Selected quad for the lemma: lord_n

Word A	Word B	Word C	Word D	Occurrence	Frequency Band	MI	MI Band	Prominent
lord_n	earl_n	john_n	king_n	50,169	5	4.1692	3	true

Text snippets containing the quad

ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A38811	Sylva, or, A discourse of forest-trees, and the propagation of timber in His Majesties dominions as it was deliver'd in the Royal Society the XVth of October, MDCLXII upon occasion of certain quæries propounded to that illustrious assembly, by the Honourable the Principal Officers, and Commissioners of the Navy : to which is annexed Pomona, or, An appendix concerning fruit-trees in relation to cider, the making, and severall wayes of ordering it published by expresse order of the Royal Society : also Kalendarivm hortense, or, the Gard'ners almanac, directing what he is to do monthly throughout the year / by John Evelyn ...	Evelyn, John, 1620-1706.	1670 (1670)	Wing E3517; ESTC R586	328,786	359

But a Wise and a Thinking Man can need none of these Topics in every Hedge and every Field they are before him and yet we do not admire them because they are Common and obvious Thus we fall into the just reproach given by one of the Philosophers introduc'd by the Oratour to those who slighted what they saw every-day because they every-day saw them Quasi Novitas nos magis quàm magnitudo rerum debeat ad exquirendas causas excitare As if Novelty onely should be of more force to ingage our enquiry into the Causes of Things than the Worth and Magnitude of the Things themselves Resonate montes Laudationem SYLVA Et omne Lignum ejus FINIS POMONA OR AN APPENDIX CONCERNING FRUIT-TREES In relation to CIDER The Making and several ways of Ordering it VIRG. Eclog. ix Carpent tua Poma nepotes LONDON Printed by John Martyn and James Allestry Printers to the Royal Society MDCLXX To the Right Honourable THOMAS Earl of SOVTHAMPTON Lord HIGH TREASURER OF ENGLAND c. My Lord IF great Examples did not support it the dignity and greatness of your Person would soon have given cheque to this presumption But since Emperours and Kings have not only gratefully accepted Works of this nature but honor'd them likewise with their own sacred hands that Name of yours which ought indeed never to appear but on Instruments of State and fronts of Marble consecrating your Wisdom and Vertues to Eternity will be no way lessen'd by giving Patronage to these appendant Rusticities It is from the Protection and Cherishment of such as your Lordship is that these Endeavours of ours may hope one day to succeed and be prosperous The noblest and most useful Structures have laid their Foundations in the Earth if that prove firm here and firm I pronounce it to be if your Lordship favour it We shall go on and flourish I speak now in relation to the Royal Society not my self who am but a Servant of it only and a Pioner in the Works But be its fate what it will Your Lordship who is a Builder and a lover of all Magnificences cannot be displeas'd at these agreeable Accessories of Planting and of Gard'ning But my Lord I pretend by it yet some farther service to the State than that of meerly profit if in contributing to your divertisement I provide for the Publick health which is so precious and necessary to it in your excellent Person Vouchsafe POMONA your Lordships hand to kiss and the humble Presenter of these Papers the honour of being esteem'd My Lord Your most humble and most obedient Servant J. EVELYN POMONA Or An APPENDIX Concerning FRUIT-TREES In relation to CIDER The Making and several ways of Ordering it THE PREFACE SAt Quercus was the Proverb and it is now time to walk out of the Woods into the Fields a little and to consider what Advancement may be there likewise made by the planting of FRUIT-TREES For after the Earth is duly cultivated and pregnant with a Crop of Grain it is only by the Furniture of such Trees as bear Fruit that it becomes capable of any farther Improvement If then by discovering how this may best be effected I can but raise a worthy emulation in our Country-men this addition of noble Ornament as well as of Wealth and Pleasure Food and Wine may I presume obtain some grateful admittance amongst all Promoters of Industry But before I proceed I must and do ingenuously acknowledge that I present my Reader here with very little of my own save the pains of collecting and digesting a few dispers'd Notes but such as are to me exceedingly precious which I have receiv'd some from worthy and most experienc'd Friends of mine and others from the well-furnish'd Registers and Cimelia of the ROYAL SOCIETY Especially those Aphorisms and Treatises relating to the History of Cider which by express commands they have been pleas'd to injoyn I should publish with my Sylva It is little more than an Age since Hops rather a Medical than Alimental Vegetable transmuted our wholesome Ale into Beer which doubtless much alter'd our Constitutions That one Ingredient by some not unworthily suspected preserving Drink indeed and so by custom made agreeable yet repaying the pleasure with tormenting Diseases and a shorter life may deservedly abate our fondness to it especially if with this be consider'd likewise the casualties in planting it as seldom succeeding more than once in three years yet requiring constant charge and culture Besides that it is none of the least devourers of young Timber And what if a like care or indeed one quarter of it were for the future converted to the propagation of Fruit-trees in all parts of this Nation as it is already in some for the benefit of Cider one Shire alone within twenty miles compass making no less yearly than Fifty thousand Hogsheads the commutation would I perswade my self rob us of no great Advantage but present us with one of the most delicious and wholesom Beverages in the World It was by the plain Industry of one Harris a Fruiterer to King Henry the Eighth that the Fields and Environs of about thirty Towns in Kent only were planted with Fruit to the universal benefit and general Improvement of that County to this day as by the noble example of my Lord Scudamor and of some other publick-spirited Gentlemen in those parts all Herefordshire is become in a manner but one intire Orchard And when his Majesty shall once be pleas'd to command the Planting but of some Acres for the best Cider-fruit at every of his Royal Mansions amongst other of his most laudable Magnificences Noblemen wealthy Purchasers and Citizens will doubtless follow the Example till the preference of Cider wholesom and more natural Drinks do quite vanquish Hopps and banish all other Drogues of that nature But this Improvement say some would be generally obstructed by the Tenant and High-shoon-men who are all for the present profit their expectations seldom holding out above a year or two at most To this 't is answer'd That therefore should the Lord of the Mannour not only encourage the Work by his own Example and by the Applause of such Tenants as can be courted to delight in these kinds of Improvements but should also oblige them by Covenants to plant certain Proportions of them and to preserve them being planted To fortifie this profitable Design It were farther to be desir'd that if already there be not effectual provision for it which wants only due execution and quickning an Act of Parliament might be procur'd for the Setting but of two or three Trees in every Acre of Land that shall hereafter be enclosed under the Forfeiture of Six-pence per Tree for some publick and charitable Work to be levy'd on the Defaulters To what an innumerable multitude would this in few years insensibly mount affording infinite proportions and variety of Fruit throughout the Nation which now takes a Potion for a refreshment

Hop-poles where the Parson or Vicar has tythe Hops in this case he shall not have tythe of Hop-poles If a great wood consist chiefly of Vnder wood Tythable and some great trees of Beech or the like grow dispersedly amongst them Tythe is due unlesse the Custom be otherwise of all both great and lesser together And in like manner if a wood consist for the most part of Timber trees with some small scatterings of Vnder-wood amongst them no Tythe shall be paid for the Vnder wood or Bushes Trin. 19 Jac. B.R. Adjudg 16 Jac. in C.B. Leonards case No Tythe is to be paid of Common of Estovers or the wood burnt in ones House Now as to the manner of Payment To give the Parson the Tenth Acre of Wood in a Coppice or the tenth Cord provided they are equal is a good payment and setting forth of Tythe especially if the Custom confirm it The Tythe of Mast of Oak or Beech if sold must be answer'd by the tenth Penny if eaten by Swine the worth of it And thus much we thought sit to add concerning Predial Tythes who has desire to be farther informed may consult my Lord Cook 's Rep. 11.48 49.81 Plow 470. Brownlows Rep. 1 part 94. 2 part 150. D. St. 169. c But let us see what others do 15. The King of Spain has neer Bilbao sixteen times as many Acres of Copse-wood as are sit to be cut for Coal in one year so that when 't is ready to be fell'd an Officer first marks such as are like to prove Ship-timber which are let stand as so many sacred and dedicate Trees But by this means the Iron works are plentifully supplied in the same place without at all diminishing the stock of Timber Then in Biscay again every Proprietor and other Plants three for one which he cuts down and the Law obliging them is most severely executed There indeed are few or no Copses but all are Pollards and the very lopping I am assur'd does furnish the Iron works with sufficient to support them 16. What the practise is for the maintaining of these kind of Plantations in Germany and France has already been observ'd to this Illustrious Society by the Learned Dr. Meret viz that the Lords and for the Crown-lands the Kings Commissioners divide the Woods and Forests into eighty partitions every year felling one of the divisions so as no wood is sell'd in less than fourscore years And when any one partition is to be cut down the Officer or Lord contracts with the Buyer that he shall at the distance of every twenty foot which is somewhat neer leave a good fair sound and fruitful Oak standing Those of 'twixt forty and fifty years they reckon for the best and then they are to fence these Trees from all sorts of Beasts and injuries for a competent time which being done at the season downfall the Acorns which with the Autumnal rains beaten into the earth take root and in a short time furnish all the Wood again where they let them grow for four or five years and then grub up some of them for Fuel or Transplantations and leave the most provable of them to continue for Timber 17. The French King permits none of his Oak woods though belonging some of them to Mounsieur his Royal Brother in Appenage to be cut down till his own Surveyors and Officers have first marked them out nor are any fell'd beyond such a Circuit Then are they sufficiently fenc'd by him who buys and no Cattle whatsoever suffer'd to be put in till the very seedlings which spring up of the Acorns are perfectly out of danger But these and many other wholsom Ordinances especially as they concern the Forest of Dean we have comprised in the late Statute of the twentieth of his Majesties Reign which I find Enacted five years after the first Edition of this Treatise And these Lawes are worthy our perusal as also the Statute prescribing a Scheme of Proportions for the several scantlings of Building-Timber besides what we have already touched Chap. 31. which you have 19 Car. 2. intituled An Act for the Re-building of London to which I refer the Reader CHAP. XXXIV The Paraenesis and Conclusion containing some Encouragements and Proposals for the Planting and Improvement of his Majesties Forests 1. SInce our Forests are undoubtedly the greatest Magazines of the Wealth and Glory of this Nation and our Oaks the truest Oracles of its perpetuity and happinesse as being the onely support of that Navigation which makes us fear'd abroad and flourish at Home it has been strangely wonder'd at by some good Patriots how it comes to passe that many Gentlemen have frequently repair'd or gain'd a sudden Fortune with Plowing part of their Parks and setting out their fat grounds to Gard'ners c. and very wild wood-land parcels as may be instanc'd in several places to dressers of Hop-yards c. whiles the Royal portion lyes folded up in a Napkin uncultivated and neglected especially those Great and ample Forests where though plowing and sowing has been forbidden a Royal Command and Design may well dispense with it and the breaking up of those Intervals advance the growth of the Trees to an incredible Improvement 2. It is therefore insisted on that there is not a cheaper easier or more prompt expedient to advance Ship timber than to solicit that in all his Majesties Forests VVoods and Parks the spreading Oak c. which we have formerly described be cherish'd by Plowing and sowing Barley Rye c. with due supply of culture and Soyl between them as far as may without danger of the Plow-share be broken up But this is onely where these Trees are arriv'd to some magnitude and stand at competent distances a hundred or fifty yards for their Roots derive relief far beyond the reach of any boughs as do the Wallnut-trees in Burgundy which stand in their best Plow'd lands 3. But that we may particularize in his Majesties Forests of Dean Sherewood c. and in some sort gratifie the Quaeries of the Honourable the principal Officers and Commissioners of the Navy I am advis'd by such as are every way judicious and of long experience in those parts that to enclose would be an excellent way But it is to be consider'd that the People viz. Foresters and Bordurers are not generally so civil and reasonable as might be wished and therefore to design a solid Improvement in such places his Majesty must assert his Power with a firm and high Resolution to reduce these men to their due Obedience and to a necessity of submitting to their own and the publick utility though they preserv'd their industry this way at a very tolerable rate upon that condition whiles some person of trust and integrity did regulate and supervise the Mounds and fences and destine some portions frequently set apart for the raising and propagating of Woods till the whole Nation were furnish'd for posterity 4. And which Work if his Majesty