Selected quad for the lemma: lord_n

Word A	Word B	Word C	Word D	Occurrence	Frequency Band	MI	MI Band	Prominent
lord_n	earl_n	heir_n	son_n	26,491	5	5.6823	4	false

Text snippets containing the quad

ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A93553	A treatise of gavelkind, both name and thing. Shewing the true etymologie and derivation of the one, the nature, antiquity, and original of the other. With sundry emergent observations, both pleasant and profitable to be known of Kentish-men and others, especially such as are studious, either of the ancient custome, or the common law of this kingdome. By (a well-willer to both) William Somner.	Somner, William, 1598-1669.	1659 (1659)	Wing S4668; Thomason E1005_1; ESTC R207857	133,861	236

history_n ●ol_n 38._o verstegan_n in_o his_o antiquity_n pag._n ●7_n archbishop_n parker_n in_o his_o antiquitates_fw-la britannicae_n pag._n 108._o and_o mr._n lambard_n in_o his_o glossary_n verb._n terra_fw-la ex_fw-la scripto_fw-la though_o afterward_o in_o his_o perambulation_n pag._n 545._o he_o be_v find_v to_o cross_v himself_o herein_o by_o say_v that_o this_o custom_n be_v bring_v hither_o out_o of_o normandy_n by_o odo_n the_o conqueror_n brother_n now_o it_o be_v true_a and_o not_o to_o be_v deny_v that_o by_o these_o law_n of_o canutus_n inheritance_n be_v partible_a but_o how_o it_o may_v be_v equal_o like_o our_o gavelkynd_n but_o it_o be_v not_o so_o express_v nor_o do_v the_o word_n enforce_v it_o it_o be_v order_v there_o indeed_o that_o a_o partition_n of_o the_o estate_n be_v make_v in_o the_o one_o between_z or_o among_o the_o wife_n child_n and_o next_o of_o kin_n by_o the_o lord_n in_o the_o other_o by_o the_o heir_n among_o themselves_o in_o both_o not_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d emne_a or_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d i._n e._n equal_o but_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d in_o the_o former_a more_o explicit_o thus_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d etc._n etc._n i._n e._n according_a to_o the_o old_a version_n in_o brampton_n unicuique_fw-la secundùm_fw-la modum_fw-la qui_fw-la ad_fw-la eum_fw-la pertinet_fw-la here_o be_v now_o no_o equal_a division_n speak_v of_o no_o equal_v the_o young_a with_o the_o elder_a brethren_n or_o the_o like_a but_o the_o estate_n be_v to_o be_v shift_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d i._n e._n according_a to_o right_n just_o or_o if_o you_o will_v after_o the_o old_a version_n of_o the_o latter_a law_n in_o brampton_n be_v the_o same_o verbatim_o with_o that_o in_o mr._n lambard_n a._n elsewhere_o rectè_fw-la every_o one_o to_o have_v his_o due_a haply_o after_o a_o geometrical_a not_o arithmetical_a proportion_n again_o not_o by_o equal_a proportion_n in_o point_n of_o good_n at_o least_o for_o each_o be_v to_o partake_v thereof_o as_o in_o the_o gavelkynd_n partition_n 49._o in_o ireland_n each_o one_o a_o part_n according_a to_o their_o quality_n degree_n or_o desert_n prorata_fw-la happy_o their_o reasonable_a part_n whence_o indeed_o some_o do_v fetch_v and_o ground_n a_o writ_n we_o have_v among_o we_o call_v rationabili_fw-la parte_fw-la bonorum_fw-la concern_v which_o there_o be_v a_o question_n in_o our_o book_n whether_o it_o lie_v by_o the_o common_a law_n or_o by_o the_o custom_n only_o of_o some_o 18._o country_n and_o who_o footstep_n may_v be_v trace_v in_o venerable_a bede_n english_a saxon_n ecclesiastical_a history_n lib._n 5._o cap._n 13._o but_o of_o this_o matter_n more_o anon_o at_o the_o close_a or_o foot_n of_o this_o proposition_n or_o again_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d i._n e._n juxta_fw-la arbitrium_fw-la boni_fw-la viri_fw-la as_o the_o civilian_n in_o like_a case_n use_v to_o speak_v or_o pro_fw-la arbitrio_fw-la domini_fw-la as_o it_o be_v in_o the_o former_a of_o those_o law_n be_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d i._n e._n judicio_fw-la svo_fw-la who_o place_n by_o provision_n of_o succeed_a time_n both_o here_o and_o in_o scotland_n be_v supply_v by_o the_o 30._o ordinary_a first_o joint_o with_o the_o decease_v friend_n afterward_o without_o they_o and_o alone_o as_o haply_o more_o to_o be_v confide_v in_o because_o by_o common_a intendment_n as_o more_o know_v so_o more_o careful_a to_o deal_v upright_o though_o it_o be_v utter_o unknown_a or_o uncertain_a when_o this_o trust_n begin_v by_o write_a law_n to_o be_v commit_v to_o the_o ordinary_a if_o i_o may_v guess_v about_o what_o time_n that_o provision_n be_v make_v for_o the_o like_a in_o 21._o normandy_n whereof_o in_o matth._n paris_n history_n anno_fw-la 1190._o pag._n 161._o edit_n ult_n or_o else_o to_o proceed_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d according_a to_o right_n i._n e._n custom_n or_o right_a as_o it_o be_v order_v and_o direct_v or_o temper_v by_o the_o usage_n of_o several_a place_n for_o utinam_fw-la quaelibet_fw-la provinvincia_fw-la abundat_fw-la svo_fw-la sensu_fw-la apposite_z and_o pertinent_a to_o this_o purpose_n be_v that_o observation_n of_o a_o late_a compendious_a 1._o historian_n of_o our_o own_o upon_o occasion_n of_o the_o confessor_n collection_n and_o compilement_n of_o as_o it_o be_v a_o codex_fw-la legum_n whither_o we_o may_v refer_v the_o original_n of_o magna_fw-la charta_fw-la a_o standard-law_n to_o be_v currant_n over_o all_o the_o kingdom_n before_o these_o collection_n say_v he_o of_o the_o confessor_n there_o be_v no_o universal_a law_n of_o the_o kingdom_n but_o every_o several_a province_n hold_v their_o several_a custom_n all_o the_o inhabitant_n from_o humber_n to_o scotland_n use_v the_o danique_a law_n merchenland_n the_o middle_a part_n of_o the_o country_n and_o the_o state_n of_o the_o west_n saxon_n have_v their_o several_a constitution_n as_o be_v several_a dominion_n and_o though_o for_o some_o few_o year_n there_o seem_v to_o be_v a_o reduction_n of_o the_o heptarchy_n into_o a_o monarchy_n yet_o hold_v it_o not_o so_o long_o together_o as_o we_o may_v see_v in_o the_o succession_n of_o a_o break_a government_n as_o to_o settle_v one_o form_n of_o order_n currant_n over_o all_o but_o that_o every_o province_n according_a to_o their_o particular_a founder_n have_v their_o custom_n apart_o and_o hold_v nothing_o in_o common_a beside_o religion_n and_o the_o constitution_n thereof_o but_o with_o the_o universality_n of_o meum_fw-la &_o tuum_fw-la order_v according_a to_o the_o right_n of_o nation_n and_o that_o jus_fw-la innatum_fw-la the_o common_a law_n of_o all_o the_o world_n which_o we_o see_v to_o be_v as_o universal_a as_o be_v the_o cohabitation_n and_o society_n of_o man_n and_o serve_v the_o turn_n to_o hold_v they_o together_o in_o all_o country_n howsoever_o they_o may_v differ_v in_o their_o form_n so_o that_o though_o we_o shall_v admit_v these_o with_o the_o rest_n of_o cnutes_n law_n to_o be_v national_a as_o by_o their_o preface_n that_o i_o mean_v of_o the_o second_o part_n contain_v his_o secular_a or_o politic_a constitution_n they_o be_v apparent_o no_o other_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d yet_o i_o take_v it_o these_o law_n 68_o and_o 75._o conclude_v not_o for_o a_o national_a general_a or_o universal_a descent_n of_o inheritance_n by_o a_o equal_a or_o arithmetical_a division_n among_o all_o the_o child_n or_o heir_n nor_o indeed_o for_o more_o than_o this_o that_o a_o partition_n be_v to_o be_v make_v of_o the_o same_o in_o point_n of_o proportion_n more_o or_o less_o according_a to_o what_o pro_fw-la more_fw-it patriae_fw-la vel_fw-la loci_fw-la and_o in_o point_n of_o good_n juxta_fw-la arbitrium_fw-la domini_fw-la be_v just_a and_o fit_a there_o be_v no_o precedent_n general_a law_n or_o canon_n here_o now_o extant_a at_o least_o to_o regulate_v or_o give_v direction_n in_o case_n but_o if_o not_o national_o for_o to_o give_v one_o instance_n instead_o of_o many_o thoroldus_fw-la in_o a_o charter_n of_o he_o to_o croyland_n abbey_n record_v by_o a._n ingulphus_n make_v mention_n of_o his_o lord_n and_o kinsman_n earl_n algar_n the_o elder_a son_n and_o heir_n of_o leofric_n earl_n of_o leicester_n and_o his_o countess_n godiva_n thorolds_n sister_n in_o the_o year_n 1051._o yet_o i_o be_o content_v to_o admit_v and_o agree_v that_o provincial_o and_o particular_o here_o in_o kent_n we_o have_v such_o a_o custom_n both_o before_o and_o at_o the_o conquest_n neither_o be_o i_o against_o their_o opinion_n who_o affirm_v the_o like_a course_n and_o custom_n currant_n in_o those_o time_n throughout_o the_o kingdom_n as_o not_o be_v desirous_a to_o insist_v much_o upon_o this_o example_n in_o thoroldus_fw-la charter_n or_o any_o such_o like_a to_o the_o contrary_a for_o the_o present_a though_o i_o doubt_v whether_o it_o can_v concludent_o be_v argue_v from_o the_o ground_n and_o authority_n they_o seem_v to_o go_v upon_o those_o law_n of_o canutus_n nevertheless_o be_v it_o so_o for_o though_o some_o will_v say_v the_o conqueror_n find_v it_o not_o here_o but_o either_o by_o himself_o or_o his_o brother_n odo_n bring_v it_o hither_o out_o of_o normandy_n and_o by_o the_o pattern_n and_o practice_n of_o his_o own_o country_n plant_v it_o here_o how_o can_v this_o stand_v with_o spot_n story_n by_o the_o way_n yet_o i_o be_o not_o of_o their_o mind_n for_o have_v it_o be_v from_o thence_o transplant_v hither_o probable_o it_o will_v not_o have_v be_v confine_v to_o kent_n a_o corner_n only_o of_o the_o kingdom_n but_o have_v spread_v itself_o rather_o over_o the_o whole_a by_o the_o conqueror_n mean_v who_o inclination_n and_o endeavour_n to_o propagate_v and_o implant_v here_o the_o custom_n of_o his_o own_o country_n be_v too_o eminent_a and_o notorious_a to_o be_v doubt_v of_o it_o be_v nothing_o probable_a then_o what_o some_o have_v deem_v that_o we_o borrow_v

circumcisionis_fw-la domini_fw-la xx_o d._n but_o so_o call_v i_o trow_v when_o compound_v for_o in_o money_n otherwise_o upon_o the_o same_o ground_n malt-peny_n as_o the_o old_a customal_n of_o the_o malt-peny_n same_o manor_n frequent_o name_v it_o so_o call_v peradventure_o in_o relation_n to_o some_o great_a les-gavel_a rent_n or_o service_n arise_v and_o pay_v out_o of_o the_o same_o land_n that_o this_o at_o some_o other_o part_n or_o season_n of_o the_o year_n i_o guess_v hereat_o by_o a_o old_a cant._n customal_n of_o charing_n manor_n where_o indeed_o i_o find_v it_o so_o and_o so_o les-gavel_a quasi_fw-la lesle-rent_a or_o lesle-service_n i_o take_v it_o to_o be_v the_o same_o that_o in_o the_o customal_n and_o rental_n of_o some_o other_o manor_n i_o find_v write_v lesyeld_v and_o lesgeld_v unless_o leaf-gavel_a it_o be_v mistake_v for_o the_o next_o leaf-gavel_a thus_o occur_v in_o a_o old_a accompt-roll_n of_o the_o church_n of_o canterbury_n et_fw-fr de_fw-fr twelve_o l._n iij._o d._n ob_fw-la de_fw-fr annuo_fw-la redditu_fw-la assis_fw-la cum_fw-la leafgabulo_n ad_fw-la terminum_fw-la s._n martini_n which_o i_o conceive_v to_o be_v the_o same_o with_o what_o in_o a_o like_a record_n of_o hathewolden_a now_o halden_n manor_n in_o kent_n be_v call_v lef-silver_n les-sily_a et_fw-fr de_fw-fr xviij_o d._n the_o lef-silver_n in_o hathewoldum_n the_o old_a custumal_a of_o tenham_n manor_n in_o kent_n call_z it_o lyefyield_v lyef-yeild_a thus_o explain_v it_o tenentes_fw-la de_fw-fr waldis_n non_fw-la possunt_fw-la arare_fw-la terras_fw-la svas_fw-la ab_fw-la equinoctio_fw-la autumpnali_fw-la usque_fw-la festum_fw-la beati_fw-la martini_n sine_fw-la licentia_fw-la et_fw-la ideo_fw-la reddunt_fw-la annuatim_fw-la dimidiam_fw-la marcam_fw-la ad_fw-la festum_fw-la s._n martini_n sive_fw-la fuerit_fw-la pessona_fw-la sive_fw-la non_fw-la et_fw-la voco_fw-la lyes-yeld_a whereby_o it_o seem_v to_o be_v a_o tribute_n pay_v by_o certain_a wealdish_a tenant_n for_o liberty_n to_o plough_v their_o ground_n during_o a_o certain_a season_n of_o the_o year_n viz._n tempore_fw-la pessonae_fw-la which_o because_o of_o some_o prejudice_n that_o may_v thereby_o redound_v to_o the_o lord_n in_o his_o pawnage_n be_v not_o permit_v without_o his_o leave_n gabulum_fw-la mellis_fw-la as_o the_o old_a sup_n rental_n of_o chistlet_n hunig-gavel_a manor_n in_o kent_n seem_v to_o term_v what_o some_o ancient_a accompt-roll_n sup_n of_o otteford_n and_o other_o manor_n call_v hunigave_v both_o one_o and_o tother_o signify_v rent-honey_n item_n de_fw-fr weregavel_n uj._o d._n aliquando_fw-la tamen_fw-la plus_fw-la aliquando_fw-la weregavel_a minus_fw-la thus_o in_o the_o cant._n custumal_a of_o the_o canterbury_n cathedral_n manor_n of_o leisdowne_n in_o the_o isle_n of_o shepey_n it_o seem_v to_o be_v a_o rent_n pay_v in_o respect_n of_o wear_v or_o kiddel_n to_o catch_v fish_n withal_o pitch_v and_o place_v by_o the_o seacoast_n and_o until_o magna_fw-la charta_fw-la forbid_v it_o in_o some_o river_n too_o whereof_o see_v further_o in_o sir_n hen._n spelman_n glossary_a verbo_fw-la kidellus_fw-la and_o in_o sir_n edw._n coke_n institutes_n part_v 2._o pag._n 38._o and_o elsewhere_o in_o a_o cant._n accompt-roll_n of_o the_o manor_n of_o reculver_n twy●gavel_n in_o kent_n anno_fw-la 16._o edw._n 3._o this_o service_n in_o the_o charge_n there_o thus_o occurr_n idem_fw-la respondet_fw-la de_fw-la 814_o &_o dimid_a bed_n clausur_fw-fr hayag_n fac_fw-la circa_fw-la manerium_fw-la ex_fw-la consuetudine_fw-la unde_fw-la de_fw-fr twygavel_n 200._o i_o meet_v with_o it_o elsewhere_o also_o but_o with_o explanation_n no_o where_o take_v liberty_n of_o conjecture_n i_o conceive_v it_o to_o be_v some_o double_a kind_n of_o service_n by_o the_o twy_n prepose_v as_o elsewhere_o twysket_n a_o twy●sket_n imposition_n upon_o the_o tenant_n of_o aldington_n manor_n by_o romney_n mersh_fw-mi for_o maintain_v the_o seacoast_n there_o and_o other_o like_a defence_n against_o inundation_n be_v term_v duplum_fw-la as_o thus_o computus_fw-la de_fw-la duplo_fw-la wallae_n quod_fw-la voco_fw-la twysket_n so_o the_o accompt-roll_n of_o that_o manor_n in_o the_o six_o year_n of_o st._n edmund_n archbishopric_n be_v term_v of_o our_o learned_a glossarist_n verb._n berewica_n bere-gafol_a by_o tributum_fw-la hordeaceum_fw-la elsewhere_o viz._n verb._n gabella_n by_o redditus_fw-la hordeaceus_fw-la you_o shall_v find_v in_o the_o 60th_o of_o king_n ina_n law_n in_o mr._n lambards_n archaion_n if_o it_o be_v not_o rent-barley_n i_o shall_v take_v it_o for_o the_o drincelean_a drincelean_n occur_v as_o in_o the_o last_o chapter_n of_o the_o leges_fw-la presbyterorum_fw-la northumbrensium_n in_o sir_n hen._n spelman_n council_n pag._n 502._o so_o also_o in_o the_o 87th_o of_o king_n cnute_n law_n in_o the_o archaion_n and_o in_o this_o latter_a place_n render_v in_o the_o old_a version_n in_o brampton_n just_a as_o oryncelan_n mistake_v for_o drincelan_n in_o the_o old_a glossary_a at_o the_o end_n of_o hen._n 1._o law_n by_o retributio_fw-la potus_fw-la if_o so_o it_o seem_v to_o be_v the_o same_o with_o what_o be_v afterward_o call_v scot-ale_n whereof_o scot-ale_n you_o may_v read_v in_o matth._n paris_n the_o charter_n of_o the_o forest_n bracton_n the_o mirroir_n and_o elsewhere_o king_n hen._n 2._o in_o his_o charter_n to_o the_o citizen_n of_o canterbury_n acquit_v they_o of_o it_o ita_fw-la quod_fw-la say_v he_o vicecome_fw-la meus_fw-la cantuar._n vel_fw-la aliquis_fw-la alius_fw-la ballivus_fw-la scotalam_fw-la non_fw-la faciet_fw-la it_o be_v sometime_o call_v potura_n and_o be_v a_o contribution_n potura_fw-la by_o the_o man_n and_o tenant_n towards_o a_o potation_n i._n e._n a_o drink_v or_o as_o some_o yet_o speak_v a_o ale_n provide_v to_o entertain_v the_o lord_n or_o his_o bailiff_n withal_o come_v to_o keep_v court_n or_o the_o like_a raise_v by_o a_o proportion_n or_o rate_n more_o or_o less_o according_a to_o the_o better_a or_o mean_a condition_n in_o a_o old_a memorat_fw-la custumal_a of_o southmal_v manor_n in_o sussex_n in_o that_o part_n of_o it_o entitle_v bortha_fw-mi de_fw-mi fell_v i_o read_v as_o follow_v item_n si_fw-la dominus_fw-la archiepiscopus_fw-la fecerit_fw-la scotall_a infra_fw-la boscum_fw-la quilibet_fw-la terram_fw-la tenens_fw-la dabit_fw-la ibi_fw-la pro_fw-la se_fw-la &_o uxore_fw-la sua_fw-la iij._o ob_fw-la &_o vidua_fw-la vel_fw-la kotarius_fw-la i_o d._n in_o the_o sup_n extent_n of_o the_o manor_n of_o ter_v to_o give_v you_o another_o instance_n anno_fw-la 5._o edw._n 1._o this_o scotale_a service_n be_v thus_o remember_v lewes_n memorandum_n quod_fw-la praedicti_fw-la tenentes_fw-la debent_fw-la de_fw-la consuetudine_fw-la inter_fw-la eas_fw-la facere_fw-la scotalium_fw-la de_fw-la xuj_o d._n &_o ob_fw-la ita_fw-la quod_fw-la de_fw-la singulis_fw-la sex_n denar_fw-mi detur_fw-la i_o d._n ob_fw-la ad_fw-la potandum_fw-la bedello_n domini_fw-la archiepiscopi_fw-la super_fw-la praedictum_fw-la feodum_fw-la bracton_n say_v it_o be_v sometime_o call_v filctale_a sol_fw-la 117._o b._n which_o our_o learned_a fildale_n glossarist_n in_o voce_fw-mi correct_v read_v fildale_n and_o be_v in_o some_o sort_n follow_v by_o sir_n edw._n coke_n institut_n part_n 4._o pag._n 307._o with_o the_o varia_n lectio_fw-la before_o bracton_n i_o shall_v rather_o read_v it_o gildale_n and_o then_o indeed_o as_o it_o gild-ale_n come_v near_o the_o other_o scot-ale_n so_o with_o that_o better_a answer_n to_o our_o present_a bere-gafol_a gilled_a gafol_n and_o scot_n be_v as_o it_o be_v synonyma_fw-la and_o univocal_a observe_v to_o be_v always_o pay_v by_o the_o tenant_n per_fw-mi for-gavel_a avail_v to_o the_o mesne_fw-la lord_n not_o to_o the_o chief_a and_o thence_o call_v in_o some_o old_a record_n and_o deed_n foris-gabulum_a quasi_fw-la extra_fw-la vel_fw-la praeter_fw-la gabulum_fw-la quod_fw-la domino_fw-la capitali_fw-la debetur_fw-la just_o like_o the_o french_a man_n surcens_n will_v you_o have_v a_o example_n john_n then_o the_o son_n of_o richard_n at_o horsfald_n by_o his_o cant._n deed_n date_a anno_o 1242._o give_n to_o warin_n of_o stablegate_n a_o parcel_n of_o land_n to_o be_v hold_v to_o he_o and_o his_o heir_n or_o to_o whosoever_o he_o shall_v give_v sell_v or_o assign_v it_o a_o clause_n without_o which_o by_o the_o account_n of_o those_o elder_a time_n land_n be_v not_o alienate_v from_o the_o proper_a 16._o heir_n pay_v to_o the_o prior_n and_o covent_n of_o christchurch_n canterbury_n lord_n it_o seem_v of_o the_o fee_n certain_a annal_a rent_n and_o hen_n and_o to_o the_o feossor_n and_o his_o heir_n i_o d._n yearly_a de_fw-fr forgabulo_fw-la etc._n etc._n some_o other_o instance_n of_o this_o kind_n may_v be_v add_v but_o i_o must_v contract_v pass_v over_o metegavel_n whereof_o mention_n be_v gavel_n make_v in_o the_o old_a glossary_a at_o the_o end_n of_o hen._n 1._o law_n and_o there_o in_o latin_a render_v cibi_fw-la gablum_fw-la now_o a_o word_n or_o two_o of_o gavelet_n this_o i_o must_v tell_v you_o be_v no_o rent_n or_o service_n but_o gavelate_v betoken_v a_o rent_n or_o service_n withhold_v deny_v or_o detain_v cause_v the_o tenement_n forfeiture_n to_o the_o lord_n whence_o those_o word_n of_o fleta_n recite_v the_o statute_n

vectigal_n civilian_n be_v call_v ager_n vectigalis_fw-la as_o be_v liable_a only_o to_o so_o much_o yearly_a rent_n without_o any_o other_o service_n regular_o unless_o fealty_n suit_n of_o court_n or_o the_o like_a according_a as_o the_o feoffment_n may_v run_v and_o have_v nothing_o to_o do_v with_o the_o plough_n to_o become_v socage_n this_o make_v escuage_z certain_a another_o tenure_n of_o no_o relation_n at_o all_o to_o the_o plough_n but_o quatenus_fw-la escuage_z as_o it_o be_v simple_o escuage_z eo_fw-la ipso_fw-la of_o b._n knight-service_n because_o by_o be_v certain_a it_o draw_v he_o not_o forth_o to_o any_o corporal_a service_n in_o war_n to_o be_v also_o term_v socage_n while_o contrariwise_o what_o be_v proper_o call_v escuage_z that_o namely_o which_o be_v uncertain_a and_o so_o call_v because_o beside_o its_o subjection_n to_o homage_n fealty_n ward_n and_o marriage_n it_o be_v uncertain_a how_o often_o a_o man_n shall_v be_v call_v to_o follow_v his_o lord_n into_o the_o war_n and_o again_o what_o his_o charge_n will_v be_v in_o each_o journey_n from_o be_v liable_a i_o say_v to_o this_o uncertainty_n of_o duty_n be_v escuage_z knight-service_n hence_o four_a it_o be_v that_o burgage_n a_o tenure_n no_o way_n smell_v of_o the_o plough_n or_o tillage_n be_v currant_n and_o conversant_a only_o in_o city_n and_o town_n because_o hold_v for_o a_o certain_a annual_a rent_n become_v with_o the_o rest_n socage_n hence_o also_o our_o kentish_a gavelkynd_n consider_v in_o its_o name_n or_o term_n betoken_v censual_a land_n of_o no_o affinity_n with_o the_o plough_n or_o plough-service_n because_o i_o say_v hold_v per_fw-la certa_fw-la servitia_fw-la come_v to_o be_v call_v socage_n the_o like_a may_v be_v say_v of_o frank_n ferme_fw-fr and_o other_o the_o remain_a species_n of_o socage-land_n one_o and_o all_o as_o proper_o so_o call_v as_o right_o and_o with_o as_o much_o reason_n refer_v to_o that_o head_n of_o our_o english_a tenor_n as_o that_o which_o for_o its_o plough_n or_o tillage_n service_n be_v say_v to_o be_v more_o peculiarly_a so_o call_v stand_v not_o in_o need_n of_o that_o distinction_n which_o the_o common_a opinion_n use_v to_o bring_v they_o within_o the_o compass_n of_o it_o call_v ab_fw-la effectu_fw-la because_o of_o like_a effect_n and_o incident_n belong_v to_o they_o with_o socage_n tenure_n a_o distinction_n by_o this_o derivation_n render_v frivolous_a and_o needless_a and_o under_o favour_n therefore_o as_o fit_a to_o be_v lay_v aside_o as_o their_o 36_o assertion_n be_v to_o be_v retract_v who_o to_o vindicate_v the_o retain_v of_o the_o name_n of_o socage_n as_o of_o use_n only_o to_o distinguish_v that_o from_o a_o tenure_n by_o knight-service_n affirm_v that_o the_o cause_n whereupon_o the_o name_n of_o socage_n first_o grow_v viz._n plough-service_n be_v take_v away_o by_o the_o change_n of_o such_o service_n into_o money_n whereas_o presuppose_v our_o present_a derivation_n of_o socage_n to_o be_v admit_v both_o name_n and_o cause_n still_o continue_v thus_o much_o for_o socage_n a_o term_n that_o to_o i_o first_o occurr_n in_o glanvill_n never_o as_o yet_o in_o any_o elder_a record_n in_o a_o roll_n of_o cant._n account_n of_o the_o archbishop_n of_o canterbury_n manor_n for_o the_o six_o year_n of_o archbishop_n baldwyn_n glanvill_n coaetanean_a and_o companion_n in_o his_o voyage_n and_o expedition_n with_o king_n richard_n the_o first_o to_o the_o holy_a land_n which_o by_o computation_n be_v the_o year_n of_o our_o lord_n 1190._o it_o occur_v by_o the_o name_n of_o soggagium_n thus_o super_fw-la soggagium_fw-la london_n remanent_fw-la xx_o d._n and_o this_o in_o croyden_n manor_n there_o among_o the_o expense_n and_o deduction_n follow_v the_o receipt_n of_o that_o year_n which_o i_o mention_v not_o as_o conceive_v it_o no_o elder_a than_o hen._n 2._o day_n yes_o i_o rather_o hold_v socmannus_fw-la socmanria_fw-la and_o socagium_fw-la to_o be_v relative_n and_o consequent_o that_o where_o the_o one_o occurr_n the_o rest_n be_v imply_v but_o socmannus_fw-la be_v obvious_a in_o domesday-book_n and_o less_o ancient_a therefore_o i_o persuade_v myself_o socage_n and_o socmanry_n be_v not_o nunc_fw-la age_n carp_n viam_fw-la susceptum_fw-la perfice_fw-la munus_fw-la a●n●id_n now_o therefore_o to_o come_v to_o our_o quaere_fw-la whether_o gavelkynd_n be_v a_o tenure_n or_o a_o custom_n and_o give_v it_o a_o answer_n i_o confess_v there_o be_v that_o in_o some_o sort_n hold_v the_o negative_a as_o who_o will_v have_v it_o to_o be_v a_o custom_n accompany_v the_o land_n where_o it_o obtain_v rather_o than_o a_o tenure_n whereby_o the_o land_n be_v hold_v hold_v the_o while_o the_o tenure_n to_o be_v socage_n and_o of_o this_o opinion_n 537._o mr._n lambard_n do_v more_o than_o seem_v to_o be_v now_o between_o tenure_n and_o custom_n in_o this_o case_n with_o we_o the_o difference_n as_o i_o collect_v stand_v thus_o admit_v it_o only_o a_o tenure_n and_o then_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o land_n be_v not_o concern_v in_o point_n of_o descent_n so_o that_o in_o some_o case_n as_o the_o escheat_n of_o it_o by_o death_n or_o cessavit_fw-la to_o the_o lord_n that_o hold_v over_o by_o knight-service_n or_o to_o the_o crown_n by_o forfeicture_n in_o treason_n and_o the_o like_a it_o cease_v to_o be_v any_o long_o of_o gavelkynd-nature_n in_o point_n of_o descent_n and_o go_v not_o as_o before_z to_o all_o but_o only_o to_o the_o elder_a of_o the_o son_n according_a to_o the_o course_n of_o the_o common_a law_n whereas_o if_o it_o be_v a_o custom_n follow_v the_o nature_n of_o the_o land_n than_o it_o be_v say_v they_o inseparable_a from_o that_o land_n where_o it_o obtain_v insomuch_o as_o notwithstanding_o this_o escheat_n or_o whatever_o other_o alteration_n of_o the_o tenure_n it_o remain_v as_o before_o partible_a among_o all_o the_o son_n or_o other_o heir_n where_o son_n be_v want_v but_o to_o the_o point_n b._n to_o prove_v gavelkynd_n to_o be_v a_o ●enure_n i_o shall_v not_o need_v i_o think_v to_o multiply_v authority_n the_o generality_n of_o those_o ancient_a deed_n that_o i_o have_v see_v for_o the_o grant_v land_n in_o gavelkynd_n whereof_o some_o be_v exhibit_v in_o the_o appendix_n be_v wont_a to_o have_v their_o tenendum_n the_o usual_a and_o more_o proper_a place_n for_o the_o creation_n of_o a_o tenure_n in_o any_o kind_n of_o grant_n thus_o phrased_a tenendum_fw-la either_o ad_fw-la or_o in_fw-la gavelikendam_fw-la or_o the_o like_a the_o office_n recite_v of_o mr._n lambard_n in_o his_o peramb_v pag._n 540._o find_v after_o the_o death_n of_o walter_n culpepper_n be_v alike_o phrased_a tenuit_fw-la in_o gavelkind_n be_v a_o much_o repeat_v passage_n in_o it_o the_o statute_n 18._o hen._n 6._o cap._n 3._o in_o term_n call_v it_o a_o tenure_n take_v knowledge_n that_o there_o be_v not_o at_o that_o day_n within_o the_o shire_n above_o 40._o person_n at_o the_o most_o which_o have_v land_n to_o the_o yearly_a value_n of_o xx_o pound_n without_o the_o tenure_n of_o gazelkynd_n and_o that_o the_o great_a party_n of_o this_o county_n or_o well_o nigh_o all_o be_v then_o within_o that_o tenure_n and_o this_o alone_a which_o i_o shall_v add_v may_v evince_v and_o clear_v it_o to_o be_v a_o tenure_n that_o since_o the_o statute_n of_o quia_fw-la emptores_fw-la terrarum_fw-la anno_fw-la 18._o edw._n 1._o prohibit_v the_o subject_n to_o let_v land_n to_o be_v hold_v of_o himself_o as_o there_o be_v not_o to_o be_v find_v any_o more_o grant_n of_o land_n objection_n pro_fw-la homagio_fw-la &_o s●rvitio_fw-la so_o neither_o in_o gavelkynd_n for_o brevity_n sake_n i_o will_v urge_v no_o more_o authority_n of_o this_o kind_n be_v thus_o then_o apparent_o a_o tenure_n how_o come_v it_o to_o pass_v that_o we_o so_o usual_o call_v it_o the_o custom_n of_o gavelkynd_n seldom_o either_o make_v or_o find_v mention_n of_o gavelkynd_n but_o with_o that_o adjunct_n and_o under_o that_o notion_n of_o custom_n indeed_o the_o property_n of_o equal_a partition_n be_v and_o have_v so_o solution_n long_o be_v of_o that_o eminency_n in_o our_o kentish_a gavelkynd_n and_o it_o so_o much_o celebrate_v for_o that_o property_n that_o as_o if_o it_o be_v the_o sole_a and_o only_a property_n of_o it_o all_o the_o other_o in_o respect_n whereof_o this_o land_n may_v as_o well_o be_v call_v gavelkynd_n as_o for_o this_o be_v as_o it_o be_v forget_v and_o that_o only_o carry_v away_o the_o name_n from_o its_o fellow_n whereas_o that_o of_o partition_n as_o have_v be_v say_v before_o be_v but_o one_o among_o the_o many_o other_o property_n and_o custom_n in_o our_o kentish_a gavelkynd_n such_o as_o dower_n of_o the_o moiety_n a._n loss_n of_o dower_n by_o marriage_n before_o or_o after_o assignment_n b._n not_o to_o forfeict_n land_n for_o felony_n power_n of_o alienation_n at_o fifteen_o year_n of_o age_n and_o the_o rest_n obvious_a