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ID Title Author Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication) STC Words Pages
A78478 Certaine observations touching the two great offices of the seneschalsey or high-stewardship, and high-constableship of England. 1642 (1642) Wing C1713; Thomason E122_23; ESTC R5060 13,081 16

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he was one of our high Seneschals and dying without issue of his body in the yeere of our Lord God 1204. was buried in the Abbey of Preux neere Leicester leaving his two sisters to be his heires between whom the whole inheritance was divided in the daies of K. Iohn Amicitia the eldest sister was married to Simon of Mountford yonger brother to Almarick Earle of Eureux in Normandy And Margaret the yongest was wife unto Saher of Quencie whom K. John made Earle of Winchester unto whom she brought the one halfe of the Earldome of Leicester and of the honour of Hinckley and among other Lands the Mannor of Grobye Quitwicke Shepeshend Hales Brackly South-Keston Timisbury and Chimnomere Simon of Mountford according to the Law and custome of the Land was in the right of his wife being the elder sister made Earle of Leicester and high Seneschall of England in the daies of K. Iohn but he enjoyed not long those honours being for his contumacy and disobedience both he and his children shortly after banished the Land and his honours and possessions bestowed on Earle Randolph of Chester who held them a great time except onely the Patronage of the Abbey of Preux neere Leicester and the Office of the Stewardship of England which the King kept in his own hands This Earle Simor a great warriour was head and leader of the yong French King Lodowicks Forces fighting against the Albigenses about the City of Tholose where he was after shine These Albigenses because they began to smell the Popes treachery and to controle the inordinate proceedings and discipline of the See of Rome the Pope therefore accounting them as people hereticall excited the French King to lay siege against the said City of Tholoso to expugne those Albigenses his enemies But such was the mighty protection of God fighting for his people against the might of man that the French could doe no good with all their Engines and Artileries against the City but were forced to retire with great losse of people among whom this Earle Simon of Mountfort generall of the Army to whom the Pope had given a little before the Earle of Tholosas Land was sl●i● with a stone before the gate of the City in the yeere of our Lord God 1219. as likewise was a brother of his besieging of a Castle neere unto Thotosa at the same time he left two sons of great fame Earle Alt●arick of Mounfort Constable of France that was taken prisoner in the holy Land and after his redemption in returning homeward dyed at Idruntum in Italy Anno 1241. And Simon the yonger that after obtaining the good grace and favour of K. Henry the 3. whose sister he married was restored to the Earldome of Leicester and to the integrity of his fathers lost honours patrimonies in England a man was he of great courage and renown well experienced in the wars in matters of government for long time had he been Seneschall and Governor of the Countrey of Gascoigne for the King of England his brother in Law which of his own accord he resigned contrary to the Kings mind that greatly desired to reteine him in good affection towards him both because he was a man of great power wise and valiant and for that the French laboured to make him their Seneschall but such was the Earles hap that in the new begun variance between K. Henry and his Nobles for not observing the Laws of the Land especially such new decrees as had been made at Oxford for the expelling of strangers out of the Realm he was chosen chiefe Captaine and leader of the Nobility and for the time so much prevailed in the enterprize that the King was by them taken in the battaile neere Lewes in Sussex together with his eldest son and the King of Romans his brother howbeit Edward the Kings eldest son escaping out of their hands renewed the war and at Evesham in battell slew this Earle Simon and delivered his father from the hands of his enemies in Anno 1265 which was the 48 yeere of the raigne of K Hen. 3. Those that tooke part with Earle Simon were disinherited and their Lands given to such as stood with the King divers fled the real●●e and amongst them Simon and Guy and the other sonnes of this Earle which escaped into France leaving no posterity in this Land The King afterward gave the Earledome of Leicester to his yonger son Edmond that was the first Earle of Lancaster and to his heires which ever afterward cont●nued in the house of Lancast●r who beare the title of Leicesters Earledome and withall held and enjoyed the office of the high Stewardship of England untill the same with all other the honours Lands and hereditaments thereunto belonging was united to the Crowne in the daies of King Henry the 4. being of that stock till that now of late it pleased the most Noble and vertuous Pri●cesse Q●eene Elisabeth our gratious Soveraigne to revive the honour and title of Leicesters Earledome in the person of the right noble Lord Robert of Dudley younger brother and heire to the right noble Lord Ambrose Earle of Warwick and Viscount Lisle both sonnes to the high and mightie Prince John late Duke of Northumberland lineally descended and heire in bloud of the bodies of Robert of Beaumount Earle of Mellent auncestour to the before-mentioned Earles of Leicester and of Hen. of Newborough Earle of Warwick Ancestour to the Earles sonne both brethren as before hath been declared and living in the time of the Norman conquest as more plainly is shewed by Pedegrees deduced Thus much declared by way of preface or ingression to the matter in hand and to shew that the office of High Stewardship of England hath heretofore passed inheritably in diverse families as other great Offices have done It remaineth now to declare what these Stewardships are with the authorities and prerogations to them belonging and to produce such notes and observations as are extant touching the same And to begin with the chiefest Seneschall the Seneschalsey or Stewardship of England as it is not to be doubted of but that it took beginning from the Normans and was by them first established in this land after their great conquest and victory over the English Saxons in the yeare of our Lord God 1066 by their example of their home government in Normandy where the Duke had under him for his chiefest Officer a Seneschall or Steward so cannot the right of this office be better or in briefer sort described then by setting downe of the Dukes Steward faithfully in such sort as it is to be seene written in the old customary booke of the Duchie of Normandy in these words following In times past there was to wander throughout Normandy a certaine Justicie● greater then these before mentioned who was called the Princes Se●eschall or Steward he was wont to perfect and amend that which the other Justiciers had left undone he kept the Prince his land the