should seeme vnto me alwayes a greater care and respect how to keepe themselues from all kinde of great heate the how to prouide for any store of great roste It had in it by report of them that should know best it some foure thousand and moe of very good able fighting men and sixe hundred horsemen at the least No question but that they were well furnished of all things appertaining thereunto especially so many good ships lying there and being so well stored with all manner of munition shot and powder as they were Of what wealth this towne should be I am not able to resolue the asker but as it should appeare by the great pillage by the common Souldiers and some Marriners too and by the goodly furnitures that were deâ—aced by the baser people and thereby vtterly lost and spoiled as not worth the carrying away and by the ouer great plenty of Wine Oyle Almonds Oliues Raisins Spices and other such Grocery wares that by the intemperate disorder of some of the rasher sort were knockt out and lay trampled vnder feet in euery common high way it should appeare that it was of some very mighty great wealth to the first owners though perchance not of any such great commodity to the last subduers for that I iudge that the better part was most riotously and intemperately spent and consumed The Wednesday Thursday and Friday following the Lords Generall spent in counsell about the disposing of all matters as well touching the towne and prisoners as also concerning all other matters thought meete of them in their honourable wisdomes and in all that meane while did shew such honourable bounty and mercy as is not able to be expressed For not onely the liues of euery one were spared but also there was an especiall care had that all the Religious as well men as women should be well and fauourably intreated whom freely without any manner of ransome or other molesiation they caused to be safely transported ouer to Port Saint Mary a Towne in a manner as faire as Cadiz but at that time as the case did stand certainely knowne to be of no wealth in the world and it was some sixe or seuen miles distant ouer against Cadiz in a manner as Paules is against Southwarke on the other side of the Bay in a part of Andaluzia subiect to the territorie of the Duke de Medina Sidonia Moreouer at the same instant they did appoint that worthy Knight Sir Amias Preston and some others in some conuenient Barkes to transport ouer to the said Towne safely and in good order a hundred or moe of the better sort of ancient gentlewomen and merchants wiues who were suffered to put vpon themselues some of them two yea some three suites Apparell with some conuenient quantitie of many Iewels Chaines and other ornaments belonging to their estate and degree Vpon Saturday being the six and twentieth Sir Iohn Winkfield knight was buried in honourable and warlike manner so farre forth as the circumstances of that time and place could permit At whose funerals the Nauie discharged a great part of their Ordnance in such order as was thought meete and conuenient by the Lords Generals command The seuen and twenty day being Sunday in the Abbey the diuine Seruice was had and a learned Sermon was made there by one Master Hopkins the right honourable Earle of Essex his Preacher a man of good learning and sweete vtterance and euen there the same day something before the Sermon was made these worthy Gentlemen following were Knighted by the Lord Generall And here I am to signifie by the way that two of these were Knighted three or foure daies before and some three or foure moe were Knighted after that time vpon certaine occasions but yet I hold it best and I trust without offence to recite their names in this place altogether SIr Samuel Bagnal Sir Arthur Sauage The Earle of Sussex The Lord Harbert The Lord Burke Count Lodowick Sir William Howard Sir George D'Eureux Sir Henry Neuel Sir Edmund Rich. Sir Richard Leuen Sir Peter Egomort Sir Anthonie Ashley Sir Henry Leonard Sir Richard Leuison Sir Horatio Vere Sir Arthur Throckmorton Sir Miles Corbet Sir Edward Conway Sir Oliuer Lambert Sir Anthony Cooke Sir Iohn Townesend Sir Christopher Heydon Sir Francis Popham Sir Philip Woodhouse Sir Alexander Clifford Sir Maurice Barkley Sir Charles Blunt Sir George Gifford Sir Robert Crosse. Sir Iames Escudamor Sir Urias Leigh Sir Iohn Leigh alias Lee. Sir Richard Weston Sir Richard Waâ—â—man Sir Iames Wootton Sir Richard Ruddal Sir Robert Mansfield Sir William Mounson Sir Iohn Bowles Sir Edward Bowes Sir Humfrey Druel Sir Amias Preston Sir Robert Remington Sir Iohn Buck. Sir Iohn Morgan Sir Iohn Aldridg Sir Iohn Asshindon Sir Mathew Browne Sir Iohn Acton Sir Thomas Gates Sir Gilly Mericke Sir Thomas Smith Sir William Pooley Sir Thomas Palmer Sir Iohn Stafford Sir Robert Louel Sir Iohn Gylbert Sir William Haruie Sir Iohn Gray Don Christ. Prince of Portugall Sir Iohn Vanderfoord Admirall of the Hollanders Sir Robert Dudley 8. August Being in Cadiz attending vpon my most honorable good Lord I talked with certaine of the Religious men such as I found learned whereof indeede there were some though not very many I talked also with the Bishop of Cusco there a graue aged comely man and being of late chosen to that Bishopricke he was as then to haue gone to the Indies had not we then taken him prisoner and so staied his iourney for that time It pleased the Lords generall to deale exceeding fauourably with this said Bishop of Cusco for it was their good pleasure to giue him his free passage without any ransome and therewithall to let him to vnderstand that they came not to deale with Church-men or vnarmed men or with men of peace weaklings and children neither was it any part of their meaning to make such a voyage for gold siluer or any other their wealth and riches c. But that their onely comming was to meet with their dishonorable practises and manifold iniuries and to deale with men of war and valour for the defence of the true honour of England and to let them to vnderstand that whensoeuer they attempted any base-conceited and dishonorable practise to their soueraigne Queen their Mistresse that it should be reuenged to the vttermost c. In this meane space while the Lords generall continued at Cadiz there came to them certaine poore wretched Turks to the number of eight and thirty that had bin a long time gally-slaues and either at the very time of the fight by Sea or else immediately thereupon taking the opportunity did then make their escape and did swim to land yeelding themselues to the mercy of their most honorable Lordships It pleased them with all speede to apparell them and to furnish them with mony and all other necessaries and to bestow on them a Barke and a Pilot to see them freely and safely conueied into
by West The eight wee kept the same course The ninth we kept still the same course The winde beganne to vere some thing to the Southward which had beene constant still from the Ilands of the Canaries vnto the Ilands of the West Indies And now began the winde to draw towards the West and then is it as constant there The reason I deferre to longer consideration The current setteth out of the Gulfe of Mexico and from the mayne shore Sunday the tenth we kept still the same course and had now but a small gale almost becalmed The eleuenth we continued the same course with the same small gale we went North. Tuesday the twelfth we kept the same course if any at all for for the most part we were becalmed Wednesday the thirteenth the calme continued the Sunne being extremely hot in the calme Thursday the fourteenth the calme continued as hot as before These dayes we ayred our Newland fish called Poore Iohn which proued ill done For after it was ayred it rotted the sooner being burnt in the same On Friday the fifteenth God sent vs a reasonable gale The sixteenth and seuenteenth the calme came againe Munday we had a good gale and went North and by West and North North-west The nineteenth twentieth and one and twentieth we had an excellent gale and ranne North North-west Then we cast out the Lead and looked out for land but found no ground nor saw no land and therefore we much doubted that the current had set vs very farre to the leeward of the place which wee were bound for being the Chesepian Bay but that could not be knowne till it pleased God to bring vs to land In the afternoone about sixe of the clocke we cast out the Lead againe and had ground in thirtie fathomes whereof we were glad and thanked God knowing we could not be farre from land Saturday the three and twentieth in the morning about eight of the clocke wee saw land in the height of 40. degrees and odde minutes very fine low land appearing farre off to bee full of tall Trees and a fine sandie shoare but a great siege we saw no Harbour and therefore coasted along to seeke one to the Northward the wind being at West Sunday the foure and twentieth the wind being about the North-east we beat hard to fetch an Head-land where we thought we saw an Harbour but when we came vp with it wee perceiued it was none and all our labour lost And therefore the wind beeing now more full in our teeth at the North-east wee considered it were better to put roome so that if the winde should stand then we should fetch the Bay of Chesepian which Master Gilbert so much thirsted after to seeke out the people for Sir Walter Raleigh left neere those parts in the yeere 1587. if not perhaps we might find some Road or Harbour in the way to take in some fresh water for now wee had none aboord On Munday the fiue and twentieth of Iuly at night wee came neere the mouth of the Bay but the wind blew so sore and the Sea was so high that the Master durst not put in that night into the Sea and so continued next day On Wednesday the seuen and twentieth at night the winde came faire againe and wee bare againe for it all night and the wind presently turned againe Thursday the eight and twentieth considering our extremitie for water and wood victuals and beere likewise consuming very fast we could no longer beate for it and therefore ran roomer determining for this time to seeke it no more Friday the nine and twentieth being not farre from the shoare which appeared vnto vs exceeding pleasant and full of goodly Trees and with some shew of the entrance of a Riuer our Captaine Baxtholomew Gilbert accompanied with Master Thomas Canner a Gentleman of Bernards Inne Richard Harison the Masters Mate Henry Kenton our Chirurgion and one Derricke a Dutchman went on shore in the Boate from the ship which lay aboue a mile from the land and with their weapons marched vp into the Countrey leauing two youths to keepe the Boate but shortly after the Indians set vpon them and one or two of them fell downe wounded in sight of our yong men that kept the Boat which had much a doe to saue themselues and it For some of the Indians roming downe to them would haue haled it on shore which notwithstanding they saued and with heauie hearts gat vnto the ship with the losse of their Captain and foure of their principall men Thus being but eleuen men and Boyes in all in the ship though our want of water and wood were great yet wee durst not aduenture the losse of any more of our small company in this place Therefore our Master Henry Sute tooke his course home for England by the Iâ—es of the Açores and fell first with the Pike and afterward entring into our Chanell had first sight of Portland and thence came vp the Riuer of Thames vnto Rateliffe about the end of September 1603. finding the Citie most grieuously infected with a terrible plague CHAP. XIII Extracts of a Virginian Voyage made An. 1605. by Captaine GEORGE WAYMOVTH in the Arch-angell Set forth by the Right Honorable HENRY Earle of South-hampton and the Lord TMOMAS ARVNDEL written by IAMES ROSIER VPon Easter day the last of March the winde comming at North North-east about fiue of the clocke after noone we weighed anchor and put to Sea from the Downes in the Name of God being very well victualled and furnished with Munition and all necessaries our whole companie being nine and twenty persons of whom I dare boldly say few Voyages haue beene manned forth with better Sea-men generally in respect of our small number Munday the thirteenth of May about eleuen of the clocke in the fore-noone our Captaine iudging we were not farre from Land sounded and we had soft oze in an hundred and sixty fathome at foure of the clocke after noone wee sounded againe and had the like oze in an hundred fathome From ten a clocke that night till three a clocke in the morning our Captain tooke in all Sayles and lay at hull being desirous to fall with the Land in the day time because it was an vnknown Coast which it pleased God in his mercy to grant vs otherwise surely we had runne our Shippe vpon the hidden Rockes and perished all for when we set sayle we sounded in an hundred fathom and by eight a clocke hauing not made aboue fiue or sixe leagues our Captaine vpon a sudden change of water supposing verily he saw the sand presently sounded and had but fiue fathome much maruelling because we saw no Land he sent one to the top who descried a whitish sandy Clisse which bare West North-west about sixe leagues off but comming neerer within three or foure leagues we saw many breaches still neerer the Land At last we espied a great
of Codfish it is well knowne vnto you Salmons Eeles Mackarell Herrings Lance Caplin Dog fish Hollibuts Flowkes Lobsters Crabs and Muskles All and more then all these are here in great plentie very good and sweet meat The wild fruit and berries are small Peares Cherries Nuts Resberries Strawberries Barberries Dewberrics Hurtleberries with others all good to eate Many faire Flowers I haue seene here which I cannot name although I had learned Gerrards Herball by heart But wild Roses are here both red and damaske as fragrant and faire as in England All our Corne and Seedes haue prospered well and are already growne almost to perfect maturitie c. THE SECOND PART OF THE TENTH BOOKE CHAP. X. Diuers Warlike Fleets set forth to Sea against the Spaniards by our English DEBORA Queene ELIZABETH of Glorious memory Her manifold Deliueries and Victories LOI the Man whose Mâ—se 〈…〉 s'd on Plantations New England Virgin Bermude Newfound-landed Lawrell for oliue take and make Relations Of Armes Harmes Fights Frights Flights Depopulations Romes Buls Spaines broyles Irelands 〈◊〉 Traitors branded GOD Angels Winds Seas Men Elizas Glory Conspire Shee outlines Death â—n Heauen in Story HAile greatest of English Names Glorious ELIZABETH Nor may wee after thy voyage and peregrination out of this World vnto thy true and heauenly home Country forget the great Acts of thy earthly Pilgrimage Thou wast indeed the Mother of English Sea-greatnesse and didst first by thy Generalls not salute alone but awe and trrrifie the remotest East and West stretching thy long and strong armes to India to China to America to the Peruvian Seas to the Californian Coast and New Albions Scepters Thou mad'st the Northerne Muscouite admire thy Greatnesse Thou gauest name to the North-west Straits Meta Incognita and the Southern Negros and Ilands of the South-vnknowne-continent which knew not humanitie were compelled to know Thee Thou imbracedst the whole earthly Globe in thy Maritime Armes thou freedst England from Easterlings and Lumbards borrowed legs and taughtst her not onely to stand and goe without helpe but become helpe to our friends and with her own Sea forces to stand against yea to stand vpon and stampe vnder feet the proudest of her foes Thou wast a Mother to thy Neighbours Scots French Dutch a Mirrour to the remotest of Nations Great Cumberland twelue voyages before recited are thine and the fiery vigor of his Martiall Spirit was kindled at thy bright Lamp quickened by the Great Spirit of ELIZABETH Drake Candish Iohn and Richard Hawkins Raleigh Dudley Sherley Preston Greenuile Lancaster Wood Raimund Leuison Monson Winter Frobisher Daâ—â—es and other the Star-worthies of Englands Sphere whose Planet-courses we haue before related acknowledge ELIZAS Orb to be their First and highest Mouer How many Royall Fleets did shee set forth In the yeeres 85. and 87. those vnder Sir Francis Drake before mentioned as that also in 95. vnder him and Sir Iohn Hawkins another Fleet 1590. vnder Sir Iohn Hawkins and Sir Martin Frobisher to the Ilands also 1591. the Iland Fleet vnder the Lord Thomas Howard now Earle of Suffolke that 1592. by Sir Iohn Burroughs and Sir Robert Crosse when the Madre de Dios was taken and another Carrike burnt An. 1594. Shee sent forth a Fleet to Brest where Frobusher was slaine Another 1599. vnder the Lord Thomas Howard A. 1600. vnder Sir Richard Leuison a Fleet to the Ilands 1601. another to Ireland A. 1602. vnder Sir Richard Leuison and Sir William Manson and another vnder the same Commanders 1603. as bequeathing in her fatall extreames Marine Actions and Glory to her Successour These and other her Sea-glories I purpose not here to dilate hauing already handled some of them but haue singled from the rest the actions of 88. 89. 96. and 97. praemising somthing as a Preface of the great deliuerances which God vouch safed that Virgin Queen That Church which is mystically called The woman drunken with the bloud of Saints had begun to persecute her from her birth Pope Clement the sixt decreeing against her Mothers mariage and Pope Paul the third thundring a terrible sentence against her Fathers Soueraigntie And although King Henry had first enacted against his daughters and after for them by Parliamentary authoritie yet when King Edward which vsed to call her his sweet sister Temperance was dead there wanted not some which extruded both the sisters and obtruded another succession Queene Mary dispersing that storme raised another wherein shee was exposed to the columnies of fairesoule-mouthed sycophants which would haue stained the reigne of that Queene otherwise branded as short bloudy vnfortunate with the slaughter of that Royall Virgin Story and others saying That in vaine the boughs of Heresie were lopped off if the Root were suffered to continue Long and straight imprisonment shee indâ—red and was forced by them to Masse Confession and externall profession of that Romish Catholiâ—â—sme which perhaps had not diuerted her enemies designe had not the peruersâ—st of her enemies Gardiner beene auerted by his owne death and had not also King Philip with the Spaniards enuied to the French so rich an Inheritance as by Queene M 〈…〉 death without â—ssue which could scarsly from her sicke and aged body be expect was likely to fall vpon Queene Mary of Scotland betrothed to the Dolphin of France whereby the Spanish greatnesse already embroyled enough was likely to bee ouermatched by the French increased with addition of three mightie Kingdomes Queene Mary dying and Cardinall Poole with many Prelates as it were attending her exequies with their owne with generall applause Shee was acknowledged Queen Her first care was to restore Religion notwithstanding the dangers thence incompassing her shee also reiected the mariage with King Philip whereof hee had treated with her by the Earle of Feria his Embassadour promising to procure thereunto the Popes dispensation neither admitted shee the offered match of Charles sonne to Ferdinand the Emperour and when Henry the French King by the Guisians was perswaded to challenge England to his sonne and daughter in law causing them to vse her title Francis Mary by the Grace of God King and Queene of Scotland England and Ireland and prepared Warres against her God tooke him out of the world being s 〈…〉 e at a Talt sport The new King and Queene continued their former challenge Title and Ensignes which gaue no small occasions of those euills which afterwards inuolued her breeding a great d 〈…〉 gust betwixt those two greatest Ladies which Christendome had both Heires to an absolute Souereigntie Shee expelled the French out of Scotland stablished the affaires of Ireland procured armour and weapons out of Germany caused much Artillery to bee cast of Brasse and Iron new Mynes of Brasse being sound at Keswicke and the stone Calammaris vsefull for Brasse-workes found here also prouision for Gunpowder was first at her commandement made here at home Barwicke fortified the Nauie furnished the Sea Townes imitating her example and increasing
dayly in Nauall forces answered by Martiall Spirits for Land and Sea seruice Thus did God blesse her that had glorified him in establishing his Truth notwithstanding the pouertie of the State at her entrance deepely indetted by her predecessours and the saint friendship or professed enmitie of Rome and all her disciples Thus shall it bee done to the Woman God will honour and more then thus for what was all the time of her reigne but vicissitudes of Treasons Warres and manifold externall and internall broyles and yet in an admirable working of Diuine Grace when had England so long and flourishing peace at home or glory and renowme abroad as if hee which brought light out of darknesse would permit all such contrary workings to bee the object of his goodnesse the fewell and materialls of her greatnesse Arthur Poole the fourth yeere of her reigne abused the greatnesse of his bloud with other conspirators to the Guisâ—â—n purposes but taken and sentenced receiued not bloudie reward from her mild and mercifull hand Pope Pius the fift denounceth her excommunicate discharging her Subiects from loyaltie and alleageance and arming them against her Ridolfi a Florentine playes the Merchant of Popish wares the Earles of Northumberland and Westmerland take armes the Duke of Norfolke is entangled the French and Spaniard are perswaded by the Pope who promised also if need were to ingage to this purpose all the goods of the Sea Apostolike Chalices Crosses and holy Vestments Uitellius is commanded to inuade England with an Army from the Low-countries but God protected ELIZABETH and her Enemies abroad were disappointed the Traitors at home falling into their owne pit About the same time Edmund and Peter brethten to the Earle of Oâ—â—ond were busie in Ireland to inflame which rebellion Mendoza came out of Spaine but before it brake forth into any great combustion it was extinct Don Iohn of Austria enters next vpon the Stage for I omit Barues and Muthers Sir Henry Percie the B. of Ross his attempts and other Acts and Arts sauouring more of the Foxe then the Lion and pretended a peace whiles hee intended the deliuerance of the Scottish Queene and marrying her to make himselfe King of England and Scotland by helpe of fugitiues and fauour of the Pope and Guisians and in the midst of his warlike preparations suddenly dieth When Pius his impious curses had thus proued blessings hee deceaseth and Gregory his successour in the Papacie and malice to Queene ELIZABETH the great Founder of Seminaties gaping for no lesse then a Kingdome to his base sonne Iames Boncompagnâ— treateth with the Spaniard who had swallowed England also in his conceit Thomas Stukley an English fugitiue promiseth Ireland to the Popes bastard who in recompence giues him the titles of Marquesse of Lagen Earle of Wexford and Caterlough Vicount of Morough and Baron of Ross all places of note in Ireland and made him Generall of eight hundred Italian Souldiers the King of Spaine paying their wages But Sebastian King of Portugall which should haue conducted the Spanish forces against England being intangled with an African Expedition procured Sâ—â—cley to goe thither with him where both lost their liues And the Spaniard was now diuerted from English designes to those neerer of Portugall there imploying the forces intended against vs. Doctor Nicolas Sanders playeth the next part who hauing written in defence of the Popes visible Monarchy Ecclesiasticall and belched out the fowlest slanders of Queen ELIZABETHS parentage that Hell could deuise would make his writings visible by his deeds and with Iames Fitz Moricâ— an Irish Traitor hauing obtained to be the Popes Nuntio with a banner consecrated at Rome and some forces out of Spaine entreth Ireland there fortifieth and winneth Desmond to his partie San Ioseph 〈…〉 followeth with seuen hundred Italians and Spaniards with Armour for fiue thousand Their Fort is taken Fitz moricâ— first and after the Earle with many others slaine Sanders runnes mad and wandering vp and downe in the Woods and Mountaines dieth miserably the Country is pacified and ELIZABETH preuaileth The Seminaries Schooles of Treason were now erected at R 〈…〉 and Rhemâ—â— to become worse then that Troian Hoâ—se Cells of desperate Eâ—issaries incâ—ndaries of their owne Countrey Campion and others suffer seditious Bookes are written against the Queene whereby S 〈…〉 râ—ill was instigated to kill her Mendoza the Spanish Embassadour was commanded to depart out of England hauing practised with Throckmorton and others about an inuasion of the Land and to remoue the Queene About the same time in manner miraculously traiterous projects came to light by certaine papers of one Creighâ—â—â— a Scottish Iesuite who being taken by Dutch Pirates tare them and threw them into the Sea which would not bee accâ—ssary to Iesuiticall plots but by the helpe of the winde brought them backe to the Ship which being deliuered to Sir William Wade were ioyned again and reuealed new plots of the Pope the Spaniard and Guisians to inuade England Whereupon an Association was made by many thorow the Kingdome binding themselues by their hands and seales to prosecute all such to death as should attempt any thing against the life of the Queene Cardinall A 〈…〉 for the English Catholikes Ecclesiasticall Inglefield for the Larkes the Bishop of Rosse for the Queene of Scots were said to haue agreed to depriue the Queene and to disinherite King IAMES as a fauoâ—â—er of Heresie c. A. 1585. Doctor Parry whom Queene ELIZABETH had before pardoned his life being heartned by Ragazonius the Popes Nuntio in France and absolued in the Popes name by the Cardinall Comensis vndertooke to kill the Queene being thereunto incouraged by Allens booke teaching that excommunicated Princes may bee dispoyled of liues and Scepters His partner reueales him and his mischiefe lighted on himselfe Henry Earle of Northumberland brother of Thomas before executed at Yorke slew himselfe in the Tower and the Lord Chancellour three dayes after in the Starre Chamber declared that he had beene committed for traiterous deuises against the Queene and State the particulars whereof were then opened by the Atturney Popham seeking to set free the Queene of Scots to destroy the Queene and the Religion to haue dealt with Charles Paget termed Mope about these things with the inuasion of England c. The Burkes rebellion in Ireland fell out that yeere and many broyles which cost three thousand their liues at one time the title Mac-William in Connagh extinguished and the insolence of the Ilanders betwixt Scotland and England repressed The Spaniard arrested the English Ships in his Ports whence the Expeditions of the Earle of Cumberland and Sir Francis Drake before mentioned tooke their beginning and the Warres betwixt the two Kingdomes A. 1586. that prodigions plot of Sauage Balard Babington and the rest of that bloudy crue conspiring to kill the Queene was detected and the plotters were executed In 87. the French Embassadour a Guisian conferred
Armie led by the Illustrious and victorious Prince Alexander Farnesius Duke of Parma and Deputie of the Catholike King with all the forces they can gather that they may assist the said depriuation and punishment of the parties afore said and the restitution of the holy Catholike Religion declaring that all which shall show themselues disobedient to this Mandate shall not escape deserued punishments Be it knowne further to all men that it is not the purpose of his Holinesse the Catholike King or the said Dukes Highnesse in this Expedition to oppresse the said Kingdomes or thereof to make conquest or to alter the Lawes Priuiledges or Customes thereof or to depriue any man there of his libertie or life except the rebellious and contumacious or to bring any change besides that which shall be iudged fit by common voyces of his Holinesse the Catholike Maiesty and the States of that Kingdome to the restoring and continuing of the Catholike Religion and the punishment of that Usurper and her adherents Certifying and securing all that all controuersies which may happen by the depriuation of that Woman whether they shall arise about priuate mens affaires or about the Royall Succession or betwixt the Clergy and Laity or whatsoeuer other discords they shall be all compounded and decided according to the Lawes Iustice and Christian equitie without any iniury or damage Neither shall it onely bee prouided conueniently that the Catholikes which haue suffered so many euills be not spoyled but fauour is also granted to all others which being penitent shall submit themselues vnto the Chiefe Commander of the Army And whereas by due information made wee are giuen to vnderstand that there are many innocents which through ignorance of Christian Faith hauing falne haue hitherto erred onely of ignorance being neuerthelesse reckoned amongst Heretikes wee purpose not at all to punish such persons but to inâ—ure patiently till by conference of learned men and good sound counsells they may be better instructed touching the truth and not shew themselues obstinate but desirous to preuent the effusion of Christian bloud and destruction of Countries which may be expected by the resistance of some wicked principall aduersaries Therefore by these Presents wee declare that it is not onely lawfull for all as well publike as priuate persons besides those which haue vndertaken this Expedition to lay band on the said Vsurper and other her adherents to take them and deliuer them to the Catholike side but also this deed shall bee esteemed of vs for a faithfull and singular seruice and shall be recompenced with very great rewards according to the qualitie of the persons taken or betrayed All others also which heretofore haue giuen ayde or shall hereafter assist to the punishment of the euill and the restitution of Catholike Religion in those Kingdomes shall receiue their reward and recompence increased by vs in Dignities and Honours as their good and faithfull seruice to the Common-wealth shall desire Wherein as much as may be care shall be had that reckoning and respect be holden of the antient and honourable Houses and Stockes of the said Kingdomes Lastly free accesse and safe conduct by these Presents is granted to all men which will ioyne themselues to the Catholike Armie and will bring thereto prouision furniture of warre and other necessaries full and liberall satisfaction is promised for all things which for the seruice and commoditie of the said Armie shall be supplied by them And all are admonished and plainly commanded that they doe their vtmost indeuour and diligence that by their meanes cause may bee remoued of vsing force in punishing those which shall neglect this Precept Further more the Holy Father in his fatherly loue and singular affection to this Expedition out of the Spirituall Treasure of the holy Church which is committed to his custody and dispensation doth liberally grant plenary Indulgences and remission of Sins to all those which shall bring any aid or fauour to the depriuation and punishing of the said persons and the reformation of both Kingdomes to wit after due penance Contrition and Confession had according to the Lawes of God and Men and the receiued custome amongst Christians NOw that all might bee carried more closely and that this Expedition might seeme made against the Low-countries rather then the English a solemne meeting was appointed first neer Ostend after at Bronckburg in Flanders for a treaty of peace with the Queene of England Henry Earle of Derby the Lord Cobham Sir Iames Croft D. Dale D. Rogers were sent Richardot plainly said that he knew not what might be put in practise in the meane time against England But the Prince and he being demanded if their were any enterprise of inuading England they vtterly denied any thoughts therof Count Aremberg Campignie Richardot Maes Garnier were the Princes Delegates and professed that they had sufficient Commission for treaty of peace First a truce was propounded by the English and by them â—eâ—â—ed Then the English required that the ancient leagues betwixt the Kings of England and the House of Burgundy might be renewed and confirmed that the Low-countrimen might iniov their priuiledges and libertie of conscience that Spaniards and forraine forces might be remoued that neither they nor their neighbours should haue cause to feare and then the Queene would redeliuer her foure Cautionary Townes They whiled them with such answere as suted to their purposes and long adoe was made in weauing and vnweauing Penelopes web till the Spanish Armada was vpon the Coast and the very Ordnance proclaimed in their eares a surcease from further illusions Then did Parma dismisse them pulled off his Visor vncasing the Fox and truly appearing in the Lions skin But let vs now come to take view of this Fleet and the preparations made for it The King of Spaine hauing with small fruit aboue twenty yeeres together waged warre against the Netherlands after deliberation with his Counsellours thereabout thought it most conuenient to assault them once again by Sea which had bin attempted sundry times heretofore but not with forces sufficient Vnto the which expedition it stood him now in hand to ioine great puissance as hauing the English people his professed enemies whose Iland is so situate that it may either greatly helpe or hinder all such as faile into those parts For which cause he thought good first of all to inuade England being perswaded by his Secretary Escouedo and by diuers other well experienced Spaniards and Dutchmen and by many English fugitiues that the conquest of that Iland was lesse difficult then the conquest of Holland and Zealand Moreouer the Spaniards were of opinion that it would be farre more behoouefull for their King to conquer England and the Low countries all at once then to bee constrained continually to maintaine a warlike Nauie to defend his East and West Indie Fleets from the English Drake and from such like valiant enemies And for the same purpose the King
were mustered eightie bands of Dutchmen sixtie of Spaniards six of high Germans and seuen bands of English fugitiues vnder the conduct of Sir William Stanlie an English Knight In the suburbs of Cortreight there were 4000. horsemen together with their horses in a readinesse and at Waten 900. horses with the troupe of the Marquesse del Gâ—â—sto Captaine generall of the horsemen Vnto this famous expedition and presupposed victory many potentates Princes and honorable personages hied themselues out of Spaine the Prince of Melito called the Duke of Pastrana and taken to be the Son of one Ruygomes de Silua but in very deede accompted among the number of King Philips base sons Also the Marquesse of Bargraue one of the sons of Arch-duke Ferdinand and Philippa Welsera Vespasian Gonsaga of the family of Mantua being for chiualâ—y a man of great renowne and heretofore Vice-roy in Spaine Item Iohn Medices base son vnto the Duke of Florence And Amadas of Sauoy the Duke of Sauoy his base son with many others of inferiour degrees At length when as the French King about the end of May signified vnto her Maiestie in plaine tearmes that she should stand vpon her guard because he was now certainly enformed that there was so dangerous an inuasion imminent vpon her Realme that he feared much least all her land and sea-forces would be sufficient to withstand it c. then began the Queenes Maiestie more carefully to gather her forces together and to furnish her own ships of warre and the principall ships of her subiects with souldiers weapons and other necessary prouision The greatest and strongest ships of the whole Nauie she sent vnto Plimmouth vnder the conduct of the right honorable Lord Charles Howard Lord high Admirall of England c. Vnder whom the renowned Knight Sir Francis Drake was appointed Vice-admirall The number of these ships was about an hundreth The lesser ships being 30. or 40. in number and vnder the conduct of the Lord Henry Seimer were commanded to lie betweene Douer and Caleis On land likewise throughout the whole realme souldiers were mustered and trained in all places and were committed vnto the most resolute and faithfull captaines And where as it was commonly giuen out that the Spaniard hauing once vnited himselfe vnto the Duke of Parma ment to inuade by the riuer of Thames there was at Tilburie in Essex ouer-against Grauesend a mighty army encamped and on both sides of the riuer fortifications were erected according to the prescription of Frederike Genebelli an Italian enginier Likewise there were certaine ships brought to make a Bridge though it were very late first Vnto the said Armie came in proper person the Queenes most roiall Maiestie representing Tomyris that Scithian warlike Princesse or rather diuine Pallas her selfe Also there were other such armies leuied in England The principal Recusants least they should stir vp any tumult in the time of the Spanish inuasion were sent to remaine at certain conuenient places as namely in the Isle of Ely and at Wisbich And some of them were sent vnto other places to wit vnto sundry Bishops and Noblemen where they were kept from endangering the state of the common wealth and of her sacred Maiestie who of her most gracious clemency gaue expresse commandement that they should be intreated with all humaniâ—ie and friendship The Prouinces of Holland Zeland c. giuing credit vnto their intelligence out of Spaine made preparation to defend themselues but because the Spanish ships were described vnto them to be so huge they relied partly vpon the shallow and dangerous Seas all along their coasts Wherefore they stood most in doubt of the Duke of Parma his small and flat-bottomed ships Howbeit they had all their ships of warre to the number of nintie and aboue in a readinesse for all assâ—yâ—s the greater part whereof were of a small burthen as being more meete to saile vpon their Riuers and shallow Seas and with these ships they besieged all the hauens in Flanders beginning at the mouth of Scheld or from the towne of Lillo and holding on to Greueling and almost vnto Caleis and fortified all their Sea-townes with strong garrisons Against the Spanish fleets arriuall they had prouided fiue and twenty or thirty good ships committing the gouernment of them vnto Admirall Lonck whom they commanded to ioine himselfe vnto the Lord Henry Seymer lying betweene Douer and Cales And when as the foresaid ships whereof the greater part besieged the hauen of Dunkerke were driuen by tempest into Zeland Iustin of Nassau the Admirall of Zeland supplied that squadron with fiue and thirty ships being of no great burthen but excellently furnished with Guns Mariners and Souldiers in great abundance especially with 1200 braue Musquetiers hauing beene accustomed vnto Sea-fights and being chosen out of all their company for the same purpose and so the said Iustin of Nassau kept such diligent ward in the Station that the Duke of Parma could not issue forth with his Nauie into Sea out of any part of Flanders In the meane while the Shanish Armada set saile out of the hauen of Lisbon vpon the 19. of May An. Dom. 1588. vnder the conduct of the Duke of Medina Sidonia directing their course for the Bay of Corunna alias the Groine in Gallicia where they tooke in souldiers and warlike prouision this port being in Spaine the neerest vnto England As they were sailing along there arose such a mighty tempest that the whole Fleet was dispersed so that when the Duke was returned vnto his company he could not escry aboue eighty ships in all whereunto the residue by little and little ioyned themselues except eight which had their Masts blowne ouer-boord One of the foure Gallies of Portingall escaped very hardly retiring her selfe into the hauen The other three were vpon the coast of Baion in France by the assistance and courage of one Dauid Gwin an English Captine whom the French and Turkish slaues aided in the same enterprise vtterly disabled and vanquished one of the three being first ouercome which conquered the two other with the slaughter of their Gouernour and souldiers and among the rest of Don Diego de Mandrana with sundry others and so those slaues arriued in France with the three Gallies set themselues at libertie The Nauie hauing refreshed themselues at the Groine and receiuing daily commandement from the King to hasten their iournie horsed vp sailes the 11. day of Iuly and so holding on their course till the 19. of the same moneth they came then vnto the mouth of the narrow Seas or English channell From whence striking their sailes in the meane season they dispatched certain of their small ships vnto the Duke of Parma At the same time the Spanish Fleete was escried by an English Pinnace Captaine whereof was Master Thomas Fleming after they had beene aduertised of the Spaniards expedition by their scoutes and espials which hauing ranged along the coast of Spaine were lately
that as throwes of a grieuous trauell they brought forth a Virgin both Truth to the Church and Queene to the State the one a fruitfull Mother to the soules the other to the wealth honour domesticke peace forraine victories and Nauall glorie of the English Nation This renowned Queene eight and thirty yeeres after vnable to alter that decree of the windes which now seemed themselues and forced Calis to become Spanish would try their windy fidelity in another expedition and prepared a strong Fleet to inuade the Spanish coast The charge whereof she committed to the Lord Robert Earle of Essex and the Lord Charles Howard Lord high Admirall of England who came vnto Plymmouth about the beginning of May 1596. being there accompanied with diuers other noble Peeres as the Earle of Sussex the Lord Thomas Howard the Lord Herbert the Lord Warden Sir Walter Raleigh the Lord Marshall Sir Francis Vere the Lord Burk Don Christopher yong Prince of Portugall yong Count Lodouick of Nassaw and the Admirall of the Hollanders Sir Iohn Vanderfoord besides many other most worthy Knights and Gentlemen of great worth attending vpon this most honorable Action It pleased them there to make their aboade for the time of that moneth aswell for the new furnishing and reuictualing of her Maiesties Royall Nauie as also for the expecting of some other ships which were to come from diuers places of the Realme and were as yet wanting Before their departure from Plymmouth it pleased their Lordships to publish in Print and make knowne to all the world especially to such as it concerned and that both in the Latine French Dutch English and Spanish tongue what were the true iust and vrgent causes that at this time prouoked her Maiestie to vndertake the preparing and setting forth of this so great a Nauie namely the King of Spaines preparations against her who had before whiles hee treated of peace Anno 1588. prepared to inuade her coast and now also to that purpose daily encreased his Nauie If therefore any should furnish the Spaniard with munition and prouisions they should expect what force could doe for all others of whatsoeuer Nation they aduised them to forsake the Spanish and Portugall Ports or to ioyne with the English for their owne security they hauing no quarrell in this designe but against the Spaniard Thus then all things being in a very good order and well appointed the most holy name of our Omnipotent God being most religiously and deuoutly called vpon ' and his blessed and sacred Communion being diuers times most reuerently and publikely celebrated being furnished with one hundred and fiftie good saile of ships or thereabout In the name of the most high and euerliuing God the first day of Iune they embarked themselues weighed Ancre and hoysed vp faile and put to Sea onward their iourney from the Sownds of Plymmouth to shew her Maiesties religious intendments in this exploit I haue thought good to adde here a Prayer made by her selfe as was reported and vsed as it was fitted for that designe MOst Omnipotent maker and guide of all our worlds masse that eâ—ely searchest and fadomest the bottome of all our hearts conceits and in them seest the true originals of all our actions intended thou that by thy foresight doest truely discerne how no malice of reuenge nor quittance of iniurie nor desire of bloudshed nor greedinesse of lucre hath bred the resolution of our nâ—w set out Army but a heedefull care and wary watch that no neglect of fees nor ouer-suretie of harme might breede either danger to vs or glory to them these being the grounds wherewith thou doest enspire the minde we humbly beseech thee with bended knees prosper the worke and with best forewindes guide the iourney speede the victory and make the returne the aduancement of thy glory the triumph of their f 〈…〉 e and surety to the Realme with the least losse of the English bloud To these deuout petitions Lord giue thou thy blessed grant The ninth of the same moneth comming something neere to the North Cape in a manner in the same altitude or not much differing which was about 43. degrees and something more yet bearing so as it was impossible to be descried from the land There it pleased the Lords to call a select Councell which was alwaies done by hanging out of a Flagge of the Armes of England and shooting off a great warning peece Of this select or priuie Counsell were no moe then these The two Lords Generall the Lord Thomas Howard the Lord Warden Sir Walter Raleigh the Lord Marshall Sir Francis Vere Sir George Cary Master of the Ordnance Sir Coniers Clifford and Sir Anthony Ashley Clarke of the said Counsell And when it pleased the Lords Generall to call a common Counsell as of tentimes they did vpon weighty matters best knowne to their honours then they would cause another kinde of Flag to be hanged out which was the red Crosse of S. George and was very easie to be discerned from the other that appertained onely to the select Counsell and so often as this Flag of S. George was hanged out then came all the Masters and Captaines of all the ships whose opinions were to be demanded in such matters as appertained vnto the said select Counsell It was presently concluded that our course in sailing should forthwith be altered and that we should beare more into the West for some purposes to them best knowne At that instant many Letters of instructions were addressed and sent to euery particular Master and Captaine of the Ships What the contents of those Letters of instructions were it was not as yet knowne vnto any neither was it held meete to be enquired or knowne of any of vs. But vnder the titles and superscriptions of euery mans particuler Letter these words were endorsed Open not these Letters on paine of your liues vnlesse wee chance to be scattered by tempest and in that case open them and execute the contents thereof but if by mishap you fall into your enemies hand then in any case cast them into the Sea sealed as they are It should seeme that these Letters did containe in them the principall place and meaning of this entended action which was hitherto by their deepe foresights kept so secret as no man to my knowledge eiâ—her did or could so much as suspect it more then themselues who had the onely managing thereof All this while our ships God be thanked kept in a most excellent good order being deuided into fiue squadrons that is to say The Earle of Essex the Lord Admirall the Lord Thomas Howard the Lord Warden Sir Walter Raleigh and the Admirall of the Hollanders All which squadrons albeit they did euery day separate themselues of purpose by the distance of certaine leagues as well to looke out for such ships as were happily vnder saile as also for the better procuring of Sea-roome yet alwayes commonly either that day or the next day toward euening they
generall presently set vpon them and sorting out some such conuenient ships as to their honorable wisedomes seemed fittest for that times seruice they were driuen to take some other course then before had beene by them entended Wherefore vpon a graue consultation had by a select counseâ—l they concluded that the Vice-admirall the Lord Thomas Howard in the Non Pareille for that time and the Reare Admirall Sir Walter Raleigh in the Warspight associated with Sir Francis Uere the Lord Marshall in the Rainbow Sir George Cary Master of the Ordnance in the Mary Rose Sir Robert Southwell in the Lyon hauing with them some of the Ships of London and some of the Dutch squadron of reasonable burthen should lead the dance and giue the onset and that the two most noble Lords generall with some others of their companies should in their conuenient time and order second the maine battell The fight being begun and growne very hot the Lord generall the Earle of Essex being on Port Saint Mary side vpon a sudden and vnlooked for of others thrust himselfe among the formost into the maine battell The other most honorable Lord generall vnderstanding the most noble Earle to be in fight among them and perceiuing by the Master of his ship the Aâ—ke royall that for lacke of water it was not possible that he might put any neerer without further delay called presently for his Pinnace and in the same Pinnace put himselfe and his honorable son Lord William Howard aboord the Honor de la mer there remained in the fight till the battell was ended The fight was very terrible on all sides and so continued doubtfull till about one or two of the clocke in the afternoone about which time the Philip whom in very truth they had all most fancie vnto began to yeelde and giue ouer her men that remained aliue shifting for themselues as they were able aâ—d swimming and running ashoare with all the haste that they could possibly and therewithall at the very same instant themselues fired their ship and so left her and presently thereupon a great Argosie with another mighty great ship fired themselues in the like manner Immediatly hereupon the residue of the ships ran themselues on ground as far from vs as they could thereby purchased their owne safetie or rather breathing space for the time Of them all two faire ships onely were boorded and taken by our men with most part of their furniture in them the one called S. Matthew a ship by estimation of some twelue hundred tun and the other S. Andrew being a ship of not much lesser burthen The Gallies seeing this sodaine great victorious ouerthrow made all the haste they could toward tâ—e Bridge called Puente de Snaço and there shrowded themselues in such sort as our ships could not by any meanesâ— possible come nigh them for lacke of water The Spanish ships in all were fifty nine and as I said all tall ships and very richly furnished and well appointed whereof some of them were bound for the Indies and other fraighted and furnished for Lasbon as themselues affirme and had we not come that very time that we did wee had certainly mist of them all Of what great wealth and riches these ships were that I leaue to other mens iudgement and report but sure I am that themselues offered two millions and a halfe of ducats for the redemption of the goods and riches that were in them which offer of theirs albeit it was accepted of the Lords generall and should haue beene receiued yet we were defeated of it as hereafter shall be more at large declared In all this cruell terrible fight there were not either slaine or hurt by any manner of meanes many aboue the number of 100. of our men notwithstanding diuers of our ships were many times shot thorow and thorow yea and some of them no lesse then two and twenty times as I was enformed by credible report of the Captaines and Masters themselues I know not of any other hurt done sauing onely that Sir Robert Southwell who alwayes shewed himselfe a most valiant resolute knight in all this action making a little too much haste with his Pinnace to boord the Philip had there his said Pinnace burnt with the Philip at the same instant and yet by good care and diligence his men were saued One other mischance hapned thus One of the Flemmings Flie-boats who had in all the conflict before carried her selfe very well and valiantly about ten of the clocke while the fight continued sharpest chanced by great negligence and misfortune to be fired and blown vp by his owne powder who could not haue any fewer in him then one hundred fighting men by all supposall and so in the very twinkling of an eye both ship and men were all cast away excepting seuen or eight which by very good fortune and great care and diligence of some of the other ships were saued Immediately vpon this notable victory without any further stay in all the world the Lord generall the Earle of Essex put to shore landed about 3000 shot and pike men of the which number the one halfe was presently dispatched to the bridge Puente de Suaço vnder the conduct of Sir Christopher Blunt Sir Coniers Clifford and Sir Thomas Gerard with the other halfe being about fifteene hundred the most noble Earle of Essex himselfe being accompanied with diuers other honorable Lords namely the Earle of Sussex the Lord Harbert the Lord Burk Count Lodâ—uick of Nassaw the Lord Marshall Sir Francis Uere with all expedition possible marched on foote toward the towne of Cadiz which was about three English miles march That time of the day was very hot and faint and the way was all of dry deepe sliding sand in a manner and beside that very vneuen and by that meanes so tiresome and painfull as might be The enemie hauing reasonable companie both of horse and footemen stood in a readinesse some good distance without the towne to welcome vs and to encounter the Lord Generall But the most famous Earle with his valiant Troopes rather running indeede in good order then marching hastened on them with such vnspeakeable courage and celeritie as within one houres space and lesse the horsemen were all discomfited and put to flight their leader being strooken downe at the very first encounter whereat the footemen being wonderfully dismaied and astonished at the vnexpected manner of the Englishmens kinde of such fierce and resolute fight retyred themselues with all the speede possible that they could to recouer themselues into the Towne againe Which being done by them with farre swifter legges then manly courage our men were enforced to scale the wals which thing in very deede although it was not without great danger and difficultie to be performed yet such was the inuincible resolution and the wonderfull dexteritie of the English that in one halfe houre or thereabout the enemy was repulsed and
the towne wall possessed by the noble Earle himselfe being in all this action either the very first man or else in a manner ioined with the first The Town wals being then possessed and the English Ensigne being there displaied vpon them with all speede possible they proceeded on to march through the Towne making still their way with sword and shot so well as they could being still fought withall at euerie turne The noble Earle was seconded by the noble Lord Admirall in person who was accompanied with the noble Lord Thomas Howard the most worthy Gentleman his Sonne after Lord Howard Sir Robert Southwell Sir Richard Leuison and with diuers other Gentlemen his Lordships followers of good account his Colours being aduanced by that valiant resolute Gentleman Sir Edward Hobby Knight And thus he likewise marching with all possible speede on foote notwithstanding his Lâ—many yeeres the intolerable heate for the time and the ouertiring tedious deepe sands with other many impediments Yet in good time ioyned himselfe with the Earle and his companies and gaue them the strongest and best assistance that he could Thus then the two Lords Generall with their companies being ioined together and proceeding so farre as the market place there they were hotly encountered where and at what time that worthy famous Knight Sir Iohn Winkfield being â—ore wounded before on the thigh at the very entring of the Towne and yet for all that no whit respecting himselfe being carried away with the care he had to encourage and direct his Company was with the shot of a Musket in the head most vnfortunately slaine And thus before eight of the clocke that night were these two most noble Lords General Masters of the market place the forts and the whole Towne and all onely the Castle as yet holding out and from time to time as they could stil annoying them with seuen battering peeces By this time night began to grow on and a kinde of peace or intermission was obtained by them of the Castle to whom the Lords Generall had signified that vnlesse before the next day in the morning they would absolutely render themselues they should looke for no mercie but should euery one be put to the sword vpon which message they tooke deliberation that night but in the morning before breake of day they hanged out their flag of truce and so without any further composition did yeelde themselues absolutely to their mercie and deliuered vp the Castle And yet notwithstanding all this in the night time while they had this respite to pause and deliberate about the peacemaking there were diuers great and sodaine alarms giuen which did breede some great outrages and disorder in the Towne At euery which alaram the two Lords Generall shewed themselues marueilous ready and forward These things being done and this surrender being made present Proclamation was published that the fury now being past all men should surcease from all manner of bloud and cruell dealing and that there should no kinde of violence or hard vsage be offered to any either man woman or childe vpon paine of death permitting the spoyle of so much of the Towne as was by them thought meete to the common souldiers for some certaine daies This honorable and mercifull Edict I am sure was streightly and religiously obserued of the English but how well it was kept by the Dutch I will neither affirme nor yet denie For I perceiue betweene them and the Spaniards there is an implacable hartburning and therefore as soone as the Dutch squadron was espied in the fight immediately thereupon both they of Siuil and Saint Lucar and also some of some other places did not onely arrest all such Dutch ships as dealt with them friendly by the way of trafficke and merchandise and so confiscated their goods but also imprisoned the Merchants and owners of the same and as the report goeth did intreat many of them with extreame cruelty thereupon In the meane while the very next day being the two and twentie day of Iune all the Spanish ships which were left on ground in the Bay of Cadiz where the great ouerthrow had beene but the day before were by the Spaniards themselues there set on fire and so from that time forward they neuer left burning of them till euery one of them goods and all as far as we know were burnt and consumed This their doing was much maruelled at of vs. Not long after the same time three dayes as I remember the gallies that were run on ground did quit themselues also out of that place and by the Bridge of the Iland called Puente de Suaço made their way round about the same Iland and so by putting themselues to the maine Sea escaped to a towne called Rotta not farre off but something vp towards the towne of Saint Lucars and there purchased their safety by that meanes Thus was this notable victory as well by Sea as by Land both begun and in effect performed within the compasse in a manner of foureteene houres a thing in truth so strange and admirable as in my iudgement will rather be wondred at then beleeued of posteritie And if euer any notable exploit in any age was comparable to Caesars Ueni Vidi Vici certainly in my poore opinion it was this The Towne of it selfe was a very beautifull towne and a large as being the chiefe See of the Bishop there and hauing a good Cathedrall Church in it with a right goodly Abbey a Nunnery and an exceeding fine Colledge of the Iesuites and was by naturall situation as also by very good fortification very strong and tenable enough in all mens opinions of the better iudgement Their building was all of a kinde of hard stone euen from the very foundation to the top and euery house was in a manner a kinde of a Fort or Castle altogether flat-roofed in the top after the Turkish manner so that many men together and that at ease might walke thereon hauing vpon the house top great heapes of weighty stones piled vp in such good order as they were ready to be throwne downe by euery woman most easily vpon such as passed by and the streetes for the most part so exceeding narrow I think to auoide the intollerable great heat of the Sun as but two men or three at the most together can in any reasonable sort march thorow them no streete being broader commonly then I suppose Watling streete in London to be The towne is altogether without glasse excepting the Churches yet with faire comely windowes and with faire grates of Iron to them and haue very large folding leaues of wainscot or the like It hath very few Chimnies in it or almost none at all it may be some one chimney in some one or other of the lower out-roomes of least account seruing for some necessary vses either to wash in or the like or else now and then perchance for the dressing of a dish of meate hauing as it
seuen miles in circuit at the foot fashioned it is vpward like an Hiue and the top therof most commonly to be discerned within and aboue the clouds This Mountaine hath in it by report many great hollow Caues and deepe Vaults and it is credibly reported that oftentimes it breathes out flames and sparkes of fire as doth the Mountaine Aetna Also at the bottome of this Mountain towards the East there is a great Spring of Fresh-water which is seen many times to issue out flakes and stones of fire with great violence and of the number and bignesse of the stones that are throwne out by the force and source of this Spring and what huge workes they make of the multitudes of them they confidently doe tell strange wonders which I will neither affirme nor deny but leaue indifferent to credit as men list Fayall is so called of Faya which in the Portugues signifieth a Beech Tree wherewith that Iland is said to abound But yet I saw there more store of Iuniper and Cedar then of any other Wood or Timber For Aire and Soyle it is as pleasant and fruitfull as any of the other Ilands and in it are some fiue Townes with many pretie Villages and in this Iland there are yet remaining certaine families of the Flemish race Gratiosa is so called of the exceeding fruitfulnesse of the Soyle and pleasant temper of the Ayre Flores of the abundance of Flowers that grow in it Cueruo of the multitude of Rauens and Crowes breeding therein And that Iland doth also breed Horses Saint Maries Saint Georges and Saint Michaels were so called of those Saints names vpon whose dayes they were first discouered for such is the custome of many Nauigators and especially of the Spaniards and Portugues so to call those Landes that they first make by the Saints day and name wherein they are discouered And these three Ilands for temper and fruitfulnesse are suteable with the others But Saint Michael is the greatest of them all Tercera the strongest and Saint Maries the neerest to the Coast of Spaine But now as wee come neerer to our intended purpose for the better vnderstanding thereof I thinke it very necessary and pertinent somewhat to speake of the chiefe Commanders as well by Sea as by Land and also of the number of our Ships and Souldiers together with the proiect and designe of that iourney then vndertaken for the seruice of her late Maiestie and the Honour of our Nation It is therefore to be vnderstood that Robert Deuereux late Earle of Essex Master of the Horse and Ordnance and Knight of the Garter First commanded in chiefe as well Admirall of the Nauie by Sea as Generall of the Armie by Land His Vice-Admirall was the Lord Thomas Howard Knight of the same Order and second Sonne to the last Thomas Duke of Norfolke a Nobleman much honoured and beloued and of great experience in Sea seruice His Reare-Admirall was Sir Walter Raleigh Knight Captaine of her Maiesties Guard Lord Warden of the Stanneries and Lieftenant of Cornwall For the Land seruice his Leiftenant Generall was Sir Charles Blunt Lord Mountioy Knight of the Garter Gouernour of Portsmouth and a man in high fauour with her late Maiestie His Marshall of the Field was Sir Frauncis Vere Knight a great Souldier and Coronell Generall of the English Forces in the Low-Countries The Master of the Ordnance Sir George Carew Knight Leiftenant of the Ordnance of the Kingdome of England His Sergeant Maior Sir Ferdinando Gorges Knight Gouernour of the Forts of Plimouth The Coronell Generall of the Foot Sir Christopher Blunt Knight The Treasurer of the Armie Sir Hugh Biston Knight one of her Maiesties Receiuers Generall in the Principalities of Walles with all other Officers designed to places requisite that were needful by Land or Sea now too long to rehearse And yet of all the Noblemen I will as neere as I can record their names particularly but craue pardon if I faile in the precedencie of their places The Earles of Essex Rutland and Southampton the Lord Howard the Lord Audley the Lord Gray the Lord Mountioy the Lord Rich and the Lord Cromwell But the particular names of all the Land Captains that had charge I could neuer come to the knowledge of much lesse can I marshall them orderly in this discourse And therefore I will passe to the number of the Ships in generall and therein name some particulars of the chiefe and principall Vessells of the Royall Nauie with their Captaines The whole Nauie which was diuided into three Squadrons viz. The Admirall his Squadron The Vice-Admirall his Squadron and the Reare-Admirall his Squadron consisted of 120. sayle or thereabout whereof sixtie were good men of Warre and gallant Ships the rest Victuallers and Ships of Transportation Of her Maiesties owne Ships the number was eighteene or nineteene and these were their names The Merhoneur Admirall whereof Sir Robert Mansfield was Captaine The Due Repulse Vice-Admirall whereof Master Middleton was Captaine The Wast Spite Reare-Admirall whereof my selfe was Captaine The Garland the Earle of Southampton commanded The Defiance wherein the Lord Mountioy was shipped had for Captaine Sir Amias Preston The Saint Mathew to Sir George Carew Master of the Ordnance The Mary Rose to Sir Francis Vere Marshall whose Captaine was M. Iohn Winter The Dread-nought Sir William Brooke was Captaine of The Nonparellia Sir Richard Luson was Captaine of The Bonouenture Sir William Haruey was Captaine of The Antelope Sir Thomas Vauisâ—r was Captain of The Rainbow Sir William Mounson was Captaine of The Swiftsure Sir Gilly Mericke was Captain of The Golden Lion was sent after for a supply The Hope whereof was Captain The Foresight whereof Sir Carew Reignall was Captaine The Saint Andrew whereof Master Marcellus Throckmorton was Captain The Tramontana whereof young Master Fenner was Captain The Moone whereof Sir Edward Michelboorne was Captaine Besides that there were some other of her Maiesties small Pinnaces that attended the Fleet. The residue or the Fleet aforenamed consisted of the best shipping of London and other Port-Townes of the Kingdome with sundry stout Vestells belonging to some Lords and Gentlemen that were Aduenturers in this Voyage There were also added to this Nauie tenne sayle of good men of Warre sent from the States of the Low-Countries to attend her Maiesties Fleet in this seruice vnder the conduct of one Mounsier de Duneincorde well manned and furnished The Land Army besides Saylers that might be afforded and spared vpon occasion of landing consisted of six thousand able men well appointed with ten Peeces of Artillery for the Field and Battery with all necessary Vtensils fit for them The proportion of victuals was for four months at large allowance double apparell both for Souldier's and Mariners In this Armie there went Knights Captaines and Gentlemen voluntaries fiue hundred at the least as gallant parsonages and as brauely furnished as euer the
any of his traine should haue cause to be ashamed of vs for vndertaking that in the face of our Enemies which we durst not follow and performe And therefore told those Captaines that hee would first attempt to win a landing and then after if they could but second him ashoare with two hundred men more hee would vndertake to lodge them that night in the Towne and the next night after in the Forts These Captaines were all glad of the newes and promised to come after vs if we would send our Boates for them for most of their Ships had lost their Boates with foule weather This order and direction being giuen we hasted as fast as our Oares could ply without the company of any Low Countrie Souldiers being as I said two hundred and sixty strong and the enemy more then the double as many to the landing place which was first guarded with a mighty ledge of Rockes some forty paces long into the Sea and afterwards trenched and flanked with earth and stone and onely a narrow lane betweene two wals left for our Entrance But withall we caused some of our Pinnaces that carried Ordnance to lye as close to the shoare as they could to flanke and beate vpon them in their trenches a little before and iust as wee made our approach which we found to good purpose and as well performed especially by one Captaine Banker in a fine Flee Boate of the Flemmish Squadron But if there had bin but one hundred Low Countrie Spaniards at that defence it had cost many of our liues yet perhaps haue missed our purpose too For a small company with any resolution might haue made good that place against a farre greater force then ours were at that time But as we made onwards with our Boats the shot plaied so thicke vpon vs as that in truth the Mariners would scarce come forwards hauing the lesser liking to the businesse the neerer they came to it And in like sort did I see some there stagger and stand blanke that before made great shewes and would gladly be taken for valiant Leaders and some of these our Reare Admirall did not spare to call vpon openly and rebuke aloud with disgracefull words seeing their basenesse And withall finding a generall amazement amongst the Mariners and as it were a stay amongst all the Boates well p 〈…〉 ceiuing that this manner of houering was both more disgracefull and also more vnsafe lying so open to the enemies shot which through feare and amazement the Mariners and Rowers neither obserued nor vnderstood with a loud voice commanded his Watermen to rowe in full vpon the Rockes and bad as many as were not afraid to follow him Hereupon some Boates ran in with vs and out of them there landed Master Garret a Pentioner now Earle of Kildare a Noble and valiant Gentleman Sir William Brooke Sir William Haruey Sir Iohn Scot Master Duke Brooke Captaine Henry Thinne Captaine White Master Thomas Rugeway Master Walter Chute Captaine Arthur Radford Master Henry Allen. Captaine William Morgan Master Charles Mackart and diuers other Gentlemen whose names I would not omit if I could call them all to minde And so clambring ouer the rockes and wading through the water we passed pell mell with Swords Shot and Pikes vpon the narrow Entrance Whereupon those that were at the defence after some little resistance began to shrinke and then seeing vs to come faster on vpon them suddenly retiring cast away their weapons turned their backes and fled and the like did the rest in the higher Trenches and quickly recouered the hils and the woods being a people very swift and nimble of foote for we could take none of them but such as after yeelded vnto vs. And as for their Auncients we could not recouer one for the Horsemen that they had carried them cleane away And in this sort we gained both our landing and our Enemies Trenches In which attempt some few men were drowned and slaine diuers hurt and two long Boates bulged and lost And after that we saw all things cleare we assembled our Troopes together and refreshed ourselues with such comfort as we had there which done we sent backe our Boates for those Low Countrie Captaines afterward who vpon their arriuall congratulated our good successe in taking so strong a peece of ground fortified and guarded with so many men When these Captaines were come vnto vs we then tooke our selues to be a prettie Armie being then in strength to the number of foure hundred and sixtie well armed and appointed whereof there were of Captaines and Gentlemen of good sort thirty or forty which gaue great life to the businesse And hauing done so much already we then thought it the best way to goe through with the matter and to prepare the Towne in a readinesse for our Generall and to make our selues Burgesses thereof in the meane season and therefore our Reare Admirall appointed Captaine Bret to vse the Office of Sergeant Maior and gaue direction to the other Captaines to aduance their Colours and to call their Companies together in a readinesse and so putting our Troopes in order we marched directly toward the Towne where by the way diuers of these same very Spaniards and Portugals that a little before so braued vs came and rendred themselues in great humility with white Napkins on the end of stickes all whom wee receiued and well intreated vsing some for Guides and some for our Carriages and others to fetch vs in fresh Victuals and Fruites And it is worth the noting to see the farre differing humors vpon the change of Fortunes in these Spaniards and Portugals For where they conquer or command no people are so proud and insolent and when they are once mastered and subdued no Nation of the world so base or fuller of seruile crouching and obseruance as though on a sodaine Nature had framed them in a new mould so soone in an instant will they fall from soueraigntie to slauery And surely at home they are in generall but a baggage people tamorous and very vnwarlike As we haue well experienced by seuerall inuasions whereof one Army was conducted by Sir Iohn Norris and Sir Francis Drake to Lisbona and the other by the Earle of Essex and the Lord Admirall Howard to Cadis without any resistance encounter in the field or show of assayling our forces by battaile all the while we stated there But afterwards with a little hardening and hartening in the Warres wee see them proue very braue and valiant Souldiers This Towne was some foure miles from this landing place and all the Country in which wee marched very champion with pretty little rising hils and all the fields ouer full of Mellons Potatoes and other Fruites Betweene vs and the Towne was this high Fort whereof I spake before and that other Fort at the end of the Towne By these two we were resolued to passe the better thereby to discouer
120. saile The Queenes ships and their Captaines The rest of the Fleet. Ten Hollanders Land-Army Fiue hundred Voluntaries gallantly furnished The designe Intent for Tercera Portland Plimouth Set saile Instructions for the voyage and instructions touching instructions Storme Perill of high cargued of weake ships Returne to Plimouth Great sicknesse Sir A. Sherly placed in roome of Sir F. Gorges Sir Alexander Ratcliffe The Treasureâ— his ominous departure Brewers 〈◊〉 A Prize Stormy Winds and 〈◊〉 as argâ—e not with delicacy brauery Aduice for Gallants Note Still crossed Lord Rich departeth Land Army cashed Sea-actions require a Princes purse Small time great losse Harmes by stormes Good order for prouisions at Plimouth Pretenâ—eâ— Bay of Alchsher S. Matthâ—w distressed Sir George Carews resolution Ed. E. of Lincolne High Admirall Audaces fortu 〈…〉 〈…〉 at Sir Iohn Parrot Sir W. Gorges Dâ—riuall a Pirat beâ—ter Mariner then man 〈◊〉 〈…〉 s. us Deriuall hanged against promise Aduice Story of the S. Mâ—tthew S. Matthew brought home C. â—r Slingsby Sir George Carews aduentures iâ— the Aâ—â—enture Spanish Fleeâ— Corke Hâ—uen Danger by storme S. Andrew Course of the Fleet. Brauados often vnseasonable Wastspite distressed S. W. Brooke Vice-Admirals care Rumors S. Mathew and S. Andrew taken at Cadiz False intelligence by an Englishman Letters from the Admirall They shaâ—e their course for the Ilands New distresses Sep. 8. They make Tercera Note for the Ilands Rainbowe by Moonlight differing in color from those or the Sunne They come to the Fleet. Entertainment by the General Inhabitants of Flores 〈◊〉 Cueruos Earle of Essex his answer and behauiour to the Ilanders Earle of Essex his respect to Sir W. Raleigh A Counsell for taking in the Ilands Holanders and Spaniards enmitie implacable Rainbow be the Moone Fayall Vnarmed rashnesse Spaniards hated by the Portugals Hard place to land in Helpe by Pinnaces Basenesse of some Sir W. R. his resolution They land Flight of the enemy More actiue feete â—hen hands Spaniards and Portugals yeeld themselues Spaniards and Portugall schol lers of Fortun extreame in extremes And are not other Nations so Vsus promptos facit Strange accident of a shot Reare Admiral taxed Disorder Difference twixt Campe and Garrison Souldiers Reare Admirals valour Dangerous discouery Scarfe-brauery perillous Discouery best lest discoueted Fortification forsaken Towne abanâ— doned They enter the Towne Towne described Earle of Cumberland See sup l. 6. c. 1. Their order for safety and booty The Generals comming Sir Guilly Mericks vnchâ—â—itable officiousnesie Earle of Effeâ— his ambition of honour Sir Walter Ralâ—igh commeth aboord the Generall Accusation His answere Lord T. Howard now Earle of Suffolke his Christian and friendly mediation The Generall pacifed High Fort abandoned Enuie spieth more in pretended then in professed enemies and is alway worst to it selfe though bad to all Hart and another left with throates cut Towne fired Reward of cruelty is cruelty Graâ—iosa submitteth iâ— selfe Groue taxed Saint Michael Newes of the Inâ—ian Fleet. Three Spanish ships taken Indian Fleete pursued to T 〈…〉 cera The Peere described A Counsell Digression touching rash on sets and brauadâ—s Sir R. Greenuile his story you haue before which perhaps may somwhat better excuse him Roman examples Reuenge the only Ship of the Nauy Royall possessed by the Spaniards and dearly bought Rich. D. of Yorke Sir Io. Norâ—is 〈…〉 ter Strosse Terribly executed Example of 88 Inuinsible fleet inuisible L. Admirall commended They arriue at S. Michaâ—ls the second time Hâ—llow Sâ—â— Boldnesse by some esteemed fortitude Villa 〈◊〉 They land at Villa Franca Hanibals Capua The Earle excused A Brasil man A mightie Carack Greedinesse loseth his morsell The Carack ran her selfe on ground She was set on fire Examples of Cades voyage Carack of 1800. Tunâ— Preparation for returne Knights made Their returne Want of water Stills Birds 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 dispersed Disorderly haste homewards Death of Sir Iohâ— Norris and Lord Bargh Note touching priuate gaines and publike losse in many Expeditions Roman policie 1. Sam. 10. There is report also of an English Colony left by C. North in Guiana still continuing Ruth 4. 11.
which the nights calmenesse prohibited the ships beeing thus seuered were by the Gallies of Penocha set vpon his Lordship being within hearing of the shot but by reason of the calme not able to releeue them so that the two ships were recouered Captayne Bayly slaine Captayne Munson and the rest carried Prisoners to Penecha and thence to Lisbone His Lordship wrote to the Archdâ—ke Albert then Vice-roy for their good vsage otherwise threatning requitall to theirs of whom he presumed hee should take store For feare whereof the common sort were returned a few dayes after new clothed Captayne Munson with sixe others only detayned His Lordship hauing intelligence of a great Armada prepared in the Groyne to bee sent against the Lord Thomas Howard then Admirall of her Majesties fleet at the Asores attending to surprize the West Indian fleet sent the Mooneshine with aduise otherwise the Lord Howard had runne the fortune of Sir Richard Greenuile who lost his ship and life or rather exchanged the one for honor and for the other made the Spaniards the greatest losers in so deere a purchase Thus weakned by disaduenture he was forced to returne for England HIs Lordship considering the inconuenience of her Maiesties command not to lay any Spanish ship aboard with her ships lest both might together be destroyed by fire rather chose to seeke out amongst the Merchants then to make further vse of the ships Royall And so hee hired the Tigre a ship of six hundred tunnes furnished by the Owners for three hundred pounds a moneth wages in which he went in person thereto adding his owne ship the Samson and the Golden Noble with two small ships These in the yeere 1592. were set forth but so crossed with winds as three moneths victualls were spent in Harbours before they could get to the Westward of Plymmouth whereby also one of his Lordships principall designes was frustrate which was the taking of the Carrikes outward bound as also the meanes to performe his intended Voyage to the West Indies Wherevpon not like to satisfie that expectation which might arise from a personall expedition of his Lordship he transferred the chiefe command to Captayne Norton and returned to London leauing instructions with the Admirall to goe for the Asores Captayne Norton neere Cape Finisterre met two of the King of Spaines Gallions returning from Brest in Brittanie in fight with whom the Golden Noble receiued a shot in her fore-mast which made them doubt of her further sufficiencie but hauing fished it aswell as they could Captayne Caue her Commander espied an Argosie bound for Lisbone and gaue chase to her within shot of the Fort of Cascaijs within fiue fathome water of a shoald called Catchops and there in sight of the men on shoare laid her aboard and returned into England with her The Admirall with the rest of the fleet arriued at the Asores and hauing watered and refreshed at Flores which that Iland permitted to all men of warre as not able to withstand them put to Sea and spreading themselues the Santa Cruce was descried which made all the haste she could for Angra in Tercera They hasted after and being within halfe a league of her they espied Sir Iohn Burroughs in the Ro-bucke a ship of Sir Walter Raleighs of two hundred tunnes which had ridden vnseene on the Easterne side of the Iland standing to crosse the Carrickes way so that now she was forced the wind being Westerly to luffe vp recouer the Road of Lagowâ—a on the South end of Flores The law and custom of the Sea making al ships of war then together though not formerly consorted equall sharers according to their tunnage of the prizes gained Captayne Norton out of ciuil respect and not needing help consulted with Sir Iohn Burroughs and they agreed to board her the next morning But a storme in the night forced them al from their anchors which the next day being somwhat allaied they recouered the road found the Carrike warped as neer the shore as they could hauing indeuoâ—ed also to put ashore such goods as time would permit and fired with all her sayles and flags vp and Ordnance laden which went off on euery side when the fire came to them a sight more pleasing to the Portugals then the English whom those accounted now the Owners of that consumed substance The surge also issue of the late storme scarsly permitted their Boates to land to seeke to get wrackes and what the Portugals had carried ashoare eâ—â—ry man for feare of wracking the Boates on the Rockes being vp to the neck and some ouer head and eares before they could obtayne the shoare where also they were forced on hands and knees to climbe vp a steep hill on the top whereof stood many Ilanders tumbling downe great stones on them But all difficulties were made easie by resolution and hope which brought them to the Towne now forsaken by her Inhabitants and made them Masters of the wracked goods which seemed to flye thither for refuge from the fire and water Whiles they were thus employed about this burnt Carrike Sir Robert Crosse Captayne of the Foresight of her Maiesties Master Tomson Captayne of the Daintie a ship of Sir Iohn Hawkins Captayne Newport in the Golden Dragon came into this consort They were much grieued with this spectacle but comforted that there had but one of the fiue Carrickes passed this had fallen into this terrible Purgatory and three were still expected They spread themselues continued expecting from the nine and twentieth of Iune till the third of August at which time Master Tomson first had sight of the great Carricke called Madre de Dios and comming vp gaue her a broad-side of Ordnance falling a sterne came hauing laden his Ordnance again and againe to deliuer his pealâ—s to hinder her way till the rest of the fleet could come the Carricke answering with the like Sir Iohn Burroughes and the Golden Dragon came in about three a clocke and Sir Iohn receiued a shot of a Canon Perier vnder water in the Bread-roome which made him beare vp to stop his leake Sir Robert Crosse was the next who to giue her his broad side came so neere that becalming his sayles he vnwillingly fell aboard the Carricke which hauing lashed her fast by the Strowdes sayled away with her by her side The Earle of Cumberlands ships worst of sayle were the last which came vp about eleuen aclocke at night not minding then to boord her But hearing the Foresight calling to Captayne Norton And you be men saue the Queenes ship he gaue order to the Samson to lay her aboord on the one side and promising to doe the like in the Tigre on the other which about twelue a clock was performed The Tigre running stemling aboord broke her beake-head to the huddings the Samson laid the Forefight aboord and entred thorow her into the Carricke whereby
jewels cast off all and naked as they were borne cast themselues into the Sea to aduenture vpon English mercy amongst all which was taken vp by the Reare-admirals Boat two men of note and three of inferiour qualitie These three were clothed and set on land the other two were Don Nuno Velio Periera who had somtimes bin Gouernour of Mozambique and Sofala and returning for Spaine in a Carrick of great value lost neere Bona Speranza was now here a passenger and Bras Carero Captaine of another Carrick cast away neere Mozambique here also a passenger These two were brought into England and ransomed Three impediments happened to the Assailants the Reare-admirall hurt with a shot and made in person vnseruiceable being a valiant man the Vice-admirall slaine and the Admirall himselfe Captaine Caue shot at the first thorow both the legs whereof shortly after his returne hee dyed The Caruell and Pinnace were accidentally absent one and twentie were slaine in the fight In the Carrick were many of qualitie and before infection had fallen amongst them neere the Cape their number of white and blacke men exceeded 1100. all which perished but those before named The burden of this Carrick and her lading in wealth did farre exceede the Madre de Dios returning after a long voyage fraighted with pearles jewels drugs silkes her meanest lading pepper besides the best of the Nazaret lately cast away her commodities the Captaine whereof had beene Bras Carero aforesaid They set saile after this disaster for Flores and after some refreshing on the nine and twentieth of Iune descryed another Carrick of 1500. Tunnes which they supposed to bee the Saint Philip one of the King of Spaines men of warre After some more cautelous fight occasioned by that conceit they sent their Boat to summon her to yeeld to the Queene of Englands ships vnder the command of the Earle of Cumberland or else to vndergoe the fortunes of the Fiue wounds the sorrowfull witnesses whereof they presented those two former Captaines to whom the Generall Don Lewys de Costynio answered As your Generall hath beene at the burning of the Fiue wounds so I haue beene at the burning and taking of the Reuenge of the Queene of Englands Therefore let him doe what he dare doe for his Queene and I will doe what I am able for my King commanding the Boat instantly to be gone The fight was renewed but intermitted by the calme and remitted by the remisser companie their Captaines being slaine and wounded Whereupon they gaue ouer and arriued in England in August and the beginning of September hauing done much harme to the enemie and little good to themselues THe Earle not liking his ill partage in the Madre de Dios nor this vnhappier losse of two Carricks for want of sufficient strength to take them builded a ship of his owne of 900. Tunnes at Detford which the Queene at her lanching named The Scourge of Malice the best ship that euer before had beene built by any subiect Shee made his Lordship three voyages and after was sold to the East Indian Companie whence shee made many returnes before in the name of the Dragon related and proued fortunate against the Portugals in the East His Lordship had thought to haue gone in her in person and prepared the Alcedo his Vice-admirall commanded by Captaine Monson the Antonio commanded by Daniel Iarret and the old Frigot But when he had gone as farre as Plimmouth on his intended voyage Her Majestie by Sir Francis Drake and Sir Iohn Hawkins sent for him to returne which commandement his Lordship obeyed but the ships proceeded to seeke their aduenture giuing command of the Admirall to Captaine Langton which Captaine Monson misliking went forth seuerally to seeke his owne fortune in the Alcedo The Scourge the Antonie and the Frigot went together to the Asores where first they tooke a Saint Thome Caruell of 100. Tunnes laden with Sugars After which neere the Iland of Flores in a fogge they espyed a great Ship lying by the Lee which they conceiued to be a Carrick but found it to be the Saint Thomas Vice-admirall of the King of Spaines fleet lying for the waftage of the East and West Indian fleetes with whom they fell in so hot a fight that shee was glad to beare vp to recouer her selfe amongst the rest of her Consorts which after the cleering of the fogge they discerned not farre from them Thence they went to the Coast of Spaine where they tooke three Dutch ships of the East-Countries laden with Wheat Copper and other munitions and prouisions for the King of Spaine Hauing spent their victuals they returned AN. 1596. his Lordship set forth againe the Scourge of Malice in which he went in person accompanied with the Dread-naught of the Queenes and some other small ships and about thirtie or fortie leagues from England was incountred with a storme wherein the Scourge spent her mayne mast and was made vnseruiceable for that voyage so that hee was forced to returne for England in the Dread naught THe same yeere perceiuing that the Earle of Essex and the Lord Admirall were to goe to the Coast of Spaine with a great fleet of the Queenes together with a squadron of Flemmish men of warre his Lordship thought good to a wait some gleanings in so great a Vintage and set forth the Ascension of 300. Tunnes and foure and thirtie pieces of Ordnance manned with 120. men commanded by Captaine Francis Slingsby chiefly to expect such ships as should come from Lisbone The Ascension thus furnished met with such a fret of winde that with all haste they handed in their sailes and being within the Hooke of Godwine Sands droue with two anchors ahead till they were within two Cables length of the Sands They then let fall their short anchor which by Gods grace stayed them till the next day noone hourely expecting their wrack and at last cut their Cables Hauing refurnished themselues at Plimouth they set forwards and comming to the Rocke say off and on After some frustrated attempts by the Boat on a Caruell in which the Captaine was sore wounded the King of Spaines Admirall Sirago set forth sixe ships against them and himselfe and another ship laid the Ascension aboard the one on the Bow the other on the Quarter and now the mouthes of the great Ordnance being neere in place to whisper roared out their thunders and pierced thorow and thorow on all hands Which ended the Spaniards leaped into the fore-chaines and mayne-chaines thinking to haue entred the ship but were brauely repelled The English seeing many Spaniards together vnder the Admirals halfe decke discharged amongst them a Fowler laden with case shot to their no small harme To that the Spaniards had enough and were content to fall off Of ours two and twentie were slaine and hurt which losse lighted asmuch on them which hid themselues as those which stood to the fight To preuent the like
to forgiue and true of word Sir Francis hâ—rd in reconciliation and constancie in friendship he was withall seuere and courteous magnaâ—imious and liberall They were both faultie in ambition but more the one then the other For in Sir Francis was an in sâ—tiable desire of honor indeed beyond reason He was infinite in promises and more temperate in aduersity then in better Fortune He had also other imperfections as aptnesse to anger and bitternesse in disgracing and too much pleased with open flattery Sir Iohn Hawkins had in him malice with dissimulation rudenesse in behauiour and passing sparing indeed miserable They were both happy alike in being Great Commanders but not of equall successe and grew great and famous by one meanes rising through their owne Vertues and the Fortune of the Sea Their was no comparison to bee made betweene their wel-deseruing and good parts for therein Sir Francis Drake did farre exceede This is all I haue obserued in the Uoyages wherein I haue serued with them R. M. A briefe recitall or nomination of Souldiers other Englishmens Voyages related at large in the printed Works of Master HAKLVYT OTher Voyages might here be inserted made by Englishmen into the Bay of Mexico as that by Captayne W. Michelson and William Mace of Ratcliffe in the Dogge 1589. which there tooke three shippes They held fight with a Spanish man of Warre who by fraud sought perfidiously to obtayne that which they could not by vnspotted Fortitude They put out a flagge of Truce and after kinde entertaynment aboord the English inuited them to their shippe where they assaulted them stabbing Roger Kingsâ—old the Pilot to the Heart staying others and forcing the rest to trust God and the Sea rather then the Deuill and the Spaniards thus swimming to their ship The valiant fight of the Content a small ship of Sir George Câ—reys Lord Hundsdon Lord Chamberlaine 1591. Iune 13. with three great Spanish ships each of six or seuen hundred and one small shippe and two Gallies farre more beeing slaine of the enemies then the English had to fight I leaue to Master Hakluyts report as also Captayne Christopher Newport his Voyage with three ships and a Pinnasse the same yeere which tooke and spoyled Yaguana and Ocoa in Hispaniâ—la and Truxillo besides other Prizes and in the way homeward were at the taking of the Madre de Dios. The next yeere Captayne Lane Gen. of Master Wats his fleete Captayne Roberts in the Exchange of Bristâ—ll and Captayne Beniamin Wood with foure shippes set forth by the Lord Thomas Howard Captayne Kenell of Lime-house and Captayne King of Ratcliffe Road with thirteene sayles before Hauana wayting for purchase Anno 1594. the Honourable Sir Robert Dudley set forth with two ships and two Pinnasses and made his Voyage to Trinidada and the Coast of Paria returning by the Iles of Granata Santa Cruez Santa Iuan de Puerto Rico Mona Zacheo and Bermuda In which Voyage he and his company tooke or sunke nine Spanish ships of which one was a man of Warre of sixe hundred tuns The particulars are related by himselfe in Master Hakluyt In him also the Reader may find the victorious Voyage of Captayne Amias Presten and Captayne George Summers both since Knights Anno 1595. in which the Iles of Puerto Santo and of Coche neere Margarita the Fort and Towne of Coro the Citie of Saint Iago de Leon were sacked and burnt the Towne of Cumana ransomed and Iamaica entred Sir Antonie Sherley Anno 1596. set forth from Hampton with nine ships and a Galley to Saint Iago Dominica Margarita Iamaica Bay of Honduras and homewards by New foundland This and Captayne Parkers Voyage 1596. to the same parts and Ports with his taking of Campeche the chiefe Towne of Iacatan and bringing thence a Frigat laden with the Kings Tribute Also the Voyages of Sir Walter Raleigh to Guiana and other intelligences of that Nation likewise Master William Hawkins his Voyages to Brasill and those of Reâ—iger and Borey Pudsâ—y Stephen Hare Sir Iames Lancasters taking of Fernambuc Fenton and Ward and Iohn Drakes Voyage after his departure from Fenton vp the Riuer of Plate and liuing fifteene moneths with the Sauages Anno 1582. All these I referre to the painfull labours of Master Hakluyt who hath well deserued of the English Nation and of these Neptunian Heroes that I mention not the many Voyages of others in those times of difference betwixt England and Spaine which here and there you shall finde mention of in these Relations Also Anno 1589. three ships were set forth by Master Chidlie and others for the Magellan Straites one of which arriued there and tooke there a Spaniard one of the foure hundred which had beene sent thither to inhabit which had long liued there alone the rest being famished They spent sixe weekes there with contrary winds and sixe only of their company teturned they also being racked on the Coast of Normandie as W. Magoths one of the sixe hath related These I doe but summarily mention as an Index rather to Master Hakluytâ— labours then with any intent to giue the discourse thereof But the strange fortunes of Peter Carder not hitherto published compell me to take speciall notice thereof which himselfe hath thus related CHAP. V. The Relation of PETER CARDER of Saint Verian in Cornwall within seuen miles of Falmouth which went with Sir FRANCIS in his Voyage about the World begun 1577. who with seuen others in an open Pinnasse or Shallop of fiue tuns with eight Oares was separated from his Generall by foule weather in the South Sea in October An. 1578. who returning by the Straites of Magellan toward Brasill were all cast away saue this one only afore named who came into England nine yeeres after miraculously hauing escaped many strange dangers aswell among diuers Sauages as Christians AFter Sir Francis Drake had passed the Straites of Magellan the sixt of September 1578. and was driuen downe to the Southwards in the South Sea vnto the latitude of fiftie fiue degrees and a terse with such accidents as are mentioned in his Voyage and returning backe toward the Straite againe The eight of October we lost sight of the Elizabeth one of our Consorts wherein Master Iohn Winter was who returned by the Straites againe as wee vnderstood afterward at our comming home into England according to his Voyage extant in print Shortly after his separation from our company our Generall commanded eight men to furnish our small Pinnasse or Shallop with eight men whose names were these my selfe Peter Carder aforesaid Richard Burnish of London Iohn Cottle and another both seruants to Master Iohn Hawkins Artyur a Dutch Trumpetor Richard Ioyner seruant to Vincent Scoble of Plimmouth Pasche Gidie of Salt Ashe and William Pitcher of London This company was commanded to waite vpon the ship for all necessary vses but hauing not passed one dayes victuals in vs nor any Card nor Compasse sauing only the
to seeke the Portugall Christians out and peaceably to put my selfe into their hands Hereupon the Gouernor and his assistants consulted and concluded together that I should be committed to the house of Antonio de Payue there remaine vntill they might write into Portugall to know the Kings pleasure concerning me Within one yeare they receiued answer from Lisbon concerning me that I should be forth comming and that hereafter the King would send further order for my transporting into Portugall But aboue two yeares passed before this order came In which meane space first I spent part of my time in going into the fields as ouerseer of my friends Negros and Sauages in their planting and dressing of their Sugar Canes and in planting of Gingers which grow there exceeding well but is a forbidden trade to be transported out for hindering of other places and in cutting downe of Brasil-wood and in bringing it downe by Riuers vpon rafts vnto the Port where the Ships doe lade it and in seeing them gather their Cotten wooll and picking the seedes out of it and packing the same and in gathering of the long Pepper both white and red After I had spent some yeare and an halfe in this businesse my friend Antonio de Payue hauing a small Barke of his owne which he employed in carrying of wares from Port to Port and for bringing of Sugars to places where Ships should lade vsed me knowing I had bin brought vp to the Sea in these his businesses Our first Voyage was to Ilheos where we left some wares and staied there some moneth then we went to Puerto Seguro and there tooke in some Sugars for Linnen Cloath Bayes Wine and Oyle Then returning home shortly after we were set forth againe in the same Barke to Spirito Sancto and Saint Vincent and the Riuer Ienero where discharging our wares to certaine Factors and receiuing Sugars and Cotten Wooll aboord we returned safely home In my first Voyage one Master Dauid Leake an English Surgeon lost there out of an English Shippe in the Countrie being much sought for because of his skill had passage with vs from Bahia to Spirito Sancto Vpon my returne of my second voyage my good friend Antonio de Payue aduertised me that a Shippe was shortly to arriue there to carry me into Portugall prisoner telling me that he should not be able any longer to helpe me and therefore wished me to looke to my selfe but kindely offered me his helpe to conuay me away whereupon I tooke his Boate and foure of his Negros pretending to goe on fishing to the Sea and so of purpose going much to Leeward of the place I put in to Feruambuc where the Negroes being examined whence we came and for what cause being vtterly ignorant of mine intent answered that they were drawn thither by force of weather and for their Masters sake were well intreated and returned home with the next winde my selfe remaining secretly behinde them Within certaine moneths there came thither a Hulke with eight English men and foureteene Portugals who after some three moneths had laden the same with English and Portugall goods to come for England The English goods belonged to M. Cordal M. Beecher and M. Sadler worshipfull Merchants of the Citie of London which had bin left in the Countrie before by the Merchant Royall Thus passing homeward in our course as far as the Iles of the Açores within sight of the I le of Pike being fiue Portugall Ships in consort we met with Cap. Raymond and Cap. George Drake of Exeter with two English Ships of warre who because the peace betweene England and Spaine was broken the yeare before commanded vs to yeelde our selues to them as their lawfull prises which we did al fiue accordingly without any resistance But by contrary weather we were driuen into Baltimore in Ireland and within a while after we arriued in the narrow Seas in the hauen of Chichister in the end of Nouember 1586. nine yeares and foureteene dayes after my departure out of England with Sir Francis Drake in his Voyage about the World My strange aduentures and long liuing among cruell Sauages being known to the right honorable the Lord Charles Howard Lord high Admirall of England he certified the Queenes Maiesty thereof with speede and brought me to her presence at White-hall where it pleased her to talke with me a long houres space of my trauailes and wonderfull escape and among other things of the manner of M. Dowties execution and afterward bestowed 22. angels on me willing my Lord to haue consideration of me with many gracious words I was dismissed humbly thanking the Almighty for my miraculous preseruation and safe returne into my natiue Countrie To the Reader HEre maâ—st thou read that dismall and fatall voyage of Master Thomas Candish in which he consummated his earthly peregrination In the former voyage of his which amongst our Circumâ—auigations of the Globe we haue presented thee thou findest a perpetuall Sunshine no man euer hauing in neere so little time compassed that huge circumference or taken his choise of so much more wealth then he could bring home or reuisited his natiue soile with greater pompe and triumph The clearest day hath a night nor doth Summer last alway the Sea hath his â—bbing as well as flowing the Aire hath calmes and stormes the Moone â—â—deth sometimes the Suns lustre from vs by her interposition sometimes is her selfe meerely darkened by the Earths shadow And if the Elements Seasons and Heauens two Eyes be subiect to such vicissitâ—des what is this little mâ—lchill of earth this modell of clay this moueable circumference of constant inconstancie immutable mutability this vanishing centre of diuersified vanitie which we call Man that herein also he should not resemble this samplar of the vniuerse as becommeth a littls map to be like that larger Prototype This we see all and feele daily in our selues this in Master Candish here in Sir Francis Drakes before the Seas two darlings there and thence both liuing and dying if dissolution of the body may be called a death where the soule arriueth in heauen the name fils the earth the deedes are presidents to posteritie and England their Countrie hath the glory alone that she hath brought forth two illustrious Captaâ—â—es and Generals which haue fortunately embraced the round waste of their vaste mother without waste of life reputation and substance yea victorious ouer elements and enemies illustrious in wealth and honour they haue comne home like the Sunne in a Summers day seeming greatest neerest his euening home the whole skie entertaining and welcoming him in festiuall scarless and displayed colours of triumph No Nation else hath yeelded one which in all these respects may be matchable Magalianes hath left himselfe odious to his Portugals for offered seruice to the Spaniard and like Phaeton thinking with Phebus his Chariot to compasse the World perished mid-way Midway was
knew not my purpose The day before I purposed to make my intent knowne their came another chiefe Captaine of the Yayoas aboord to dine with me who together with the former after Dinner desired to speake with me whereupon I sent for an Indian who had beene in England to bee Interpreter and tooke them into my Cabbin The two Captaines told a long Storie of the wrongs the Caribes had done them how they had driuen them from their ancient dwellings in other Riuers killed many of their friends carried their women and children away Captiues and hurt many of their men and thereupon they called one of their men to shew me how he was lately hurt in three places with their Arrowes to conclude they told me how they purposed the next Moone to goe against the Caribes with twentie Canoas and earnestly entreated me if I stayed so long to goe with them to their Warres Vpon this good occasion I told them that I purposed to stay in the Countrey seuen or eight moneths to seeke out and make triall of Mynes And in the meane time that I purposed to build Houses ashoare at the head of the Riuer and there to plant Gardens that my men might haue victuals of their owne labours which done I would build a shallop and send twentie men in her with them to fight against the Caribes withall this they seemed wonderfull well content and thereupon they promised Indians to helpe mee to build and to plant and the chiefe Captaine promised himselfe to goe vp with me The next day being the third of May I set sayle from the mouth of Caroleigh and cast Anchor in a Bay vnder Mount Oliphe where I purposed to plant and make my habitation but my men discomforted with the sight of the Woodes which they were to fell grew generally discontented and omitted no practices to ouerthrow the Voyage being suborned vnder hand by my vnfaithfull Seruant the Master his lewd consorts he brought with him being the only publike maintayners of the mutenie How I haue beene troubled with him and his consorts who intending spoyle and purchase in the West Indies haue from the beginning sought the ouerthrow of this Voyage this Bearer can certifie you at large And vndoubtedly hee made full account with his head-strong companions at such a time to haue commanded the ship at his pleasure To conclude amongst other their practices they so consumed the victuals which should haue mayntained vs vntill the earth had yeelded supply as that in sixe dayes our Potatoes which should haue lasted vs two monethes were wholly spent hereupon being farre distant from the Indians who inhabit at the mouth of the Riuer fortie miles from the falls and it being very doubtfull how wee should bee furnished with victuals from them in our extremitie I gaue consent that the ship should returne to the mouth of the Riuer with this condition that after I had refurnished them with victuals and other things sufficient that then they should plant vpon Mount Huntlay two leagues to the West of Caroleigh which being neere the Indians and betweene them and their enemies they would be readie and willing to furnish vs with victuals vpon any extremitie to which condition they generally consented that place being first motioned by some of them The shippe being returned they had then brought mutinie to such a head as that to my face they stood in defiance of the Voyage and told me plainly they would not stay doe what I would or could I vrged them with their promise to plant on Mount Huntly one of them who seemed most forward of all men to yeeld to that motion answered that he promised in policie to draw me from Mount Oliphe But in the end it pleased God what by faire meanes and what by foule I brought them all to consent to stay one whole yeere thorow all extremities if it were possible to make a full triall both of people and Countrey and to plant vpon Mount Huntley according to their promise This agreed vpon I went ashoare to the Indians to prouide victuals and other necessaires for our Plantation who being exceeding glad of my returne offered me to choose the best of their houses and gardens to dwell amongst them For they were very vnwilling that I should goe to any other place to conclude iudging their offers by many likelihoods to be without deceit I resolued to abide with them vpon this condition that they should send foure principall Indians for England as pledges for our safetie with them whereunto they willingly condescended and if I would I might haue twentie For they make daily suite to me to goe for England Beeing in conference with an assembly of two or three hundred purposely met to craue my abode amongst them and demanding of them vowes and protestations according to the custome of all people for the more securitie of our peace and amity their answere was that they knew not how to make vowes and protestations and therefore generally they desired sundry of their Captaines speaking it together with a low and humble voice that I would bring them men to teach them to pray Which motion of theirs proceeding from themselues and in that humble manner strooke me I assure you into an admiration of ioy to thinke that it hath pleased Almightie God after so many dangers heretofore and troubles in the Voyage to preserue me to be a meanes to this simple-hearted people of the knowledge of Christ. Vndoubtedly it was the wonderfull worke of Gods Spirit in them where at all Christian hearts ought to reioyce And I am perswaded the like instance hath neuer beene before by any people in the World I beseech Almightie God to giue a blessed and to this hopefull beginning The foureteenth of Iune concluding with the Indians vpon sundry conditions I purchased of them the same day for a few Hatchets Houses and Gardens planted with Cassaua and Potatoes sufficient for all my company the scituation of our Houses is in the pleasantest and most fruitfull place of all their habitations And because it is a small Village of six or seuen houses and the first place of our setled aboade I haue named it Principium the Hill on which it standeth being part of the Mountaine on the West side of the entrance of the Riuer I haue named Mount Howard to honour the remembrance of my Lord Admirall of whom heretofore I haue receiued many fauours on the East side of the entrance of Caro Leigph lieth the Riuer Oâ—iuoleighe heretofore called Arrikowarye and on the West side of Mount Howard runneth the Riuer Iotrameleighe by the Indians called Wanarie The commodities which this Countrie doth yeelde and through industrie will abound in are these Sugar Canes Cotten and fine Flaxe also it would yeelde great store of long Pepper if there might be vent for it in England here is sundry sorts of Gummes of Woods and of Dies which I hope will proue good commodities of all which I haue sent
you samples by Master Huntlie especially one sort of Gumme which I am perswaded will proue very rich Also I haue sent vnto you a peece of a Stone taken out of a Manuate or Sea Cowe I am giuen to vnderstand that a little thereof beaten into powder and drunke in Wine or Ale will in few houres cure any man that is troubled with the Stone they say it dissolueth it instantly I doubt not but to get a dosen of them before this time twelue moneths my refiner hath made triall of sundrie Minerals but cannot yet finde any Mettals At my arriuall here I found a Dutch Shippe and sithence here hath arriued another they buye vp all the Flaxe they can get and pay so deere that I can get none they haue not gotten so little I thinke as ten tunnes of Flaxe within these two moneths I doubt not but I shall be able to returne a Shippe laden with Flaxe and other commodities the next yeare the Flaxe yeeldeth a wonderfull encrease and will grow any where but especially in low moorish grounds the Indians report that the Roote yeeldeth increase euery moneth and euerie yeelde may be some foure ounces by this accompt an acre of ground planted with these rootes and distant three foote a sunder will yeelde 17280. li. euerie yeare which amounteth at sixe pence the pound to 432. li. I doubt this will not proue answerable to their reports but I verily beleeue it will yeelde halfe the encrease they speake of the Dutch men haue reported that it is worth in Holland but six pence the pound but they confesse that Holland will vent 500. tunne thereof Some of the Dutch men haue reported that it is worth in Holland sixteene pence the pound which I rather beleeue for my Weuers tell me that they will warrant it to dresse exceeding well and then it must needes be excellent fine grounds for any stuffe for Cotten here is little not worth the speaking of yet the Countrie will yeelde abundance and in sixe weekes the seede will yeelde Cotten and it beareth continually and plentifully I pray you sir send me more Weauers for I know not how to get any thing spunne for them for the women here are put to that extreame labour that they haue no time to spinne for they onely fetch water cut wood to burne and bring it home vpon their backes they gather all their rootes and bring them out of their Gardens they make all their Bread which is verie laboursome they dresse all the victuals make all the drinke attend vpon the men while they are at meate and besides they dresse vp their houses in their kinde and nurse their owne children so as they are alwayes toiled with labour and haue little or no time to spinne For Sugar Canes the world doth not yeelde better soyle for their encrease and whereas in Barbarie it is fifteene or sixteene moneths before they come to perfection here they grow vp in ten moneths And in Barbarie they are planted onely in two Uallies where they are watered euery weeke but here they grow vpon the Mountaines and neuer watered but with raine onely A few yeares I doubt not will afford plentie of Sugars if wee shall haue meanes to make them My loose commodities as Hatchets Beades Kniues Looking-glasses c. are almost all gone a great part in buying of victuals but the most part to stoppe the mouthes of my Mutinors and monstrous Sailours to whom also I haue promised two third parts of my Iron Now for the prosecuting of this voyage in such sort as that we be not preuented by the Spaniard nor any other Nation I would entreate you with as much speede as possibly you can to send me a supply of one hundred men at least to abide here all labouring men and Gardners for such are the fittest here for a time with a few Carpenters and with them three or foure good peeces of Ordnance with shot and powder also fiftie Caliuers for the men that stay here if you can send these men in two Shippes I doubt not but to lade one of them backe in three moneths after arriuall and the other which I wish may be the Oliue plant I would keepe here and fit her for a Frigot to keepe and command the Riuer I haue written to my brother Iohn Leighe to deliuer vnto you such monies as he hath receiued of Gifford who I hope hath ere this time paid his debts I hope you shall get store of voluntarie men to ease the charge of the Uoyage and looke what you shall disburse in my behalfe for the accomplishment of the Uoyage I will God willing see you honestly paid with aduantage or else if it please you to put it in aduenture it shall be accomplished in any sort to your owne desirâ— As I doubt not of your loue and forwardnesse especially in so good an action so also I make no question but this Countrie will in few years yeelde you satisfaction beyond your expectation If my wife haue not alreadie attained her suite of the Kings Maiestie I hope she will the sooner speede vpon this newes which if she doe my desire is that all shall be imployed vpon these proceedings and to that effect I haue written to her I haue written a Letter to the Kings Maiestie another to the Lords of the Counsell and one to mâ— Lord Admirall The bearer hereof Captaine Huntlie is the worthiest yong Gentleman that euer went to Sea vpon any dangerous enterprize he was neuer dismaid neither with extreame dangers at Sea nor with all the Mutinies aboord which had beene able to haue discouraged an old experienced Souldier besides I found him alwaies a most true faithfull and loyall friend and therefore I pray accompt him for a right honest man I have made him my Lieftenant generall of these Countries during life and therefore I pray let him returne chiefe commander in the first supply I would pray you also to procure to come with him some honest and discreete men whom I might relie vpon as trustie friends and vse as companions both for aduise and societie for I am now very vncomfortably matched hauing no worldly strength to trust vpon but my selfe onely I haue sent vnto you foure Indians principall men in their Countrie which were deliuered vnto me as pledges of our safeties here and they are to returne again the first but I thinke some of them will be more willing to stay longer The English man which was left here by Captaine Lea is dead I pray you procure Sir Walter Rawleighes Indian or my Lord Admirals for I want an Interpreter exceedingly here is but one and he vnderstandeth but little to any purpose I pray forget not to send Preachers sober and discreete men and such as are well perswaded of the Church gouernment in England c. From Principium or Mount Howard this second of Iuly 1604. CHAP. XIII A true Relation of the traiterous massacre of the most part of threescore
called Mathias de Alburkerke sailed had only gotten to India as afterward newes thereof was brought ouer Land hauing beene at the least eleuen monethes at Sea and neuer saw Land and came in great misery to Malacca In this ship there died by the way two hundred and eightie men according to a note by himselfe made and sent to the Cardinall at Lisbon with the names and surnames of euery man together with a description of his Voyage and the misery they had indured which was only done because he would not lose the gouernment of India and for that cause he had sworne either to lose his life or to arriue in India as indeed he did afterwards but to the great danger losse and hinderance of his company that were forced to buy it with their liues and onely for want of prouision as it may well bee thought for he knew full well that if he had returned backe againe into Portingall as the other ships did hee should haue beene casheered from his Indian Regiment because the people began alreadie to murmurre at him for his proude and loftie minde And among other things that shewed his pride the more behind aboue the Gallery of his ship he caused Fortune to be painted and his owne Picture with a staffe standing by her as it were threatning Fortune with this Poesie Quero que vencas that is I will haue thee to ouercome which beeing read by the Cardinall and other Gentlemen that to honour him aboord his ship it was thought to be a point of exceeding folly But it is no strange matter among the Portingalls for they aboue all others must of force Let the Foole peepe out of their sleeues specially when they are in authoritie for that I knew the said Mathias de Alberkerk in India being a Souldier and a Captaine where he was esteemed and accounted for one of the best of them and much honoured and beloued of all men as behauing himselfe courteously to euery man whereby they all desired that he might be Vice-roy But when he once had receiued his Patent with full power and authoritie from the King to be Vice-roy hee changed so much from his former behauiour that by reason of his pride they all began to feare and curse him and that before he departed out of Lisbon as it is often seene in many men that are aduanced vnto state and dignitie The twentieth of Ianuary Anno 1591. there was newes brought out of Portingall into Tercera that the Englishmen had taken a ship that the King had sent into the Portingall Indies with aduise to the Vice-roy for the returning againe of the foure ships that should haue gone to India and because the ships were come backe againe that ship was stuffed and laded as full of goods as possible it might be hauing likewise in ready money fiue hundred thousand Duckets in Rials of eight besides other wares It departed from Lisbone in the moneth of Nouember 1590. and met with the Englishmen with whom for a time it fought but in the end it was taken and carried into England with men and all yet when they came there the men were set at libertie and returned into Lishone where the Captaine was committed Prisoner but hee excused himselfe and was released with whom I spake my selfe and he made this report vnto me At the same time also they tooke a ship that came from the Myne laden with Gold and two ships laden with Pepper and Spices that were to saile into Italie the Pepper onely that was in them being worth 170000. Duckets all these ships were carried into England and made good prize In the moneth of Iuly An. 1591. there happened an Earth-quake in the Iland of S. Michaell which continued from the six and twentieth of Iuly to the twelfth of August in which time no man durst stay within his house but fled into the fields fasting and praying with great sorrow for that many of their houses fell downe and a Towne called Villa Franca was almost cleane razed to the ground all the Cloysters and houses shaken to the earth and therein some people slaine The Land in some places rose vp and the Cliffes remooued from on place to another and some Hils were defaced and made euen with the ground The Earthquake was so strong that the ships which lay in the Road and on the Sea shaked as if the World would haâ—e turned round there sprang also a Fountaine out of the earth from whence for the space of foure dayes there flowed a most cleare water and after that it ceased At the same time they heard such thunder and noise vnder the earth as if all the Diuels in hell had beene assembled together in that place wherewith many died for feare The Iland of Tercera shooke foure times together so that it seemed to turne about but there happened no misfortune vnto it Earthquakes are common in those Ilands for about twenty yeares past there happened another earthquake where in a high Hill that lyeth by the same towne of Villa Franca fell halfe downe and couered all the towne with earth and killed many men The fiue and twentieth of August the Kings Armada comming out of Farol arriued in Tercera being in all thirty Ships Biskates Portugals and Spaniards and ten Dutch flye-boates that were arested in Lisbone to serue the King besides other small Ships Pataxos that came to serue as messengers from place to place and to discouer the Seas This Nauie came to stay for and conuoy the Sâ—â—ps that should come from the Spanish Indies and the flye-boates were appointed in their returne home to take in the goods that were saued in the lost Ship that came from Malacca and to conuoy it to Lisbone The thirteenth of September the said Armado arriued at the Iland of Coruo where the Englishmen with about sixteene Ships as then lay staying for the Spanish Fleete whereof some or the most part were come and there the English were in good hope to haue taken them But when they perceiued the Kings Army to be strong the Admirall being the Lord Thomas Howard commanded his Fleete not to fall vpon them nor any of them once to seperate their Shippes from him vnlesse he gaue commission so to doe notwithstanding the Vice-Admirall Sir Richard Greenfield being in the Ship called the Reuenge went into the Spanish Fleete and shot among them doing them great hurt and thinking the rest of the company would haue followed which they did not but left him there and sailed away the cause why they could not know which the Spaniards perceiuing with seuen or eight Ships they boorded her but she withstood them all fighting with them at the least twelue houres together and sunke two of them one being a new double Flie-boate of twelue thousand tunnes and Admirall of the Flie-boates the other a Biscaine But in the end by reason of the number that came vpon her she was taken but to their great losse
Mussaneekes young beasts or such like Commodities as to exchange them with the Saylers for Butter Cheese Beefe Porke Aquauitae Beere Bisket and Oate-meale and then faine that all was sent them from their friends And though Uirginia affoord no Furres for the store yet one Mariner in one Voyage hath got so many as he hath confessed to haue sold in England for thirtie pound And for all this riot and Newports boasting to leaue vs for twelue monethes though we had eightie nine by his Discouerie sicke and lame which by one man for a pound of Copper might much better haue beene done and hauing but a pint of Corne a day for a man we were constrained to giue him three Hogsheads of that Corne to victuall his ship homeward Those are the Saint-seeming Worthies of Uirginia that haue notwithstanding all this meat drinke and pay but now they beginne to grow wearie their Trade beeing both perceiued and preuented none hath beene in Uirginia that hath obserued any thing which knowes not this to be true and yet the scorne and shame was the poore Souldiers Gentlemen and carelesse Gouernours who were all thus bought and sold the Aduenturers coozened and the action ouerthrowne by their false excuses informations and directions by this let all the World Iudge how this businesse could prosper being thus abused by such pilfering occasions The proceedings and accidents with the second supply Master Scriuener was sent with the Barges and Pinnace to Werawocomoco where he found the Sauages more readie to fight then trade but his vigilancie was such as preuented their proiects and by the meanes of Namontack got three or foure Hogsheads of Corne and as much red paint which then was esteemed an excellent die Captaine Newport being dispatched with the tryals of Pitch Tarre Glasse Frankincense and Sope-ashes with that Clapboord and Wainscot which could bee prouided met with Master Scriuener at Point Comfort and so returned for England leauing vs in all two hundred with those he brought vs Those poore conclusions so affrighted vs all with famine that the President prouided for Nansamund tooke with him Captaine Winne and Master Scriuener then returning from Captaine Newport these people also long denied him Trade excusing themselues to be so commanded by Powhatan till we were constrained to begin with them perforce and then they would rather sell vs some then we should take all so loading our Boats with one hundred bushels wee parted friends and came to Iames Towne at which time there was a Marriage betweene Iohn Laydon and Anna Burrowes being the first Marriage we had in Virginia Long he stayed not but fitting himselfe and Captaine VValdo with two Barges from Chawopo VVeanocke and all parts there was found neither Corne nor Sauage but all fled being iealous of our intents till we discouered the Riuer and people of Appametuck where we found little that which they had wee equally deuided betwixt the Sauages and vs but gaue them Coppâ—r in consideration Master Percie and Master Scriuener went also abroad but could finde nothing The President seeing this procrastinating of time was no course to liue resolued with Captaine VValdo whom he knew to be sure in time of need to surprize Powhatan and all his prouision but Captaine VVinne and Master Scriuener for some priuate respects did their best to hinder their proiect But the President whom no perswasions could perswade to starue being inuited by Powhatan to come vnto him and if he would send him but men to build him a house bring him a Grindstone fiftie Swords some Peeces a Cocke and a Henne with Copper and Beads he would load his ship with Corne the President not ignorant of his deuices yet vnwilling to neglect any opportunitie presently sent three Dutchmen and two English hauing no victuals to imploy them all for want thereof being idle knowing there needed no better Castell then that house to surprize Powhatan to effect this proiect hee tooke order with Captaine Waldo to second him if need required Scriuener he left his Substitute and set forth with the Pinnace two Barges and sixe and fortie men which only were such as voluntarily offered themselues for his iournie the which by reason of Master Scriueners ill successe was censured very desperate they all knowing Smith would not returne emptie howsoeuer caused many of those that he had appointed to find excuses to stay behind THe nine and twentieth of December hee set forward for Werawocomoco In the Pinnace Master George Percie brother to the Earle of Northumberland Master Francis West brother to the Lord De-la-Ware William Phetiplace Captaine of the Pinnace Ionaâ— Profit Master Robert Ford Clerke of the Councell Michaell Phetiplace Geoffâ—ry Abbot Sergeant William Tankard George Yarington Iames Bourne George Burton Thomas Coe Gentlemen Iohn Dods Edward Brinton Nathaniell Peacocke Henry Powell Dauid Ellis Thomas Gipson Iohn Prat. George Acrigge Iames Reade Nicholas Hancocke Iames Watkins Anthony Baggly Sergeant Thomas Lambert Edward Pising Sergeant Souldiers Foure Dutchmen and Richard Sauage were sent by Land to build the house for Powhatan against our arriuall This company being victualled but for three or foure dayes lodged the first night at Weraâ—koyack where the President tooke sufficient prouision This kinde Sauage did his best to diuert him from seeing Powhatan but perceiuing hee could not preuaile hee aduised in this manner Captaine Smith you shall find Powhatan to vse you kindly but trust him not and be sure he haue no opportunitie to seize on your armes for he hath sent for you only to cut your throts the Captaine thanked him for his good counsell yet the better to try his loue desired Guides to Chowaâ—oke for hee would send a present to that King to bind him his friend To performe this Iourney was sent Michael Sicklemore a very honest valiant and painfull Souldier with him two Guides and directions how to search for the lost company of Sir Walter Rawleigh and Silke Grasse then wee departed thence the President assuring the King his perpetuall loue and left with him Samuell Collier his Page to learne the Language The next night being lodged at Kecoughtan sixe or seuen dayes the extreme wind raine frost and snow caused vs to keepe Christmasse amongst the Sauages where we were neuer more merrie nor fed on more plentie of good Oysters Fish Flesh Wild-foule and good Bread nor neuer had better fires in England then in the dry warme smokie houses of Kecoughtan But departing thence when we found no houses we were not curious in any weather to lie three or foure nights together vpon any shore vnder the Trees by a good fire The President Anthony Bagly and Edward Pising did kill one hundred fortie and eight Fowles at three shootes At Kiskiack the Frost forced vs three or foure dayes also to suppresse the insolencie of those proud Sauages to quarter in their houses and guard our Barge and cause them giue vs what we wanted yet were wee but
returned home into Plimmoth for a new supply of victuals and other necessaries who considering the foresaid tempest were of opinion that the Nauie being of late dispersed and tossed vp and downe the maine Ocean was by no meanes able to performe their intended Voyage Moreouer the Lord Charles Howard Lord high Admirall of England had receiued Letters from the Court signifying vnto him that her Maiesty was aduertised that the Spanish Fleete would not come forth nor was to be any longer expected for and therefore that vpon her Maiesties commandement hee must send backe foure of her tallest and strongest Ships vnto Chattam The Lord high Admirall of England being thus on the sudden namely vpon the 19. of Iuly about foure of the clocke in the afternoone enformed by the Pinnace of Captaine Fleming aforesaid of the Spaniards approach with all speede and diligence possible hee warped his Ships and caused his Mariners and Souldiers the greater part of whom was absent for the cause aforesaid to come on boord and that with great trouble and difficultie insomuch that the Lord Admirall himselfe was faine to lie without in the road with six Ships onely all that night after the which many others came forth of the hauen The very next day being the 20. of Iuly about high noone was the Spanish Fleet escried by the English which with a South-west winde came sailing along and passed by Plimmouth in which regard according to the iudgement of many skilfull Nauigators they greatly ouershot themselues whereas it had beene more commodious for them to haue staied themselues there considering that the Englishmen being as yet vnprouided greatly relied vpon their owne forces and knew not the estate of the Spanish Nauie Moreouer this was the most conuenient Port of all others where they might with greater security haue beene aduertised of the English forces and how the commons of the land stood affected and might haue stirred vp some mutinie so that hit her they should haue bent all their puissance and from hence the Duke of Parma might more easily haue conueied his Ships But this they were prohibited to doe by the King and his Counsell and were expresly commanded to vnite themselues vnto the souldiers and ships of the said Duke of Parma and so to bring their purpose to effect Which was thought to be the most easie and direct course for that they imagined that the English and Dutch men would be vtterly daunted and dismaied thereat and would each man of them retire vnto his owne Prouâ—â—ce or Port for the defence thereof and transporting the Armie of the Duke vnder the protection of their huge Nauie they might inuade England It is reported that the chiefe commanders in the Nauy and those which were more skilfull in nauigation to wit Iohn Martines de Ricalde Diego Flores de Ualdez and diuers others found fault that they were bound vnto so strict directions and instructions because that in such a case many particular accidents ought to concurre and to be respected at one and the same instant that is to say the opportunitie of the winde weather time tide and ebbe wherein they might faile from Flanders to England Oftentimes also the darknesse and light the situation of places the depths and shoalds were to be considered all which especially depended vpon the conueniency of the windes and were by so much the more dangerous But it seemed that they were enioyned by their Commission to ancre neere vnto or about Caleis whither the Duke of Parma with his ships and all his warlike prouision was to resort and while the English and Spanish great ships were in the midst of their conflict to passe by and to land his souldiers vpon the Downes The Spanish Captiues reported that they were determined first to haue entred the Riuer of Thames thereupon to haue passed with small ships vp to London supposing that they might easily win that rich and flourishing Citie being but meanely fortified and inhabited with Citizens not accustomed to the wars who durst not withstand their first encounter hoping moreouer to finde many rebels against her Maiestie and Popish Catholikes or some fauourers of the Scottish Queene not long before beheaded who might be instruments of sedition Thus often aduertising the Duke of Parma of their approach the 20. of Iuly they passed by Plimmouth which the English pursuing and getting the winde of them gaue them the chase and the encounter and so both Fleetes frankly exchanged their Bullets The day following which was the 21. of Iuly the English Ships approached within Musket shot of the Spanish at what time the Lord Charles Howard most hotly and valiantly discharged his Ordnance vpon the Spanish Vice-admirall The Spaniards then well perceiuing the nimblenesse of the English ships in discharging vpon the enemy on all sides gathered themselues close into the forme of an halfe Moone and slackned their sailes least they should outgoe any of their company And while they were proceeding on in this manner one of their great Galliasses was so furiously battered with shot that the whole Nauie was faine to come vp rounder together for the safegard thereof whereby it came to passe that the principall Galleon of Siuill wherein Don Pedro de Valdez Vasques de Silua Alonzo de Sayas and other Noble men were embarqued falling foule of another ship had her fore-mast broken and by that meanes was not able to keepe way with the Spanish Fleete neither would the said Fleete stay to succour it but lâ—ft the distressed Galeon behinde The Lord Admirall of England when hee saw this Ship of Ualdez and thought she had beene voide of Marriners and Souldiers taking with him as many ships as he could passed by it that hee might not loose sight of the Spanish Fleete that night For Sir Francis Drake who was not withstanding appointed to beare out his Lanterne that night was giuing of chase vnto fiue great Hulkes which had separated themselues from the Spanish Fleete but finding them to be Easterlings hee dismissed them The Lord Admirall all that night following the Spanish Lanterne instead of the English found himselfe in the morning to be in the midst of his enemies Fleete but when he perceiued it he clenly conueied himselfe out of that great danger The day following which was the 22. of Iuly Sir Francis Drake espied Valdez his ship whereunto he sent for his Pinnace and being aduertised that Ualdez himselfe was there and 450. persons with him he sent him word that hee should yeelde himselfe Valdez for his honours fake caused certaine conditions to be propounded vnto Drake who answered Valdez that he was not now at leisure to make any long parle but if he would yeelde himselfe he should finde him friendly and tractable howbeit if he had resolued to die in fight he should proue Drake to be no dastard Vpon which answer Ualdez and his Company vnderstanding that they were fallen into the hands of fortunate Drake being
by reason they had so frankly spent the greater part in the former conflicts The same day a Counsell being assembled it was decreed that the English Fleete should be deuided into foure squadrons the principall whereof was committed vnto the Lord Admirall the second to Sir Francis Drake the third to Captaine Hawkins the fourth to Captaine Frobisher The Spaniards in their sailing obserued very diligent and good order sailing three and foure and sometimes more ships in a ranke and following close vp one after another and the stronger and greater ships protecting the lesser The fiue and twenty of Iuly when the Spaniards were come ouer-against the Isle of Wight the Lord admirall of England being accompanied with his best ships namely the Lion Captaine whereof was the Lord Thomas Howard The Elizabeth Ionas vnder the command of Sir Robert Southwell son in law vnto the Lord Admirall the Beare vnder the Lord Sheffield Nephew vnto the Lord Admirall the Victorie vnder Captaine Barker and the Galeon Leicester vnder the forenamed Captain George Fenner with great valour and dreadfull thunder of shot encountered the Spanish Admirall being in the very midst of all his Fleete Which when the Spaniards perceiued being assisted with his strongest ships he came forth and entered a terrible combat with the English for they bestowed each on other the broad sides and mutually discharged all their Ordnance being within one hundred or an hundred and twenty yards one of another At length the Spaniards hoised vp their failes and againe gathered themselues vp close into the forme of a roundell In the meane while Captaine Frobisher had engaged himselfe into a most dangerous conflict Whereupon the Lord Admirall comming to succour him found that hee had valiantly and discreetly behaued himselfe and that he had wisely and in good time giuen ouer the fight because that after so great a batterie he had sustained no damage For which cause the day following being the sixe and twenty of Ioly the Lord Admirall rewarded him with the order of Knighthood together with the Lord Thomas Howard the Lord Sheffield Master Iohn Hawkins and others The same day the Lord Admirall receiued intelligence from New-hauen in France by certaine of his Pinnaces that all things were quit in France and that there was no preparation of sending aide vnto the Spaniards which was greatly feared from the Guisian faction and from the Leaguers but there was a false rumour spread all about that the Spaniards had conquered England The seuen and twentieth of Iuly the Spaniards about the sun-setting were come ouer-against Douer and rode at ancre within the sight of Caleis intending to hold on for Dunkerk expecting there to ioyne with the Duke of Parma his forces without which they were able to doe little or nothing Likewise the English Fleete following vp hard vpon them ancred iust by them within culuering-shot And here the Lord Henry Seymer vnited himselfe vnto the Lord Admirall with his fleet of 30. ships which rode before the mouth of Thames As the Spanish Nauie therefore lay at ancre the Duke of Medina sent certaine Messengers vnto the Duke of Parma with whom vpon that occasion many Noblemen and Gentlemen went to refresh themselues on land and amongst the rest the Prince of Ascoli being accounted the Kings base son and a very proper and towardly yong Gentleman to his great good went on shoare who was by so much the more fortunate in that he had not opportunity to returne on boord the same ship out of which he was departed because that in returning home it was cast away vpon the Irish coast withall the persons contained therein The Duke of Parma being aduertised of the Spanish Fleetes arriuall vpon the coast of England made all the haste hee could to be present himselfe in this expedition for the performance of his charge vainely perswading himselfe that now by the meanes of Cardinall Allen hee should be crowned King of England and for that cause he had resigned the Gouernment of the Low-Countries vnto Count Mansfeld the elder And hauing made his vowes vnto Saint Mary of Hall in Heâ—ault whom he went to visite for hisblinde deuotions sake he returned toward Bruges the eight and twenty of Iuly The next day trauelling to Dunkerk hee heard the thundring Ordnance of either Fleete and the same euening being come to Dixmud hee was giuen to vnderstand the hard successe of the Spanish Fleete Vpon tuesday which was the 13. of Iuly about high noone he came to Dunkerk when as all the Spanish Fleete was now passed by neither durst any of his ships in the meane space come forth to assist the said Spanish Fleet for feare of fiue and thirty warlike ships of Holland and Zeland which there kept watch and ward vnder the conduct of the Admirall Iustin of Nassau The foresaid fiue and thirty ships were furnished with most cunning Mariners and old expert Souldiers amongst the which were twelue hundred Musketeers whom the States had chosen out of all their Garrisons and whom they knew to haue beene heretofore experienced in Sea-fights This Nauie was giuen especially in charge not to suffer any ship to come out of the Hauen nor to permit any Zabraes Pataches or other small vessels of the Spanish Fleete which were more likely to aide the Dunkerkers to enter thereinto for the greater ships were not to be feared by reason of the shallow Sea in that place Howbeit the Prince of Parma his forces being as yet vnready were not come on boord his ships onely the English Fugitiues being seuen hundred in number vnder the conduct of Sir William Stanley came in fit time to haue beene embarked because they hoped to giue the first assault against England The residue shewed themselues vnwilling and loath to depart because they saw but a few Marriners who were by constraint drawne into this expedition and also because they had very bare prouision of Bread Drinke and other necessary victuals Moreouer the ships of Holland and Zeland stood continually in their sight threatning shot and Powder and many inconueniences vnto them for feare of which ships the Mariners and Sea-men secretly withdrew themselues both day and night least that the Duke of Parma his Souldiers should compell them by maine force to goe on boord and to breake through the Hollanders Fleete which all of them iudged to be impossible by reason of the straightnesse of the Hauen But it seemeth that the Duke of Parma and the Spaniards grounded vpon a vaine and presumptuous expectation that all the ships of England and of the Low-Countries would at the first sight of the Spanish and Dunkerk Nauie haue betaken themselues to flight yeelding them Sea-roome and endeuouring onely to defend themselues their hauens and Sea-coasts from inuasion Wherefore their intent and purpose was that the Duke of Parma in his small and flat-bottomed ships should as it were vnder the shadow and
Westerly wind bringeth in the hollow mother Sea so the wind then being West Southerly blew trade and made both a great Sea gate or wash vpon the shoare and a dangerous rode So as besides the apparant likelihood that our men had been all lost by the ouerturning of our Boats vpon our heads the losse of our Boates which could not haue beene in that place auoided had kept vs from watering and so had beene the manifest destruction of the whole Fleet. Whereupon I the Generall leauing commandement of the great Ships with Sir Walter Raleigh because the Lord Thomas Howard desired to land with mee accompanied with his Lords Ship and all the other principall Officers and persons of qualitie in the Army I put my selfe in the smal Ships and towed the boats at our Sterns to seeke another smal Bay on the other side of the Point to the Eastward called Punta de Galera or Galy Point where there was a Land Fange and consequently a smoother landing But we putting off in this manner at eleuen of the clocke at night I the Generall in a Pinnace of Sir Walter Raleigh called the Guiana wherein all the Officers of the Land Army did accompany me the Aduenturers of quality that came out of my Ship in another Pinnace with Captain Arthur Champernon came to an anchor in this Bay but so dangerously as wee were put from our anchor and had like to haue beene cast away all the rest of the Fleet being put to leeward very farre The next morning at the breake of the day being driuen as low as Uilla Franca and there finding a good landing place wee set our troups on shoare where wee found besides many other commodities with which we refreshed our troupes a better watering place and a safer rode then any other that was about that Iland Which together with the impossibilitie of getting our small Ships and Boats to ply backe againe fiue leagues against the wind and to meet vs that should haue marched by land and they seeing of many of the Queens principal ships driuen from their anchors about and come to Villa Franca These accidents I say made vs to resolue to draw all the Fleet to one place and there to water with all possible diligence And wee being there saw it was so dangerous for our Ships to ride the wind growing more Southerly as on Sunday the fifteenth of October wee re-imbarked all our men the Masters of the Ships hauing before protested that if they were put from their anchors as hourely they looked to bee that the Fleet and Land Forces were in danger to be seuered for this whole Winter So as to haue hazarded her Maiesties honour and so many gallant men for that which was neuer any of our ends had beene as vnwise as it was vnsafe and if the counsell of retyring were good the manner of it was without taxation for wee imbarked first of all our idle persons secondly our aduenterours and the old Companies one after another and when wee had but three hundred and fiftie men on shore the enemy marching in sight of our Guards we went out to meet him and stood two houres readie to fight with the whole Forces of the Iland till at last they retired out of sight Thus left wee that Iland the principall Commanders by Land and Sea staying to bring off the last man In this meane time while the Land Forces were at Villa Franca and the Fleet at Punta Delgada there came into that Road a Carake and a small Brasil man The Carack presently ran her selfe on the Rocks and after her men had saued themselues the last set her on fire with all the goods in her to auoid her being taken Which Sir Walter Raleigh and those with him could not possibly auoid The Brasil man was taken and the Ship being found leakie the goods were taken out and put into English Ships And now wee haue giuen account of all our whole carriage vntill we bare for England If our comming home scattering be obiected wee must plead the violence of stormes against which no fore directions nor present industry can preuaile Wee must conclude with this That as wee would haue acknowledged that wee had done but our duties if we had defeated the Adelantado interpreted the Feet of Treasure and conquered the Ilands of the Açores So wee hauing failed of nothing that God gaue vs meanes to doe wee hoped her Maiestie will thinke our painfull dayes carefull nights euill diet and many hazards deserue not now to be measured by the euent the like honourable and iust construction wee promise our selues at the hands of all my Lords As for others that haue set warme at home and descant vpon vs wee know they lacked strength to performe more and beleeue they lacke courage to aduenture so much Signed ESSEX Thomas Howard Ch Mountioy Walter Raleigh Fran Vere Antony Sherley Christ Blunt §. II. A larger Relation of the said Iland Voyage written by Sir ARTHVR GORGES Knight collected in the Queenes Ship called the Wast Spite wherein he was then Captaine with Marine and Martiall Discourses added according to the Occurrences THese Iles of the Asores are situate in the Atlantike or Westerne Ocean and doe stand betweene 37. and 40. degrees and distant from England 400. leagues They are in number nine namely Saint Maries Saint Michaels The Tercera Gratiosa S. Georges Pykes Fayall Flores and Guerno This name of Asores was giuen vnto these Ilands by the Portugues of a kind of Hawkes called by them Asores which wee name Goshawkes and the Latines Accipitres whereof there did breed great store in those Iles But Ortellius sets downe this name to bee so giuen of the French word Essorer which signifieth to dry or wither but yeeldeth no reason withall for that Etimology The Netherlanders doe call them the Flemish Ilands challenging that they were first discouered by the Merchans of Bridges who found them meerely vn-inhabited abounding with Woods and Cedar Trees whether they sent Colonies to people and manure them And afterterwards in processe of time they yeelded themselues Subiects to the Portugues who since did inhabite and gouerne there so as now with them they are fallen vnder the power of the Spanish vsurpation Amongst these Ilands the Tercera is the chiefe but is so called by the Spaniards because it heth the third Iland distant from the Coast of Spaine It is plentifull of Fruit and Corne and hath some Vines growing in it The Inhabitants doe make great benefit and trade of Oade to dye Cloth which growes there in great plentie The chiefe Towne in that Iland is called Angra and hath thereunto a very strong Fortresse called Brazill and vnder it a Roade for shipping to ride but an Hauen or safe Port for all weathers there is not one amongst these nine Ilands The Pike is so called of a sharpe Mountaine rising steeple wise some three miles in heighe and six or
with as much sumptuousnesse as they could get brauing therein their conquered Foes and setting to the shew of the world the fruits of their Ualour and Trauailes Whereas wee for the most part contrariwise going out brauely and returning home againe beggarly leaue no other testimony nor records of our Enterprises and Victories either to the liuing or to posteritie then the Merchants bookes wherin we are deep plunged euen to the morgage or sale of our Inheritance to conuert the true honor of Souldery into effeminate pompe and delicacy But now to the matter We hauing in this Fort repaired and supplied the defects of our weather beaten Nauie onely attended the fauour of the winds wherein it seemed the heauens were vtter enemies to our designes For during the space of an whole moneth together after wee were againe readie the weather stood flat opposite to our course insomuch that wee were not able to worke our selues out of the Harbour And in this consumption of Time we lost the best season of the yeere for our purpose and also greatly decayed our victualls and prouisions besides the number of our Souldiers and Mariners that daily diminished And about this time the Lord Rich finding himselfe as many others did altogether vnable to indure the inconueniences of the Seas in a long and toilesome voyage tooke his leaue of our Generall and gaue ouer the iourney In this extreamitie of contrary windes and crosse fortunes against which the policie and power of man could not preuaile our Generall with the aduice of his counsell resolued vpon some other course and to fashion his enterprises according to opportunitie and the proportion of the meanes that remained And thereupon cashing the greatest part of his Land Armie hee onely retained one thousand of the best Souldiers as was thought most of them being Companies brought out of the Low-Countries And also at that time hee discharged diuers of the smaller Ships and many of the Victuallers taking out of them such prouisions and store as remained to supply that which was spent and to lengthen out the time for those lesser numbers that were to be imployed And whilest these things were thus altering and ordering and committed to the care and charge of discreet Officers Our Admirall himselfe with his Reare-Admirall resolued to ride post to the Court to receiue further directions or approbation in that he intended for her Maiestie and the Lords of the Councell Leauing the charge both of the Nauie and Souldiers in his absence with the Lord Thomas Howard his Vice-Admirall and the Lord Mountioy his Leiftenant Generall by Land whom hee authorised together with the Counsell of Warre to marshall those affaires as occasion required Here by it may be easily coniectured what it is for men to vndertake Sea-actions that haue not great meanes to follow the same with prouisions and allowance of superfluitie to meet with lets and misaduentures and not to depend on the bare ordinary prouisions of a set proportion For by this great crosse of ours wee may well take knowledge how vncertaine and difficult it is to set out and prepare a Sea Army except it bee on the purse and defraies of a Prince able and willing to supply the expences and hinderances of such wast and accidents as doe many times happen by want of windes when all things else are in readinesse wherein oftentimes the ouerslipping and not taking of six houres aduantage of winde when it hath serued hath ouerthrowne a Uoyage And it hath to my knowledge so fallen out that some Ships that haue taken a present gale of a day by the benefit thereof haue performed their Uoyage and returning againe into the Harbour finding others of their consorts bound for the same place and ready at the same time still sticking fast at ancor by leesing the same opportunitie In this absence of our Generall at the Court there fell out such extreame stormy weather as that it greatly troubled and puzled our Ships both in Plimouth Road and in the Cat Water insomuch that many of their ancors came home and a Ship of the Reare-Admiralls of three hundred Tunnes called the Roe-buck draue a ground and bulged her selfe and so became vnseruiceable for that iourney although much paines and care was taken of all hands and specially by our Vice-Admirall himselfe in his owne person to haue preserued her During all this time of our abode in Plimouth which was some six or seuen weekes we neither found eyther want or dearth of any manner of victualls either in the Towne where our Mariners were daily resident or in the Countrey where the Land Army was quartered nor yet that extreame manner of inhaunsing the prices of all things vsed in London and in other places of the Realme vpon the extraordinary assembling of any such great troupes And withall it is strange to see how happily that poore corner of England doth often receiue and sustaine so many Armies and Fleets as doe there many times meet without any of those inconueniences or alterations that vpon the like occasion are found in many other more rich and fruitfull parts of the Kingdome Our Generall as is aforesaid hauing spent now sixe or seuen dayes in that iourney to the Court returned with a resolution to continue the voyage to the Seas and there as intelligence fell out to follow the best courses in spending the rest of the Summer and the remainder of his victualls all sorts being very sorry that so great preparations should haue vtterly qâ—ailed without effecting or attempting something of worth Wee therefore now proposed to our selues that by tarrying out till the last of October for the which time we were victualled after the Land Army was discharged wee might range the Coast of Spaine and so doe seruice in some of the Kings shipping or else lying in the height betweene the Rocke and the South Cape wee might intercept some Indian Fleet or Carrackes either outwards or homeward s bound or at the least wee might meete and fight with the Adelantado who was then saide to bee preparing of a Fleet and ready to put to the Seas Besides there was a brute giuen out thaâ— our Generall meant to attempt the Groyne or Ferrall and there to distresse some of the Kings shipping that lay in the Harbour But whatsoeuer pretences and speeches were giuen out for that matter both our Generall and the wisest of his Counsell of Warre did well enough knowâ— that the Groyne or Ferrall were then no morsells fit for our mouthes our Forces being so abated and those places so well warned and prouided for by our long delayes and impediments besides there was no likelihood that wee would euer ingage so many of her Maiesties best Ships within the circuit and mercy of those Harbours vpon so great disaduantage and hazard as they must haue adâ—entured in doing any good on any of them as they were then furnished But wee daily see that it is
actions of seruice and in his times of chiefest recreations he would euer accept of his counsell and company before many others that thought themselues more in his fauour And as touching the Aduertisement that was sent into England from the Isles of Bayon by Master Robert Knolles in a Pinnace called the Guiana concerning vs that were forsaken and left alone vpon the breaking of our Maine yard whereupon was pretended that many great exploits should haue bin performed vpon the coast of Spaine if wee had not fallen from them as was vntruely suggested and reported his Lordship promised the reare Admirall then to send another aduertisement how we were all metagaine and had bin formerly seuered by misfortunes onely and not by any wilfull default in the reare Admirall as was doubted And that Aduertisement sent formerly by Master Knolles we well knew proceeded not out of any particular malice of the Generall to vs but onely to take that as a fit excuse to free himselfe from the enterprises of Ferall or the Groine which he had promised her Maiestie to vndertake but saw it impossible to performe by reason of the former crosses and our long stay in Plimmonth and therefore was glad to take the opportunity of any colour to satisfie her Maiestie and to discharge himselfe of that burthen which we did all perceiue and therefore did striue the lesse the publish our Apologies or to contest with a man of his place and credit which though in a right had bin but bootelesse and meere folly and therefore we left him to his best excuse and our apparant innocencie And for the more plaine manifesting of the Message I haue thought it not amisse here to insert the true copie of the Instructions verbatim that our Generall sent by Master Robert Knolles into England vpon these accidents before the Isles of Bayon That we weighing Ancor and setting saile from the sound of Plimmouth the seuenteenth of this moneth of August hauing sometimes calmes but for the most part Westerly and Northeasterly windes we fellon thursday the fiue and twenty of this moneth with the Land which is to the Eastward of the Cape Ortingall which land we made in the morning about ten of the clocke and stood in with the shoare till three in the afternoone Then finding the winde scant to ply to the Southward I stood all night into the Sea and the next morning in againe to the Land By which boords by reason of the head-sea and the bare winde we got nothing On Friday night I stood off againe to the Sea and about midnight the winde comming all Northerly we got a good slant to lye all along the coast on Saturday in the morning I discouered the Saint Andrew whom we had lost sight of two or three dayes before I bare with her and had no sooner got her vp but Sir Walter Rawleigh shot off a peece and gaue vs warning of his being in distresse I presently bare with him and found that he had broken his maine yard Whereupon I willed him to keepe along the coast that birth that he was till he got in the height of the North Cape and my selfe hauing a desperate leake broke out as euer ship swam withall which I was fame to lye by the lee and seele to stop it which how it held vs you can report and God be thanked that night we ouercame it and stopped it The next morning we all came to Cape Finister sauing the Saint Matthew who vpon breaking of her fore maste went home and the Wastspight with whom the Dreadnaught went without stop to the South Cape This is all that is hapned to me If her Maiestie aske you why there was no attempt vpon the Fleete at Teral you may say I neither had the Saint Matthew which was the principall ship for that execution nor the Saint Andrew till mine owne ship was almost sunke and I not able to make saile till Sir Walter Rawleigh with his owne ship the Dreadnaught and very neere twenty saile were gone Wee are now gone to lye for the Indian Fleete for by Spaniards wee haue taken wee finde the Adelantado is not put to Sea this yeere Of our successe her Maiestie shall from time to time be aduertised you shall acquaint Master Secretarie with this instruction and both to him and all our friends you must excuse our haste We being thus met all at Flores desired our Generall to giue vs and our consorts leaue to water there before we departed thence as his Lordship and the rest had done before which he yeelded vnto and very nobly lent vs his owne long Boate for our better speede willing vs there to water whilest he with the rest of the Fleete did ply vp and downe to looke out for the Adelantado or any Indian Fleete that being the very fit place and season for them Hereupon whilest our men and Mariners were prouiding to water our Reare-admirall with Sir William Brooke my selfe and diuers other Gentlemen went ashoare to stretch our legs in the Isle of Flores and to refresh our selues with such victuals as we could there get for our monie And at our first landing there we met with the Lord Gray Sir Gylly Merricke and other Gentlemen and wee altogether walked a mile or two into the Countrie and there dined in a little Village where the bare-legged Gouernour caused such things to be brought vnto vs for our monie as the Island afforded In other sort we tooke nothing which was very faire wars This Island seemes to be somewhat mountainous yet hauing very good store of Fruits Wheat and other Corne. Their Corne they doe all keepe in large hollow vaults within the earth hauing no other way nor entrance into them but by a round hole in the top of the vault onely so big as a man may creepe into it and when it is closed vp with a planke and ouerstrewed with earth is very hard to be found out by strangers for the which purpose they are so made and much like the Caues in Gascoyne and Languedocke and such as are mentioned by Caesar to be vsed in Affricke This Island lies more subiect to the inuasion of Sea-faring men then any of the rest for there all traders of the Indies doe vsually water and refresh themselues But here I must not forget to relate that before we had our leaue to water or were departed from the Generall a Counsell was called and holden for the taking in of some of the Islands and an orderly course set downe for the same which was in this sort concluded on The Admirall and Reare-admirall to vndertake Fayall the Lord Thomas Howard Vice-admirall and the Marshall Uere to vndertake Gratiosa The Lord Mountioye Lieutenant Generall and Sir Christopher Blunt Coronell Generall of the Foote to Saint Michaels and the Netherland Squadron was quartered to Pyke where the greatest store of Wines doe grow and therefore would not be taken in ill part of them as we presumed The
Generals cabbin after a faint welcome the Generall began to challenge him of breach of order and Articles To whom the Reare Admirall answered that he knew not of any such breach my Lord replied that there was an article that none should land any of the Troopes without the Generals presence or his order The Reare Admirall desired the Generall to giue him leaue to defend himselfe by those Lawes which himselfe as well as others had deuised and his Lordship with the Counsell of warre had authorised and that then his Lordship should finde that he had not committed any Errour at all For saith he there is an Article that no Captaine of any ship nor Captaine of any Company if he be seuered from the Fleete shall land any where without direction from the Generall or some other principall Commander vpon paine of death c. But I take my selfe said he to be a principall Commander vnder your Lordship and therefore not subiect to that Article nor vnder the power of the law Marshall because a successiue commander of the whole Fleete in her Maiesties Letters Patents your Lordship and my Lord Thomas Howard failing And besides your Lordship agreed that I should land at this Island with your Lordship whom I haue attendea these foure dayes and finding that your Lordship came not being in your way thitherwards halfe a dozen leagues before I waied anchor I could not but thinke that you thought me strong inough to take this Island and that your Lordship was gone with some of the rest to some of the other Islands And stated so long from landing at Sir Guillie Merrickes intreatie as I heard mine owne company euen at my backe murmur and say that I durst not aduenture it And to tell your Lordship a plaine truth my intent at first was onely to water vntill I saw them follow me in that brauing manner which with our reputations wee could not then shun and giue ouer being already in our Boates for that purpose For if I had intended the taking of the Towne I would neuer haue retired so farre off from our first Roade that lay right before it This dispute held some halfe houre and then the Generall went ashoare and rested himselfe in the Reare Admirals lodging being well enough satisfied at that time In so much as the Reare Admirall desired my Lord to â—up there and that if his Lordship ment to call the matter further in question he would claime no priuiledge nor fauour thereby but answer it in the morning To which Sir Christopher Blunt taking my Lords answere from him said that he thought my Lord would not sup at all But the Reare Admirall finding Sir Christopher Blunts disposition told him that when he â—â—uited him he might disable his owne appetite but if my Lord pleased to stay he would be very glad of his presence In this meane while my Lord Thomas Howard very nobly and kindely taking care that no wrong nor disgrace might be offered to the Reare Admirall by any deuise or practise of his Enemies dealt with the Generall to finde how hee stood resolued and the next morning assured the Reare Admiral that my Lord sought nothing but a due acknowledgement of an offence alleadging that the rest would thinke him a very weake and came Commander if he should receiue no manner of satisfaction The Reare Admirall hoping that hee had done nothing vniustifiable and well assured that he was successiuely in the Commission for the whole commandement of the Fleete and therefore not subiect to any corporall danger as also because he assured himselfe of the Vice Admirall his honorable loue and sincere dealing came againe in the morning to visite the Generall Otherwise remembring the little trust that men ought to repose in reconciled enemies and the strong malice borne him by others in greatest fauour with my Lord had ment to haue put himselfe into his owne Squadron and so to haue defended himselfe or left my Lord. But my Lord Thomas Howard perswading him to goe and satisfie the Generall vpon whose word onely he made that aduenture after he had giuen him his honour with great kindnesse and resolution that he would make himselfe a party if any wrong or violence were offered contrary to the Generals promise vnto him he did as the Vice Admirall aduised him And so all things after a little dispute came to a quiet end and conclusion And within a day or two after the Generall accompanied with the Vice Admirall and other Lords and Commanders dined aboord our ship where he was exceedingly intertained and contented Onely this I omitted that when the Generall committed Captaine Bret Berry and Sydney The Reare Admirall desired that those Gentlemen might receiue no hard measure in his cause for whatsoeuer his Lordship doth conceiue to haue bin misdone hee must take it wholly on himselfe to answere being at that time the Chiefe and Commander This I haue set downe in manner as I heard it then from men of good sort not being present thereat my selfe nor at that time able to waite on the Generall by reason of the shot through my legge which I had receiued but the day before in this thanklesse seruice Thus was the whole day spent in reprehending and disciplining vs for our paines And yet notwithstanding these aggrauators and chiefe Instigators of our Generall vouchsafed to take the benefit of our reproued Trauailes in lodging and refreshing themselues in this good Towne both this night and three or foure dayes after But in the same day that our Generall ariued about one of the clocke after midnight all the Portugalâ— and Spaniards in the high Fort with their bagge and baggage abandoned the place leauing behinde them six peeces of great Artillery mounted For when they saw the whole Fleete together and so many gallant Troopes land with our Generall their hearts fainted and so they fled into the Countrie and woddy Mountaines adioining Then in the morning when it was too late although as yet wee knew not so much direction was giuen to certaine troopes and companies to guard all the foot of the high Fort to stop and stay them from stealing from thence that were already gone for it was giuen out that if they did not presently surrender it the place should be assailed But when newes was brought that they had abandoned the Fort and carried all away then was there much descanting of the foule ouersight so to suffer the Birds to escape out of the Cage that might haue bin so surely kept if we had not bestowed more labour in disciplining and correcting our owne pretended faults for landing then discretion or diligence in prosecuting the Enemy whom we had at an aduantage For presently vpon their arriuall they did nothing but examine and discipline our offence Whereas if they had gone in hand with the Fort and cast a carefull eye thereunto we had not lost the ransoming of so many Spanish prisoners nor
being very good prises also made to the Generall a relation of forty sailes of Indian men whereof some eight were fraughted with the Kings Treasure that did dissenbarge with them from the Hauana bound for Spaine And as we after heard the Garland the Rainebow the Dreadnaught the Marigold and others fell amongst sixteene saile of the richest of this Indian Fleete whereof they foundred one and whilest they were busie in seeking to take the spoile of her as it was credibly reported all the rest did escape and recouer Tercera But of this I speake as the generall voice went and not vpon other assurance for they were then separated from vs and the rest of the Fleete And therefore I must adde this conclusion to desire that I may of the vnderstanding sort be pardoned if in these relations I cannot truely nor at large write the accidents and courses of all their ships in particular being no eye witnesse thereof nor possibly could so be For to doe that in a land army or in a battaile is very hard and much more in a Sea Uoyage consisting of so many ships sometimes separated Vpon intelligence of this escaping and passing by so vnluckily of these Indian Ships we were all much perplexed For by that chance and by our vnfortunate hast from Gratiosa but the very night before wee saw that Euen the wrath of destiny denied to make vs so happy as to bee masters of so great a fortune as then had fallen into our laps if wee had not still followed all those counsells that fell out to the worst Notwithstanding with all the speed wee could make we instantly followed after them to Tercera where they were entred some sixe houres before vs and had moored their Ships fast vnder the Towne and Fort being one of the strongest pieres of all Europe There wee might aloofe behold them safe within the Road which was a great Inlet inuironed with a high Land in manner of Peninsula so as the Shippes lay vnder the command of two strong Fortifications a place neither fit nor possible for our Ships to follow them except we had meant that they should haue there stuck fast for comming out againe Now was there a generall counsell called aboord the Admirall what course to take heerein and many great aduentures proposed and offered to bee attempted by some Coronels and Captaines with Boates and Pinnaces for the landing of men to force those places but all in vaine and altogether vnseasonable For whereas they with one thousand fiue hundred men offered to take both the Iland and Forts some others of the chiefest Sea-Commanders in their iudgements well knowing the great difficultie to Land men and Munitions on so disaduantagious a place and in so euill a season of the yeere besides the great strength of the Fortifications so well furnished at that time by this new arriuall were vtterly against it as a matter friuolous and of more apparant danger to our selues then to the Enemy and for it yeelded sundry reasons All which these Coronels seemed to account light or and would needs in great brauery still vrge the vndertaking of it if they might haue but the proportion of one thousand fiue hundred men before spoken of which the General himselfe seemed greatly to allow and insist vpon and therefore of necessitie to be yeelded vnto by the inferiour Commanders But our Vice-Admirall the Lord Thomas Howard finding indeed the marke whereat some of our great Captaines shot to wit that it would haue serued their turnes to haue vaunted that if the Vice-Admirall and Reare-Admirall had beene willing to this enterprise and not crossed it by counter counsells the Spanish Fleet and Treasure by mastering the Ilands of Tercera might haue been recouered his Lordship resolued either to tie them to their pretended resolutions or to make them see that they could not serue themselues of him by any such finenesse pretence And therfore told the general plainly that if indeed he would so willingly haue it attempted himselfe and the Reare-Admirall for their parts would be forward and readie to aduenture as farre as any others And moreouer the better to inable the action said that they would vndertake to find him three thousand strong and able men to spare out of the Fleet and yet leaue the Nauie sufficiently manned And therefore said they if your Lordship see no other reasons to let or hinder this offered attempt there shal be no want of so many men as we speake of which is double the number that was demanded But vpon this constant offer the matter was againe debated and grew somewhat colder being better digested So as in conclusion it was deemed inconuenient and impossible to be effected as our Forces and helpes and theirs at that time stood and the time of the yeere so farre spent and the winds and the Seas growne so tempestuous for landing in Boats But if this offer had not bin made then the relinquishing of these glorious motions and attempts had bin laid vpon the backwardnesse and disswasions of the Sea-men which was well enough perceiued and therefore accordingly answered These vnseasonable offers and Brauadoes puts me in mind of the like inconsiderate vnfortunate action of Sir R. Greenfield in the Reuenge who being Vice-Admirall to the same Lord Thomas Howard Admirall in a iourney to these Ilands in certaine of the Queenes Ships they fortuned to meet with a great Fleet of the King of Spaines neere to the I le of Flores consisting of so many huge and mighty Gallions as was no way fit for them to vndertake being in number and force three times as strong as ours was And therefore fâ—â—ter to be warily dealt withall then rashly aduentured vpon Wherefore the Admirall out of the due consideration and iudgement of the office and place hee held as also for that at his returne home hee was to giue a strict account of the charge committed vnto him thought it fit to keepe still aloofe and in the weather of this powerfull Nauie and so to fight with them at his best aduantage off and on as occasion serued or else to free himselfe from them if need required For his Ships being more nâ—mble yare and swift then the Spaniards it had bin a grosse errour to haue thrust himselfe wilfully in amongst them and so to giue them the aduantage of boording being high and mighty built Ships throughly manned and full of shot and the manner of fight by boording most aduantageous for those huge Gallions Besides being as they were all men of Warre and thrice as many as the English and no other benefit to bee got by boording them but blowes and the hazard of battaile which is vncertaine victory it behooued him aduisedly to carry himselfe and rather to follow the heedy steps of a Fabius Maximus then the â—eadie fury of a Terentius Varro But his Vice-Admirall being indeed a man very wilfull and violent in his courses could in no wise
be perswaded to follow his Admirall and his consorts But thrusting himselfe rashly in amongst the Spaniards those mighty Vessels being a Sea-boord and some of them getting into the weather of him so becalmed all his sayles as that hee could not vse the benefit of working vpon a wind to his best aduantage nor free himselfe of them when hee would but was clapt aboord by two or three of them where to redeeme his errour seeing hee had brought himselfe so vndiscreetly into a desperate worke he very resolutely fought and made long resistance to the great annoyance and lesse of the Assaylants But in the end being shaken and beaten to sitters with their great Ordnance and oppressed with the multitude of them comming in fresh vpon him was by mayne force mastered and yet disdaining to yeeld for that hee had receiued his deaths wound in the fight sought by all meanes to haue blowne vp his Ship by setting fire on his owne Powder 〈…〉 e and therewithall to haue destroyed as many of the Spaniards as lay aboord him but by the care of his Captaine whose name was Laughorne was withstood and preuented Aright antient Roman resolution but somewhat too much varying from the true Christian Religion to draw a violent and sudden death on so many soules for the better gracing of his particular errour And in this sort by his owne wilfulnesse brought he one of the Royall Nauie into the power and possession of the Spaniards which during all the Warres neuer before nor after they could obtaine And a faire grace of God it was that his fond example had not inticed more of them at the same time to the like folly and ruine Now the best that hee could hope for was after the exchanging of some great shot with them to haue come of againe if hee could A brauery to small purpose for to subdue them was not in the power of all the English if they had beene as many more in all likelihood and reason Vpon which grounds wise Commanders ought to build their resolutions before they put themselues to the hazard of battaile Besides in truth it was a very insolent and disorderly part for a Vice-Admirall being a man of his yeeres and experience so wilfully without cause against all discretion to vary from his Admiralls course and from the opinion of all his Consorts onely to bid himselfe voluntarily to so foolish and bitter a banquet wherein hee could be but lost And hard would it be for Generalls and Chiefe Commanders to fulfill their Instructions or satisfie that which is expected at their hands if they should be drawne on or ingage themselues by the vaine example of euery one that is carryed with a headdy humour to follow his owne wilfull conceit For so was that noble Paulus Aemilius and the Roman Armie with him lost at the Battaâ—le of Cannas in being constrained to second the foolish brauery of Varro his rash Colleague And in the like vnaduised desperate sort did that valiant Duke of Yorke Richard Plantagenet Father to Edward the Fourth wilfully cast away himselfe when with fiue thousand men onely contrary to the perswasiens and counsell of all his friends out of the pride of his brauery hee would needs sally out of his Castle of Sandall and giue battaile to the Queenes Army that was twenty thousand strong whereby his weake forces were quickely defeated at Wakefield and himselfe slaine with his young sonne the Earle of Rutland It is said to bee the dutie of a great Captaine to seeke victory with as little losse to himselfe as may bee and more military discipline shewed in making a faire and safe retrait then in giuing a furious and desperate charge The experience whereof was well seene in that gallant Souldier Sir Iohn Noâ—â—is who wan as much Honour and Fame by that braue and well ordered retrait which hee 〈◊〉 beforâ— Gaunt as in any one piece of seruice that euer hee did We had also fresh in our memories a Sea experiment of the very like tragicall successe of Sir Richard Greenfield in the like rash attempt of Peter de Strosse Admiral of a French Fleet against a mightie Spanish Nauy commanded by the Marquesse of Sancta Cruce at these Ilands Where this Strosse out of a wilfull brauery contrary to the better aduice of all his Captaines and Masters hauing alreadie landed many braue troupes of Frenchmen in the Ilands as assistant to Don Anthonio named King of Portugall vpon the first view would needes lay the Marquesse and the Spanish Fleet aboord being compassed of mightie huge Gallions and the French but slender nimble Ships By which vnequall match and foolish daring he was beaten downe 〈…〉 ght all his Nauie destroyed sauing the Count Brysack and a few others of better iudgement that would not follow his vaine course and himselfe being taken prisoner was aliue most despitefully torne and drawne asunder with two Ships Thus lost he himselfe and his honour brought many gallant Gentlemen and Soâ—â—diers to a butcherly execution and vtterly thrust Don Anthonio from the possession of the Iles of Asores and confounded all those braue French troupes which a little before he had placed in them But in another manner and with better successe were our affaires gouerned in the yeere 88. when that mightie Fleet of Spaine which they termed inuincible came to inuade vs. For then I remember amongst other good discipline and instructions for the Sea fight it was straitly ordained that none of our Ships should voluntarily if they could by any meanes auoid it lay any Spaniards aboord but alwayes to sight with them vpon aduantage and indeauour by all meanes to keepe into the weather of them and so leaue or take as occasion serued they comming to inuade and our end only to keep them from landing The which direction was so well ebserued as that this inuincible Fleet for all their force and powerfull appearance proued at last inuisible left many of their Ancors and good Ships behind them got not nor sunke any one of ours but being sore gauled and beaten with this manner of fight and greatly affrighted with fire and such like stratagems were at last glad to packe away as fast as they could out rt the backe doore I meane by the North Seas round about Scotland and Ireland wherein they found a miserable and tedious flight neuer hauing gotten so much as a dish of our fresh water nor euer landed one man except prisoners vpon our Coast. Now if our Admirall the Lord Charles Howard had beene a wilfull Commander standing vpon those vaine glorious termes of boording and assaulting the enemy and not haue proceeded by counsell and policie temperately then had he done that which the Spaniards expected and desired their Ships being fit for the purpose and comming to boording and handy fight might very well haue distressed vs and so haue hazarded both the Nauie and the Kingdome together But this noble Lord as hee
Prouince in America 1560 Acuti a beast of Brasile like a Coney 1301 Adams Tree in Brasile 1310 L. Admirall of England his deserued commendations 1962 Adultely how punished by the Indians 1159. by the Aethiopians 1234. by the Guianians 1272 Aquacay a Prouince in Florida 1553 Aquatorke a place situate in the Coast of China on the North 1433 Age reuerenced among the Sauages 1333 Ague a speciall medicine for the same 1311 Aio an Iland in Orenoco 1248 Aire causing swelling in the legges 1222 Alaqua a riuer in Brasile the depth thereof and how passed 1239 Alimama a Town in Florida 1545 Allcatrace a rauenous Sea-fowle described 1376 Alegranca one of the most northerly Ilands of the Canaries 1155. the inhabitants and commodities therof 1267 St. Alexio an Iland described 1238 Alexandro Vrsino his relations of Terra Firma and Peru 1418 c. Alexander viz. Sir William Alexander Knight his patent for the Plantation of Noua Scotia 1871 Alfonso Gabrero his comming to the riuer of Plate 1350 Algernoone-Fort in Virginia kept by Captaine Dauies 1748 All Nesico a tree in Brasil very precious and rich good against bruises 1239 Allen the Cardinall promiseth the Crowne of England to the Duke of Parma 1907 Alo a kinde of drinke vsed by the Spaniards in the West Indies like Braggat made of hot spices 1174 Altamaca-towne 1536 Aluarez Nunnez made Generall of the Spaniards in Brasile his memorable explâ—â—ts c. 1356 sequ His ship-wracke land-trauell and famine ibid. His disrespect among his souldiers 1357. sedition among his men 1359. His dissembled sicknesse and trecherous cruelty toward the Indians 1360. Hee is captiuated and sent into Spaine and the dissention ensuing ibid. Vide Nunnez Amaie a towne in Florida 1553 Amam Buquano two Ilands in Brasile 1241 Amapajo Riuer 1248 Amana Riuer 1247 Amariocapana vallies and the inhabitants thereof 1248 Amazons country 1559 1218. The names of all the Riuers and Nations betweene it and the Brabisses 1286. The description of their nature country customes and commodities at large 1287 Amazon women their fashions and countrie 1358. Vide Women Amber how called by the Indians 1241 Ambergreece where found 1224 1237 1240 1313 1377 1796 Ambition among Sauages 1212 Ambroa a beast in Aethiopia 1233 Ambush of the Caribes 1256 Amecaxo Indians of Brasâ—le 1310 Amiebas-towne in the riuer Marwin 1283 America 1223. How diuided betweene the Sp 〈…〉 ds and Portingals 1435. The strife about it 1437 Americaes strange beasts plants c 1325 1326. sequ Strange Birds 1329 1330. Bees and Butterflies ibid. The enuy of the Americans 1330. Americaes medicinable plants and venemous 1330. With leaues of incredible bignesse 1332. The cause of their warres 1333. Their irreconciliation with their aduersaries ibid. Their assemblies weapons skill archery stratagems their clamorous fiercenesse captines 1335 1336. vid. Indians and Brasilians Anato a berry or cod wherewith the Indians paint 1251 Anapermia a riuer how situate 1247 Anaquia sauages so called 1299 Ancica a place in Affrica 1234 The inhabitants thereof the stubbornest vnder the Sunne most blacke of any their religion concubines countrie and commodities they are right vnder the line 1237 Anebas a place in the Indies 1248. certaine Moores so called 1250 Angola a place in Aethiopia 1212 The inhabitants markets lawes King pompe rites of obeysance controuersies c. 1233. Their Religion ibid. Description of the Country their slauery to the Portingals their coloured cloathes greatest disgrace their feeding lodging 1233 1234. their manner of taking Elephants their cole-blacke colour stature punishment of adultery circumcision how easily their country may bee taken from the Portingals 1234. yeerly shipped from it 28000 slaues 1243 Anhelim Sauages in the Maine of Brasile 1299 Anchors that are vnserniceable how mended without iron 1390 Angra the chiefe towne of Tercera one of the Azores the description and fortification thereof 1668 1143 Anima a bird in Brasile that hath on his beake a medicinable horne 1306 Anneda a tree very soueraigne against the scuruy 1625 Annes Hill the situation of it 1242 S. Annes Iland 1379 Anoixi a Towne in Florida the inhabitants whereof were taken by the Spaniards 1550 Ant-Beare a beast with a nose of a yard long deceiuing Ants with putting forth his tongue 1214. It is also called Tamandros 1216 1301 Ante a place in Florida the commodities thereof 1503 1504 Anteperistase and the effects thereof 1627 S. Anthonie a garison towne of the Spaniards in Florida 1182 Sr. Antony Ralife forced to returne for England 1941 St Antonio a Riuer 1223. the description commodities c. 1239 Antis a Prouince neere Peru whose inhabitants worshipped Tygres and great Snakes of 25 and 30 foot long and harmlesse 1457 Apalachen a place supposed very well stored with gold in Florida 1501 The chiefe towne thereof described their manner of building and fortification their commodities of beasts fowles and plants a geographical description of their countrie their assault of the Spaniards c. 1502 1503 Apamatica a country in Uirginia 1688 Apamatucke-riuer 1692 Apanawaspek a great riuer in Mawooshen lying West and by South of Ramassoc 1874 Apanmenseck a great riuer in Mawooshen ibid. Apes with beards and mustachoes 1243 Apetupa certaine Indians so called 1299 Apigapigtanga certaine sauages so called in Brasile 1298 Aponig a great riuer not far from Aponik 1874 Aponik a great riuer in Mawooshen ibid. Appisham a towne on the riuer Aponik ibid. Apples of America 1332 Apples at Angola and Auanas pleasant and wholesome but eating iron like Aqua-fortis 1243. Apples in Guiana causing sleepe to death 1276 Aquirini Indians 1299 Aquiguira-Brasilians 1299 Aquixo a great Lord in Florida 1546 Aracawa Riuer 1251. The commodities and inhabitants thereabout 1251 1263 Aracuaiati certaine Indian sauages 1299 Araomi an Iland in Orenoco 1248 Ararape certaine Brasilian inhabitants 1298 Arawagatos certaine Indians neere Orenoco 1248 Arbadaos-Indians their hungry life 1517 Archers very expert and strong 1503. Archers that kill birds flying fishes swimming beasts running 1771 Archers-hope a point of land in Virginia so called 1688. Archers relation of a Fleet sent to Virginia 1733 1734 Arecias certaine clifts in Brasile so called 1238 Capt. Argals voyage and successe 1758 seq His relation of his acts in Virginia anno 1613. his getting store of corne for the plantation 1764 1765. His taking prisoner Powhatons daughter and freeing Englishmen 1765. his returne ibid. His valour in displating the FreÌ„ch 1768 1808 Armada furnished against the English in the West Indies their fight 1398 seq An armada prepared against the Lord Howard Admirall of her Maiesties fleet at the Azores 1144 Arrow running in at the mouth of a man and comming out at his poale yet the man saued 1206. Arrowes fiue or sixe in one body escaping ibid. One and twenty arrowes in one man that liued after 4 houres 1219. A hundred arrowes in two men before they fell 1256. Arrowes of Indians that runne through a Target Pistoll proofe 1688 Arrowhotacks certaine Indians
voyage 1383 His comming to the Straits of Magellane 1384. the danger of his ship vpon a rocke there 1388. their strange deliuerance againe from shipwracke 1389. His comming into the Straits of Magellane 1391. His taking fiue ships 1393. His fighting with the Spanish Armada his dangerous wounds 1403 1404 1405 1406 The successe and accidents of this fight at large ibid. 1407 1408. His surrendring the Ship 1410. His courteous vsage by the Spanish General 1413. et seq Imprisonment c. 1415. his respect with the Spaniards 1417 Hauana where situate 124â— 1501 Hay a beast in Brasile feeding on ayre and leaues of trees 1243 Head-ache cured by a leafe 1276 Herbes very medicinable in Brasile their names and qualities 1310 et seq Herbes good against the poyson of Snakes against the stone but hurtfull to feuers others good for feuers with leaues of a faddome long for vlcers and the Poxe for the stone and liuer ibid. Good herbes against the ague for a purge for the bloody-fluxe for poyson for feuers for the wormes for a womanish fluxe for wounds for old sores for the cough and rheumes for the scabs for abortion 1311. An herbe that openeth or shutteth with the Sunne that is sensible that hath no smell 1312 Herbe that seemeth to haue the sense of feeling 1174 Heardsmen of Port-Ricco their thankefulnesse to Master Chalons for giuing them a poore Frier 1833 Heauen refused by some Indians and why 1574 Heauen angry with the English polices 1942 St. Helena a Spanish garison towns in Florida 1182 1200 Henrico a towne in Virginia the description and situation thereof 1767 Henry Earle of Northumberland murthereth himselfe being committed for treason 1893 Highney a realme in Hispanicla the Queen and inhabitants burnt hanged torne in pieces or otherwise tortured by the Spaniards 1572 Andrew Hilliard his strange and miraculous preseruation from famishing 1802. His sustenance for eleuen dayes on his flesh and a spoonfull or two of water with a littleblood ibid. et 1803 Hills-hap a place so named in the North part of Virginia 1646 Three Hils markes of Nauigators on the coast of Brasile called by the Indians Aquare Wason Remitum 1238 Hills worshipped by some Indians 1459 A strange Hill in Saint Michael an Iland of the Azores wanting fire and the Ayre cold yet hauing hot fountaines neere it 1243. A smoakie fiery Hill in Fuego 1371 Hirara a beast in Brafile like a Ciuet-Cat that eateth nothing but honey 1302 Hispania Noua described the inhabitants riches and commodities thereof 1432 1433. Discoueries of divers Provinces thereabout with their names 1556 1557. seq The time when first it was begunne to be inhabited by the Spaniards 1577. The fertilitie thereof ibid. The cruelty committed by them on the poore Indians 1577 Hispaniola described 1146. Inhabited onely by Spaniards without one naturall 1419. The number of inhabitants consumed by the drowning roasting paunching strangling and other vnknowne butchering of the Spaniards 1570. seq Hispaniola hath twenty fiue thousand Rivers plenteous with gold the Realmes thereof 1571 1572. The innocencie of the Inhabitants and vndeserved Spanish tortures 1572 Hobbamoqui a Power worshipped of the Indians of New-England the same which wee call Divell 1867. His illusion wherewith hee deceiveth that blind and superstitious people 1867 1868. His appearing to the Indians in sundry shapes but vsually in the forme of a Snake ibid. Captaine Hobson his voyage being directed by two Indians the treacherie of his Indians and his returne with the losse of the whole adventure 1828 1829 Hollanders trade in Hudsons River 1830. Their yearely revenues by the commodities of fishing the number of their fishing boats their industrie in providing Ships 1837 Hollanders and Spaniards enmitie each to the other is implacable 1951 Honduras a Bay 1147 Honestie of certaine Indians in restoring such things as they found in the woods 1850 Honey aboundance thereof in certaine Trees 1363 Honour preferred before life 1944 Stephen Hopkins a factious fellow condemned yet pardoned for mutiny in Bermudas 1744 Horrura a mountaine 1285 Horses cast ouer-boord 1910 Horses all trotters 1171 Horses shooed with gold 1490 Horses eaten 1504 Io. Hortops relation of adventures 1178 Hospitalitie of the Indians to travellers 1869 Hospitalitie among Savages 1188 1209 Hot-countries agree not with idelers 1370 Houses of two Bow-shot in length 1188. Houses on tops of trees 1285. Houses without roofes in Regions without Raine 1420. Houses of great men how distinguished from those of inferiour ranke among the Florida-Americans 1536 Houses of the Savages in New-England the manner of their building and description of their houshold stuffe 1846 Lord Howard Admirall of her Maiesties Fleet to surprise the Indian Fleet 1144. His valorous conflicts with the Spanish Armada 1905 Huamachucu Indians neere Peru that worship party-coloured stones and sacrifice mans flesh conquered and reformed by the Emperour of Peru 1471 Hunapampa Indians that goe naked worshipping birds beasts or plants 1478 Huana Cupac sometimes an Emperour in Peru his worth valour conquest enlargement of his Dominions his subdued nations clemencie courtesie to women 1480 1481. Further conquests and acts his dâ—screet coniecture of a power supremer then the Sunne 1481. His feare will and prophesie of the Spanish invasion his death 1482 1483 Hubates a well-peopled Province 1562 Hugo de Moncada slaine by the English in the narrow seas 1908 An Hulke with nine tunne of gold 1223. Threescore Hulkes laden with provision for Spaine taken by the English 1924 Humanitie among Savages of Florida to the distressed Spaniards 1507 Hungry fare of the Savages inhabiting New-England 1852 Hunt a worthlesse fellow of the English Nation his cruelty and treacherous vsage of the Savages to the great disadvantage of many of our countrey-men 1828 Hunting how handsomely performed by the Indians in Florida 1521 Hunting the wylde Boare how atchieued by the English at the Bermudas 174â— Huntly wasteth the enimies in the Portugall voyage 1918 I. SAint Iago a towne taken by Sir Francis Drake and other English 1181. The fruits fortification commodities and inhabitants thereof 1371 1529 Iaguacini beasts that are killed by their sleepinesse 1303 Iacos Indians their desire of Religion 1251 Iamaica the situation and description thereof 1147 1185 1419. possessed by the Spaniards out of which were slaughtered by them sixe hundred thousand guiltlesse soules without faith or Sacraments 1573 S. Iames Ilands 1379. The commodities thereof ibid. Iames town in Virginia how situate 1692. The first founding thereof 1707. The burning and repairing thereof 1710 1711. The abandoning and re-assuming thereof by the English 1732. The description situation fortification temple building and vnhealthinesse thereof 1752 1753 Iangathus things made of Canes and tyed together with â—â—thsâ— in stead of boats 1213 Iaquerequere a towne neere Saint Sebastian 1211 1212. The Inhabitants thereof 1300 Iaquereasick an American River 1223. In what manner nauigable 1239 Iaquetyua a Tree growing in the mountaines in America 1214 Iaques Carters nauigations to New-found-land Bird-Iland 1605
Indians neere the River Wyapoco their nature and description 1263 Yaguiana a towne in Hispaniola 1186 Capt. Yerdly Deputy Governour in Virginia 1773. His acts and exploits there ibid. 1774 Yerua viua an hearbe that is senssble and shrinkes at any mans touch not resprouting till his departure 1174 Youghtanund inhabitants of Virginia 16â—2 Youwalprenay a towne of the Caribes 1285 Ytara an America Floridan town 1533 Ytaua a towne in Florida 1541 Yupaha an Indian country in Florida ruled by a woman her great town commodities and abundance of gold 1535 Yupanqui an Emperour of Peru before the Spanish conquest his difficult attempts 1474. He subdued the Chunchus and so extended his Empire ibid. 1475. His assault of the Chirihuana a Savage Nation and successe his proceeding to conquer Chili 1475 his miraculous Fort and buildings other acts and death 1477 1478 Yuia Pari a River in America thâ— inhabitants thereabout tortured by the Spaniards 1587 Z. ZAcheo a place so called 1186 Zapatula a place of New-Spaine 1558 Zemie an Indian Nation neere the Riuer of Plate 1363 Zemais Saluaisco Indians so called in the River Paâ—ana their description 1350 1351 Zumpanga a towne of Indians 1418 FINIS Leuit. 13. First voyage 1586. The Spanish King had imbargued all English ships in his Ports of Spaine and Portugall 1585. whence warres were not only expected at home but euery where honorably sought and happily preuented See Hak. tom 3. Sierra Leona Abraham Cock Andrew Battell was one of his companie See of this voyage Tem. 1. l. 7. 6. 3. Iohn Drake Fenton and Wards expedition See Hak. l. 3. I had it also written Baya Bold courage Hulks disaster The Earle in Sluce 88. seruice Second voyage 1588. Hare taken Third voyage 1589. The League then was enemy to Queene Elizabeth Iew of Lisbone The Azores foure Ships taken A monstrous Fish See Linscbot c. 96. A prize of Port Ricco Guinâ—ee Ship taken Fyall taken The spoile Ship of Saint Malo Captaine Lysters valorous attempt His audacious enterprise and rash endangering the râ—st American ships taken Captaine Lyster drowned Miserable distresse for want of drink Salt deadly draught The Earles equitie and courage Ventre Hauen in Ireland The Countesse of Dorset borne Ian. 31. 1589. The fourth Voyage 1591. Ship of Saint Thome taken Chance of warre Takers taken Aduise Sir R. Greenuile Fifth Voyage 1592. Ill beginnings His râ—â—urne and Captayne Norton substituted Argosie taken Flores courtesie Santa Cruce a Carrike Sir I Burrough Sea-custome of sharing Portugals fire their Carrike Auri sacra faâ—â—s Towne taken Made de Dios a great Carrik The fight Queenes ships danger Carrike entred Fight and Engglish Victorie Danger by fire Contention about the bootie In M. Hak. his second Tome this Carrikes purchase is attributed principally to Sir I. Burgh there may the Reader also see her dimensions goods c. I haue here followed that Relation which I found and leaue free iudgement to the Reader My copie also argueth my Lords case which I ha 〈…〉 itted Sixt voyage 1593. Two French ships very rich taken Scout taken His sicknesse and returne The seuenth Voyage 1593. Pearl-fishings Rancheria assauâ—â—ed and taken Aruba and Corresao R. de Hache Strange watering Estanchas or Stantias Beefe how kept there Ri. Marracaua Cap. Raymund Iamaica Bay of Honduras Porto Cauallo The fight Ships fired The eight Voyages 1594. The great Carriks called Fiue wounds Borded Carraks fired English Ships in danger Pittifull distresse of the Carrike The impediments of taking the Carrike Another Carrike The ninth voyage 1595. The Dragon a fortunate ship to the East Indian Societie surprised vnluckily by the Dutch see Hoâ—es relation To. 1. l. 5. An. 1595. Fight Tenth voyage 1596. Eleuenth voyage Godwine sands Sea fight The twelfth voyage Names of the ships and their Captaines employed in the twelfth voyage 1596. His purpose frustrated Defect in the mayne Mast. The Burlings Penechia Biscainers good fighters Ship of Hamburg taken Intelligence from Lisbone Fiue Carraks and twentie fiue ships New intelligence Another attempt No hope that way He comes to the Canaries Rich Marquesse Poore performance of rich promisers He lands his Souldiers Sir Iohn Barkley Towne and Castle takers Poore purchase and yet too rich The Earles honorable care and wise prouision Caruell stollen forth by English captiues Danger of late going forth for the Cape of Good Hope Old Portugall Pilots Rash aduisers The Earles mâ—â—ture and discâ—eet intendments His speech His purposes and probabilities They proceed They arriue at Dominica Las Virgines My Lords speech Basenesse of theft Sir Francis Drake They arriue at the Iland Euill surmiseâ— His search Obiections The Earles answere They land the fixt of Iune Negros misleading A Bridge * I haue since heard that his name was Doctor Layfield Anâ— 1596. Aug. Worthy act of a worthy man The Burlingâ—s or Berlinga The Câ—nariâ— Ilands They take the chiefe Towne of Lâ—â—â—erota The Casâ—le taken The Towne described Inhabitants The Iland of Lançeroâ—a Beasts One haruest done before the middest of Aprill The Church Pike of Teneriffe Riches thereof Captain Leighs voiâ—ge to Orenoque Sunne in their Zeniâ—h The Crosier Gusts Vnwholsoâ—e raine Colour of the Sea black Matinino D 〈…〉 Naked Ind 〈…〉 Their Canoas The people described Red painting Their Oares A hot Bathe The Virgines Description of Dominica A Town found in Dominica Wilde Maiesty Adultery punished with death Difference of maide wife Common diet roome Kings state Desire to learn English They come to the Virgines My Lords land companies about one thousand The speech you haue before in his own relation and therefore here omitted See before the names of the Captaines and Commanders here omitted Sir Fr. Drake The Virgines described Bird-Iland Incredible store of Birds They land vpon the I le of Saint Iohn de Puerto rico the siâ—t of Iuâ—â— Negros misguiding Bad March Bridge and Barricado Sir Iohn Barkeleys honourable ambition The fight betwâ—â—t the Englâ—sh and Spaniards The Earles accidentall danger Valiantassaults at the gates Sir I. Barkleys courage His Lordships perill The tide hindereth them His Lordship goeth aboord His returne and second Stratagem Good successe thereof Ship lost The red Fort called Mata-diabolo Spaniards beaten The English take the Fort. Another Fort quitted They enter the lesse Iland and march to the Towne The Towne quitted of all people able to beare armes and entred by the English The Fort summoned The Gouernors brauado Care to saue mens liues Sir Nicholas Clifford His Lordships iustice Souldier disarmed for vnmanly and vnmannerly vsage to a woman Churches and Women secured Rauisher executed Sacriledgâ— terrified Raines Parley demanded Conditions demanded Articles offered Spaniards yeeld the Fort. The Fort Mora wherein were 400. Souldiers deliuered vp to the English The description of the citie of Saint Iohn de Puerto Rico. Fresh aire Heat how ordered Great dewes Greatnesse Cathedrall Church described No glasse windowes The doores c. Quire in the lowest part of the Church Chappels The