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A59994 The true impartial history and wars of the Kingdom of Ireland its situation, division into provinces; shires &c., its ancient inhabitants, manners, customs and the state it was in at its being first invaded and conquer'd by the English in the reign of K. Henry II : with the several revolts and rebellions of the natives and by what means they have been reduced to obedience in the reign of our several kings and queens : but most particularly relating to all the memorable skirmishes, battels, sieges ... since the grand revolution under the reign of Their Present Majesties K. William and Q. Mary ... Shirley, James, 1596-1666. 1692 (1692) Wing S3489A; ESTC R30144 94,983 204

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having been well tutored and of a graceful Carriage so well acted his part that not only the Lieutenant but a great many of the Irish Nobility sided with him raising considerable Forces to espouse his Quarrel Crowning him King in Dublin and not content to keep him there they brought him with a considerable Army into England landing in Lancashire and Proclaiming him But the King's Forces advancing they were in a Set-battel over-thrown and the Imposter taken Prisoner the Priest hanged c. They likewise in the King's Reign aided another called Perkin or Peter Warbeck who stiled himself Duke of York younger Son to Edward the Fourth but in this they had no better success than in the former a great many being killed the Impostor taken after several Attempts and bloody Encounters having engaged the Scots as well as Irish on his part marrying the Lady Catharine Gourdon Niece to that King he was first obliged to confess his Impostor how he was set on maintained and encouraged by the Dutchess of Burgundy Sister to Edward the Fourth and then being publickly punished was sent to the Tower from whence endeavouring to escape he was executed and with him the real Earl of Warwick who had been kept a Prisoner there a considerable time all that was alledged against him was that he attempted to make his Escape with Perkin to raise new Commotions In the Reign of Henry the Eighth great Commotions were stirred up which were at first suddenly appeased but the Earl of Kildare being Deputy the People exhibited their Complaints against him to the Court of England as the cause of many Disturbances by his severe using them and amongst other Articles they had this viz. All Ireland is not able to Rule this Earl Then said the King this Earl is the fittest Man to Rule all Ireland and thereupon he continued him Deputy it appeared this hatred against him proceeded only from the strict hand he had over them to keep them from rebelling And another was That he had caused to be burned the Cathedral Church of Cashal The Archbishop of that place being his chief Accuser and when every one would have denied it he humbly replied By Chreest I would never have done it had I not byen told the Archbishop was in it Which plain dealing made the King smile and the Archbishop storm and fret however the Earl was ordered to rebuild it at his own charge and so continued in his Deputyship but often fell into displeasure by reason of his plain downright dealing and Cardinal Wolsey now ruling all at Court for speaking too plain to him upon his Examination at the Council-Board where Wolsey sat as President he sent him to the Tower and ordered a Warrant for his Execution without the King's Knowledge of which the King having Notice by the Lieutenant was mightily incensed at Wolsey and that great Favourite soon after falling into Disgrace the Earl was released and sent to Ireland with one Sir William Sheington who was made Deputy however the O Moors fell into Rebellion but being opposed by Forces drawn out of Dublin they were dispersed and many of them killed and for that time the Tempest blown over however it lasted not long for the Earl of Kildare's Enemies having again upon many grievous Complaints prevail'd to have him sent for to England he was committed to the Tower whereupon his Son the Lord Thomas notwithstanding the Perswasions of the Chancellor to avert him from it fell into Rebellion and drew great Forces after him yet driven at last to extream Necessities he was perswaded by the Lord Grey then Deputy of the Kingdom to submit himself to King Henry's Mercy without hope of Pardon but some of his Followers having killed Alen Archbishop of Dublin he was upon his Arrival committed to the Tower and King Henry being informed That the Geraldine Family had vowed never to have Peace with him he sent for the Earl's five Brothers in Custody when one of them during their crossing the Seas demanded of the Master what the Name of the Ship was who replied The Cow Nay then said he looking on the rest with a dejected Countenance we are all lost Men for now a Prophecy comes into my head that says Five Brethren of an Earl should be carried into England in the Belly of a Cow and never come back again and I doubt not but all things hitting so pat we are they And indeed so it happen'd for being Accused of the late Rebellion though two of them were ignorant of it the Lord Thomas Son to the Earl was beheaded on Tower-hill and the five Brethren hang'd drawn and quartered at Tyburn and the Earl soon after died in the Tower of Grief which destroyed the Center of that Noble Family for although one Brother escaped yet travelling through many Countries he at last came to Naples and there died Childless Nor did the Lord Grey escape for being countermanded and accused of holding Correspondency with this Family though without any notable Proof he was Condemned for High-Treason and beheaded on Tower-hill The Kings of England the better to please the Natives of Ireland having been all this while only called Lords of Ireland the Parliament sitting at Westminster in the 33d year of Henry's Reign invested with the Title of King of Ireland whereupon the Earl of Tyrone and divers others rebelled but in some bloody Encounters being defeated the Earl was at last subdu'd and brought Prisoner for England yet upon his humble Submission released and sent over upon promise of keeping the Country in quiet which he pretty well observed during the short Reigns of King Edward the Sixth and Queen Mary only some petty Commotions happened that were soon quieted In the Year 1566. being the Seventh year of Queen Elizabeth's Reign one of the chief Lords of Ireland named Donald Mac Carti More upon some little stirs that happened came over and not only cleared himself to the Queen but delivered up to her all his Territories vowing perpetual Fealty but she in gratitude restored them again and made him Earl of Glencare giving him a considerable Sum to bear his Expences so that by his great Authority amongst the Natives it was thought the Kingdom would be kept quiet but it proved otherwise for after some private Conspiracies that never broke out were defeated the Earl of Desmond the Eleventh Earl of that Title who had great Territories and abundance of Followers broke into open Rebellion and did great damage to the English driving them out of many places killing divers Gentlemen in Revenge as he said of the Earl of Kildare and his Family being put to death and amongst others one with whom he had contracted a strict Friendship and usually called Father who when he saw him with his drawn Sword breaking into his Chamber and relying upon his former Friendship cried out What is the matter Desmon my Son to whom the bloody Earl sternly replied I am no longer thy Son nor thou my Father but
thou shalt surely die and thereupon they put him and all they found in the House to the Sword These Outrages allarmed the Lord Deputy who drawing out his Forces after divers Skirmishes put the Earl to the Rout who being forsaken of his Followers lurked for sometime in the Bogs and Mountains but miserable want driving him thence among the Cottages he was there found and slain by a private Souldier when his Head being conveyed to England was set upon London-Bridge and so fell this Eleventh Earl of Desm●nd But in his Grave the restless Spirits of the Irish were not buried for casting their Eyes on the Family of the Bourks they gave out they would have an eminent Person of that Family to be their King or Governour and many Tumults were raised but this prudent Queen notwithstanding some intestine Troubles at home took such care that she a long time by Policy and Force reduced the unruly Natives to their Obedience the former of which was particularly effected by driving away their Cattel and making them submit through extream necessity after they had been got together in the Woods about forty Days The Second was by the timely Notice the Deputy had of Two thousand Scotch Highlanders landing to joyn with the Irish and knowing nothing that they had laid down their Arms as to their greatest number they came on with such as fell in with them by the way in hopes to joyn the rest breaking into the Province of Connaught where indeed a great many of the Country Peasants took Arms on their part but the Lord-Deputy by speedy Marches towards them and finding they were got into Bogs and Fastnesses after he had encamped within sight a-while feigned a Retreat and they by reason of their over-numbring him supposing he had fled immediately followed but were no sooner trained on the firm ground e're the English fac'd about charged their Front and Flanks piercing the Array of their Battel and put them to utter rout and confusion so that not above eighteen of them escaped of upwards of Three thousand which crushed the Scots attempting to help them in their Rebellion These bad Successes shewing plainly the Hand of Heaven against them did not however make them sensible of their Misfortune in taking up Arms against a powerful Nation for perceiving themselves too weak to struggle in the Lyons Paws they began to tamper with other Nations alledging after the Reformation Religion as a ground to justifie their Rebellions though they were ever starting from their Allegiance when both Nations professed that of the Roman Catholick Communion but now taking this for a plausible pretext the Earl of Tyrone began und●r hand to deal with Philip the Second of Spain for Succours of Men and Ammunition promising to hold the Kingdom at his Devotion but this being about to be discovered by Hugh O Neale Tyrone in a rage clapped a Cord about his Neck and strangled him with his own hands Notwithstanding this it was known and he summoned to answe● it in the English Court and upon some assurance of Pardon he went submitting himself and making such plausible Protestations of Innocency that times running high by reason that the Spaniards were about to Invade England he was pardoned and sent over again but afterward proved Ingrateful and a very dangerous Enemy Much about this time one Mac Malcoon a leading Man among the Irish stirred up Commotions about paying Taxes for which he was taken tried and executed his Estate being given partly to his Family and partly to the English that living upon it they might curb and over-awe the rest Whereupon one Brian O Roch who had sided with him to prevent a present Punishment fell into an open Rebellion but upon the Rout that immediately was given him he fled into Scotland for Protection but the Queen's Influence was so great upon that Kingdom that she had him delivered up and being tried at Westminster he was there found Guilty and being carried to Tyburn he was there executed without being concerned at Death These things having been buzzed in the ears of the Multitude to have been done in an Arbitrary Way the Earl of Tyrone thought it a fit time to lay hold on their Discontents and raised all the Forces he could calling in the Spaniard and imploring the other Roman Catholick Nations to assist him as he pretended to prevent Heresies over-running that Kingdom nor was the Pope to whom he had sent one Ste●●ley an English Renagado as his Agent wanting to further his Design causing 600 Harquibussers to be levied in the Territories of the Church for the Service of Tyrone ● But S●ewkley who commanded them coming into the Port of Lisbon with them at what time King Don Sebastian was going to invade Africa he retained them for his Service when at the fatal Battel of Alcazaz against the Moors they were all cut to pieces However Tyrone being very much strengthned gave the English a great Overthrow and put all Connaught Vlster and Munster in Arms and the War after that went on with doubtful Success sometimes one Party prevailed and sometimes another Here the famous Earl of Essex the great Favourite of Queen Elizabeth commanded but whilst he was fighting in Ireland he was undermined by his Foes at the English Court and being called home and some Misdemeanours in this War and other things charged against him he was confined to his House where falling into Discontent he after having imprisoned the Privy Counsellors that were sent to him from the Queen he broke out into open Violence for which he lost his Head on Tower-hill The Fall of so brave a Souldier proving afterward to small cause of Grief to the Queen and his Loss was greatly regretted by the People whose Darling he was The Lord Norrice being Deputy of Ireland in the stead of the Earl of Essex he followed his business so close that giving Tyron● several Overthrows and beating out the Spaniards that came to his Assistance he at last was left by his Followers who cursing him for bringing them into such Troubles shifted as they could so that after he had lurked up and down some Months suffering extream Necessity he came and surrendred himself to the Lord-Deputy upon promise he should be sent over to England there to throw himself at the Queen's Feet for Mercy and according he was sent over and committed to the Tower but the Queen dying before he could be brought to Trial King Iames the Sixth of Scotland and First of England coming to the Crown he was by an Act of Indempnity pardoned and set at Liberty he and all his Adherents promising exact Obedience for the future and that wise King knowing how to settle a troublesome Nation as having been brought up in one himself he knew it was best to prevent and lay aside Animosities and therefore by his Proclamation of Pardon he utterly extinguished all Offences not only against the Crown but between Subject and Subject as to particular Trespasses