wherein his father with the Normans had conquered the English annexing Normandy to his English Crowne his borther Robert being surprised in battaile and detayned prisoner during life He deceased in the yeare 1135 the first English-Norman king Stephen Earle of Mortaigne yonger son to Stephen Earle of Blois and Champaigne by Adcla daughter to the Conquerour king of England by the power of his faction the advantage of his sexe and the pretended will of king Henry vpon his death-bed opposed by Maude the onely legitimate daughter surviuing issue of Henry formerly wife to Henry the fourth Emperour of the Romans After long trouble warres betwixt the two sides a peace at length is concluded Stephen is continued in the possession of the Crowne to returne after his decease vpon Henry Fitz-Empresse son to Mande and to the heires of the first Henry Henry the second son to Geffrey Plantaginet Earle of Aniou in France Maude the Empresse daughter to Henry the first and Maude daughter to Malcolme king of Scotland and S t Margaret descended from king Edmund surnamed the Iron-side In this prince the surname of Plantaginet was first deriued vpon the house of England continued vnto Edward sonne to George Duke of Clarence the last Plantaginet or of the male issue hereof the rest extinguished during the ciuill warres betwixt the houses of Yorke and Lancaster put to death by king Henry the seaventh He marryed vnto Eleanor daughter and sole heire to William Duke of Aquitaine Guienne and by armes voluntary submission made first subiect the factious and devided Irish king of England Duke of Normandy Aquitaine Guienne Earle of Aniou The dominion title of Ireland he had given vnto his yongest son Iohn Maude his eldest daughter was married vnto Henrie surnamed the Lyon Duke of Saxony and Bavaria from whom are descended the present Dukes of Brunswyck and Lunenburg in Germany bearing the same armes with the more auncient kings of England Richard the first king of England Duke of Normandy Aquitaine Guienne Earle of Aniou son to Henrie the second He accompanied Philip surnamed Augusts king of France with other Latine princes towards the East for the recoverie of the Holy Land renowned for his victories against Saladine Sultan of Aegypt and the Infidels Not the least in that journey amongst his other conquest was that of the Cyprioâ—s whom occasioned by some hostile and churlish carriages of Cursar their king against his distressed and weather-beaten Fleete he in few daies subdued exchanging that Iland with Guy of Lusignan for the kingdome or title of Hierusalem remaining in the house of Guy for many descents vntill the vsurpation thereof by the Venetians He deceased without issue Iohn king of England Duke of Normandie Aquitaine and Guienne Earle of Aniou and Lord of Ireland which last title he first added yongest son to Henry the second opposed by Arthur Duke of Britaine son to Geffrey his elder brother and Constance inheretresse of that house He lost Normandy Aniou Touraine and Maine with Poictou part of the Dukedome of Aquitaine to Philip the second surnamed Augustus French king pretending their forfeiture holding of the French kings in fee vpon the decease of Arthur whom he surmised to haue beene murthered by Iohn forsaken in those troubles by his disloyall Nobility refusing their aydes and betrayed by the natiues of those countries better effected to the French Ingaged at once in three dangerous warres against the Pope Cleargie the French king and his rebellious subjects to make his peace with the Pope his more potent adversary and the chiefe authour of those evils Innocentius the third then succeeding in the Papacy he enthralled his Crowne to the tribute and vassallage of the sea of Rome Henry the third son to Iohn succeeding in the left dominions of his father and in his warres against the French and his traiterous English Barons Edward the first son to Henry the third He subdued the Scots and annexed the Welsh to his English kingdome Edward the second son to Edward the first He marryed vnto Isabel daughter to Philip the fourth French king deposed by a joint conspiracy of his disloyall Queene subjects pretending his bad government and vices Edward the third son to Edward the second Isabel of France The male issue of Philip the fourth extinguished in Charles surnamed the Faire in right from his mother daughter to Philip the next heire generall he made claime to the rich kingdome of France assuming the title hereof and quartering his English armoryes with the French Lillies continued still in his successours Hauing vanquished the French in two memorable battailes at Crecy and Poictiers taken Iohn their king prisoner he in the end nothwithstanding fortune changing lost to that enimy all Aquitaine and Guienne the remainder of the English possessions in that Continent Calais excepted yeelded vp by the treacherous inhabitants ill affecting the English government and coveting a revnion with France He deceased in the yeare 1378. Richard the second king of England France and Lord of Ireland son to Edward prince of Wales eldest son to Edward the third deposed by Henry the fourth without issue Henry the fourth king of England France Lord of Ireland son to Iohn of Gaunt Duke of Lancaster fourth son to Edward the third the first prince of the Lancastrian family whose vsurpation and vniust title gaue occasion afterwards to those long and miserable warres betwixt his house Yorke Henry the fift king of England France and Lord of Ireland eldest son to Henrie the fourth The field of Azincourt won and the vnfortunate French vnder a lunatike and weake king being devided into two great factions of Burgundie and Orleans by the aide of Burgundie hauing married Catharine the French kings daughter he is made Regent of France during the malady and indisposition hereof and declared his next successour to the Crowne Charles the Dolphin his son disinherited Henrie the sixt king of England France and Lord of Ireland son to Henry the fift Catherine of France Crowned French king at Paris in the yeare 1431. In the raigne hereof Richard Duke of Yorke layd claime to the Crowne of England in the right of the house of Clarence elder brother to Iohn of Gaunt father to king Henry the fourth ayded by Richard Nevile Earle of Warwick and other potent nobility the effect whereof was a bloody civill warre continued with variable fortune for the space of 25 yeares betwixt the two houses of Lancaster and Yorke the slaughter of the greatest part of the blood royall of both factions the deposing murder of this holy and just prince the irrecoverable losse of France by these tumults the establishing of the kingdome in Edward the fourth his succession the house of Yorke Edward the fourth son to Richard Plantaginet Duke of Yorke which Richard was son to Richard Earle of Cambridge sonne to Edmund Duke of Yorke fift son
to king Edward the third by Anna his wife daughter to Roger Mortimer Earle of March son to Edmund Mortimer Philippa daughter and sole heire of Lionel Duke of Clarence third son to king Edward king of England and France Lord of Ireland by conquest and the right of his house Edward the fift king of England and France and Lord of Ireland son to Edward the fourth deposed and afterwards murthered by his vnnaturall vncle Richard the third deceasing without issue Richard the third son to Richard Duke of Yorke and yonger brother to Edward the fourth He was slaine at Bosworth field against Henry the seaventh the last king of the name of Plantagenet Henry the seaventh king of England France and Lord of Ireland son to Edmund Earle of Richmund and Margaret his wife daughter to Iohn Duke of Somerset sonne to Iohn of Gaunt Duke of Lancaster by Catherine Swinford the next and almost onely surviuing person of the house of Lancaster butchered in the late warres The better to assure the kingdome to his posterity and to prevent all future quarrells he tooke to wife Elizabeth eldest daughter to king Edward the fourth vniting in his issue the vndoubted rights of both factions of Lancaster Yorke Henry the eight son to Henry the seaventh He made Ireland a kingdome and first assumed the title of Defendour of the faith Edward the sixt king of England France and Ireland son to Henry the eight Mary Queene of England France and Ireland daughter to Henry the eight sister to Edward Elizabeth of famous memory Queene of England France Ireland sister to Edward Mary Iames of happie memory the sixt of that name king of Scotland in the yeare 1602 the whole issue of king Henry the eight being extinguished in Elizabeth succeeding in the kingdome of England and the dominions therevnto belonging son to Henry Stuart Lord Darly and Mary Queene of the Scots daughter to Iames the fift son to Iames the fourth Margaret eldest daughter to king Henry the seaventh the first sole Monarch of Great Britaine and of the neighbouring Ilands Charles king of Great Britaine France Ireland whom God long preserue sonne to Iames of happie memorie In this sort the Iland of Great Britaine having suffered so many alterations is at length now become devided into two onely kingdomes governed by one Monarch but not any wise depending or subordinate to another the kingdome of England lying vpon the South of the river Tweede Solwey Frith and the kingdome of Scotland lying beyond The kingdome of England our present subject hath beene formerly devided into 52 Shires or Counties Kent Sussex Surrey Barkeshire Hantshire Wiltshire Somersetshire Dorsetshire Devonshire Cornwall Glocestershire Oxfordshire Buckinghamshire Bedfordshire Hartfordshire Middlesex Essex Suffolke Norfolke Cambridgeshire Huntingdonshire Northamptonshire Rutlandshire Leicestershire Lincolneshire Nottinghamshire Darbyshire Cheshire Staffordshire Warwickshire Worcestershire Shropshire Herefordshire Monmouthshire Glamorganshire Brecknockshire Radnorshire Caermardenshire Penbrokeshire Cardiganshire Merioneihshire Caernarvonshire Anglesey Denbighshire Flintshire Lancashire Yorkeshire the Bishopricke of Durham Westmoreland Cumberland Northumberland Of these Kent retayneth yet the auncient name Essex Sussex haue bin thus called from the East South-Saxons Midlesex from the situation of the English or Dutch inhabitants planted betwixt the West South East Mercian Saxons Devonshire or Denshire from the Danmonij the auncient British inhabitants Westmoreland from the more Westerne position and quality of the countrey being hilly and full of fruitles wasts named Mores by the Northerne English Northumberland from the English kingdome of Northumberland whereof it was a part Rutlandshire most probably from the ruddie colour of the soile Barkeshire from the wood Berroc after Asser Menevensis Glamorganshire from the word Mor signifying the sea with the Britons or Welsh vpon which it lyeth Wiltshire and Somersetshire from Wilton and Somerton decayed townes sometimes the chiefe of the Shires Anglesey from the English since the possession hereof by the Nation Suth-rey or Surrey signifyeth with the English the Southerne kingdome a part of the kingdome of the South-Saxons Suffolke Norfolke the more Southerne and Northerne people compared thus together the parts sometimes of the kingdome of the East-Angles The occasion of the names of Cornwall and Cumberland we euen now related Merioneth was the auncient name given by the Welsh The reason hereof we finde not The rest haue beene named from the chiefe townes of each devision Their descriptions follow L. D. THE THIRD BOOKE Contayning the Chorographicall description of England KENT BOunded vpon the South and East with the English channell and the German Ocean vpon the North with the river Thames from Essex and vpon the West with Surrey and Sussex The country is hilly shaded with hedge-rowes woods populous and fruitfull planted with a frugall and industrious inhabitant The aire is thick and in many places agueish and vnholsome for this cause or in regard of some bad vapours from a wet cold and vnhealthfull ground Places of better note are Canterbury vpon the river Stour Darvernum of Ptolemy Durovernum of Antoninus Durovernia of Beda the chiefe towne and an Archbishops sea the Primate of the kingdome founded by Ethelbert the first Christian king of Kent in the person of S. Austine the Apostle of the English Vpon the Ocean Reculver a country village Regulbium of the Notitia the Station of the 1 Cohort named of the Vetasii Sandwich a Cinque Port. In the neighbouring fields stood the towne Rhutupiae of Ptolemy and Rhitupae of Antoninus the tract of whose streets are yet discovered by a more thin growth of corne in those places named S. Augustines crosse by the vulgar people a famous port of the Romans and the Mansion of their 2 d Legion surnamed Augusta drawne hither in the waine of that Empire from Isca Silurum now Caer Leon in South-Wales to defend the coast against the pyracies and incursions of the Saxons North hereof lyeth the I le of Tenet Thanatos of Ptolemy made by the river Stour here dividing and falling into the Ocean with two branches or channels The foreland a promontory of the Iland is named Cantium by Ptolemy in some editions corruptly Nucantium and Acantium Dover vnder the cliffs and where they divide Dubris of Antoninus and Dubrae of the the Notitia the Station of a foot company of the Tungricani a noted passage into France and one of the Cinque ports defended with a spacious and strong castle mounted vpon a high and praecipitous rocke commaunding the subject Ocean The Constable hereof is Warden of the Cinque ports The straight of the sea betwixt this and the Continent named by the French Le Pas de Calais by the Latines Fretum Caletanum containeth about 30 miles in breadth At the castle of Deale a low shore in the way towards Sandwich Caesar is thought to haue landed when he first invaded Britaine Along the cliffs Folkeston Hide a cinque port
meanes of this marriage the Earledome of Begorre Lordship of Bearn became annexed to the house of Navarra as they doe yet continue Francis Earle of Foix Begorre Lord of Bearn and king of Navarra son to Gaston prince of Viane son to Gaston the fourth and Leonora He dyed young sans issue Iohn duke of Albret in the right of his wife Catherine sister to Francis succeeding in the kingdome of Navarra the Earledome of Begorre and soveraigne Lordship of Bearn He lost Navarra vnto Ferdinand the fift and Elizabeth kings of Castille Aragon since incorporated with the kingdome of Castille retayning onely the countries of Begorre Bearne and the title of Navarra left vnto his successours Henry d' Albret titulary king of Navarra son to Iohn duke of Albret and Catherine Anthony de Bourbon duke of Vendosme prince of the blood in right of his wife Ioane d' Albret daughter to Henry d' Albret Earle of Begorre Lord of Bearn titulary king of Navarra Henry the third king of Navarra son to Anthony de Bourbon and Ioane d' Albret After the murther of Henry the third the last French king of the house of Valois â—e succeeded in the kingdome of France by the name of Henry the fourth being the next of the line masculine and descended from S. Lewes after infinite troubles mastered and ouerpast and a fast peace established in that kingdome slaine of late yeares in Paris by that bloody Assassine Ravaillart Lewes the thirteenth son to Henry the fourth succeeding now in the kingdome of France and in the right and title of Navarra THE KINGDOME OF ARAGON THE estate was begun shortly after that of Suprarbe or Navarra in the raigne of Garcias Innicus the second king of Suprarbe by one Aznarius son to Eudo the Great Duke of Aquitaine in France who hauing taken from the Moores certaine townes about the riuers Aragon and Subordanus by the good leaue of that Prince entitled himselfe from the riuer Earle of Aragon subiect then as were his successours for some time after vnto the kings of Suprarbe and commaunding here in nature of Marqueses In Fortunius sonne to Garcias Innicus king of Navarra and Vrraca sister to Fortunius Ximinius the last Earle hereof who deceased without issue the Earledome was annexed to the house and kingdome of Navarra King Sanctius the Great againe divided Aragon from Navarra giuing it with the title of king to his bastard sonne Ramir. The extent of the country was but little at what time vnder Ramir the first it was first made a kingdome By the time of king Ramir the second Saragoça Huescar and other townes being wonne from the Moores it became enlarged ouer the whole countrey called now Aragonia By the marriage of Petronilla daughter to Ramir the second vnto Raimund Berengarius the fift Earle of Barcelona in the yeare 1137 the country of Catalonia was added By Raimund son to Raimund Berengarius the fift the Earledome of Russillon By Iames the first the kingdomes of Valentia and of the Ilands of Mallorça and Menorça conquered from the Moores the present extent of the kingdome of Aragon In forreine parts Peter the third annexed to the house of Aragon the kingdome of Sicilye Iames the second the Iland of Sardinia Alfonsus the fift Naples all which the kings of Spaine in right hereof doe at this day enioy The Princes were Aznarius the first Earle of Aragon in the raigne of Garcias Innicus the second king of Suprarbe The country then onely contained certaine small townes about the riuer Aragon occasioning the name enlarging afterwards as did the conquests hereof Aznarius the second son to Aznarius the first Galindus son to Aznarius the second Semenus Aznarius son to Galindus slaine in the battaile of Ronceval against the Emperour Charles the Great Semenus Garcias vncle to Semenus Aznarius Fortunius Semenus or Ximinius He deceased without issue Fortunius king of Navarra Earle of Aragon in right from his mother Vrraca sister to Fortunius Semenus Sanctius Abarca king of Navarra brother to Fortunius king of Navarra succeeding in the Earledome of Aragon by the same right Garcias Sanctius king of Navarra son to Sanctius Abarca Sanctius Garcias and Ramir ioint kings of Navarra son to Garcias Sanctius Garcias the Trembler king of Navarra son to Sanctius Garcias Sanctius the Great king of Navarra and Earle of Castille son to Garcias the Trembler He againe divided Aragon from Navarra erecting it into a petty Kingdome in the person of Ramir his base son Ramir the first naturall son to Sanctius the Great King of Navarra the first King of Aragon advanced hereunto by his father at the earnest suite of his step-mother Elvira the defence of whose life and honour he had voluntarily vndertaken vniustly accused of adultery by her vnnaturall sonne Garcias de Nagera an honourable and iust beginning of afterwards so renowned and famous a Kingdome Sanctius the seauenth son to Ramir the first He was elected King of Navarra after Sanctius son to Garcias de Nagera Peter the first son to Sanctius the seauenth king of Aragon and Navarra Alfonsus the first King of Aragon and Navarra brother to Peter the first and son to Sanctius the seaventh Ramir the second surnamed the Monke King of Aragon brother to Peter the first and Alfonsus the first and to son to Sanctius the sevaenth Navarra by the wil of Alfonsus the first returned vpon the right heire thereof Ramir Earle of Mouçon descended from Garcias de Nagera The Kingdome of Aragon at this time contained onely the present country of Aragonia Raimund the first Earle of Barcelona in the right of his wife Petronilla daughter to Ramir the second succeeding in the Kingdome of Aragon In those two Princes the houses and estates of Aragon and Barcelona were vnited into one family and Kingdome Raimond the second King of Aragon son to Raimund the first and Petronilla Hee chaunged his name to Alfonsus Gerard the last Earle of Russillon deceasing without issue he added that Earledome to the dominion hereof Peter the second son to Raimund the second or Alfonsus Drawne on it is vncertaine by what superstitious zeale or necessity of state in the yeare 1214 he made the Kingdome of Aragon tributary to Pope Innocent the third and the See of Rome Repenting as it seemeth afterwards of this errour he tooke part with the Albigenses in France slaine in their quarrell by Simon Earle of Montfort and his crossed followers Iames the first son to Peter the second Hee tooke from the Moores their two Kingdomes of Valentia and of the Ilands of Malorça and Menorça remaining since parts of the Kingdome of Aragon He deceased in the yeare 1314. Peter the third son to Iames the first King of all the dominions of Aragon the Ilands of Malorça and Menorça excepted giuen with the title of King to Iames his yonger brother by his father Iames the first revnited notwithstanding not long after to the Kingdome of Aragon He married
called from the towne of Limburg first an Earledome afterwards made a Dukedome by one of the Henry Emperours By Iohn the first Duke of Brabant pretending some title hereunto it was conquered to the house of Brabant from Reinold the first Duke of Gelderlandt husband to Ermengarde the onely daughter of Herman the last Duke possessed now in this right by the Princes of Burgundy Austria The order and succession of the Princes we finde not THE EARLEDOME OF NAMVR NAmed thus from the chiefe towne thereof Namur The time when it first begun is vncertaine By Iohn or after others by Theodore or Theodoric the last Earle it was sold to Philip the Good Duke of Burgundy whose posterity the Pâ—inces of the house of Burgundy and Austria now enjoy it by that right THE EARLEDOME OF HAINAVLT IT tooke the name from the riuer Haine watering and dividing the country The estate is very auncient being sometime a part of the great Earledome of Ardenne from the which it was divided made a distinct Earledome in the person of Alberic surnamed the Orphelin one of the yongest sons of Brunulph Count of Ardenne dispossessed slain by Dagobert French King who restored dividing that country with his other brethren had this part giuen him with the title of Earle by Sigebert king of Austrasia to be held vnder the soveraignty of the French kings After long continuance and often change by Iaqueline the last Princesse wanting heires together with Holland Zealand and VVest-Freislandt vnited in that family it was surrendred vnto Philip the Good Duke of Burgundy her next kinsman in whose house the right and possession hereof now remaineth The Princes follow Alberic before mentioned one of the yonger sons of Brunulph Earle of Ardenne the first Earle of Hainault VVaultier the first son to Alberic VVaultier the second son to Waultier the first VVaultier the third son to Waultier the second He dyed without male issue Albon the first in right of his wife eldest daughter to Waultier the third Albon the second sonne to Albon the first and of the daughter of Waultier the third Manassier sonne to Albon the second Regnier the first son to Manassier Regnier the second son to Regnier the first Regnier the third son to Regnier the second Bauldwin Earle of Flanders in right of his wife Richilde sole daughter to Regnier the third Bauldwin the second son to Bauldwin Richilde aforesaid Hee succeeded only in the Earledome of Hainault Bauldwin the third son to Bauldwin the second Bauldwin the fourth son to Bauldwin the third Bauldwin the fift sonne to Bauldwin the fourth Bauldwin the sixt sonne to Bauldwin the fift Hee marryed vnto Margeret Countesse of Flanders by which meanes these two Earledomes were the second time vnited vnder one prince Bauldwin the seaventh sonne to Bauldwin the sixt and Margaret Earle of Flanders and Hainault Ioan eldest daughter to Bauldwin the seaventh Earle of Flanders Hainault She dyed sans issue having beene twise marryed to Ferdinand son to Sancius K. of Portugal to Thomas son to Thomas Earle of Savoy Margaret the second younger sister to Ioane aforesaid and daughter to Bauldwin the seaventh Countesse of Flanders and Hainault Shee married vnto William of Burbon Lord of Dampier brother to Archembauld Duke of Bourbon and deceased in the yeare 1279. Before her marriage she had by Buscart her Tutour or Guardian Prior of the Monasterie of S. Peter in L'isle a son named Iohn d'Avesnes by agreement consent of his other brethren succeeding in the Earledome hereof Flanders descending vpon the legitimate issue the heire of Margaret and William of Bourbon Lord of Dampierre Iohn d' Avesnes naturall son to Margaret the second and Buscart Earle of Hainault He marryed vnto Aleide daughter to Florentius the fourth and sister to the Emperour William Earles of Holland Iohn the second son to Iohn d'Avesnes and Aleide aforesaid After the decease of Iohn the first Earle of Holland without children in the yeare 1300 hee succeeded in the Earledomes of Holland Zealand and in the Lordship of West-Freisland continued still afterwards vnited in his successours William the first son to Iohn the second Earle of Hainault Holland Zealandt Lord of West-Freislandt William the second son to William the first He deceased without issue slaine at Staveren by the rebellious Frisons Margaret the third sister to William the second and wife to the Emperour Lewis of Bavaria Countesse of Hainault Holland Zealand and Lord of West-Freislandt Younger sister herevnto was Philippa Queene to Edward the third king of England Betwixt this princesse and her vnnaturall son William the third arose great quarrels contention about the possession hereof the oceasions of the factions d'Houc Cabelliau a long time after afflicting Holland the first taking part with the mother the other with the son the controversie at length being composed betwixt them the Empresse the mother being contented only with Hainault deceasing in the yeare 1355 and buried at Valenciens William the third younger son to the Emperour Lewis of Bavaria of Margaret aforesaid Earle of Hainault Holland Zealandt and Lord of West-Freislandt Tainted with this vnnaturall rebellion and wickednes against his mother he fell into a frensy wherein he languished for the space of 30 yeares deceasing without islue Albert the first son to the Emperour Lewis of Bavaria Margaret yonger brother to William the third during his sicknesse malady Governour of all the provinces of the Netherlands subject to the house of Bavaria Stephen the eldest son to the Emperour Lewis of Bavaria Margaret succeeded in the Dukedome of Bavaria William the fourth son to Albert the first Iaqueline daughter vnto William the fourth After long much trouble sundry vnfortunate and ill succeeding marriages shee resigned the Estates of Hainault Holland Zealand West-Frelslandt vnto Philip the Good Duke of Burgundy her next kinsman deceasing without issue Philip surnamed the Good sonne to Iohn Duke of Burgundy of Margaret daughter to Albert the first sister to William the fourth and aunt to Iaqueline by right of bloud and the resignation of Iaqueline Earle of Hollandt Zealandt and Hainault and Lord of West-Freislandt by whom these foure provinces were all brought vnto the house of Burgundy afterwards of Austria These Estates begun for the most part by the French seated in their part of Lorraine and first held vnder their right thorough the quarrels factions and sundry imperfections raigning in that nation haue since wholy withdrawne themselues from all subjection hereof acknowledging the soveraignety of the Dutch accompted part of their Empire and reckoned in their tenth circle of Burgundy At this day notwithstanding chiefely since their possession by the house of Burgundy thorough the no lesse sicknesse and maladies of the languishing German Empire they haue likewise freed themselues in a maner from all acknowledgment hereof neither suiting their Imperiall Court nor obeying the orders of their
The Princes Electours are they who haue the power to chuse the Emperour for this cause enioying praecedency and place before the other and making a seuerall house by themselues in the generall Diets These are the Arch-bishop of Mentz Chancelour of Germany the Arch-bishop of Colen Chancelour of Italy the Arch-bishop of Triers Chancelour of France the Counte Palatine of the Rhijn Sewer the Duke of Saxony chiefe Marshall of the Empire and the Marquesse of Brandenburg great Chamberlaine To these is added the King of Bohemia chiefe taster whose place is next aboue the Paltzgraue who hath the casting voice in case of aequality and difference amongst the six The Inferiour Princes whom I name and distinguish thus in regard of the praeheminence of the former because of their right of Election for otherwise some of them may equall or surpasse the other in riches and revenue comprehend againe two distinct rankes those of the Spirituality the Lay Princes The Cleargy who haue the right of Princes are the Arch-bishops and Bishops before mentioned together after Birtius with some thirty of the Abbots Priours and Abbatesses The Lay Princes containe sundry different names and titles of Arch-duke Duke Paltz-graue Lant-graue Burgraue Marques Prince Earle Baron and Lord. The more eminent sort of them for this cause placed in the diets amongst the cleargy before the Abbots are the Arch-dukes of Austria the Dukes of Bauaria Burgundy Lorraine Savoy Cleue Gulick Bergen Saxony Brunswijck Lunenburg PomereÌ„ Mecklenburg Wirtenberg Zweibruck Holstein Lawenburg the Lantgraues of Hessen Luchtenburg the Marquisats of BraÌ„deburg Baden the princes of Anhalt the Earles of HeÌ„neburg The lesser Saeculars ranked after the Abbots and Cleargy follow The Earles of HelfeÌ„stein Kirchberg Wisenstaig Lauffen Montfort Furstenberg Zimmeren Otingen Sultz Hohen-Zollerne Castel Vertheim Rheineck Hohenloe Erpach Leiningen Falkenstein Hanaw Luchtenberg Nassaw Breda Dillenborg Wilbaden and Iltstain Sarbruchen Waldtpurg Nassaw en Weilpurg Beilstein Koningstein Epstein Eisenburg the higher Eisenburg the Lower Mersen Budinghen Vinnerberg Solme of the Rhijn Horn Seyn Arsnberg Vintzlingen Reyen Bitch Salm Veldentz Dengen Rappin Hardeck Hohenstein Wolkenstein Schaumburg Giengen Dierenburg Mullingen Gleichen Schwartzenberg Schonberg Iude the same Lord en Ruech Pless Weda Ringelburg Olnburg Loebestain Regenstain West-Friestandt Oost-Freislandt Lippe OldeÌ„burg Delmenhorst Hoya Westenburg Lemgow Waldeck Diepholt Steinfort BentheÌ„ BruÌ„chorst Wergestein Spigerberg Bivers dorff Tekelnberg Dortmund Winsdorff Ortenberg Hagen Hoonfels Leiseneck BergeÌ„ Manderscheid Reiferscheid Egmont Iselstein Tubingen BlaÌ„kenberg and Kirchingen the Marchgraue Ebetstain the Barons Gundelfingen Geroltzeck Ober-hewen Rapotzkirchen Stauffen Plawen Degenberg Ober-Sultzberg Bergen and Waelhem Hauere Wildenfels and Tautenberg the Lords Tussen Stutgart Iustingen and Schenslingen Hohen-Richperg Hohenfeldt and Tipoltzkick Braides Sonnenberg Reichelspurg Limburg Falkestein Kunseck Kunseckerberg Geraw Reichenstein Muntzenburg Loffenstain Ridberg Linges Somiriss Senster Roggendorff Alendorf Kuning fuckerberg Morspurg Brandestain and Rausse Wolfstein Permont Fronsbeck Flackenstein and Witten The Imperiall townes are such which exempted from the command of the Princes immediatly acknowledge the Empire gouerned notwithstanding in manner of absolute common-wealths by their owne lawes and magistrates They are the citties and townes of Colen Aken Worms Spire Strasburg Francfurt Lubec Hamburg Vlme Auspurg Noremberg Regenspurg Costnitz Metz Toul Verdun Basil Besanton Duisburg Danzick Elbingen Turckheim Hagenaw Weissenburg Ober-Ebestain Roshaim Schlestat Colmar Altach Kaisersburg Mulhausen in Sungow S. Gregoris Munster Landaw Kausmans-Sarbruck Camerick Fridberg Wideraw Gelnhaâ—sen Gosler Gottingen Barkel Wartburg Lemgow Rotterburg vpon Tauber Weissenburg in Nortgow Donawerd Winshaim Schweinfurt Wimpsen Hailbrun Hal Norlingen Dinkelspuel Giengen BopsingeÌ„ Gemundt in Schwaben Estingen Yssui Lewkirch MeÌ„mingeÌ„ Kempten Weil Pfullendorff Kaufbeurn Northausen Vberlingen WangeÌ„ Buchorn RaueÌ„spurg Bibrach Lindaw OffeÌ„burg Gengenbach Rotweil Zel Hamersbach Schaffhausen S. Gal Buchaw Of these 3 estates assembled together with the Emperour coÌ„sist the Parliaments Diets wherein as in some aggregate chiefe lyeth that soueraigne power we now called of the Empire in whose onely right and free disposition it is to giue lawes vnto the princes and states to determine of generall warre and peace to lay taxes and impositions vpon the people to appoint iudges and magistrats of the empire with all other rights appertayning to absolute and soueraigne iurisdiction They are most commonly appoin in the preceding Diets or in cases extraordinary by the Emperour and the Electours in such citties as are thought for the time most fitting containing three seuerall houses of the Electours of the Princes Ecclesiasticall and Temporall and of the delegates of the townes Imperiall after the number and order of the states before mentioned the matters propounded being carried according to the maior part hereof which are any two houses against the third and these seuerally by a maior part of their voices Vnder this authority is held the Imperiall court at Spire ordained for the putting of the lawes hereof in execution and otherwise for the legall determining of all suits and controuersies which may happen betwixt state and state these and the Emperour although both these most commonly are now decided by armes and betwixt priuate persons in euery particular commoÌ„-wealth from whence appeale may be made hither consisting saith Bodin of 24 judges appointed by the Diets or after others of an annuall president and 32 judges whereof six are chosen by the Emperour who are two princes two lawiers two knights holding of the Empire one by each Electour and two by each circle halfe Lawiers and halfe knights Besides this here are the Courts of the ten Circles which are so many provinces the generall state since the Diet of Noremberg in the yeare 1422 hath beene diuided into of Frankenlandt Bayerne Ostenreich Schwaben the Rhijn the 4 Electours of this limit Westphalen the two Saxonies BurguÌ„dy which are for the ordering of the special occurreÌ„ces proper to these diuisions the speedier more easie executioÌ„ of the imperiall edicts directed by one chiefe iudge who must be a prince of the empire 4 CouÌ„cellours assistants all of the Laity chosen out of their seueral Provinces or Circles From this policie and order we may gather the nature strength and condition of this great body of state huge and vast like the people but slow and vnweildy since not to be moved but by direction of the Diets which cannot easily or quickly be called neither are obeyed but as it shall please the cities and princes or as the Emperour shall haue power to constraine them We adde the sundry factions necessarily attending this divided goverment or otherwise casually hapning herevnto disabling the country well to preserue and defend it selfe much lesse to enlarge its bounds and to encroach and grow vpon others A first is betwixt the states and the Emperour whereof this might endeavour to encrease and mainetaine his prerogatiues the other to keepe downe his too eminent authority for this cause being vnwilling to assist him
of Imperiall townes Dukedomes Earledomes and pettie Baronies The estates of chiefer note partly arising out of those ruines and partly before this maine dissolution divided and cut off from the great body hereof were the Dukedome of Zeringen the Earledomes of Habspurg Pfirt Friburg and Elsass the Marquisate of Baden the Dukedome of Wirtenberg and the Palatinate of the Rhijn whereof part are at this day extinguished and not in being part yet remaine of which in the next place THE DVKEDOME OF ZERINGEN This took the name from a Castle thus called whose ruines are yet seen nere vnto the towne of Friburg in Brisgow The Princes thus named were sometimes Lords of Brisgow with a great part of moderne Zwitzerlandt Of these we finde much mention in the Dutch and French Antiquaries but obscure and confused The last Duke of Zeringen was Berchtold a name affected by this familie deceasing in the yeare 1218 vpon the birth-day of the Emperour Rodulph the first What became of the possessions hereof it will appeare afterwards THE EARLEDOME OF HABSPVRG This was so called from a Castle of this name standing sometimes vpon the river Aar in Argow in Switzerlandt now ruinated It contained Argow or the greatest part thereof The Princes hereof after Gerard de Roo were first named Earles of Altemburg or of Argow the first of whom whereof there is any certaine mention was one Guntram living about the yeare 950. It was after that this Castle was builded that they were entitl'd Earles of Habspurg From Guntram they were continued as followeth Betzelinus Earle of Altemburg sonne to Guntram Rapato sonne to Betzelinus conjectured by Gerard de Roo to haue first founded the castle of Habspurg and to haue taken vpon him the title of Earle of Habspurg Warnerus the first Earle of Habspurg sonne to Rapato Otho son to Warnerus the first Warnerus the second son to Otho Albert the first sonne to Warnerus the second Rodulph the first son to Albert the first Albert the second son to Rodulph the first He laid to the possessions of the house of Habspurg the Vpper Elsatz Rodulph the second son to Albert the second created afterwards Roman Emperour by the name of Rodulph the first Falling at odds with Ottocarus king of Bohemia he tooke from him the countries of Austria Steirmarck Karnten and Krain with other neighbouring peeces which he then lately had got seazed of since possessed by this familie the first raiser of the house of Habspurg since named of Austria the most numerous great and potent of Europe at this day branching over the most part of the princely houses of Christendome whereof more eminently amongst others are the German Emperours and the Kings of Spaine THE EARLEDOME OR ADVOCATESHIP OF FRIBVRG This comprehendeth Brisgow named thus from the towne of Friburg the cheife of the country The Princes hereof succeeded vnto the Dukes of Zeringen but by what meanes and who was the first it is vncertaine Eggon the last Earle or Advocate of Friburg turmoiled with civill warres of his rebellious subiects sold his whole right and interest hereof for 12000 Ducats to Albert and Leopold Archdukes of Austria and sonnes to Albert the Short whose successours of the house of Austria are now Lords hereof THE DVKEDOME OF PFIRT THis contained Sungow was named thus from the towne of Pfirt yet standing herein When this Earledome began we finde not Vlric the last Earle deceasing without heire male the estate became seazed by Albert surnamed the Short Archduke of Austria in right of his wife Ioane daughter herevnto Vrsula the other sister being compounded with for her part for the summe of 8000 crownes By this meanes the Princes of the house of Austria vnto this day haue continued in the possession hereof THE DVKEDOME OF WIRTENBERG THis was first a petty Earledome containing only the Castle of Wirtenberg standing now not farre from the towne of Stutgard the Neccar with some little portion of country about it occasioning the name It encreased to its present greatnes through the addition of sundry neighbouring states accruing to the princes hereof by marriages purchase and armes and their ancient names abolished vniting into this common These were after Crusius the Dukedome of Teck whereof the princes are yet entitled and of Vrslingen Schiltach the Earledomes of Calb Tubingen Gryningen Vrach Achellen Vahingen Herrenbergen and Aspergen together with the Baronnyes of Niffen Winspergen Hohen-stauffen Ebenspachen and Helfenstein Birtius addeth Zabergow Kreichgow and Zolleren The Princes follow Conrade the first which we can finde of the Earles of Wirtenberg descended from the ancient Barous of Beutelspach and living about the yeare 1100 in the raigne of the Emperour Henry the fourth Vlric the first sonne to Conrade Iohn son to Vlric the first Lewis son to Iohn Henry son to Lewis Eberhard son to Henry Vlric son to Eberhard Eberhard and Vlric sons to Vlric Vlric and Henry sons to Eberhard Eberhard and Vlricke sons to Vlric Vlrick son to Eberhard Eberhard son to Vlrick Eberhard son to Eberhard This Prince having marryed Henrica daughter to Henry Earle of Mompelgard augmented his house with that Earledome Lewis and Vlric sons to Eberhard Eberhard son to Lewis first Duke of Wirtenberg created by the Emperour Maximilian the first He founded the Vniversity of Tubingen He dyed without surviving lawfull heires Eberhard and Henry sons to Vlric brother to Lewis father to Eberhard the first Duke Vlric son to Henry expulsed by the confederate states of the Suevian League his Dukedome by the Emperour Charles the Fift being given to his brother Ferdinand Archduke of Austria restored againe by the armes of Philip Lantgraue of Hessen His younger brother George succeeded in the Earledome of Mompelgard Christopher son to Vlric Lewis son to Christopher He deceased without issue Fredericke son to George Earle of Mompelgard brother to Vlric the house or succession of Vlric being extinguished in Lewis succeeding in the Dukedome Iohn-Fredericke son to Fredericke now Duke of Wirtenberg THE PALATINATE OF THE RHIIN COncerning this state see France THE MARQVISATE OF BADEN THe estate was occasioned by the Emperour Otho the third ordaining in this frontire against the Frenchmen a Limenarch or Marquesse in continuance of time becomming haereditary and named thus of the towne of Baden his seat or residence The first Marquesse after Irenicus was one Herman liuing about the yeare 1120. agreeing with the time of the Emperour Henry the fift more probably the first who deriued this title and honour to his issue and succession Others more distinctly place this Herman in the yeare 1155 and in the raigne of Fredericke Barbarossa created Marquesse by this Emperour The Princes continuing the house follow Herman the first before mentioned Marquesse of Verona created Marquesse of the Empire by the Emperour Fredericke the first He is said to haue maried Imutha daughter to a former Earle of Baden From the towne of Baden their first seat the Princes
the Rhijn Lewis the first Duke of Bavaria son to Otho Otho the second son to Lewis the first Marrying vnto Gertrude sole daughter vnto Henry Count Palatine of the Rhijn he added to his house the Palatinat Electorship of the Rhijn created Paltzgraue and Electour by the Emperour Fredericke the second Henry Duke of Bavaria and Count Palatine of the Rhijn sonne to Otho the second Lewis the second Duke of Bavaria and Count Palatine of the Rhijn sonne to Otho the second and brother vnto Henry Lewis the third Duke of Bavaria sonne to Lewis the second Hee was elected Roman Emperour and deceased in the yeare 1347. His elder brother Rodulph had for his share the Palatinate of the Rhijn and Nortgow or the vpper Palatinate together with the title of Electour the founder of the house of the present Paltzgraues and Electours Stephen Duke of Bavaria sonne to the Emperour Lewis of Bavaria His brothers William and Albert were successiuely Earles of Haynault Hollandt and Zealandt and Lords of West-Frieselandt Lewis another brother succeeded in the Marquisate and the Electourall dignity of Brandenburg Stephen of Ingolstadt Iohn of Munchen and Fridericke of Landshut named thus from such parts of the Dukedome they possessed Dukes of Bavaria sonnes to Stephen the first Ernest Duke of Bavaria son to Iohn of Munchen Albert surnamed the Godly sonne to Ernest. Albert the second son to Albert the first William sonne to Albert the second Albert the third sonne to William William sonne to Albert the third Maximilian and Albert sonnes to William the second Dukes of Bavaria in the yeare 1610. The rest of those who haue borne the title of Dukes of Bavaria and haue deceased without issue or not continued the house in regard of our promised methode wee omit Hereof were sometimes parts the Dukedomes of Steirmark Karnten and Earledome of Tirol with part of Austria whose relations follow THE DVKEDOME OF AVSTRIA THis State was first occasioned vpon the warres of the Hungarians who vexing Germanie with continuall excursions and alarums during the raignes of the Emperours Lewis the fourth Conrade Henry the first were the cause that there were ordained by these Princes in the border of the Empire betwixt this enimie and the Bavarians certaine limitary prefects to defend that frontiere from Oosten-reich or the Easterne kingdome by which name Germany was then distinguished from France of whose limit they were Guardians called then the Marquesses of Oosten-reich and by Latin writers corruptly Austrasia and Austria becomming afterwards haereditary and deriving this their title and name to the country now thus called accruing vnto them by their conquests and winnings from the Hungarians and by their after encroachments vpon the Dukes of Bavaria Vnto the Princes of this familie the most potent at this day through the Christian world are now subiect the Kingdomes of Spaine of the Indies Naples Sicilie Bohemia and Hungary the great Dukedomes of Milan Schlesi Steirmarke Karnten and Krain the Marquisates of Lausnitz and Marheren the Earledomes of Burgundie and Tirol Brisgow Sungâ—w the vpper Elsatz the greatest part of the Low Countries together with the kingdome of Germanie and the Empire of the Romans They were first as before stiled Marquesses then Dukes and now lastly Archdukes Their order and succession follow Leopold surnamed the illustrious sonne to Henry Earle of Bamberg descended from the Dukes of Schwaben the first Marquesse of Austria deriving the title and honour hereof to his ofspring and posterity the former after the custome of those times being only but such Leiftenants or Deputies of the Emperours created by the Emperour Henry the first about the yeare 928. Henry the first sonne to Leopold the Illustrious Albert sonne to Henry the first Ernest sonne to Albert. Leopold the second sonne to Ernest. Leopold the third sonne to Leopold the second Leopold the fourth sonne to Leopold the third Henry the second sonne to Leopold the fourth Marquesse of Austria and Duke of Bavaria He was the first Duke of Austria and added to the name and account hereof the country betwixt the rivers Ens and Inn giuen vnto him by the Emperour Fredericke Barbarossa in lieu of the Dukedome of Bavaria adiudged from him vnto Henry surnamed the Lion Duke of Saxonie Leopold the fift Duke of Austria brother to Henry and sonne to Leopold the fourth Hee most iniuriously detained prisoner Richard the first king of England in his voyage homewards out of the Holy Land suffering shipwrack vpon the coast of Istria and surprised travelling disguised through his country Hee added to the house of Austria the Dukedome of Steirmark purchased from Ottacarus the last Duke with the mony gotten by the ransome of the king of England Fredericke the first Duke of Austria sonne to Leopold the fift His elder brother Leopold succeeded in the Dukedome of Steirmarck He deceased without heires of his body Leopold the sixt eldest sonne to Leopold the fift and brother to Fredericke the first Duke of Austria and Steirmarck Fredericke the second Duke of Austria and Steirmarck sonne to Leopold the sixt Hee deceased sans issue in whom failed the line masculine of Leopold the Illustrious the two Provinces of Austria and Steirmarck becomming after this vsurped by stranger families Ottocarus sonne to Wenceslaus the first king of Bohemia by the pretended right of his wife Margaret daughter to Leopold the sixt succeeding in both Dukedomes Hee became likewise seazed of the countries of Karnten Krain and Marca Trevisana sold by Vlric their last Prince Overmatched by the greater power of the Emperour Rodulph the first hee quitted vnto him and the Empire all these his new got possessions vpon a new quarrell not long after slaine by him in battle at the riuer of Marckh Rodulph the first Emperour of the Romans and king of Germany by right of warre of the Empire Lord of Austria Steirmarck Karnten Krain and Marca Trevisana gotten from Ottocarus In the yeare 1283 by consent of the estates of the Empire assembled in a Diet at Auspurg hee divided these countries and other his hereditary possessions amongst his two sonnes Albert Rodulph and Meinard Earle of Tirol his brother in law whereof Albert the elder brother had Austria Steirmarck and Krain Rodulph Argow the vpper Elsatz and other peeces in Schwaben the proper inheritance of the house of Habspurg with the title of Duke of Schwaben and Meinard Karnten and Marca Trevifana Albert the first eldest sonne to the Emperour Rodulph the first Duke of Austria Steirmarck and Krain of the familie of Habsping created in the yeare 1283. After the decease of his father hee was elected Emperour of the Romans and king of Germanie Hee was slaine by Iohn sonne to his brother Rodulph Duke of Schwaben whose guardian hee had beene in his minoritie discontented with him for detaining his inheritance from him Rodulph created the first Archduke in a Diet held at Nurenberg Frederick the third Leopold the seauenth Henry the third Otho surnamed the
afterwardes to its present extent and greatnesse by the dayly winnings and encroachings of the Marqueses vpon the Sclaves The Marqueses like vnto the other Princes of Germany were at the first but such officers of the Emperours By the free grace hereof they became hereditary Princes and Electours of the Empire which honour they still retaine Their order and succession follow Sigifrid Earle of Ringelheim the first Marques set over this border about the yeare 927 by the Emperour Henry the first Gero appointed by the Emperour Otho the first Bruno Earle of Within appointed by the same Emperour Hugh son to Bruno appointed by the Emperour Otho the third Sigard brother to Hugh appointed by the same Emperour About this time the Marqueses began to be Electours Theodoric son to Sigard driven out by Mistivoius prince of the Sclaves Obotriti The Sclaves beaten out Vdo the first Earle of Soltwedel by the gift of the Emperour Conrade the second Vdo the second son to Eudo the first He was proscribed by the Emperour Henry the fourth conspiring against him with Rodulph Duke of Schwaben His country was given and seazed vpon by Primislaus king of the Obotriti Albert surnamed Vrsus prince of Anhalt after the decease of Primislaus king of the Obotriti created Marques and Electour of Brandenburg by the Emperour Fredericke Barbarossa He much augmented and encreased the Marquisate by his great conquests vpon the Sclaves and his plantation of Dutch colonies in their forsaken and vninhabited countries Otho the first son to Albert surnamed Vrsus His brother Bernard was created Electour and Duke of Saxony by the Emperour Fredericke Barbarossa succeeding vnto Duke Henry surnamed the Lion Otho the second Electour and Marques of Brandenburg son to Otho the first He deceafed without issue Albert the second Electour and Marques of Brandenburg brother to Otho the second Iohn the first son to Albert the second Iohn the second son to Iohn the first He deceased without surviving issue Conrade the first Electour and Marques of Brandenburg brother to Iohn the second Iohn the third son to Conrade the first He dyed without issue Waldemar the first brother to Iohn the third He dyed without issue male Waldemar the second son to Henry surnamed with land brother to Waldemar the first and Iohn the third Of this prince likewise wee finde no heires Iohn the fourth brother to Waldemar the second He died without issue the last Marques and Electour of Brandenburg of the family of Anhalt Lewis son to the Emperour Lewis of Bauaria created by his father Marques and Elector of Brandenburg the house of Anhalt being extinguished in Iohn the fourth Desirous of ease troubled with the impostures of a false Waldemar he resigned over his right to his brother Lewis surnamed the RomaÌ„ Lewis surnamed the RomaÌ„ son to the Emperour Lewis of Bauaria He draue out the CouÌ„terfeit Waldemar deceased without heires of his Body Otho the third Electour Marques of Brandenburg son to the Emperour Lewis of Bauaria and brother to the two former Leweses He sould the Marquisate and country of Brandenburg for 200000 duckats of Hungary vnto the Emperour Charles the fourth Wenceslaus Marques and Elector of Brandenburg and afterwards Emperour of the Romans and king of Bohemia by the gift of his father the Emperour Charles the fourth Sigismond sonne to the Emperour Charles the fourth and brother to Wenceslaus Emperour of the Romans king of Bohemia and Hungary and Marques and Electour of Brandenburg The better to furnish himselfe for his warres against the rebellious Hungarians and Charles king of Naples chalenging and vsurping the kingdome of Hungary he sould the Marquisate of Brandenburg vnto Iodocus Marques of Morauia redeemed afterwards by him from William Marques of Meissen to whom the Marques of Morauia had pawned it and in the councell of Constance in the yeare 1417 giuen to Fredericke Burgraue of Nurenberg for reward of his faithfull service in the warres of Bohemia and Huâ—gary paying vnto him onely 408000 Florens in lieu of the charges he had beene at Frederick Burgraue of Nurenburg Marques and Elector of Brandenburg by the gift of the Emperour Sigismond Frederick the second Marques and Elector of Brandenburg younger sonne to Frederick the first the elder brother Iohn surnamed the Alchymist neglected and passed ouer as lazye and vnfit to gouerne He had giuen vnto him the Dukedome of Stetin by the Emperour Frederick the third vpon composition relinquished shortly after to Bugslaus the tenth by his brother Albert reseruing onely the title and armes of the Dukes of Pomeren maintained yet by the house of Brandenburg He also obtained of the king of Poland the vpper Lausnitz surrendred afterwards Cotbus and some few other townes excepted to George king of Bohemia He deceased without suruiuing heires Albert the first brother to Frederick the second Marques and Electour of Brandenburg Iohn-Magnus son to Albert the first Ioachim the first sonne to Iohn-Magnus Ioachim the second Electour and Marques of Brandenburg sonne to Ioachim the first Iohn-George sonne to Ioachim the second Ioachim-Frederick sonne to Iohn-George Iohn-Sigismund sonne to Ioachim-Frederick He married vnto Anne daughter to Albert-Frederick Marques of Brandenburg and Duke of Prussen and to Mary-Leonor daughter to William the first Duke of Cleue and Iuliers George-William sonne to Iohn Sigismond and to Anne before mentioned now Marques Electour of Brandenburg Duke of Pomeren Stetin the Cassubians and Vandals Prussen Cleve Iuliers and Bergen Earle of Marck and Ravenspurg and Lord of Ravenstein The Marqueses of this house not Electours in regard of their number and to avoide confusion we let passe THE DVKEDOME OF POMEREN THe country was thus named from the Pamortzi or Pomerani the inhabitants thereof and these from their situation bordering vpon the sea for thus the words doe signifie in the Sclavonian tongue Helmolduâ— who lived in the raigne of the Emperour Fredericke Barbarossa confineth the name of the Pomerani within the Odera contained betwixt that river and the Wixel At this day their accompt and name is farther extended enlarged beyond the Odera Westward vnto the river Bartzee and the borders of the Dukedome of Mecklenburg Cromerus relateth this people with the whole nation of the Sclaves Winithi to haue sometimes beene subject to the Princes of Poland severed from their immediate commaunde and jurisdiction by meanes of the division of the dominions hereof amongst the numerous issue of Lescus the third Duke of Poland in the raigne of the Emperour Charles the Great More certainely after Helmoldus they were subdued and made tributary to the Poles by king Boleslaus in the raigne of the Emperour Otho the third vnder whose right and souerainety they remained vntill the Emperour Frederick Barbarossa when leauing the side of the Polanders they were hereby annexed to the Germanes their princes Bugslaus and Casimir created then Dukes and made princes of the Empire the occasion and beginning of the present Dukedome The order of the Princes
points A maine controuersie betwixt them was the celebration of Easter of whom the Britons from whom the Picts and Scots did not much differ observed the 14 day after the New-moone in March or the first Moneth following the custome of the Church of Asia and pretending the practice of Saint Iohn the Evangelist and the Romans with the English and others the Sunday after the 14 day alleadging an Apostolicall tradition a scruple then much disturbing the peace of Christendome and disputed of in sundry Synods No lesse was the controversie but long afterwards and amongst the English themselues betwixt the married vnmarried Priests in the raignes of Edwy Edgar Edward the Martyr Etheldred Monarches of the English-Saxons as likewise after the conquest of the Normans for vntill this time Priests were married adiudged against the married Priests through the pretended miracles of S. Dunstan a great vpholder of the Monkish faction the sentence of Pope Hildebrand in the yeare 1074 and raigne of William the Conquerour and lastly for yet notwithstanding the Popes interdict the Priests still kept their wiues by Anselmus Arch-bishoppe of Canterbury and a Synod then held at London in the raigne of King Henry the first In the raigne of great Egbert and about the yeare 829 breake in the merciles and Pagan Danes through whom and the many Popish errours which already had crept in religion is againe eclypsed Their Idol was Thur giuing afterwards the name of Thursday to the fourth day of the weeke By holy Alfred Edward the Seniour and Athelstan the second they are at length subdued and for the time either expulsed the Country or brought vnder the English and Christian yoake By this time the long aspiring Papacy had gotten the vpper hand ouer the rest of the Churches of the West and princes people divine and humane Lawes here as in all other places are made subject to the sole will and free arbitration hereof By Pope Alexander the second the Normans are authorized to vsurpe the Crowne of England Edgar and the Saxon line the right heires excluded and the oppressed English disabled for making resistance terrified and kept in by Papall cursings By Innocent the third King Iohn is made vassall to the pretended Apostolique sea surrendring his Crowne and resuming the same againe to be held vnder the fee and tribute of the Popes The Christian world hauing beene long abused Iohn Wiclef a soecular Diuine of the Vniversity of Oxford and Rectour of Lutterworth in Leicester shire in the raignes of Edward the third and Richard the second first to any effect opposeth against the tyranny hereof and those errours and impostures which antiquity superstitious and improvident zeale and their ambition and avarice had obtruded vpon religion fauoured by Iohn of Gaunt Duke of Lancaster Henry Lord Percy the Chancelour and body of the Vniuersity sundry Regulars and Priests the Londoners and multitudes of the Common and Lay people besides England spreading his opinions ouer the neighbouring Germany the authour of the reformation of the Hussits amongst the Bohemians withstood by the Praelates and Monkes thundred against by Bulls of the Pope sent to the King the Bishops and Vniversity and condemned by the Councell of Constance the liue bodies of Husse and Hierome of Prage and the bones of Wicleffe in detestation of their pretended heresie being burnt by the order of that Synod The positions hereof are to be read in the history of Walsingham but mingled with many falsities and vntruthes through the malice of that relater a Monke and of those times no friends to his cause What more rightly they were is better seene in the confession of the Hussits or Bohemians arising from hence moulded after his doctrine Now begun the ancient holy and grand-esteeme of the Church to asswage and coole superstition to be vnmasked the Papall power to grow suspected his censures to become more vile the wealth and great reuenues of the Monks and Cleargie to be envyed and their liues and actions to be scanned and looked into by a more narrow censorious eye In the raigne of King Richard the second a petition is exhibited by Parliament for the taking away of all their temporall possessions not assented vnto and reiected by that plaine and well meaning prince The like is attempted by two other Parliaments in the raigne of Henry the fourth and Henry the fift pretending their abuse and better imployment in the reliefe of the poore the maintenance of Esquires Knights and Lords and the seruice of the King lastly diuerted the suppression of Monasteries excepted belonging vnto strangers through the wisedome of Henry Chichlie Arch-bishop of Canterbury proposing the more honourable French warres and declaring the vndoubted right of the Prince to that Crowne By king Henry the eight provoaked by the excommunication and rash censures of Pope Clement the seaventh the Papall authority is abolished through the Realme and the power and title of supreame head of the English Church assumed and entayled vpon his successours some abuses about images and the Scriptures and prayers in an vnknowne tongue in part reformed and Monasteries and religious houses stiffe abetters of the Romish Hierarchie to the great astonishment of the world vtterly razed and demolished and their whole possessions whether Temporalties or tithes offerings the vndoubted rights of the Church escheated to the Crowne and fold or giuen to lay persons through passion avarice or his zeale against the many vices and enormities of the Monkes or to engage the laity without which possibly he could not haue withstood so great a danger in his warre against the Papacy and Cleargie partakers with him of their spoyles Vnder Edward the sixt religion is more fully established and the Church purged from errours and superstition the Masse and the rest of the 6 bloudy articles of his father abrogated images pulled downe the holy Eucharist administred vnder both kinds and the Scripture and deuine seruice read in the vulgar language yet done not without much rapine and iniurie committed vnder pretence of reformation the sacred monuments of the dead in Churches defaced and Bishoppricks Collegiate Churches Hospitalls and Almes-houses being robbed of their reuenewes by sacrilegious greatnes during the licentious raigne of that most hopefull but young pupill king By Queene Mary a great strength to whose title was the dispensatition and authority hereof Religion is againe made vassall to the sea of Rome and the power and iurisdiction of the Pope restored with condition notwithstanding that the lands and goods lately taken from the Cleargy should remaine to their lay possessours without which caution the Nobility and Commons in Parliament whose ioynt interest this was would not giue their consent persecution raging soone after with fresh furie and the whole kingdome flaming with fires and gashly sights of burning Martyrs Queene Elizabeth of famous memory gaue
Diets neither yeelding any ayde or service to the Emperour with the provinces of Flanders Artois subject only to their owne princes the Dukes of Burgundy Austria THE EARLEDOME of HOLLAND and ZEALAND THey were thus named from their low maritime situations Vexed with the pyracyes of the Normans about the yeare 857 for their better defence they were first giuen with this title together with the neighbouring countrie of the Frisons vnto Theodoric son to Sigebert prince of Aquitania by the Emperour Charles the Bauld By Arnulph their fourth prince quitting the French alleagiance they were first made subiect to the fief and soveraignttie of the Dutch Emperours In Iohn the second they became added to the house of Hainault In VVilliam the third to the house of Bavaria In Philip the Good to the familie of Burgundy In Philip the second to the house of Austria wherein now the right remaineth In the raigne of Philip the second king of Spaine and the third of that name Duke of Burgundy occasioned thorough their difference in Religion and the rough goverment of his Spanish officers together with the provinces of Vtreicht Over-Ysel Gelderland VVest-Freislandt Groningen they shoke off the yoake of their princes after about 40 yeares warre treated withall and acknowledged as free estates by his son Philip the third Their Princes follow Theodoric son to Sigebert prince of Aquitania first Earle of Holland and Zealand and Lord of West-Freisland in the raigne by the gift of the Emperour Charles the Bauld Theodoric the second son to Theodoric the first Theodoric the third son to Theodoric the second Arnulph son to Theodoric the third slaine against the Frisons with whom still rebelling this prince his successours had often and continuall war Hee made subject these provinces to the soveraignety of the German Emperours Theodoric the fourth son to Arnulph Theodoric the fift son to Theodoric the fourth He dyed sans issue Florentius the first son to Theodoric the fourth and brother to Theodoric the fift Theodoric the sixt son to Florentius the first In the minority hereof Rupert Earle of Flanders second husband to his mother Gertrude and protectour herevnto being overcome driven out the countries hereof are vsurped seazed vpon by Godfrey surnamed le Bossu Duke of Lorraine slaine by treason in the yeare 1075 accompted by some amongst the Earles of Holland Zealand Florentius the second son to Theodoric the sixt Theodoric the seaventh son to Florentius the second Florentius the third son to Theodoric the seaventh Theodoric the eight son to Florentius the third Hee deceased without male issue Ada daughter to Theodoric the eight marryed vnto Lewis Earle of Lossen driven out by William Earle of East-Friesland She dyed without heires William the first Earle of East-Freisland brother to Theodoric the eight and vncle vnto Ada Earle of Holland Zealand Lord of West-Freisland Florentius the fourth son to William the first It was Margaret daughter herevnto and wife to Herman Earle of Henneberg who is so famous in the Dutch histories for her monstrous birth of 365 children christned altogether by the names of Iohn Elizabeth by Guy Suffragan of Vtreicht deceasing vpon the same day with their mother in the yeare 1276 and buried at Losdun neere vnto the Hage whose monument epitaphe are there yet to be seene William the second son to Florentius the fourth He was elected Roman Emperour slaine by the rebellious Frisons Florentius the fift son to William the second He marryed vnto Beatres daughter to Guy Earle of Flanders by whom he had in way of dowry the whole right given vnto him which the Earles of Flanders chalenged in the Iland of Walcheren Zealand for a long time controversed betwixt the two houses Meyerus in his historie of Flanders would haue him to haue beene the first Earle of Holland who should take vpon him the title and name of Earle of Zealand Iohn the first son to Florentius the fift Hee marryed vnto Elizabeth daughter to Edward the second King of England deceased without issue in the yeare 1300 the last Earle of Holland Zealand Lord of West-Freisland of the house of Aquitaine Iohn the second Earle of Hainault son to Iohn d'Avesnes Alâ—ide or Adelheide daughter to Florentius the fourth sister to the Emperour William Earle of Holland Zealand Lord of West-Freisland William the third son to Iohn the second William the fourth son to William the third slaine at Staveren against the Frisons in the yeare 1345 sans issue Margaret eldest daughter to William the third sister to William the fourth the last princesse of the house of Hainault She marryed vnto the Emperour Lewis of Bavaria William the fift younger son to Margaret of Hainault to the Emperour Lewis of Bavaria Hee dyed phrenetique without issue noted for his rebellion disobedience towards his mother His elder brother Stephen succeeded in the Dukedome of Bavaria from whom haue descended the present Dukes of Bavaria Albert son to the Emperour Lewis of Bavaria of Margaret of Hainault younger brother to William the fift William the sixt son to Albert. Iaqueline daughter to William the sixt Shee dyed without issue the last princesse of the house of Bavaria Countesse of Holland Zealand Hainault aâ—d Lord of West-Freislandt Philip the Good Duke of Burgundy son to Iohn Duke of Burgundy of Margaret daughter to Albert sister to William the sixt Charles surnamed the Fighter Duke of Burgundy sonne to Philip the Good slaine by the Switzers Lorrainers before Nancie Marie daughter to Charles surnamed the Fighter the last princesse of the house or name of Burgundy Countesse of Holland Zealand Hainault and Lord of West-Freislandt Shee marryed vnto Maximilian the first Arch-duke of Austria and afterwards Emperour of the Romans Philip the second son to Maximilian Mary and afterwards the first of that name king of Spaine in right of his wife Ioane eldest daughter vnto Ferdinand the fift Elizabeth Kings of Castile Aragon Charles son to Philip Ioane aforesaid heire of the houses of Burgundy Austria Spaine and the fift of that name Emperour of the Romans Philip the third of that name Duke of Burgundy the second of the name King of Spaine son to the Emperour Charles the fift vnder whose government the provinces of Holland Zealand and West-Freisland first revolted The Bishopricke or Lordship of Vtreicht NAmed thus from the city Vtreicht The estate was first occasioned by one Willebrod an Englishman the Apostle of those parts vpon his conversion of the country from Paganisme instituted first Bishop hereof about the yeare 611 and during the Regency of Pepin the Fat Majour of the Palace in France The Successours of this Willebrod in continuance of time by the liberality of the French Kings of the German Emperours haue attayned vnto as well the temporall as the spirituall iurisdiction of the countrey together with Over-Ysel
beyond the Rhiin belonging likewise vnto the sea which vnder the fief hereof they still held subject vnto them vntill the Emperour Charles the fift who taking occasion vpon their many losses and dammages susteined from the Gelders with whom the Bishop then had warre pretending their disability to resist that enimy by the consent of Henry Counte Palatine then Bishop seazed vpon the whole temporall domaine hereof leauing onely the spirituall to the Prelates which also since the vsurpation of the Countryes by the States of the Vnited Provinces hath likewise beene taken from them remayning afterwards onely titulary In the raigne of Philip the second king of Spaine these Countryes were likewise freed from the yoake of Spaine or house of Austria contayning now two distinct States or Provinces of Vtreicht and Ouer-ysell The order and succession of the Bishops for breuity sake we let passe The Dukedome of GELDERLAND IT was so called from the castle afterwardes the towne of Gelders founded here by two brothers VVickard and Luppolà created by the inhabitants first guardians or protectours of the country in the raigne of the Emperour Charles the Bauld continuing this title to succession In the person of Otto Earle of Nassau hauing marryed Aleide daughter to Wickard the last guardian it was made an Earledome by the Emperour Henry the third In Reinold the first it was made a Dukedome by the Emperour Lewes of Bavaria After the decease of Charles of Egmond the last Duke by composition betwixt him and the Emperour Charles the fift and the pretence of a former donation made by Duke Arnold vnto Charles the Fighter Duke of Burgundy this Province with the Earledome of Zutphen vnited for a long time in the house of the Dukes of Gelderland descended vpon the Emperour Charles the fift added by him to his other Provinces of the Netherlands Vnder Philip the second King of Spaine for the greatest part this shoke off the Spanish yoake with Zutphen gouerned now in maner of a Free estate confederate with the rest of the vnited Provinces The princes follow Otto earle of Nassau before-mentioned in right of his wife Aleide daughter to VVickard the last guardian created first Earle of Gelderland in the yeare 1079 by the Emperour Henry the third He had for second wife Sophia daughter to Wickman the last Earle of Zutphen by which meanes that Country and Earledome became annexed to the house of Gelderland Gerard the first son to Otto and Aleide Earle of Gelderland Gerlac his yonger brother and son to Otto and Sophia inherited the Earledome of Zutphen After the decease of Gerlac without heires he succeeded likewise in the Earledome of Zutphen continued euer since in the same Princes with Gelderland Henry the first son to Gerard the first Earle of Gelderland and Zutphen Gerard the second son to Henry the first He dyed sans issue Otho the second brother to Gerard the second Gerard the third son to Otho the second Otho the third son to Gerard the third Reinold the first son to Otho the third created first Duke of Gelderlandt in the yeare 1339 by the Emperour Lewes of Bavaria Reinold the second Duke of Gelderlandt Earle of Zutphen sonne to Reinold the first Reinold the third sonne to Reinold the second Hee deceased sans issue Edward brother to Reinold the third He also dyed without issue Mary sister to Edward and Reinold the third She marryed vnto William the first Duke of Iuliers William son to William the first Duke of Iuliers and Mary aforesaid He dyed without issue Reinold the fourth brother to William and son to William Duke of Iuliers and Mary He likewise deceased without issue Mary C. of Gelderland daughter to Ioane sister to William and Reinold the fourth and daughter to William Duke of Iuliers and Mary Arnold son to Mary and to Iohn Lord of Egmond Worthily incensed against his vnnaturall son Adolph by whom he had beene a long time most inhumanely detayned in prison hee partly sold and bequeathed these estates vnto Charles surnamed the Fighter Duke of Burgundy to be occupyed enioyed by that house after his decease Charles surnamed the Fighter Duke of Burgundy after the decease of Arnold succeeding in the Dukedome of Gelderland and Earledome of Zutphen Adolph son to Arnold hauing beene disinherited by his father by vertue of the sale and legacy before-mentioned Adolph of Egmond the vnnaturall son of Duke Arnold after the decease of Charles the Fighter slaine before Nancye restored by Mary Dutchesse of Burgundy daughter to Charles the Fighter Charles of Egmond Duke of Gelderland and Earle of Zutphen son to Duke Adolph Wearyed with long warres against the Princes of the Netherlands of the house of Burgundy and Austria pretending the legacy sale of Duke Arnold vpon agreement composition made with the Emperour Charles the Fift hee yeelded ouer these estates vnto him to bee enioyed after his decease in case that he left no issue He dyed without issue Charles the fift Emperour of the Romans and king of Spaine by vertue of the agreement before-mentioned made betwixt him and Duke Charles of Egmond succeeding in the Dukedome of Gelderland and Earledome of Zutphen Philip the second King of Spaine son to the Emperour Charles the fift In the raigne of this Prince these two Provinces revolted with the rest from vnder the Spanish goverment with those of Holland Zealandt Vtreicht Over-ysell West-Friselandt and Groningen making now the most potent and renowned confederate and vnited States of the Netherlands The KINGDOME of BVRGVNDY THis Kingdome was begun in the person of Charles son to the Emperour Lotharius and brother to the Emperour Lewis the second to Lotharius King of Austrasia or Lorraine whose share it was of the French dominions in the division of the part of the Emperour Lotharius made betwixt him his other brethren It contained the greatest part of the auncient Kingdome of the Burgundians occasioning the name together with Provençe It comprehendeth now besides Provençe the Dukedome Free County of Burgundy Savoy Daulphinye Lionois the Confederacy of the Switzers It lay divided from Germany by the Rhijn from Italy by the Alpes from the Kingdome of Lorraine by the Mountaine Vauge from the kingdome of West-France by the river Rhosne and by the moderne Westerne limits of the Dukedome of Burgundy These three brethren Lewis Lotharius Charles sons to the Emperour Lotharius not long after deceasing without male issue or issue legitimate and the house of the Emperour Lotharius being by that meanes extinguished the kingdome became vsurped seazed vpon by the Emp Charles the Bauld vnited by him as a province to his kingdome of West-France The Kings of Burgundy vntill this vnion follow Charles yonger sonne to the Emp. Lotharius the first French K. of Burgundy He dyed without issue Lewis the 2 d Emp. of the Romans Lotharius the second K. of Austrasia brothers vnto Charles the first K. after the decease of their brother
and determine of warre peace commaund the Prefectureships share the spoiles of their enemies and partake of the sundry profits and emoluments of the vnion and state They are 13 in number the Cantons of Vren Switz Vnderwald Lucern Zurich Glarona Zug Bern Fribug Soloturn Basil Schaff-hausen and Appenzel all sometimes parcels of the kingdome of Arles and Burgundy Schaff-hausen excepted lying beyond the Rhijn conveyed afterwards to the Empire by the Emperour Conrade the second heerein partly becōming Free Estates partly subject to Monasteries to the house of Habspurg and Austria How these were freed herefrom by what meanes at what time they were incorporated into this Confederacy and Vnion we will shew in order The Cantons of Vren Switz aud Vnderwald THese are rude mountainous countreyes without any towne or almost civill habitation bordering vpon the Lukes of Lucern and Waldstet see neighbouring otherwise to the Grisons Wallis-landt the Alpes Lepontiae Aunciently they were Free estates subiect immediatly to the German Empire commaunded by the deputies hereof Vnder the Emperour Albert the first affecting the dominion hereof and their subjection to his house of Austria thrusting out his praefects provoked with their insolent tyrannicall goverment for their better defence stronger head against that potent enemy in the yeare 1307 they joyned into a league first temporary only of ten yeares afterwards vpon their great victory at Mortgarten obtayned against the Archduke Leopold son to the Emperour Albert the first in the yeare 1315 and raigne of the Emperour Lewis of Bavaria made perpetuall These were the first who began this Confederacy called afterwards of the Switzers from the Canton Switz the more potent of these three or because the most famous the most exposed to the injuries and incursions of their enemies deriuing the name still as they were incorporated vnto the other Confederates The Canton of Lucern THe towne standeth vpon the river Russ and the Lake named from hence the Lake of Lucern common hereunto to the three first Cantons Aunciently this belonged to the Abbey of Murbach of whom it was bought by the Emperour Albert the first added to the right Dominions of Austria Vexed with continuall long warres of the three first Cantons invited by their example liberty in the yeare 1332 pretending the negligence tyranny injuries of the house of Austria it shooke off the yoake hereof vniting in the perpetuall league of the Switzers The Canton of Zurich THe towne is situated vpon the riuer Limat and the lake of Zurich Heretofore it appertained to two auncient Monasteries hereof vnder the protection of the Dukes of Zeringen guardians of the towne Monasteries Berchtold the fift the last Duke of Zeringen guardian hereof deceasing without heires by the Emperour Frederique the second in recompence of the faith loyalty hereof still obserued towards the Emperours in their long quarrels with the Popes it was exempted from all superiour jurisdiction sauing of the Empire continuing afterwards a free state In the yeare 1351 threatned with a dangerous great warre from Albert Archduke of Austria the malignant neighbouring nobility other bordering states it joyned in the perpetuall Confederacy of the foure first Cantons The Canton of Glarona IT is a valley of some 3 German miles in length extēded along the riuer Limat environed on al sides with high inaccessible mountaines admitting one onely entrance confining vpon the VVest with Vren and Switz vpon the East South with the Grisons named thus from a little towne so called the chiefe of the Country This likewise aunciently enjoyed a free estate vnder the Abbatesse of Seckingen the protection first of the Emperours then of the Earles of Burgundy Habspurg By the pretence title of this Protectourship it was made subject to the house of Austria by the Emperour Albert the first heire of Habspurg Invaded by the fiue first Cantons in the yeare 1351 it revoulted from vnder the subjection of the Princes of Austria offended with their wrong insolent goverment voluntarily yeelding herevnto sworne vnto their perpetuall league admitted amongst their Cantons The Canton of Zug THe towne is situated vpon the Lake from hence called Zugen See betwixt Zurich Switz It belonged to the Arch-Dukes of Austria by what right we finde not In the yeare 1351 warre hereagainst it was besieged taken in by the fiue first Cantons admitted into their perpetuall confederacie and made a Canton The Canton of Bern. THe towne standeth vpon the riuer Aar founded by Berchtold the last Duke of Zeringen to which family the Countrey aunciently appertained By this Berchtold the last Duke hauing no heires it was enfranchised giuen to the Empire remaining after this for a long time Imperiall In the yeare 1352 it ioyned in a perpetuall league with the three first Cantons afterwards by the decree of Stantz in the yeare 1381 made generall with all the Cantons then Confederate The Canton of Friburg LYing vpon the river Sana founded by Berchtold the fourth Duke of Zeringen not long before Bern. The house of the Dukes of Zeringen the auncient Lords being extinguished in Berchtold the fift it descended to the Earles of Kyburg by whom it was sold to the Emperour Rodulph the first Earle of Habspurg continued almost two hundred yeares afterwards by this right in the house of Habspurg and Austria In the time of the Archduke Albert it revolted to the side of the confederate Switzers after some private leagues in the yeare 1481 and assembly of Stantz received with Solothurn into their perpetuall confederacy The Canton of Solothurn THe towne was aunciently Imperiall vnder the protection of the Dukes of Zeringen situated vpon the river Aar After some private Confederacies in the yeare 1481 and meeting of Stantz with Friburg it was admitted into the generall league of the Switzers The Canton of Basil. THe city lyeth vpon the Rhiin the greatest of the Confederates aunciently Imperiall Free Iealous of the ambition greatnes of the house of Austria and of the malice of the bordering nobility in the yeare 1501 it vnited into the generall perpetuall league of the Confederate Switzers The Canton of Schaff-hausen THe towne likewise is situated vpon the Rhiin on the side or shore of Germany It belonged once to the Abbot and Monasterie hereof founded by the Earles of Nellenburg in the raigne of the Emperour Henry the third first beginning and occasioning the towne by litle litle withdrawing from the subjection hereof and becomming Imperiall acknowledging onely the Empire By the Emperour Lewis of Bavaria with other townes it was alienated from the Empire and given to Frederique Arch-duke of Austria in lieu of a certaine summe of money due vnto him vpon a peace composition made betwixt them The Arch-duke Frederique being proscribed it was recovered againe by the Emperour Sigismond and restored to the Empire The Emperour Sigismond deceasing and succeeded
Bremgarten aunciently likewise belonging to the house of Habspurg and Austria surprised with Bremgarten Baden by the Confederate Switzers in their warres against the Archduke Frederique obeying now likewise the eight first Cantons The Free Provinces in Wagenthall THese are certaine castles townes thus named below Lucern the chiefe whereof are Meyenberg and Richensee vpon the riuer Russ the Lake Richensee They were also once subiect to the Archdukes of Austria in the aforesaid warres of the Switzers against the Archduke Frederique surprised and taken from that house by the Canton of Lucerne They are commaunded now by the seuen first Cantons Rapperswyl IT is a towne vpon the Lake of Zurich the seate sometimes of the Earles thus named from whom it descended vpon the Princes of Habspurg and Austria Vnder the Archduke Sigismond in the yeare 1458 it was surprised by the Cantons of Vren Switz Vnderwald and Glarona obeying euer since the joint authority of these 4 confederate Switzers Turgow IT is a country bordering vpon the Rhijn called thus from the riuer Thur. It sometimes also was subiect for the most part to the Princes of the house of Austria wonne herefrom by the seuen first Cantons in their warres against the Archduke Sigismond in the yeare 1460. It obeyeth now the seuen first Cantons the towne of S i Gal and the parts belonging to the Abbots of S t Gal and Rinou and to the Bishops of Constance excepted The right notwithstanding of iudicature in criminall causes for the part of the Switzers appertaineth iointly to all the ten first Confederates taken first from the Archduke Frederique by the Emperour Sigismond pawned to the city of Constance and vpon the peace betwixt the Emperour Maximilian the first and the Switzers in the conclusion of the Suevian warre and in the yeare 1499 yeelded vp to the ten first Cantons The Country and towne of Sargans THese were the Sarunetes of Pliny part of the Rhaeti Alpestres Aunciently they obeyed the Countes of VVerdenberg Earles likewise hereof In the yeare 1483 George Earle of Werdenberg and Sargans sold these to the seuen first Cantons who now in this right iointly command the same The Prefectourship of Rheineck THis bordereth vpon the left shore of the Rhiin aboue the Lake of Constance It containeth the towne of Rheineck whereof we name it the seate of the Governour Alstetten a valley of the Alpes extended towards VVerdenberg It aunciently belonged to the Archdukes of Austria After sundry changes of the Lords thereof it was sold to the inhabitants of Appenzel taken afterwards from them during their warres with the Abbot of S. Gal by the 4 Cantons of Zurich Lucern Switz and Glarona then confederate with the Abbot It now iointly is commaunded by the seuen first Cantons together with the Canton of Appenzel Locarno IT is a town in the borders of Italy vpō the Lake Maggiore It belonged aunciently to the Dukes of Milan In the yeare 1513 by Maximilian Sfortia it was giuen to the 12 first Cantons with the Vale of Magia and the townes of Lugano and Mendrisio in recompence of their good service done vnto him against the French chased out of Italy and his Dukedome of Milan chiefly by their aide confirmed vnto them by the succeeding Dukes It is now governed by the ioint commaund of the 12 first Cantons Appenzel excluded not admitted into their confederacie vntill after this gift The Vale of Magia IT is a valley of the Alpes Lepontiae named thus from the riuer Magia running thorough the valley and receiued into the Lake Maggiore at Locarno It was sometimes likewise subiect to the Dukes of Milan belonging to Locarno made now a distinct Prefectourship By the aforesaid gift of Maximilian Sfortia it came to the 12 first Cantons commaunded now iointly by them Lugano THe towne is situated vpon the Lake thus called in the same borders of Italy It also sometimes belonged to the Dukes of Millan by Maximilian Sfortia giuen to the 12 first Cantons now the Lords thereof Mendrisio IT lyeth vpon the Lake of Lugano belonging sometimes to that town made now a seuerall goverment By Maximilian Sfortia with Lugano Locarno and the vale of Magia it was giuen to the 12 first Cantons now possessed by them The countrie of Belinzano THis contayneth three prefectureships of Belinzano Palenser-tal and Riviera The towne is situated vpon the river Tesino betwixt the head thereof and the Lake Maggiore The whole sometimes belonged to the Earles of Masox sold by them to the Cantons of Vren and Vnderwald about the yeare 1422 surprised by the Dukes of Milan lastly delivered in the yeare 1500 by the inhabitants to the Canton of Vren during the warres betwixt those Dukes the Frenchmen It now obeyeth the three first confederate Cantons of Vren Switz and Vnderwald commaunding by course in the three severall prefectureships The Kingdome of VVest-France THis Kingdome was begun in the person of Charles surnamed the Bauld yongest son vnto the Emperour Lewis the godly whose portion or share it was in that vnprovident devision of the French dominions made betwixt him his brethren Lotharius and Lewis It was devided from the kingdomes of Lorraine Burgundy or the share of the Emperour Lotharius by the rivers of the Scheld and the Rhosne contayning the whole France lying vpon the West of those rivers vnto the Pyrenaean Mountaines and the Aquitanique French British Oceans Bretaigne only excepted By Charles the Bauld the first prince Burgundy on this side the Soasne comprehending now the Dukedome of Burgundy the countrey of Lionois were added to this kingdome devision By King Iohn Daulphiny By Lewis the eleaventh the Earledome of Provence By Francis the first Bretaigne by which meanes the kingdome became this way enlarged vnto the river Soasne and the Alpes On the other side by Henry the second and the league of Cambray the Earledomes of Flanders and Artois aunciently held of the crowne were quitted from all homage and right hereof vnto Philip the second King of Spaine and the heires of the house of Burgundy The Kingdome of France AT this day the name and posterity of the French worne out in all other parts of the auncient French dominions and the distinction of West-France abolished this now only retaineth the name of France The order of the Kings of West-France or France follow Charles surnamed the Bauld the founder of the kingdome youngest son to the Emperour Lewis the Godly Hee was afterwards created Roman Emperour and deceased in the yeare 857. Lewis the first surnamed the Stammerer son to Charles the Bauld He was also Roman Emperour Hee dyed without lawfull heires Charles the Simple his onely legitimate son not being borne vntill after his decease In regard of this defect the Empire of the Romans became translated from the Kings of West-France vnto the Kings of Germany of the house of Charles the Great Lewis the second Carloman naturall sons to the Emperour Lewis
iustice Chartres Autricum of Ptolemie and Carnorum civitas of Antoninus vpon the riuer Eureux a Bishops sea and Bailliage and the chiefe towne of le Pais Chartrain These two lye in Chartrain the Carnutes of Caesar and Strabo the Carnuti of Plinie the Carnutae of Ptolemie and the Carni of Antoninus Nogent le Rotrou the chiefe of le Perche Govet or of the Lower Perche Mortaigne the chiefe of the Higher Perche Mans Vindinum of Ptolemie and Cenomannorum civitas of Antoninus a Bishops sea and Bailliage and the chiefe towne of Maine vpon the rivers Huine and Sartre Maine vpon the riuer Maine naming the Dukes of Maine of the house of Guise and Lorraine These two lye in the country of Maine the Cenomanni of Caesar Plinie and Ptolemie Angiers Iuliomagus of Ptolemie civitas Andicavorum of Antoninus a Bishops sea and Seneschaussee the chiefe towne of Aniou vpon the riuer Sartre Here flourisheth an Vniversitie founded by Lewis Duke of Aniou sonne to Iohn French king The citty is faire and of a large circuit containing some 15 parishes Saumur seated also in Aniou vpon the Loire a strong towne Hereof was sometimes governour the learned Philip de Mournay Lord of Plessis The ancient inhabitants of Aniou were the Andes of Cesar the Andegavi of Plinie the Andicani of Ptolemie the Andicavi of Antoninus Chinon vpon the river Vigenne Isle-Bouchard Palmie Lochez vpō the riuer Indre The castle hereof is one of the strongest places of the kingdome mounted vpon the top of a steepe and high rock environed with deepe ditches Mont-Richard vpon the river Chez inioying a pleasant situation surrounded with mossie rocks and sweet smelling meadowes Tours Caesarodunum of Ptolemie and civitas Turonum of Antoninus an Archbishops sea and Bailliage and the chiefe towne of Touraine vpon the river Loire The citty is rich faire and well traded situated in a most fruitfull and pleasant country Here begun first after Chesne the name of Hugonots vainely giuen to them of the reformed Religion as the Disciples of an Apparition or Spirit called by the people le Roy Hugon or king Hugh supposed by night to haunt the streets imposed vpon them in regard of their nightly meetings during the time of their restraint and persecution Amboise a pleasant towne vpon the Loire Londun These from Chinon lye in Touraine the Turones of Caesar Plinie and Antoninus the Turupij of Ptolemie Blois a Bailliage the chiefe of le Pais Blesien vneuenly seated vpon the Loire Here for the extraordinary delight and pleasure of the aire and neighbouring country the French kings vse much to reside with Amboise the ordinary nursery of their children much resorted vnto for the same cause and inhabited by the nobilitie Neere herevnto is the great and magnificent castle of Chambourg one of the royall houses of the French kings Vendosme vpon the Loire the chiefe towne of the Dutchie of Vendosme Chasteau-dun the chiefe towne of the countie Dunois mounted vpon the top of an high hill neere vnto the confluence of the rivers Loire Aigre Tonneres Lorris naming the countries Lorris and Tonneres Orleans Genabum of Caesar and Strabo Cenabum of Ptolemie and civitas Aurelianorum of Antoninus a Bishops sea and Bailliage and a noted Vniversity for the ciuill lawes founded by Philip le Bel situated vpon the Loire The citty is populous rich and beautified with faire and goodly buildings Here the best French is spoken The neighbouring vast forrest of Orleans containeth 12 French miles in length or 24 English Iargeau Clery Nostre Dame These three lye in Orleannois noted for excellent wines the Aureliani of Antoninus part of the Carnutes of Caesar. Romorantin vpon the river Souldre the chiefe towne in Soulogne Millanzay in Soulogne POICTOV HAving vpon the East Touraine Berry and Limousin vpon the North Bretaigne and Aniou vpon the West the Ocean and vpon the South Engoulmois and Xaintogne The country is large populous and fruitfull The people are naturally more rude then the rest of their countrymen yet subtill crafty and very quarelsome vncivillie given to suits and contentions in the law They speake a severall dialect by themselues much differing from the common French mixed with many proper words of their own Chiefer townes here are Beau-moir a sea-coast towne and port nere to Bretaigne Roche-sur-Ion vpon the river Ion. Talmont vpon the Ocean Lucon a Bishops sea and a port of good traficke vpon a navigable arme of the sea Maillesais a Bishops sea Niort vpon the river Seure S. Maxent Partenay Thovars Mirebeau Chastelleraud vpon the river Vienne Poictiers Augustoritum of Ptolemy civitas Pictavorum of Antoninus vpon the riuer Clin now a Bishops sea Seneschaussee the chiefe towne of the coūtry The city is very large within the wals but not so well inhabited enclosing corne fields meadows other wast grounds Here flourisheth a noted vniuersity cheifely for the ciuill lawes Of this was sometimes Bishop S. Hilary a renowned Champion of the Catholique faith against the Arrian Hereltickes in the raigne of the Emperour Constantius Lusignan vpon the riuer Ion naming the auncient family of Lusignan sometimes kings of Hierusalem afterwards of Cyprus by the donation of Richard the first king of England Siury vpon the riuer Charente Roche-chovard neere vnto the confines of Limousin Dorat Bridiers neere Limousin Mont-Morillon vpon the riuer Gartempe Poictou aunciently were the Pictones of Caesar Strabo Pliny and Ptolemy the Pictaui of Antoninus ENGOVLMOIS BOunded vpon the North with Poictou vpon the West with Xaintoinge vpon the South with Perigort vpon the East with Limousin It containeth 24 French leagues in length in breadth some 15. leagues affording plenty of very excellent and perfect wines Chiefer townes are Coignac vpon the riuer Charente Chasteau-neuf vpon the Charente nere to Xaintoigne and Poictou Angolesme Ciuitas Etolisnensium of Antoninus a Bishops sea Seneschaussee and the chiefe towne vpon the river Charente and the coing of a spacious plaine descending in a banke or mountaine with whose steepe headlong rockes wherewith the wals are almost round environed and a double trench'd castle towards the plaine it is strongly fenced and secured One of the gates yet beareth the name of Chande from from the Lord Iohn Chandois sometimes Seneschal of the country vnder the English by whom it was built Roche-Foucat vpon the Charente Villebois Marevil Engoulmois anciently were the Etolisnenses of Antoninus To the accompt hereof Merula addeth le pais d' Aulniz which is a little country lying betwixt this and Xaintoinge BERRY BOunded vpon the West with Touraine and Poictou vpon the North with Soulogne and the riuer Cher vpon the East with Heurepoix Nivernois Bourbonois and the riuer Faye and vpon the South with Limousin and the river Covre The country is very fruitfull more especially commended for excellent pasture and meadow grounds feeding
Then in the raigne of the Emperour Valentinian the first with the Scots and Picts sorraging Bretaigne and with the Frenchmen Gaâ—â—e It was after this in the raigne of the Emperours Valentinian the third and Marcianus that accompanyed with the Angli and Vitae they subdued Bretaigne giuing the name of England vnto the best and largest part of that great and famous Iland Their first dwelling was after Ptolemies description wholy beyond the Elb bounding according to Chytrâ—us vpon that river vpon the South on the Ocean vpon the West vpon the Cimbri on the North and on the East vpon the Tentones and Tentonoari and inhabiting where now is the Dukedome of Holstein In the time of the latter Roman Emperours passing over the Elb they spread Southwards as farre as the French whether beating out the ancient inhabitants or which is more probable communicating vnto them this their more noble and victorious name For otherwise it is altogether impossible that so small a nation as these were in Ptolemies time should of themselues possesse and fill so large and spatious a country The Westerne Empire overthrowne the French withdrawing towards the heart of Gaule they enlarged to the Rhijn vnto against Colen Their more precise bouÌ„ds in the raigne of the Emperour Charles the Great was vpon the North the riuer Eydore dividing them from the Danes vpon the West first the Ocean betwixt the riuer Eydore and the Rhijn then the Rhijn from the mouth or fall thereof vnto about Colen parting them from France vpon the East first a line from Stargard vpon the sea Balticke drawne vnto the Elb about Hamburg then the Elb from about Hamburg vnto the meeting of that riuer with the Saltza then the Saltza together seuering them from the Sclaâ—es Winithi and vpon the South the Thuringians now Duringen and Hessen They contained nowe the Dukedomes of Holstein Wagerland excepted of Brunswijck and Lâ—nenburg the Bishops of Bremen Ferden Hildesheim Halberstat and Meydburg the Earledome of Mansfeldt the old Marches of Brandenburg Westphalia the two Freislandts and Over-Ysel with parts of Gelderlanâ—t and Hollandt They were divided into 4 distinct nations or parts of the Saxons beyond the Elb comprehended betwixt that riuer the Ocean and the rivers Eydore and Trave and containing now Holstein of the Ostphali contained betwixt the Elb the Ocean and the riuers Weser and Saâ—tza and containing now the fiue Bishopricks before mentioned and the Dukedomes of Brunswijck and Lunenburg of the Angriuarij coasting along the South-west shore of the Weser now the part of Westpâ—alia where lie the townes of Wildehusen Minden Hervorden Lâ—â—gow Osenburg Diepholt Soest Waldes Arnsbâ—rg with Surland in the diocese of Colen of the Westphali now the rest of moderne Westphalia extended vnto the Rhâ—â— coÌ„preheÌ„ding now the Dukedome of Bergâ—Ì„ the Earledome of Marck Tremond Wesel Embrick Zutphen Relinghâ—seâ— Benthem Mâ—ster with others After sundry revolts from vnder the French by which nation vnder their princes Clâ—tarius Charles Mâ—â—tel Carlomâ—n Pepin they had divers timeâ— before beene vanquished and made tributarie they were at length after 35. yeares warre vtterly subdued by the Emperour Charles the Great and reâ—â—ced into a French province or Dukedome the title whereof remaineth vnto this day By the Emperour Henry the first and the succeeding princes of the house and nation of the Saxons the Winithi or Sclaves lying beyond the rivers Elb and Saltza where now are Meissen Lâ—usnitz Brandenburg Mecklenburg Lewenburg Pomeren were conquered or otherwise added vnto this name and accompt peopled with their language and colonies Henry surnamed the Lion Duke of Saxony and Bavaria being proscribed by the Emperour Fredericke Barbarossa the whole broke into sundry lesser states and goverments the chiefe whereof and which remaine vnto this day are the Dukedomes of Brunswijck Lunenburg Holstein Westphalen Clâ—ve and Bergen of whose beginnings successions and conâ—â—â—ance together with the Dukedoâ—e Electorship entitl'd of Saxony although now lying without the bounds of the ancient wee will speake inordâ—â— The ELECTORSHIP DVKEDOME of SAXONY This Dukedome was first begun by the Emperour Charles the Great after his conquest of the Saxons ordering the subdued country hereof into a province thus stiled The first Duke was Witichind king of this nation during their warres with Charles the Great appointed by this Emperour After other Bruno was the first Duke brother vnto Witichind From Bruno Fabritius deriveth the succeeding Dukes in manner following Luitulphus the first sonne to Bruno Bruno the second sonne to Luitulphus the first He dyed sans issue Otho the first brother to Bruno the second Henry the first surnamed the Fowler sonne to Otho the first The house of France and of Charles the Great being extinguished in Conrade the first he was elected Emperour of the Romanes and king of Germany continuing for a time in his posterity During the raigne of the Emperours of the house of Saxony this Dukedome or country was divided amongst sundry lesser princes whereof all did beare this title amongst whom was Berâ—ard Duke of Saxony Engern and Westphalen and Lord of Lunenburg created Electour of the Empire by the Emperour Otho the third Bernard Duke of Saxony Engern and Westphalen and Lord of Lunenburg first Electour of the Empire of the Dukes and house of Saxony From this Bernard the Duke Electours of Saxony haue beene continued as followeth Bernard the second Electour and Duke of Saxony sonne to Bernard the first Ordulphus sonne to Bernard the second Magnus sonne to Ordulphus Taking part with Rodulph Duke of Schwaben against the Emperour Henry the 4 he was taken prisoner and deprived of all his dignities the last Duke Elector of Saxonie of the house of Bernard Lotharius the first Earle of Supplinburg and Arnsperg created Electour and Duke of Saxonie by the Emperour Henry the first After the decease of the Emperour Henry the fift hee was made Roman Emperour and king of the Germans Henry the first surnamed the Proud Duke of Bavaria created Duke Electour of Saxonie by the Emperour Lotharius his father in law whose daughter Gertrude he had married proscribed by the Emperour Conrade Henry the second surnamed the Lion sonne to Henry the first He marryed vnto Maude daughter to Henry the second king of England besides the ancient Saxonie which excepting Holstein and what the Bishops possessed he almost wholy enioyed Lord of both Bavariaes and of the parts beyond the Elb where now lye the Dukedomes of Mecklenburg and Lawenburg conquered by him from the Winithi the greatest of all the German Princes before and almost since his time Forsaking the Emperour Frederick Barbarossa excommunicated by the Pope at the seige of Alexandria in the Dukedome of Milan he was proscribed by him and depriued of all his dignities and possessions Brunswijck and Lunenburg excepted restored vpon his reconciliation at the mediation of his father in law the king of England the occasion of those Dukedomes After this proscription the country of Saxonie vntill
certaine that they stayed there not long shortly after succeeded vnto by the Longobards THE LONGOBARDS THese were a German people mentioned by Tacitus being then a part of the Suevi containing sometimes after Willichius the parts where now lie the two Dioceses of Halberstat and Meydburg in Saxonie In the generall flittings of Barbarous nations they drewe into Pannonia where after Sigonius his computation for the space of 42 yeares they continued famous for their conquest there and victory of the Gepidae Afterwardes in the yeare 568 vnder their king Alboinus they removed into Italy subduing Gaule on this side of the Alpes named since from these Lombardy made then voide by the late conquest and departure of the Ostrogothes drawne in by Narses Lieutenant of the Emperour Iustinian in his Gothish warres provoked with the contumely and iniuries of the Emperour Iustin and of his Queene Sophia In the yeare 774 quarrelling with the Popes they were vpon a religious pretence of Holy Warre invaded and subdued by the Emperour Charles the Great their king Desiderius being besieged at Pavia and taken prisoner and their kingdome abolished made a French Province after that they had continued here vnder 23 of their Princes the space of 206 yeares THE AVARES IOrnandes maketh these to haue beene a part of the Huns distinguished into this people whom with some difference he surnameth the Aviri the Aulziagri Not vnprobably otherwise they might be the Avarini mentioned by Ptolemy amongst the Sarmatae The later Greeke authors call them simply Abares or Avaeres The more ancient Dutch French the Huns Avares Becanus conjectureth these to haue beene the names of two such different nations who ioining forces in their warres and invasions became by this meanes promiscuously called by both names a cause of the after mistake of Historians accompting them one and the same people But herein al is vncertaine Their first certaine expresse mention in Greeke authors we finde to haue beene in the raigne of Tiberius the second Emperour of the East vpon occasion of certaine carpenters sent herefrom vnto them and misimployed by them in the building of a bridge over the Danow with intent to transport by this meanes their armies over the river and to invade the Romane provinces Afterwardes we read of them in the raigne of the next Emperour Mauritius vnder their Caganus the common name of all their princes by sundry excursions spoiling Illyricum and Thrace After this we againe heare of them vnder the next Emperour Phocas likewise forraging Thrace then in the raigne of the Emperour Heraclius pilling and forraging Thrace vnto the wals of Constantinople and overthrowne beaten backe by the citizens hereof vnder the leading of Bonus Patritius and the Patriarcke of that sea By the French Historians they are first mentioned in the raigne of Sigisbert king of Austrasia or otherwise but more vncertainely and confusedly of Theodoric king of the Ostrogothes in Italie Their dwelling during their affaires with the French was Pannonia and part of Noricum divided from the Boioarians with the river Ens. They contained now the Lower Hungary with part of Austria By the armes of the mighty Emperour Charles the Great after 8. yeares warre they were vtterly subdued and driven out of those parts their country being peopled with new colonies of the Dutch and added to the Province of the Boioarians The poore vanquished remainders hereof betooke themselues afterwards into Dacia beyond the rivers Danow and Tibiscus where now is Transylvania with part of the Vpper Hungary where they continued vnto the raigne of the Emperour Arnulph when being subject to Suantabogus King of the Moravians and set vpon by the fierce new-com'd people of the Hungarians they were vtterly extinguished their name being since no where heard of THE HVNGARIANS THese Beatus Rhenanus conjectureth to haue beene a remainder of the vanquished and expulsed Avares kept aliue by the Emperour Charles the Great and by a small trench severed from the dominions hereof in the waine of the French Empire returning againe recouering their lost country Aventinus would haue them to haue beene a Scythian people inhabiting sometimes towards the Frozen sea beyond the rivers Tanais Volga in the parts where now lyeth Russia subject to the Great Duke of Mosco Bonfinius maketh them a mixed nation of the Huns and Avares sometimes Lords of Pannonia All of them speake but vpon conjecture without any sure proofe Iornandes de Rebus Geticis maketh mention of the Hunugari then inhabiting part of Stythia but whether or no these were the present Hungarians we cannot determine They first became knowne vnto the Christian world in the raigne of the Emperour Arnulph at what time wandering in Sarmatia without any certaine abode and invited by this Prince against Suantabogius king of the Moravians they tooke from him Dacia with the country of the Iaziges Metanastae lying on both sides of the river Tibiscus inhabited then by the Sclaves and the remnant of the scattered Avares killing vp and driuing out these old inhabitants and planting the country with their new barbarous Colonies which since from them hath beene called the Vpper Hungary Not contented herewith in the next raigne of the Emperour Lewis the fourth passing the river Danow they subdued Pannonia belonging then to the Bavarians and the Empire kingdome of the Dutch with more then barbarous crueltie and with fury vnresistable afterwards ranging ouer all Germany Italy Greece Bulgaria Mysia Sclavonia Illyricum and Thrace during the raigne hereof and of Conrade and Henry the first conquerours in sundry battles THE KINGDOME OF HVNGARY THeir fiercenesse and heat abating through religion and civilitie and the armes of the Dutch Emperours they setled into a peaceable gouerment first vnder Dukes then vnder Kings giuing the name to the country since called the kingdome of Hungary extending on both sides of rhe riuer Danow and containing the ancient Dacia the greatest part of the Lower Pannonia with some part of Pannonia Superior famous a long time for religion and armes the fortresse and bulwarke of Christendome against the Infidells The greatest part of the Higher Pannonia sometimes likewise possessed by this nation was recouered from them by the Marqueses of Austria knowne since by that name The yeare 1526 and battle at Mohacz gaue a period to their kingdome and ancient glory overthrowne with great slaughter by Soliman the mighty Emperour of the Turkes Lewis their last king being slaine and the country since enthralled to stranger nations the greatest part remaining now subject to the Turkes the rest with the title of king of Hungary to the German Emperours of the familie of Austria The Princes follow Cusala vnder whom we first heare of the nation of the Hūgarians He conquered Dacia or the Vpper Hungary and first passed ouer the Danow slaine in his invasion and attempt vpon Pannonia Toxus He subdued Pannonia or the Lower Hungary Geiza the first
Iohn-Fredericke taken prisoner by the Emperour Charles the Fift The country for the most part is subiect to the Dukes of Saxony The first and more ancient inhabitants according to Montanus were the Chasuari of Tacitus afterwardes the Thuringians MEISSEN BOunded vpon the West with the riuer Saltza and Duringen vpon the South with Voytlandt Bohemia vpon the East with Lausnitz vpon the North with the Dukedome of Saxony the Marquisate of BraÌ„denburg The land is hilly full of woods remainders of the old Hercynian wherewith sometimes in a manner the country hath beene wholy ouerspred In regard hereof and of continuall vapours ascending from such wet vndreyned grounds the ayre here in times past hath beene very close and illfavoured darkned for a great part of the yeare with continuall fogges and mists especially in Ioachims-tal and the more mountainous part neighbouring to Bohemia Through long civilitie and better plantation the woods in part cut downe and the bogs let out the ayre since is become more cleere and the country more rich and healthie yeelding plenty of corne and of all manner of fruits Amongst other mettals it affordeth very much siluer in the Mines of Ioachims-tal Freiberg Anneberg Schneberg and other parts of the hills Sudetae Chiefer townes are Mersburg Naumburg Bishops seas both seated vpon the riuer Saltza Hal vpon the riuer Saltza Here great store of salt is made from the salt-springs the occasion of the towne and of that great warre betwixt the Hermunduri and the Catti wherevnto they both then bordered mentioned with some mistake by Tacitus Leipzig at the confluence of the riuers Pleiss Pard and Elster the Parliament and chiefe towne of the country The towne is not very large but wealthie and populous and beautified with faire buildings made all of stone and standing in an equall heigth and iust order a rich Emporie and a noted Vniversitie founded in the yeare 1409. Meissen a Bishops sea the most ancient and first seat of the Marqueses of Meissen occasioning the name of the country and built by the Emperour Henry the first to affront the Sclaues situated vpon the West and left shore of the Elb in a hilly vneuen ground beautified chiefly with three eminent and faire castles or palaces of the Bishops the Burgraues and of the Dukes of Saxonie the Lords of the towne mounted close together vpon a high hill with a faire prospect overlooking the citty Torgaw vpon the Elb. Dresen situated in a fruitfull and pleasant part of the country divided by the riuer Elb into the old and the new townes whereof the old lieth in Lausnitz and ioyned with a faire bridge of 800 paces in length the seat of the Duke Electours of Saxonie residing here in a strong and magnificent castle Here the Dukes haue a rich armory stored with all sorts of munition and warlike provision sufficient to furnish a great army Friberg vnder the Bohemian mountaines rich in siluer mines The country is subject to the Dukes of Saxonie The ancient inhabitants were the Hermunduri of Tacitus afterwards the Sorabi part of the Sclaves Winithi OBER SACHSEN THis only now retaineth the name of Saxonie It is extended along the Elb betwixt Meissen and the Diocese of Meydburg hauing on the other sides the Earledome of Mansfeild the Marquisate of Brandenburg The aire is sharp but healthfull the soile fruitfull The chiefe towne is Wittenberg standing in an open plaine vpon the Elb and strongly fenced with bulwarks rampires walls and wide and deepe ditches the seat sometimes of the Electours of Saxony now a noted Vniversitie chiefly for Lutheran Divines founded in the yeare 1052 by Fredericke the third Duke Electour The country is subject to the Dukes of Saxonie THE EARLEDOME OF MANSFELDT LYing betwixt the rivers Saltza and Wieper and bounded in with the Higher Saxonie Meissen Hessen Duringen and Brunswijck The country is hilly and vneuen especially towards the South-West or towards Duringen and Hessen where riseth the woody forrest of Hartz The soile is chiefly rich in mineralls in the mountainous parts before mentioned Chiefer townes are Mansfeldt vpon the riuer Wieper naming the country Eisleben the country of Luther Querâ—furt Rotenburg Alstad It belongeth to the Earles of Mansfeldt THE COVNTRIE OF BRANDENBVRG BOunded vpon the West with the Dukedomes of Mecklenburg and Lunenburg vpon the South with Meissen Lausnitz and Schlesi vpon the East with the kingdome of Poland and vpon the North with Pomeren The country is large containing in length from East to West 60 Dutch or 240 Italian miles It affordeth plenty of corne as doe generally all those more Northerne parts but otherwise is vast and ill inhabited It is diuided into Altemarck or the Old Marches lying betwixt the riuer Elb and Lunenburg Mittel-marck and Vber-marck betwixt the Elb and the Odera and Neu-marck contained betwixt the Odera and Poland Chiefer towns in Altemarck are Bueck vpon the Elb. Tangermondt at the confluence of the riuers Elb and Anger Steindal Osterburg Sehausen vpon the riuer Veht Bismarck Gardeleben Kalb Soltwedel Betwixt the Odera and the Elb Havelburg a Bishops sea vpon the riuer Havel Ratenaw vpon the same riuer Brandenburg vpon the same riuer a Bishops sea and the first seat of the Marqueses naming the country Spandaw Berlin vpon the river Spree the chiefe seat of the present Marqueses of Brandenburg Francfurt enioying a pleasant situation amongst vinie downes vpon the left shore of the Odera Here flourisheth a noted Vniversitie founded in the yeare 1506 by Ioachim the first Electour and Albert his brother Marqueses of Brandenburg In the new Marches Kustrin vpon the riuers Warte Odera Sunnerbergh vpon the Warte Landsperg vpon the Warte Berwald Konigsbergk Berlinichen Bernstein Arnswald The Lords hereof are the Electours and Marqueses of the house of Brandenburg wherevnto besides this country and other straggling possessions appertaine the Dukedome of Crossen in Schlesi the Dukedome of Prussen with the towne of Cottbuss and part of Lausnitz and with the Dukes of Nuburg the right of the Earledome of Marck Bergen Cleve and Gulick Princes of very ample and large possessions The more ancient inhabitants were the Varini and Nuithones of Tacitus parts of the Suevi as afterwards the Helveldi Leubuzi Wilini Stoderani and Brizani parts of the Sclaves Winithi POMEREN EXtended for the space of 200 English miles along the coast of the sea Balticke lying vpon the North thereof from the riuer Bartze and the Dukedome of Mecklenburg vpon the West vnto the riuer Weissel and the Land of Prussen vpon the East confining vpon the South with the Marquisate of Brandenburg It is divided into the Vpper Pomeren bordering vpon Mecklenburg and contained betwixt the Bartze and the Odera and the Lower Pomeren lying betwixt the Odera and the Weissel and adioining vpon Prussen The aire is sharpe and piercing the country plaine populous and abundantly fruitfull
rich in come pasturges hony butter waxe and flaxe Chiefer townes are Barth standing vpon the Ocean and the mouth of the riuer Bartze a rich Empory the seat of the Dukes of Pomeren of Wolgast Straelsundt a well traded Empory vpon the same sea-coast against the Iland Rugen Gripswald vpon the same sea-coast thwart of the same Iland a noted vniuersity Wolgast vpon the same coast of the sea Balticke against the Iland Vsidom Camin a Bishops sea vpon the same shore against the Iland Wollin Colberg at the mouth of the riuer Persandt Dantzag Gdanske or Danske vpon the riuer Weissel named thus from the sea Balticke or the Oster-sche wherevnto it neighboureth called by the more ancient Dutch Cdan Gdan or Dan and corruptly by Mela and the Latines Sinus Codanus The citty is rich populous magnificent and euery way flourishing the second in ranke of the Hanse-townes much frequented by merchants from all parts sometimes Imperiall now gouerned in maner of a free estate vnder the kings of Poland Within the land Coslin vpon the riuer Radnie Griffenberck vpon the Rega Newgarten vpon the Hamersbeck Stargard vpon the Ina. Stettin standing in a square forme vpon the left shore of the Odera the seat of the Dukes of Pomeren of Stettin Dantzig and the more Easterne part adioining vpon the Weissel are subiect to the kings of Poland The rest appertaineth to the Dukes of Pomeren The ancient inhabitants were the Reudigni Rugij Longi-Mani and Longi-Diduni with part of the Burgundiones and Heruli of Tacitus Ptolemy Plinie and others afterwards the Wiltzi Pomerani and Rani parts of the Sclaves Winithi The countries hither from Duringen are accompted parts of the Higher Saxony and comprehend the 8 circle of the Empire THE COVNTRY OF MECKLENBVRG BOunded vpon the East with the Dukedome of Pomeren and the riuer Bartze vpon the South with Brandenburg and Lawenburg vpon the West with Holstein and vpon the North with the Sundt or Sea Balticke The soile is fruitfull and rich in come Chiefer townes are Schwerin a Bishops sea seated in a square forme vpon the South shore of the lake thus named diuided into foure lesser townes VVismar a Hans-towne and a noted port vpon a creeke or inlet of the sea Balticke founded after Krantzius out of the ruines of the great and ancient cittie of Mecklenburg by Gunselin Earle of Schwerin about the yeare 1240 in the raigne of Iohn sirnamed the Diuine Prince of the Obotriti The hauen hereof is deepe and capable of great vessels affording a large and safe road giuing the name to the towne Rostock a Hans-citty and a noted port vpon the riuer Warne neere vnto the fall thereof into the Sundt The towne is large rich and well traded the best vpon the coast of the sea Balticke after Lubeck and Dantzig containing fiue English miles and an halfe in circuit amongst other ornaments commended for an Vniuersity founded by Iohn Duke of Mecklenburg consisting at this day of nine Colleges The houses after the manner of the country are for the most part flat-roofed The Lords hereof are the Dukes of Mecklenburg The ancient inhabitants were parts of the Sideni and Burgundiones of Plinie afterwards the Obotriti Polabi Linguones Warnani Kircani Circipani Rhedarij and Tholenzi parts of the Sclaues Winithi the last people of Germanie conuerted to Christianity forced by cōquest the armes of Henry sirnamed the Lion Duke of Saxony Bauaria in the raigne of the Emperour Fredericke Barbarossa THE DVKEDOME OF HOLSTEIN BOunded vpon the East with the Sundt and Dukedome of Mecklenburg vpon the North with the kingdome of Denmark and the riuer Eydore vpon the West with the German Ocean taken betwixt the riuers Eydore and Elb and vpon the South with the Elb diuiding it from the Diocese of Bremen The country is low marishie and full of woods chiefly affording good pasturages It comprehendeth foure distinct names or countries of Wagerlandt adioining vnto Mecklenburg and the Sundt of Stormarse lying along the right shore of the Elb betwixt the mouth of this riuer and Hamburg or the riuers Stor and Billen of Ditmarse coasting along the Ocean betwixt the riuers Stor and Eydore and of Holstein particularly thus called taking vp the more inland parts or those betwixt Stormarse and the Dukedome of Schleswijck in Denmark Chiefer townes are in Wagerlandt Lubeck a Bishops sea and a citty Imperiall seated vpon a hill or rising ground amongst waters and marishes at the confluence of the riuers Traue and Billeua neere the fall thereof into the Sundt The towne is very strong great rich and populous the chiefe of the Hanse-townes and of the ports of the sea Balticke containing about six miles in compasse Segeberg vpon the river Traue In Stormarse Hamburg vpon the riuer Billen and the right shore of the Elb a Hanse-towne Imperiall and a noted Emporie well knowne vnto the English marchant-adventurers Crempe vpon a little river thus named neere vnto the Elb. Ietzeho vpon the riuer Stor In Ditmarse Meldorp vpon the Ocean the chiefe towne Heininckste Tellinckste Londen In the proper Holstein Kiel a well traded port vpon a nauigable arme of the Sundt The country is subject the townes Imperiall excepted to the house of Denmarc k held hereby vnder the right and acknowledgement of the Dutch Empire The ancient inhabitants were the Saxons of Ptolemie their first seat The name spreading more Southwards they were afterwards distinguished and knowne by the name of the Saxons beyond the Elb. THE DIOCESE OF BREMEN BOunded vpon the North with the Elb and the Dukedome of Holstein vpon the West with the German Ocean vpon the South with the riuer Weser from East-Freislandt and Westphalen and vpon the East with the Dukedome of Lunenburg parted from it by a line drawne from the rivers Elb and Este vnto the Weser a little below the confluence thereof and the Alre The extreame parts coasting along the Elb and Weser are very fertill for corne and pasturages the more inner parts wild and barren full of dry sands marishes heathes Chiefer townes are Stadt a noted Hanse towne standing vpon the river Zuinghe hitherto navigable neere vnto the fall thereof into the Elb. The towne is accompted the most ancient in Saxonie waxing fresh and reviving againe of late yeares chiefly by meanes of the Staple there fixed of the English Marchant-aduenturers beautified with faire buildings and strongly fortified Here all the ships passing vp the Elb towards Hamburg pay tole The townesmen haue also their choise of the wines hereof for their publike Taverne Buxtehude vpon the riuer Este neere vnto Hamburg Bremen an Archbishops sea the chiefe towne of the country vpon the right shore of the great river Weser The towne is large populous and by the aduantage of the riuer which is herevnto navigable rich and well traded beautified with faire and euen streets and strongly fenced against hostile invasion The first Bishop here
of was S. Willehade an Englishman the Apostle of those more Northerne parts of Saxonie The country is subiect to the Lay Bishops or Administratours of Bremen The more ancient inhabitants were the Chauci Maiores of Ptolemie afterwards part of the Saxons Ostphalians THE COVNTRY OF LVNENBVRG LYing betwixt the riuers Elb and Alre and bounded vpon the West with the Diocese of Bremen vpon the North with the Elb and the Dukedome of Lawenburg vpon the East with the Olde Marches of Brandenbrg and vpon the South with the Dukedome of Brunswijck The country is plaine the aire sharpe and healthfull and the soile fruitfull the part adjoyning to the Old Marches of Brandenburg excepted The chiefe towne is Lunenburg standing in a square forme vpon the riuer Elmenow one of the six prime Hanse-townes large populous and adorned with faire buildings containing six Parishes a mile and a halfe in length and about a mile in breadth whose chiefest truck and commoditie is falt made here in great abundance from the Salt-springs bought vp by the Hamburgers and Lubecers and from thence transported abroad The country belongeth to the Dukes of Lunenburg being of the same house with Brunswijck desended from Henry surnamed the Lion and the more ancient Dukes of Saxonie The more ancient inhabitants were parts of the Cherusci and Chauci of Tacitus THE COVNTRY OF BRVNSWIICK COntained betwixt the riuers Alre and the Weser It hath the Dukedome of Lunenburg vpon the North vpon the East the Diocese of Meydburg and the Earledome of Mansfeldt vpon the South Duringen and Hessen and vpon the West and Weser and Westphalen The South and East parts towards Hessen Duringen and Mansfeldt swell with woodie Mountaines and hills parts of the ancient Hercynian called now Hundsrucke Hartzwald Hainsette and by other names The Northern and more proper Brunswijck is more plaine exceedingly fruitfull for corne and all other commodities which the colder clime is well capable of Chiefer townes are Grubenhagen From hence the Dukes of Brunswijck of Grubenhagen were stiled Goslar a towne Imperiall vpon the riuer Gose. Halberstat Hildesheim Bishops seas Quedelburg occasioned by the rich Nunnery thus called whose Abbatesse was sometimes Princesse of the Empire The towne now is subiect to the house of Saxonie Brunswijck vpon the river Onacter the chiefe of the country and one of the six chiefe Hanse-townes The towne is large containing about seauen miles in compasse faire populous and strongly fortified encompassed with a double wall peopled with industrious and stout inhabitants iealous of their liberty and gouerned in manner of a free estate held vnder the right of the Princes The greatest part of the country is subiect to the Dukes of Brunswijck The more ancient inhabitants were the Dulgibini of Tacitus with part of the Chauci Maiores of Ptolemie afterwards part of the Saxons Ostphalians THE DIOCESE OF MEYDENBVRG EXtended vpon both sides of the riuer Elb betwixt the Marquisate of Brādenburg and the proper Saxonie The chiefe towne is Meydenburg an Archbishops sea and naming the country seated vpon the left shore of the Elb built or rather reedified by Edith wife vnto the Emperour Henry the first and daughter to Edmund King of England and named thus in honour of her sexe The Towne is of great State large faire and strongly fortified famous in the Protestants warres for a whole yeares siege which it sustained against the Emperour Charles the Fift amongst the Protestant states remaining onely vnconquerable the rest being subdued to the will of that mighty Prince The country is subject to the Lay Bishops or Administratours of Meydenburg of the house now of Brandenburg The more ancient inhabitants were the Lacobardi of Tacitus part afterwards of the Saxons Ostphalians The countries hitherto from Mecklenburg are accompted the parts of the Lower Saxony and containe the ninth circle of the Empire FREISLANDT THe name is at this day enlarged along the shore of the Germane Ocean from the Zuyder Zee parting the same from Hollandt vnto the riuer Weser It containeth the West and the East-Freislandts OOST-FREISLANDT COntinued betwixt the riuer Eems and the Weser and bounded vpon the other sides with the Ocean and the land of West-phalen The country is plaine and exceedingly populous the soile fat rich in corne and pasturages Chiefer townes are Aurich a rich and pleasant inland towne much frequented by the Frison nobility in regard of the commodity of hunting in the adioyning woods and forrests Embden vpon the Dollaert or the mouth of the Eems a noted port and Empory the chiefe towne and the seat of the prince residing here in a magnificent and strong castle seated at the entrance of the hauen environed with sea-waters Here not long since was the staple for Germany of the English Merchant-adventurers removed since to Stadt and Hamburg The country belongeth to the Earles of Oost-Freistandt The ancient inhabitants were the Chauci Minores of Ptolemy of later times through the neighbourhood of that nation lying vpon the farther side of the Eems falsely named Frisons WEST-FREISLANDT THis belongeth to the description of the Netherlandts accompted now amongst the 17 provinces thereof WESTPHALEN COntaining the parts of the ancient Saxony which were included betwixt the riuers Weser and Rhijn the two Freislandts Over-ysel and the parts hereof in Hollandt and Gelderlandt excepted It is bounded vpon the North with Oost-Freislandt and the Diocese of Bremen vpon the East with the Weser and the Dukedome of Brunswijck vpon the South with the Land of Hessen and vpon the West with the Rhijn from the Diocese of Colen and with Clevelandt Over-ysel and West-Freislandt The aire is sharpe and colde The soile generally is fruitfull rather in pasturages and in commodities seruing for the fatting of beasts then for the nourishment of man apples nuts akomes and sundry sorts of wilde fruits wherewith amongst other kindes infinite heards of Swine are fed whose bacon is much commended and desired in forraine parts The most firtill parts for corne are about the Lippe Paderborn and Soest The most desert and barren those adioining to the Weser Surlandt and the Dukedome of Bergen are hilly and full of woods The Diocese of Munster yeeldeth the best pasturages Chiefer townes are Duseldorp vpon the right shore of the Rhijn in the Dukedome of Bergen In the country of Marck Vnna Dortmund and Soest Paderborn a Bishops sea Munster a Bishops sea seated in a plaine vpon the riuer Eems The towne hath beene made very strong since the surprisall thereof by the Anabaptists It belongeth to the Bishops thus stiled Mynden a Bishops sea vpon the Weser Osenburg a Bishops sea Of these the Dukedome of Bergen and the Earledome of Marck appertaine to the Marques of Brandenburg and the Duke of Nuburg the heires generall of the house of Cleue Engern and Surland belong vnto the Bishops of Colen who are titulary Dukes of Westphalen The rest is divided amongst
sundry petty Lords Bishops and Lay Princes The ancient inhabitants were the Chamavi and Angrivarij with parts of the Tencteri and Cherusct of Tacitus afterwards the Westphali and Angrivarij part of the Saxons The Vbij before Caesar and the Romanes seeme to haue possessed sometimes the parts now of Bergen and Marck removed afterwards by Agrippa beyond the Rhijn into the part of ancient Gaule where now standeth Colen THE ILANDS OF GERMANY THere are not any Ilands of note belonging to this continent excepting those of Rugen Vsedom and Wollin in the Ooster-Sche lying now thwart of Pomeren and accompted parts thereof The rest appertaining sometimes vnto Ancient Germany are subiect at this day vnto the confederate states of the Netherlands and to the kings of Denmarck and Swethen whereof we shall haue occasion to relate in the Description of those countries OF THE STATE OF EVROPE The XIIII Booke COntaining the descriptions and relations of the Common-wealth and league of the Switzers Netherland Danemarck Norwey Swethen Poland and Hungarie The difference in ancient authours about the extent and limits of Illyricum The more true and precise bounds and description of Illyricum or of Illyris and Dalmatia collected out of Ptolemy with reference to Plinie and others The dominion and conquest of Illyricum by the Romanes Herruli Visigothes the Greekish Emperours and the Sclaves The cause here and beginning of the name of Sclavonia The annexing of Croatia and Dalmatia or of the kingdome of Sclavonia vnto the right of the kings of Hungary The dominion and conquest of Dalmatia or of the sea-coasts of Sclavonia by the Venetians The affaires hereof with the Hungarians The conquests and intrusion of the Turkes The present state of Sclavonia or Illyricum The moderne particular names and countries hereof The Chorographicall discriptions of Windischland Krabbaten Bosna Contado di Zara Dalmatia now thus properly tearmed and Albania with their Ilands THE COMMON-WEALTH AND LEAGVE OF THE SWITZERS THIS was sometimes a part of the kingdome and Empire of the Germans from the which it is now divided through a long crazines indisposition of that loose heavie body It lyeth in the confines of France Germany and Italy containing part of each of those provinces with the heights of the Alpes Lepontiae Paeninae and Rhaeticae al which now are either vnited or subject to the Confederacie hereof The bounds hereof are vpon the East the Earledome of Tirol vpon the North Sungow and the Rhijn and Lake of Constance dividing it from Schwaben the Canton of Schaff-hausen excepted which lieth beyond the Rhijn vpon the West the Lake Lemane and the mountainous ridge of the Iour parting it from Savoy and the Free Countie of Burgundie and vpon the South the Dukedome of Milan in Italy It is situated betwixt the 28 and 32½ degrees of Longitude and the 44½ and 47½ degrees of Northerne Latitude or betwixt the 15 or middle paralell of the 6 Clime where the longest day hath 15 houres and a halfe and the 16 paralel and beginning of the 7 Clime where the longest day hath 15 houres and 3 quarters Caesar accompteth the length hereof to be 211 Italian miles the breadth at 180 of the same miles measuring only the Helvetij the other parts not being reckned The country is altogether possessed with steepe and mighty mountains the mother of sundry great and famous rivers of the Tesin Inn Adise Rhosne Russ Aar Limat the Rhijn flowing from hence as from the greatest height and top of Europe towards farre distant and contrary Oceans the Adriaticke Euxine French and German seas The soile for this cause is for the most part cold rockie and barren yeelding little wines neither of corne sufficient store for the necessary vse of the inhabitants plentifull chiefly in pasturages Cattle Flesh and milke-meats Here lye notwithstanding hidden amongst the hills and rocks many fruitfull and pleasant vallies abounding in all sorts of most excellent commodities such as are the Valtolina Wallislandt and other bottomes of the Alpes especially those which open towards Italy and the South The auncient inhabitants were the Helvetij possessing the parts which were included within the Rhijn the Alpes the mountaine Iour and the Lake of Geneue containing now the 13 Cantons of the Switzers Basil and Schaff-hausen excepted Turgow Baden Rapers-wyl Bremgarten Mellingen the Free provinces in Wagenthal Newenburg and Biel part of the Rauraci now the country of Basil part of the Allobroges now Geneve the Veragri now the Lower Wallislandt the Seduni the part now of the Vpper Wallislandt about Sitten the Lepontij inhabiting the creeks and vallies of the Alpes thus named and comprehending now the higher part of the Vpper Wallislandt where springeth the riuer Rhosne Vrseren or the valley of the riuer Russ and on the other side of the Alpes towards Italy Liviner-tal Palenser-tal Eschental Meintal Val Hugonia Masoxer-tal and Galancker-tal with the townes of Bellizona and Locarno vpon the Lake Maggiore the Vennonetes containing now after Tschudus whom he maketh a distinct people from the Vennones the vallies of Cleven Valtolina Gampoltshin Bergel of the Grisons or the courses of the riuers Maira Lyra and Aada vntill their entrances into the Lake of Como the Aetuatij now part of the Grisons about the Vorder and the Hinder Rhijn where are Rhijnwalder Schams Tusis Retzuns Tavetch Diserntis Trans Ilantz Grub Flymss Stussafien the valley of Lugnitz and the Higher Sax. The Cotnantij the parts now of the Grisons where lye the townes of Chur Ortestein Furstnow Vatz Churwald Porpon Burgunn Schanfick Tafaas Alfenow Tuffen-casten Gryffenstein Tintzen Stalla Reamss and Wels with others the Rucantij now Pfevers and Prettigow of the Grisons or the course of the riuer Lanquarte the Vennones now Engadin Vinstermuntz and Vinstgow of the Grisons or the country about the heads of the rivers Inn and Adise the Rheguscae now Rhijntal or the Prefectureship of Rheineck belonging to the Switzers with the opposite shore of the Rhijn appertaining to the house of Austria extended from thence towards Werdenberg and Veldkirch along the course of that riuer vnto the Lake of Constance and the Sarunetes now the countries of Sargans and Werdenberg and vntill the Lake Walensee Of these the Helvetij Rauraci Allobroges Seduni and Veragri were parts of the Gaules containing part of the Provinces of the Alpes Graiae and Paeninae Maxima Sequanorum and Vienniensis The Vennonetes Aetuatij Cotuantij Rucantij Vennones Rheguscae Sarunetes were parts of the Rhaeti Vindelici The Lepontij Strabo placeth amongst the Rhaeti Ptolemie amongst the people inhabiting Italy The Vennones and Vennonetes seeme to haue beene the same nation and to haue beene mistaken by Tschudus A cause of this errour might be their different placing in their authors the Vennones by Strabo being put amongst the Vindelici and the Vennonetes by Plinie amongst the Rhaeti By Caius and Augustus Caesars in their warres of Gaule with the