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A09195 The compleat gentleman fashioning him absolute in the most necessary & commendable qualities concerning minde or bodie that may be required in a noble gentleman. By Henry Peacham, Mr. of Arts sometime of Trinity Coll: in Cambridge. Peacham, Henry, 1576?-1643?; Delaram, Francis, 1589 or 90-1627, engraver. 1622 (1622) STC 19502; ESTC S114333 134,242 209

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Shield within a Bordure Componeè Or and Gules before the Armes of Ferrara in recognisance of the league and fidelitie wherein hee promised to stand bound to serue the King at his own charges And for the like respect Lewis the eleuenth in May 1465. allowed Pietro de Medici to beare three Flower-de-luces in his shield which I haue seene borne in cheife vpon one of his sixe Lozenges Of Difference by the Labell A second difference is by the Labell borne chieefely as the difference of the elder Brother As Edward the blacke Prince and all our Princes of Wales eldest sonnes to the King beare their Fathers Soueraigne Coate with a Labell of three points Siluer Iohn of Gauns had his Labell Ermin Edmond of Langley Duke of Yorke on his Labell Siluer nine Torteauxes Edmond Plantagenes sonne and heire of Richard Duke of Yorke Earle of Ru●land who being a Child scarce twelue yeares of age was stricken to the heart with a Dagger by the Lord Clifford at the battaile of Wakefield had vpon his Labell of fiue points Argent two Lionceaux Gules with nine Torteauxes The Coate of Vls●er and Mortim●r being ●mpaled with his owne as may be seene in the windowes of F●deringhay Castle the mansion house of the Duke of Yorke where by his father Richard Duke of Yorke and Cicely Nevill his mother hee lyeth buried whose bodies remoued out of F●deringhay Church-yard for the Chancell in the Quire wherein they first were laid in that fury of knocking Churches and sacred Monuments in the head was also felled to the ground lapped in Lead were buried in the Church by the commandement of Queene Elizabeth and a meane Monument of Plaister wrought with the Trowell erected ouer them very homely and farre vnfitting so Noble Princes I remember Master Creuse a Gentleman and my w●rthy friend who dwelt in the Colledge at the same time told me that their Coffins being opened their bodies appeared very plainly to be discerned and withall that the Dutchesse Cicely had about her necke hanging in a Silke riband a pardon from Rome which penned in a very fine Romane hand was as faire and fresh to be read as it had beene written but yesterday Of Difference by the Bend. A third difference is by the Bend Baston c. as the house of Bur●●● beareth Fr●●●● with a B●tune Gules though the proper and true Coate of 〈◊〉 is Of a Lyon Gules within an Orle of Escallops Azure Lewis Earle of Eureux in Normandy brother to Philip le B●ll bare Seme de France with a Batune Componeè Argent and Gules Iohn Earle of L●●●aster and Brother to Richard the first afterward King bare for his difference a Batune Azure If the mother be of the ligne Royall many times her Coate is preferred into the first quarter as H●nry Earle of D●●●nshire and Marqu●sse of Exeter ●●re his mother K●tharines Coate who was daughter to King Edward the fourth And the like Humphrey Stafford who was the first Duke of Buckingham by Anne Platag●n●● his mother ● the Coate of Thomas of Woodstocke whose daughter she was This Coate I remember standeth in the great Chancell window in the Church of Kimbalt●n In France it hath beene and it yet a custome among the Nobilitie to 〈◊〉 their owne proper Coates and take others as perhaps their Wi●es or the Armes of that Srig●●●● whereof they are Lords or whence they haue their Titles as Mons. Hugues brother to King Philip marrying the daughter and heire of Herbere Earle of Ver●●●d●●●s forsooke his proper Coate and bare his Wiues which was Checky Or and Azure onely three Flower-de-luces added in chiefe to shew he was of the blood And Robert Coun● de Dreux albeit he was brother to King Lewis 〈◊〉 bare Checky Azure and Or with a Bordure Gules Robert Duke of Burgogne brother to Henry the first tooke for his bearing the ancient Armes of the Dukes of Burgogne which was bendy Or and Azure within a Bordure Gules giuen by Charlemaigne to Sanson Duke of Burgogne And whereas we in England allow the base sonne his Fathers Coate with the difference of a bend Batune sinister or bordure engrailed or the like it was in France a long time forbidden I thinke vnder the Capets to the Princes of the blood as 〈◊〉 Earle of M●mfort base sonne to King Robert was forced to leaue his Fathers Coate and beare Gules a Lion à la queue fourcheè Or passeè per à lentour Argent for Le maison de France ●●●●tant les bastardes no leur endurè son armeirè c. saith Tillet The last and least obseruation is of Crests the Helmet the Mantle and doubling thereof which according to the manner of diuers Countries are diuersly borne In Germany they beare their Beauers open with Barres which we allow in England to none vnder the degree of a Baron in some places they haue no Crests at all If you would farther proceed in Nobilitie or Heraldry I would wi●h you to reade these bookes of 〈◊〉 ob●●itie in gener●●● Simon Simonius de N●●ilit●●e 〈…〉 at Leipsig 1572. Chassan●●●● his Catalogus Gloria mun●● Hippolitus à Collibus his Axumata Nobilitatis Conclusiones de Nobilitate Doctorain published by one of Meckleburg who concealeth his name printed 1621. dedicated to the Archbishop of Breme Petrus Eritzius Coun●●●●er to the Elector of Brandenburge published Conclusiones de Nobilitate in quarto Lionellus De pracedentia ●omi●um Of the Spanish Nobilitie these Authors haue written Ioannes ab Arce Offalora in folio Priuilegios y Franquezas y libertades des bijos d●algos De Senniorio de Vizcaia c. in fol. Ludovicus de Moll●●a De primog●nior●m Hispanicorum iure c. in fol. Iosephus de Sesse in Decis Aragon Decis 8. 9. 10. c. Gonzales de C●rte his Nobliza del Andaluzia in fol. Of Italy Sicily Naples c. Scipie Mazzella nelle Neapoli Illustrata in quarto Paulus Merula in Cosmograph lib. 3. pt 3. in Italian Of France The Workes of Tillet Fer●● Charles L'Ois●●● Choppin Theatre d'Honneur Of Germany or the Empire Fran. Contzen his Politiques in fol. The Collections of Goldastus with some others The practise of Blazonrie Willeged the first Abbot dyed the same yeare that Off a did of very griefe it was thought for the death of his king and kinsman whom he dearely loued Anno 8●8 After him succeeded these in order Eadricke Vulsigus Wul●●●us Eadfrithus Wulsinus Who built Saint Peters Church Saint Michaels and Saint Stephens and made a faire market place in the towne Alfricke Aldredus Who digged vp and searched the ruines of Verlam-cesire which in his time were dens of theeues and whores saued all the tile and stone for the repaire of the Church and in digging vpon the North side in the vale found oaken plankes pitched Shelles peeces of oares and a rusty Anchor or two Eadmer after his death being a religious and a good man imitating his predecessour saued all the ancient coines vrnes
lately repaired by some good Benefactor lie vnder his head which are Vox clamantie Speculum Meditantis and Confessio Amantis He was a Knight as also was Chaucer After him succeeded Lydgate a Monke of Burie who wrote that bitter Satyre of Peirs Plow-man He spent most part of his time in translating the workes of others hauing no great inuention of his owne He wrote for those times a tollerable and smooth verse Then followed Harding and after him Skelton a Poet Laureate for what desert I could neuer heare if you desire to see his veine and learning an Epitaph vpon King Henry the seauenth at West-minster will discouer it In the latter end of King Henrie the 8. for their excellent facultie in Poesie were famous the right noble Henrie Earle of Surrey whose Songs and Sonnets yet extant are of sweete conceipt and the learned but vnfortunate Sir Thomas Wyat. In the time of Edward the sixth liued Sternhold whom King Henry his father a little before had made groome of his Chamber for turning certaine of Dauids Psalmes into verse and merrie Iohn Heywood who wrote his Epigrammes as also Sir Thomas More his Vtopia in the parish wherein I was borne where either of them dwelt and had faire possessions About Queene Maries time flourished Doctor Phaer who in part translated Virgils Aeneids after finished by Arthur Golding In the time of our late Queene Elizabeth which was truly a golden Age for such a world of refined wits and excellent spirits it produced whose like are hardly to be hoped for in any succeeding Age aboue others who honoured Poesie with their pennes and practise to omit her Maiestie who had a singular gift herein were Edward Earle of Oxford the Lord Buckhurst Henry Lord Paget our Phoenix the noble Sir Philip Sidney M. Edward Dyer M. Edmund Spencer M. Samuel Daniel with sundry others whom together with those admirable wits yet liuing and so well knowne not out of Enuie but to auoide tediousnesse I ouerpasse Thus much of Poetrie CHAP. XI Of Musicke MVsicke a sister to Poetrie next craueth your acquaintance if your Genius be so disposed I know there are many who are adeo 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 and of such disproportioned spirits that they auoide her companie as a great Cardinall in Rome did Roses at their first comming in that to auoide their sent he built him an house in the champaigne farre from any towne or as with a Rose not long since a great Ladies cheeke in England their eares are readie to blister at the tendrest touch thereof I dare not passe so rash a censure of these as Pindar doth or the Italian hauing fitted a prouerbe to the same effect Whom God loues not that man loues not Musicke but I am verily perswaded they are by nature very ill disposed and of such a brutish stupiditie that scarce any thing else that is good and sauoureth of vertue is to be found in them Neuer wise man I thinke questioned the lawfull vse hereof since it is an immediate gift of heauen bestowed on man whereby to praise and magnifie his Creator to solace him in the midst of so many sorrowes and cares wherewith life is hourely beset and that by song as by letters the memorie of Doctrine and the benefits of God might be for euer preserued as we are taught by the Song of Moses and those diuine Psalmes of the sweete singer of Israel who with his Psalterie so lowdly resounded the Mysteries and innumerable benefits of the Almightie Creator and the seruice of God aduanced as we may finde in 2. Samuel 6. vers 5. Psalme 33. 21. 43. and 4. 108. 3. and in sundrie other places of Scripture which for breuitie I omit But say our Sectaries the seruice of God is nothing aduanced by singing and instruments as we vse it in our Cathedrall Churches that is by Antiphonie Restes Repetitions Varietis of Moodes and Proportions with the like For the first that it is not contrary but consonant to the word of God so in singing to answer either the practise of M●riam the Prophete●se and Sister of Moses when she answered the men in her song will approue For repetition nothing was more vsuall in the singing of the Leuites and among the Psalmes of Dauid the 136. is wholly compounded of those two most gracefull and 〈◊〉 figures of repetition Symploce and Anaphora For Resting and Proportions the nature of the Hebrew verse as the meanest Hebrician knoweth consisting many times of vneuen feete going sometime in this number sometimes in that one while as S. Hierome saith in the numbers of Sappho another while of Alcaus doth of neoessitie require it and wherein doth our practise of singing and playing with Instruments in his Maiesties Chappell and our Cathedrall Churches differ from the practise of Dauid the Priests and Leuites Doe we not make one sound in praising and thanking God with voyces and instruments of all sorts D●●●e as S. Hierome saith reboet laquear ●empli the roofe of the Church ecchoeth againe and which lest they should cauill at as a Iewish Ceremonie we know to haue beene practised in the ancient puritie of the Church but we returne where we left The Physitians will tell you that the exercise of Musicke is a great lengthner of the life by stirring and reuiuing of the Spiri●s holding a secret sympathy with them Besides the exercise of singing openeth the breast and pipes it is an enemy to melancholy and deiection of the mind which S. Chrysostome truly calleth The Deuils Bath Yea a curer of some diseases in Apugli● in Italy and therea bouts it is most certaine that those who are stung with the Taramula are cured onely by Musicke Beside the aforesaid benefit of singing it is a most ready helpe for a bad pronunciation and distinct speaking which I haue heard confirmed by many great Diuines yea I my selfe haue knowne many Children to haue bin holpen of their stammering in speech onely by it Plato calleth it A diuine and heauenly practise profitable for the seeking out of that which is good and honest Homer saith Musitians are worthy of Honor and regard of the whole world and we know alb●it Ly●urgu● imposed most streight and sharpe Lawes vpon the Lacedaem●ni●ns yet he euer allowed them the exercise of Musicke Aristotle auerreth Musicke to be the onely disposer of the mind to Vertue and Goodnesse wherefore he reckoneth it among those foure principall exercises wherein he would haue children instructed Tulli● saith there consisteth in the practise of singing and playing vpon Instruments great knowledge and the most excellent instruction of the mind and for the effect it worketh in the mind he termeth it Sta●ilem Thesaurum qui moros instituit componi●que ac mo●tit ●rarum ardores c. A lasting Treasure which rectifieth and ordereth our manners and allayeth the heate and furie of our anger c. I might runne into an
and other antiquities hee could finde there Leofricke was sonne to the Earle of Kent and after being chosen to be Archbishop of Canterburie he refused it this Abbot in a time of dearth solde all the Iewels of his Church to buy bread for the poore After him succeeded Alfricke Leostan Fr●theric Paul In this Abbot were giuen to the Monastery of Saint Albanes the Celles of Wallingford of Tinnemuth of Bealvare of Hertford and Binham Richard who liued in the time of William Rusus when the Cell of Saint Marie de Wymonaham or Windham in Norfolke was giuen vnto this Abbey beeing sounded by William de Albeney father to William de Albeney first Earle of Arundell Gaufridus who founded the Nunnery of Sopwell therby on the other side of the riuer founded and so called vpon this occasion two poore women hauing built themselues a small cabben liued in that place a very austere life praying and seruing God with great deuotion and for that they liued for the most part with no other sustenance saue bread and the water of a Well there wherein they vsed to soppe or dippe their bread it had saith mine Author a Monke sometime of that Abbey the name of Sopwell Then Radulphus Robert Simon Garmus Iohn William c. Off a gaue to this his Abby of Saint Albans these towns following viz. Thei l Edel●●●●● Wiclesfield Cages●o cum suis Berechund Rike●aresworth Bacheworth Crok●leie Michelfield Britchwell Watford Bilsey Merdell Haldenham Spr●t Enefeild St●●●●●● H●●●●●ted Winelesham Biscopsco● C●d●●●dune and Mild●●dune Egelsride his sonne and successour gaue Sandruge and Penefield Alfrick● Abbot of this Church after Archbishop Leofrick his brother gaue Kingesbury C●ealdwich Westwic Flamsted Nort●●● R●●●●hang W●●●●field Birstan and Vpton AEthelwold Bish. of Dorchester gaue Girshuna Cuicumba Tyme Aegelwin Redburne Thuangnā Lingley Grenburga One Tholfe gaue Estune and Oxaw One Sexi gaue H●chamsted One Ha●dh gaue Newha● and Beandise Therefeld a religious woman gaue Sceanl●a Bridel Aegelwina another gaue Batesden Offal and Standune One Aegelbert gaue Craniford A●●an Cutesham Winsimus gaue Esenden Osulsus and his wife gaue St●dham and Wilsin●● others Walden Cudicote Scephal Bethell with sundry other Celles Churches and goodly possessions of me vnnamed If I should set you downe the inestimable wealth consisting in Plate Iewells Bookes costly Hangings Altar-cloathes and the like which by our English Kings Nobilitie and others haue from the foundation vnto the dissolution with the sundry priuiledges this Abby had I should weary my selfe with writing and you with reading but I omit them hauing onely proposed a mirrour to the eyes not of the Church pillars of ancient but the Church pillers of our times The Auncestors of this Noble family were Frenchmen borne taking their Surname of a Towne in Normandy called Sackuill whereof they were Lords and came into England to the aide of Duke William the Conquerour as appeareth by an auncient Manuscript or Chronicle of Brittaine now in the Custody of Mr. Edward Gwinn where he is called a Chiefetaine and is the seauenth man ranked in a Catalogue of names there for as it may be obserued out of Mr. Camdens Remaines that the better sort about the time of the Conquest began to take vp Surnames so againe they were not setled amongst the common people vntill the Raigne of King Edward the second He moreouer affirmeth that the most ancient and of best account were deriued from places whereof this name of Sackuill is one and to adde yet more vnto it Ordericus Vitalis the Monke in his Normane story saith that Herbrann de Sackuill was liuing in the time of William the Conquerour being father of three Noble Knights Iordan William and Robert de Sackuill and of a vertuous and beautifull Ladie named Auice who was married to Walter Lord of Alfage Hugleuill by whom shee had issue Iordan L. of Alfage Hugleuill that married Iulian the daughter of one Gods●all who came into England with Q. Adelize of Lo●●ine the Wife to King Henry the first After whose death the said Queene married to William de Albency Earle of Arundell from whom the now Right Honorable Thomas Earle of Arundell and Surry and Earle Marshall of England is descended S. Iordan de Sackuill Knight the eldest sonne was Sewer of England by the gift of the said Conquerour but liued and died in Normandy S. Robert de Sackuill Knight the yonger sonne liued in England and gaue together with his body the Mannor of Wickham in Suffolke● to the Abbey of S● Iohn Baptist in Colchester leauing issue a son named S● Iordan de Sackuill a very eminent man in the time of King Richard the first as appeareth by a Charter of the said King made to the Monkes of Bordes●ey in Buckinghamshiere S● Iordan de Sackuill that obtained of King Iohn a Friday Market weekely and a Faire once a yeare in his Towne of Sackuill in Normandy as saith the Kings Publike Records in the Tower of L●●don Holiinshed fol. 186. doth there ranke Iordan de Sackuill as a Baron calling him one of the assistants to the 25. Peeres of this Realme to see the Liberties of Magna Charta confirmed And for further proofe that they were men of no meane ●anke it is apparent in the Red booke of the Excheaquer in the 12. and 13. yeeres of the said Kings Raigne in these words Hubertus de Anestie tenes 2. food in Anestie parua Hornmcad dimid 〈◊〉 in Anestie de Honore Richard● de Sack●yle Agai●e S● Iordan de Sackuill Knight grand● childe to the said Iordan de Sackuill was taken prisoner at the battaile of E●esham for siding with the Barons against King Henry the third in the 49. yeare of His Raigne whose sonne and heire named Andrew Sackuill being vnder age at the time of his fathers death and the Kings Wa●d was like wise imprisoned in the Castle of Deuer Ann. 3. E●n 1. and afterward by the speciall command of the said King did marry Ermyn●●de an Honourable Ladie of the houshold to Queene 〈◊〉 or whereby he not onely gained the Kings fauour but the greatest part of his Inheritance againe From whom the aforesaid Richard Earle of Dorset with S● Edward Sackuill Knight of the Bathe his brother and others are descended one of whose Auncestors by marrying a daughter and co-heire of Rase de Denn sonne of Rodbert Pincerna that held the Lordship of Buckhurst with diuers other Mannors and Lands in Sussex about the time of the Normain Conquest In right of which marriage they haue euer since continued Lords of the said Mannor of Buckhurst with diners other Manors and L●nds in Sussex c. Which William Earle of Devonsh● was sonne of S● William Cavendish of Chattesworth in the said Countie of Derby knight Treasurer of the Chamber to King Henry the eight Edward the sixt and Queene Marie by his wife Elizabeth daughter of lohn Hardwick of Hardwick Esquire The Auncestors of this Noble Familie called themselues G●r●ms whose issue