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ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A35243	The life of Oliver Cromwel, Lord Protector of the Common-wealth of England, Scotland, and Ireland being an account of all the battles, sieges, and other military atchievements, wherein he was engaged, in these three nations : and likewise, of his civil administrations while he had the supream government, till his death.	R. B., 1632?-1725?	1680 (1680)	Wing C7343; ESTC T135016	57,584	144

shew'd their Dislike of this Change of Government but also the Colonies in Virginia and the Carybde Islands to the reducing of whom the Parliament sent Sir George Askue with a Fleet of Ships who brought them again into Obedience In the mean Time the Scots were very busie they had commenced a Treaty with Prince Charles at Breda which at last was concluded on he assenting to their Presbyterian Government and they to instal and re-establish him in that Kingdom and in the other accordingly as they questioned not but Fortune would answer their blind zealous Covenant Expectations The Prince puts forth to Sea and in despite of foul Weather and the English King Fishers that lay there to intercept him he landed safely at the Spey in the North of Scotland Now tho' the Scots had a King yet as if they had none every one did that which is right in his own Eyes and as if they intended him only the Title being now in their Power they forced him to follow the Rules of their haughty Clergy in all their sanatick Humours and imperious Decrees First then they bereaved him of all his old Friends Counsellors and Confederates whether of the Clergy or Laity as those who adhered to Episcopal Government and so not pure enough for so reform'd a People Thus they hamstringed him not as what was formerly in the Sign-post only of printed Papers Next they make him take the Solemn League and Covenant that strange Fire which the Scots believe descended from Heaven and by which they at their Pleasures kindle those Wars wherewith they infest England Then these Horse Farriers of the Conscience gave him another Drench he is taught to Renounce the Sins of his Father's House and of his own the Idolatry of his Mother by a constant adhering to the Cause of God according to the Covenant in the firm Establishment of Church Government as it is laid down in the Directory for publick Worship Confession of ●aith and Catechism These with divers others of the like Nature they wrought so on his Necessity they obtruded or rather rammed into his Conscience although with much Reluctancy he signed to making many strange Faces at these bitter Pills he swallowed yet it better'd not his Condition which was like that of a Child under Tutors and Governors there was not an Officer in that Kirk or Commonwealth how vile and abject soever in Place or Person but enjoyed more Freedom both in Body and Mind than he Guarded indeed he was but no otherwise than he was surrounded with the Ignis Fatuus of their zealous Suspicions of him so that move he must not but in the Sphere of the Kirk their Primum mobile whereby 'tis apparent that the Government of that Nation might be almost question'd whether it ever were truly Monarchial tho' they had Kings To proceed the Parliament having notice of all their Proceedings recalled General Cromwel out of Ireland making him Generalissimo of the Commonwealths Armies in the Lord Fairfax's Stead who at the same Time laid down his Commission he with a choice Army marches into Scotland and after many petty Defeats gives them a great Overthrow at Dumbar September 3 1650 and prosecuting his Victory takes Leith a very considerable and advantageous Place as also Edinburgh the Metropolitan City of all Scotland Thus he set firm there his Sword hewing his Way for him to conquer that Country which the King lost by his Pen. Now were the Scots truly miserable for besides a raging Enemy in the very Heart of their Kingdom they were divided among themselves even to the killing and slaying of one another one Party in the North was for the King without the Kirk another Party in the West was for the Kirk without the King a third Party was for the King and Kirk Yet notwithstanding these Losses and Divisions they assumed new Courage levied more Men and crowned their King with the utmost Magnificence as the Indigency and Necessity of their Affairs would admit The English on the other Side being resolved to terminate this War with Scotland passed over into Fife and having defeated four thousand Scots they soon became Masters of Inchigravy Burntisland and St. Johnstoun Mean while the Scots Army consisting of 16000 abandoned their own Territories and by the Way of Carlisle entred England General Cromwel advertised hereof leaves Colonel Monk with 7000 Men in Scotland to perfect the Conquest of that Kingdom and with the rest of the Army pursues the Scots who wheresoever they came proclaimed their King to be King of Great Britain France and Ireland c. But few stirred unto their Aid among others the unfortunate Earl of Darby who having assembled 1200 Men in Lancashire was defeated by Colonel Lilbourn and to save himself was constrained to flee to Worcester where the Scots after a long and tedious March had pitch'd their Camp whither General Cromwel soon pursued and having the Aid of the Train Bands of several Counties gave them Battle which proved fatal unto the Scots their whole Army being overthrown The King in a Disguise escaped into France not without much Difficulty and Danger the Parliament having promised five hundred Pounds to any one that could discover his Person Such a List of Prisoners as were then taken we shall seldom meet with in any Battle but Cromwel's the Earl of Darby the Earl of Lauderdale Duke Hamilton General of the Scots Army who afterwards died of his Wounds the Earl of Rothes the Earl of Cornwarth the Earl of Shrewsbury Peckington Cunninghame and Clare Knights the Lord Spine and Sinclare the Earl of Cleveland of Kelley and Colonel Greaves six Colonels of Horse thirteen of Foot nine Lieutenant Colonels of Horse eight of Foot six Majors of Horse thirteen of Foot seven and thirty Captains of Horse seventy three of Foot fifth five Quarter-masters eighty nine Lieutenants of Foot Major General Biscotty Major General Montgomery the Lieutenant General of the Ordnance the Adjutant General of the Foot the Marshal General the Quartermaster General the Conductor General of the Baggage seventy six Standards ninety nine Ensigns all which were hung up in Westminster Hall for successive Parliaments to understand what Vigour of Spirits they by their Influence can infuse into those they please please to authorize only the Want of the Allay of their Ambitions often works them high where it is impossible to set limits to generous Minds To continue the other Appendixes to this Victory there were also taken nine Ministers nine Chirurgeons One hundred fifty and eight Colours and all the Cannon and Baggage generally the Royal Standard the King's Coach and Horses the Royal Robe the Collar of the Order of the Garter thirty of his domestick Servants and that admirable Poet his Secretary Fanshaw Several other Persons were also afterwards taken in the remotest Countries as Major General Massey who being committed to the Tower afterwards made his Escape Major General Middleton Lieutenant General David Lesly insomuch as that it may be

Obstruction of it upon nothing more than my own Sin and seeing God sees it fit having not glorified him in my Life I might do it in my Death which I am contented to do I profess in the fear of God particular Malice to any one of State or Parliament to do them a bodily Injury I had none For the cause in which I had long waded I must needs say my engagement or continuance in it hath laid no scruple upon my Conscience it was on Principles of Law the Knowledge whereof I profess and on Principles of Religion my Judgement satisfied and Conscience rectified that I have pursued those ways which I bless God I find no blackness upon my Conscience nor have I put it into the Bed-roll of my Sins I will not presume to decide controversies I desire God to honour himself in prospering that side that hath right with it and that you may enjoy Peace and Plenty beyond all you possess here In my Conversation in the World I do not know where I have an Enemy with cause or that there is such a Person whom I have to regret but if there be any whom I cannot recollect under the notion of christian Men I pardon them as freely as if I had named them by name I freely forgive them being in free Peace with all the World as I desire God for Christs sake to be at Peace with me For the business of Death it is a sad Sentence in it self if Men consult with Flesh and Blood But truly without boasting I say it or if I do boast I boast in the Lord I have not to this minute had one consultation with the Flesh about the blow of the Axe more then as my passport to Glory I take it for an honour and I owe thankfulness to those under whose Power I am that they sent me hither to a place however of Punishment yet of some Honour to die a death somewhat worthy of my Blood answerable to my Birth and Qualification and this courtesie of theirs much helped towards the pacification of my Mind I shall desire God that those Gen●lemen in that sad Bed-roll to be tryed by the High Court of Justice that they may find that really there that is nominal in the Act an High Court of Justice a Court of High Justice high in its Righteousness though not in its severity Father forgive them and forgive me as I forgive them I desire you now that you would pray for me and not give over praying till the Hour of my Death not till the Moment of my Death for the Hour is come already the instant of Time approaches that as I have a great load of Sins so I may have the wings of your Prayers to help those Angels that are to convey my Soul to Heaven and I doubt not but I shall see my Saviour and my gallant Master the King of England and another Master whom I much honoured my Lord Capel hoping this Day to see my Christ in the presence of the Father the King in the presence of him my Lord Capel in the presence of them all and my self there to rejoyce with all other Saints and Angels for ever more After the uttering of these and many the like Words declaring his Faith and Confidence in God with as much undaunted yet Christian Courage as possibly could be in Man he exposed his Neck to the fatal Ax commending his Soul into the Hands of a faithful and merciful Creator thro' the meritorious Passion of a gracious Redeemer and having said Lord Jesus receive me the Executioner with one Blow severed his Head from his Body For such a collateral design not long after one Master Benson was executed at Tyburn one that had some Relations to Sir John Gell who was tried for the same Conspiraccy with his Man Sir John's former Services to the Parliament being his best and most assured Intercessors for his Life and at that time were more then ordinary Advantages to him I shall in the next place give you an account of the Beheading of Sir Henry Hide He was by the Scots King commissonated as Ambassadour to the Grand Signior at Constantinople and stood in Competition with Sir Thomas Bendish then Ambassadour for the English for his Place whereupon they had a Hearing before the Vizier Bassa the result whereof was that Sir Thomas Bendish should dispose of the said Sir Henry Hide as he thought good who was to the same purpose sent to Smyrna thence into England and there condemned and executed before the Royal Exchange in London March 4. 1650. His last Words were to this Effect CHristian People I come hither to die I am brought hither to die and that I may die Christian like I humbly beseech the assistance of your Christian Prayers that by the benefit of them my passage may be the more easie Yet because Men in that condition which it hath pleased God to reduce me to give the more credit to Speech in the discharge of my Duty towards God I shall use a few Words and so conclude I pray all of you join with me to praise this Almighty God to whom I desire to render all hearty Thanks as for all his Mercies so in particular for this that he hath brought me hither that whereas I owe a Debt to Sin and and to Nature that now I can pay the Debt to Nature I can pay it upon the account of Grace And because it is fit to render the blessed account of that hope that is in me I shall tell you to the praise of Almighty God that I have been born and bred up in the Doctrine of the Church of England I have no negative Religion believing to be saved by the only merits of my Saviour Jesus Christ and whatsoever else is profest in the Doctrine and Discipline of the Church of England authorized by Law humbly beseeching Almighay God to restore unto this Church her Peace Prosperity and Patrimony whereof I have an Obedient and a Loving however an unworthy Son and now both my Hope being consident and my Faith perfected there remains only Christian Charity Charity we carry into Heaven Charity on Earth that I leave beseeching all whomsoever I have offended to forgive me as I from the bottom of my Heart do all whomsoever blessing Almighty God for the happy advantage he takes to bring me the sooner to Heaven I bless Almighty God that he hath given me this Advantage as he hath been Merciful to me before the Foundation of the World in my Saviour so that now he hath in Mercy honoured me with a suffering for his Name in Obedience to his Commandment On this Day sevennight I was summoned before that Justice which condemned me on Friday last praised be Almighty God that by this way he hath brought me nearer to himself My charge I presume is publick as my Punishment is visible if there have been any thing in the management of my part being unskilful having

your self only but others also the Sword is an Emblem of Justice The noble Lord Talbot in Henry the Sixths time wrote upon his Sword Ego sum Talboti propter occidendum inimicos meos This Gallant Lord was a better Souldier then a Critick If I might presume to fix a Motto upon this Sword it should be this Ego sum Demini Protectoris ad protegendum populum meum I say this Sword is an Emblem of Justice and is to be used as King Solomon used his for the discovery of truth in the points of Justice I may say of this Sword as King David said of Goliah's Sword There is none like this Justice is the proper Vertue of the Imperial Throne and by Justice the Thrones of Kings and Princes are established Justice is a Royal Vertue which as one saith of it doth employ the other three Cardinal Vertues in her service 1. Wisdom to discern the nocent from the Innocent 2. Fortitude to prosecute and execute 3. Temperance so to carry Justice that Passion be no ingredient and that it be without confusion or precipitation You have given ample Testimony in a●● these particulars so that this Sword in your Hand will be a right Sword of Justice attended with Wisdom Fortitude and Temperance When you have all these together what a comely and glorious fight is it to behold A Lord Protector in a Purple Robe with a Scepter in his Hand a Sword of Justice girt about him and his Eyes fixt upon the Bible Long may you prosperously enjoy them all to your own comfort and the comfort of the People of these three Nations The Speech being ended Master Speaker came from his Chair took the Robe and therewith vested the Protector being assisted therein by the Earl of Warwick the Lord Whitlock and others Which done the Bible was delivered him after that the Sword girt about him and last of all he had the Scepter delivered him These Things being performed Master Speaker returned unto his Chair and administred him his Oath in haec verba I do in the Presence and by the Name of God Almighty promise and swear that to the uttermost of my Power I will uphold and maintain the true Reformed Protestant Christian Religion in the Purity thereof as it is contained in the Holy Scriptures of the Old and New Testament to the uttermost of my Power and Vnderstanding and encourage the Profession and Professors of the same and that to the utmost of my Power I will endeavour as Chief Magistrate of these three Nations the Maintenance and Preservation of the Peace and Safety and just Rights and Priviledge of the People thereof and shall in all Things according to our best ●est Knowledge and Power govern the People of these three Nations according to Law These Ceremonies being performed a Herald of Arms by sound of Trumpet proclaimed him Lord Protector of England Scotland Ireland and the Dominions thereto belonging hereupon the Trumpets sounded again and the People after the usual manner gave several Acclamations with loud shouts crying God save the Lord Protector His Highness had scarce accepted of these Honours but as if the ill affected would not let him breath yet another Plot is discovered Collonel Edward Sexby is said to have conspired against the Lord Protector for which he was committed to the Tower where having continued about half a Year he died But to reflect a little back Mazarine that great Minister of State on which hinge all the grand Affairs of France turn perfects a Peace with England the Protector having no regard to those Advantages that Spain might render him as to Commerce the Places of Hostage which she proffered to put into his Hands as Gravelin Dunkirk and others he was swayed with other Interest which he best understood himself to prefer an Alliance and League with France before all those Advantages except his civility induc'd him which seldom had such Power over him to look more lovingly upon France as the weakest at that time being abandoned by some of her Allies as quite disordered by an Intestine War in her own Bowels her Navigation totally ruined as the Pirates of Dunkirk had blockt up all her Sea Ports whereas the English scowred those Seas cast away the Pyrates and reduced the Mounsieur and Diego by their successes to their so likely advantageous Peace Indeed as one writes it was a high generosity since the English caused the French to lose Graveling and Dunkirk to help France again to take those places In the mean Space was not here rare bandying of Interests France having thus perfected a Peace with England they joyntly resolve to ●ainst the Spaniard hereupon Article● Reynolds with six thousand Foot was sent into Picardy to joyn with the French Cavalry which compleated as gallant an Army as had been seen in France for many Years together These jointly besiege and take Mardike a strong Fort of the Spaniards in Flanders whereof Major General Morgan took Possession for the English as the earnest of further Conquests which the Spaniards attempting for to regain were twice repulsed with very great loss But the Joy of these Successes was mitigated by the Death of Admiral Blake who as he got his Honour by the Sea died on it and that within sight of Plimouth He was a Man who had deserved of his Country and might justly be stiled the Neptune thereof His Body was brought with a Naval pomp by Water from Greenwich to Westminster being a suitable Ceremony to ●his Employment and was there buried in Henry the Seventh's Chappel Upon whom an Ingenious Person bestowed this Epitaph Here lies a Man made Spain and Holland shake Made France to tremble and the Turks to quake Thus he tam'd Men but if a Lady stood 〈◊〉 sight it rais'd a Palsie in his blood agonist who in his Life Had Fortune as familiar as a Wife A stiff hard Iron Souldier for he It seems had more of Mars than Mercury At Sea he thundered calm'd each raging Wave And now he's dead sent thundring to his Grave Soon after was St. Venant taken by the English the Lord Henry Cromwel made Deputy of Ireland Sir John Reynolds Collonel White and some other Officers drowned upon Goodwin Sands as they were coming out of Flanders into England One writes that the subtilty of discovering of Plots though but in the Embrio or before they are hatcht in the time of Peace is the most succinct way of letting of Blood March 24. the last Day of the Year accounted for 1657. a great Conspiracy was again discovered in London several Regiments as was said being enrolled who on the first day of May in the Night Time should have set Fire on several parts of the City and whilst the Confusion and Horrour thereof had seized all Men they should have made a general massacre of all who opposed them Hereupon several Persons were apprehended as Doctor Hewet Sir Henry Slingsby Collonel Ashton c. and a High Court of Justice