enfranchise villaines sondrie other things whiche bycause they be to long to be rehearsed at large and lye not fitly in the way of my purpose I will omit and descend to the Wardeins of the Portes reciting in a short Catalogue the names of so many of them as I haue found to gouern sithence the arriuall of King William the Conquerour And although it be no doubt but that the Portes were vnder the gouernement of some before the tyme of the conquest also yet bycause King William was the first so farre as I haue read that made the office perpetuall and gaue it the title whiche it now beareth the name Wardein I meane whiche came from Normandie and was not at all knowen to the Saxons I thinke best to begin at his time Againe for asmuche as the Constableship of the Castle of Douer and this office haue ben alwayes inseperably matched together and for that I shal haue fitte place to speake of that hereafter when I shall come to Douer I will respit the rehersall of bothe their originalles til then and here in the meane season set down the race of the Wardeins by name only Iohn Fynes created by William the Conquerour Wardein of the Portes and Constable of Douer by gifte of inheritance Iames Fines his Sonne whiche dyed ot Folkston Iohn Fynes his Sonne Walkelm who deliuered it to King Stephan and immediatly after his death abandoned the charge and fled into Normandie Allen Fynes restored by King Henrie the second Iames Fynes his Eldest Sonne Mathew Clere as it should séeme by Mat. Par. Williā Petite who imprisoned Godfrey the Archbyshop of Yorke in Douer castle as vnder that title shal appeare William of Wrotham Hubert of Burgh the Earle of Kent who being deposed Bartram of Cryol succéeded Richard Gray appointed by the Barons that warred against King Henrie the third who was depriued of his office by Hugh Bigot bicause he let in the Popes legate by the Kings licence and against the minde of the Nobles Henrie Braybrooke Edward the first in the lyfe of his father who made Henrie Cobham his deputie whose Sonne Heire called Iohn founded Cobham College Roger Leyborne in the tyme of King Edward the first Stephan Penchester in the tyme of Edward the first Syr Robert Asheton Hugh Spenser the younger in the tyme of Edward the second Edmund of Woodstock the Earle of Kent Reginald Cobham in the time of Edward the third Bartholmew Burwhasse or Burgehersh one of the first companions of the ordre of the Garter Iohn Beauchampe the Earle of Warwike Syr Robert Herle in the latter ende of King Edward the third Edmund the Earle of Cambridge Syr Simon Barley whome Thomas of Woodstocke beheaded Lord Henrie Cobham the Sonne of Reginald Cobhā Syr Iohn Enros Syr Thomas Beaumont Edward the Duke of Aumarle and Yorke whom King Henrie the fourth remoued and substituted in place Syr Thomas Erpingham for a season but afterward he gaue the office to Prince Edward his Sonne who when he was King in possession bestowed it vpon Humfrey the Duke of Gloucester Iames Fines Lord Saye whom Iacke Cade beheaded Edmond the Duke of Somerset Humfrey the Duke of Buckingham Simon Mountford vnder King Henrie the sixt Richard Neuel the Earle of Warwike William the Earle of Arundel Richard the Duke of Gloucester called afterward King Richard the third Sir William Scotte Henrie the Duke of Yorke Iames Fines the Lord Saye Henrie in his Fathers lyfe afterward the eight King of that name Arthur Plantagenet Vicount Lisle Bastard Sonne to King Edward the fourth Sir Edward Poynings Henrie the younge Earle of Richemond Sir Edward Guldeford George Boleyn Vicount Rocheford Sir Thomas Cheynie Treasurour of the houshold Sir Wiliam Cobham Lord Cobham Thus much of the v. Portes in general Now of Sandwiche the first of them in the order of my iourney and then orderly of so many of the residue as lye within the Shyre that I haue presently in hand Sandwiche is called in Latine Sabulouicum or Portus Rutupinus in Saxon Sondƿic that is to say the Sandie Towne because the coast therabout aboundeth withe Sande THis Towne as it appeareth by the report of Leland and as it may séeme also by the name it selfe being méere Saxon began by the Saxons after the fall of poore Richeborowe which was in price while the honour of the Britons stood vpright and was eyther abated dy the furie of the Saxons when they wonne that coast from them or els came to ruine by the alteration and vicissitude of the Sea whiche peraduenture choked the hauen thereof with light sande as it hathe since that time done this at Sandwiche also King Canutus gaue as some write to Christes church in Canterbury Sainct Bartholmews arme if happely it were not a chaungeling for Kings great men were oftentymes after that sort deluded though they in the meane time bought such reliques dearely and thought that kinde of gifte moste princely he gaue also a riche Pall a Crowne of Golde and this hauen of Sandwiche together with the royaltie of the water on eache side so farre as a shippe being on flote at the full Sea a man might caste a shorte hatchet out of the vessell vnto the Banke The place it selfe grewe in tyme to be wel peopled and of worthynesse to be one of those Portes that foūd fauour of priuilege in consideration of their seruice at the Sea for it appeareth by the booke of Domesday that this was the estate of Sandwiche It laye in a hundreth belonginge to it selfe it did to the King suche like seruice by tenure as Douer did It was of the possessiōs of Christes Churche as I haue shewed and was appointed for the apparell of the Monkes of that house to the whiche it yealded fourtie thousand herrings besides certaine money and had in it thrée hundreth and seuen houses inhabited And I finde not but that the Towne continued in the like plight long after the Conquest being somewhat amended also by the Staple whiche King Edward the first for a season remoued thither euen vntil the time of King Henrie the sixt in whose dayes Peter Brice the Steward of Normandie landed at Sandwiche and with fire and sworde wasted the Towne in manner to ashes and slewe the inhabitants almoste to the last man Since whiche time partly by the smarte of that wounde but chiefly by the aboundaunce of the light Sande wherewith the Sea hath glutted the hauen it is declined to great decay and were like to fall to extreme ruine were it not that nowe presently it is somewhat relieued by the repaire of suche as haue abandoned their Countrie for the fréedome of their consciences whose aboade howe long it will bée the Lorde onely knoweth for whose cause they suffer banishment There was in this Towne before the generall suppression a house of Carmelites whereof I read none other good thing saue that it brought foorthe one learned man called
of the number of 329 16 peucata Leucata 341 7 burgHEr burHEs 342 10 the word which the which worde 344 17 reiected eiected 358 27 caelcE aelcE 361 23 other uche other suche 362 15 Hi ƿHrto Hi þErto  18 ƿE Hit þE Hit 366 25 three estales three estates 370 1 vaginacae vagniacae  3 ƿyrHam ƿyrtHam 391 32 in feodo in feoda 392 10 in feodo in feoda 396  in the mar that call call that 399 11 shall entree shall enter  12 condtion condition  33 exemplfied exemplified 400 29 and in case not and not in case  30 is iustified is iustised 406 25 seiset seisei 407 24 may waine her may waiue her Saxones ANGLIAE HEPTARCHIA ¶ The exposition of this Map of the English Heptarchie or seauen Kingdomes TO the ende that it may be vnderstoode what is ment by the tearmes of Eastsaxons Westsaxons Mercia Northumberland and such other of which there is common mention in the Treatise folowing I haue thought good to prefixe a chard of the seauen sundry Kingdomes into the whiche this Realme was sometime diuided But yet for the better and more plaine explication of the matter it shall bee good first to know that all these Nations following haue had to doe within this our Countrie The Brittons the Romanes the Scottes and Pictes the Saxons the Danes and the Normanes The Bryttons after the Samothees and Albionees whiche be of no great fame in our history were the most auncient Inhabitantes of this land and possessed it in peace vntil Iulius Caesar the Romane Emperour inuaded them for so muche may a man gather of Horace his wordes where he sayeth Intactus aut Brytannus Sacra vt descenderet catenatus via c. These therefore weare by Iulius Caesar subdued to the Romane Empyre and their country made a tributarie Prouince in whiche case it continued many yeares togeather vntyll at the length they being greiuously vexed with the Pictes and Scottes their neighbours on the North and being vtterly voide of all hope of aide to bee had from the Romanes their patrons who also at the same time weare sore afflicted with the inuasion of the Hunnes and Vandales like barbarous nations they weare enforced to séeke for further helpe And therefore sent into Germanie from whence they receaued hyred Souldiours of the Nations called Saxons Iutes and Angles vnder the conduicte of Hengist and Horsa two naturall brethren and both verie valiant Captaines These Sctos as them selues do write weare a people of Scythia that came first into Spaine then into Ireland and from thence to the North part of Britaine our Iland where they yet inhabit They were called Scots or Scyttes of Scyttan which is to shoote The Pictes also came from the same place after them and occupied the parts where VVestmorland and Galoway now be And they were called Pictes either for that they vsed to paynte their bodies to the ende to séeme the more terrible or els of the word◠〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 which signifieth a Champion by reason of their great courage and hardinesse The Saxons Iutes Angles weare the Germains that came ouer as we haue saide in aide of the Britons of which the first sorte inhabited Saxonie the seconde were of Gotland and therfore called Gutes or Gottes The thirde weare of Angria or Anglia a country adioyning to Saxonie of which the Duke of Saxonie is Lorde till this day and beareth the name therof in his stile or title of honour and of these last we all be called Angli English men These Germaines for a season serued against the Scots and Picts But afterwarde entised by the pleasure of this countrey and the fraude of the enemies they ioyned handes with them and all at once set vpon the Britons that brought them in and so driuing them into Fraunce Wales and Cornwall possessed their dwelling places and diuided the countrye amongst themselues Howbeit they also wāted not their plague For after that they had long warred one vpon another for the enlarging of their particular kingdomes and had at the last so beaten the one the other that the whole was by the Westsaxons reduced into one entier Monarchie sodainly the Danes a people of Norway Denmarke came vpon them and after much mischiefe done in the ende tooke the crowne quite and cleane from them But they were expulsed after thirtie yeares trouble and the Englishe and Saxon Nation restoared to the royall dignitie which yet they enioyed not many yeares after For straight vpon the death of Edward the Confessor William of Normandy whose people at the first came from Norway also and were therfore called Normans demaunded the Crowne and wan it of Harold in the Fielde whose posteritie holdeth it tyll this day Thus muche of the Nations that haue had interest in this Realme Now to our purpose that is to the diuision of the same into the sundrye kingdomes vnder the Saxons And although by reason of the continuall contention that was amongst them for enlarging their bounds there can no certaine limits of their kingdomes be appointed yet wee wil go as neare the trouth as wee can and folow the best approued authours that haue written thereof The first Kingdome therefore was called the Kingdome of the Westsaxons bicause it was in the West parte of the Realme and it comprehended the whole Shires of Southampton Berk Wilton Dorset and Somerset besides some partes of Surrey Gloucester and Deuonshyre As for the residue of Deuonshyre and whole Cornwall the Britons reteyned it whose language is not there as yet forgotten The seconde was the Southsaxon Kingdome so termed bicause it lay South and conteined whole Sussex and the remaine of Surrey The thirde was the Kentish Kingdome and had for the most part the same boundes that the Shyre of Kent yet hath although at some tyme and by the prowes of some King it was extended muche further The Kingdome of Estsex or of the Estsaxons was the fourth which was named of the situation also and included the whole Shires of Estsex and Midlesex with some portion of Hartfordshyre The fifte was of the East Angles or East Englishmen consisting of the I le of Elye and the Shyres of Norfolke Suffolke and Cambridge The Kingdome of Mercia or Mearclande had the sixt place which was so called of the Saxon woords Mearc signifiyng a bounde limit or marke as wee yet speake and that bicause it lay in the midst of this our Iland as vpon the whiche al the residue of the Kingdomes did bounde and weare bordered In this Kingdome weare wholy these Shyres Lincolne Northampton Rutlande Huntingdon Bedford Buckingham Oxford Chester Derby Notingham Stafforde And partly Hereford Hartford Warwick Shropshire and Gloucestershire Northumberlande so called because it laye North from the Riuer Humber was the seauenth Kingdome and it enuironned Yorkshire Durham Northumberlande Cumberlande and Westmerlande wholy and so muche of Lancashire besides as was not in Mercia This
Fraunchiles Of the Duchie Of the Archebishop Of the Bishop of Rochester Of the Deane of Canterbury Of Otforde Of Wye Of Asheford Of Wrotham Of Elfham Of Osprenge Knightes fées in olde time 254. and Di. whereof .27 belonged to the Archebishop eyght to the Bishop of Rochester and the rest to the King. Forrestes and Parkes South Frythe for Northe Frythe .3 parkes Otforde two Knoll Gromebridge Panthyrst disparked Penshirst Brasted dis Henden dis Heuer dis Bropam dis Wrotham dis Ightam dis Cage dis Postern dis Sutton dis Langley dis Cooling Byrling Cobham Alington dis Merewood dis Grenewiche Eltham 3. Ashowre Southparke Lullingstone Calehyl Léedes S. Augustines Bedgebury Westenhanger Halden Haniswell Hungershall Lye dis Folkston dis Shorland Stonehyrst dis Stowting Saltwood Posting At Ashford Sissingherst Glassenbury Oxenhoth .2 dis Hilles of name Shooters hyll Red hyll Gads hyll Cockshoot hyll Shorne hyll Northdownes Boxley hyll Boughton hyll Byrling hyll Ryuer hyll Raynam downe Myll hyll Baram downe South downes Ryuers Thamis Rauenshorne Cray Darent Medwey Rother Lymen Bewl Genlade Wantsume Stowre Bridges at Depeford vpoÌ„ Rauens Lewsham vpoÌ„ Rauens Crayforde vpon Cray EatoÌ„ bridge vpon Medwey TuÌ„bridge 5 vpon Medwey BraÌ„tbridge vpon Medwey Twyford vpon Medwey Yalding vpon Medwey Teston vpon Medwey Farley vpon Medwey Maydstone vpon Medwey Ailesford vpon Medwey Rochester vpon Medwey Shorham vpoÌ„ DareÌ„t Ainsford vpoÌ„ DareÌ„t FarninghaÌ„ vpoÌ„ DareÌ„t Dartford vpoÌ„ DareÌ„t Chaford Lamberhirst Bewl Hetcorne Newendene Ashford Canterburie Cities Canterburie Rochester Markets vpon Tuesday at Wrotham Wednisday at Douor Sandwiche Canterbury Grauesend S. Mary Cray Thursday at Maydstone Fryday at Sandwyche Canterburie Rochester Tunbridge Saturday at Rumney Hythe Douer Sandwyche Feuersham Mylton Asheford Cranebrooke Lenham Mallyng Sennock Dartford Fayres at Ashford 27. Iuly being S. Ruffines day Bromley 1. Februarie being S. Bridgets day and the .25 of Iuly being Saint Iames day Brastede on Thursday in Rogation wéeke Charte the great 25. Marche being the Anunciation of the blessed virgine Marie Charing 23. April being S. Georges day 13. October being S Edwards day 18. Octob. being S. Lukes day Caunterbury the tuesday in Whitsou wéeke 27. Iuly being the seauen fléepers day 29. Sept. being S. Michaels day and. 29. Decem. being S. Thomas Beckets day Cranbrook 29. May being S. Corones day and. 24. Iune being Midsomer day Chilham 25. Iuly being S. Iames day Charlton 18. Octob. being S. Lukes day Clyffe 17. September being S. Lamberts day Douer 25. Iuly being S. Iames day 24. August being S. Bartilmews day and. 11. Nouemb. being S. Martines day Feuersham 14. February being S. Valentines day and. 1. August being Lammas day Folkstone 27. Iune being S. Crescents day Grauesend 25. Ianuary being S. Paules day and 13. October being S. Edwards day Hertesham 24. Iune being Midsomer day Hedcorne 28. Iune being S. Leos day Hide 17. Nouemb. being S. Hughes day Lenham 27. May being S. Béedes day and. 21. September being S. Mathews day Lydde 11. Iuly being S. Benets day Maidstone 1. May being Phillip and Iacobs day 9. Iune being S. Edmundes day 6. October being S. Faithes day 2. Feâ— being the Purification or Candlemas day Meteworth 10. August being S. Laurence day Malling 21. September being S. Mathews day 1. August being Lammas day 6. Nouember being S. Lennards day S. Margarets neare Dartford 20. Iul. being S. Margarets day Northfleete the Tuesday in Easter wéeke Otford 24. August being S. Bartilmews day Pluckley 5. Decemb. being S. Nycholas euen Rochester 19. May being S. Dunstanes day and. 30. Nouember being S. Andrews day Romney 1. August being Lammas day Reculuer 7. Septemb. being the Natiuitie of the blessed virgine Marie Sâ—ttingborne 21. Sept. being S. Mathews day Strowde 10. August being S. Laurences day Sandwiche 23. Nouam being S. Clements day Sandhyrst 7. Decem. being the euen of the Conception Sennock 6. Decemb. being S. Nycholas day and 29. Iune being S. Peters day Tunbridge Ashwednesday 24. Iune being Midsomer day 18. Octob. being S. Lukes day Tenterdene 26. Aprill being S. Cletes day Wye 13. Marche being S. Theodores day Wrotham 23. April being S. Georges day Boroughes Canterburie Rochester Maydstone and the ports townes Castels at Canterburie Rochester Douer and the Castell at the Key Léedes Tunbridge Mylton Grauesend 2. Quynborow Cooling Sandowne Dele Walmer Saltwood Alington Shorham Ainsford Tong. Layborne Vpnore Honourable houses belonging to the Prince at Grenewiche Eltham Dartford Otford Knoll S. Augustines Douer castell Dele castell To the Archbishop Canterburie Wingham Forde To the Byshop of Rocchester Broomley Rochester Halling To men of honour Berling Cobham Cooling Penshyrst Shorland Houses of poore people with prouision of liuing at Grenewiche Orpington Lullingstone Shorhant Senuock Rochester Great Chart. Canterburie Sandwiche Douer Houses of poore people without prouision Dartford Whitdiche Chestnut wood Religious houses that sometime were and their yearely values Wingham 84 li. by yeare Mynster Wye Colledge 93. li. Horton Priory 95. li. Bilsington Priory 81. li. Newendene Folkstone 41. li. Douor Pryor 170. li. Meason dieu Hospitall there 59. li. Bradsoll Abbay of S. Radigundes 98. li. Westlangdon 56. li. Boxley 204. li. Léedes Pryory 362. li. Combwell 80. li. Feuersham 200. li. Aninton Pryory there Maydstone col 159. li. Shepey 129. li. Motenden 60. li. Christes Churche In Canterbury S. Augustines In Canterbury s Sepulcres 29. li. In Canterbury S. Gregories In Canterbury S. Tho. hos 23. li. In Canterbury S. Iames hos 32. li. In Canterbury S. Nicholas hosp 109. li. In Canterbury S. Maries without Cant. Rochester pryorie 486. li. Cobham col 28. li. Strood 52. li. Malling Abbay 218. li. Higham pryorie Tunbridge pryory Ailcfford Dartford 380. Grenewiche Meason dieu at Osprenge Lesnes Ab. Schooles at Canterburie Rochester Sandwiche Cranbrooke Great Charte Bydendene Tunbridge Maydstone Sennock ¶ The names of suche of the Nobilitie and Gentrie as the Heralds recorded in their visitation 1574. To the whiche I haue added suche as I called to mynde and haue set a starre before ech of them that they may be knowne from the rest A. * Syr Christopher Allen. * Asheley * Richard Agall William Acher Christopher Abdy Richard Austyn * Robart Alcock Iames Austyn B. Syr Richard Baker Nicholas Barham Serieant at the lawe * Edward Boyes * Boughton * Iohn Barnes * Humfrey Bridges * Bonham Ralfe Bosseuile Robert Byng Danyell Bettenham Thomas Brent Iohn Boys Frauncis Bourne Henry Brochull Iohn Barham * Iames Barham William Browne Iohn Barowe Nicholas Béere Thomas Blechenden William Bedingfeld Michaell Berifford * Ierome Bret. * Bam. * Nicholas Ballard C. * Sir William Cobham Lord CobhaÌ„ and wardein of the fiue Portes Syr Henry Crispe Syr Thomas Cotton * Syr Rowland Clarke * Syr AlexaÌ„der Colpeper Syr Henry Cobham George Catlyn * Barthram Calthrop * Chowne William Cromer George Clifford Humfrey Clarke William Clarke Robert Colwell William Cheyney William Claybrook William Crispe William Cayser * Iustinian Champneys * Giles Crowe * Thomas Colpeper *
Cranwell * Crumpton * Carrell * Iohn Cobham Cuttes D. * Syr William Damsell * Thomas Darrell * Robert Deane * Dalyson Richard Déering Delahay Iames Dalton * George Darrel Iohn Delapynd Gaius Dixon William Drayner * Digges * Thomas Duke E. Daniell Euering Vincent Engham Ralfe Edolf Fraunces Eglesfield F. Syr Thomas Fane Thomas Fane George Fogge. * Henry Fane Thomas Fyneux Symond Fifeld Thomas Farby Alexander Fisher Thomas Fluyd Robert Fylmer Iohn Franklyn Moyle Fynche * Thomas Fisher * Ralfe Fynche G. * The Lady Golding Syr Thomas Guldeford Edmund Gay George Goldwell Thomas Gréeke William Gybs Henry Gylman Thomas Godden * Richard Garthe * Barnabe Gooche * Norton Gréene H. Syr George Howard * Syr Perceuall Hart. Syr Iames Hales William Hamon Richard Hardes Roger Herleckenden * Christopher Harflete * Honywood * Iohn Heyton Thomas Honywood Henry Haddes Iohn Harper Martyn Herleckenden * Edward Hales * Richard Heron. Ralf Hayman Abacuk Harman Thomas Hamon William Holmden * George Harte I. * Syr Humfry Iylbert Iohn Iden William Isley Paul Ihonson * Martyn Iames. K. Syr Thomas Kempe * Richard Knatchbull L. * William Louelace Serieant at the Lawe * Thomas Louelace Iohn Lennard Richard Lone Anthonie Light. Thomas Lewson William Lewknor Lée * William Lambade M. * Roger Manwood Iustice of the common place George Multon Edward Monings Iohn Moyle William Midleton Walter Meyny Anthony Meyny William Mount. * Edward Martyn Moore N. Syr Henry Neuill Lorde Aburgeuenny * Alexander Neuill Valentine Norton * Thomas Neuill * Thomas Neuill O. Henry Oxenden Iohn Orwell P. * Thomas Potter * Payne William Partridge Ciriac Petit. Henry Petit. William Petit. William Pordage Richard Parkar * Iames Peckam * Iohn Pet. * Palmer R. * Syr Iohn Ryuers * Thomas Randall Walter Roberts * Iohn Roberts William Roper Robert Rudstone Richard Rogers Robert Rychers William Raynes S. * Syr Henry Sidney Knight of the Garter Lord Deputie of Ireland and Lord President of Wales Syr Warham Seintleger Syr Thomas Scot. Anthony Sandes Iohn and Edw. Sibyll Vincent S. Nicholas Iohn Sidley Christopher Samson William Swanne William Swanne Thomas Stoughton * Charles Scot. * Frauncis Sandbache * Reynold Scot. * Somers * Frauncis Shakerley * William Sydney T. Iohn Tuftone Thomas Tourney Roger Twisden Morice Tichebourne Iohn Twyne Thomas Tuttesham William Tylghman * Iames Tebolde Iohn Tebolde * Robert Thomas * Frauncis Thynn * Richard Tomeyo W. Syr Thomas WalsinghaÌ„ Thomas Wootton * Thomas Watton * Thomas Whetenhall * Ralfe Weldon * George Wyat. * Thomas Wale Thomas Willoughby Frauncis Wilford Iohn Wybarne Richard Waller Iohn Wylkyns Thomas Waren William Weston Dauy Wylkyns Robert Walker * Edward Wyat. * Robert Wyseman The names of the Kentish writers drawne for the most part out of the Centuries of Maister Iohn Bale Androgeus Comes Ethelbertus Rex Lotharius Rex Eadricus Rex Wightredus Rex Heddius Stephanus Tobias Cantianus Neotus Aldulphius Serlo Fridegodus Haimo Folchardus Obsernus Eadmerus Aernulphus Elmerus Odo Cantianus Alexander Cantuariensis Eadmundus Gryme Radulfus Roffensis Richardus Pluto Richardus Douerensis Sampson Durouermus Radulfus Maidston Geruasius Dorobernensis Solitarius Presbyter Nigellus Wireker Alexander Theologus Simon Stokius Ioannes Cantianus Haimo de Feuersham Thomas Spottus Simon Mepham Petrus de Ikham Guilielmus Pagham Ioannes Tanetos Thomas Chillenden Guilielmus Starnfield Thomas Pontius Simon de Feuersham Martinus de Clyuo Thomas de Stureia Reginaldus Cantuariensis Radulphus Strodus Thinredus Douerius Guilielmus Thorne Richardus Maidston Guilielmus Gillingham Ioannes Wrotham Ioannes Oldcastle Dominus Cobham Ioannes Langdene Guilielmus Whyte Guilielmus Beckley Ioannes Capgraue Guilielmus Stapilhart Ioannes Fisher Ioannes Frithe Simon Fishe Thomas Wiat Senior Leonardus Digs Ioannes Ponetus Richardus Turnerus Elizabetha Regina Hytherto almost altogether out of Maister Bale to the whiche these may bee added that haue written since Ioannes Colpeper Thomas Digs Thomas Harman Edouardus Deering Thomas Potter Reginaldus Scot. Alexander Neuille Georgius Harte Guilielmus Darrel Thomas Twyne Hitherto of Kent in particularitie and by way of Table Whereof some part is drawne out of credible Records part is spoken of mine owne knowledge and part is fetched from other men by information For the first forte I holde my selfe sufficiently warranted but in the other twaine if either by want of memorie I haue not taken all or by too muche credulitie haue mistaken any I pray pardon for it and desire the Reader either to correct or supplie it by his owne discretion and iudgement Now a fewe wordes of the Welshe Hystorie and then to the diuision of the Shyre Countrie it selfe ¶ A short counsell as touching the Bryttishe hystorie ALbeit that I am iustly occasioned before I make myne entrie to speake largely for confirmation of the credite of oure Bryttishe or Welshe hystorie the faith wherof is by William Petite and Polidore Virgile called into question for as muche as I shal be enforced to vse it as a ground worke of my whole frame and building yet for that I mynde not in any part of this my labour to handle with many wordes matters in controuersie being otherwise sufficiently charged with things more incident to my purpose and no lesse fit to be knowne And bycause also that matter hath alreadie founde more learned and diligent patrones I will with fewe wordes passe it ouer contenting my selfe if I shall haue added to other mens heapes one small proofe or twaine whiche by chaunce I gleaned after them and referring suche as desire more aboundant testimonies to the reading of Iohn Leland and Syr Iohn ap Rese two learned men that haue plentifully written therein The state of the matter is this whether Geffrey of Monmouthe be the authour of the Bryttish storie as William Newborow and Polydore charge him or the translatour thereof onely out of the Bryttishe as him selfe in his booke professeth Whereof must néedes ensue That if the worke be his owne it hath no more credite then he him selfe being the author coulde bring vnto it But if he did only translate that whiche Walter the Archdeacon of Oxforde brought out of NormaÌ„die and deliuered vnto him Then doth not the estimation depende vpon Geffray but vpon some other whâ—â—soeuer he were that first wrate it Now that it may appeare vnto you that he was only the interpreter of that whiche came out of Normandie I will call to witnesse Henrie the Archdeacon of Huntington who liued in the time of king Henrie the first and was somwhat before William Petites dayes who as him self confesseth was borne in the beginning of the reigne of king Stephan about whiche time Geffray of Monmouthe was on liue also This Henrie besides a learned hystorie of the realme wrate thrée seuerall treatises whiche I haue séene One intituled De miraculis Angliae An other De serie ReguÌ„ potentissimorum And the thirde De origine Regum Brytannorum In this latter he sayth playnly That at such time as he trauayled towardes Rome he founde in an auncient Librarie of the Abbay
Norton Wilmus de Sutton For such as we call nowe Iohn Norton and William Sutton and amongst the Gentlemen of Chesshyre euen to this day one is called after their maner Thomas a Bruerton another Iohn a Holcrost and suche like for Thomas Bruerton Iohn Holcrost c. as we here vse it Thus muche shortly of mine owne fantasie I thought not vnmeete to impart by occasion of the name of Norwood and now forward to my purpose againe Leedes in Latine of some Lodanum of others Ledanum Castrum RObert Creuequer was one of the eight that Iohn Fynes elected for his assistance in the defence of Douer Castle as we haue already shewed who taking for that cause the Manor of Leedes and vndertaking to finde fiue Warders therefore builded this Castle or at the least an other that stoode in the place For I haue read that Edward thē Prince of Wales and afterward the first King of that name being Wardein of the Fiue Portes and Constable of Douer in the life of Henrie the third his Father caused Henrie Cobham whose ministerie he vsed as substitute in bothe those offices to race the Castle that Robert Creuequer had erected bicause Creuequer that was then owner of it Heire to Robert was of the number of the Nobles that moued and mainteined warre against him Whiche whether it be true or no I will not affirme but yet I thinke it very likely bothe bicause Badlesmere a man of another name became Lord of Leedes shortly after as you shall anone sée and also for that the present woorke at Leedes pretendeth not the antiquitie of so many yeares as are passed since the age of the conquest But let vs leaue the building and goe in hand with the storie King Henrie the first hauing none other issue of his bodie then Maude first married to Henrie the Emperour whereof she was called the Empresse and after coupled to Geffray Plantaginet the Earle of Angeow fearing as it happened in déed that after his death trouble might arise in the Realme about the inheritance of the Crowne bycause she was by habitation a straunger and farre of so that she might want bothe force and friends to atchieue her right And for that also Stephan the Earle of Boloine his sisters sonne was then of greate estimation amongst the noble men and abiding within the Realme so that with great aduauntage he might offer her wrong he procured in full Parleament the assent of his Lordes and Commons that Maude and her heires shoulde succéede in the kingdome after him And to the ende that this limitation of his might be the more surely established he tooke the fidelitie and promise by othe bothe of his Clergie and Laytie and of the Earle of Boloine him selfe Howbeit immediatly after his decease Stephan being of the opinion that Si ius violandum est certe regnandi causa violandum est If breache of lawes a man shall vndertake He must them boldly break for kingdomes sake Inuaded the Crowne and by the aduice of William the Archebishop of Canterbury who had first of al giuen his fayth to Maude by the fauour of the common people whiche adheared vnto him and by the consent of the holy father of Rome whose will neuer wanteth to the furtheraunce of mischiefe he obtained it whiche neuerthelesse as William of Newborowe well noteth being gotten by patterne he held not past two yeres in peace but spent the residue of his whole reigne in dissention warre and bloudshed to the great offence of God the manifest iniurie of his owne cousine and the grieuous vexation of this countrie and people For soone after the beginning of his reigne sundry of the Noble men partely vpon remorse of their former promise made and partly for displeasure conceiued bycause he kepte not the othe taken at his Coronation made defection to Maude so soone as euer she made her challenge to the Crowne So that in the end after many calamities what by her owne power and their assistaunce she compelled him to fall to composition with her as in the storie at large it may be séene Nowe during those his troubles amongst other things that muche annoyed him and furthered the part of Maude his aduersarie it was vpon a time sounded by his euil willers in the eares of the cōmon sort that he was dead And therewithall soudenly diuers great men of her deuotion betooke them to their strong holdes and some others seised some of the Kings owne Castles to the behalfe of the Empresse Of whiche number was Robert the Earle of Gloucester and bastarde brother to Maude who entred this Castle of Leedes mynding to haue kept it But King Stephan vsed against him suche force and celeritie that he soone wrested it out of his fingers King Edwarde the seconde that for the loue of the two Spensers incurred the hatred of his wife and Nobilitie gaue this Castle in exchaunge for other landes to Bartilmew Badelesmere then Lorde Stewarde of his housholde and to his heires for euer who shortly after entering into that troublesome action in whiche Thomas the Duke of Lancaster with his complices maugre the King exiled the Spensers bothe loste the Kings fauour this Castle and his life also For whilste he was abroade in ayde of the Barons and had committed the custodie thereof to Thomas Colpeper and left not onely his chiefe treasure in money but also his wife and children within it for their securitie It chaunced that Isabell the Kings wife mynding a Pilgrimage towards Cāterbury and being ouertakē with might sent her Marshal to prepare for her lodging ther. But her officer was proudly denyed by the Captaine who sticked not to tell him that neyther the Quéene ne any other shoulde be lodged there without the commandement of his Lord the owner The Queene not thus aunswered came to the gate in person and required to be let in But the Captain most malepertly repulsed her also in so much that shee complained greauously to the king of the misdemenour and he forthwith leuied a power and personally sumoned and besieged the peice so straightly that in the end through want of rescue and victuall it was deliuered him Then tooke he Capitaine Colpeper and houng him vp The wife and children of the Lord Badelesmere he sent to the Towre of London The treasure and munition he seised to his owne vse and the Castle he committed to such as liked him But as the last acte of a Tragedie is alwayes more heauie sorowful thē the rest so calamitie woe increasing vpō him Badelesmere him self was the yere folowing in the company of the Duke of Lancaster and others discomfited at Borowbrig by the Kings armie and shortly after sent to Canterbury and beheaded I might here iustly take occasion to rip vp the causes of those great and tragicall troubles that grewe betwene this King his Nobilitie for Peter Gaueston these two Spensers the rather for that the common sort of
in setting vp of sumptuous housinge so he spared no coste in garnishing Greenewiche til he had made it a pleasant perfect and Princely Palaice Marie his eldest daughter and after Quéene of the realme was borne in this house Queene Elizabeth his other daughter our most gratious gladsom Gouernour was likewise borne in this house And his deare sonne King Edward a myracle of Princely towardnesse ended his lyfe in the same house One accident more touching this house and then an ende It hapened in the reigne of Queene Marie that the Master of a Ship passing by whilest the court lay there and meaning as the manner aad dutie is with saile and shot to honour the Princes presence vnaduisedly gaue fyre to a peice charged with a pellet in sted of a tampion the which lighting on the Palaice wallranne through one of the priuie lodginges and did no further harme ¶ Blackheathe ADioyninge to Greenewiche lyethe the plaine called of the colour of the soyle Blackheathe the which besides the burthen of the Danishe Camps whereof we spake euen now hath borne thrée seueral rebellious assemblies One in the time of Kinge Richard the second moued as it shal appeare anon in Dartford by Iack Straw whom William Walworth then Mayor of London slowe with his Dagger in Smithfielde in memorie whereof the Citie had geuen them for increase of honour a Dagger to be borne in their shield of armes Iack Cade that counterfeit Mortimer and his fellowes were leaders of the second who passing from hence to London did to death the Lord Say and others in the time of King Henrie the Sixt. These two besides other harmes that vsually accompanie the mutinic and vprore of the common and rascal sort defaced fouly the Records and monuments both of the law and Armourie The parts of Rolles remayning yet halfe brent doo witnesse the one And the Heraldes vnskill comming through the want of their olde Bookes is sufficient testimonie of the other The third insurrection was assembled by Michael Ioseph the black Smith and the Lorde Audley vnder the reigne of Kinge Henrie the Seuenth at whiche time they and their complices receaued their iust deserte the common number of them being slaine and discomfited and the leaders themselues taken drawne and hanged Of this last there remaineth yet to be séene vpon the Heathe the places of the Smithes Tente called commonly his forge And of all thrée the graue hilles of suche as were buried after the ouerthrowe These hillockes in the West Countrie where is no smal store of the like are called Barowes of the olde Englishe word BurgHer whiche signifieth Sepulchres or places of burying which word being a spring of that olde stocke we doe yet reteine aliue The first and last of these commotions were stirred of a griefe that the common people conceaued for the demaund of two subsidies of whiche the one was vnreasonable bycause it was taxed vpon the Polls and exempted none were he neuer so poore The other was vnseasonable for that it was exacted when the heades of the common people were full of Parkin Warber The third and midlemoste grewe vpon a grudge that the people tooke for yeelding vp the Duchie of Angâ—ow and Maynie to the King of Sicil The comming in of whose daughter after that the King would néedes haue her to wife notwithstanding his precontract made with the Earle of Armenac was not so ioyfully embraced by the Citizens of London vpon Blackheathe wearing their red Hoodes Badges and blewe gownes as in sequele the Marriage and whole gouernment it self was knowne to be detested of the countrie Commons by bearing in the same place Harnesse Bowes Billes and other Weapon But bicause I cannot without paine and pitie enter into the consideration of these times and matters I will discourse no farther thereof but crosse ouer the next way to Lesnes and prosequute the rest of the bounds of this Bishopricke Lesnes mistaken as I thinke for LesÆ¿es Leswes whiche signifiethe Pastures I Could easily haue beléeued that the name Lesnes had béen deriued out of the Frenche and that it had béen first imposed at the foundation of the Abbay saying that I finde the place registred in the Booke of Domesday by the very same and none other calling And therfore I am the rather led to thinke that the name is Saxon and there miswritten as many other be by reason that the Normans were the penners of that booke Lesnes for Leswes the word whiche in the Saxon tongue signifieth Pastures and is not as yet vtterly forgotten forasmuche as till this day Pastures be called Lesewes in many places This is my fantasie touching the name wherein if I fayle it forceth not greatly since the matter is no more weightie Concerning the Hystorie of the place only I finde that Richard Lucy a priuie Counselour of the State and chiefe Iustice of the Realme in the time of King Henrie the second founded an Abbay there the temporalties wherof amounted as I finde to seuen poundes sixe Shillings and eight pence But as for the extent of the whole yearely value I haue not learned it Earethe in some olde euidences Eard deriued as I gesse of Aerre Hyðe that is the olde Hauen FOr plaine example that oure Elders before the conquest had their trialles for title of land and other controuersies in each shire before a Iudge then called Alderman or Shyreman of whom there is very frequent mention in the Lawes of our auncestours the Saxons the whiche some yeares since were collected and published in one volume and for assured proofe also that in those dayes they vsed to procéede in suche causes by the oathes of many persons testifying their opinion of his credit that was the first swearer or partie after the manner of our daily experience as in the oath yet in vre and called commonly Wager of Lawe is to be séene I haue made choice of one Hystorie conteining briefly the narration of a thing done at this place by Dunstanc the Archbishop of Canterbury almost a hundreth yeares before the comming of King William the Conquerour A rich man saith the text of Rochester being owner of Cray Earithe Ainesford and Woldham and hauing none issue of his body deuised the same lands by his last wil made in the presence of Dunstane and others to a kinswoman of his owne for life the Remainder of the one halfe thereof after her death to Christes Church at Canterbury and of the other halfe to Saint Androwes of Rochester for euer he died and his wife toke one Leofsun to husband who ouerliuing her reteined the Land as his owne notwithstanding that by the fourme of the deuise his interest was determined by the deathe of his wife Herevpon complaint came to one Wulsie for that time the Scyreman or Iudge of the Countie as the same booke interpreteth it before whome bothe Dunstane the Archebishop the parties them selues sundrie other Bishops and a great multitude of the Lay people
retent doth reteine no seruice deuers sey sauuet nequedent as autres Seigneurages fees fermes to himselfe but saueth neuerthelesse to the other Lords their fees e les rentes dont les auant diz tenemenz de Gauylekende fermes and the rentes wherewith the aforesaide tenementes of ensi rendus auaunt furent charges per ceux ou Gauelkind so rendred were before charged by him or theim per celuy que le charger poent ou poeyt which might charge them Eclament auxi que si And they claime also that if any nul tenant en Gauylekende reteine sa rent e son seruice del tenant in Gauelkind reteine withholde his rent and his seruices of the tenement tenement quil tient de son Seign querge le Seign per whiche he holdeth of his Lorde let the Lorde seeke by the agard de sa court de treys semeynes en treys semeynes truue award of his courte from .3 weekes to .3 weekes to find some distresse destreâ—se sur cel tenement tant que a la quart court a totefet vpon that tenement vntill the fourth court alwayes with per tesmoynage Et si dedens cel temps ne trusse destresse on ce witnesses And if within that time he can find no distresse in theÌ„ tenement per queux il puisse son tenant iustiser tenement whereby he may haue iustice of his tenant Donc a la Then at the quart court seit fourth court let it be agard awarded quil pregne cel tenement en that he shall take that tenement into sa mein en noum de destress his hand in the name of a distresse ausi come boef ou vache as if it were an oxe or a cow e le tiene vn an and let him keepe it a yeare e vn iour en sa mein sance meyn and a daye in his hande without manuring ouerir dens quel terme it within which terme si le tenant vent e rend ses if the tenaunt come and paye his arrerages arrerages e feit renables amendes de la detenue and make reasonable amendes for the withholding a donc eit e ioise son tenement sicom ses auncestors e Then let him haue and enioye his tenement as his auncetors and ly auant le tyndront Et sil ne vent deuant lan he before held it And if he do not come before the yeare e le tour and the day passe donc auge le Seign al prochein Counte suiant oue resmoynage paste then let the Lord goe to the next countie court with the witnesses de sa court e face la pronuncier cel proces pur of his owne courte pronounce there this processe to haue tesmoynage auer further witnesse Et per agard de sa court apres ceo Counte And by the award of his court after that couÌ„tie tenue entra e meynouera en celes terres e tenemenz courte holden he shal enter manure in those lands tenemeÌ„ts sicome en son demeyne Et si le tenant vent apres e voillâ— as in his demeanes owne And if the tenant come afterwarde and will ces tenemenz reauer e tener sicome il fist deuaunt face rehaue his tenements hold them as he did before let him make gree al Seigneur sicome il est auncyenement dist agreement with the Lord according as it is aunciently sayde NegHe syþe selde and neg He syþ gelde and fif pond for þe Æ¿ere er He bicome Healder Aussi il cleyment que nul home deit serment sur liure fere Also they claime that no maÌ„ ought to make an othe vpon a booke per destress ne per poer de Seigneur neither by distresse nor by the power of the Lord ne de Baylif nor his bailyfe encountre sa volunte saunz bref le Roy sinon pur feaute against his wil without the writ of the King vnlesse it be for fealtie fere a son Seigneur meske per deuaunt Coronner ou auter to be done to his Lord but only before the Coroner or suche other minister le Roy qui Real poer eyont de enquerer de minister of the King as hathe Royall power to enquire of trespas fet encountre la Coronne nostre Seigneur le Roy. trespasse committed against the crowne of our Lord the king Ecleyment And auxi que checun Kenteys put autre assonier en they clayme also that euerie Kentishe man may essoine an other la court le Roy en Counte en hundreth e en la either in the Kings court or in the countie or in the huÌ„dreth or in the court son Seigneur la ou assoigne gist aussi bien de commune Court of his Lord where essoine lieth the aswel in case of coÌ„muÌ„e sute come de play Estre ceo il cleyment per especial fet le Roy sute as of plea. Moreouer they claime by an especiall deed of king Henrie pere le Roy Edward que ore est que dieu Garde que Henry the 3 father of King E. which now is whoÌ„ god saue that of de tenementz que sont tenus en Gauylekende ne scit prise battaille the tenements which are holden in Gauelkind ther shal no battail ne graund assise per xij chiuallers sicome aillours be ioyned nor graund Assise taken by .xii. Knights as it is vsed in est prise en le reaume ceo est a sauoir la ou tenaÌ„t e le demauÌ„dant other places of the realme this is to weet where the tenant demauÌ„dant teneÌ„t per Gauylekende mes en lu de ces grandes assises holde by Gauelkinde But in place of these ground assises seieÌ„t prises Iurees per xii homes tenaÌ„tz en GauylekeÌ„d Issi let Iuries be taken by .xii. men being tenants in Gauelkind so the que quatre tenaÌ„tz de GauylekeÌ„d elisent .xij. tenaÌ„tz de Gauyle foure tenants of Gauelkinde choose .xii. tenants of Gauelkinde to kende iurours E la chartre le Roy de ceste especiaute est en la be Iurors And the chartre of the King of this especialtie is in the garde Sire Iohan de Norwode le tour S. Elphegh en CaÌ„terbyre custodie of Sir Ihon of Norwood the day of S. Alphey in Canterburie le an le Roy Edward le Fiz le Roy Henrie .xxi. the yere of King Edward the sonne of king Henrie the xxi Ces sont les vsages de Gauilekend e de Gauylekendeys en KeÌ„t These be the vsages of Gauelkind of Gauelkinde men in Kent que furent deuaunt le conquest e en le Conquest e totes houres whiche were before the conquest and at the Conquest and euer teskes en ca since till now The names of such persons as procured their possessions to be altered from the nature of Gauelkinde by acte of Parleament made .31 H. 8. Cap. 3. Thomas Lord Cromwell Thomas Lord Burghe George Lord Cobham Andrew Lord Windsore Syr Thomas Cheyne Syr Christopher Hales S. Thomas Willoughbie S. Anthonie Seintleger S. Edward Wootton S. Edward Bowton S. Roger Cholmley
William Becley in the reigne of King Henrie the sixt But nowe lately to repaire the losse of that dissolution Maister Roger Manwoode a man borne in the Towne and aduaunced by vertue and good learning to the degrée of a Serieant at the Lawe hathe for the increase of Godlinesse and good letters erected and endowed a faire Free Schoole there from whence there is hope that the common wealth shall reape more profite after a fewe yeares then it receaued commoditie by the Carmelites since the time of their first foundation This only is that whiche I had to say either of the present or passed estate of this place whiche done I will procéede to the narration of suche other thinges as long since happened thereaboutes partly for the illustration of the antiquitie of the towne partly for the setting forth of the cōmoditie of the hauen but chiefly for the obseruation of the order whiche I haue beegonne whiche is to pretermitte nothing woorthie note that I finde in stoarie concerning the place that I take in hand But bycause that whiche I haue to say dependeth altogether or for the greater parte vpon the Hystorie of the Danes whiche many yeares together disquieted this land it shal bée fitte aswell for the better explication of the thinges presently in hand as also for the more easie vnderstanding of other matters that must hereafter followe to disclose so compendiously as I may the first beginning procéeding and ending of the Danishe affaires warres and troubles within this Realme Aboute the yeare after Christe seuen hundreth foure score and seuen thrée vessels of the Northe East Countrie men whose ancestors had before within the compasse of one hundrethe and fourtie yeares sacked Rome in Italie foure seuerall times and whose ofspring afterward wonne Normandie from the Frenche King shewed them selues vpon the westerne shoare of England being sent before hand as it is supposed to espie the cōmoditie of the hauens the aduauntage of arriual the wealthe and force of the inhabitants to the end to prepare the way for greater powers then were appoin to followe These had no sooner set some of their men on lande but the Reeue or officer or Beorhtricke or Brictricke then King of the West Saxons had knowledge therof who came vnto them and demaunding the cause of their arriual would haue carried them to the Kings presence but they in their resistance slewe him wherevpon the people of the Countrie adioyning addressed themselues to reuenge and assembling in great numbers beate them backe to their ships not without the losse of some of their company And this was the first attempt that euer the Danes for so our hystories cal by one general name the Danes Norwais Gottes Vandals others of that part made vpon England after whiche tyme what horrible inuasions miseries calamities and oppressions followed shall appeare anone Not long after this enterprise a fewe ships of them made the lyke assay in Scotland and within short space after that also some other of them entred Tynemouth Hauen in the North parte of England and taking some small booties retourned to their vessels Now by this experiment they had gained sufficient knowledge of that for whiche they first came therefore thinking it fit tyme to assay further they rigged vp a greater numbre of ships armed more store of chosen souldiers entred the Riuer of Thamise with fiue and thirtie sayle landed in despight of the people fired spoyled herried and preuailed so farre that Egbert who then had the Monarchie ouer all England was faine to come with all his power to the reliefe and rescue But suche was the will of God for the punishement of Idolatrie and superstition which then ouerwhelmed this Realme that the Danes in stead of being discomfited by the Kings repaire were merueilously encouraged by his misfortune For after that they had once gotten the better in the field against him they were so embouldened therby that notwithstanding he afterward and some other valiant Princes following by great prowesse abated their furie in parte yet adioyning themselues to the Britons that then were in great emnitie with the Saxons and swarming hither out of their owne Countrie in such flightes that the number of the slaine was continually supplied with greate aduauntage they neuer ceassed to infeste the Realme by the space of thrée hundreth yeares and more during the reignes of fiftéene seuerall Kings till at the last they had made Etheldred flye ouer into Normandie leaue them his Kingdome During all whiche time howe mightely their forces increased vnder Hinguar Hubba Halfden Guthrum Aulaf and Hasten their Nauie being rysen from thrée ships to thrée hundrethe and fiftie at the least howe pitiously the East West Southe and Northe parts of the Realme were wasted the townes Cities religious houses and Monasteries of eache quarter being consumed with flames howe miserably the common people were afflictted men women and children on all sides going to wracke by their tempestuous furie howe marueilously the Kings were amased the arriualles of these their enemies being no lesse sudaine then violent howe barbarously the monuments of good learning were defaced the same suffering more by the immanitie of this one brutishe Nation then by all the warres and conquestes of the Pictes Scots Romanes and Saxons and finally how furiously fire and swoord famine and pestilence raged in euery place God and men Heauen and the elements conspiring as it were the fatall destruction of the Realme I may not here stand to prosecute particularly but leauing eache thing to fitte place I will procéede with King Etheldred and so to my purpose This man aboue all other was so distressed by their continual inuasions that since he wanted force to make his longer defence he thought it best to giue money for their continuall peace And therefore charging his people with importable tributes he first gaue them at fiue seuerall payes 113000. l. afterward promised thē 48000. yearely hoping that for asmuch as they seemed by the manner of their warre rather to séeke his coyne then his kingdome to rob then to rule at the least this way to haue satisfied their hunger but like as the stone called Syphinus the more it is moisted the harder it waxeth so no giftes could quenche the golden thirste of these gréedie raueners but the more was brought to appease them the more stonie and inexorable they shewed thēselues neuer ceassing euen against promises othes hostages to execute their accustomed crueltie Herevpon King Etheldred hauing nowe exhausted the whole treasure of his Realme and therefore more vnable then euer he was either by power or praier to help himself or to relieue his subiectes determined by a fine policie as he thought to deliuer bothe the one and the other For whiche purpose by the aduise of one Huna the generall of his armie he wrote letters to eache part of the Realme commaunding that vpon S. Brices day which is the morowe after Sainct