ready to obey all your Lordships commands Thus this great Lord though he fluttered in the Air of the Court and mounted by that means upon the Wings of Passion was glad to stoop when consideration lured him to it lest by the heat that he himself made melting the Waxen Plumes that he thought would have supported him his suffering might have been a greater mischief to him than his submission so sour and severe a School-master is Passion to be both Author and Punisher of our Errors yea making the best Natures often correct themselves most The fourth of Iune this year the Parliament had a Recess the King being to go his Progress wherein some Lords and others of the Parliament were to attend him For it seems his business was not yet ripe for the Parliament and he was loth they should have too much leisure therefore they were not to meet again till the eighth of February following which being a long time of Vacancy the House of Commons before they parted took the Miseries of the Palatinate into serious debate and though they felt the King's pulse and knew the beat of his thought when he spake of providing an Army this Summer for the recovery of it and would engage his Crown Blood and Soul for it finding him apt to say what he had no will to do yet they were so wise as not to slacken or draw back in so good a work that if there were a failing it should not be on their side knowing how much Religion was concerned in it for to the appearance of Reason the triumphing Emperor and Universal King would quickly tread all under foot therefore with one voice none daring to oppose they made this Declaration THe Commons assembled in Parliament taking into most serious consideration the present state of the King's Children abroad and generally afflicted estate of the true Professors of the same Christian Religion professed by the Church of England in Forreign Parts and being touched with a true sence and fellow-feeling of their distresses as Members of the same Body do with unanimous consent in the name of themselves and the whole Body of the Kingdom whom they represent declare unto his most excellent Majesty and to the whole World their hearty grief and sorrow for the same and do not only joyn with them in their humble and Devout Prayers unto Almighty God to protect his true Church and to avert the Dangers now threatned but also with one heart and voice do solemnly protest That if his Majestie s pious endeavours by Treaty to procure their Peace and Safety shall not take that good effect which is desired in Treaty wherefore they humbly beseech his Majesty not to suffer any longer delay that then upon signification of his Majestie s pleasure in Parliament they shall be ready to the utmost of their Powers both with their lives and fortunes to assist him so as that by the Divine Help of Almighty God which is never wanting unto those who in his fear shall undertake the defence of his own Cauâ—e he may be able to do that with his Sword which by a peaceable Course shall not be effected The King took this Declaration of the Commons in very good Part and meant when occasion served to make good use of it For as he found them forward enough to begin a War so he knew his own constitution backward enough the Sword being in his Hand and did fore-see an advantage arising from a Medium betwixt the Parliament and him if he could bring his Ends about which he after put in practice but it broke all to pieces and now away he goes on his Progress Towards Winter the Lord Digby returns from his soliciting journey in Germany His first addresses he made to the Emperour his second to the Duke of Bavaria and his last to the Infanta at Bruxels and all to as little purpose as if he had stayed at home that three-fold Cord twisted by the power of Spain was not easily to be broken Some little twilight and scintil of Hope was given him by the Emperour for restitution of the Palatinate yet not so much as would discover the error of our easie belief But the Bavarian had already swallowed the Electurate and his Voraginous appetite gaped after the possession of the Countrey though the English there were bones in his way Digby being arrived at Court and bringing him with doubtful answers from the Emperour and sullen ones from the Duke of Bavaria the King thought it good Policy to shorten the long Recess till February and to re-assemble the Parliament the 20 th of November that meeting before their Time it might more amaze them and intimate some extraordinary Cause which happily might produce some extraordinary effect if well mannag'd And as incident thereunto he gave order to Digby as soon as the Parliament assembled to make relation to the Houses of his proceedings there which he did in these words IT pleased his Majesty to