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ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A95324	The true way to render Ireland happy and secure, or, A discourse; wherein 'tis shewn, that 'tis the interest both of England and Ireland, to encourage foreign Protestants to plant in Ireland In a letter to the right honourable Robert Molesworth, one of His Majesty's honourable Privy Council in Ireland, and one of the members of the honourable House of Commons, both in England and Ireland.	Molesworth, Robert Molesworth, Viscount, 1656-1725.	1697 (1697)	Wing T3129; ESTC R232990	29,409	28

Attack upon Ireland as a step to the Universal Mon●chy and since that Ambition together with the Balance of Power have ●len to France that King has cast a greedy Eye upon this Island There●e it must be the great concern of England to Secure it Sir Humphrey ●lbert in the year 1572 in a Discource concerning ●●land to be found in one of the Manuscripts at Lam●h (a) Lib. L. fol. 239 240. said 't was the Interest of England to take more ●●re then they did of the Settlement of the English here and ●ir being put in a thriveing way and made able to defend themselves for that to ●gland it must be either a necessary Friend or hurtful Enemy That if it shou'd ●ne into the hands of the Spaniards or French England wou'd be surrounded ●●th dangerous Enemies The Danger england has been in and the Money they have Expended on is Island in this last age should methinks without runing up into the story of more Ancient Times convince them of the Reason they have to ●●ke care of the Settlement of this Kingdom The War that began with the ●assacre in 1641 besides all the Bloud that was spilt cost England more ●an double the Money that all Ireland is worth if you 'l allow the Com●tation of some men That the late Troubles of this Kingdom and the Pow●he Irish grew to considering the State of Affairs abroad brought England into some danger all thinking men I believe will allow This they must own that if the Treasure which was spent in Ireland and the Armies which were employ'd here had been sent into Flanders France had been humbled long ago and we had been in possession of an Honourable Peace When this is consider'd it must be allow'd me that if in former times Methods cou'd have been contriv'd to secure Ireland from these Troubles tho' it were by suffering it to grow Rich it had been the undoubted Interest of England to do it From hence I wou'd infer that 't is the Interest of England at this present time to do all that lies in its Power to prevent such Chargeable Bloudy and Dangerous Rebellions for the time to come There is no way of doing it effectually but by Incourageing people to come and Plant here People who will help to bring the Natives into Order and keep them in Subjection Thomas Howard Earl of Surry Eldest Son of Thomas Duke of Norfolk who was made Lord Leivtenant of Ireland in the year 1520 in a Letter to Henry the Eighth to be seen in one of the Manuscripts at Lambeth (a) Lib. H. fol. 339 340. tells him that unless his Grace send Inhabitants of his own natural Subjects to Inhabit such Countries as should be won all his charges wou'd be but wastfully spent for if the Irishrie says he Inhabit they will undoubtedly return to their old ill rooted Customes when they have opportunity as they have ever yet done This Noble Lord in this Letter shews the King the absolute necessity there was for his sending over Inhabitants of his own Subjects to Plant in this Country On which Saying we may make two Remarks which I think will be very useful First we see what a mighty Advantage it is to England that People come fairly in their way of whom by giving them some Incouragement they may as well serve themselves here and keep their own people at home It was then propos'd that the King wou'd Encourage Spaniards Flemings Almains and others to come over but from this the Earl disswaded the King left they should happen to fall into the Obedience of the Prince of their Native Country This was a just caution at that time when the Power of Spain was so great and all were of one Religion it do's not hold in the case of the French who are of the same Religion with us and differ from the Religion of their King and Country Secondly we see what the Great and Wise men reckoned the Interest of England that 't was to subdue Ireland throughly and put it into such a condition that it shou'd not give any Disturbance to England or the English Colony here They were not afraid of Depopulating England or of wanting men to send to raise Smoak in America No Ireland was their great concern They willingly sent their People hither and were very careful to make Ordinances and Laws to keep them here Hence it was that as we find in a Manuscript at Lambeth (a) Lib. G. fol. 13. in the 49th year of Edward the Third there was a Decree of Council that those who had Lands given them in Ireland shou'd abide there in Auxilium Salvationis terrae nostrae Hiberniae to help to preserve our Land of Ireland And in the Reign of Richard the Second his Successor as we find by another of those Manuscripts (a) Lib. M. fol. 35. ano Ric. 2d Rol par Jur. Lond. a Statute was made against Absentces commanding all such as had Lands in Ireland to reside there upon pain of forfeiting two third parts of the profits thereof And in the Reign of Henry the Eighth this Law was made fuller and extended to all their Lands By this Act the Earl of Shrewsbury the Duke of Norfolk the Lord Berkley and others forfeited their Estates here and the former the Ancestor of that Great and Worthy Person the present Duke of Shrewsbury lost that which is now the whole Country of Longford and almost all the Lands of the Counties of Westmeath and Wexford (a) vid. Lib. G. fol. 69. in Manuscript Lambethian These Laws I 'm told are still in Force and some have thought that if they had been duly executed the Irish wou'd not have been able to grow to that Head in Ireland which they lately did Whether this Conjecture be right or no I cannot tell this I may say without offence that the great Adventurers and Estated Men's living in England was always reckoned in former times one of the great Causes why Ireland was not brought into Subjection I could wish that those who have great Estates here wou'd take this into their Consideration now I find that among the other Instructions which the Earl of Essex Lord Lieutenant of Ireland in the year 1573 gave Edward Waterhouse to communicate to the Queen this which we find in one of Sir George Carew's Manuscripts (b) Lib. L L. fol. 8. was one that he shou'd inform her that one great reason of the Armies being diminish'd in the North and that the Country was in the hands of the Rebels was the Adventurers retireing themselves to England The reason why I mention these things is to shew that in former times England did not regard any Advantage of its own which might interfere with the security of this Kingdom how plain wou'd this be if I should give an account of the Ancient Immunities granted by our Kings to the Corporations here and shew on t'other side how the Trade now is Prohibited and

to take a great deal of pains both in Labouring the Ground and in Handicraft Occupations to get a Livelihood The streights they were put to made them Ingenious in their Inventions and when they found they were pinch'd both in the narrowness and produce of their Earth they were forc'd to look for room and provisions in the Sea By this means they fell into Navigation and Traffick grew vastly Rich Built great Cities and became the Envy of some of their Neighbours and the Admiration of Europe These are the Natural and Necessary Effects of much people Countries must be Improv'd and Enrich'd by them and those sooner than others which have the richest Soil and are most favour'd by the Sea England is as great an instance of this as any other Country for that great Wealth which it has acquired by the Improvement of the Woollen Manufacture which is an unknown Treasure is owing to the Walloons to whom Queen Elizabeth gave the greatest Encouragement to come for shelter into England from the Fury of the Duke of Alva's Pesecution But I shall make this plainer to the People of Ireland by giving them a short view of somethings here in our own Country There is in the North of Ireland an Estate which was the Lord Conway's which the Lord Marquess of Normanby the other day enjoy'd in Right of his Lady but now belongs to Mr. Popham Seym●r This Estate was formerly purchased by Sir Foulk Conway Uncle to the late Lord for about Five hundred pounds The Rent-role of this Estate is now about Five thousand pound per Annum Thô there are many great and profitable Leases in it some worth about Four hundred pounds per Annum clear The Land does not lye upon the Sea the Ground but very indifferent 't was altogether a Wood as the name Kilulta the Wood of Vlster denotes and yet in the Memory of men now living has been thus improv'd by a Colony of Yorkshire people and orhers brought over and Settled here by the Lord Conway and manag'd by Sir George Rawdon The same Remarke may be made on the Neighbouring Country of Clan Hugh Boy or O Neal's Country about Belfast and Carrickfergus the former of which Towns is the third in Ireland for Number of People and Trade and yet grew up to what it is from nothing in the Memory of People who liv'd but t'other day since Sir Arthur Chichester got that Estate But why should I mention particular Improvements We know that till about the same time the profits of Ireland in General were very inconsiderable The Rent which the Landlords receiv'd was no more than what he and his Followers eat in their Coshers and the Publick Revenue was not equal to the Charge of the State till of late years All the Advances which the Country made towards a better Fortune were in proportion to the number of People who came over into this Island In Queen Elizabeth's time after the Rebellions of Munster were quell'd some English came over an● Settled in the Plantations there And after that towards the latter en● of Her Reign that Province was render'd more Secure by the Defeat o● the Spanish Forces others came over in King James his Reign These by the Management of the Government and the Care of the Presidents o● Munster put the Country into a little better Condition than 't was in before The same Effect about the same time had the Plantations in the County of Wicklow and part of W●xford where the English had a very ancient Settlement after that the Tools Birn's and Cavenash's had been rooted out And in the King 's and Queen's County after the quieting of the Insurrections of the O Connor's and the O More 's Vlster which before could only afford ordinary Food to the Kerns of the Country and some Military men from the latter end of Queen Elizabeth and the Reign of King James the First began to thrive and alter it's Condition for the better This was occasion'd by the Care which was then taken in Planting the Escheated Countres with new Protestant Inhabitants the Londoners Building Derry and Colrane and sending people to Inhabit them English Colonies Improving the Lands of Chichester and Conway and the Neighbouring places and the concourse of the Scotch out of Scotland These were only the first dawnings of Happiness After the War which began with the Rebellio● in Forty One was ended and the Kingdom was settled in Peace it began to Flourish indeed and Improv'd every day Then Houses were Built Manufactures set up Lands Improv'd and as they now yielded a considerable Rent to the Landlord so were they reckon'd able to pay a Quit Rent to the King This was the Condition of Ireland in the Reign of King Charles the Second it grew every day in Prosperity And the cause of this is very Obvious the number of the British here was grown greater then ever before The Army with which Cromwel Subdued the Irish was considerable after the War was over these continued in the Land the Souldiers most of them set down upon their Debentures a great many Adventurers came over brought English with them and Planted the Estates which were given them for the Money they laid out to carry on the War These were men of another Spirit generally and more opposit to the Irish and their Barbarous Customs then the English who came over before which must be imputed to the great aversion and prejudice which the Bloody Massacre in Forty One had Created in them This new Colony put the English who came over before who according to the old Custom were Degenerating and growing Irish in mind of their Origin and help'd to keep them tite to the English Interest and Protestant Religion By their means Trade Manufactures and the Rents of Lands Increased dayly and the State of the Kingdom was so Improv'd that in the latter end of King Charles the Second's Reign Ireland which before us'd to put England to a considerable charge raised a Revenue of about 330000 l. per Annum Since the late Troubles the condition of the Country is much worse and 't will be in a worse condition than 't is now many fair Houses and some Towns were Bu●●ed and great Numbers of the People Destroyed so that of course Man●●actures must be Imp●ired and Lands Untenanted But people would soon recover it and m●ke it's condition better than ever it was all Forreigners are valuable but some more than others The Du●ch are worth the B●●bing it they could be drawn in that way When we consider how little Land is to be Purchased in Holland what horrible Devastations have been in the 〈◊〉 and the continual danger of the Protestants upon the Rhin● and elsewere we may reckon that abundance of those people would willingly upon any Encouragement flock hither But the French Protestants are the people that we have the greatest expectation from at present and to me they seem to be such as this Country should desire

Irish are so subdu'd that there is no danger of their disturbing us for the time to come By such a forward reckoning as this have the English continually been deceiv'd and very fatally Impos'd on themselves ever since the first Conquest of Ireland I think it Sir not inconvenient to instance some Cases very briefly Henry the Second the First Conqueror after he came into Ireland contented himself with the Oaths and Submissions of the Irish he thought they were sufficient and did not trouble himself with Building of Garisons or Leaving an Army here those who came after him saw that they have but a very bad Interest who rely upon Irish Submissions I find in Sir George Carew's Manuscripts in the Arch-Bishop of Canterbury's Manuscript Library at Lambeth (a) Lib. M. pag. 38. that Richard the Second in the Ninth year of his Reign made Robert de Vere Duke of Ireland Lord Lieutenant here gave him 1500 men super conquestum illius terrae perdues annos they were positive then that those men wou'd serve to Conquer Ireland fully in Two years but they were out in their Reckoning for in the same Book (b) ib. pag. 39. I find which is related likewise by our Historians that King Richard the Second in the year 1394 which was but Nine years after came over himself in Person with an Army of 30000 Archers and 4000 men of Arms. This was a pretty sort of Army for a King to bring into a Country which his Lieutenant had so lately engag'd to Conquer in Two years with less than the 20th part of the men But notwithstanding this Army and the general Submissions of the Irish to him he came over again to head another Army within Five years I find by the Instructions which Queen Eliz. gave that Great and Worthy Person Sir Henry Sidney in the year 1575 when he came over Lord Deputy which are in the Manuscript Library at Lambeth (a) Lib. H. fol. 326. that he had Engag'd to Her that he wou'd defray all Her Charge here for 20000 l. Per Annum besides the Revenue of the Kingdom which was then little or nothing This was more than King Edward the Third gave Sir William Windsor who Covenanted with the King by Indenture to defray all the Charge for 11213 l. 06● 08 d. Per Annum (b) Lib. M. fol. 44. and yet if he had liv'd till the latter end of the Queen's Reign and made his Bargain good he had sav'd Her a Considerable Treasure Four years after Anno 1579 we find among the same Manuscripts (c) Lib. L. fol. 265. that an Opinion touching the Government of Ireland proposes with 2000 Souldiers well plac'd to keep the whole Country in Subjection How these Projectors were mistaken a little time discover'd for Mr. Spencer in his Eudoxus Irenaeus Complains of the vast deal of Money which the Queen had spent in a little time and Camden (a) Camd append to Eliz. tells us that O Neal's War which the Queen ended cost England 1198717 l. Mr. Spencer who was Offended at the Oversight of others is sure he has a contrivance which will put an end to all these Troubles he 's then for having all put to their helping Hands and H●arts and doing all at once If 10000 Foot and 1000 Horse be sent into Ireland he says that in a year and a half 's time they 'l do the work effectually and Settle the Perpetual Peace of the Kingdom (b) Spencer pag. 233. when the Ingenious Mr Edm. Spencer form'd this Scheme Sir William Russ●● who was Sworn August 11th 1594. was Lord Deputy within Four or Five years after his Writing it he saw that he mistook as well as others had done for in the Instructions Queen Elizabeth gave Robert Earl of Ess●x which is in one of the above named Manuscripts (c) Lib. C.C. fol. 169. 170. in the year 1599. on the 25th of March when he was made Lord Lieutenant of Ireland we find She allows him 16000 Foot and 1●00 Horse to finish the War betime and Orders him to receive the Capital Tray●or O Neal to no Conditions but bare Submissions This Army by the Rule of proportion ought to have done hat in somewhat more than a year which Mr. Spencer's was to do in a year and half and yet we find in another Book among Sir George Carew's Manuscripts in Lambeth Library that above Three years afterwards in April 1602 the List of the Army was 1350 Horse and 16000 Foot and in September following the List was 1425 Horse and ●6250 Foot (a) Manucripts in Pag. 14. Any man will at first sight perceive why I am thus particular in mentioning these things 't is to shew how the English have been mistaken in their Reckoning that this may make them cautious at the present The Troubles which follow'd afterwards are a plainer Demonstration of their Errour Notwithstanding the Subjection which the Army of Queen Elizabeth brought the Irish to and the trouble which King James Her Successor had and the Care he took by making New Plantations and Raising strong Fortresses to secure the Peace of this Kingdom yet in 1641 a Rebellion began with a most Bloody Massacre and a War ensued which put England to much more Charge than they were at since the Conquest After this War the English reckoned themselves in Possession of a Peace which cou'd never again be Disturbed And in the year 1672 we find that one of the greatest Heads in Europe (a) Sir William Petty Polit. Anatom of Ireland positively Asserted that it could not be in the power of the Irish to disturb the British of this Kingdom again Had he Printed his Book at that time I should almost have suspected that he wrote it to please the Government that Protestants here might Entertain no Suspicion of the great Favour which by Proclamation was shewn the Irish Papists the Year following 'T is plain from what follow'd afterwards that he was mistaken as others were before him We to our Sorrow are Witnesses that they grew to that head as to put England to the Charge of sending over such an Army as never was seen in this Island before and did themselves the Honour of looking the Most Warlike Prince and after him the greatest General in Europe in the Face I know people will say that this happen'd by the King's Indulgence to them and that 't was impossible they should give England that trouble if the Sword had not been put into their Hands I think 't was possible that they might have had a better opportunity than that For suppose that before King James came to the Crown a Civil War had broken out in England which had employ'd the whole Strength of the Kingdom if the French King in such a Case had Landed a considerable Army in Ireland and the Irish had Universally joyn'd with him would not they have put the English harder to it This might have been for we