N. E. of Bruges and 14 S. W. of Middleburg Long. 22 d. 34 m. Lat. 51 d. 24 m. II. Sas-Van-Ghent Sas-Van-Ghent is a small place but so strong by reason of its situation and fortifications that it is accounted impregnable Yet the Hollanders took it in 1644. It stands 11 miles N. of Ghent Long. 23 d. Lat. 51 d. 20 m. III. Ardenburgh Ardenburgh is also a small place but very strong in Flanders subject to the Hollanders It stands 20 miles N. W. of Ghent Long. 22 d. 36 m. Lat. 51 d. 22 m. Article II. Of the Dukedom of Brabant Lat. Brabantia THIS Dutchy is in a manner an Island encompassed with Rivers having the Meuse on the East and the Nort the Demer on the South which runs through part of this Province and the Schelde on the West with the Ocean on the side of Breda and Bergin-Op-Zoom So that it borders part of the Country of Gelderland Bounds and the Bishoprick of Liege on the East The Country of Hainault and the Country of Namur on the South Flanders and part of Zealand on the West and Holland and another part of Gelderland on the North. Its Extent Extent South and North is about 70 miles and about 60 West and East Quality The Air is generally good and wholesom the Soil is very Fertile except some of the Northern parts which are somewhat sandy and barren The Cities are very fine whereof there are 26 Walled and Strong Towns not mentioning others of less importance and about 100 Villages Villages History The Brabanders are descended from a Colony of Saxons brought from beyond the Elbe by Charlemaign and planted in this Country in 806. Divers Authors say that Anchises or Anchisices Father to Pepin of Haristol was Lord of Brabant Charlemaign and his Children were Masters of this Country until such time as Otho Son to Prince Charles of France Duke of Lower Lorraine being dead in 1004. without being Married Brabant became the Portion of Gerbege second Daughter to the same Charles of France and his first Wife Bonne of Ardenne Married to Lambert II. Earl of Monts and Louvain the Founder of the Branch of the Duke of Brabant and Lothier at first they took only the Title of Earls but 1235 Henry I. took the Title of Duke of Brabant and Lorrain Philip III. called the Good recollected the succession of the Duke of Brabant which he left to Charles the Rash his Son Father to Mary of Burgundy who carried it into the House of Austria by her Marriage to Maximilian afterwards Emperor This Country has been fruitful in illustrious Men and Learned Writers The Rivers Rivers here besides the Meuse and the Scheld are Demer Dommel Senne Aa Dyle Gias Jeckes Nephte both great and small and Mert there is also a great number of small Lakes and Ponds Brabant comprehends the Marquisate of the Holy Empire whose Capital is Antwerp the Lordship of Mechlin the Dutchy of Arschot the Marquisate of Bergues the County of Hooghstraet the state of Maestricht formerly that of Liege and 19 Baronies Louvain was in time past Capital of this Province but now Brussels Brabant is divided into four parts 1. Dutch-rBrabant in which the most remarkable Places are Boisleduc Bish Cap. Breda Bergen-Op-Zoom Grave Ravestein Helmont Eyndenhove Maestricht Lillo 2. Spanish-Brabant properly so called which comprebends Brussels Cap. Louvain Leuwe Arschot Duke Nivelle Tillemont or Tienen Judoigne Gemblour Lire Diest Vilvoerde Herentals Hannuye 3. The Marquisate of the Holy Empire Antwerp Bish 4. The Lordship of Malines which has Malines or Mechlin Arch. To keep to my General division I shall give you here the Description of the Dutch and Spanish Brabant and reserve that of the Mâ—rquisate and Lordship of Malines for the two following Articles Chiefs Towns belonging to the Hollanders in Brabant I. Boisleduc BOisleduc Bolduc or Bosleduc Lat. Boscum-Ducis Sylva-Ducis Bolducum and in Dutch Hertogenbosch the Capital of the Dutch-Brabant with a Bishoprick Suffragant of Malines is situated upon the River Domel which there receives the Aade and afterward the Diese and discharges it self about two Leagues from thence into the Meuse at the place where it formeth the Isle of Bommel Boisleduc is built in a plain where there was a Hunting Forrest belonging to the Dukes of Brabant But Duke Henry going to oppose the incursions which those of Guelder-land made into his Country caused this Wood to be cut down in 1172. where the Foundations of this City were laid which Duke Jeffery finished in 1184. Pope Paul IV. erected it into a Bishoprick in 1559. and Francis Sonnius was its first Prelate The Bishops now are but Titular and make their residence at Goldorp since Boisleduc is fallen into the hands of the Hollanders This City is naturally strong as well by its situation as by its fortifications It is environ'd with Rivers and Meadows covered with Water so that the Avenues to the Town are upon artificial Causeys made turning and winding and commanded by one or other of the six Forts built at some distance without the Town Its Ditches are filled with the Waters of the said Rivers which enter into the City by divers Channels very commodious to the Inhabitants They are almost all Soldiers tho' they do not neglect Trade which occasioneth this saying That the Inhabitants of Boisleduc are Warlike Merchants The City is large fair well built and very populous The Cathedral Church of St. John is one of the most sumptuous of the Netherlands with a very fine Clock The Market-place is environed with fine Buildings where 10 of the greatest Streets do end The Hollanders became at last Masters of it in 1629. by the Valour and Conduct of Frederick Henry Prince of Orange This City stands 43 miles N. E. of Antwesp and 50 almost S. of Amsterdam Long. 24 d. 30 m. Lat. 51 d. 42 m. II. Breda Breda is seated on the River Mereck with the Title of Barony which comprehends now about Seventeen Villages but it had more formerly and Berg-Op-Zoom did then depend upon it Breda had anciently particular Lords of its own and was sometimes in Possession of the Dukes of Brabant but John III. Duke of Brabant sold it again in 1350. to John Polon Lord of Lieck who left an only Daughter Johanna Married in 1404. to Engelbert of Nassau Henry of Nassau begun the Castle of Breda where the Tomb of Renatus of Nassau is to be seen in the Collegiate Church of St. Peter founded about 1303. This City suffered very much during the War between the States and the Spaniards The Prince of Parma took it from the Vnited Provinces July 18. 1581. Maurice of Nassau became Master of it against in 1590. by a Boat loaden with Turf under which he hid 60 Souldiers who rendered themselves Masters of the Castle and he afterwards took the City by Capitulation They tell a very remarkable thing of one of these Soldiers that was hidden under the Turf viz.
had a good Cittadel but William Duke of Cleves and Juliers was obliged to demolish it by one of the Articles of the Treaty made with the Emperor Charles V. It belongs now by Right to the Duke of Newbourg but the Hollanders are in Possession of it THE MARTIAL-FIELD OF EUROPE SECT III. The Duke of Savoy's Dominions THE Territories by Right belonging to the Duke of Savoy Bounds are bounded on the East chiefly by the Dukedom of Milan on the South by the Sea and part of the Commonwealth of Genoa on the West by Provence Dauphine and Bresse in France and on the North by the Lake of Geneva and Switzerland It is a very irregular oblong Figure being in length from Geneva in the North parts of Savoy to the most South Eastern parts of Montferrat about 190 Miles Extent and in breadth from the most Western parts of the County of Nice to the most Eastern parts of Montferrat about 120 Miles The Principal Rivers Rivers in these parts are 1. Po called Eridanus by the Poets which here washes Salusses Carignan Turin Verua and Casal and so goes into Milan 2. Tanare which here washes Ceve Quieras Alba and Asti and runs into the Po in Milan 3. Doere or Doria which washes Aoust and Ivrea and falls into the Po a little above Verua 4. Iser which washes Moustiers runs by Montmelian and goes into France Here are two Lakes Lakes besides that of Geneva viz. 1. That of Bourget and 2. That of Anneci Here are also the Alps and the Appennine the most famous Mountains Mountains in Europe This Country towards the North is generally barren Quality because of the Mountains but towards the South it is exceeding fruitful in all things necessary as Corn Wine Oyl Fruits Venison Cattel Cheese Chesnuts Hemp Flax Minerals and several Quarries of Marble Here is considerable Trading Trade in many good Commodities as Paper Fustians Raw-silks Hides Cloaths Linnen Thread Iron-work Fir-Trees for Masts of Ships c. yet Money is pretty scarce in most Places The ordinary Revenue Revenue of the Duke is said to amount to 1800000 Crowns yearly yet upon extraordinary Occasions he can raise much larger Sums Strength The number of Souldiers which he may conveniently raise is reckoned about 30000. The Religion Religion generally allowed of here is the Roman Catholick yet the Protestants called Vaudois have the free exercise of their Belief in some Valleys of Piedmont The Language Languge here spoken is most commonly the French or at least a Dialect of it the Italian is also very much used In this Country are two Archbishopricks Archbishopricks viz. Turin and Moustiers and thirteen Bishopricks Bishopricks viz. Fossano Ivrea Mondovi and Salusses under Turin Anneci Aoust and Maurienne under Moustiers Acqui Alba Asti Casal and Vercelli under the Archbishop of Milan and Nice under that of Ambrun in France Division The Duke of Savoy's Dominions are commonly divided into four parts viz. 1. Dukedom of Savoy Chambery 2. Principality of Piedmont Turin 3. County of Nice Nice 4. Dukedom of Montferrat Casal Of these the French have Nice part of Montferrat and the greatest part of Savoy the Duke of Mantua has about half of Montferrat the Prince of Massarano has a little part of Piedmont the Prince of Spigno a little of Montferrat so that the Duke of Savoy has but the greatest part of Piedmont and about one half of Montferrat CHAP. I. Savoy Lat. Sabaudia SAvoy Lat. Sabaudia or Sapaudia is one of the finest Sovereign Dutchies in Europe Bounds It Borders the Lake of Geneva Swisserland and the County of Burgundy on the North the Province of Dauphine in France on the West part of Dauphine and of Piedmont on the South and Piedmont and Vallais on the East It s Extent Extent from the South-East to the North-West is about 110 Miles and from the East to the West about 80. The Air is here Cold because of the Mountains always covered with Snow Quality and the Country generally barren however the Valleys yield Corn and Wine the Mountains good Pastures and all manner of Game and the Lakes and Rivers store of good Fish there are also a great many Walnuts and Chesnut-Trees and Forests of other Trees The principal Rivers Rivers here are the Isere Arche and Arve and the Lakes Lakes are two viz. that of Bourget and that of Anneci The Savoyards are generally good-natured laborious and hardy Manners but the Wit of the generality is none of the quickest The Religion publickly allowed is the Roman Catholick This Province was of old possessed by the Alltrobroges Centrones Brannovices History Antuates or Nantuates Latobrigi and Sabaudi It was part of Gallia Narbonensis and of Celtica or Lugdunensis and obeyed to the Romans Upon the declining of the Roman Empire under Honorius Savoy was left as a prey to several Barbarous Nations since that it made part of the Kingdom of Burgundy from whence it came under the Dominion of the Princes that at present are possest of it who derive their Pedigree from one Bertoldus or Beroldus who in the Beginning of the XIth Century was the Rise of this Family The Learned are very much at difference about the Birth of this Prince and his Extraction some derive it from Ancharius Marquiss of Yvree others from Hugo King of Italy and Duke of Provence others say that he was Nephew of Hugo Capet King of France and others make him a Descendant of the Counts of Macon Above fourscore Historians of several Nations follow Guichenon who derives his Genealogy from Wittekindus the Great Duke of Saxony and Angria Father of Witibert Duke of Angria who had two Sons Bruno and Walpert this last was Duke of Angria and Count of Ringelbert and left Immed Duke of Engern who by Huine Countess of Chiren had Hugo Marquiss of Italy who was Father of this Beroldus Earl of Savoy and Maurienne and had for his Successor Hambert Sirnamed White-hands But some French Authors of late viz. Chorier and Du Bouchet have endeavoured to make out that there was never any such Man as Beroldus of Saxony and have found or rather fancied that this Humbert was Grandchild of the Emperor Lewis the Son of Boson the Son of Benvil Count of Ardenna descended from Pharamond or as others will have it from Charlemaign Beroldus and some of his Successors were but Counts of Savoy and Maurienne several Territories were afterwards added to their Dominions And the Emperor Sigismund dignified them with the Title of Dukes in 1417. They now call themselves Dukes of Savoy Chablais Aost and the Canton of Geneva Princes of Piedmont Marquisses of Salusses Counts of Geneve Romont Nice Aste and Tende Barons of Fauligni Lords of Verceilles Marquisses of Italy Kings of Cyprus since Lewis of Savoy who Married Charlotte Daughter to John King of Cyprus and Vicars of the Empire since Thomas the First
That not being able to abstain from Coughing he desired one of his Companions to kill him for fear his Cough should discover the Enterprize Ever since this surprize it is the Custom here to search all laden Boats by stabbing them with a Spit The Hollanders kept Breda until 1625. That the Marquess of Spinola General of the Troops of Spain besieged it Aug. 27. 1625. and took it the 5th of June 1625. This Loss afflicted the Hollanders extreamly but they retook it in 1637. and have kept it ever since Breda is of a Triangular Figure at each Angle there is a Gate Built with Brick and the Curtins are flanked with Thirteen Bastions besides several Cavaleers all mounted with Cannon Breda however is not very well Built yet there is a pretty fair Street in it the Town-house and some other Places indifferent It is in a Marshy Ground and often overflown Its Fields are plentiful in Pastures watered by the Rivers of Aade and Mereck which being joined enter into the City and form divers Channels The Palace of the Castle was lately imbellish'd and the Fortifications repaired and new ones made by the Prince of Orange now King William III. of Great Brittain to whom the City and Barony belongs so that now it is a large Regular City and is both by Nature and Art thought impregnable Besides the Ramparts which are all supported by very strong Brick Arches and raised above the Houses of the Place there are a great many Outworks surrounded with double broad Ditches full of Water Breda is 27 Miles N. E. of Antwerp 20 W. of Boisleduc and 52 S. of Amsterdam Long. 23 d. 57 m. Lat. 51 d. 38 m. III. Bergen-Op-Zoom Bergen-Op-Zoom that is Mountain upon the Zoom Lat. Bergae ad Zomam Berga or Mons supra Zomam and Berci Zoma with the Title of Marquisate is a small but strong Town partly situated upon the River Zoom and partly upon a little Mountain The Church of St. Gertruda was Converted there into a Collegial Church about 1442. Bergen-Op-Zoom has had particular Lords ever since 1212. The Emperor Charles V. being at Tournay in 1528. or according to others in 1533. erected it into a Marquisate since that time the Hollanders got it after the Death of the Marquiss De Bergues whom the Dutchess of Parma had sent into Spain where he was Arrested and Died 1567. They have Fortified this Place well and regularly with a Channel that goes to the Sea defended by divers Forts The Buildings of the Town are fair and handsom and its three Market-places large and capacious Amongst the Edifices the Church of St. Lambert and the Marquesses Palace deserve Observation The Commandant of Requesens was defeated in 1574. near this City which the Prince of Parma Besieged in vain An. 1588. and Marquess Spinola in 1622. It stands 18 Miles N. of Antwerp and 18 W. of Breda Long. 23 d. 32 m. Lat. 51 d. 32 m. IV. Grave Grave Lat. Gravia is a strong Town and of great Importance seated upon the left side of the Meuse whose Waters fill the large Moats which Environ Seven large Bulwarks with their Half-Moons John III. Duke of Brabant in 1323. gave it to Otho Prince of Cuick and Heverle who restored it in 1328. Afterwards it was the occasion of great Wars between the Dukes of Brabant and Holland who both pretended a Right to it It is the Capital City of the Country of Cuickland remarkable for its Fertility and has been a long time in the Hands of the Hollanders Only about the Year 1672. the Torrent of French Victory swept it away into the Power of Lewis XIV But in the Year 1677. Monsieur Chamilli Governour for the King of France surrender'd it to the Prince of Orange now our King after it had been for some time Besieged by Mr. Rabenhauft It lyes in a Marshy Ground 18 Miles almost W. of Boisleduc 72 N. E. of Brussels and 8 S. W. of Nimeguen Long. 24 d. 56 m. Lat. 51 d. 48 m. V. Ravestein Ravestein stands upon the Meuse a little below Grave The Dukes of Cleve have been Lords of Ravestein where they had a good Cittadel but William Duke of Cleve and Juliers was obliged to demolish it by one of the Articles made with the Emperor Charles V. The Duke of Newburg is Sovereign of Ravestein but the Hollanders are in Possession of it It stands 10 Miles almost W. of Nimeguen Long. 24 d. 53 m. Lat. 51 d. 48 m. VI. Helmont Helmont is a little Town and Castle on the River Aade and the Capital of Kemperland It lies 18 Miles S. of Grave and 60 N. E. of Brussels Long. 24 d. 42 m. Lat. 51 d. 32 m. VII Eyndenhove Eyndenhove or Eyndoven is a fine little Town in the Territory of Kemperland subject to the Hollanders ever since 1629. It stands on the River Dommel 10 Miles W. of Helmont Long. 24 d. 38 m. Lat. 51 d. 30 m. VIII Maestricht Maestricht Lat. Obtricum Trajectum ad Mosam or Trajectum Superius to distinguish it from Vtrecht called Trajectum ad Rhenum or Trajectum Inferius It stands upon the Western Bank of the Meuse which has here a Beautiful Stone Bridge over it consisting of Nine Arches from whence the Town hath its Name signifying the passage over the Maes On the Eastern Bank lyes the Wick which is a Suburb to the City The Bishops of Liege and the Dukes of Brabant heretofore divided the Jurisdiction of this City betwixt them but it was in the hands of the latter and with that Dutchy passed to the House of Austria who enjoyed it till 1632. when it was taken by the Hollanders who kept it by the Treaty of Munster The French took it after a sharp Siege in 1673. The Hollanders endeavoured the Reduction of it in 1676. but without success they recovered it by the Eighth Article of the Treaty of Nimeguen in 1678. The Private Houses here are generally covered with a black Slate or Ardoise otherwise not very Beautiful The Town-house is a very fair structure seated in one of the Piazza's Built of white Stone and very well Painted in the inside In another Piazza is a Fountain a row of Trees and a great Church This Town is very strong tho' its Wall be old the Out-works being very considerable Towards the S. E. lyes a Hill which arises gently and overlooks the Town under this Hill is one of the Noblest Quarries of Stone in the World To secure the Town from the disadvantage it might receive from this Hill there was formerly a Fort Built upon it but it has been long since slighted and they have cut an Horn-work within Musket-shot of it and the Bastion answering to it is made very high to cover the Town On the other side of the River stands Wick very well Fortified also and rather stronger than Maestricht into which they may retire if the Town should be taken by Storm All about the Wick the Country is flat there are here many Inhabitants about
French had perpetually the Disadvantage till at last having gained a Pass into his Majesties Camp they over-powered him by their Numbers and some of our Horse not acting their part the King perceiving things in disorder did Valiantly attempt to renew the Battel and seeing that it could not be perform'd commanded a Retreat which was obeyed in very good Order but the Body being in a Confusion sustained a considerable Loss especially at passing the River Geete His Majesty continued so long in the Field that he had much ado to repass that River but accomplisht it at length having behaved himself during the whole Action with admirable Courage and Conduct and Expos'd himself to a Thousand Dangers yet by a particular Providence he came off without any other hurt than a small Contusion on the side by a Musket Bullet and having a piece of his Scarf shot away The Elector of Bavaria perform'd also Wonders during the Fight But the Gallantry of most of the English and Scotch is scarce to be parallel'd The Loss of the French was computed to 18000 Men and that of the Confederates about 7000. The Chief of those who fell on our side was Count Solms Lieutenant-General and his Grace the Duke of Ormond was Wounded and Taken with many other Officers of Note but since redeem'd VIII Gemblours Gemblours Lat. Gemblacum is upon the River Orne with the fine Abbey of St. Benedict whose Abbot is Spiritual and Temporal Lord of the Town It is Famous for a Fight in 1578. and stands by the Borders of Namur 19 Miles S. of Namur and 20 S. E. of Brussels Long. 24 d. Lat. 50 d. 37 m. IX Lire Lire or Lier Lat. Lira is in the District of Antwerp between that City and Mechlin seated upon the River Nethe which falls Two Miles farther into the Ruypel It is naturally strong by its Situation and made much more so by Art and besides a very fine and pleasant Town Famous for its Manufactures and its Fairs for Cattel It stands Seven Miles N. of Mechlin 10 S. E. of Antwerp and 20 N. of Brussels Long. 23 d. 50 m. Lat. 51 d. 9 m. X. Diest Diest is a little Town upon the River Demer with the Title of Barony and the Head of a Territory Subject to our King as Prince of Orange It is considerable for its divers Manufactures of Woollen and Linnen Cloth and for its Two Collegiate Churches It stands 14 Miles almost E. of Louvain Long. 24 d. 24 m. Lat. 51 d. 3 m. There are some other small inconsiderable Towns in the Spanish Brabant such as Vilvoerde Herentals Hannuye c. Article III. Of the Marquisate of the Holy Empire THE Marquisate of the Holy Empire is a very small Province Bounds not being above Seven Miles W. and E. and Four S. and N. yet it is accounted one of the Four Quarters or Tetrarchies of Brabant bounded on the West by Flanders from which it is separated by the River Scheld and on all other sides by Brabant The Chief Rivers Rivers there are the Scheld which washes Antwerp and the Schynt which also runs by Antwerp and there falls into the Scheld This Marquisate belong'd formerly to the Emperor but now to the King of Spain The Chief and only Place of Note in the Province is Antwerp Antwerp Antwerp Lat. Antuerpia or Andoverpum and Antwerpen by the Natives is the Capital of the Marquisate of the Holy Empire with a Bishop's See under the Archbishop of Malines The derivation some give of its Name is Fabulous This City was formerly one of the Richest and most Beautiful of the whole World seated in a spacious Plain upon the Right side of the Scheld where the River divides the Dutchy of Brabant from the County of Flanders It was enlarged by John I. John III. and Charles V. It contains 212 Streets and 22 publick Piazza's The Houses are all neat and fashionable and many of them Magnificent In a word all the Structures both Sacred and Prophane admirable Our Lady's Church the Cathedral is a piece of of incomparable Workmanship it 's above 500 Foot long 240 broad and 340 high contains 66 Chappels embellish'd with Marble Pillars all different in shape and adorned with curious Pictures as well as the Body of the Church The Tower is one of the highest and fairest of Europe Built of white Stone where are 33 large Bells The Three Chief Doors are cas'd with Marble and gilt with Gold This fine Church was almost burnt to the Ground in the Year 1533. and after that pillag'd during the Civil Wars for Religion It was erected into a Cathedral by Paul IV. in the Year 1559. There are Four other Parish Churches viz. St. George St. James St. Andrew and St. Malburge besides 25 Colleges Nunneries and Religious Houses amongst which the Jesuits-Church is very Magnificent it 's paved with Marble on the two lower sides one above another which are supported by 56 Marble Columns The Four Roofs are hung with 38 large Pictures of Rubens in Gold Frames and the Wall pierced with 40 cross Windows lin'd with Marble The chief Altar is all of Marble Jasper Porphyre and Gold The Jesuits Treasure is valued Two Millions The Town-house consists of Four Apartments and the Easterlings House the Exchange and the Galleries that surround it deserve to be seen The Cittadel one of the strongest and most regular is of a Pentagon Figure It encloses two little Hills that give a Prospect all over the Countrey This Cittadel was built in 1567. by the Duke of Alva The City lyes 18 Leagues from the Sea between Malines Louvain Brussels and Bruges The Harbour is very lovely and most convenient there being no less than Eight Channels for Ships to come up by to the City in the chiefest of which 100 may ride together There are 74 Bridges upon these Canals all which Conveniences brought a great Trade to the Town but the Neighbourhood of Amsterdam has deprived it of the greatest part This City suffered much in the Revolt of the Low Countries from the Spaniards who plundered it Three days together burnt above 600 Houses and Kill'd and Drowned 10000 of the Inhabitants The Confederates repair'd it but it was after that retaken by the Prince of Parma after a Years Siege memorable for the many Machines and Devices us'd in it Antwerp stands 24 Miles N. of Brussels Long. 23 d. 36 m. Lat. 51 d. 16 m. Article IV. Of the Lordship of Malines MAlines or Mechlin is another very small Province Bounds bounded on every side with Brabant and is nigh the middle of it and not far off the Borders of Flanders It s extent is about Eight Miles West and East Extent and Five South and North. It is a distinct Province from the rest and the Residence of the Parliament or great Council for these Countries but has not those Priviledges that Brabant has And for that reason most Women here when they are ready to Lie-In go into Brabant
Zulpich Kerpen Dolin Heinsberg Erkelens Gueld Bredebent Grevembruck Aldenhoven I. Juliers Juliers Lat. Juliacum Germ. Julick or Gulick is situated upon the River Roer being an Ancient and strong City with a good Cittadel Some Authors affirm that it was Built by Julius Caesar tho' others are of Opinion that it was Built by Drusus It was taken in 1622. by the Spaniards but was restored to the Duke of Newburg by the Pyrenaean Treaty in 1659. This City is 24 Miles W. of Cologne 15 N. E. of Aix la Chapelle and 34 E. of Maestricht Long. 25 d. 50 m. Lat. 50 d. 56 m. II. Duren Duren or Dueren is a small Town on the River Roer 8 Miles S. E. of Juliers It was once Imperial but is now subject to the Duke of Newbourg III. Aix-la-Chapelle Aix-la-Chapelle Lat. Aquisgranum Germ. Aken is an Imperial Town on the Frontiers of Juliers It is said to have been Built by Granus the Brother of Nero Anno Christi 50. and thence called Aquis Granum others give a fabulous Etymology deriving its Name from Apollo called Granius because of its Medicinal Waters and Baths Charlemaign Riding through the Woods a Hunting his Horse's Foot struck into one of those Hot Springs which occasion'd his observing of the Place and the Ruins of many Palaces adjoining the City having been Ruined by Attila King of the Huns. He found the Place so agreeable that he Built it up again and chose it for his Residence conferred great Priviledges upon it and made it the Seat of the Empire in this side of the Alps ordaining that the King of the Romans should be Crowned here with an iron Crown as at Milan with one of Silver and at Rome with one of Gold He Built also a Collegiate Church Dedicated to the Virgin enlarged and fortified the City so that it flourished till 882. that it was destroyed by the Normans It has suffered much by the Fire divers times since and particularly in 1656. when 20 Churches and 5000 private Houses were consum'd The Town-house is well Built of Free-stone having a Hall of 162 Foot long and 60 broad where the Emperors at their Coronation Treat the Electors and other Princes The Church of our Lady Built by Charlemaign is adorned in the inside with Pillars of white Marble and Brass gilt Statues Brass Doors and much Mosaick Work In the middle of the Church where Charlemaign was Buried hangs a Crown of Silver and Brass adorn'd with 16 little Towers and 48 Statues of Silver of about a Foot high and 32 which are lesser between which stand 48 Candlesticks to receive the Lights Burnt there upon Festivals This was the Gift of the Emperor Frederick I. who took up again the Body of Charlemaign and Buried it again in a Silver Coffin under his own Tomb-stone which is of white Marble and said to have been that of Julius Caesar it has the Figure of Proserpine upon it Out of this Tomb were taken a great many Rarities and Relicks which the said Emperor had got from Aaron King of Persia the Patriarch of Constantinople and others In this Place is also the Tomb of the Emperor Otho who is said to have first Constituted the Electors in 1000. Near this City are many Mines as Lead Sulphure Vitriol Iron Coal and Lapis Calaminaris with which they make Brass or multiply Copper in their Furnaces This City is also Famous for its hot Baths which are very much frequented and exceeding convenient three of them are within the Walls and very convenient the principal is called the Emperors Bath it has Five Bathing Rooms in one of which Charlemaign used to Bath and Swim These Baths rise so hot that they let them cool 12 Hours before they use them There is also a Fountain of this hot Water much resorted to and drunk of in the Summer A little from this City on the other side of a Hill at a Village called Borsett are many hot Springs on both sides of a little Rivulet which compose 28 Baths whose Springs are hotter than any of the City and are cool'd 18 Hours before they be used This City suffered much in the late Wars being taken by the Protestants and retaken by Spinola in 1614. Several Councils have been held in this City which is also famous for a Treaty of Peace concluded there betwixt the French and Spaniards in 1668. It stands 32 Miles almost W. of Cologne 26 almost E. of Liege and 15 almost N. E. of Limburg Long. 25 d. 36 m. Lat. 50 d. 48 m. IV. Zulch or Zulpich Zulch or Zulpich Lat. Tolbiacum stands 10 Miles from Cologne and is the same that was formerly called Tolbiac Famous for the Victory won there in 496. by Clovis because it occasion'd his Conversion The other Towns in Juliers are not very remarkable except Grevembruk which is Famous by the Defeat of the Imperialists in 1648. Dukedom of Berg or Mons. THE Dutchy of Berg or of Mons Lat. Bergensis Name Bounds Quality and Montensis Ducatus is a small Country upon the Rhine betwixt the County of Mark and the Bishoprick of Liege It abounds with excellent Corn and Coal-Mines and belongs to the Duke of Newbourg The Principal Places in it are Dusseldorp Cap. Solingen Lennep Ratingen Hardemberg Berg Everveld Mulheim Blankenberg Siegberg Wieldenberg I. Dusseldorp Dusseldorp the Chief Town of the Dutchy of Berg is pretty well fortified upon the Rhine It belongs to the Duke of Newburg and stands 20 Miles N. W. of Cologne and 23 N. E. of Juliers Long. 26 d. 14 m. Lat. 51 d. 13 m. The other Places are not very considerable County of Mark. THis County lyes betwixt the Dutchy of Westphalia to the East Bounds the Bishoprick of Munster to the North and the Dutchy of Berg or Mons to the West and South The most Remarkable Places in it are Dortmund Cap. Luynen Vnna Ham Essen Werden Zoest Asten Kumen I. Dortmund Dortmund Lat. Tremonia is a little rich and populous imperial and Hanse-Town on the River Empser It belongs now to the Marquiss of Brandenburg and stands 34 Miles S. of Munster and 40 almost N. of Cologne Long. 26 d. 58 m. Lat. 51 d. 28 m. The other Places here do not deserve a particular Description County of Ravensberg THis Earldom is a small Territory that lyes between the Bishopricks of Minden and Osnaburgh to the N. and W. that of Munster to the South and the County of Lippe to the East The only Place of Note here is Ravensberg situated upon a Hill and Subject to the Elector of Brandenburg It stands 20 Miles S. E. of Osnaburgh and 30 almost E. of Munster Long. 27 d. 57 m. Lat. 52 d. 11 m. Lordship of Ravesteyn RAvesteyn is a small Town and Country of Brabant on the Borders of Gelderland The City stands upon the Meuse below Grave 10 Miles almost W. of Nimeguen Long. 24 d. 53 m. Lat. 51 d. 48 m. The Dukes of Cleves have been Lords of Ravesteyn where they
Chronological Succession of the Forty Counts or Dukes of Savoy and Piedmont Earls 24.  Begun in Reigned Y. 1. Beroldus I. Count of Savoy 1000 22 or 23 2. Humbert I. White-hands 1023 25 3. Ame I.   4. Odo 1048 12 5. Ame or Amedaeus II. 1061 34 6. Humbert II. the Strong 1095 8 7. Amedaeus III. 1103 46 8. Humbert III. the Saint 1149 39 9. Thomas I. made Vicar-general of the Empire in Lombardy and Piedmont 1188 35 10. Amedaeus IV. 1233 5 11. Boniface Roland 1238 25 12. Peter the Little Charlemaign 1263 5 13. Philip I. 1268 17 Interruption The Four following had but Piedmont only 14. Philip II. 1282 23 15. James 1326 38 16. Ame 1366 36 17. Lewis 1402 16 18. Thomas II. 1285 10 19. Thomas III. 1295 15 20. Amedaeus V. the Great made Prince of the Empire 1310 13 21. Edward the Liberal 1323 6 22. Aimon the Pacifick 1329 14 23. Amedaeus VI. the Green 1342 40 24. Amedaeus VII the Red 1383 9 16 Dukes  Begun in Reigned Y. 25. Amedaeus VIII made Duke of Savoy in 1416. and Pope afterwards 1392 43 26. Lewis I. 1434 31 27. Lewis II. King of Cyprus having Married Charlotte Daughter of John King of Cyprus 1465 17 28. Amedaeus IX the Fortunate 1482 7 29. Philibert the Hunter   30. Charles I. the Warriour   31. Charles-John-Amedaeus 1489 7 32. Philip 1496 1 33. Gilbert the Fair 1497 7 34. Charles II. the Good 1504 49 35. Emanuel Philibert Iron-pate 1553 27 36. Charles Emanuel I. 1580 50 37. Victor Amedaeus 1630 7 38. Francis Hyacinth 1637 1 39. Charles Emanuel II. 1638 37 40. Victor Amedaeus-Francis the present Duke of Savoy since 1675  Emanuel Philibert Married Margaret Daughter to Francis I. King of France and died in 1580. leaving only one Son Charles Emanuel I. who waged War with France unsuccessfully he Married Katherine Daughter of Philip II. King of Spain and died in 1630. leaving several Sons and Daughters He was succeeded by Victor Amedaeus who was a great Lover of Peace but a War breaking out between the French and Spaniards he sided with the former and died of a Fever in 1637. leaving by his Wife Christina Daughter to Henry IV. of France Aloisia-Maria-Christina Married to his Unkle Maurice Prince of Oneglia Francis who died in 1632. Charles-Emanuel Margaret Married to Rainutius Duke of Parma Adelais Married to Ferdinand Elector of Bavaria And Katharine who died in 1637. Charles Emanuel II. succeeded his Father In 1663. he Married Magdalen Daughter to the Duke of Orleans and after her Death his Kinswoman Mary Daughter to the Duke of Nemours by whom he had the present Duke of Savoy Victor Amedaeus-Franciscus Born in 1666. who Married in 1684. Anna Maria Daughter to the Duke of Orleans by whom he has two Daughters Mary and From Thomas Son to Charles Emanuel I. and Brother to Victor-Amedaeus are descended by Mary of Bourbon Daughter to the Count of Soissons Aloise Married to the Marquiss of Baden Emanuel Philibert who Married Mary Catherine of Est Eugenius Mauritius who Married Olympia Niece to Cardinal Mazarin by whom he had Lewis Thomas Count of Soissons who Married Vrania Daughter to the Lord of Beauvois Philip Born in 1659. and Franciscus Eugenius so much talk'd of in the present Wars Born in 1665. The present Duke of Savoy declared War against France and fell in with the Confederates Jan. 4. 1690. because of the unreasonableness of the French King's Demands who sought no less than to Garrison Turin his Capital City and had prevail'd with him to Persecute his Innocent Protestant Subjects the Vaudois The French King being before that time possest of great part of Savoy has seized the whole since so that the Duke is now confined to Piedmont But in Summer 1692. he Marched with 3000 Men into Dauphine took Ambrun Gap c. spoil'd the Country at pleasure and would have made further progress had he not been taken with the Small-Pox which obliged him to return to Turin Savoy is generally divided into Six Parts viz. On the South 1. Savoy properly so called Chambery Cap. 2. The Valley and County of Maurienne Maurienne Bish 3. The Valley of Tarentaise Monstiers Archb. On the North 4. The Barony of Fossigni Bonneville 5. The Dukedom of Chablais Thonon 6. The Dukedom or Territory of Geneva Geneva Free Annecy Savoy Proper THE places of Note here Chambery Cap. Montmeillan Beaufort Aix Rumilly Les Eschelles Vigne Constans Aiguebele Miolans Chatelar La Rochete I. Chambery Chambery Lat. Cameriacum or Camberiacum or Camberium is the Capital of Savoy the ancient Residence of the Duke and the Seat of a Chamber of Accounts of an Office of Finances of a Bailywick and of a Parliament which they called a Senate because it consisted of Senators and four Presidents This Town is scituated on the confluence of the small Rivers Laisse and Albane or Orbanne in a plain environ'd with several little Hills It is great and well built with a Castle that commands the Town There is in the Duke's Palace the Holy Chappel which has Canons belonging to it and depending on the Bishop of Grenoble in France The chief Church is that of the Parish of St. Leger but there are several others which together with the Jesuits College are a great Ornament to it It is also imbelish'd with many fine Fountains which have their source in the Hill St. Martin and distribute their Water into the several parts of the Town besides this there are several small Channels of the River Orbanne The Houses in many places toward the Street are built on Pillars which form a Gallery and are good Places to walk in in Rainy Weather Chambery to the East has the Suburb of Monmeillan to the West that of Machee Vernay and on both sides very pleasant Walks amongst which the Mail is the most resorted and pleasant This Town is in the Hands of the French since 1690. It stands 27 Miles N. E. of Grenoble 44 S. of Geneva 55 W. of Lyons 100 N. W. of Turin and 270 S. E. of Paris Long. 25 d. 24 m. Lat. 45 d. 4 m. II. Monmeillan Monmeillan Lat. Monmelianus is a little Town upon the Iser 18 Miles S. E. of Chambery It has a vast strong Castle on the top of a steep Rock which commands the narrow passage betwixt the Mountains There is a Well cut in the Rock which supplies the Garrison and Inhabitants with Water The French besieged it 1691. and took it after it had made a very vigorous resistance III. Aix Aix which is Dignified with the Title of Marquisate at the foot of the Mountains between Chambery and Anneci and Rumilly is an ancient Town but small and ill-built However it is famous for the hot Baths of Allom and Sulphur adjoining to it which are very much frequented The County of Maurienne THE County or Valley of Maurienne reaches from the Alps to the River Isere on the one side and on