Forgiveness of Others If we have not had Love to our Fellow-Christians more excited in us to all that are Members of the same Body though they err and mistake though they diner from us though they be angry with us though they think hardly of us and speak hardly against us Yet if we have not had our Spirits brought to a Temper able to forgive them to pray for them and be ready to do them good c. We cannot say we have had Communion with Christ in his Ordinance For such Effects as these wiâ—l follow upon it Or rather it is in these things wherein a great part of our Spiritual Communion doth consist 2. If there have been any thing of this kind bless God for such a merciful Season For this is the Real Advantage and Good of any such Ordinance when it Rectifies our Spirits and betters our frame and subdues our Corruptions and recovers us from our back-slidings and gives us any thing more of the Divine Image and Likeness and makes us hate Sin more and love God and one another better This is the Real Advantage of such Seasons These are gainful Opportunities indeed where these Things are Attained where in any measure there are such Consequences of Approaching to the Lord's Table 3. Let us endeavour hence-forward to walk worthy of such a Priviledge and long for the Repetition of it Let us watch our Spirits this Evening and to Morrow and the following Week and Month that we may not presently lose the Savour of these things by secular and common Discourse and vain Converse When we go away from the Publick Worship let us spend the Remainder of the Day in such Offices and Exercises of Religion as may Assist us to prosecute our Great Design and may strengthen the Vows of God into which we have newly entred And let us shew we like his Fare and are pleased with the Entertainments of his House by desiring more such Opportunities and by Improving them when-ever they return One thing have I desired of the Lord says the Psalmist and that will I seek after that I may dwell in the House of the Lord for ever By this means we should endeavour to become growing thriving fruitful humble self-denying heavenly exemplary Christians walking worthy of our High and Holy Calling purifying our selves more and more from all filthiness of Flesh and Spirit That our Hearts may be more fixed for God and Christ against all Competitors and under all Discouragements That Christ Jesus may have the more intire Possession of our Souls and the Service of our Lives That his Love being shed abroad in our Hearts nothing may ever be able to separate us from it That whether we live or dye Christ may be All in All to us Who hath loved us and washed us from our sins in his own blood To Him be Glory throughout all the Churches for ever Amen The Fifth Discourse Before The LORD's SUPPER THE Sin and Danger OF Unworthy Receiving From 1 COR. XI xxix He that eateth and drinketh unworthily eateth and drinketh damnation to himself SO deep and General is the Corruption of Mankind that it may truly be said of very Many whose Carriage and Conversation is fair and unspotted that they are rather restrained by the Fear of Punishment than of Guilt of being Sufferers rather than of being Criminal Such an Errour it is true is injurious to the Dignity of the Divine Law and to the Honour and Authority of God's Government Nevertheless God doth so far Accommodate himself to our State as to Rule us by Moral Arguments that are proper to Influence our Hopes and Fears and therefore employs Threatnings as well as Promises and punishes some as Examples of Severity to warn others from the like Transgressions This Method the Apostle makes use of in this and the foregoing Chapter when he designed to Reform the scandalous Abuse of the Lord's Supper which these Corinthians were guilty of After he had Explained the Nature of the Institution and opened the Design and End of it he had Represented it as the Communion of the Body and Blood of Christ He tells them what most manifestly follows from thence viz. The Greatness of the Sin to eat of that Bread and drink of that Cup unworthily that if they do it without Self Examination they are guilty of the Body and Blood of the Lord They offend against the Lord Redeemer who hath appointed this Sacred Rite and even against his Body and Blood which are Signified and Represented by the Bread and Wine as the Memorial and Sign of it This to those that have any due Regard to the Authority and Love of a dying Saviour one would think should be Argument enough But least it should not besides the Declaration of their Sin he Denounces the Punishment of it in these Words That such do eat and drink Damnation to themselves Wherein we have First The Description of their Punishment who do unworthily partake of the Lord's Supper That they eat and drink Damnation to themselves Secondly the Reason of that Punishment intimated in the Nature and kind of their Sin That they discern not the Lord's Body Before I consider the Punishment of Vnworthy Receivers it will be proper to open a little the Nature of their Sin mentioned in the latter part of the Verse Not discerning the Lord's Body This may refer to the foregoing Expression of being Guilty of his body and blood and the one Phrase will give light to the other Such as receive Unworthily are Guilty of the body and blood of Christ because they do not discern and distinguish it aright They do not think of it as they ought They do not carry it suitable to its Excellent Nature and Vse and so they eat and drink Judgment to themselves by not discerning the Lord's body And thereby are Criminal against the Person of the Redeemer as cloathed with Human Nature and as giving the Memorials of his body and blood separated to betoken his Death and Sufferings For so we remember a crucified Saviour in this Ordinance It is therefore no wonder if such a Fault be severely punished That which we Translate Discern it is well known signifies to make a difference between one thing and another as Acts 15.19 So not to discern the Lord's body is not to difference and distinguish concerning it to look no further than the outward sense not to make a difference between common and sacramental bread not to eye the body and blood of Christ as signified by the Sacramental Elements not to remember or consider his cruel Sufferings which this should put us in Mind of This be sure is not to discern his body But few can be supposed so ignorant as not speculatively to discern and distinguish in this case But practically to do so is a greater mattâ—r it Imports to mind to attend to to esteem to honour to apply to use the body and blood of Christ and the sign and the Memorial
of it according to its Dignity and Excellency And thereupon to compose the outward and inward Man in partaking of this Ordinance as those that know we have to do with Christ himself and that the body and blood of Jesus Christ is Refer'd to by the Bread and Wine Such a discerning of his body would help to compose us to serious Reverence would awaken suitable Affections would excite the Exercise of Repentance Faith Love Thankfulness and Joy answerable to the Nature of this Feast of Love upon the Sacrifice of Christ This would Regulate the Behaviour of our Bodies and the Temper of our Spirits the Government of our Thoughts and the Motions of our Affections and make us Worthy Receivers The Neglect of this the not thus discerning the Lord's body is the Sin here mentioned and thereby they are Guilty of the body and blood of the Redeemer i. e. They are Profanely Injurious to the very Person of Christ they treat his sacred body and precious blood unworthily and with Contempt It is a Guilt like theirs that abused and crucified the Lord himself when he was upon Earth It is a Sin againâ—â— the body of Jesus Christ against his Humanity which of all Creatures that ever were upon Earth or that are now in Heaven is the most Sacred The Affront Contempt and Injury Redounds to the blessed Redeemer as God Incarnate as having our Nature now in Heaven 't is an Injury to the body of Christ That Body wherein he bore our Sins upon the Cross wherein as a Sacrifice for Sin he offered himself to God That Body that was prepared for him and formed by the Holy Ghost in the Womb of the Virgin that was afterwards Gloriously raised from the Dead to a Divine Life and is now in Heaven the Wonder and Admiration of the blessed Angels and Raised to a State of Glory there as the Pledge and Earnest of our Resurrection and Bliss The not discerning the Lord's body has such a Guilt as this Implyed in it 2. The Punishment of this Sin of Vnworthy Receiving expressed by not discerning the Lor'ds body is here set forth by Eating and Drinking Damnation to our our selves or Judgment to our selves That is As sure as he eats and drinks if he do it unworthily So certain it is that Judgment shall follow he eats and drinks Judgment to himself That Addition To himself may denote two Things First That the whole blame should be laid upon our selves If such a Divine Institution designed for the Spiritual Good and Advantage of our Souls do prove to our Detriment and Damage In such a case it is we our selves that are the sole Cause of it Secondly The Expression may Import further That such as Receive Vnworthily they only hurt and defile Themselves but not other Men that communicate with them You may partake worthily and to Edification while Another by unworthy Receiving that sits in the same Pew may Eat and drink Judgment and condemnation but he eats and drinks Judgment to himself only not to You. Ephes 4.5 Every man shall bear his own burden Let every man prove his own work It cannot be thought that our Lord was defiled by coming to the Baptism of John when there were such a Generation of Vipers who came to it as well as Christ Or that our Lord and the Eleven Apostles were defiled by the company of Judas at the Passover-Supper For there be sure he was The Lord's-Supper was at the close of it And for his being present at that also many contend though * See Mr. Charnock Of the Lord's Supper 2d Vol. p. 7â—3 Compared with Mr. Kettlewell Of the Lord's Supper 12º 1687. p. 387 388 c. The one for his being Present the other against it Others think it probable that he went out before But the presence of some unworthy persons is made an Argument by many against their Partaking of the Lord's Supper in such or such a particular Church as if their presence would defile and infect them This therefore I shall consider as one Objection which several are apt to make against the Performance of this Duty Of frequent remembring the Death of Christ at his Table And then Secondly Consider the other Objection from this Text viz. From the Danger of Receiving Vnworthily lest they should Eat and Drink Damnation to themselves And Thirdly What many more are wont to plead That the Danger being so great they durst not Adventure till they know that they are Believers or such as are Invited For it is Children's bread and they durst not come till they are Assured of their Regeneration and Adoption I shall therefore enquire Whether any ought to come to the Lord's Table till they have Assurance or while they want it 1. It is Objected by many That they do not Communicate because there are such and such Admitted who ought not to come to the Table of the Lord Such as walk disorderly who discredit their Profession and are as bad as any of their Neighbours and Acquaintance And the Apostle says 1 Cor. 5.10 That with such we should not so much as eat That we should have no fellowship with the unfruitful works of darkness Ephes 5.11 That we should withdraw and separate and have no free familiarity with such 2 Thes 3.6 2 Tim. 3.5 2 Cor. 6.17 I Answer First That the Separation from Wicked Men required in such Passages of Holy Scripture refers to our intimate Converse and Familiarity with such who live in notorious and scandalous Sins and do not Testifie their Repentance We must avoid their company lest we be Infected And there is much more danger of Infection by Familiarity with them in daily Converse than by joyning with them in Religious Duties But we must be careful not to call those Vngodly whom we cannot prove to be so we should rather hope they are not unless we can prove the contrary What Sins are there that even a good Man by the surprize of a Temptation may not commit who yet mourns in secret and truly Repents It may be you may have heard of the Sins of many of whose Repentance you have not heard And yet they might truly Repent and you might know it if you would enquire But where the mixture of the â—ares and the Wheat is such that the one cannot be pull'd up without the other both must grow together till the Harvest Such a Difference as God will make at the last Day cannot now be made by us We may safer let the Righteous and Wicked go together as if all were Righteous when we cannot prove the contrary And we do not therein make a false Judgment we do not judge that it is certain that such and such are Sincere and truly Godly but that it is probable they may be so And we may have a stronger Confidence concerning the Sincerity of Some while we have only probable Hopes of Others yea with such Hopes there may be some Fear of their Hypocrisie joyned when
Consolation and full Assurance and raised Joys at the Table of the Lord never while we live yet the Authority of Christ requiring us To do this in Remembrance of him should be enough to determine our Practice against all the little Cavils and Objections that may be made against it O let us not be wanting in our Duty and the God of Love and Grace who is the Father of Mercies and our Gracious Redeemer of whose Compassion we have had such large and dear Experience will never be wanting to those who diligently and sincerely seek him THE END The Sixth Discourse After the LORD'S SUPPER OF Christ's Last Passover And its Accomplishment From LUKE XXII 15 16 17 18. With desire have I desired to eat this Passover with you befoâ—e I suffer For I say unto you I will not any more eat thereof until it be fulfilled in the Kingdom of God And he took the Cup and gave thanks and said Take this and divide it among your selves For I say unto you I will not drink of the Fruit of the Vine until the Kingdom of God shall come GReater Love hath no Man than this saith our Blessed Lord than to lay down his Life for his Friend To part with that for Another which of all things is the dearest and the most valuable to himself In all Ages of the Christian Church there have been some ready to give this Proof of their Love to Him who spake these words by not loving their Lives unto the Death when they stood in Competition with their Fidelity to Christ And with how much the greater Chearfulness and Alacrity Willingness and Desire they did it by so much the more powerful and constraining was the Principle of Love By this we may make some Judgment what manner of Love it was wherewith the Lord Redeemer loved us when he gave Himself for us an Offering and a Sacrifice of a sweet smelling Odour unto God The Voluntariness of his Sacrifice argued the Excellency of his Incomparable Love Though his Death was Necessary with respect to the Eternal Purpose and Appointment of Heaven For it was by the determinate Counsel of God that the Messiah should suffer Death And though it were Violent with respect to the Instrumentality of Men in his Crucifixion they did it with violent hands Yet with reference to himself his Death was voluntary He made a willing Sacrifice of his own Life He laid it down None else could have taken it from him He gave himself a Ransom He became Poor He made himself of no Reputation He poured out his Soul unto Death It was not rent from him He was obedient to Death even the Death of the Cross This gave an extraordinary value to his Sufferings Upon this depended the Merit of his Sacrifice and the Efficacy of his Blood And this is one endearing Circumstance which heightens his Love and calls for our thankful Admiration He willingly offered himself in the first Council of Peace about our Redemption and undertook to suffer for us and make satisfaction to Divine Justice And after his Incarnation he always knew and frequently foretold his own Sufferings and Death He reproves Peter as if he acted the Devil's part when he would have disswaded him from it Yea he most earnestly desired this most bloody Baptism I have a Baptism to be Baptized with and how am I straitened till it be accomplished Luke 12.50 The night before his Sufferings he makes his last Will and Testament and leaves it with his Disciples Giving his blood to drink in the Sacrament to show hâ—w willingly he would pour it out the next dâ—y upon the Cross And on this Account he so earnestly desired to eat this Passover which the Text speaks of because it was the last before he should suffer Death And afterwards even the same Evening he goeâ— out into the Garden where he knew he should be betrayed And so in effect he brings himself to the Door of the Tabernacle to be offered to God a Sacrifice for us With desire have I desired to eat this Passover with you before I suffer As if he had said The Sufferings I have so often spoke of are now approaching The hour is at hand when I shall be betrayed and Crucified This is the last Passover I shall ever keep with you before I am lifted up from the Earth And therefore I most earnestly desire it because it is the last that will precede my Death Whereby I shall put an end to these legal Services which have all along referr'd to me and to the Sacrifice and Oblation I am to make for sin Henceforth I will eat and drink no more of the Passover Supper for my own Sufferings and Death is that which they signified and related to I am the true Paschal Lamb All the Rites and Observances about the killing and eating of it were but Typical of my Passion and shall now be fulfilled And here 1. I shall consider the Passover which our Lord desired to eat of 2. His ardent Desire to eat of this Passover and the Reason of it 3. The Company with whom he desired to eat it With you 4. The Time when Before I suffer 5. The Accomplishment of it in the Kingdom of God What we are to understand by the Kingdom of God and what by the fulfilling of it therein 6. His Resolution and Declaration That he would eat and drink no more so till it were Accomplished Lastly Some Reflections as the Application of the whole 1. Concerning the Feast of Passover You have the Institution of it Exod. 12. the beginning Where we find that it was appointed by God as a Memorial of the Israelites slavery in Egypt and their Deliverance out of it Former Miracles having been unsuccessful upon Pharaoh God intends to slay all the First-born of Egypt in one Night whereby in part the Curse of God pronounc't on Chaâ—â— is execâ—ted on his Posterity viz. the Egyptians in destroying All the First-born of botâ— Man and Beast The Israelites were ordered by Moses to slay a Lamb on the Fourteenth day of the First Month which answers to our March and to Sprinkle the Posts of their Doors with the Blood of that Lamb and to feed upon the Flesh of it in their several Families That very Night the destroying Angel strikes the First-born of every Family where this Command of sprinkling the Door-posts with the Blood of the Lamb was not observed On this you know they were delivered out of Egypt the Egyptians not only giving leave but dâ—siring them to be gone And this Deliverance being the Foundation of the Jewish State was to be perpetually observed by them in their Generations and to be an Ordinance for ever Exod. 12 42. The whole Institution of the Paschal Lamb is called by the Name of the Passover though it refer especially to the first Lamb in Egypt whose blood was sprinkled on the Door-posts of the Israelites Houses when the destroying Angel passed them by And the
signifies a Covenant is derived from a Root which signifies to Eat And hence too we read of an Idol among the Sichemites which was called Berith or the God of a Covenant because the People of that Place were wont when they made Covenants to eat and drink with their Confederates in the House of that God of theirs as you find they did when they entred into a League with Gaal and made him their Head in Opposition to Abimeleck Judg. 9.27 Humane Writers afford many Instances of this Nature how People were wont antiently to make and ratifie Covenants between Nation and Nation between Party and Party and between Man and Wife sometimes by eating Bread sometimes by drinking Wine and frequently by partaking of both together Which shows that it was the General Custom of Mankind to Contract and Covenant with one another by the Visible Rites of Feasting and Banqueting together The Old Heathens had many Religious Feasts before their Idols whereby they Covenanted with those Imaginary Deities The Israelites are charged with Idolatry for complying with such Pagan Rites Exod. 32.6 1 Cor. 10.7 When the People made an Altar to the Golden Calf they bring their Peace-offerings and Celebrate a Religious Banquet upon the remainders thereof They sat down to eat and to drink to Feast together before the Golden Calf and rose up to play This they did in Imitation of the Aegyptians among whom they had lived so long So by the Perswasion of the Moabites they joyned themselves to Baal-Peor entred into Communion with that Heathen Deity that was Worshipped on Mount Peor by eating the Sacrifices of the Dead or * Selden de Diis Syris Syntagm 1. cap. 5. such things as were offered in the Memory of the dead Numb 25.3 Psal 106.28 And the Apostle calls the eating of the Heathen Sacrifices a Fellowship with Devils 1 Cor. 10.20 There were some in the Apostles time did go and eat of those Idol Sacrifices 1 Cor. 8.7 To prevent which a Canon was made at the Council of Jerusalem that Christians should abstain from Meats offered unto Idols Acts 15. Because by sitting at Meat at the Idols Temple they made themselves partakers of the Table of Devils And the Apostle shews the Inconsistency of this with the participation of the Lords Table because this is a Sacrifical Banquet proper and peculiar to us Christians as the Idol-Feasts were Sacrifical Banquets proper to the Pagans and the Mosaical ones to the Jews 1 Cor. 10. As Jews and Heathens were wont to feed upon a Sacrificed Beast we Christians do feed upon a Sacrificed Redeemer by eating and drinking in Commemoration of his Death and Sacrifice and thereby Renewing our Covenant with him as his avowed sworn Servants and Disciples 4. Another Design of this Feast may be to wean us from the Vanities of this World by tasting these Spiritual Provisions and therein how gracious the Lord is That by eating of this Bread and drinking of this Wine we may hunger and thirst no more after Sensual Delights That we may not care to feed on Husks when we eat of this Bread in our Fathers House 5. That our Thoughts of the Heavenly Glory and our Desires after it and progressive Meetness for it may be excited and promoted And no Institution of the Gospel is so proper for this so well Adapted for this purpose as were easie to shew and your own Meditations can sufficiently enlarge Vse 1. Hath the blessed God his Feast and Banquet to Entertain such wretched Creatures as we Let us sit down and Admire his Adorable Condescention That the Lord of Glory should make a Feast for such Beggars such Worms such Vile Sinners as we That we should be called to the Priviledges of Children to sit down at his Table We that deserve not the Crumbs with the Dogs under the Table That he doth not only richly Feast us but stoops to Treat us in our own way in a manner so sensible and easie and plain that we may see and taste to our fuller satisfaction that he is Gracious That the outward Signs and Symbols are so plain and obvious when the great Things signified and represented are fit to employ the deepest Meditation and surpass all that our most comprehensive Thoughts can reach 2. Doth God make such a Feast Then let him never Invite but be you willing and ready to come Take heed how you slight the Invitation and Call of God It is a dangerous thing I grant to come unprepared and unready and so is it to tarry away and to refuse Obedience to the Command of our dying Lord who the same Night in which he was betrayed Instituted this Feast and calls us to do it in Remembrance of him They that come without a Wedding Garment they are said to be Vnworthy and to eat and drink unworthily And they that refuse to come to the Gospel-Feast upon Christ's Invitation they are said to be Vnworthy too Matth. 22.8 You little mend the case if when you hear of the Danger of coming unworthily you will not come at all For that Impenitence and Unbelief that makes unworthy Communicants will not excuse your Neglect of the Duty You must Repent and believe in Christ and so come prepared He that eateth this Bread and drinketh this Cup unworthily he eats and drinks Judgment to himself 'T is certain he is guilty of a Sin that without Repentance will damn him and he is in danger of some Calamity Sickness or sudden Death Such as was inflicted on the faulty Corinthians But he doth not so eat and drink Damnation as that such a Sin is Vnpardonable and shall certainly be followed with Hell For it is not the Sin against the Holy Ghost which is never Repented of If the fear of Damnation have influence in the one Case it should have in the other because to neglect this Duty is a Sin as well as to come unprepared we ought to do neither You therefore who are to come look to it that you come worthily lest you be Guilty of the Body and Blood of the Lord Lest you be Guilty of the Murder of Christ and of Self-murder at once by eating and drinking your own Damnation Ignorant persons scandalous persons Hypocrites and false Pretenders to Religion such as intrude rashly and come impenitently with the habitual love of Sin without true Repentance All who come ignorantly or hypocritically who cannot discern the Lord's Body or come with a design to cover some secret Lust Let these beware for they come as it were with a Knife in their hand to kill the Redeemer in his own House to stab him at his own Table and Crucifie him afresh They are Guilty of his Body and Blood which in stead of pleading on their behalf for Mercy will cry against them for Vengeance You will hereupon I doubt not be glad of a little Advice and Direction that you may come worthily and be duly prepared that you may avoid so great a hazard And
our will to love what he loves to hate what he hates to have the same Friends and Enemies with our Blessed Lord. For here we put God in mind of his Covenant with us through Jesus Christ and our selves in mind of our Covenant with God And upon renewed Repentance for any sins we have committed after any Instance of Vnfaithfulness to our Solemn Engagements by unsuitable walking we here implore his Mercy and Grace to pardon us We declare at the same time that we desire to take hold of his Covenant that tho we are Sinners we are not Apostates we confess our sins and beg Forgiveness and repeat our Resolutions of Fidelity to him We trust in the unshaken Faithfulness and Truth of God to his gracious Promises We place our hope and confidence in the stability of his Everlasting Covenant which the Blood of Jesus the Blood of the Covenant hath confirmed and made Everlasting Not Trusting in our own Faith but in his Free Mercy and invariable Truth not in our Repentance but his Gracious Pardon not in our own Preparations but his Merciful Acceptance of us in his Beloved Son not in any thing we our selves can do but in the Merits of Christ the Fruits of his Death and the Purchase of his Cross as dispensed and applied according to the rule method and tenor of the Gospel-Promise This is our Priviledge and this our Employment at the Table of our Lord. And there is hardly any Subject will better bear to be treated of in several different methods than this or upon which repeated Discourses by several Persons may be more useful I grant there are many Excellent Books already written to Instruct Men in the Nature and to direct and assist their Devotion in the Observation of this Holy Sacrament I design not to wrest them out of their hands into whose this may fall I pretend not to add but to urge and prosecute the same Great End and sometimes by the same Arguments and Expressions I acknowledge my having profited by the Writings of others I hope 't is what they design'd These Discourses were acceptable to many when Preacht and being since reviewed some of them with some Enlargement I hope they may be of use at least to those who heard 'em and desired their Publication And it must be granted that what is of so Universal and Important a Concern as a due Participation of this Ordinance ought to be Treated and Inculcated in as many different ways as may best suit the Various capacites of several Persons It may be a shorter Account of the Doctrine of the Lord's Supper with Meditations and Devotions adapted thereto would be more proper for the Younger and more Ignorant Sort this I have promised and intend but have not yet had time to perfect The Lord follow this and all Endeavours for the Furtherance of Real Godliness with an Abundant Blessing London May 9th 1693. J. S. THE CONTENTS The First Discourse OF Vnion to Christ and the New Creature Or a Preparatory Sermon to the Lord's Supper on the First Day of the Year From 2 Cor. 5.17 If any Man be in Christ he is a New Creature p. 1. The Second Discourse Of Christ's passing over the Brook Kedron and entring into the Garden of Gethsemine After the Lords Supper From John 18.1 2. When Jesus had spoken these words he went forth with his Disciples over the Brook Cedron where was a Garden into which he entred and his Disciples and Judas also knew the place For Jesus oft times resorted thither with his Disciples p. 49. The Third Discourse Concerning Spiritual Washing the Nature Means and Evidences of it Before the Lords Supper From 1 Cor. 6.11 And such were some of you but you are washed but you are Sanctified but you are Justified in the Name of the Lord Jesus and by the Spirit of our God p. 89 The Fourth Discourse Of the Communion of Christ's Body and Blood After the Lord's Supper From 1 Cor. 10.16 The Cup of Blessing which we bless Is it not the Communion of the Blood of Christ The Bread which we break is it not the Communion of the Body of Christ p. 129 The Fifth Discourse The Sin and Danger of Unworthy Receiving Before the Lord's Supper From 1 Cor. 11.29 He that eateth and drinketh unworthily eateth and drinketh Damnation to himself p. 163 The Sixth Discourse Of Christ's Last Passover And its Accomplishment After the Lord's Supper From Luke 22.15 16 17 18. With desire have I desired to eat this Passover with you before I suffer For I say unto you I will not many more eat thereof until it be fulfilled in the Kingdom of God And he took the Cup and gave thanks and said Take this and divide it among your selves For I say unto you I will not drink of the Fruit of the Vine until the Kingdom of God shall come p. 199 The Seventh Discourse Before the Lord's Supper From Cant. 2.4 He brought me into the Banquetting-house and his Banner over me was Love p. 243 The Eighth Discourse After the Lord's Supper From St. John 20.27 28. Then said he unto Thomas Reach hither thy Finger and behold my Hands and reach hither thy Hand and thrust it into my Side and be not faithless but believing And Thomas answered and said unto him My Lord and My God p. 281 A Paraphrase of the Lord's Prayer Our Father c. The First Discourse Of Vnion to Christ and the New Creature OR A SERMON Preparatory to the Lord's Supper On the First Day of the YEAR From 2 COR. V. 17. If any Man be in Christ he is a New-Creature THROUGH the Merciful Forbearance of God we now begin another Year and have outlived several who a twelve month ago were as like to have seen this New years-day as any of us That we may begin it with some Serious Reflexions suitable to the beginning of the Year and the approaching Solemnity of the Lord's Supper I have chosen these words as proper unto both They are brought in as one Inference among others from the constraining Love of Christ which the Apostle had mentioned in the 14th Verse Many useful things might be observed in explaining the Context and shewing the Connexion of this with the preceding Verses But I shall at present consider them more absolutely and in the General If any Man be in Christ he is a New Creature or Let him be a New Creature He ought to be so The Original will bear either sense The words may be taken imperatively or affirmatively For we find not Is in the Original It is true that whoever is in Christ is a New Creature And it is true that he is obliged thereby to prove his Union to Christ he ought to be a New Creature Neither sense is to be excluded That the State of such as are in Christ and likewise their Obligation may be comprehended It is the Character and Qualification of such as are in Christ and it is their Duty
assured None can be in Christ without it none in Christ so as to have any special distinguishing saving Benefit by him Application 1. Are none in Christ but new creatures How many then must be excluded How many of excellent and laudable Qualifications of great Attainments and high Professions and moral Accomplishments must yet he excluded and shut out from having any part in Christ because they are yet Strangers to this New creation and consequently are not in Christ but under condemnation Meer Civility and a plausible inoffensive Carriage is quite another thing We need but view the Lives and Actions of the generality of such as are called Christians to confirm this That the Number is but small of those who are in Christ How few have had any awakening Convictions about these things and many such miscarry 2. How miserable is the condition of all unrenewed Souls without a change they are excluded from all saving benefit by the Redeemer They are not in Christ and therefore are under the Curse and Condemnation which by union to Christ we are delivered from Rom. 8.1 Know ye not that Christ is in you except ye are Reprobates 2 Cor. 13.6 All our hopes of Life and Salvation by Christ depend upon it The Guilt of all our Sins doth otherwise lye upon us And all the black Clouds of Divine Vengeance hang over our heads The Wrath of God bides upon us as if there were no Christ no Gospel And there is nothing between us and Everlasting Ruine but a little Breadth 3. Then none but New Creatures have a Right to the Lord's Table For the invited Guests are such who are in Christ The Covenant of Grace cannot be sealed in that Ordinance to those who are not under the Bond of the Covenant The Benefits purchased by Christ are not confirmed at his Table unto those who are none of his I grant there is an Unworthiness as to present frame that even those who are in Christ may have but it is the Unworthiness as to state that I am speaking of Such as are not in Christ having nothing to do to eat his Flesh and drink his Blood lest they eat and drink Judgment and Condemnation to themselves He that doth not truly Repent cannot be truly Interested in the Promise of Pardon and therefore cannot have a Right to the Seal of it They are dead in Sin cannot receive Nourishment by this spiritual Food The least that can be said as one observes is this That it is in vain and to no good purpose for such can no more receive Christ in the Sacrament than a Chicken that should come into the Assembly and pick up some of the crumbs of the bread from the ground after Consecration can be said to receive the Body of Christ But the Danger is unspeakable of Eating and Drinking unworthily for such eat and drink Judgment to themselves not discerning the Lord's Body You may desire to come to this Table and you may say enough it may be to satisfie a Minister of Christ who cannot judge of your Heart and Conscience doth not know the whole of your Life But you your selves must look to it that you be in Christ and that you evidence you are so by being New Creatures We can but Warn and Admonish you and offer our Assistance and help At your own peril be it if you come and yet live in any known Sins and cherish the Enemies of Christ though you profess to be his and presume upon all the Priviledges of his House and Family as real members of it But I will yet add That those who are in Christ if they would have Assistance and Grace from the Spirit of Christ to walk as New Creatures they ought on the other hand to take heed how they absent themselves from that Ordinance If they would either have the comfort of their being in Christ or would have supplies of Grace to walk as New creatures they should be frequent and serious in Sacramental Duties Have you not weak Graces to be strengthened and manifold Corruptions to be more subdued Inordinate Love to this World more Crucified Do you not need more Ability to discharge several Duties and overcome divers Temptations Do you not desire to be more Partakers of the Image and Life and Spirit of Christ Is your likeness to Christ so compleat your Faith in all its branches so active and firm your Love to Christ so warm your Heavenly Desires so fervent your Patience and Resignation so perfect your Obedience so exact your standing so sure that you need no more Influence of the Spirit of Christ Should not your own necessity oblige you to be frequent in this work besides the Authority of your Lord which is motive enough to those that are in Christ And he requires you should remember his Dying Love this way and show forth his death tiâ—l he come It is proper work for us to begin the year with To renew our Covenant with the Lord by partaking of the Symbols of Christ's Body and Blood giving up our selves again to be the Lords with renewed Repentance for the sins of the Year past and repeated Exercises of Faith for Pardon and Peace and Grace and Righteousness and Life 4. The next Vse may be of Examination To try whether we are in Christ or no by inquiring whether we are New creatures or not Your Love to Christ your Likeness to him your Subjection to him your Fruitfulness in him will discover it Are old things done away with you and all things become new Is there still the old Darkness and Blindness that was upon your minds or Are you Light in the Lord Doth the old Deadness Security and Carelessness remain upon your Hearts and Consciences old Thoughts and old Designs old Discourses and Conversations as little Savour in the things of God as ever As little Victory over the Temptations of the World and the Flesh as formerly Are your Wills as rebellious and stubstorn as ever Are your Desires after Vanity and your Affections towards Earthly Things the same as formerly So for your Hopes and Fears Joys and Sorrows What Change hath been wrought Does fleshly Appetite and Sense and Carnal Interest sway and govern as much as ever Or is there a New Creation wrought in you Have you a new Mind and Judgment a new Heart and new Affections Do you walk in Newness of Life Is your Internal Principle changed and the External Rule of your Actions changed too Are you no longer conformed to the World but transformed by the renewing of your Minds Rom. 12.2 Is that sin hated and crucified that before was indulged Is that Saviour prized for to them that believe he is precious and the Chiefest of ten thousands that before was slighted Do you delight in the Law of God after the Inward Man Do you find the Holy Law of God written in your Hearts setting you against every sin in your selves and others Do you walk in the Spirit and after
to say I drink when I only eat But there is worse in it still For they seal up the Fountain of Christ's Blood from the People They pour it back again as it were into his Body and shut up his wounds as if his Blood were not shed for any but the Priests God has appointed the double Elements to increase the Consolation of Christians And we should not marvel sayes one that they who deny the Certainty of Grace and the Possibility of Assurance should deny the People the double Elements By their Doctrine they Preach but a half Comfort to Souls and by their Practice they administer but a half Sacrament to the Laity It is true They tell us that we read of this Ordinance under the Name of Breaking of bread We grant it But they may as well conclude That when Joseph Feasted and entertained his Brethren that he gave them nothing to Drink because it is only said That they did eat with him Can any one doubt but when we pray for our daily bread in the Lord's Prayer that we ask what is necessary for the Relief and Satisfaction of our Thirst as well as Hunger in that Petition Notwithstanding all that may be said against their Practice of denying the Cup to the People we read in the History of the Council of Trent when Communion in both kinds was proposed by those who were sent from France In the Reply made to that Motion They called the Cup for the Laity a Cup of Poyson And among other Anathema's in the Council of Trent there is one against all those that shall say That the Church had not good reason to take away the Cup from the People And yet they assign no Reason at all when there is manifestly as much Reason for drinking of the Cup as for eating of the Bread the same Authority requiring both The Cup of Blessing which we bless is the Communion of the Blood of Christ 2. With what humble Thankfulness should we use this Priviledge and obey this Order of our Lord Remembring him in this manner since thereby we have Communion in his Body and Blood The Night before he was betrayed he took Bread and took the Cup He Instituted the Feast and bid us Celebrate it in Remembrance of him You my Friends and Followers as if our Lord had said I am now about to leave you for the hour is at hand when I shall be Apprehended bound and Judged Condemned and Crucified and then I shall Rise again and go to my Father and your Father to my God and your God E're long I shall be received out of your sight you shall see me no more on Earth you shall not eat and drink with me any more as you have done But let me not be out of your mind when I am gone I have loved you and I will love you to the Death And to morrow you shall see the proof of my Love to you and to the lost World when I shall offer my self a Sacrifice for sin and lay down my Life for you And will you forget me That you may not I do institute and appoint this Solemn Memorial of my Death and leave it in Charge upon you and my whole Church to the end of the World upon all my Followers in all Ages to do it in Remembrance of me As often as you eat this Bread and drink this Cup of Blessing that you shew forth my Death till I come Accordingly the first Disciples of Christ did every Lord's Day make it a part of their Publick Worship But as the Zeal and Fervour of Christians abated the Frequency of Celebrating this Feast did abate too But some will be ready to say The Priviledge is so great I durst not adventure It is the Communion of the body and blood of Christ I am not fit for so great an undertaking My Conscience tells me I am utterly unworthy of so high a Favour My sins are so many and my frailties so many I durst by no means as yet adventure to come I Answer 1. That Sense of our Unworthiness and Unfitness which keeps us from the performance of a plain Duty is not true Humility It is not Presumption to do what we are required and to come when we are bidden though we are Unworthy to come We are unworthy of Food and Cloathing Will you therefore starve your selves or go naked Remember you are Invited and your Refusal thereupon may proceed from Pride if the Sense of Unworthiness hinder your Obedience to the Call of Christ It is a bold thing you think for you to come But is there no faulty Boldness in your neglecting to come when Christ has bid you remember him this way For this is not a Priviledge only but at the same time it is a Duty too And if your sense of your Unworthiness help you to come humbly and better prepared it is one of the best Characters of a worthy Receiver but it ought not to keep you from receiving altogether 2. You say you are unfit It may be you say true Will you continue so from year to year Is it not a Duty to fit and prepare your selves to repent of all sin and give up your selves to God in Christ as your God and Saviour and then renew your Covenant Do not you know that the Ignorant and the impenitent who are unfit to come to the Lords Table are unfit to die unfit for Heaven And will you continue in such a state wherein you are unfit to die And yet are uncertain to live an hour Your unfitness is your sin and will you turn it into an Apology for your other Sin It is the Duty of all real and unfeigned Christians to come to this Ordinance And it is the Duty of all to be such that they may come Not to Commemorate the Death of Christ this way as he hath appointed it is one sin To live in the neglect of due Preparation for it is Another Will your being Unprepared excuse your not coming when it is your duty to be such as may come How can you think God will forgive one sin because you commit another How can you expect he should pardon your neglect of his Table when all that you can say is that you neglect to fit your selves for it Men will not do their duty in other things and so are unfit for this Therefore 3. How is it that you are not as much afraid of disobeying this Command of thus Remembring the Death of Christ as you are afraid of doing it Unworthily You are afraid you should offend God by coming But ought you not to fear lest you offend him by staying away Should not a total neglect be apprehended a Fault as well as an undue Performance You do well to fear Unworthy receiving O be but as fearful to continue Unworthy and Unfit to receive This equal fear of Caution on both sides would make you diligent and solicitous to fit and prepare your selves And this concerns
Communion with several persons who if they would judge righteous Judgment concerning themselves ought to tarry away As having no Right before God to come to the Table of the Lord as the Case is with them at present In short It is unlawful to Communicate with Wicked Men if they be so bad and their Number so great as that it is our Duty to forsake such a Church If Heresie and Impiety be justified by the Major Vote and bare down Faith and Godliness then that particular Society is uncapable of the Ends of Church-Communion and so to joyn there would be sinful But in Cases of lesser Irregularity if we do not sin by the Neglect of our Duty it will be no sin of ours to Communicate with that Church though Unworthy Persons be Admitted The Sins of the Pastor and of particular Delinquents are not ours much less may we refuse Communion upon the account of other Men's Faults when we have not done our Duty in order to the Remedy and Cure of them 2. Object But others will say I am truly afraid to venture the Danger of Vnworthy Receiving is so very great that it makes me tremble to consider it I have been many years frighted with your Text That he that Eats and Drinks Unworthily eats and drinks Damnation to himself Answ 1. The Word which we translate Damnation signifies only Judgment or Punishment in the general and so is used in several places What Judgment therefore is meant the Context must determine And that speaks principally of Temporal Punishments for such are mentioned Verse 30. as inflicted on the Corinthians for the Profanation of this Ordinance For this cause some of you are sick and weak and many are fallen asleep Besides the Reason that is assigned for these Punishments or Judgments was That they might not be condemned with the World Verse 32. For when we are judged says the Apostle It is the same word it may be as well Rendred Damned as that in the Text Damnation But when we are judged we are chastned of the Lord that we may not be condemned with the World God did thus judge or punish the Corinthians in this World that they might be Reformed and not perish Eternally So that he who Eats and drinks unworthily may fear lest his Contempt and Profanation of the Ordinanance be followed by some Remarkable Jugdment of God at least it was so in the Apostle's time 2. Conside◠〈…〉 That the Disorders committed by the Corinthians and occasioned by their Love Feasts that preceded the Lord's Supper They were such as were peculiar to those Times and are now Abolish'd and disus'd Christians then Feasted by themselves in their Religious Assemblies in Imitation of what the Heathens did in their Idol-Temples The Rich sent in their own Provisions and every one contributed to this Feast by bringing some Portion but there they banded into several Parties as they came without tarrying one for another and feeding lovingly together Every one fell to that Portion of Meat which he brought as if they were at home when it should have been divided in Common and the Poor have had their share Whereas says the Apostle Some are hungry and others intemperate and drunken This they are taxed with in the 22. Ver. What says he have ye not houses to eat and to drink in They made little or no Difference between these Love-Feasts and the Lord's Supper at the close of them between these Sacred Symbols of our Lord's Body and Blood and common Food and Drink They were in the House and Worship of God just as in their own and made no Distinction between this and a common Meal Nay it was worse They turned this Ordinance into a drunken Club or a Riotous Entertainment making it an Instrument and Occasion of Debauchery This was Eating and Drinking Vnworthily indeed and no wonder if God did so severely punish them for it The Apostle Jude taxes these Love-Feasts Verse 12. But there is no danger of such Excesses at the Lord's Table now or of eating and drinking Vnworthily in the same manner as the Corinthians did 3. If we take Damnation for Eternal punishment which Vnworthy Receiving does without Repentance expose to Yet consider that the Wages of every Sin is Eternal Death And you have the same Reason to be afraid of Other Sins because you run the same Hazard The Sacrifices of the Wicked God abhors And the very Prayers of the Hpocrite are an Abomination to him But 4. Consider That by eating and driâ—king his own Damnation the Apostle does not mean that every such Person shall certainly and inevitably be damned but that without Repentance it is a damning Sin Unworthy eating is so and so is sinful abstaining too without Repentance And why so much Tenderness in the one Case and not in the other No Man needs be blamed for being unwilling to Damn himself But why should Men be fearful of it in this Instance and not in others Infidelity Disobedience and Impenitence will as certainly expose a Man to Damnation without the Sacrament as with it And they cannot fairly urge the Fear of Damnation against coming to it who are not restrained thereby from other sins as damning as this 5. That therefore which the Apostles words will most properly infer and direct us to is this That siâ—ce we are required iâ— Obedience to Christ to do this in rememb ance of him and yet such severe Punishments are threetned to those that do it unworthily The plain consequence is this That we should not omit it becaâ—se of the Command nor yet carelesly undertake it because of the threatned Juâ—gment But it will by no means excuse or plead for the total neglect and omission of it 'T is plain the Apostle never thought that the sin and danger of doing a Duty amiss might be made an Exception against the doing iâ— at all or â—hat threatning Damnation to eating a d drinking unwo thily should fâ—are Men from eating and drinking at all He takes what care he can that the Duty may be perform'd and the Err r in doing it may be effectually prevented But never makes the Danger of the one a Dispensation from the other He tells them of the sin to eat and drink unworthily and of the punishment it makes 'em obnoxious to but he doth not therefore tell 'em they may stay away from the Sacrament for fear of committing the sin or of incurring the Danger Not even in that case where they were actually Guilty and really Punisht 6. You ought to consider That you will but increase your Sin and aggravate your Damnation by all the other Duties of Religion and other parts of Divine Worship if you continue Impenitent You are often told that you ought not to come to this Table till you Repent and turn to God in Christ with all your heart and give up your selves intirely to be the Lord's But if you do not Resolve to do so the same Argument will hold for the neglect
simply But 2. Let us consider more particularly how these Things with Relation to the Jewish Passover were accomplished by Christ as the Lamb of God to take away Sin And that will appear if we consider four Things 1. The Person of Christ as our Passover or Paschal Lamb 2. His Sufferings and Sacrifice 3. The Fruits and Benefits of them to us 4. The way and manner of our Participation of these Benefits 1. The Person of Christ who is the true Paschal Lamb. I shall not stay to consider the Resemblance of his Character to a Lamb for Meekness for Patience for Submission and Obedience He was brought as a Lamb to the Slaughter and as a Sheep before the Shearers is dumb so he opened not his Mouth Nor that the Pasâ—hal Lamb was to be without blemish sound and entire without Bruise or Maim Thus holy was Christ in his Conception and Birth and in all the Actions of his Life A Lamb without blemish and without spot 1 Pet. 1.19 Holy harmless and undefiled separate from Sinners Heb. 7.26 Nor how the Lamb was set apart and chosen for three days and killed the fourth answered by Christ's being set apart to his Prophetical Office wherein he manifested himself for about three years before he offered himself a Sacrifice in the fourth year Those that write concerning the Types are large upon this Subject 2. We may consider his Passion and Sufferings the Fulfilling of it as to his Death and the Time of it The Paschal Lamb was to be Roasted with Fire Which might not only put them in Mind of the Hardships they endured in the Brick Kilms of Egypt but Prefigure the Sufferings of Christ as crucified and pressed when his strength was dryed up like a Potsheard and his Tongue did cleave to his Jaws Psalm 22.15 The Time also of his Suffering agreed with the Time of the Jewish Passover About the Ninth Hour or Three a Clock in the Afternoon the usual Time that the Passover was to be Killed 3. As to the Fruits and Effects of his Sacrifice there is a further Accomplishment of the Type For the destroying Angel is diverted from the Israelites Houses The Blood of a Lamb could not Merit or procure this but as it Represented the Blood of the Messiah Whereby the Wrath of God is quenched and we delivered from Satan the great Destroyer And as this was the Earnest of their Deliverance from their Bondage in Egypt By the Death of Christ we are set free from a much worse Slavery 4. Consider the manner how we partake of the Benefit and Fruits of Christ's Sacrifice Our Hearts must be sprinkled with the Blood of Christ as the Israelites were to sprinkle the Blood of the Lamb on the Door-post of their Houses They were to feed upon the Flesh of the Paschal Lamb We are in a Spiritual sense to do so with Reference to Christ John 6.53 They were to eat it with sour Sauce with bitter or wild Herbs Repentance for Sin must be joyned with Faith in a Saviour Vnleavened Bread was to be thrown out of the House And you know how the Apostle applies this unto those who are called to keep the Feast even that Feast upon the Sacrifice of Christ at his own Table 1 Cor. 5.7 8. Not with the Leaven of Malice and Wickedness But with the Vnleavened Bread of Sincerity and Truth It was Remarkable as to the first Passover It was to be eaten in hast with their Loins girt Shoes on their Feet and a Staff in their Hand As Pilgims and Strangers here who are hastning to a better Country which God hath promised and which their Canaan may Mind us of and make this also Applicable to our Case Which will bring me to the Sixth and last thing Sixthly and lastly The Resolution amd Declaration of Christ to eat and drink no more of this Passover till it be accomplished Some think that the 18th Verse I will drink no more of the Fruit of the Vine till I drink it new with you in my Fathers Kingdome is misplaced and ought to come in after the Institution of the Lord's Supper as it is placed by the Evangelists Matthew and Mark. * 83. Homil. in Matthaeum Chrysostom thinks it Refers to his Eating and Drâ—nking with his Disciples after his Resurrection in this World That he would not any more Eat and Drink till he had suffered Death and was risen again And then to manifest the Truth of his being Risen he did condescend to satisfie and convince them in that manner But there is little ground for that Interpretation It is not improbable but our Lord may Allude here to the Custom of the High Priests who coming out of the Holy of Holies did keep a Feast of Joy with his Friends For if he were a Wicked Man say the Jews he died in the Place If a good Man he came out safe And then he Rejoyced with his Friends and kept a Feast where they were wont to drink New Wine To this Custom our Lord may Allude in this Expression thereby telling his Disciples That he should not sink in the Performance of what he underto k * Dr. Allix in the great Offering that he was to make to God his Father but come off with Success And then they should Rejoyce and Feast together He would drink new Wine with them in the Kingdom of his Father Some think the Evangelist Luke as to Christ's drinking new Wine Refers to the Lord's Supper that was to follow And as he Recites the Words they are more Intelligible than as they are mentioned by St. Matthew or Mark. He Annexes them to the Passover Cup though the other Recite this Passage after the Cup in the Lord's Supper But the Words might have been spoken by Christ before And 't is easier to Transpose the Words in Matthew and Mark to the unmentioned Occasion which was immediately before the Lord's Supper than to Transpose the whole 19th and 20th Verses in Luke before the 17th Verse which would also make it a Tautology By the Kingdom of God all the Evangelists seem to mean the Gospel Dispensation which was to Commence in the Lord's Supper as the first of that sort for the Baptism of John and of the Disciples of Christ before his Death was different from Baptism since the New Testament Baptism Acts 19.4 5. The Lord's Supper by Anticipation did signifie and shew forth the Lord's Death This is my Body broken for you He supposed it broken and himself sacrificed and the Passover fulfilled Jesus Christ being the Lamb of God Typified and Presignified by the Paschal Lamb till his Sacrifice of himself And so to put a Period to the former Oeconomy on which the Gospel Dispensation did ensue The Term New till I drink it New may be accounted for and that some of the Evangelists say that Day I 'll drink it New though it were the same Hour because it Refers to a different Period and Dispensation viz. The
ceasing of the Mosaick and the beginning of the Evangelical one In the like sense the same Word is used in other Places as Zach. 14 6 7. And that which answers to the Word New is that it is opposed to the old Dispensation that it serves to Divine Purposes by a new Institution and so is made New And it declares that the N w Gospel Dispensation to which it is appropriate is now beginning or to commence I 'll not drink of it till I drink it New with you in my Father's Kingdom or in the Kingdom of God i. e. In the Lord's Supper which is my Gospel Institution and the Beginning of the Peculiar Kingdom of God as dispens'd after my Actual Death and Sufferings No question but the Sense is very safe to consider it with Reference to the Heavenly Glory as it is usually understood when all the Blessings of this Passover shall be fully Accomplished in the Heavenly Canaan Neither is it strange or unusual for the same Ancient Type or Figure to respect to several Objects and so have several Degrees of Accomplishment * Les OEVRES Posthumes de Mr. Claude Tom. 2. l. 4. cap. 9. traité de J. Christ This of the Paschal Lamb might not only have Relation to the Angel's passing by the Houses of the Isrelites in Egypt and their passage out of Bondage into Liberty by the Deliverance that follow'd but unto the Absolution and Deliverance of Believers by the Blood of Chrsst and unto the Deliverance of Christ himself out of the Grace and from a state of Humiliation to that of Glory and to the passage of the Church Militant upon Earth to a state of Triumph in Heaven The Blessedness of Heaven is frequently set off by this Metaphor of Eating and Drinking And at the Lord's Table which was Instituted at the close of the Passover Feast the Thoughts of Heaven are proper We meet at this Table as those who hope to sit down with all the Children of the Kingdom at the last great Supper of the Lamb. This Ordinance is a lively Resemblance of the Heavenly Feast and should assist our Meditations on it Our Lord doth here speak to us such kind of Language Ere long we shall Feast together in Heaven What is now done in Emblem shall be then done in Reality You have here the Earnest Pledge and Assurance of it This Table is a Preparatory Entertainment for the Eternal Supper * Bishop Parick Mensa mystica chap. 18. It is some foretaste to stay our Longings and yet excite our Desires after the Heavenly Feast above Here we break our Fast as I may say but are made thereby very Hungry till that Great Supper come Here we have but a Praelibation a little short Antepast of some Rare things to come yet seeing it is an Earnest of those Things it creates in an holy Soul a wonderful Contentment both from its own Sweetness and the Hopes wherewith it feeds us It nourishes in us most Delicious Longings it makes the Soul even swell with Comfortable Expectations And we Receive it not only as a Remembrance of what was done but as a Pledge of what shall be We taste not only what he is to our Souls at present but what he shall be for ever If it be a Priviledge to be Admitted to sit at his Table and to have his Covenant sealed to me by the outward Ordinance and his special Love by his Spirit to my Heart All the Life and Comfort of these is That they Declare and Assure me of more and better Comforts hereafter Their Use is darkly to signifie and seal higher Mercies When I shall Drink with Christ of the Fruit of the Vine renewed How pleasant a Feast will that be O◠the Difference * Mr. Baxter as One hath well exprest it O the Difference between the last Supper of Christ on Earth and the Marriage Supper of the Lamb at the Great Day Here he is in an Vpper-Room accompanied with Twelve poor selected men feeding on no curious Dainties but a Paschal Lamb with sour Herbs and a Judas at his Table ready to betray him But then his Room will be the Glorious Heavens his Attendants all the Host of Angels and Saints no Judas nor unfurnished Guest comes there but the humble Believers must sit down by him and the Feast will be their mutual Loving and Rejoycing You know nevertheless that when the Israelites were got out of Egypt and delivered by the Blood of the Lamb and had a Promise of Canaan they had yet a Wilderness to pass through many Enemies to Encounter and Difficulties to overcome before they entred into Canaan though God protected and maintained and supplyed them in the Wilderness all that while So is it with us Christians though we recover our Spiritual Liberty by Faith in the Blood of Jesus and are made a peculiar People unto God a Nation of Kings and Priests unto the most High and are marching towards the Heavenly Canaan and have the Promise of it We have yet a Wilderness to pass through We have Adversaries on all sides to resist We need a Pillar of Cloud and of Fire to direct us and Manna from Heaven to supply us And this we shall have from time to time till we come to Canaan and then our Lord will eat and drink with us after a better manner we shall have New Wine in his Kingdom He is gone to prepare a Feast for us to make ready the great Supper of the Lamb for all the Children of the Kingdom After he was Sacrificed as the Lamb of God he tarried Fourty Days upon the Earth from his Resurrection till he Ascended into Heaven As the Jews after their Passover in Egypt wandred 40 years in the Wilderness before they entred into Canaan But all Believers after a few Years Difficulty and Tryals in this World with the Presence of God to Conduct and Guide them shall at last sit down for ever with Christ to Reap the full Harvest of his Sufferings to receive the compleat Deliverance which he hath procured to enjoy all the blessed Fruits of his Death all the Purchase of his Redeeming Blood This he will come again to bestow upon those who believe expect and prepare for it Some Inferences of Truth and Duty may be collected as the Application of what has been said 1. That Believers under the Old Testament and under the New have the same Object of Faith They did eat the same spiritual Meat and drink the same spiritual Drink Their Sacraments and ours have different Signs but in Substance were the same Theirs having Relation to Christ the Messiah as well as ours Accordingly we read of Circumcision and the Passover in a spiritual sense under the Gospel And that which answers to Baptism and the Lord's Supper with us Even they under the Old Testament had 1 Cor. 10.2 3. They were under the Covenant of Grace though not so clear a Dispensation of it as we They were
the Spirit of Christ and not after the Flesh or according to the course of the World as formerly Is the Life you lead in the Flesh by the Faith of the Son of God How do you stand affected as to inward Spiritual Duties that concern the inward workings of your Thoughts and Conscience and Affections and such things as none but God and you do know of Is it as great a burden and trouble to your Souls to act contrary to the renewed Nature as before to contradict the Inclinations of the Flesh Is Prayer your dayly work and delight Do you cherish and promote the new Creature Are you restless after you have fallen into Sin till by Repentance you recover Pardon and Peace Do you grow up daily into greater Conformity to Christ and Imitation of him Desiring nothing more than that his Image may be drawn more lively on your Hearts and exprest more fully in your Lives according to the various Providences of God that call for the exercise of such and such Graces and according to the various Institutions of Christ wherein such and such Holy Affections are to be imployed The knowledg of this Union to Christ upon examination will give us the Comfort of all those Priviledges which result from it Examine how matters are with you as to these things and what care you take to maintain the bonds of Union to strengthen Faith and obey the Spirit and whether it be better now than it was a year ago While Merchants and Tradesmen cast up their Books and make up their Accounts at the end of the Year let us not neglect the like work as Christians with reference to our Spiritual State Let us not be less concerned to know whether we Thrive or Decay whether we advance and go forward or else decline 5. The next Vse may be of Comfort to such as are in Christ Our Union to him is the Foundation of all our Fellowship with him and after supplies of Grace and Life If we are in Jesus Christ he is made of God unto us Wisdom and Righteousness and Sanctification and Redemption 1 Cor. 1.30 Such shall be delivered from Wrath entituled to Eternal Life have the Pardon of all their Sins Christ as their Advocate pleads for 'em in Heaven in him they are Adopted and have free access to God his Spirit dwells in them their Services are accepted c. If we are in him there is no condemnation unto such Rom. 8.1 Such a man is not condemned is not in a state of condemnation for the present John 3.18 And such a Member of Christ cannot Perish who by Union to him is United to God the Fountain of Life Our Lord speaks of the Union of the Father unto him as Mediator and his Union unto us as both in order to our Perfection and eternal Felicity John 17.20 23. I in them and thou in me that they may all be made perfect in one But there is no Reconciliation to God no Remission of Sins no Adoption no Salvation by Christ but for such as are in him Whereas all things are yours even Life and Death things present and things to come when you are Christ's There is a Train of invaluable Blessings follow this new Creation and Union to Christ where it is truly wrought * See Mr. Polhill 's Christus in Corde chap. 8. 2 Ephes 13.14 1 Cor 3.22 You are brought under the bond and blessing of the New Covenant Jer. 31.33 You are dignified with a new Name Rom. 2.17 You are begotten to a new Hope entitled to a new Inheritance 1 Pet. 1.3 1 John 12.13 And you shall be preserved and kept by the powerful Grace of Christ unto the full possession of it None shall pluck you out of his hands because he lives you shall live nothing shall be able to separate you from him If you are planted into the likeness of his Death for the destruction of the Body of Sin you shall grow up with him in the likeness of his Resurrection Rom. 6.5 6. Not only shall you receive Influence of Spiritual Life from him while you live but by vertue of this Union you shall dye in the Lord and sleep in Jesus Rev. 14.13 1 Thes 4.14 You shall be with him in Glory and your Bodies shall be raised by him and be made like his most glorious Body Rom. 8.11 But Lastly Let me close with Exhortation 1. Unto all to labour after Vnion to Christ 2. Unto those that have good hope through Grace that they are in him and profess to be so Let me exhort them that they would live as new Creatures 1. Labour after Vnion unto Christ How earnestly should this be desired how diligently pursued For we can have no Communion no Adoption no Freedom from Condemnation without it Faith on our part and the Spirit on Christ's are the Bonds of Union Let us carefully make use of the Word and Prayer in order to both waiting and begging of God and using all the hopeful means that are in our power in order to it How earnest should be our pursuits of this Priviledge how fervent our Prayers and constant our Endeavours after it Never leave solliciting the Throne of God till the Creator and Father of Spirits have created another breath into your nostrils another spirit into your Souls even the Spirit of Christ whereby we are united to him lay your self at his feet and with all the violence and importunity and humility that your distressed case may prompt you to beg the holy spirit to over shadow thee And yet learn so much Patience from thy beggarly state as not to challenge him at thine own times but wait his leasure and observe his motions doing all that possible thou canst in the use of common Grace to prepare the room against his coming and continue in Prayer watching thereunto in the use of all the out means which God hath afforded thee 2. Be exhorted to live as New creatures You are obliged to it by your Baptism and by your Profession of Christianity You that come to the Lord's Table are especially obliged That old things should be done away and all things become New You consider his Sufferings from time to time as represented in that Ordinance You there feast upon his Sacrifice and consider the cause of his Sufferings your own Sins and the end of them your Redemption from the Guilt and Filth and Power of Sin Can you do this and not feel the Obligation to live as New creatures and resolve upon it Do you not there renew your Covenant and engage your selves afresh to walk as the Redeemed of the Lord unto all well pleasing Do you not there cast your selves into the Arms of a Crucified Saviour and plead the Merits of his Death and beg the Supplies of his Spirit and bind your selves to strict fidelity to him as long as you live under a grateful sense of his kindness who has loved you and washed you from your sins in
or do either Preach or live in such a manner as to give them reason to think so 2. From the other Reason to encourage them to patient suffering we may observe That the Example of Christ's Courage and Constancy should be very influential upon all his Followers and if duly considered is like to be so For he is our Captain and Forerunner we are to follow him and fill up that which remains of his Sufferings All that we can suffer is but the gleaning of the Vintage after he has trodden the Wine-Press alone God hath spoken it once yea twice have we heard it that is in the Old Testament and in the New That Sufferings are the way to Glory That many are the Afflictions of the Righteous That through many Tribulations we must enter into Heaven c. 3. The Circumstance of Time is next to be considered When our Lord passed over the Brook Cedron viz. After he had instituted the Sacrament of the supper After he had spoken those words of Consolation and Instruction to his Disciples and of Petition to his Father Then he walked over the Brook Cedron with his Disciples He went forth to meet with sufferings and his Disciples were with him How admirable is the Wisdom and Condescension of our merciful Saviour thus to antidote and sore-arm his poor Disciples thus to prepare and dispose his faint hearted Followers to be Witnesses of his sufferings and Partakers of them For after such a blessed Preparative what should be able to sink their Spirits After they had Joined in such an Ordinance as the Lords supper administred by Christ himself After they had received such excellent Instructions and heard such a sermon from his own Mouth After they had been present when he put up such a Prayer to God as that recorded in the 17. of John what could dishearten them or damp their Courage We may hence take notice That the participation of Solemn Ordinances and Communion with God therein is an excellent Preparative to more than ordinary Trialls What better preparation for patient and couragious suffering for Christ than the Lords Supper wherein we remember his dying Love that should engage us to it And so for other Afflictions even the Calamities common to men The Sacramental Bread may be our staff and strength to fortifie and confirm our Minds against all Difficulties The sacramental Wine may be a Cordial to our fainting Spirits to inbolden us against all Discouragments On this Account they that neglect this Ordinance are wanting to themselves as to preparedness for and support in a time of Affliction And for this Reason we may suppose the primitive Christians did communicate so often every Lords Day sometimes every Day whenever they met for publick Worship because they were in continual Jeopardy of their Lives And the multitude of Martyrs in those times and their invincible Patience and Perseverance was much owing to this and influenced by it 4. Let us consider the place he retired to when he went over the Brook Cedron viz The Garden of Gethsemane The word Gethsemane signifies an Oile-press It was a little village scituated at the foot of the Mount of Olives on which Mountain there were many Olive-trees and so many Oil-presses in that Village The Mount of Olives hath its name with relation to this and the Jewish writers call it sometimes the Mountain of Vnction sometimes the Mountain of Light sometimes the Mountain of Health because of the use of Oyl as to all these This Garden of Gethsemane as some think was first planted by David or Solomon and then enlarged and beautified by succeeding Princes for their Recreation and Delight If that be true where they took their pleasure the Messias the true Son of David began his Passion in memory whereof Hellen the Mother of Constantine the Great afterwards built a Chappel there which was visible in the days of Jerom and some affirm the Virgin Mary the Mother of our Lord was Buried in or near this place But to pass that as doubtful it is very probable that in or near this Village near Jerusalem many of the rich Citizens had their Gardens and Country-Houses and among them some of Christs Followers who gave him and his twelve Disciples Entertainment therefore it is said he often resorted thither with his Disciples But 5. Why he did so is more to our purpose to inquire Why our Lord chose this place to prepare himself for his suffering and to begin his Agony And this may be answered in three particulars 1. The first sin was committed in a Garden and therefore the beginning of our Lords Passion for the expiation of sion did very fitly begin in a Garden too It was in a Garden that man began to sin and in such a place the Son of God began his Sufferings The first Adam incurs the Wrath and Displeasure of God in a Garden The second Adam trembles and groans and sweats and prays for the turning away of that Wrath from us in a Garden too he there began his Passion for our Recovery Our first Parents lost the Image of God by their disobedience and heard the Sentence of Condemnation in a Garden our Lord comes to restore the Divine Image and reverse the Sentence of Condemnation by his bloody sufferings and Death which begin in this Garden of Gethsemane as the Promise of it was first made in the Garden of Eden that the Seed of the Woman should bruise the Serpents-head Compare Eden and Gethsemane We were first seduced by the old Serpent in the Garden of Eden and his Head was bruised by the Agony and Bloody Passion of Christ which began in this Garden of Gethsemane In the one Garden the Devil conquered the first Adam but is overcome by the second Adam in the other when he resolved to drink the cup saying Not my Will but thine be done In the first Garden that of Eden man surfeited on the forbidden Fruit and fell from God for which our blessed Redeemer had a bloody Sweat in the Second the Garden of Gethsemane We were turned out of the earthly Paradise by sinning in the first we have the Purchace of the heavenly Paradise by our Lord 's Suffering which began in the second The beginning of our Calamity and of all the miseries of Mankind had its rise in the Garden of Eden And the beginning of the Messias Passion for our recovery was in the Garden of Gethsemane There our Lord signed the Decree for his own Crucifixion by his bloody Sweat as the Pledge and earnest of his shedding his Blood the next day upon the Cross 2. Another and more evident Reason why our Lord chose this Garden was because it was a solitary place fit for Meditation and Prayer and the more solemn Preparation of himself for his Crucifixion which was now so near He was now in prospect of his approaching Death he knew that within a few Hours he should be Apprehended and Taken Judged and Condemned to a
shameful Cross and therefore retires here for Meditation and Prayer in order to it To bear the Curse of the Law and strugle with the Wrath of God the due Wages of our sin which he undertook to expiate And to Conflict with all those Sufferings Antecedent and Concomitant to such a Death needed such Preparation Yea the solemn Resignation of himself to the Will of God by Prayer in this Garden before he Offered himself upon the Cross was necessary as the accomplishment of a legal Type that prefigured it For all the Levitical Sacrifices were first consecrated by Prayer before they were burnt upon the Altar This Lamb of God the truth of all those Sacrifices the Substance of all those Types was first to devote himself to God by Prayer before he was nailed to the Cross And this Garden of Gethsemane being a solitary Place was fit for that purpose 3. I may add another reason He went thither because it was a place that Judas knew of where his Enemiâ—s might be sure to find him and so accomplish the eternal Counsels of God concerning his sufferings and Death Several times before this they endeavoured to lay hands on him but his hour was not come But now he was willing and resolved to dye And therefore knowing that Judas would betray him and having bid him do quickly what he intended to do he doth not go about to abscond and hide himself to prevent it He retires to this Garden which the Traytor was well acquainted with And when he comes with a Company to take him he tells them more than once He is the Person they seek for Let me make a few Reflexions on this particular As 1. Since our Lords Passion began in a Garden Let me caution you not to abuse your Gardens and places of Retirement and Recreation to vanity and sin but improve them by holy Meditation when you are walking there How often is Christ dishonoured in such places either when you are in Company or when are alone In company by intemperance in Banqueting or by vain or wanton Discourses or by uncharitable and backbiting Stories of others c. Or when you are alone by wanton and lustful thoughts by speculative uncleanness wicked projects c. But thus to retire into a Garden is to retreat from men and fall into the hands of the Devil Such persons imitate their Mother Eve in the Garden of Eden and hold a Dialogue with the old serpent Others who are less criminal are yet to be reproved that make no holy improvement of such places but only for Recreation and Pleasure to gratifie their Senses Every wise and good man loves sometimes to be alone and ought to be so for serious Meditation Now a Garden is a fit place for such a purpose and may be of excellent use to such an end And there is no Object can meet our Eyes or affect any of our senses there without giving us some Notices of God and directing us to some useful Instructions in reference to our selves if we did not want a holy heart and spiritual wisdom to improve them Especially in your Garden walks Meditate on the Garden of Eden and think of this Garden of Gethsemane Consider how Man sinned in the one and how Christ suffered in an Agony in the other First From the Garden of Eden you may take occasion to contemplate the State of Innocence the Entrance of Sin the Fall of our First Parents the Subtilty of the Tempter the Danger of Gratifying the Sensual Appetite from their Example in Eating the Forbidden Fruit the prevalency of Temptation when a near and Beloved Relation is the Instrument of the Devil to urge it c. Secondly Think of the Garden of Gethsemane too when you are delighting your self in some pleasant Walk in your own Garden Think how the Son of God lay prostrate on his Face in an Agony in this Garden of Gethsemane When you look upon a Fruit-tree especially a Vine or taste of a Grape remember the Blood of Christ that trickled from his Sacred Body If you are sometimes merry and chearful with your Friends in a Garden forget not how your Saviour was exceeding sorrowful My Soul is exceeding Sorrowful unto Death When you are cooling your selves in the Shade remember his Agony and Bloody Sweat under the Apprehensions of the Wrath of God due to your sin How his Soul boiled up as one of the Greek Expressions does signifie and his Blood broke out at every part of his Body with the extremity of the Heat You may consider how the First Adam was Tempted by an Evil Angel in the Garden of Eden and the Second was Comforted in his Agony by a Good one Adam's Sentence in the former was to get his living by the Sweat of his brows Christ by his Bloody Sweat in this procures our Life And let not such places be abused to sin and vanity that may so easily be improved to put us in mind of such Important Truths 2. In that this was a Solitary Place we may observe That it is fit to retire for Meditation and Prayer to some Secret Place from the Company and Observation of others There are many things which are proper enough and may become us in an Affectionate Prayer in secret especially for a Penitent which are not allowable in Social Worship or Publick Prayer with others As Prostration of our selves on the Ground Beating the Breast Extraordinary Sobs and Sighs Plentiful Tears and Passionate Expostulations with God c. which either Modesty or Prudence may restrain in publick may be used with greater Liberty in Secret where is no Temptation to Hypocrisie or vain-glory to abuse them And therefore our Lord directs us Math. 6. That we enter into our Closets and shut the door and then pray to our Father who is in Heaven who seeth in secret and will reward us openly 3. In that Christ retires here to prepare himself with the greater Solemnity for his approaching Death We may learn That whenever we have a Prospect of our Change at hand we should not content our selves with habitual preparation but use a more solemn distinct and actual preparation for it Our Lord no doubt was always in a Readiness for that which he knew was the great end of his Incarnation And yet the night before his Sufferings he retires into this Garden to prepare himself for that hour We should always so live as to be fit to die because every hour we make some steps towards the Grave Every thought every word is a Sand running from the Glass of Time We sleep every night in the outer Chambers of Death and should by Prayer prepare our selves for it even for that Image of Death And shall we not much more for Death it self when we have a Prospect of its approach in whose Arms we must rest Prisoners till the great Morning of the Resurrection If God give us Notice and Warning by Old Age or a dangerous Sickness or a languishing
Body or by any other method that we shall shortly leave this World Solemn actual Preparation in such a case is fit and necessary If God tell any of you by a Bodily Sickness your Change is near If the Decays and Infirmities of Old Age the most incurable of all Diseases tell you That you have not long to live that it is high time to set your Hearts and your Houses in order You ought actually to prepare solemnly to do so You that have one foot in the Grave already forget not this least the Devil trip up the other before you are Ready But you that have served the Lord from your Youth and have the comfortable Review of your past sincerity in walking with God you may rejoyce upon any such Summons that your Race is almost run Your warfare will shortly be accomplished you have but a few steps more of your pilgrimage to make a few Temptations more to resist a very little time longer of trial and conflict before you shall receive the End of your Faith and Hope and be for ever with the Lord. Should you not then with such a warning stir up the Grace of God quicken holy Desires strengthen Faith and exercise it about the Invisible World and solemnly resign your selves into the Arms of the Redeemer 4. Because this was the place that Judas knew of were he might find our Lord and betray him Let us take notice of Christ's willingness and Resolvedness to suffer Death and what an Obligation it lays upon us of Love and Gratitude to this Merciful Saviour This I shall a little urge as suitable to the past Solemnity of this day to make us Thankful who have been Partakers of the Memorials of his dying Love in the Sacrament of the Supper He was free and voluntary in Suffering He went to the place which Judas knew of though he knew Judas would come and betray him He freely offered himself in the Council of God to undertake our Redemption He voluntarily quitted his Fathers Bosom in the fulness of Time to assume our Nature and therein suffer and die He was not forced into a State of Poverty and Humiliation but for our sakes became poor that we through his poverty might become rich The necessity of his Death arose from his own holy will his free Act and Undertaking which doth not lessen his Willingness but heighten the Obligation of it It had been Injustice to punish an Innocent who was unwilling to suffer in the place of a Criminal But he gave himself a Sacrifice of a sweet smelling Odour unto God for us He was not driven by force and violence as the legal Sacrifices unto the Altar But he comes to the Door of the Tabernacle he enters into this Garden that Judas knew of He endeavours not to go out of the way to escape their Malice but chuses a place that the Traytor was acquainted with He had a Baptism to be Baptized with and he longed for its Accomplishment He walked forth of his own Accord over the Brook Cedron with his Disciples into this Garden where he knew he should be taken And when they came to take him he permits Judas to kiss him which was the sign he had given them to distinguish the Person He twice tells the Officers That he was He whom they sought for He would not suffer an Apostle to use a Sword in his Defence though he could have commanded Legions of Angels for his Guard He proves that he might have escaped if he would for he speaks but a mild word saying I am he and they all fall to the ground as if he had come to apprehend them and not they him After this he would not work a Miracle to gratifie the Curiosity of Herod and make him his Friend in order to his Deliverance Yea he was silent under all the Accusations of the False Witnesses and afterward bore his own Cross as far as he was able towards the place of Execution And then he poured out his Soul unto Death and rendred up his Spirit to his Father saying It is finished It is finished And that last Circumstance is very considerable to prove his Willingness For we read that when they came to break his bones and found him dead which prevented the breaking of his Bones and accomplished the Prophecy concerning him which says A bone of him shall not be broken they wondered he was dead so quickly So quickly indeed when immediately before he gave up the Ghost he cried with a loud Voice Which sufficiently declared that no man took away his Life but that he voluntarily laid it down For having cryed with a loud Voice and thereby given sufficient Proof that his strength was not gone that his Spirits were not exhausted but he might have continued longer alive he then bowed his head in token of Reverence to his Father and gave up the Ghost which was a Circumstance so considerable that a Centurion who stood by observing it was thereupon converted and gave God the Glory But it may be objected though his coming into this Garden might be a Proof of his Willingness yet what passed there seems to intimate the contrary why else does he pray so earnestly that the Cup might pass from him if he was willing to drink it I answer That even in the Time of his Agony when he seemed most Unwilling as Man even when he prayed that the Cup might pass from him yet was he still willing as Mediator The Text says he began to be exceeding sorrowful and sore amazed saying My Soul is exceeding sorrowful even unto death The Original words are very emphatical to express Sadness and Fear and such Affections of the Soul His Soul not his Body nor his Soul with Sympathy only with his Body For he was here alone in the Garden crucified as it were without a Cross His Body here suffered by reason of his Soul The whole Nature of Man had sinned and the Soul being the Principal in the commission of Sin the Redeemer who was to expiate sin suffered in his Soul My Soul is exceeding sorrowful even to death Insomuch that Clods of Blood dropt from him though there was no visible hand to strike him Which makes him pray and cry in such a manner to his Father for the passing away of the Cup Father if it be possible let this Cup pass from me Father save me from this hour Oh what Pain what Fear what Horror what dismal Apprehensions and cruel Sufferings must force such words of complaint from such an Heart as his But no wonder his Cries were so strong his Prayers so earnest his Complaints so loud and the Comfort of an Angel not sufficient for his support when the greatness of his Agony and the extream Sufferings of his Soul are above our thoughts to conceive who understand so little of the evil of sin and the vengeance due to it so little of the Terror of the Lord and the Power of his Wrath as a
Righteous Avenger However there is a great difference between what Christ suffered and what the Damned in Hell suffer For they hate God and Holiness and are hated of him and forsaken by his Holy Spirit and are under the power of sin and are tormented by the Conscience of their Personal Guilt But what Christ suffer'd was for us and he was still in the Love of God and continued to love him c. Let us consider him incompassed with Grief and seized by sorrow appaled with Fear lying prostrate on his Face on the ground deprecating that Cup of vengeance which the Justice of God had mingled saying Father if it be possible let this Cup pass from me He Prays again a second time in the same place to the same purpose Abba Father if it be possible let this Cup pass He adores his Majesty he owns his Omnipotence he takes hold of his Power he pleads his filial Relation with all imaginable earnestness submission and importunity Father if it be possible and with thee all things are possible Abba Father Holy Father let this Cup pass from me And then he groans and sweats and his sweat was as it were great drops of blood falling to the ground He prays again the third time using in effect the same words as if nothing else would yet his Importunity might prevail for the removal of the Cup. And yet notwithstanding all this he was then Willing All the struglings of his Innocent Nature issued in this That the Will of God should be done and his Glory be accomplished Holy Father glorifie thy self Not my will but thine be done It was for this end I came into the World for this end I came unto this hour The desire of his Humane Soul submits and yields to the determination and Will of his Father And therefore those words if it be possible must be explained by those other If thou wilt if it be most for thy Glory of a possibility in respect of the Divine Will and Glory rather than of the Divine Power And having two Natures he must needs have two Wills he could not else be the true Son of God and true Man He desires to decline his Sufferings as a Man for so they were against Nature But as they were the means to reconcile us to God he is willing as Redeemer to undergo them We may abhor a Medicine as bitter and yet resolve to take it as wholsome So that after all the reluctance of his Humane Nature he was still willing and his entring into this Garden when he knew that Judas was acquainted with the place and would find him there and betray him is a proof of it 6. Our Saviour's Custom to retire to this Garden He was wont to resort thither with his Disciples This Garden of Gethsemane was on the side of the Mount of Olives and that we are told was at the distance of a Sabbath-days Journey from Jerusalem Act. 1.12 If we reckon from the foot of the Mountain or the 〈…〉 part of it unto the City it is thoâ—ght to be about five or six 〈…〉 thousand 〈…〉 â—ting by 〈…〉 measured And it is most probable that the People in the Wilderness were to keep from the Tabernacle at the distance of two thousand Cubits And on that account this distance is supposed the measure of a Sabbath-days Journey when they went to the Ark to Worship It is an ordinary Tradition among the Jews That it was not lawful on their Sabbaths to walk above two thousand cubits which seems to be founded on that Text Josh 3.4 where the People are commanded in their March after the Ark and on either side of it to keep at the distance of two thousand cubits and when they encamped did usually pitch their Tents at that distance from the Ark And so the Custom arose of travelling but 2000 cubits on their Sabbath-days which is reckon'd not above half a mile It may be for this reason the Holy Ghost measures the distance between Jerusalem and the Mount of Olives by a Sabbath-days Journey and not by so many Furlongs Because in fair Weather many devout Jews were wont to retire thither for Meditation after the Publick Worship was over From hence let me make two Reflections for our own practice and so conclude 1. Since our Lord was wont to retire from Jerusalem to the Mount of Olives for Meditation and Prayer Let me hence take occasion to press these Duties It is certainly one of the best Evidences of an Upright Christian to be serious in this secret work It is of mighty advantage to our growth in Grace to the Evidence and Comfort of it And he deserves not the Name of a Serious Christian who can pass whole days and weeks contentedly without Meditation and secret Prayer Our stedfastness in the ways of God and our daily walk in holy Security and Peace is manifestly assisted by it Such a course cannot consist with regarding and indulging deliberately any known sin This will be a good Argument of our Integrity before God this constant intercourse and Communion between God and us These frequent visits to Heaven will be so conversing with God and pouring out our hearts before him in Secret retiring as it were to the other World so as no temptation of Applause or Reputation from Men can be thought to byass or mislead us when no eye sees us but the great searcher of hearts when no ear hears us but that of our Invisible Judge when no hand can reward us but the Omnipresent Lord our Father and our Redeemer in Heaven who sees in secret and will reward us openly You have been often told That the Conscientious performance of Secret prayer will make you leave sinning or a Course of sin will make you desist daily serious praying 2. I infer from this example of our Lord That after the participation of solemn Odinances especially on the Lord's-day it is very fit and useful for Christians to retire by themselves to spend some time alone in Meditation and prayer To call your selves to an Account to reflect on your wayes and frame to make a trial of your State and Temper to observe your Spirits how they have been influenced or not by the Divine Spirit in the Solemn Duties of Worship to humble your selves before God for the sins you are convinced of such especially as other Men cannot charge you with but God and Conscience know you are guilty of To thank God for his numberless Mercies to beg the suitable supplies of his Grace and whatever Blessings you stand in need of for you and yours This is the right improvement of Sabbaths and Sacraments and such seasons of Mercy as God is pleased to continue to us in order to Eternal Life And without something of this kind tho you frequent the Publick Assemblies and sit before him as his People you do but mock God and trifle with Heaven while you pretend to Religion and assume the Name of Christians You act
a Scene and a Part and have only a Form of Godliness but must expect to pay dear for your Solemn Hopocrisie Let me therefore Advise you to three things in your Retirement after the Publick Worship and Solemn Ordinances of Christ as the End and Reason for which I will press it 1 That you retire in order to the confession of Sin and the Exercise of Repentance That when you have finished the publick work of a Sabbath or come from any special Ordinance of the Gospel by after Meditation you would reflect upon your selves and take notice of your Defects and Failings Discomposures and Distempers of Mind What unsuitableness of Spirit there has been to heavenly Mysteries or what unprepared Addresses we have made to the Majesty of Heaven and Earth the roving of our Fancies the vanity of our Thoughts c. We should humble our selves on such Occasions That we attended with no more Reverence and Diligence to the Word of God That we did not receive the Truth in the Love of it That it was not mixed with Faith Tnat we did not make particular and close application of it to our selves That our Hearts were not lâ—ft up in the ways of the Lord and our Souls under an awe of God in Prayer with becoming Affections and suitable Exercise of Grace under the influence of the Divine Spirit and in the Name of the Mediator That we approached the Table of the Lord with no more Examination of our Hearts and Ways before we came with no more Repentance for our past Guilt no more hungering after the Bread of Life no more spiritual Thirst for the Fountain of Living Waters That we beheld the Memorials of a broken bleeding Saviour with no more Contrition and Brokenness of Heart That we received the Seals of his dying Love with no more raised Affection That we remembered the Agonies of his Soul with no more correspondent Impressions upon our own In a word we may lament for the most part I fear we may after such Ordinances that our Spirits were but in a common frame our Repentance so partial our Love so cold our Faith so weak our Hope so low Desires so faint Charity so narrow Thankfulness and Joy so little in the Participarion of such Glorious Mysteries in conversing with such adorable Objects under the Offers of such rich Grace under the loud Calls to such manifest Duty under the Assurances and Expectations of such great and blessed things as the Word and Sacraments propose and Seal 2. Another Reason and Ground of this Retirement is in order to Petition and Intercession for needful Mercy to our selves and others Have we been convinced of any Duty we had formerly neglected Shall not the Reflection on it excite us to beg Wisdom and Strength to perform that Duty Has any sin been called to remembrance by the preaching of the Word Should we not beg Forgiveness and Grace to leave and forsake it as the best Testimony of our Repentance Have we joyned in Prayer and Supplication with others for the greatest Blessings and are sensible we are undone if God deny us and shall we not beg the same things again in secret Have we renewed our Vows and entered into fresh Obligations to be the Lords and shall wâ— not beg that God would heal our â—â—st â—aâ—k slidings and confirm our holy Resolutions That having sworn we may perform it that we will keep his righteous Judgments You therefore who have this Day been at the Table of the Lord let me beseech you in a special manner to retire when you come home and think of these things that you may wrestle with God in secret for a further blessing O what can he deny you when he hath given you his Son and sealed that Gift in so solemn a manner Go therefore and represent to him all your Necessities and Wants all your Griefs and Groans and Complaints and Fears and secret Desires Pray earnestly for your selves your Families and Relatives for your Ministers and Fellow Christians for all that have communicated this day with you and in other Assemblies and for all that desired to do so that were providentially hindered for all your Brethren for all the Churches of Christ throughout the World especially for those in this Nation for those in others which are oppressed by the Tyranny of the Sons of Violence for all actual Believers for all those for whom Christ died for your Friends and Enemies for the whole World 3. Retire in secret to express your Gratitude and Thanksgivings to God for Mercies received and hoped for Thank him for the Liberty of his Sanctuary for Publick Assemblies of Social Worship for Sabbaths and Sacraments and the Ministry of the Gospel considering how the Case now is with our Brethren and Neighbours in other places Thank him for another Opportunity for the Communion of the Body and Blood of Christ and for so much health as to be able to partake of such a Priviledge in a publick Solemnity But above all as the Foundation of all the rest for that inestimable Blessing of Divine Love the Gift of his Son for the inexpressible Love of Christ in giving himself for us Sinners and Enemies and while we were so Thank him for the Means of Grace and the Hopes of Glory for any good Hope through Grace of present Pardon and Everlasting Communion with God in Heaven for the Offer of Forgiveness by a Covenant of Grace for the Promise of Eternal Life by Christ purchased by his Blood confirmed by the Word and Oath of God who cannot lye witnessed to many ways by the Holy Spirit made sure by the Everlasting Covenant and that sealed by Baptism and by the Sacrament of the Lord's Supper Yea let us thank him for another such solemn Occasion of paying Homage to a Crucified Christ and of holy Fellowship with the Father and the son by the Spirit which this day has been afforded us Praise him for any Aâ—sistance of his Grace in the actual Celebration and for any help in our preparatory Work for reviving any of our Convictions awakening our Repentance strengthening our Faith animating our Hope quickening our zeal exercising and increasing our Love to Christ clearing our Adoption dispelling our Doubts scattering our Fears warming and filling our Desires Let our Souls and all within us bless him for any Beams of his Heavenly Light for any Glympse of his reconciled Countenance for any token of his Love to us any expression and exercise of our own to him Let us thank him for what he hath given us and sealed to us and promised to give us for what we have already received as the first Fruits and the Earnest and the Pledge of a great deal more We may Express our Gratitude and Joy to some such Purpose as this (a) almost in the words of Mr. Baxter which follows O my gracious God thou hast surpast all humane Comprehension in thy Love Is this thy usage of unworthy Prodigals I
feared lest thy wrath as a consuming Fire would have devour'd such a Guilty Soul but while I condemn'd my self thou hast forgiven and justified me and surpriz'd me with the sweet Embracements of thy Love I see now thy thoughts are above our thoughts and thy ways above our ways and thy Love above the Love of man even more then the Heavens are above the Earth with how dear a Price hast thou redeem'd a Wretch that deserves thy Everlasting Vengeance With how precious and sweet a Feast hast thou entertain'd me who deserved to be cast out with the workers of Iniquity shall I evermore slight such Love as this shall it not evercome my Rebelliousness and melt my cold and hardn'd heart Angels are admiring these Miracles of Love and shall not I admire them Their Love to us doth cause 'em to Rejoyce while they stand by and see our Heavenly Feast and should it not be sweeter to us that are the Guests who feed upon it O my God how dearly hast thou Purchased my Love how strangely hast thou deserv'd and Sought it nothing is so much my grief and shame as that I can answer it with no more fervent and fruitful Love Oh what an addition would it be to all this precious Mercy if this Love poured out might draw forth mine and my soul might flame by approaching unto these thy flames and that Love drawn out by the sense of Love might be all my Life O that I could love thee as much as I would Love thee yea as much as thou woulst have me love thee but this is too great an Happiness for Earth Thou hast shew'd me the place where I may attaine it My Love is there in full Possession who hath left me these pledges till he come and fetch us to himself and feast us there in our Masters joy O Blessed Place O Blessed Company that see his Glory and are filled with the streams of those Rivers of Consolation yea happy we whom thou hast called from our dark and miserable state and made us Heirs of that Felicity and Passengers to it and Expectants of it under the Conduct of so sure a Guide O then we shall love thee without these sinfull pauses and defects in another measure and another manner than now we do Till then my God I am devoted to thee by Right and Covenant I am thine My soul bears witness against my self that my defects of love have no Excuse Thou deservest all if I had all the love in Heaven and Earth to give thee What hath this vaine world to do with my Affections what is there in all the sufferings that man can lay upon me that I should not joyfully accept them for his sake that hath redeem'd me from Hell by such matchless voluntary sufferings Lord seeing thou so regardest so vile a Worm my Heart my Tongue my Hand confess that I am wholly Thine O let me live to none but thee thy service and thy Saints on Earth O let me no more return unto Iniquity nor venture on that sin which kill'd my Lord And now thou hast chosen so low a dwelling O be not a stranger to the heart thou hast so freely chosen O make it the daily Residence of thy Spirit Quicken it by thy Grace adorn it with thy Gifts employ it in thy love refresh it with thy joys and the light of thy Countenance and destroy this Carnality selfishness and unbelief and let the world see that God will make a Palace of the lowest Heart when he chuseth it for the place of his own abode To conclude Did we thus retire at the close of every Lords day after the Participation of solemn Ordinances to renew our Repentance to beg needful Mercies to offer the sacrifices of Praise and Thanksgivings for the Blessings we have and hope for the Advantages of such a Course would be so many and so considerable the Consequences would be so comfortable to our own Souls and so beneficial unto others it would be so influential to exercise and increase our Grace to promote our Assurance to secure our Establishment and Perseverance to render us useful in the World for the Honour of Christ and his Gospel and the credit of our holy Profession That it surpasses the possibility of an exact Description and reserves its full Discovery to be the reward of Experience Blessed be God for Jesus Christ The Third Discourse Concerning SPIRITUAL WASHING The Nature Means and Evidences of it Before the Lord's Supper 1 COR. VI. 11. And such were some of you but you are Washed but ye are Sanctified but ye are Justified in the Name of the Lord Jesus and by the Spirit of our God OUR Lords condescention to wash the Feet of his Disciples and the discourse between Him and the Apostle Peter upon that occasion contains many things very observable and Instructive unto all Christians S. Peter is astonish'd at his Master's Proposal to wash his feet he wonders he should ever design or attempt so low a service He cries out as a man amazed 13. John 6. Lord doest thou wash my Feet words that savor of humble respect and Reverence unto Christ and had he proceeded no farther it had been very commendable for these expressions seem to proceed from a true sence of his owne unworthiness considering both himselfe and our blessed Lord and the meanness and inferiority of the action which he offered to do toward him Unto which our Lord Replys What I do thou knowest not now but thou shalt know hereafter i. e. when the Spirit shall be more aboundantly pour'd out as it was upon his Ascention into Heaven But Peter is not satisfied with this but peremptorily refuses to submitt to an order which he did not yet understand the Reason of and therefore replies againe Thou shallt not wash my Feet or far be it from me that thou shouldest wash my feet This gave occasion for that severe Rebuke and Threatning which went to his very heart in those words of Christ If I wash thee not thou hast no part in me no Intrest in me no communion with me It cannot well be thought that the external washing should be the only thing here meant for Judas was partaker of that as well as the Rest and yet our Lord says at the tenth verse ye are clean but not all Upon this we find the Apostle Peter submitts to his Saviour and instead of denying that he should wash his feet he passionately cries out not my Feet only but my hands and head too i. e. Lord wash me all over Hands Head and Feet the three most visible parts of the body for the whole our Lord tells him that was not necessary for he that washeth need not but to wash his feet verse 10. as one that comes out of a Bath may have contracted some Filth in walking out of it and therefore needs only to have his feet washed alluding to the Custom * D. Lightfoot of the Jews as to
word is truth Accordingly we find Sanctification is ascribed unto Faith in Christ as the true Messiah or a sound Belief of the Revelation he hath made Act. 15.9 Purifying the heart by Faith So that we are washed and sanctified through the Name of our Lord Jesus Christ or by Christ known and beleived on as one means of it and by the Efficiency of the Spirit of God as the other whâ—ch I shall afterwards speak of In the Name of the Lord Jesus and by the Spirit of our God In discoursing of these words I shall therefore First Give some brief account of the Nature of this Change here exprest by being Washed Sanctified and Justified Secondly Of the two great Means whereby it is brought about the Name of the Lord Jesus and the Spirit of our God Thirdly Make some Improvement by Application especially to assist you in examining your selves in order to the Lord's Table that we may know whether we are in the number of such upon whom this Change is passed Whether we are Washed Sanctified and Justified in the Name of the Lord Jesus Christ and by the Spirit of our God 1. Concerning the nature of this Change It is evident that the defiling nature of Sin is here supposed there could not otherwise be any need of Washing And we find it represented in Scripture by Spots and Blemishes by Mire and Vomit by the Blood and Pollution of a New-born Child by the most filthy dung and Excrements and whatsoever is reckoned the most vile and abominable Therefore whatsoever Excellencies and Ornaments whatsoever Priviledges and Advantages an Unsanctified Person may partake of to recommend him to the eyes of the World he is yet a Vile Person loathed and abominable in the sight of God 2. Consider that by Nature we are All as an Unclean thing That which is born of the Flesh is Flesh and Who can bring a clean thing out of an unclean John 3.6 Rom. 3.10 Job 14.4 All the Purifications and Washings under the Law did suppose our inward Defilement and represent our need of Cleansing Whatever was injoyned by the Mosaick Institution of this kind which we find was very strictly charged and earnestly prest and indispensably required and the neglect of it most severely punished yet did but signifie and represent this Which proves our Sanctification necessary Tit. 3.5 He saved us by the washing of Regeneration and by the renewing of the Holy Ghost All Men are Defiled and Unclean by Nature and need to be Washed 3. We are all over Unclean from the Crown of the Head to the Sole of the Foot Universally diseased and polluted and so need to be Sanctified in Soul Body and Spirit Ephes 5.26 1 Thes 5.23 Isa 1.6 we read of the filthiness of the Flesh and Spirit from which we are to be cleansed 2 Cor. 7.1 All the Powers of the Soul and all the Members of the Body are tainted Heart and Hand must be Cleansed the inward and outward Man Sanctified Cleanse your hands ye sinners and purifie your hearts ye double minded Jam. 4 8. 4. The Change therefore by Sanctification must be Universal in heart and life By the knowledge of God and affection to him of whom we were Ignorant and to whom before we were Disaffected by the Image of God recovered by participation of the Divine Nature and Life by the Law of God written on the Heart and expressed in the Conversation Holiness and Love to God must be the frame and temper of our Souls so that the Actings of it become easie pleasant and delightful The Old Man must be put off the New put on Old things be done away and all things become new New Principles new Ends new Motives new Rules new Comforts which will make an unspeakable difference between this Change and that Negative Religion and common Honesty which many may pretend to who are strangers to Regeneration There were many Philosophers and Sophists among these Corinthians who boasted of Purity and Reformation which came unexpressibly short of this Sanctification which I am now speaking of as owing to some other cause than the Spirit of Christ unto whom the production continuance and progress of this Sanctification is alone to be ascribed 5. It may farther be considered in its Begining or Progress or Consummation As begun by the Spirit of Life and Power from Christ as maintained and carried on by a continual influence from the same Spirit and the diligent use of God's appointed means Whereby the Lineaments of the Divine Nature are rendred more clear holy impressions more powerful and efficacious Whereby we go from strength to strength and are inabled to perfect holiness in the fear of God pressing on towards perfection to the fulness of the stature of the Man Christ Jesus till it be consummate in Heaven when by seeing Christ as he is we shall be made like him and be presented to the Father without spot or wrinkle or any such thing 6. For the sake of those who intend to come to the Lord's Table let me add That such Washing and Sanctification is requisite to our Communion with Christ in the special Ordinances of the Gospel particularly that of the Lord's Supper This is intimated by our Lord in the 13th of John v. 7 8. in his words to Peter If I wash thee not thou hast no part with me It must have a Spiritual meaning because notwithstanding the external Washing Christ says All of them were not clean And soon after this he instituted his Supper to the due participation whereof it is necessary we be Washed and Sanctified For we cannot otherwise have a Right to the Benefits purchased by his Blood which are Sealed to us in that Ordinance and we can have no Communion with him there till partakers of the Spirit of Christ Unless we are Sanctified by that Spirit we have no interest in him no Right to his Supper and so we can have no Communion with him if we are not cleansed from our Filthiness if we have spots upon us that are not the spots of God's Children unto whom this Feast doth particularly belong And therefore I may say as Peter to Simon Magus Thou hast neither part nor lot in this matter for thy heart is not right with God neither can it be if this Change do not precede The Enquiry therefore is highly seasonable whether we are thus Washed and Sanctified or not But before I give the Characters of such Persons it will be expected I should speak somewhat concerning the double means of this Change In the Name of our Lord Jesus Christ and by the Spirit of our God II. The double Means of this Change by the Name of the Lord Jesus and by the Spirit of our God First We are Purified and Washed By the Name of the Lord Jesus Christ or by Faith in him To this purpose Consider First That all the Arguments laid down in Scripture to press Sanctification and Holiness of Heart and Life have influence
Idols I say he leaves it unto themselves Verse 15. I speak as unto wise men Judge ye what I say That was the Case amongst many of these Corinthians they did not scruple to accompany their Unbelieving Neighbours and Acquaintance to the Banquets that they made in Honour of their false Gods They did not scruple to Eat with them of those things that were taken from their Execrable Altars as a Part and Remnant of those Sacrifices to Idols which were performed in the City of Corinth with all the Pomp of an Abominable Superstition This the Apostle shews to be unsuitable to their Profession of Christianity and that it could not agree with the Honour they had of eating at the Table of the Lord For these Heathens were seduced by Satan to make those Sacrifices and they were Devils whom they Worshipped as supposed Demi-Gods and in such Feasts they had a familiar Communion with them And I would not says the Apostle that you should have fellowship with Devils Verse 19 20 21. You cannot drink of the Cup of the Lord and the Cup of Devils You cannot be partaker of the Lord's Table and the Table of Devils In the Words of the Text he leaves it to them to judge Whether it be not a most horrid Impiety to pretend to joyn these Two together the Divine Body and Blood of Christ with the Impious Sacrifices of these Idolaters For he makes the partaking of the Lord's Table not only a Testimony of our Vnion unto Christ and our Communion one with another as his Members but also a Testimony of our Disunion and Separation from all Idolatrous Worship The Cup of Blessing that we bless is it not the Communion of the Blood of Christ And the Bread that we break c. Where we are to consider 1. The two Sacramental Signs the Cup and the Bread 2. What is to be understood by the Body and Blood of Christ 3. What by Commmnion in them 4. How the Cup and Bread in the Sacrament of the Supper are the Communion of the Body and Blood of Christ And then I shall help you to Apply it 1. Concerning the Sacramental Signs the Cup and the Bread The Cup for the Wine in it by an ordinary Figure and the Bread which we break These are the two outward Elements in this Institution and neither of them must be omitted Whereas in Baptism there is but one outward Element here are two And there is good Reason for it 1. Because this Represents the Violent Death of Christ wherein his Blood was shed and separated from his Body It is therefore necessary there should be one Sign to Represent his Body and another Sign to Represent his Blood there having been a Separation by Death which is here to be Represented 2. The Lord's Supper being the Mystery of our spiritual Nourishment by Christ it was proper to employ both Eating and Drinking which are the two parts of our Corporal Nourishment and that could not have been entirely Represented by either of them alone The Cup of Blessing or Benediction which we bless or give thanks for i. e. Which we set apart by Prayer and Thanksgiving Blessing and giving of Thanks being often put one for another 1 Cor. 14.16 And in the Evangelical History Matth. 26. and Mark 16 What one Evangelist calls Blessing another calls Thanksgiving By vertue of which Blessing or Prayer by a Minister of Christ in his Name and according to his Example and Order That which before was common is set apart to an holy use and becomes the Sign and Seal of the Body and Blood of Christ The Cup of Blessing The Jews were wont at the Passover Feast or rather after it to drink of a Cup which the Master of the Family did bless i. e. Did pray over it or concerning it To distinguish this from that the Apostle says The Cup of Blessing which we bless which we Christians set apart in our Assemblies to shew forth the Lord's Death by And from this Passage of the Apostle this Ordinance is called by the Ancients the Eucharist upon the account of the Blessing or giving of Thanks Justin Martyr who lived but Fifty Years after the Death of the Apostle John calls it the Bread of the Eucharist in memory of the Passion of Christ Nay the Greek word for Blessing in this Text 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 as well as the other 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 giving of Thanks is sometimes used by the * See Mr. Daille in loc Ancients as the Name of this Institution Among others Cyril Bishop of Alexandria does often call it by the Name of 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 The Cup of Blessing which we bless and the Bread which we break At the Feast of the Passover the Jews made use of such Bread as was flat and round and so was to be broken and cut asunder And the unleavened Bread among the Jews to this very day is of this kind Now our Lord Instituting his Supper the same Evening after the Celebration of the Passover we may suppose made use of the same sort of Bread That is As he changed the Signification of this Bread from that of their unleavened Bread to be a sign of his Body so he imployed the breaking of this Bread to signifie his cruel Sufferings in that body upon the Cross This Cup and this Bread even after Consecration For the Bread is not broken till after that is said to be the Communion of the Body and Blood of Christ not his real Flesh and Blood For besides the Vanity of such a Sense and the Indecency and Uncomeliness of it yea the Contradiction and Impossibility of it It is against the express Testimony of the Apostle here and in other Places According to the new Doctrine of Rome Instead of saying here The Cup that we bless He would have said The Cup that we Transubstantiate and change into the proper Substance of the Body and Blood of Christ The Cup in which we leave not one drop of Wine But by pronouncing four or five little words fill it with the Body of Christ And is not this a strange way of blessing a Person or Thing to destroy the very Nature of the Thing that it shall be no longer what it was before The Bread was not blessed that it might be destroyed nor given to be eatâ—â—â— that it might cease to be before it was eaten 'T is to suppose God to put forth Miraculous Power to make his own Command of eating the Bread impossible The Bread that we break it is therefore Bread after it is broken after the Consecration and breaking it is Bread still For the Transubstantiation if there be any is upon the Consecration before it be broken But I hope most English Protestants are pretty well Instructed in this Truth and therefore I need not insist longer upon it 2. What are we to understand by the Body and Blood of Christ of which this is said to be the Communion
is a fit Season for extraordinary Thanksgiving and Praise blessing God for Jesus Christ Which Thankfulness for Christ disposes and fits us for the Reception of further Grace as the Fruit and Purchase of his Death and so is the Means of our Communion in his Body and Blood Thus it is the Cup of Blessing and of Thanksgiving that we there Receive which Cup of Blessing upon such Accounts as these is our Communion in the Blood of Christ. 2. You will hereby the better perceive what is to be done on our part in order to this Communion 1. Our Faith must Eye the Authority of Christ enacting it We must act in Obedience to an Institution and Appointment of Christ It was a Remarkable Instance and Act of his Kingly Office to enjoyn this Memorial of his dying Love And the Season of its Institution is the more observable viz. In the close of his Publick Ministery of his Prophetical Office upon Earth and in his Entrance upon the Execution of the Principal part of his Priestly Office by being made a Sacrifice between both of these And to render both Effectual our Lord interposed an Act of his Kingly Office in the Institution of this Ordinance Accordingly it should be eyed and owned by us in order to our Communion with him therein 2. The Love of Christ must especially be Eyed and Attended to in this Supper as Exprest by his Death and Sufferings Of this we have here the most lively Representation with the Glorious Effects of that Love which are not Represented with such a Beauty and Lustre by any other Ordinance as by this The constraining Love of Christ in his whole undertaking is better discerned and tasted in this Ordinance than as it is proposed 〈◊〉 several parts in the Holy Scripture Here we are called to the particular Application of it He loved me and gave himself for me Gal. 2.20 Rev. 1.5 3. The Soveraignty and the Wisdom of God in Instituting these External Signs and Elements of Bread and Wine must also be Eyed and Attended to They most fitly Signifie and Represent the great Things they are designed for and yet without a Divine Institution could have no Relation to the Thing signified How suitable is the plain matter of this Sacrament unto the holy Author of it We remember in this Supper his Body hanging on the Cross and therefore it was not fit the Sacrament of his Body should be sumptuous and rich upon the Table Nevertheless by Bread to strengthen and Wine to comfort all the Benefits of a crucified Saviour are fitly Represented and much better than they could have been by the choicest Delicates In order to this Communion of the Body and Blood of Christ we must take heed to our selves not to rest in the External Signs but to discern the Lord's Body to apprehend the Spiritual Import and End of this Divine Institution That by Faith we may Receive Christ and feed upon him so as to Experience the Communications of his Grace and Receive fresh Influences of his Spirit That we may Accept all the Benefits of the New Covenant which are here Offered and Sealed to us and that we may Devote Resign and Dedicate our selves afresh to be the Lord's to Obey him and serve the Purposes of his Glory while we live in hope of the blessed Recompence which he has Purchased and promised and is gone to prepare and which he will not fail to come again and bestow Until which time this Ordinance is to continue in the Church To shew forth the Lord's Death till he come Vse 1. The first Reflection I would make on this is upon the Sacrilegious Confidence of those Men who deny Christians the Means of their Communion in the Blood of Christ who rob them of one half of this Sacrament by denying the Cup of Blessing to the Laity The Cup is the Communion of the blood of Christ says the Apostle Drink ye all of it says our Lord. And yet the Church of Rome will not suffer the People to taste it But as one Errour makes way for another they pretend that by the New Doctrine of Concomitancy the Bread or the little Wafer which is not broken neither according to the order of Christ but put whole into the Peoples Mouths by the hands of the Priest This Wafer shall be enough for the People and by the help of a strong Imagination of the Authority of their Church the very Body Blood and Bones of Christ shall be contained under the Form and Appearance of Bread One would wonder how any Thing can be plainer both in this and the next Chapter and in the Institution it self as Recorded by the Evangelists than the Universal Obligation upon Christians to partake of the Cup as well as the Bread And what Authority can any Man or Number of Men have to alter such a Constitution May they not as well take away the Bread from the People as the Cup They will grant that for a Thousand Years after Christ it was the Sense and Practice of the Christian Church that the People should partake of the Cup too And for Fourteen hundred Years it can be proved that they did even from the Apostle's Time down to that of Thomas Aquinas in the latter end of the Thirteenth Century Justin Martyr Cyprian Nazianzen Chrysostom and all the most considerable Writers of the Ancient Church are express in their Testimony for it But what need we concern our selves about the Judgment of Antiquity When there is a Positive Institution of Christ and in a large Account thereof by the Apostle Paul in the Eleventh Chapter he speaks but one word of the Consecration of the Bread but uses divers Expressions to signifie the Excellency of the Cup. This is my Blood says Chrâ—st The Blood of the New Testament shed for the Remission of Sins of many His sufferings and the reality of his Death are in a most lively manner set forth by the shedding of his Blood Not to insist upon his bloody sweat in the Garden You know when he was whipt and scourged and crowned with Thornes he then shed Blood Blood issued from his hands and Feet when he was nailed to the Cross and from his side when he was pierced by the Roman Soldiers By the shedding of his Blood he lost his Life and without shedding of Blood there could be no Remission So that to deprive the People of the Cup is to take away the most lively and the most essential Representation of the Sufferings and Death of Christ The Doctrine of Concomitancy will not availe in this Case The partaking of the Bread only is not sufficient whereby to remember his Death For the Separation of his Blood from his Body was the means of his Dying This destroys the Distinction between the two Symbols which yet are very different in their Names in their Properties in their Vse and in the Time of receiving them Besides it is contrary to all the Rules of Language
those who have formerly been at the Lord's Table but very often do tarry away though they have time and opportunity as being afraid to come by reason of their own Unworthiness 4. Consider further What are those sins that you charge your selves with as the ground of your Vnfitness They are either of Weakness or of Wilfulness Either such as can hardly be avoided by the Care and Watchfulness of Good Men as sins of daily infirmity These do not make you unfit for the Lord's Table For if they did who at all would ever be fit If a perfect sinless Fitness were necessary none could come aright And by such a thought we make Christ an hard Master But if they be sins of Wilfulness you are Self-condemned if you do not Reform And yet how many are there concerning whom we may charitably judge that they do not allow themselves in wilful sins that do yet tarry away from this Table 5. Let me ask you further Have you ever tryed to fit and prepare your selves as worthy Receivers of the Lord's Supper Have you endeavoured in the use of all God's appointed Means to obtain that Knowledge Repentance Faith and Love which should fit you for this Ordinance If you have never used the Means that God hath appointed if you have never seriously and in good earnest set about the Work of Preparation How can you say that you never shall or can be fitted for this Priviledge What Minister of Christ have you ever consulted about it It may be you mistake the very Notion of the Lord's Supper and understand not the True Nature and Design of it Have you set apart time to search your Hearts and examine your Coâ—sciences and Repent of all Sin and give up your selves to God in Christ and beg the help of Ministers and Friends to that purpose 6. Therefore let me ask you again Is not your Unfitness from sloath and Idleness or the distracting hurry of Worldly Affairs that you cannot be brought to spare so much time as is necessary for this Work How will you Answer this at the Great Day Will you then have the Courage to tell the Lord Redeemer to his Face what this Pretence amounts to Will you tell him in that Awful Solemnity Lord I would not have omitted the Ordinance of the Supper but have remembred Thee and thy dying Love by breaking of bread But I was unfit for it altogether unfit because my Mind was distracted with the cares of the World I had so much of other matters all the Week from Moneth to Moneth to take up my Thoughts and Time that I had no leisure for serious Preparation What self-condemning Excuses will these prove at last Lastly Is there not yet something worse at the bottom viz. That you are unwilling of that strictness and seriousness that you think such are obliged to as come to the Lord's Table Unwilling of that circumspect walking which such of all others should be exemplary in Are you not afraid that if you come you must abridge your selves of some Liberties that you now take That you must be more constant in secret Prayer That you must set up daily Family Prayer in your houses That you must spend more Time in Reading be more careful of your Company and be more faithful and exact in your Dealings and do many things that now you neglect How dreadful is the Import of such an Excuse for not Coming of such a Ground for staying away For it seems to lye in this That Men are resolved they will live at large and not be bound up by the Rules of the Gospel That is They never mean to take upon them the Yoke of Christ or to live as his Disciples If they would speak it out it must signifie thus much Thou shalt not be my Lord and Redeemer I will not deny Vngodliness and Worldly Lusts and live Soberly and Righteously and Godly in this World Notwithstanding my baptism whereby I have sworn Fidelity to Christ he shall not reign over me This is practically and in effect their Sense For this Command and Order to do this in Remembrance of Christ is as much a Law of Christ as any in the Bible And yet many refuse to obey this Command lest they should be obliged more strictly to obey all the other How little do such Professors consider how unbecoming it is to call themselves Christians or that they are Antecedently by their Baptism and Christian Profession bound to obey Christ in all these Instances And at the Lord's Table we do but renew the Obligation upon our selves to do so We are bound to obey Christ as our Ruler and to yield Obedience to all the Laws of Christ whether we come to this Table or no Though we are also bound to come and to profess and promise Obedience there There are other Objections I may consider hereafter and therefore shall now close with a few words of Counsel 1. Let those of us who have eaten of this Bread and drunk of this Cup and so have professedly had Communion in the Body and Blood of Christ Let us Examine whether we have really and truly had any Fellowship with him in this Ordinance or no Whether we have only partaked of the outward Signs and been present at such a Feast of Love without any Spiritual Nourishment to our Souls Without attending to this the Design of the Institution is overlooked and all the Genuine Advantages of it will be lost Without this we have but played the Hypocrites and Acted a Part and shall pay dear for our Solemn Trifling as having slighted the Redeemer's Love and made our selves Guilty of his body and blood If we have not laboured to see the Evil of Sin and to have our hatred of it encreased If we have not found our Hearts set more against it and our Resolutions confirmed to forsake it If we have not felt the Attractive Influence of the Love of Christ to bring us to Adore him and Magnifie his Condescention and Love If we have not had Admiring Thoughts of the blessed God of the Purity of his Naâ—ure the Justice of his Government and all his Excellent Perfections which are so highly honoured in our Redemption by the bloody Sacrifice of Christ If we have not been cordial and unfeigned in the Dedication of our selves to him and all we have and are to be at his Dispose and Order for the rest of our Time If we have not had our Thoughts raised up to Heaven to a risen glorified Redeemer on his Throne as triumphing over all the Adversaries of our Salvation as able to save to the uttermost All that come to God by him as faithful to compleat what he hath begun and to preserve what is committed to him and to give us the full purchase of his Meritorious Death in the Heavenly Kingdom And if we have not been melted under the sense of pardoning Mercy to our selves and brought to a better Temper of Mind as to the
yet there is not sufficient Evidence against such to bar them from the Lord's Table much less to exclude them after once they are Admitted to such a Priviledge A seemingly serious Profession if not contradicted by a contrary Profession of Words or Actions is the Evidence of Men's Interest in Church-Priviledges * See Mr. Baxter's third Disput Of Right to Sacraments 410. in Foro Ecclesiae Charity believeth all things and hopeth all things 2. You ought first in Charity to reprove the guilty Persons as you have opportunity and to acqâ—aint the Pastors of the Churches that they may deal faithfully with them in order to their Repentance and Several by such means may be brought to give you Satisfaction concerning their true Repentance and Amendment But there are many who are so far from this that on the contrary they solicit and tempt men to Sin if they know they come to the Lords Table that they may find occasion to reproach Reâ—igion and others applaud and consent with such as do this that they may shame Religion by the Irregularities and Excesses of some that profess it Such have a dreadful Account to give to God And so have they who come to the Lords Table and yet by their Drunkenness or Unfaithfulness their Worldlyness or Unrighteousness or any disorderly walking do give occasion to such an Objection and open the mouths of Enemies to reflect Dishonour and Reproach upon the Profession of Religion in General and upon that particular Church or Congregatiâ—n unto which they are joined Such have a double Guilt to answer for and woe be to them if they do not Repent Such as these we often warn not to come to the Lord's Table till they give some good Testimony of their Repentance and so far as they are known they ought to be refus'd 3. If you know of a purer Communion where there are none but Saints at least such as you are strongly confident to be so rather go and joyn with them and communicate there but do not live in the neglect and omission of this Duty For I am not pleading for any particular Church or Society of Christians but only speaking of the Duty in general of all sincere Christians to joyn somewhere for the Participation of this Ordinance If you are scrupulous as to the Company admitted in some Christian Assemblies and know of Others which you think are purer where you believe you can statedly communicate more to your Edification do it without Delay You are allowed by God and at present by the Laws of the Land too to chuse your own Pastor 4. However you ought to consider That it is impossible but some Hypocrites and false Professors will be Admitted to the Lord's Table Not only as Pride and Covetousness and Envy and some such Sins are hard to be defined so as to convince a particular Person that in a prevailing Degree he is guilty of these Not only as it is hard to determine what particular Acts now and then of grosser Sins are consistent with true Grace But because the Tares and Wheat are mixt together in the visible Church and All are not Israel that are of Israel If we will Communicate with none but Saints there is no Church on Earth we can joyn with without Fear and Doubting So that if the Errours and Faults of the Pastors or of the People with whom we joyn in the Worship of God do defile us and make us guilty or if our Communion with them upon that account be a Sin we should joyn no where at all 'T is true If the Doctrine Ordinances and Worship of any Church be so corrupted as that the Substance of the Worship is unlawful Separation is a Duty For when any Thing sinful is required of us as necessary to our Communion in such Cases Separation is a Christians Duty * See Mr. Vines On the Lord's Supper Chap. 20. But to keep from the Ordinance because some come unworthily to it hath no Order or Command of Christ to warrant it Though he had many Things against the Seven Asian Churches Rev. 2.3 yet he did not call them to separate but there are Promises to them if they keep themselves pure 5. If it be unavoidable to Communicate with some such as are not sincere Christians then to do so is not unlawful Every one is to Examine himself so says the Apostle to these Corinthians among whom there were so many unworthy Communicants and if they Eat and drink unworthily they did Eat and drink Judgment to Themselves Though the Apostle speaks of the Prophanation of that Ordinance by Some he does not bid Others Withdraw and Separate upon that Account Christ hath commanded thee to Examine thy self and so eat but it is not necessary thou shouldst Examine and know the fitness of all Others How would you know when to Communicate if we may not do it till Others be prepared as well as we Great Strictness and Severity should be used in Judging of our selves and our own Case but we must use Great charity and tenderness as to the case of Others and not conclude them Hypocrites when we cannot tell but they truly Repent But if they do not their Presence cannot pollute me if I endeavour to discharge my Duty by personal private Reproof and then if that be unsuccessful with Others and afterwards by acquainting the Pastors of the Church c. If I have Right to come to the Lord's Table shall the coming of Another that has none bar my Right Shall I sin in keeping from the Ordinance because another sins in coming to it Or because the Church or the Pastor sins in not Excluâ—ing of him The power of the Keys is not in my hand I have no Authority to cast out such a Member And though that particular Pastor or Church should be faulty in not doing of it it is not yet a sufficient ground oâ— my Separation Rev. 2.14.15.20 It I have a Wedding Garment I will come to the Marriage Feast though there should be Others there that have none Should not I offer my Gift at the Altar because my Neighbour comes there with me who should first go and be reconciled to his brother I may relish and digest my Food though there is one who sits by me who hath a weak Stomach and a bad Digestion If I am duly prepared it will not hurt me that Another is not Whilst I partake not of other Mens Sins surely I may joyn with them in the Performance of necessary Duties I say not That the Wicked and the Vnregenerate ought to come you often hear me declare the contrary such are forbidden to come But if they will come under a false profession and shew of Religion after having been forewarned of their Danger and been faithfully told their Duty It is at their own Peril and they eat and drink Judgment to themselves and to no body else For neither a Minister of Christ nor a private Christian can deny
the Ceremonial Law as an Example of Obedience And therefore the Skin of his Flesh was Circumcised and his Holy Mother Purified And he that was the true Passover would keep the Typical one And so as one well expresses it did obediently stand under his own Shadow 3. One Reason of his Desire to eat of this Passover might be to put an end to the Sacraments of the Legal Institution And therefore after the eating of the Passover he instituted the Lords Supper which succeeds in its room Which is a Feast upon the Sacrifice of Christ the True Lamb of God the true Christian Passover in Remembrance of our Deliverance by Him from Sin and Hell from Death and the Devil Those things therefore that were but Types and Shadows of Him must cease after his Death the Truth and Substance of them being now Accomplished as I shall shew presently 4. Another Reason might be That he might have Fellowship and Communion with his Disciples And that leads to the consideration of the Third thing III. The Company with whom he desires to eat this his last Passover With You. The Jews tell us concerning the Number of those that were to eat the Passover That it was not to be under Ten for the whole Lamb was to be eaten Nor above Twenty lest they should need two Lambs Therefore our Lord sent word to one of his Disciples to prepare every thing for that Solemnity that the House might be searched if there were any Leavened Bread left in it Which they were wont to do very carefully in every corner saying Blessed art thou O Lord who hast Sanctified us by thy Precepts And then throwing a little Dust into the Air they used these words or the like If there be any leavened Bread in this House let it be as this dust cast into the Air. But the principal Reason of sending word before-hand might be because the Persons in the Family were to be numbred And it is not improbable but there were more Men than the Apostles and our Lord who were present at the eating of this Passover and it may be some Women too For 1. It is probable That the Man and his Family in whose House it was did eat of the Passover with Christ and his Apostles Secondly The Expressions of the Evangelist are very considerable concerning him that should betray him There is a Threefold Gradation He says first in the General One of you shall betray me And afterwards he comes nearer and says One of the Twelve Or of my Apostles often so called So that at the eating of this Passover there seemed to have been more present than the Twelve Apostles And afterwards he particularizeth the Person He that dippeth his hand with me in the dish Thirdly We read that the Virgin Mary and two or three other Women did usually accompany him and were then at Jerusalem to eat the Passover For the next day the Virgin Mary was standing by the Cross when our Lord was Crucified And it being the Jewish Custom for the Relations to join together at the Passover Supper it is not unlikely that she did eat the Passover with Christ And it being in the House of one of his Disciples she might tarry there that night while he went out from thence about Eleven or Twelve a Clock at Night into the Garden where he was betrayed and taken And she hearing of his being taken might go to the High Priests Hall and be at the Cross the next Morning at Nine a Clock With desire I have desired to eat this Passover with you before I suffer VVith You You my Disciples and Friends with whom I shall never eat another Passover Notwithstanding the Prospect of his Approaching Sufferings and Death He did not decline but earnestly desire Communion and Fellowship with them in such an Ordinance When he gave 'em the Cup 't is observable he bids 'em divide it among themselves The Scripture saith not that he gave the Elements into every one of their particular hands much less into their mouths without their touching the Bread or Cup with their own hands except we will admit that Christ chang'd the posture he was in and alway used at Meals and the Scripture saith not he did how could he reach it to so many as Eleven Persons in the same Posture IV. Let us consider the Time when Before I Suffer There is a great Controversie about the Time of this Passover It was certainly upon Thursday-night He being Crucified on the Fryday in the Forenoon though he did not give up the Ghost till Three in the Afternoon But the Question will be whether it was at the same Time that the Jews kept their Passover or a Day sooner And if it was a Day sooner How could the Paschal Lamb be killed which was to be brought to the Temple and be killed by the Priests between the two Evenings of the Fourteenth day the first whereof began when the Sun began to decline or as soon as Mid-day was past The other Evening was after Sun-set Some Learned Men think it is plain That the Time when our Lord did eat this Passover with his Disciples was the day before the Generality of the Jews kept theirs from Joh. 18.28 Chap. 19.14 For the better understanding of this you must know that the Time for the Observation of the Jewish Festivals was Regulated by the Appearance of the New Moon They had not Almanacks * Dr. Wallis of the Christian Sabbath in Answer to Mr. Bampfield Page 13. in those days as we have now to tell us before-hand when will be a New-Moon But if we may believe the Jewish Writers about the time when they expected a New Moon they sent Men to watch for it on the Top of some Hill or High place and he who could first discover a New-Moon was to tell the Priest and he to Blow the Trumpet to give the people notice that there was a New-Moon But in case of Cloudy weather if in Three days time from their first expectation no Man could see a New-Moon they did then venture but not before to blow the Trumpet without seeing it which must needs cause a very great Vncertainty and the same Moon be sooner seen at one place then at another and the Passover kept accordingly So that sometimes there was a Mistake of One day or more Now it hath been * Dr. Cudworth's Notion of the Lord's Supper Page 50 70 c proved out of Epiphanius and others that there was a Contention and Tumult amongst the Jews at this very Passover concerning the Time or the Day wherein it was to be observed and that the Senate had appointed a Day too late and had not determined according to the True Phasis or Appearance of the Moon 'T is manifest our Saviour kept the Passover on one Day and the Generality of the Jews on another perhaps he about a Fortnight before might see a New-Moon a Day sooner than they did And therefore we may
to be Saved by Faith in a Mediator as well as we The Gospel was preached unto them as well as unto us 2. Did Christ desire Fellowship with his Disciples Friends and Followers in the Passover What shall we think of those that despise such Institutions and look upon themselves as above such Ordinances as if they had a nearer and better way of Communion with God and Christ then this Remissness and Indifference as to these things Neglect and Carelesness in Preparation for them is likewise a degree of Contempt that deserves to be Reproved 3. Was Christ so desirous to eat his last Passover before he suffered for us because of his Willingness to Suffer What Ingratitude does this imply in our Backwardness and Cowardize when we are called to suffer for him 4. Did our Lord desire to eat this Passover because it was the last and consequently was Willing to be a Sacrifice for us What an Argument of his endearing Love does this afford us And how should it Enflame ours to him It was not from Ignorance of what he was to Suffer he fully knew what he had undertaken he perfectly understood what his Baptism of Blood did signifie and yet he earnestly desired it and was straitned till it was Accomplished He knew the Burden of Sin that he was to Expiate as a Sin-Offering when he bore our Sins in his own Body on the Tree as a Sacrifice to Divine Justice for us He knew the bitterness of that Cup which he was to drink of before-hand and yet for our sakes he desires it What Thankfulness do we owe for such inestimable Love He was willing to submit to such difficult Terms to bring about our Reconciliation to God He was willing to be obedient to Death even the Death of the Cross to turn away the Divine Displeasure from us and to restore us to the Divine Favour and Image again He was willing to be a Sacrifice for sin that we might be made the Righteousness of God through Faith in him He was willing to bear the Curse that the Blessing of Abraham might come upon us He was willing to be our Paschal Lamb to be slain and sacrificed for us that by the sprinkling of his Blood we might be delivered from Sin and Hell that by feeding on him as our Passover we might be Partakers of Spiritual and Eternal Life And even in the midst of his Agony in the Garden notwithstanding the strugling of his Humane Nature against the bitterness of the Cup which made him pray for the passing of it away yet as Mediator he was willing and therefore adds Not my Will but thine be done Father glorifie thy self O matchless and incomprehensible Love How should our Souls be Ravished with the Contemplation of it How hard and insensible are our Hearts if they feel no constraining Vertue in the Consideration of such Love If we do not Sacrifice our Lusts in Requital of his being a willing Sacrifice for us Shall not the Love of Christ which bubbles up in every Drop of his Blood and made him willing and resolved to shed it on our Account make us hate that Sin which he died to Atone for and to destroy Can we consider him Groaning Sweating Bleeding Dying for Sin and yet Retain an Affection to it And rush into it through the Wounds and Blood and Agony and Death of our Redeemer Shall that ever be sweet to us which put so much Vinegar and Gall into his Cup Let me add a few Words for Counsel and Direction 1. Did Christ earnestly desire to eat this Passover and have Communion with his Disciples therein How earnestly should we desire to have Communion with him in that Ordinance that succeeded to it which was Instituted by Christ himself the same Evening in the close of the Paschal Supper Is not a Spiritual Communion with him now he is in Glory as desirable as his Bodily Prâ—sence was when in a state of Humiliation Is it not the Spirit and Temper of all the Disciples of Christ in every Age of the Church to value and to desire such near Approaches to him How did the believing Jews prepare themselves for such a Solemnity as the Passover How did David's Heart pant and faint and long for Communion with God in the Services of the Temple Psalm 27.4 One thing have I desired of the Lord that will I seek after that I may dwell in the House of the Lord all the days of my life to behold the Beauty of the Lord and to enquire in his Temple The Israelites were to eat the Passover in haste with greediness of desire Non lento Corde non languido Ore And is it not a Shame to us to have no Appetite for such a Feast Is â—t not for want of such Desires of Communion with Christ that we meet with so little Satisfaction when we come Let him that is a thirst come and such shall be filled when others shall be sent empty away but the hungry Souls shall not be sent empty away from the Lord's Table We may likewise heighten our Desires and Appetites when we come to this Table by considering For ought we know this may be the last Communion with Christ in such an Ordinance that we shall ever enjoy before it be fully accomplished in Heaven 2. Let us imitate Christ as our Passover Both in his Readiness to Suffer and in his Character and Qualification as the Spotless Lamb of God in Meekness and Patience and Submission c. Without this we can never prove our Interest in him 3. Let us thankfully Contemplate this Lamb of God as desiring to be Sacrificed for us Let us seriously and often consider the Voluntariness of his Death and Sacrifice the Fruits of his Suffering the Merit of his Cross How Acceptable his Sacrifice was to God how beneficial unto us What a Deliverance we have by it what a Bondage we are saved from what a Glorious Liberty he has purchased what a compleat Salvation we expect when all shall be fulfilled in Heaven These are proper Thoughts for those of us this Evening who have Feasted this Day on the Sacrifice of Christ Every one of us in particular not only in publick but in secret should bless God for Jesus Christ Admiring the Matchless Grace and Love of the Redeemer in being thus a Willing Sacrifice for us and calling us to Feast upon it having Instituted this Ordinance on purpose for that very end Lastly Live in the Daily Exercise of Faith on the Blood of Christ as the Lamb of God Sacrificed for us It was the sprinkling of the Blood of the Paschal Lamb that was the Mark of the Israelites Deliverance So the shedding of the Blood of Christ with particular Application by Faith is aâ— necessary for us Without it we cannot escape the Stroke of the destroying Angel Without it the Blood of Christ will call for Vengeance and his very Sacrifice and Sufferings plead against us We should every Day by fresh
Acts of Faith Apply this Blood for our Encouragement and Consolation as the Purchase of our Peace with God and as that whereby we have Peace with Conscience All the Blessings we receive are owing to this Blood All the Services we perform must be Accepted through the sprinkling of this Blood and our Faith in it Let us therefore continually apply and plead it The Vertue of it is still the same as when it was at first shed We need not doubt but it is as Acceptable to God now and of as sweet smelling a Savour to him as ever Therefore the Life that we live in the Flesh should be by the Faith of the Son of God having daily Recourse unto his Blood for Pardon and cleansing and strengthning Vertue The Lord teach us this Great Mystery of Godliness THE END The Seventh Discourse BEFORE THE Lord's Supper From CANT II.iv. He brought me into the Banquetting-house and his Banner over me was Love I Shall not need to spend Time to prove this Book to be Canonical and of Divine Auuthority It was never questioned to belong to the Jewish Canon though some other of the Writings of Solomon have been doubted of The whole is an Allegorical Description of the mysterious Vnion between Christ and his Church as Represented under the Persons of a Bridegroom and Bride Which Metaphor is pursued in several other Places of Scripture and alluded to by Christ and his Apostles in the New Testament The 45th Psalm is in some sort an Epitome and Abridgment of this Song of Solomon And that by all Interpreters even the Jews themselves is acknowledged to speak of the Messiah In this Chapter Christ and the Church seem to strive who shall outvie each other in their Encomiums and Commendations In the Two first Verses Christ speaks In the following you have the Voice of the Church or the Language of sincere Christians They Praise and Magnifie and Extol the Lord Christ in the Fourth Verse for his Bounty and Magnificence in making such Rich Provisions to Feast and Entertain them She had said before in the Third Verse That She sate under his Shadow with great Delight and his Fruit was sweet unto her Taste And thereupon adds this Commendation of his Rich Provisions He brought me into the Banquetting-house c. Where 1. She describes the Place or the Means of such a Spiritual Feast The Banquetting-house 2. The Welcom she met with there His Banner over me was Love Under the first Expression is Represented the Excellent Provision which our Lord makes to Entertain the Souls of Believers He led me to the House of Wine the Place where the Master of the House was wont to entertain his Friends Where the Wine is drank or the Entertainment made for so the Word signifies Some understand it of the Places where Christians Assemble and meet together to Worship Christ and Receive the Communication of his Grace the Places where the Ordinances of the Gospel are Dispensed But there is more than the Places of such Communication here meant viz. All the special Means and Instruments of Blessing unto the Souls of Believers It may comprehend the Holy Scriptures the Ministers of the Word the Sacraments the publick Assemblies for Worship and all the Institutions of Christ But amongst them all none more fitly or exactly answering to the Allegory than the holy Supper of the World the great Feast on the Sacrifice of Christ where we hope to be Entertained to Morrow 2. The Welcom she met with His Banner over me was Love His Standard towards me by the lifting up whereof I was invited and drawn to come over to his side to yield to him to give up my self to him The Love of a Crucified Saviour is displayed like a Banner to invite and draw Souls to Christ Therefore it is promised Isa 49.22 I will lift up my Hand to the Gentiles and set up my Standard to the people Christ the Captain of our Salvation lifted up upon a Cross Displays a Banner of Love to all the World to invite them to come to him And the Motto of his Banner is nothing but this Dying Love Victorious Or The Crucified Jesus Loving us to the Death And by his Love conquering our Hearts and constraining us to be his to love him and live to him and even dye for him 1. We may observe That our Lord has his Banquet and Feast whereunto he leads and where he Entertains the Souls of his Followers 2. That the Display of Christ's free and glorious Love is of all things the most proper to Invite and Attract the Souls of Men. 1. That Christ hath his Banquet and Feast unto which he leads and where he entertains the Souls of his Followers Under this Metaphor of a Feast or Banquet all the Spiritual Blessings of the Gospel-State are often Represented Thus when we Read of the Invitation to come to the Marriage Feast of the Kings Son Mat. 22. All the Graces and Comforts of the Spirit are meant forgiveness of Sin the Promise the hope of Eternal Life These are the Provisions of this Feast which in the Word and Sacraments we partake of In this Mountain shall the Lord of Hosts make unto all people a Feast of fat things of Wine on the Lees well refined Isa 25.6 It is a Promise concerning the Days of the Gospel In this Mountain In Mount Sion In the Church God will make a Feast for all people for the Gentiles as well as the Jews 1. It 's Literally true of Mount Sion at Jerusalem in which sense it must be understood in the next Verse This was the first Place this Mount Sion whence the Christian Law was to be given out and the Word of the Lord from Jerusalem There the Holy Spirit fell upon the Apostles at Pentecost And there the Apostles began their Preaching after the Descent of the Holy Ghost with Wonderful Success So Psalm 36.8 They shall be abundantly satisfied with the Fatness of thy House Thou shalt make them drink of the Rivers of thy Pleasures The like in Prov. 9.2 Where Wisdom is said to have killed her Beasts and mingled her Wine and furnished her Table The Revelation of the Gospel c. All kind of Gifts and Graces and Comforts distributed by the Ordinances of the Gospel are to be understood Especially that part of our Spiritual Provision which is said to be Meat indeed and Drink indeed I mean the Crucified Body of our Lord Jesus Christ and his Blood shed for the Remission of Sins That Institution therefore hath the very Name of the Table of the Lord 1 Cor. 10.21 We cannot be Partakers of the Lord's Table and the Table of Devils It is called a Feast on the Sacrifice of Christ 1 Cor. 5.7 8. Of which I shall have occaison to speak afterward There being all Things there that are necessary to a Feast And a Feast for all People for the Gentiles whom the Jews despi sed and counted as Doggs and
hath done and Suffered purchased and Promised we should come to this Feast with a Gladsome Merry Hâ—art All the Musick and Melody that the Feasts of Sensual Men are attended with wouâ—d be nothing to it Therefore take heed of mistaking the Nature of this Ordinance so as to come like Mourners to Morrow to a Funeral It is to no such Solemnity but to a Feast that you are invited to a Royal Feast And therefore your Hearts and Lips should be full of the high Praises of God and Thankful Admiration of Christ and his Redeeming Love and Grace I will bring them to my Holy Mountain and make them Joyful in my House of Prayer 5. At a Feast there is Good Company Now there is no such Company in all the World as is to be found at Christ's Table While the King sitteth at this Table Cant. 1.12 Christ himself is there present and the Father also For in this Ordinance especially we have Fellowship with the Father and the Son through the Spirit A Communion with them supposes the Presence of Father and Son The Cup of Blessing which we bless is the Communion of Christ's Blood and the Bread we break the Communion of his Body 1 Cor. 10.16 We are invited Guests by Christ and treated as his Friends We are entertained with Kindness and Familiarity which is an Honour we ought to value in his own House we are treated and have the same Fare with the best of his Friends who are Invited with us We sit down with him at his own Table in the best Company that we can desire Haman expresses it as an Honour that the Queen let none come to the Banquet but himself And to morrow says he I am invited also with the King Esth 5.12 If the Father and the Son and the Children of God that are his special Favourites and Heirs of the Heavenly Inheritance if these are Good Company you may have it at the Table 6. At a Feast there is Welcome Exprest and giveâ— by the Master of the Feast Such an expression we have of it Psal 23.5 Thou preparest my Table for me and Anointest my Head with Oile or with Aromatical Ointments formerly used at great Feasts as a token of Respect and Kindness Thou biddest me to a Feast and biddest me welcome Alluding to the Custom of the Eastern People and of the Jews particularly who exprest the h arty wâ—lcome they gave their Guests by pouring some pretious Ointment on their Heads Psal 92.10 Luk. 7.39 A very usual * See Bp. Patrick's Christian Sacrifice p. 100. Festival Solemnity Therefore when you come to morrow to this Feast you must think and believe that Christ speaks to you when you behold the Symbols of his Body and Blood For you are not to consider the broken Bread and the VVine poured out as dumb signs no they speak very distinctly to all the Communicants but come with a chearful Wedding Garment hearing the Voice of your Redeemer as if Christ should say to you That you were welcome to his Table and that he is pleased that you accept his Invitation Come My Brethren as if he should say for so he calls us when he Ascended to his Father John 20.17 Go and tell my Brethren that I Ascend to my Father and their Father to my God and their God Come my Brethren doth he say I sent and commissioned my Ministers to call you to my House solemnly and earnestly to Invite you to my Table You did well that you are come I take it kindly that you did not reject my Invitation I am glad you are come to Remember my Love and to shew your selves my Friends I have no other Design in sending for you but to make you more sensible of my Love and to give you Fresh Tokens of it to repeat the pledge and assurance of my Dying Kindness Do not despise the Entertainment I here give you though you see onely Bread and VVine Open the eyes of your Minds and let your Faith discern that this Bread is my Body my crucified Body my Body broken for you And this Wine poured out is my Blood my Blood shed for you Oh see how I loved you see what my Love to you brought me to undergo Consider how I was used for your sakes to procure your Peace and to purchase your Reconciliation I have nothing to desire of you but that you would continue in my Love and then I promise you the Love of my Father and that your sins shall be forgiven they shall not be remembred against you you shall not come into Condemnation And all your wants shall be supplied Nothing you can need but I have purchased nothing you can want but I will give Till I have fitted you for my Presence above till you come to be with me in the Heavenly state You shall receive it all from time to time Come take the Pledge and the Assurance of this by doing this in Remembrance of me Come therefore says Christ Take and Eat Eat O Friends drink abundantly O Beloved Take eat this Morsel as little and inconsiderable as it seems to be it cost my Life I give it to you as a Token of my Love and of my Fathers Love Take it and Remember both I say the same for the Cup of Blessing Drink it in Remembrance of me Come pledge me This is Wine of my own making when I trod the Wine-press of my Father's Wrath alone This will strengthen and revive thy fainting Spirit This will cure the Ulcers of thy Heart This will give thee Boldness and Courage to enter into the Presence of thy Father c. Thus does Christ give Welcome to his prepared Guests 7. And Lastly This is a peculiar sort of Feast viz. a Feast upon a Sacrifice A Feast that betokens a Covenant and Reconciliation between God and such as are Invited Guests at this Table I often take occasion to mention this because I judge it the true Notion of the Lord's Supper and the sense of the Apostle 1 Cor. 5.8 Christ our Passover was Sacrificed for us Let us therefore keep the Feast with the Vnleavened Bread of Sincerity and Truth which is spoken of the Feast from which the Corinthian Church by the Authority of Christ was to bar and seclude the disorderly Person It is well known that Sacrifices were wont to be attended with a Feast The Peace-offering under the Law was to be brought on the top of the Burnt-offerings No burnt offerings were without some peace-offerings And having offer'd them to the Lord they were to eat their part chearfully among their Friends For then they had as it were one Dish sent them from God's Table One part of the Offering viz. God's was consumed upon the Altar Another part the Priests had by God's Appointment And a Third the Offerers had to Feast upon Christ's Offering up himself upon the Cross is the Great Sacrifice This Banquet at the Table of the Lord is a Feast on that Sacrifice
of thy Adorable Perfections that we may so Glorifie thy Name in the Eyes of the World that others seeing our Good Works may Glorifie Thee our Father who art in Heaven To this end Let thy Kingdom come Thy Kingdom Come O Thou who Reignest among the Armies of Heaven and over all the Inhabitants of the Earth rule in our Hearts by the Power of thy Word and Spirit Subdue every Lust and inordinate Affection in us Mortifie all the Rebellion of our Wills and the Enmity of our Carnal Minds and Hearts that we may no longer be in Slavery to the Devil and to foolish Criminal Passions but our Understanding Will Affections Conscience and Conversation be more intirely Conformed to thy Holy Pleasure and Precept And after the Establishment and Advancement of thy Kingdom of Grace in our Souls perfect it in due time by admitting us to thy Kingdom of Glory And let all the Kingdoms of the World submit to the Scepter of our Lord Redeemer that he may Rule to the ends of the Earth Let all the People praise thee and Worship thee O God let all the People Praise thee Let not Satan the Usurping God of this world Tyranize over so great a part of this Earth But let the Kingdom of thy Grace be enlarged and thine Authority be more generally submitted to in all the World Let the everlasting Gospel of the Blessed God be publisht understood believed and obeyed from the Rising of the Sun to the setting of the same And as the Effect of the Coming of thy Kingdom in Power Let thy Will be done on Earth as it is in Heaven Thy Will be done Thy Will O God is the Measure of Holiness and Peace the Rule of Justice Truth and Perfect Wisdom Oh that it may be the Rule of our Desires that our Will may be intirely conformed to Thine All thy Works are Wisdom and all thy ways of Providence are Judgment Let us adore thee as Infallible in all the Revelations of thy Mind and as Wise and Good Just and Holy and True in all Thou do'st Let us acquiesce in thy good Pleasure as knowing nothing can be better done than what thou orderest In Fulness and in Want in Joy and Sorrow in Life and Death thy Holy Will O Lord be done Let us obediently comply with thy Preceptive Will in all thou hast commanded and humbly submit to thy Providential Will in all thou shalt appoint and be satisfied with our Portion Station and condition here on Earth Let us be govern'd in all things by thy Holy Will with Cheerfulness and Readiness and Faithfulness and Zeal without Deceit Delay or Murmuring Complaints That we may observe and please thy Will on Earth as the Angels do in Heaven where thou art loved delighted in and obeyed in Perfection And let all the World we beseech thee joyn with us and them to praise and glorifie thee with one heart and one voice and one consent and be the Servants of thy Holy Will for ever But our Satisfaction in thy Declared VVill doth not hinder but we may Ask the necessary Supports of Life We pray thee therefore Give us tbis day our Daily Bread Thou takest Care of our Souls provide also we beseech thee for our Bodies Prolong our Lives till we have finisht the Work of Life and answered the Ends of Living Continue a suitable and convenient Supply for the Necessities of our Nature Give us that Health Protection Peace and Plenty which may best assist us in our present Duty and tend to our Comfortable Accompt in the Day of Reckoning Thou hast directed us not to Chuse either Poverty or Riches because of the Temptations of either extreme Give us therefore Food Convenient according to that Rank and State and Condition thou hast plac'd us in or may'st hereafter do That so the Temptations of the Right Hand may not make us Wanton Secure and Proud forgetful of Thee and our Selves and the greater Concerns of Eternity or our Hearts be set to make Provision for the Flesh to fulfil the Lusts thereof And that on the contrary by the Snares of Poverty and pinching Straits we may not be tempted to doubt or deny Thy Providence or quarrel with it that we may not be exposed to Contempt and Misery and thereby to Impatience Distrust and Despair Keep us from undue Sollicitude about these things and give us Contentment with our present Condition Grant us that measure and proportion of Temporal Blessings which may enable us the better to serve and glorifie thee And whatever thou do with us let us be Calm and Quiet and Thankful and never admit any dishonourable Thoughts of thy Rule and Government Let us own Thee as the Original and Fountain of all our Good and faithfully depend on Thee for the Supply of all our Wants But whatever thou give us of Earthly Good Lord what will it avail us when our Sins are so many and great unless thou Forgive and Pardon us Therefore we beseech thee O Lord to Forgive us our Trespasses as we forgive them that Trespass against us Look upon us with a Merciful Eye for we are here before thee in our Trespasses Forgive our Sins of Ignorance and of Wilfulness those of Presumption and those of Infirmity secret and open in heart and word and deed the Vanity of our Minds the Carelesness of our Spirits the Wickedness of our Hearts the Irregularity of our Affections the Folly of our Lips and all the Omissions and Commissions of our past Lives from our Birth and Infancy to this very hour Look not upon our Offences but cast our sins behind thy Back Remember 'em not against us to our Punishment and Condemnation We beg this for the sake of our Blessed Saviour who hath made Expiation for Sin by his Cursed Death For his sake be Reconciled to us and remember our Iniquities no more and seal to us the free and full Forgiveness of them by the Witness of thy Holy Spirit that we may Rejoyce in God through Jesus Christ as having received the Atonement Enable us by a large and Evangelical Charity heartily to forgive all those who have any way troubled or injured or offended us lest our Prayer be turned into sin and thou deny us that Pardon which we deny to our Fellow Creatures That having by thy Grace this Character of thy Disciples and Children we may reap the Benefit of thy Pardoning Mercy here and in the other VVorld But because tho we should be forgiven for the Time past we shall run into the like sins again and contract New Guilt and fall an easie Prey to Temptation we beseech thee preserve us from being tempted or overcome when we are Lead us not into Temptation Lord we are Weak and Ignorant and Inclined to that which is Evil and our Adversary the Devil goes about like a Crafty Serpent and a Roaring Lion seeking whom he may deceive and destroy let us never be Careless Secure and Confident of our selves He is a Malicious Experienc't Watchful Envious Unwearied Enemy let us not be Ignorant of his Devices Enable us to Mortifie the Love of Sin and Inward Lust and diligently avoid the Occasions and Appearances of Evil the Incentives and Provocatives to Wickedness And suffer us not to be Tempted above what we are Able Order our Conditions and Affairs so as we may be free from great and Dangerous Temptations Help us that by taking to us the whole Armour of God we may be able to withstand the Wiles and Assaults of Satan that by the Protection and Guidance of thy Providence the Ministry of thine Angels and the Aids of thy Good Spirit we may not enter into Temptation and yield to it that Such as we cannot avoid may not prevail against us to thy Dishonour and our Eternal Ruin Deliver us from the Evil of every Temptation and from the Evil One the Tempter and from other Evils to which we are Incident But deliver us from Evil. Forgive what is Past Remove what is Present Prevent what may otherwise be to come from Sin and Shame from the Malice of the Devil and the Falshood and Treachery of Men from open Enemies and unfaithful Friends from the Deceits of the VVorld and the Lusts of the Flesh but above all from thy VVrath and Vengeance due to our Sins VVe Beseech thee to deliver and save us Pardon us so freely that all the Sufferings of this Life may be turned from Evil to Good that if thou smite us here with the Rod of a Father thou may'st spare us hereafter That all things may work together for our Advantage and that in every Condition we may be kept from Sin To that end Deliver us from the Evil One the Great Enemy of thy Glory and our Salvation Let us resist him stedâ—astly in the Faith that he may flee and we may Conquer We acknowledge our own Weakness and desire to be sensible of it and therefore humbly Invoke thine Aid and Help O save us from an Impenitent hard Heart while we live and let us Finish our Course in thy Fear and Love let us dye the Death of the Righteous and not have our Portion to all Eternity in that Region of Darkness and Torment which thou hast prepared for the Devil and his Angels For thine is the Kingdom the Power and the Glory for ever and ever Thou art able to do all this for us as the All-mighty Wise and Holy Lord and Governour of the VVorld whose Glorious Perfections are displayed and honoured in all thy Works We hope the granting these our Supplications will advance the Mightiness of thy Kingdom and Manifest thy Power Mercy and Truth For of thee and to thee and through thee are All Things to Thee be Glory for ever and ever Amen As Thou sayest so it is As Thou hast Promised So it shall be And as we have Prayed we Beg it may Be Amen and Amen THE END