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lord_n duke_n earl_n edward_n 17,131 5 8.3264 4 false
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ID Title Author Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication) STC Words Pages
A88898 England described: or The several counties & shires thereof briefly handled. Some things also premised, to set forth the glory of this nation. / By Edward Leigh Esquire, Mr of Arts of Magdalen-Hall in Oxford. Leigh, Edward, 1602-1671. 1659 (1659) Wing L994; Thomason E1792_2; ESTC R202677 90,436 256

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hall_n of_o justice_n in_o this_o be_v the_o judicial_a parliament_n court_n the_o upper-bench_n the_o common-plea_n and_o the_o chancery_n and_o in_o place_n near_o thereabouts_o the_o star-chamber_n the_o exchequer_n court_n of_o ward_n and_o court_n of_o the_o duchy_n of_o lancaster_n in_o which_o at_o certain_a set_a time_n we_o call_v they_o term_n cause_n be_v yearly_o hear_v and_o try_v this_o judgement_n hall_n king_n richard_n the_o second_o build_v out_o of_o the_o ground_n as_o appear_v by_o his_o arm_n engrave_v in_o the_o stonework_n and_o many_o arch_a beam_n there_o be_v a_o hundred_o twenty_o and_o one_o church_n more_o than_o rome_n itself_o can_v show_v redcliff_n so_o call_v of_o the_o red_a cliff_n a_o pretty_a fine_a town_n and_o dwell_a place_n of_o sailor_n enfield-chase_n a_o place_n much_o renown_v for_o hunt_v in_o this_o county_n without_o the_o city_n of_o london_n be_v reckon_v parish_n much_o about_o seventy_o three_o with_o the_o city_n liberty_n and_o 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good_a husbandry_n it_o become_v very_o fruitful_a but_o else_o where_o it_o be_v more_o barren_a rough_a and_o as_o it_o be_v unmanurable_a and_o in_o many_o place_n sea-cole_n be_v dig_v up_o in_o great_a plenty_n to_o the_o great_a gain_n of_o the_o inhabitant_n and_o commodity_n of_o other_o thrilwale_n castle_n not_o great_a but_o strong_o build_v otterburn_n where_o there_o be_v a_o field_n most_o valiant_o fight_v between_o the_o scot_n and_o english_a in_o which_o the_o victory_n wave_v alternative_o too_o and_o fro_o three_o or_o four_o time_n and_o fall_v in_o the_o end_n to_o the_o scottish_a *_o axelodunum_n hexham_n newcastle_n *_o scot_n upon_o tine_n the_o very_a eye_n of_o all_o the_o town_n in_o these_o part_n ennoble_v by_o a_o notable_a haven_n which_o tine_n make_v be_v of_o that_o depth_n that_o it_o bear_v very_o tall_a ship_n and_o so_o defend_v they_o that_o they_o can_v neither_o easy_o be_v toss_v with_o tempest_n nor_o drive_v upon_o shallows_o and_o shelf_n it_o be_v situate_a on_o the_o rise_n of_o a_o hill_n it_o be_v adorn_v with_o four_o church_n and_o fortify_v with_o most_o strong_a wall_n which_o have_v seven_o gate_n in_o they_o with_o many_o tower_n it_o be_v wealthy_a partly_o by_o intercourse_n of_o traffic_n with_o the_o german_n and_o partly_o by_o carry_v out_o sea-cole_n wherewith_o this_o country_n abound_v both_o into_o foreign_a country_n and_o also_o into_o other_o part_n of_o england_n portus_fw-la castrum_fw-la carbo_n salmo_n selina_n molaris_fw-la murus_n pons_fw-la templum_fw-la schola_fw-la sunt_fw-la novi_fw-la gloria_fw-la castri_fw-la hurst_n a_o sylva_n nomen_fw-la accepit_fw-la nec_fw-la aliunde_fw-la sejactat_fw-la quam_fw-la a_fw-la minaci_fw-la castello_n lel._n comment_n in_o cygn._n cant._n tinmouth-castle_n a_o stately_a and_o strong_a castle_n morpeth_n a_o famous_a little_a town_n morpith-castle_n so_o call_v from_o the_o death_n of_o the_o pict_n in_o that_o place_n withrington_n a_o ancient_a 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the_o utmost_a town_n in_o england_n
berwicus_fw-la and_o the_o strong_a hold_n in_o all_o britain_n it_o be_v well_o near_o compass_v about_o with_o the_o sea_n and_o twede_n together_o upon_o the_o west_n part_n of_o northumberland_n the_o picts-wall_n be_v in_o some_o of_o the_o waste_n ground_n the_o wall_n be_v to_o be_v see_v of_o great_a height_n and_o almost_o whole_a the_o roman_a briton_n be_v continual_o molest_v by_o the_o often_o incursion_n of_o the_o barbarous_a people_n call_v pict_n the_o emperor_n severus_n build_v a_o wall_n of_o stone_n long_o with_o great_a wisdom_n and_o industry_n to_o strengthen_v the_o northern_a part_n of_o britain_n against_o the_o many_o inroad_n of_o the_o pict_n at_o every_o mile_n end_v of_o this_o wall_n be_v a_o tower_n and_o in_o the_o wall_n a_o pipe_n of_o metal_n betwixt_o the_o tower_n or_o sentinel-house_n that_o so_o soon_o as_o a_o man_n have_v set_v his_o mouth_n to_o this_o pipe_n they_o may_v hear_v through_o all_o the_o sentinel_n where_o the_o enemy_n be_v 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hoch-norton_n for_o the_o rustical_a behaviour_n of_o the_o inhabitant_n in_o the_o age_n aforegoing_a it_o grow_v to_o be_v a_o proverb_n when_o folk_n will_v say_v of_o one_o rude_o demeaning_a himself_o and_o unmannerly_a after_o a_o hoggish_a kind_n that_o he_o be_v bear_v at_o hocknorton_n woodstock_n a_o woody_a place_n here_o be_v one_o of_o the_o king_n house_n full_a of_o state_n and_o magnificence_n build_v by_o king_n henry_n the_o first_o who_o adjoin_v also_o thereunto_o a_o very_a large_a park_n compass_v round_o about_o with_o a_o stone_n wall_n which_o john_n rosse_n write_v to_o have_v be_v the_o first_o park_n england_n in_o england_n our_o historian_n report_v that_o king_n henry_n the_o second_o be_v enamour_v upon_o rosamond_n clifford_n a_o damsel_n so_o fair_a so_o comely_a and_o well-favoured_a without_o comparison_n that_o her_o beauty_n do_v put_v all_o other_o woman_n out_o of_o the_o prince_n mind_n insomuch_o as_o she_o be_v term_v rosa_fw-la mundi_fw-la the_o rose_n of_o the_o world_n and_o to_o hide_v she_o out_o of_o the_o sight_n of_o his_o jealous_a juno_n the_o queen_n he_o build_v a_o labyrinth_n in_o this_o house_n with_o many_o inextricable_a wind_n backward_o and_o forward_o which_o notwithstanding_o be_v nowhere_o to_o be_v see_v at_o this_o day_n she_o be_v bury_v at_o godstow_n with_o this_o epitaph_n in_o rhyme_n hic_fw-la iaceo_fw-la in_fw-la tumba_fw-la rosa_fw-la mundi_fw-la non_fw-la rosa_fw-la munda_fw-la non_fw-la redolet_fw-la sed_fw-la olet_fw-la quae_fw-la redolere_fw-la solet_fw-la the_o town_n itself_o have_v nothing_o at_o all_o to_o show_v glory_v yet_o in_o this_o that_o jeffrey_n chaucer_n our_o english_a homer_n be_v there_o breed_v and_o bring_v up_o banbury_n a_o fair_a large_a town_n it_o be_v famous_a now_o for_o cheese_n and_o cake_n hanwell_n where_o the_o family_n of_o cope_n have_v flourish_v many_o year_n in_o great_a and_o good_a esteem_n broughton_n the_o seat_n of_o my_o lord_n say_n and_o sele_n islip_n the_o native_a place_n of_o that_o king_n edward_n who_o for_o his_o religious_a piety_n and_o continency_n our_o ancestor_n and_o the_o pope_n vouchsafe_v the_o name_n of_o edward_n the_o confessor_n oxford_n a_o fair_a and_o goodly_a city_n whether_o fragment_n a_o man_n respect_v the_o seemly_a beauty_n of_o private_a house_n or_o the_o stately_a magnificence_n of_o public_a building_n together_o with_o the_o wholesome_a site_n or_o pleasant_a prospect_n thereof_o it_o be_v from_o its_o situation_n in_o ancient_a time_n call_v bello_fw-la situm_fw-la isidis_n vadum_fw-la saxonice_fw-la ouseford_n and_o ousenford_n corrupt_v oxford_n historia_fw-la circumfertur_fw-la adfirmans_fw-la hanc_fw-la urbem_fw-la olim_fw-la ab_fw-la amaenitate_fw-la sitûs_fw-la bellositum_fw-la dictum_fw-la fuisse_fw-la joannes_n rossus_n hinc_fw-la edoctus_fw-la hoc_fw-la idem_fw-la affirmat_fw-la let._n comment_n in_o cygn._n cant._n oxoniensis_fw-la universitas_fw-la schola_fw-la secunda_fw-la ecclesiae_fw-la imo_fw-la ecclesiae_fw-la fundamentum_fw-la matthew_n paris_n hist._n angl._n pag._n 945._o in_o the_o council_n of_o vienna_n it_o be_v ordain_v that_o there_o shall_v be_v erect_v school_n for_o the_o hebrew_n greek_a arabic_a and_o chaldaean_a tongue_n in_o the_o study_n of_o paris_n oxford_n bonony_n and_o salamanca_n as_o the_o most_o famous_a of_o all_o other_o to_o the_o end_n that_o the_o knowledge_n of_o these_o tongue_n may_v by_o effectual_a instruction_n be_v thorough_o learned_a here_o be_v 17_o college_n and_o 7_o hall_n dorchester_n a_o town_n know_v in_o time_n past_a to_o the_o roman_n vide_fw-la lel._n commentin_n cygn._n cant._n henly_n upon_o tamis_n the_o inhabitant_n of_o it_o for_o the_o most_o part_n be_v waterman_n this_o county_n contain_v two_o hundred_o and_o eighty_o parish_n church_n richmondshire_n it_o take_v the_o name_n from_o a_o castle_n most_o of_o it_o lie_v very_o high_a with_o ragged_a rock_n and_o swell_a mountain_n who_o slope_v side_n in_o some_o place_n bear_v good_a grass_n the_o bottom_n and_o valley_n be_v not_o altogether_o unfruitful_a the_o hill_n themselves_o within_o be_v store_v with_o lead_n pit-coal_n and_o copper_n nappa_n a_o house_n build_v with_o turret_n and_o the_o chief_a seat_n of_o the_o medcalf_n think_v to_o be_v not_o long_o since_o the_o great_a family_n for_o multitude_n of_o the_o same_o name_n in_o all_o england_n for_o i_o have_v hear_v that_o sir_n christopher_n medcalf_n knight_n and_o the_o top_n of_o this_o kindred_n be_v of_o late_a high-sheriff_n of_o the_o shire_n accompany_v with_o three_o hundred_o man_n of_o the_o same_o house_n all_o on_o horseback_n and_o in_o a_o livery_n meet_v and_o receive_v the_o justice_n of_o assize_n and_o so_o bring_v they_o to_o york_n so_o camden_n bolton-castle_n a_o stately_a castle_n richmond_n the_o chief_a town_n of_o the_o country_n well_o people_v and_o frequent_v hourby-castle_n there_o be_v contain_v in_o this_o shire_n a_o hundred_o and_o four_o parish_n beside_o chapel_n rutlandshire_n it_o be_v the_o least_o county_n of_o all_o england_n lie_v in_o form_n almost_o round_o like_o a_o circle_n it_o be_v in_o compass_n so_o far_o about_o as_o a_o light-horsman_n will_v ride_v in_o one_o day_n it_o be_v call_v rutland_n as_o one_o will_v earth_n say_v red-land_n the_o earth_n in_o this_o shire_n be_v everywhere_o red_a and_o so_o red_a that_o even_o the_o sheep_n fleece_n be_v thereby_o colour_v red_a the_o english-saxon_n call_v red_a in_o their_o tongue_n roet_fw-mi and_o rud._n uppingham_n a_o place_n upon_o a_o high_a ascent_n whence_o that_o name_n be_v impose_v a_o well_o frequent_a mercat_n town_n the_o vale_n of_o catmose_n a_o field_n full_a of_o wood_n okeham_n be_v in_o the_o midst_n of_o it_o so_o call_v from_o oak_n this_o small_a shire_n have_v parish_n church_n forty_o eight_o shropshire_n on_o the_o east-side_n it_o have_v staffordshire_n salopiensis_fw-la on_o the_o west_n mongomeryshire_n and_o denbighshire_n on_o the_o southside_n worcester_n hereford_n and_o radnorshires_n and_o on_o the_o north_n cheshire_n it_o be_v replenish_v with_o town_n and_o castle_n stand_v thick_a on_o every_o side_n in_o regard_n of_o repel_v and_o repress_v the_o welshman_n in_o the_o march_n border_v hereupon_o whence_o our_o ancestor_n by_o a_o ancient_a word_n name_v the_o confine_n of_o this_o shire_n towards_o wales_n the_o march_n because_o they_o be_v bound_n and_o limit_n between_o the_o welsh_a and_o english_a and_o divers_a nobleman_n in_o this_o tract_n be_v call_v baron_n of_o the_o march_n and_o lord_n marcher_n who_o have_v every_o one_o in_o their_o territory_n a_o certain_a peculiar_a jurisdiction_n and_o in_o their_o own_o court_n minister_v law_n unto_o the_o inhabitant_n with_o sundry_a privilege_n and_o immunity_n bishops-castle_n so_o call_v because_o it_o belong_v to_o the_o bishop_n of_o hereford_n who_o diocese_n and_o jurisdiction_n be_v large_a in_o this_o shire_n clun-castle_n so_o call_v from_o the_o river_n clun_n ludlow_n it_o stand_v upon_o a_o hill_n a_o town_n
in_o a_o manner_n scald_a hot_a and_o do_v work_v and_o be_v thus_o trouble_v cast_v up_o from_o the_o bottom_n certain_a filth_n during_o which_o time_n they_o be_v shut_v neither_o may_v anybody_o go_v into_o they_o until_o by_o their_o fluce_n they_o cleanse_v themselves_o and_o rid_v away_o that_o filthiness_n of_o these_o three_o the_o cross-bath_n so_o call_v of_o a_o cross_n stand_v upright_o in_o old_a time_n in_o the_o midst_n of_o it_o be_v of_o a_o very_a mild_a and_o temperate_a warmth_n and_o have_v twelve_o seat_n of_o stone_n about_o the_o brink_n or_o border_n thereof_o and_o be_v enclose_v within_o a_o wall_n the_o second_o distant_a from_o this_o not_o full_o two_o hundred_o foot_n be_v much_o hot_a whence_o it_o be_v term_v hot_a bath_n these_o two_o be_v in_o the_o midst_n of_o a_o street_n on_o the_o westside_n of_o the_o city_n the_o three_o which_o be_v the_o great_a and_o after_o a_o sort_n in_o the_o very_a bosom_n and_o heart_n of_o the_o city_n be_v call_v the_o king_n bath_n near_o unto_o the_o cathedral_n church_n wall_v also_o round_o about_o and_o fit_v with_o two_o and_o thirty_o seat_n of_o arch_a work_n wherein_o man_n and_o woman_n may_v sit_v apart_o who_o when_o they_o enter_v in_o put_v upon_o their_o body_n linen_n garment_n and_o have_v their_o guide_n this_o city_n have_v flourish_v as_o well_o by_o clothing_n as_o by_o reason_n of_o usual_a concourse_n thither_o for_o health_n twice_o every_o year_n bristol_n this_o city_n stand_v partly_o in_o somerset_n and_o partly_o in_o glocestershires_n port._n be_v not_o to_o be_v repute_v belong_v to_o this_o or_o that_o have_v magistrate_n of_o its_o own_o and_o be_v of_o itself_o entire_a and_o a_o county_n incorporate_v it_o be_v situate_a somewhat_o high_a between_o avon_n and_o the_o little_a river_n frome_n sufficient_o defend_v with_o river_n and_o forfication_n together_o so_o fair_a to_o behold_v by_o reason_n of_o building_n as_o well_o public_a as_o private_a that_o it_o 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as_o into_o the_o most_o remote_a part_n of_o america_n the_o most_o beautiful_a church_n there_o be_v s._n mary_n of_o radcliff_n without_o the_o wall_n into_o which_o there_o be_v a_o stately_a ascent_n upon_o many_o stair_n so_o large_a withal_o so_o fine_o and_o curious_o wrought_v with_o a_o arch_a roof_n over_o head_n of_o stone_n artificial_o embow_v a_o steeple_n also_o of_o a_o exceed_a height_n that_o it_o surpass_v in_o many_o degree_n all_o the_o parish-church_n in_o england_n there_o be_v hard_a by_o another_o church_n also_o which_o they_o call_v the_o temple_n the_o tower_n whereof_o when_o the_o bell_n ring_v shake_v to_o and_o fro_o so_o as_o it_o have_v cleave_v and_o divide_v itself_o from_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o building_n and_o make_v such_o a_o chink_n from_o the_o bottom_n to_o the_o top_n as_o that_o it_o gape_v the_o breadth_n of_o three_o finger_n and_o both_o shut_v and_o open_v whensoever_o the_o bell_n be_v ring_v s._n vincent_n rock_n so_o full_a of_o diamond_n that_o a_o man_n may_v fill_v whole_a strike_v or_o bushel_n of_o they_o they_o be_v not_o so_o much_o set_v by_o because_o they_o be_v plenteous_a in_o bright_a and_o transparent_a colour_n they_o match_v the_o indian-diamond_n if_o they_o pass_v they_o not_o in_o hardness_n only_o they_o be_v inferior_a to_o they_o in_o this_o county_n be_v number_v three_o hundred_o eighty_o five_o parish_n staffordshire_n it_o have_v on_o the_o east_n warwickshire_n and_o darbyshire_n on_o the_o southside_n worcestershire_n and_o westward_o shropshire_n border_v upon_o it_o reach_v from_o south_n to_o north_n in_o form_n of_o a_o lozenge_n broad_a in_o the_o midst_n and_o grow_v narrow_a at_o end_n the_o north_n part_n be_v full_a of_o hill_n and_o so_o less_o fruitful_a the_o middle_n be_v water_v with_o the_o river_n trent_n be_v most_o plentiful_a clad_v with_o wood_n and_o embroider_v gallant_o with_o cornfield_n and_o meadow_n as_o be_v the_o south_n port_n likewise_o which_o have_v coal_n also_o dig_v out_o of_o the_o earth_n and_o mine_n of_o iron_n there_o be_v these_o river_n in_o staffordshire_n sow_v which_o run_v by_o stafford_n dove_n peru_n a_o little_a river_n by_o pencridge_n charnet_n blithe_n tame_a the_o river_n trent_n arise_v in_o colonel_n boyer_n park_n and_o dove_n pass_v through_o part_n of_o it_o severn_n pass_v through_o some_o part_n of_o the_o shire_n stourton_n castle_n stand_v upon_o the_o river_n stour_n in_o the_o very_a confine_n with_o worcestershire_n dudley-castle_n do_v stand_v upon_o a_o hill_n name_v so_o of_o one_o dudo_fw-la or_o dodo_fw-la ah_o english_a saxon._n it_o be_v now_o demolish_v under_o this_o lie_v pensneth-chase_n wherein_o be_v many_o coalpit_n pateshall_n a_o seat_n of_o the_o astley_n descend_v from_o honourable_a progenitor_n wrotestley_n the_o habitation_n of_o sir_n walter_n wrotesly_n who_o father_n be_v sir_n hugh_n wrotesly_n in_o the_o parlour_n window_n among_o divers_a of_o the_o arm_n of_o the_o ancestor_n of_o that_o family_n there_o be_v one_o sir_n hugh_n wrotesley_n mention_v who_o for_o his_o approve_a valour_n be_v make_v by_o king_n edward_n the_o three_o knight_n of_o the_o garter_n at_o the_o first_o institution_n and_o so_o account_v one_o of_o the_o founder_n of_o the_o say_a honourable_a order_n chellington_n a_o fair_a house_n and_o manor_n of_o the_o ancient_a family_n of_o the_o giffard_n brewood_n a_o mercat_n town_n weston_n theoten-hall_n by_o interpretation_n the_o habitation_n of_o heathen_n or_o pagan_n at_o this_o day_n tetnal_a ulfrunes-hampton_n so_o call_v of_o bear_v wulfruna_n a_o most_o devout_a woman_n who_o enrich_v the_o town_n call_v before_o simple_o hampton_n with_o a_o religious_a house_n it_o be_v now_o corrupt_o call_v wulver_n hampton_n for_o a_o inland_n town_n there_o be_v a_o famous_a market_n for_o cattle_n and_o corn_n weddsborow_n there_o be_v sea-coal_n walsal_n a_o little_a mercat_n town_n a_o mile_n corporation_n by_o north_n from_o weddesbury_n there_o be_v many_o smith_n peuterer_n and_o bit-maker_n there_o be_v a_o park_n of_o that_o name_n half_o a_o mile_n from_o the_o town_n there_o be_v many_o lime-pit_n near_o the_o town_n draiton-basset_n the_o seat_n of_o the_o basset_n tamworth_n a_o town_n so_o place_v in_o the_o it_o confine_n of_o the_o two_o shire_n that_o the_o one_o part_n which_o belong_v sometime_o to_o the_o mirmions_n be_v count_v of_o warwickshire_n the_o other_o which_o pertain_v to_o the_o hastings_n of_o staffordshire_n here_o be_v a_o fair_a castle_n at_o falkesley-bridge_n that_o roman_a highway_n watling-street_n enter_v into_o this_o shire_n and_o cut_v it_o through_o as_o it_o be_v by_o a_o strait_a line_n go_v westward_o into_o shropshire_n wall_n so_o call_v of_o the_o relic_n of_o a_o old_a wall_n there_o remain_v and_o take_v up_o much_o about_o two_o acre_n of_o ground_n penck-ridge_n so_o name_v of_o the_o river_n penck_n famous_a for_o a_o horse-fair_n which_o the_o lord_n of_o the_o place_n hugh_n blunt_n obtain_v of_o king_n edward_n the_o second_o newcastle_n under_o lyme_n trentham_n stone_n a_o mercat_n town_n which_o have_v the_o beginning_n in_o the_o saxon_n time_n take_v the_o name_n of_o the_o stone_n which_o our_o ancestor_n after_o a_o solemn_a sort_n have_v cast_v on_o a_o heap_n to_o notify_v the_o place_n where_o wolpher_n the_o heathenish_a king_n of_o the_o mercian_n most_o cruel_o slay_v his_o two_o son_n wulfald_n and_o rufin_n because_o they_o have_v take_v upon_o they_o the_o profession_n of_o christianity_n sandon_n cankwood_n or_o forest_n gerards-bromley_n a_o house_n chebsey_n eccleshall_n raunton_n a_o monastery_n stafford_n near_o unto_o which_o there_o be_v a_o castle_n upon_o a_o hill_n now_o demolish_a it_o be_v the_o head_n town_n of_o the_o whole_a shire_n ticks-hall_n the_o dwell_a place_n of_o the_o aston_n a_o family_n which_o for_o antiquity_n kindred_n and_o