adversary_n in_o this_o manner_n viz._n the_o writ_n of_o summons_n to_o the_o parliament_n whereby_o the_o baron_n by_o writ_n have_v his_o original_a be_v to_o call_v that_o honourable_a and_o worthy_a person_n so_o summon_v to_o the_o number_n of_o that_o right_n high_a and_o honourable_a assembly_n and_o to_o be_v a_o judge_n to_o sit_v hear_v and_o determine_v life_n and_o member_n plea_n and_o right_n of_o land_n if_o there_o shall_v come_v occasion_n likewise_o to_o give_v counsel_n and_o advise_v in_o the_o most_o mighty_a affair_n of_o the_o realm_n but_o these_o thing_n be_v convenient_a for_o the_o quality_n and_o condition_n of_o man_n unfitting_a and_o altogether_o unbeseeming_a the_o sex_n of_o woman_n ergo_fw-la have_v respect_n unto_o the_o scope_n and_o final_a purpose_n of_o such_o writ_n such_o inheritance_n shall_v only_o descend_v unto_o the_o heir_n female_a the_o second_o argument_n contra_fw-la second_o if_o it_o shall_v be_v answer_v that_o although_o the_o heir_n female_a to_o who_o such_o inheritance_n be_v descend_v be_v unfit_a in_o she_o own_o person_n for_o the_o accomplish_n of_o these_o thing_n yet_o she_o may_v marry_v with_o one_o sufficient_o able_a for_o she_o and_o in_o her_o behalf_n to_o execute_v the_o same_o this_o answer_n will_v neither_o satisfy_v nor_o salve_v the_o inconvenience_n for_o admit_v that_o such_o a_o heir_n female_a be_v at_o full_a age_n at_o the_o death_n of_o her_o ancestor_n unmarried_a for_o it_o do_v lie_v in_o she_o own_o choice_n then_o who_o shall_v be_v her_o husband_n the_o three_o argument_n contra_fw-la three_o if_o such_o husband_n shall_v be_v call_v by_o the_o right_n of_o his_o wife_n the_o writ_n shall_v make_v some_o mention_n thereof_o for_o otherwise_o it_o may_v well_o be_v take_v that_o the_o husband_n be_v choose_v in_o his_o own_o person_n and_o in_o behalf_n of_o himself_o and_o not_o in_o regard_n of_o his_o wife_n or_o such_o pretend_a dignity_n descend_v unto_o he_o but_o there_o be_v never_o such_o a_o writ_n of_o summons_n see_v wherein_o the_o wife_n be_v mention_v and_o if_o the_o husband_n of_o such_o a_o wife_n have_v be_v call_v to_o the_o parliament_n which_o be_v always_o by_o general_n write_v not_o mention_v his_o wife_n he_o be_v thereby_o make_v a_o baron_n of_o himself_o by_o virtue_n of_o the_o say_v write_v have_v thus_o hear_v both_o side_n to_o dispute_v place_n it_o do_v now_o require_v to_o interpose_v opinion_n to_o compound_v the_o controversy_n this_o point_n in_o question_n be_v somewhat_o perplex_v by_o mean_n of_o difficult_a precedent_n for_o first_o it_o be_v observe_v that_o some_o precedent_n do_v prove_v that_o barony_n by_o writ_n have_v descend_v unto_o heir_n female_a who_o husband_n have_v be_v call_v to_o parliament_n whether_o in_o regard_n of_o themselves_o or_o in_o respect_n of_o their_o wife_n right_a it_o make_v no_o matter_n but_o since_o it_o be_v that_o the_o marriage_n of_o such_o lady_n give_v that_o occasion_n to_o be_v summon_v and_o such_o husband_n and_o their_o posterity_n have_v and_o do_v lawful_o bear_v the_o same_o title_n of_o dignity_n which_o the_o ancestor_n of_o such_o a_o wife_n do_v before_o rightful_o bear_v for_o by_o this_o controversy_n theâ—e_n be_v no_o purpose_n to_o call_v the_o right_n of_o such_o noble_a house_n into_o question_n howbeit_o second_o this_o be_v to_o be_v observe_v out_o of_o the_o precedent_n and_o to_o be_v acknowledge_v of_o every_o dutiful_a subject_n that_o the_o king_n majesty_n be_v nevertheless_o at_o liberty_n to_o call_v to_o his_o high_a council_n of_o parliament_n who_o he_o shall_v in_o his_o princely_a wisdom_n think_v fit_a which_o by_o his_o majesty_n be_v noble_a progenitor_n have_v in_o former_a age_n likewise_o observe_v and_o therefore_o whereas_o ralph_n lord_n cromwell_n be_v a_o baron_n by_o writ_n die_v without_o issue_n have_v two_o sister_n and_o coheir_n elizabeth_n the_o elder_a who_o marry_v sir_n thomas_n nevile_n knight_n and_o joan_n the_o young_a who_o marry_v sir_n humphrey_n butcher_n knight_n who_o be_v call_v to_o parliament_n as_o lord_n cromwell_n and_o not_o the_o say_a sir_n thomas_n three_o it_o be_v to_o be_v observe_v that_o if_o a_o baron_n by_o writ_n die_v without_o heir_n male_a have_v his_o daughter_n sister_n or_o other_o collateral_a heir_n male_a that_o can_v challenge_v the_o land_n of_o the_o say_a baron_n decease_v by_o any_o ancient_a entail_n or_o otherwise_o the_o title_n of_o such_o a_o heir_n female_a have_v heretofore_o be_v allow_v as_o by_o the_o honourable_a opinion_n and_o relation_n of_o the_o right_n honourable_a the_o late_a commissioner_n in_o the_o office_n of_o earl-marshal_n signify_v unto_o the_o late_a queen_n upon_o petition_n of_o the_o sister_n and_o heir_n of_o gregory_n lord_n dacres_n decease_v may_v appear_v moreover_o in_o the_o same_o pedigree_n of_o the_o lord_n dacres_n it_o be_v express_v that_o thomas_n sometime_o lord_n dacres_n have_v issue_n thomas_n his_o elder_a son_n ralph_n his_o second_o and_o humphrey_z his_o third_z thomas_n the_o elder_a die_v in_o the_o life_n of_o his_o father_n have_v issue_n joan_n daughter_n and_o heir_n who_o be_v marry_v to_o sir_n richard_n fines_n knight_n and_o after_o thomas_n lord_n dacres_n his_o grandfather_n and_o father_n to_o the_o say_v ralph_n and_o humphrey_n die_v after_o who_o death_n henry_n the_o six_o by_o his_o letter_n patent_n bear_v date_n at_o westminster_n the_o seven_o of_o november_n in_o the_o seven_o year_n of_o his_o reign_n recite_v the_o say_a pedigree_n and_o marriage_n do_v by_o his_o say_a letter_n patent_n accept_v declare_v and_o repute_v the_o say_a richard_n fines_n to_o be_v lord_n dacres_n and_o one_o of_o the_o baron_n of_o the_o realm_n but_o afterward_o in_o the_o time_n of_o edward_n the_o four_o the_o say_a humphrey_n dacres_n after_o the_o attainder_n of_o the_o say_v ralph_n and_o himself_o by_o a_o act_n of_o parliament_n which_o be_v the_o first_o of_o edward_n the_o four_o and_o after_o the_o death_n of_o the_o say_v ralph_n and_o the_o reversal_n of_o the_o say_a act_n by_o another_o act_n in_o the_o twelve_o of_o edward_n the_o four_o the_o say_a humphrey_n make_v challenge_v unto_o the_o say_a barony_n and_o unto_o divers_a land_n of_o the_o say_v thomas_n his_o father_n whereupon_o both_o party_n after_o their_o title_n have_v be_v consider_v of_o in_o parliament_n submit_v themselves_o to_o the_o arbitrement_n of_o king_n edward_n the_o four_o and_o enter_v into_o bond_n each_o to_o other_o for_o the_o performance_n thereof_o whereupon_o the_o say_a king_n in_o his_o award_n under_o his_o privy_a seal_n bear_v date_n at_o westminster_n the_o eight_o of_o april_n anno_fw-la regni_fw-la svi_fw-la decimo_fw-la tertio_fw-la do_v award_v that_o the_o say_v richard_n fines_n in_o the_o right_n of_o joan_n his_o wife_n and_o the_o heir_n of_o his_o body_n by_o the_o say_v joan_n beget_v shall_v keep_v have_v and_o use_v the_o same_o seat_n and_o place_n in_o every_o parliament_n as_o the_o say_v thomas_n dacres_n knight_n lord_n dacres_n have_v use_v and_o keep_v and_o that_o the_o heir_n of_o the_o body_n of_o the_o say_v thomas_n dacres_n knight_n then_o late_a lord_n dacres_n beget_v shall_v have_v and_o hold_v to_o they_o and_o to_o their_o heir_n the_o manor_n of_o holbeach_n and_o further_o that_o the_o say_a king_n edward_n do_v award_v on_o the_o other_o part_n that_o the_o say_v humphrey_n dacres_n knight_n and_o the_o heir_n male_n of_o the_o say_v thomas_n late_a lord_n dacres_n shall_v be_v repute_v have_v name_v and_o call_v the_o lord_n dacres_n of_o gillesland_n and_o that_o he_o and_o the_o heir_n male_n of_o the_o body_n of_o the_o say_v thomas_n then_o late_a lord_n dacres_n shall_v have_v use_v and_o keep_v the_o place_n in_o parliament_n next_o adjoin_v beneath_o the_o say_a place_n which_o the_o say_v richard_n fines_n knight_n lord_n dacres_n then_o have_v and_o occupy_v and_o that_o the_o heir_n of_o the_o body_n of_o the_o say_v joan_n his_o wife_n shall_v have_v and_o enjoy_v and_o that_o the_o heir_n male_n of_o the_o say_v thomas_n dacres_n late_a lord_n dacres_n shall_v have_v to_o they_o and_o the_o heir_n male_n of_o their_o body_n beget_v the_o manor_n of_o jothington_n etc._n etc._n and_o so_o note_v that_o the_o name_n of_o the_o ancient_a barony_n namely_o gillesland_n remain_v unto_o the_o heir_n male_a to_o who_o the_o land_n be_v entail_v moreover_o this_o be_v special_o observe_v if_o any_o baron_n by_o writ_n do_v die_v have_v no_o other_o issue_n than_o female_a and_o that_o by_o some_o special_a entail_n or_o other_o assurance_n there_o be_v a_o heir_n male_a which_o do_v enjoy_v all_o or_o great_a part_n of_o the_o land_n possession_n and_o inheritance_n of_o such_o baron_n decease_v the_o king_n have_v use_v to_o call_v to_o the_o
parliament_n by_o writ_n as_o baron_n such_o heir_n male_a omit_v the_o husband_n of_o the_o issue_n of_o such_o heir_n female_a and_o this_o also_o appear_v by_o a_o notable_a controversy_n in_o the_o time_n of_o henry_n the_o seven_o between_o sir_n robert_n willoughby_n lord_n brook_n and_o richard_n lord_n lattimer_n for_o the_o barony_n of_o lattimer_n which_o in_o effect_n be_v the_o say_a lord_n brook_n do_v challenge_v the_o barony_n of_o lattimer_n as_o coâ—in_v and_o heir_n of_o elizabeth_n his_o great-grandmother_n who_o be_v sister_n and_o heir_n of_o john_n nevil_n lord_n lattimer_n who_o die_v without_o issue_n and_o hereupon_o exhibit_v a_o petition_n to_o henry_n the_o seven_o in_o parliament_n whereunto_o richard_n lord_n lattimer_n be_v call_v to_o answer_v because_o he_o then_o enjoy_v the_o say_a title_n and_o dignity_n the_o say_v richard_n lord_n lattimer_n do_v by_o his_o answer_n show_v that_o after_o the_o death_n of_o the_o say_v john_n nevil_n lord_n lattimer_n without_o issue_n the_o say_a elizabeth_n be_v his_o sister_n and_o next_o heir_n and_o marry_v unto_o thomas_n willoughby_n knight_n second_o son_n of_o the_o lord_n willoughby_n but_o henry_n the_o six_o for_o that_o the_o say_v john_n nevil_n lord_n lattimer_n be_v dead_a without_o issue_n and_o that_o the_o next_o heir_n be_v female_a do_v therefore_o call_v to_o the_o parliament_n george_n nevil_n knight_n second_o son_n of_o henry_n earl_n of_o westmoreland_n to_o be_v lord_n lattimer_n as_o cousin_n and_o next_o heir_n male_a of_o the_o say_v john_n nevil_n lord_n lattimer_n which_o george_n be_v grandfather_n of_o the_o say_v richard_n lord_n lattimer_n father_n of_o the_o say_v richard_n in_o debate_n of_o which_o cause_n the_o question_n now_o in_o hand_n namely_o whether_o a_o barony_n by_o writ_n may_v descend_v to_o the_o heir_n female_a be_v advise_o consider_v of_o by_o the_o king_n and_o his_o nobility_n in_o parliament_n and_o in_o the_o end_n adjudge_v with_o the_o say_v richard_n lord_n lattimer_n which_o precedent_n do_v afford_v we_o two_o judgement_n in_o this_o point_n and_o in_o the_o time_n of_o henry_n the_o six_o when_o the_o writ_n be_v direct_v to_o the_o say_a sir_n george_n nevil_n knight_n whereby_o he_o be_v summon_v as_o lord_n lattimer_n to_o the_o parliament_n and_o as_o heir_n male_a and_o not_o the_o say_v thomas_n willoughby_n knight_n husband_n of_o the_o say_v elizabeth_n heir_n female_a and_o the_o second_o judgement_n be_v give_v in_o the_o time_n of_o henry_n the_o seven_o whereby_o the_o say_a barony_n be_v adjudge_v to_o the_o say_v richard_n lord_n lattimer_n come_v out_o of_o the_o special_a heir_n male_a against_o the_o lord_n brook_n descend_v of_o the_o general_a heir_n male._n but_o here_o in_o this_o precedent_n before_o remember_v of_o the_o barony_n of_o dacres_n may_v be_v object_v to_o encounter_v this_o conclusion_n for_o there_o be_v a_o heir_n female_a marry_v unto_o sir_n richard_n fines_n who_o by_o the_o declaration_n of_o king_n henry_n the_o six_o be_v baron_n of_o dacres_n in_o right_a of_o his_o wife_n and_o there_o be_v also_o ralph_n and_o humphrey_n the_o heir_n male_n before_o who_o the_o heir_n female_a be_v prefer_v by_o the_o censure_n of_o henry_n the_o six_o and_o edward_z the_o four_o this_o objection_n be_v easy_o answer_v for_o although_o henry_n the_o six_o through_o the_o princely_a favour_n which_o he_o bear_v unto_o sir_n richard_n fines_n have_v declare_v he_o to_o be_v lord_n dacres_n in_o right_a of_o his_o wife_n yet_o notwithstanding_o do_v ralph_n dacres_n be_v heir_n male_a then_o unto_o the_o lord_n dacres_n and_o by_o that_o name_n be_v attaint_v in_o parliament_n anno_fw-la primo_fw-la hen._n 4._o wherefore_o the_o reason_n why_o the_o heir_n male_a can_v not_o be_v regard_v be_v the_o say_a attainder_n of_o the_o say_v raâ—ph_n and_o humphrey_n his_o brother_n and_o therefore_o when_o humphrey_n in_o the_o 12_o the_o of_o edward_n the_o four_o labour_v to_o have_v the_o say_a attainder_n reverse_v he_o submit_v himself_o to_o the_o arbitrement_n of_o the_o king_n who_o to_o satisfy_v both_o competitor_n both_o have_v deserve_v of_o he_o after_o he_o have_v admit_v they_o to_o his_o favour_n he_o allow_v one_o to_o be_v lord_n dacres_n and_o the_o other_o to_o be_v the_o lord_n dacres_n of_o gillesland_n and_o thus_o much_o concern_v the_o second_o point_n whether_o a_o barony_n by_o writ_n may_v descend_v unto_o the_o heir_n female_a the_o three_o point_n as_o concern_v the_o three_o point_n admit_v such_o descent_n to_o be_v to_o the_o heir_n female_a when_o there_o be_v no_o heir_n male_a that_o may_v claim_v the_o same_o for_o than_o do_v this_o question_n take_v place_n whether_o the_o husband_n of_o such_o a_o heir_n female_a shall_v enjoy_v the_o dignity_n in_o right_a of_o his_o wife_n or_o no_o wherein_o we_o be_v to_o rest_v upon_o a_o resolution_n have_v and_o give_v to_o this_o special_a question_n which_o be_v in_o this_o manner_n in_o the_o time_n of_o henry_n the_o eight_o when_o mr._n winby_n take_v upon_o he_o the_o style_n of_o lord_n talbois_n in_o right_a of_o his_o wife_n have_v no_o issue_n by_o she_o the_o say_a king_n assisted_z both_o by_o civil_a and_o temporal_a lawyer_n give_v sentence_n that_o no_o husband_n of_o a_o baroness_n in_o her_o right_n shall_v use_v that_o style_n and_o dignity_n until_o he_o have_v by_o she_o a_o child_n whereby_o she_o shall_v become_v tenant_n by_o courtesy_n unto_o her_o inheritance_n the_o special_a reason_n that_o occasion_v this_o sentence_n be_v two_o first_o it_o shall_v be_v convenient_a for_o her_o husband_n this_o day_n to_o be_v a_o baron_n and_o a_o peer_n of_o the_o realm_n and_o to_o morrow_n by_o the_o death_n of_o his_o wife_n to_o become_v none_o and_o without_o the_o default_n of_o the_o party_n second_o if_o he_o have_v issue_n by_o wife_n and_o be_v entitle_v to_o be_v tenant_n by_o the_o courtesy_n of_o england_n of_o his_o wife_n land_n if_o he_o shall_v not_o also_o bear_v the_o style_n and_o dignity_n of_o his_o wife_n barony_n then_o shall_v the_o son_n after_o the_o death_n of_o his_o mother_n die_v in_o the_o life_n time_n of_o his_o father_n be_v a_o baron_n and_o lord_n without_o land_n for_o so_o the_o father_n shall_v have_v the_o land_n as_o tenant_n by_o courtesy_n and_o the_o son_n the_o lordship_n without_o land_n and_o thus_o much_o say_v concern_v the_o nature_n quality_n and_o estate_n of_o a_o baron_n by_o writ_n and_o for_o the_o resolution_n of_o the_o several_a point_n and_o article_n of_o the_o question_n propose_v may_v suffice_v chap._n xii_o baron_n by_o patent_n which_o be_v the_o three_o kind_n of_o baron_n mention_v in_o the_o former_a division_n of_o baron_n there_o be_v also_o a_o four_o mean_n of_o creation_n viz._n by_o act_n of_o parliament_n but_o the_o first_o two_o mention_v and_o this_o other_o by_o patent_n be_v most_o usual_a for_o the_o honour_n of_o the_o king_n for_o thereby_o the_o donation_n do_v proceed_v from_o his_o majesty_n only_o as_o from_o the_o fountain_n of_o honour_n but_o when_o the_o creation_n be_v by_o parliament_n the_o king_n ever_o be_v one_o and_o may_v be_v say_v to_o be_v donor_n a_o baron_n therefore_o by_o creation_n by_o reason_n of_o letter_n patent_n be_v that_o noble_a person_n who_o the_o king_n or_o any_o of_o his_o progenitor_n king_n of_o this_o realm_n have_v create_v baron_n by_o such_o their_o letter_n patent_n begin_v in_o the_o reign_n of_o king_n richard_n the_o second_o this_o kind_n of_o dignity_n of_o a_o baron_n shall_v be_v of_o such_o continuance_n in_o descent_n or_o otherwise_o as_o shall_v be_v limit_v in_o the_o habendum_fw-la in_o such_o letter_n patent_n contain_v for_o it_o may_v be_v but_o for_o the_o life_n of_o he_o to_o who_o it_o be_v give_v or_o for_o term_v vaunter_n vie_v as_o some_o hold_n opinion_n in_o the_o 32_o of_o hen._n 6._o for_o cujus_fw-la est_fw-la dare_v est_fw-la disponere_fw-la it_o may_v be_v in_o special_a in_o our_o general_a tail_n and_o this_o kind_n of_o tail_n be_v usual_a before_o the_o statute_n make_v decimo_fw-la tertio_fw-la of_o edw._n 1._o by_o which_o estate_n tail_n of_o land_n and_o tenement_n be_v create_v as_o appear_v by_o the_o patent_n whereby_o hubert_n de_fw-fr burgo_n be_v make_v earl_n of_o kent_n in_o the_o time_n of_o henry_n the_o three_o by_o these_o word_n habendum_fw-la sibi_fw-la &_o haeredibus_fw-la suis_fw-la de_fw-la corpore_fw-la margaretae_n uxoris_fw-la svi_fw-la sorors_n alexandri_n regis_fw-la scotiae_fw-la procreatis_fw-la &_o pro_fw-la defectu_fw-la talis_fw-la exitus_fw-la remanere_fw-la in_o directis_fw-la haeredibus_fw-la dicti_fw-la huberti_fw-la and_o that_o estate_n intayl_n be_v at_o this_o day_n of_o title_n of_o honour_n by_o the_o say_a statute_n of_o westminster_n the_o second_o question_n if_o a_o
authority_n of_o parliament_n make_v in_o the_o eleven_o of_o king_n edward_n aforesaid_a and_o therefore_o to_o supply_v that_o defect_n in_o the_o five_o of_o edward_n the_o three_o he_o be_v create_v duke_n of_o cornwall_n by_o special_a charter_n elizabeth_n elder_a daughter_n of_o king_n edward_n the_o four_o be_v not_o a_o duchess_n of_o cornwall_n although_o she_o be_v the_o firstbegotten_a daughter_n of_o edward_n the_o four_o for_o the_o limitation_n be_v to_o the_o first-begotten_a son_n henry_n the_o eight_o be_v not_o in_o the_o life_n of_o his_o father_n king_n henry_n the_o seven_o after_o the_o death_n of_o his_o elder_a brother_n arthur_n duke_n of_o cornwall_n by_o force_n of_o the_o say_a creation_n for_o although_o he_o be_v sole_a heir_n apparent_a yet_o he_o be_v not_o his_o elder_a begotten_a son_n and_o the_o opinion_n of_o stamford_n a_o learned_a judge_n have_v be_v that_o he_o shall_v have_v within_o his_o dukedom_n of_o cornwall_n the_o king_n prerogative_n because_o it_o be_v not_o sever_v from_o the_o crown_n after_o the_o form_n as_o it_o be_v give_v for_o none_o shall_v be_v inheritor_n thereof_o but_o the_o king_n be_v of_o the_o realm_n for_o example_n whereas_o by_o common_a law_n if_o a_o man_n hold_v divers_a manor_n or_o other_o land_n or_o tenement_n of_o divers_a lord_n all_o by_o knight_n service_n some_o part_n by_o priority_n and_o ancient_a feoffment_n and_o other_o land_n by_o posterity_n and_o a_o late_a feoffment_n and_o the_o tenant_n so_o seize_v die_v and_o his_o son_n and_o heir_n within_o age_n in_o this_o case_n the_o custody_n and_o wardship_n of_o the_o body_n and_o his_o marriage_n may_v not_o be_v divide_v among_o all_o the_o lord_n but_o one_o of_o they_o only_o shall_v have_v right_a unto_o it_o because_o the_o body_n of_o a_o man_n be_v entire_a and_o therefore_o the_o law_n do_v say_v that_o the_o lord_n of_o who_o some_o part_n of_o those_o land_n be_v hold_v by_o priority_n and_o by_o the_o same_o tenure_n of_o chivalry_n shall_v have_v it_o except_o the_o king_n be_v any_o of_o the_o lord_n for_o than_o though_o the_o tenant_n do_v purchase_v that_o land_n last_o yet_o after_o his_o death_n the_o king_n shall_v be_v prefer_v before_o any_o of_o the_o other_o lord_n of_o who_o the_o tenant_n do_v hold_v the_o priority_n and_o so_o shall_v the_o duke_n of_o cornwall_n in_o the_o same_o case_n have_v the_o prerogative_n if_o his_o tenant_n die_v hold_v of_o he_o but_o by_o posterity_n of_o feoffment_n for_o any_o tenure_n of_o his_o duchy_n of_o cornwall_n although_o the_o same_o duke_n be_v not_o seize_v of_o any_o particular_a estate_n whereof_o the_o reversion_n remain_v in_o the_o king_n for_o the_o prince_n be_v seize_v in_o fee_n of_o his_o dukedom_n as_o beforesaid_a john_n of_o gaunt_n the_o four_o son_n of_o king_n edward_n the_o three_o take_v to_o wife_n blanch_n daughter_n and_o heir_n of_o henry_n duke_n of_o lancaster_n who_o have_v issue_n henry_n king_n of_o england_n so_o that_o the_o say_a duchy_n of_o lancaster_n do_v come_v unto_o the_o say_v henry_n by_o descent_n from_o the_o party_n of_o his_o mother_n and_o be_v a_o subject_a he_o be_v to_o observe_v the_o common_a law_n of_o the_o realm_n in_o all_o thing_n concern_v his_o duchy_n for_o if_o he_o will_v depart_v in_o fee_n with_o any_o thereof_o he_o must_v have_v make_v livery_n and_o seisin_n or_o if_o he_o have_v make_v a_o lease_n for_o life_n reserve_v rend_v with_o a_o reentry_n for_o default_n of_o payment_n and_o the_o rent_n happen_v to_o be_v behind_o the_o duke_n may_v not_o enter_v without_o make_v his_o demand_n or_o if_o he_o have_v alienate_v any_o part_n thereof_o whilst_o he_o be_v within_o age_n he_o may_v defeat_v the_o purchaser_n for_o that_o cause_n and_o if_o he_o will_v grant_v a_o reversion_n of_o a_o estate_n for_o life_n or_o year_n in_o be_v there_o must_v also_o be_v attornment_n or_o else_o the_o grant_n do_v not_o take_v effect_n but_o after_o that_o he_o have_v depose_v king_n richard_n the_o second_o and_o do_v assume_v the_o royal_a estate_n and_o so_o have_v conjoin_v his_o natural_a body_n in_o the_o body_n politic_a of_o the_o king_n of_o this_o realm_n and_o so_o be_v become_v king_n then_o the_o possession_n of_o the_o duchy_n of_o lancaster_n be_v in_o he_o as_o king_n but_o not_o as_o duke_n which_o degree_n of_o dignity_n be_v swallow_v up_o in_o that_o of_o the_o king_n for_o the_o lesser_a must_v always_o give_v place_n to_o the_o great_a and_o likewise_o the_o name_n of_o the_o duchy_n and_o the_o franchise_n liberty_n and_o jurisdiction_n thereof_o when_o in_o the_o king_n hand_n be_v by_o the_o common_a law_n extinct_a and_o after_o that_o time_n the_o possession_n of_o the_o duchy_n of_o lancaster_n can_v not_o pass_v from_o henry_n the_o four_o by_o livery_n of_o seisin_n but_o by_o his_o letter_n patent_n under_o the_o great_a seal_n without_o livery_n of_o seisin_n and_o with_o attornment_n and_o if_o he_o make_v a_o lease_n for_o life_n be_v duke_n reserve_v a_o rent_n with_o a_o reentry_n for_o default_n of_o payment_n and_o after_o his_o assumption_n of_o the_o crown_n his_o rent_n happen_v to_o be_v unpaid_a he_o may_v re-enter_a without_o demand_n for_o the_o king_n be_v not_o bind_v to_o such_o personal_a ceremony_n as_o his_o subject_n be_v therefore_o to_o have_v the_o say_a duchy_n to_o be_v still_o a_o duchy_n with_o the_o liberty_n to_o the_o same_o as_o it_o be_v beâ—ore_o and_o to_o alter_v the_o order_n and_o degree_n of_o the_o land_n of_o the_o duchy_n from_o the_o crown_n the_o say_a king_n henry_n the_o four_o make_v a_o charter_n by_o authority_n of_o parliament_n which_o be_v entitle_v charta_fw-la regis_fw-la hen._n 4._o de_fw-la separatione_fw-la lancastriae_fw-la à _fw-la corona_fw-la authoritate_fw-la parliamenti_fw-la anno_fw-la regni_fw-la svi_fw-la primo_fw-la as_o by_o the_o tenor_n thereof_o may_v appear_v and_o so_o by_o authority_n of_o that_o parliament_n the_o say_a duchy_n with_o all_o the_o franchise_n and_o liberty_n be_v mere_o resign_v from_o the_o crown_n and_o from_o the_o minister_n and_o officer_n thereof_o and_o from_o the_o order_n to_o pass_v by_o such_o conveyance_n which_o the_o law_n do_v require_v in_o the_o possession_n of_o the_o crown_n but_o now_o the_o possession_n of_o the_o duchy_n by_o force_n of_o the_o say_a statute_n stand_v divide_v from_o the_o crown_n and_o aught_o to_o be_v demean_v and_o order_v and_o pass_v as_o they_o do_v before_o henry_n the_o four_o be_v king_n yet_o there_o be_v no_o clause_n in_o the_o charter_n which_o do_v make_v the_o person_n of_o the_o king_n who_o have_v the_o duchy_n in_o any_o other_o degree_n than_o it_o be_v before_o but_o thing_n concern_v his_o pleasure_n shall_v be_v in_o the_o same_o estate_n as_o they_o be_v before_o such_o separation_n insomuch_o as_o if_o the_o law_n before_o the_o charter_n by_o authority_n of_o parliament_n adjudge_v the_o person_n of_o the_o king_n always_o of_o full_a age_n have_v regard_n unto_o his_o gift_n as_o well_o of_o the_o land_n which_o he_o do_v inherit_v in_o the_o right_n of_o his_o crown_n or_o body_n politic_a it_o shall_v be_v so_o adjudge_v for_o the_o duchy_n land_n after_o the_o say_a statute_n for_o the_o statute_n do_v go_v and_o reach_v unto_o the_o estate_n order_n and_o condition_n of_o the_o land_n of_o the_o duchy_n but_o do_v not_o extend_v unto_o the_o person_n of_o the_o king_n who_o have_v the_o land_n in_o point_n touch_v his_o person_n neither_o do_v that_o distinguish_v or_o alter_v the_o preeminence_n which_o the_o law_n do_v give_v to_o the_o person_n of_o the_o king_n for_o if_o king_n henry_n the_o four_o after_o the_o say_a act_n have_v make_v a_o lease_n or_o other_o grant_n of_o parcel_n of_o the_o duchy_n by_o the_o name_n of_o henry_n duke_n of_o lancaster_n only_o it_o have_v be_v void_a for_o it_o shall_v have_v be_v make_v in_o the_o name_n of_o henry_n the_o four_o king_n of_o england_n and_o thus_o stand_v the_o duchy_n of_o lancaster_n sever_v from_o the_o crown_n all_o the_o reign_n of_o henry_n the_o four_o henry_n the_o five_o and_o henry_n the_o six_o be_v politic_o make_v for_o the_o uphold_v of_o the_o duchy_n of_o lancaster_n their_o true_a and_o ancient_a inheritance_n however_o the_o right_a heir_n to_o the_o crown_n may_v in_o future_a time_n obtain_v his_o right_n thereunto_o as_o it_o happen_v in_o king_n edward_n the_o four_o time_n but_o after_o the_o say_a king_n edward_n obtain_v his_o right_n unto_o the_o crown_n in_o parliament_n he_o attaint_v henry_n the_o six_o and_o appropriate_v and_o annex_v the_o say_a duchy_n again_o to_o the_o crown_n as_o by_o the_o statute_n thereof_o make_v in_o the_o first_o of_o the_o king_n reign_n
heraldry_n write_v by_o john_n guillim_n about_o fol._n 18._o that_o sister_n be_v allow_v no_o difference_n of_o badge_n in_o their_o coat-armour_n by_o reason_n that_o by_o they_o the_o name_n of_o the_o house_n can_v be_v preserve_v but_o be_v admit_v to_o the_o inheritance_n equal_o and_o be_v adjudge_v but_o one_o heir_n to_o all_o intent_n and_o purpose_n whatsoever_o and_o the_o knowledge_n of_o this_o point_n in_o these_o day_n be_v worthy_a to_o be_v inquire_v into_o for_o this_o be_v to_o be_v observe_v out_o of_o precedent_n and_o to_o be_v acknowledge_v of_o every_o dutiful_a subject_n that_o the_o king_n can_v advance_v to_o honour_n who_o he_o please_v and_o therefore_o whereas_o radulph_n cromwell_n be_v a_o baron_n by_o writ_n die_v without_o issue_n have_v two_o sister_n and_o coheir_n elizabeth_n the_o elder_a marry_v unto_o sir_n thomas_n nevil_n knight_n and_o joan_n the_o young_a marry_v to_o sir_n humphrey_n bowcher_n who_o be_v call_v to_o parliament_n as_o lord_n cromwell_n and_o not_o the_o say_a sir_n thomas_n nevil_n who_o marry_v the_o elder_a sister_n and_o hugh_n lupus_n the_o first_o and_o great_a earl_n of_o chester_n habendum_fw-la sibi_fw-la &_o haeredibus_fw-la adeo_fw-la libere_fw-la per_fw-la gladium_fw-la sicut_fw-la iple_n rex_fw-la tenuit_fw-la angliam_fw-la per_fw-la tenorem_fw-la hugh_n die_v without_o issue_n and_o the_o inheritance_n of_o his_o earldom_n be_v divide_v among_o his_o four_o sister_n and_o the_o elder_a have_v not_o the_o seignory_n entire_a unto_o herself_o if_o a_o woman_n be_v noble_a by_o birth_n or_o descent_n with_o whosoever_o she_o do_v marry_v although_o her_o husband_n be_v under_o her_o degree_n yet_o she_o do_v remain_v noble_a for_o birthright_n est_fw-fr character_n indelebilis_fw-la other_o woman_n be_v ennoble_v by_o marriage_n and_o the_o text_n say_v thus_o viz._n woman_n ennoble_v with_o the_o honour_n of_o their_o husband_n and_o with_o the_o kindred_n of_o their_o husband_n we_o worship_v they_o in_o the_o court_n we_o decree_v matter_n to_o pass_v in_o the_o name_n of_o their_o husband_n and_o into_o the_o house_n and_o surname_n of_o their_o husband_n do_v we_o translate_v they_o but_o if_o afterward_o a_o woman_n do_v marry_v with_o a_o man_n of_o a_o base_a degree_n than_o she_o lose_v her_o former_a dignity_n and_o follow_v the_o condition_n of_o her_o latter_a husband_n and_o concern_v the_o second_o disparage_v marriage_n as_o aforesaid_a many_o other_o book_n of_o the_o law_n do_v agree_v for_o these_o be_v rule_n conceive_v in_o those_o case_n si_fw-la mulier_fw-la nobilis_fw-la nupserit_fw-la ignobili_fw-la desinit_fw-la esse_fw-la nobilis_fw-la &_o eodem_fw-la modo_fw-la quo_fw-la quid_fw-la constituitur_fw-la dissolvitur_fw-la it_o be_v the_o case_n of_o ralph_n howard_n esq_n who_o take_v to_o wife_n anne_n the_o widow_n of_o the_o lord_n powes_n they_o bring_v a_o action_n against_o the_o duke_n of_o suffolk_n by_o the_o name_n of_o ralph_n howard_n esq_n and_o the_o lady_n anne_n powes_n his_o wife_n and_o exception_n be_v take_v for_o mis-naming_a of_o she_o because_o she_o ought_v to_o have_v be_v name_v of_o her_o husband_n name_n and_o not_o otherwise_o and_o the_o exception_n be_v by_o the_o court_n allow_v for_o say_v they_o by_o the_o law_n of_o god_n she_o be_v sub_fw-la potestate_fw-la viri_fw-la and_o by_o our_o law_n her_o name_n of_o dignity_n shall_v be_v change_v according_a to_o the_o degree_n of_o her_o husband_n notwithstanding_o the_o courtesy_n of_o the_o lady_n of_o honour_n and_o court_n dyer_n 79._o and_o the_o like_a be_v also_o in_o queen_n mary_n reign_n when_o the_o duchess_n of_o suffolk_n take_v to_o her_o husband_n adrian_n brook_n title_n brief_n 54._o 6._o and_o many_o other_o precedent_n have_v be_v of_o late_a time_n and_o herewith_o agree_v the_o civil_a law_n digest_v lib._n 1._o title_n q._n lege_fw-la 1._o in_o this_o case_n of_o acquire_v nobility_n by_o marriage_n if_o question_n in_o law_n be_v whereupon_o a_o issue_n be_v take_v between_o the_o party_n that_o be_v to_o say_v duchess_n be_v not_o duchess_n countess_n be_v not_o countess_n and_o baroness_n be_v not_o baroness_n the_o trial_n whereof_o shall_v not_o be_v by_o record_n as_o in_o the_o former_a case_n but_o by_o a_o jury_n of_o twelve_o man_n and_o the_o reason_n of_o the_o diversity_n be_v because_o in_o this_o case_n the_o dignity_n be_v accrue_v unto_o she_o by_o her_o marriage_n which_o the_o lawyer_n term_v matter_n in_o fact_n and_o not_o by_o any_o record_n but_o a_o noble_a woman_n by_o marriage_n though_o she_o take_v to_o her_o second_o husband_n a_o man_n of_o mean_a degree_n yet_o she_o may_v keep_v two_o chaplain_n according_a to_o the_o proviso_n in_o the_o statute_n of_o 11._o hen._n 8._o case_n 13._o for_o and_o in_o respect_n of_o the_o honour_n which_o once_o she_o have_v viz._n at_o the_o time_n of_o the_o retainer_n and_o every_o such_o chaplain_n may_v purchase_v licence_n and_o dispensation_n etc._n etc._n and_o chaplain_n may_v not_o be_v non-residents_a afterward_o and_o forasmuch_o as_o the_o retain_v of_o chaplain_n by_o lady_n of_o great_a estate_n be_v ordinary_a and_o nevertheless_o some_o question_n in_o law_n have_v be_v concern_v the_o true_a understanding_n of_o the_o say_a statute_n law_n i_o think_v it_o not_o impertinent_a to_o set_v down_o subsequent_a resolution_n of_o the_o judge_n touch_v such_o matter_n so_o long_o as_o the_o wife_n of_o a_o duke_n be_v call_v duchess_n or_o of_o a_o earl_n a_o countess_n and_o have_v the_o fruition_n of_o the_o honour_n appertain_v to_o their_o estate_n with_o kneel_v taste_v serve_v so_o long_o shall_v a_o baron_n widow_n be_v salute_v lady_n as_o be_v also_o a_o knight_n wife_n by_o the_o courtesy_n of_o england_n quamdiâ—_n matrimonium_fw-la aut_fw-la viduitas_fw-la uxoris_fw-la durant_fw-mi except_o she_o happen_v to_o clope_v with_o a_o adulterer_n for_o as_o the_o law_n of_o this_o kingdom_n do_v adjudge_v that_o a_o woman_n shall_v lose_v her_o dowry_n in_o that_o as_o unto_o land_n tenement_n and_o justice_n so_o do_v the_o law_n of_o gentry_n and_o nobleness_n give_v sentence_n against_o such_o a_o woman_n advance_v to_o title_n of_o dignity_n by_o the_o husband_n to_o be_v unworthy_a to_o enjoy_v the_o same_o when_o she_o put_v her_o husband_n out_o of_o her_o mind_n subject_n herself_o unto_o another_o if_o a_o lady_n which_o be_v marry_v come_v through_o the_o forest_n she_o shall_v not_o take_v any_o thing_n but_o a_o duchess_n marchioness_n or_o countess_n shall_v have_v advantage_n of_o the_o statute_n de_fw-fr charta_fw-la forest._n 12_o artic._n during_o the_o time_n that_o she_o be_v unmarried_a this_o be_v a_o rule_n in_o the_o civil_a law_n si_fw-mi filia_fw-la regis_fw-la nubat_fw-la alicui_fw-la duci_fw-la vel_fw-la comiti_fw-la ducetur_fw-la tamen_fw-la semper_fw-la regalis_fw-la as_o among_o noble_a woman_n there_o be_v a_o difference_n of_o degree_n so_o according_a to_o their_o distinct_a excellency_n the_o law_n do_v give_v special_a privilege_n as_o follow_v by_o the_o statute_n 25_o edw._n 3._o cap._n 1._o it_o be_v high_a treason_n to_o compass_v or_o imagine_v the_o death_n of_o the_o queen_n or_o to_o violate_v the_o king_n companion_n the_o king_n response_n be_v a_o sole_a person_n except_o by_o the_o common_a law_n and_o she_o may_v purchase_v in_o feesimple_n or_o make_v lease_n or_o grant_n with_o the_o king_n she_o may_v plead_v and_o be_v implead_v which_o no_o other_o marry_v woman_n can_v do_v without_o her_o husband_n all_o act_n of_o parliament_n for_o any_o cause_n which_o any_o way_n may_v concern_v the_o queen_n be_v such_o statute_n whereof_o the_o judge_n ought_v to_o take_v recognizance_n as_o of_o general_a statute_n though_o the_o matter_n do_v only_o concern_v the_o capacity_n of_o the_o queen_n yet_o it_o do_v also_o concern_v all_o the_o subject_n of_o the_o realm_n for_o every_o subject_a have_v interest_n in_o the_o king_n and_o none_o of_o his_o subject_n within_o his_o law_n be_v divide_v from_o the_o king_n who_o be_v head_n and_o sovereign_n so_o that_o his_o business_n concern_v all_o the_o realm_n and_o as_o the_o realm_n have_v interest_n in_o the_o king_n so_o and_o for_o the_o same_o reason_n be_v the_o queen_n be_v his_o wife_n a_o man_n seize_v of_o divers_a land_n in_o fee_n hold_v by_o knight_n service_n some_o by_o priority_n that_o be_v by_o ancient_a feoffment_n hold_v of_o other_o and_o some_o other_o part_n hold_v of_o the_o king_n in_o posteriority_n the_o king_n grant_v his_o seignory_n to_o the_o queen_n during_o her_o life_n and_o afterward_o the_o tenant_n die_v his_o son_n within_o age_n in_o this_o case_n he_o shall_v have_v the_o wardship_n of_o the_o body_n and_o have_v the_o prerogative_n even_o as_o the_o king_n himself_o shall_v have_v have_v the_o queen_n consort_n or_o dowager_n shall_v not_o be_v amerce_v if_o she_o be_v nonsuited_a
to_o the_o party_n for_o so_o it_o be_v term_v in_o brook_n title_n addition_n 44._o but_o a_o honour_n to_o the_o kingdom_n and_o therefore_o it_o have_v be_v a_o ancient_a prerogative_n of_o the_o king_n of_o this_o realm_n at_o their_o pleasure_n to_o compel_v man_n of_o worth_a to_o take_v upon_o they_o that_o degree_n upon_o payment_n of_o a_o fine_a but_o we_o see_v by_o experience_n in_o these_o day_n that_o none_o be_v compel_v thereunto_o and_o that_o be_v the_o reason_n wherefore_o if_o the_o plaintiff_n be_v knight_v have_v the_o writ_n it_o shall_v abate_v because_o he_o have_v change_v his_o name_n and_o that_o by_o his_o own_o act._n and_o for_o that_o cause_n also_o by_o the_o common_a law_n not_o only_o the_o king_n but_o every_o lord_n of_o a_o manor_n ought_v to_o have_v of_o every_o of_o his_o tenant_n a_o reasonable_a aid_n to_o make_v his_o elder_a son_n a_o knight_n and_o all_o land_n be_v subject_a to_o these_o aid_n except_o only_o ancient_a demesne_n and_o grand_a and_o petty_a serjeanty-tenure_n as_o the_o law_n have_v â—een_n ancient_o deliver_v and_o in_o io._n shelden_n 131._o where_o also_o it_o be_v say_v one_o that_o write_v a_o little_a after_o the_o statute_n of_o westminster_n the_o first_o allow_v as_o a_o good_a bar_n to_o the_o avowry_n for_o the_o tenant_n to_o plead_v that_o the_o father_n himself_o be_v no_o knight_n so_o that_o one_o not_o knight_v can_v claim_v this_o aid_n of_o his_o tenant_n briâ—an_n cap._n the_o price_n the_o aver_v and_o it_o be_v at_o the_o liberty_n of_o the_o lord_n to_o make_v more_o or_o less_o of_o his_o tenant_n by_o the_o common_a law_n in_o this_o case_n but_o by_o the_o statute_n of_o westminster_n the_o first_o chap._n 35._o it_o be_v put_v in_o contrary_a viz._n forasmuch_o as_o before_o this_o time_n reasonable_a aid_n to_o make_v one_o son_n knight_n or_o to_o marry_v his_o daughter_n be_v never_o put_v in_o certain_a nor_o how_o much_o shall_v be_v take_v nor_o at_o what_o time_n whereby_o some_o levy_v unreasonable_a aid_n and_o more_o often_o than_o seem_v necessary_a whereby_o the_o people_n be_v sore_o grieve_v it_o be_v provide_v that_o from_o henceforth_o of_o a_o whole_a knight_n fee_n there_o be_v take_v but_o twenty_o shilling_n and_o of_o twenty_o pound_n in_o land_n hold_v in_o soccage_n twenty_o shilling_n and_o of_o more_o more_o and_o of_o less_o less_o after_o that_o rate_n and_o that_o none_o shall_v levy_v such_o aid_n to_o make_v his_o son_n a_o knight_n until_o his_o son_n be_v of_o fifteen_o year_n old_a nor_o to_o marry_v his_o daughter_n until_o she_o be_v of_o the_o age_n of_o seven_o year_n and_o of_o that_o there_o shall_v be_v mention_n make_v in_o the_o king_n writ_n form_v on_o the_o same_o when_o any_o will_v demand_v it_o and_o if_o it_o happen_v that_o the_o father_n after_o he_o have_v levy_v such_o aid_n of_o his_o tenant_n die_v before_o he_o have_v marry_v his_o daughter_n the_o executor_n of_o the_o father_n shall_v be_v bind_v to_o the_o daughter_n for_o so_o much_o as_o the_o father_n receive_v for_o the_o aid_n and_o if_o the_o father_n good_n be_v not_o sufficient_a his_o heir_n shall_v be_v charge_v therewith_o unto_o the_o daughter_n and_o this_o aid_n be_v so_o incident_a that_o although_o the_o lord_n do_v confirm_v unto_o the_o tenant_n to_o hold_v by_o fealty_n and_o certain_a rent_n and_o release_v unto_o he_o all_o other_o service_n and_o demand_n yet_o shall_v he_o have_v the_o aid_n to_o make_v his_o elder_a son_n a_o knight_n but_o the_o king_n be_v not_o bind_v by_o the_o statute_n aforemention_v because_o the_o king_n be_v not_o name_v in_o the_o statute_n therefore_o by_o the_o statute_n 25_o edw._n 3._o chap._n 11._o the_o king_n aid_n be_v bring_v to_o a_o like_a value_n the_o intention_n of_o the_o law_n be_v that_o a_o heir_n until_o the_o age_n of_o one_o and_o twenty_o year_n be_v not_o able_a to_o do_v knight_n service_n but_o such_o a_o presumption_n of_o law_n do_v give_v place_n to_o a_o judgement_n of_o proof_n to_o the_o contrary_a as_o bracton_n say_v sâ—abitur_fw-la presumptioni_fw-la donec_fw-la probetur_fw-la in_o contrarium_fw-la and_o therefore_o when_o the_o king_n who_o be_v the_o sovereign_a judge_n of_o all_o chivalry_n have_v dub_v he_o a_o knight_n he_o by_o this_o have_v adjudge_v he_o able_a to_o do_v he_o knight_n service_n and_o all_o man_n be_v conclude_v to_o say_v the_o contrary_a to_o it_o and_o therefore_o such_o a_o heir_n be_v make_v a_o knight_n either_o in_o the_o life_n time_n of_o his_o father_n or_o afterward_o during_o his_o minority_n shall_v be_v out_o of_o ward_n and_o custody_n both_o for_o his_o land_n and_o body_n and_o marriage_n by_o the_o award_n of_o the_o ancient_a common_a law_n by_o reason_n also_o that_o the_o honour_n of_o knighthood_n be_v so_o great_a that_o it_o be_v not_o to_o be_v hold_v under_o by_o any_o yet_o if_o the_o king_n do_v create_v such_o a_o heir_n within_o age_n a_o duke_n marquess_z earl_n viscount_n or_o â—aron_n by_o this_o he_o shall_v not_o be_v out_o of_o ward_n and_o custody_n both_o for_o his_o land_n and_o body_n and_o therefore_o it_o be_v propound_v by_o the_o statute_n of_o magna_fw-la charta_fw-la chap._n 3._o ita_fw-la tamen_fw-la quod_fw-la si_fw-la ipse_fw-la dum_fw-la infra_fw-la aetatem_fw-la fuerit_fw-la fiat_fw-la mile_n nihilominus_fw-la terra_fw-la remaneat_fw-la in_o custodia_fw-la dominorum_fw-la suorum_fw-la so_o that_o although_o such_o a_o heir_n within_o age_n be_v make_v knight_n and_o thereby_o to_o this_o purpose_n be_v esteem_v as_o of_o full_a age_n yet_o the_o land_n shall_v remain_v in_o custody_n of_o the_o lord_n till_o his_o age_n of_o one_o and_o twenty_o year_n by_o the_o purview_n of_o the_o say_v act._n question_n if_o the_o son_n and_o heir_n of_o the_o tenant_n of_o the_o king_n by_o knight_n service_n etc._n etc._n be_v make_v knight_n in_o paris_n by_o the_o french_a king_n whether_o he_o shall_v be_v out_o of_o wardship_n after_o the_o death_n of_o his_o father_n or_o no_o for_o thereby_o he_o be_v a_o knight_n in_o england_n coke_n seven_o part_n b._n 2_o edw._n 4._o fol._n tamen_fw-la vide_fw-la in_o coke_n six_o part_n 74._o b._n mention_n be_v only_o make_v of_o knight_n make_v by_o the_o king_n himself_o or_o by_o his_o lieutenant_n in_o ireland_n but_o when_o the_o king_n do_v make_v a_o heir_n apparent_a within_o age_n of_o a_o tenant_n by_o knight_n service_n a_o knight_n in_o the_o life_n of_o his_o ancestor_n and_o after_o the_o death_n of_o his_o ancestor_n the_o say_a heir_n be_v within_o age_n shall_v in_o this_o case_n be_v out_o of_o ward_n and_o shall_v pay_v no_o value_n for_o his_o marriage_n neither_o shall_v the_o lord_n have_v the_o custody_n of_o the_o land_n for_o in_o that_o case_n by_o the_o make_n of_o he_o knight_n in_o the_o life_n of_o his_o ancestor_n he_o be_v make_v of_o full_a age_n so_o that_o when_o his_o ancestor_n die_v no_o interest_n either_o in_o the_o body_n or_o in_o the_o land_n shall_v invest_v in_o the_o lord_n but_o the_o knight_n may_v tender_v his_o livery_n as_o if_o he_o be_v of_o full_a age_n and_o in_o that_o case_n the_o king_n shall_v have_v premier_n seisin_n as_o if_o he_o have_v be_v one_o and_o twenty_o year_n of_o age_n at_o the_o time_n of_o the_o death_n of_o his_o ancestor_n and_o not_o otherwise_o for_o the_o statute_n of_o magna_fw-la charta_fw-la do_v not_o extend_v unto_o it_o for_o the_o purview_n of_o it_o do_v extend_v only_o when_o the_o heir_n in_o ward_n infra_fw-la aetatem_fw-la be_v make_v knight_n then_o remanet_fw-la terra_fw-la in_o custodia_fw-la etc._n etc._n but_o when_o the_o heir_n be_v make_v knight_n in_o the_o life_n of_o his_o ancestor_n than_o the_o custody_n can_v remain_v which_o never_o have_v any_o inception_n or_o essence_n also_o when_o the_o heir_n after_o the_o death_n of_o his_o ancestor_n within_o age_n be_v make_v knight_n if_o after_o tender_a make_v to_o he_o he_o within_o age_n do_v marry_v elsewhere_o yet_o he_o shall_v not_o pay_v the_o forfeiture_n of_o his_o marriage_n for_o by_o the_o make_v he_o knight_n he_o be_v out_o of_o ward_n and_o custody_n of_o his_o lord_n for_o than_o he_o ought_v to_o be_v svi_fw-la juris_fw-la and_o may_v employ_v himself_o in_o feat_n of_o arm_n for_o defence_n of_o the_o realm_n etc._n etc._n and_o therefore_o may_v not_o be_v within_o the_o custody_n of_o another_o and_o none_o shall_v pay_v any_o forfeiture_n but_o when_o after_o any_o refusal_n he_o do_v marry_v himself_o during_o the_o time_n when_o he_o be_v under_o the_o custody_n and_o keep_n of_o his_o lord_n and_o this_o do_v appear_v by_o the_o statute_n of_o merton_n chap._n 6._o si_fw-mi se_fw-la mariturierit_fw-la sine_fw-la licentia_fw-la
civil_a law_n must_v needs_o be_v very_o ancient_a for_o field_n nor_o fight_n can_v be_v continue_v without_o the_o law_n therefore_o it_o be_v to_o be_v presume_v it_o begin_v when_o battle_n be_v first_o fight_v in_o the_o world_n and_o the_o bear_n of_o arm_n be_v come_v to_o some_o perfection_n at_o the_o siege_n of_o troy_n for_o hector_n of_o troy_n bear_v sable_a two_o lion_n combatant_n or._n it_o be_v write_v by_o a_o ancient_a author_n call_v gesta_fw-la trojanorâ—_n â—_z that_o a_o knight_n be_v make_v before_o any_o coat-armour_n and_o how_o asterial_a who_o come_v from_o the_o line_n of_o japheth_n have_v a_o son_n name_v olibion_n who_o be_v a_o strong_a and_o mighty_a man_n and_o when_o the_o people_n multiply_v be_v without_o a_o governor_n and_o be_v war_v upon_o by_o the_o people_n of_o cham_n they_o all_o cry_v upon_o olibion_n to_o be_v their_o governor_n which_o accept_v of_o and_o man_n be_v muster_v under_o he_o his_o father_n make_v to_o his_o son_n a_o garland_n of_o nine_o divers_a precious_a stone_n in_o token_n of_o chivalry_n then_o olibion_n kneel_v down_o and_o his_o father_n take_v iapheth_n falchion_n that_o tubal_n make_v before_o the_o flood_n and_o smite_v he_o nine_o time_n on_o the_o right_a shoulder_n in_o token_n of_o the_o nine_o virtue_n of_o chivalry_n also_o asterial_a give_v to_o his_o son_n olibion_n a_o target_n make_v of_o a_o olive_n tree_n with_o three_o corner_n two_o above_o his_o face_n and_o one_o beneath_o to_o the_o ground-ward_n principle_n of_o honour_n and_o virtue_n that_o every_o gentleman_n ought_v to_o be_v endow_v with_o to_o love_n honour_n and_o fear_v god_n to_o walk_v after_o his_o commandment_n and_o to_o his_o power_n defend_v and_o maintain_v the_o christian_a religion_n to_o be_v loyal_a and_o serviceable_a to_o his_o prince_n and_o country_n to_o use_v military_a exercise_n to_o frequent_v the_o war_n and_o to_o prefer_v honour_n before_o worldly_a wealth_n to_o be_v charitable_a to_o the_o distressed_a and_o to_o support_v widow_n and_o orphan_n to_o reverence_v magistrate_n and_o those_o place_v in_o authority_n to_o cherish_v and_o encourage_v truth_n virtue_n and_o honesty_n and_o to_o eschew_v riot_n intemperance_n sloth_n and_o all_o dishonest_a recreation_n and_o company_n to_o be_v of_o a_o courteous_a gentle_a and_o affable_a deportment_n to_o all_o man_n and_o to_o detest_v pride_n and_o haughtiness_n to_o be_v of_o a_o open_a and_o liberal_a heart_n delight_v in_o hospitality_n according_a to_o the_o talon_n that_o god_n have_v blessed_v he_o with_o to_o be_v true_a and_o just_a in_o his_o word_n and_o deal_n and_o in_o all_o respect_n give_v no_o cause_n of_o offence_n of_o precedency_n the_o degree_n of_o honour_n which_o be_v in_o this_o kingdom_n observe_v and_o according_a to_o which_o they_o have_v precedency_n may_v be_v comprehend_v under_o two_o head_n viz._n nobiles_fw-la majores_fw-la and_o nobiles_fw-la minores_fw-la those_o comprehend_v under_o majores_fw-la be_v duke_n of_o the_o royal_a blood_n archbishop_n marquess_n earl_n viscount_n bishop_n and_o baron_n and_o those_o under_o minores_fw-la be_v knight_n of_o the_o garter_n â—f_n no_o otherwise_o dignify_v knight_n banneret_n baronet_n knight_n of_o the_o bath_n knight_n bachelor_n esquire_n and_o gentleman_n and_o all_o or_o most_o of_o these_o degree_n of_o honour_n be_v speculative_o distinguish_v the_o one_o from_o the_o other_o in_o their_o ensign_n or_o shield_n of_o honour_n as_o shall_v be_v show_v in_o the_o chapter_n of_o each_o particular_a degree_n touch_v place_n of_o precedency_n among_o the_o peer_n or_o those_o under_o the_o name_n of_o nobiles_fw-la majores_fw-la it_o be_v to_o be_v observe_v that_o all_o noble_n of_o each_o degree_n take_v place_n according_a to_o their_o seniority_n of_o creation_n and_o not_o of_o year_n unless_o they_o be_v descend_v of_o the_o blood_n royal_a and_o then_o they_o take_v place_n of_o all_o other_o of_o the_o same_o degree_n that_o after_o the_o king_n the_o prince_n of_o the_o blood_n viz._n the_o son_n grandson_n brother_n and_o nephew_n of_o the_o king_n take_v place_n then_o these_o great_a officer_n of_o the_o church_n and_o crown_n be_v to_o precede_v all_o other_o of_o the_o nobility_n viz._n the_o archbishop_n of_o canterbury_n the_o lord_n chancellor_n or_o lord_n keeper_n of_o the_o great_a seal_n the_o archbishop_n of_o york_n the_o lord_n treasurer_n of_o england_n the_o lord_n precedent_n of_o the_o privy_a council_n and_o the_o lord_n privy_a seal_n next_o duke_n marquess_n duke_n elder_a son_n earl_n marquess_n elder_a son_n duke_n young_a son_n viscount_n earl_n elder_a son_n marquess_n young_a son_n bishop_n baron_n viscount_v elder_a son_n earl_n young_a son_n baron_n elder_a son_n privy_a councillor_n judge_n and_o master_n of_o the_o chancery_n viscount_v young_a son_n baron_n young_a son_n knight_n of_o the_o garter_n if_o no_o otherwise_o dignify_v which_o be_v 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steward_z and_o lord_n chamberlain_z of_o his_o majesty_n household_n so_o the_o secretary_n of_o state_n if_o peer_n take_v place_n of_o all_o of_o that_o degree_n except_o these_o great_a officer_n aforesaid_a note_v that_o the_o lady_n take_v place_n or_o precedency_n according_a to_o the_o degree_n or_o quality_n of_o their_o husband_n ☞_o note_v that_o in_o a_o volume_n late_o publish_v by_o i_o entitle_v britannia_n be_v a_o description_n of_o his_o majesty_n dominion_n in_o page_n 33._o the_o precedency_n of_o the_o nobility_n and_o gentry_n be_v treat_v of_o wherein_o the_o master_n of_o the_o chancery_n be_v place_v next_o after_o sergeant_n at_o law_n which_o error_n happen_v through_o wrong_a information_n their_o right_a place_n be_v next_o after_o judge_n as_o be_v here_o set_v down_o note_v that_o it_o be_v decree_v by_o king_n james_n that_o the_o young_a son_n of_o viscount_n and_o baron_n shall_v yield_v place_n to_o all_o knight_n of_o the_o garter_n to_o all_o 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mâ—â—â—â—ties_n pass_v through_o
the_o city_n of_o london_n â—â—â—â—â—e_v his_o coronation_n which_o be_v on_o monday_n tâ—e_v 22_o the_o of_o april_n 1661._o first_o the_o duke_n of_o york_n horse_n guard_n messenger_n of_o the_o chamber_n in_o their_o coat_n with_o the_o king_n arm_n before_o and_o behind_o esquire_n to_o the_o knight_n of_o the_o bath_n in_o number_n 140._o knight_n harbinger_n and_o serjeant_n porter_n sewer_n of_o the_o chamber_n gentleman_n usher_n quarter_n waiter_n in_o cloak_n clerk_n of_o the_o chancery_n 6._o clerk_n of_o the_o signet_n 4._o clerk_n of_o the_o privy_a seal_n in_o gown_n clerk_n of_o the_o council_n 4._o in_o cloak_n clerk_n of_o the_o parliament_n 2._o clerk_n of_o the_o crown_n 2._o in_o gown_n chaplain_n have_v dignity_n 10._o in_o gown_n and_o square_a cap_n the_o king_n advocate_n the_o king_n remembrancer_n master_n of_o the_o chancery_n the_o king_n counsel_n at_o law_n 2._o in_o gown_n the_o king_n puisne_n sergeant_n 2._o the_o king_n attorney_n the_o king_n solicitor_n the_o king_n elder_a sergeant_n 2._o in_o gown_n two_o secretary_n of_o the_o french_a and_o latin_a tongue_n in_o gown_n gentleman_n usher_n daily_a waiter_n in_o cloak_n sewer_n in_o ordinary_a in_o cloak_n carver_n in_o ordinary_a in_o cloak_n cupbearer_n in_o ordinary_a in_o cloak_n esquire_n of_o the_o body_n 4._o the_o effigy_n of_o the_o right_a honorable_n heneage_n lord_n finch_n baron_n of_o daventry_n lord_n high_a chancellor_n of_o england_n &_o one_o of_o the_o lord_n of_o the_o most_o honorable_n privy_a council_n to_o king_n charles_n ye._n second_o anno_fw-la dni_fw-la 1676._o the_o effigy_n of_o the_o right_o honorable_n anthony_n earl_n of_o shaftsbury_n baron_n ashley_n of_o wimbourne_n st_n giles_n &_o ld._n cooper_n of_o pawlet_n ld._n high_a chancellor_n of_o england_n ld._n leiutenant_n of_o the_o county_n of_o dorset_n and_o â—one_n of_o the_o lord_n of_o ye._n most_o honorable_n privy_a councellâ—_n to_o king_n charles_n yâ—_z 2d._o anno_fw-la 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honoris_fw-la titulos_fw-la &_o dignitatis_fw-la so_o that_o where_o he_o have_v offend_v in_o his_o own_o person_n against_o the_o king_n in_o who_o nation_n he_o be_v per_fw-la omne_fw-la distringitur_fw-la etiam_fw-la quoad_fw-la personam_fw-la and_o the_o same_o law_n be_v of_o ambassador_n ne_fw-la occasio_fw-la daretur_fw-la delinquendi_fw-la that_o ambassador_n be_v call_v legate_n because_o they_o be_v choose_v as_o fit_a man_n out_o of_o many_o and_o their_o person_n be_v sacred_a both_o at_o home_n and_o abroad_o so_o that_o no_o man_n may_v injurious_o lay_v violent_a hand_n upon_o they_o without_o breach_n of_o the_o law_n of_o nation_n and_o much_o less_o upon_o the_o person_n of_o a_o king_n in_o a_o strange_a land_n bracton_n a_o judge_n of_o this_o realm_n in_o the_o reign_n of_o king_n henry_n the_o three_o in_o his_o first_o book_n and_o eight_o case_n say_v there_o be_v no_o respect_n of_o person_n with_o god_n but_o with_o man_n there_o be_v a_o difference_n of_o person_n viz._n the_o king_n and_o under_o he_o duke_n count_n baron_n lord_n vavasor_n and_o knight_n count_n so_o call_v because_o they_o take_v the_o name_n from_o the_o county_n or_o from_o the_o word_n sociati_fw-la who_o also_o may_v be_v term_v consules_a of_o counsel_v for_o king_n do_v associate_v such_o man_n unto_o they_o to_o govern_v the_o people_n of_o god_n ordain_v into_o great_a honour_n power_n and_o name_n where_o they_o do_v gird_v they_o with_o sword_n that_o be_v to_o say_v ringis_fw-la gladorium_fw-la upon_o this_o cause_n be_v the_o station_n and_o encamp_n of_o arm_n call_v by_o the_o roman_n castra_n of_o the_o word_n castrare_fw-la since_o they_o ought_v to_o be_v castrata_fw-la vel_fw-la casta._n in_o this_o place_n ought_v a_o good_a general_n to_o foresee_v that_o venus_n delight_v be_v as_o it_o be_v geld_v and_o cut_v off_o from_o the_o army_n so_o sir_n john_n fern_n book_n entitle_v the_o glory_n of_o generosity_n ring_n so_o call_v quasi_fw-la renes_fw-la girans_fw-la &_o circundans_fw-la for_o that_o they_o compass_v the_o reins_o of_o such_o that_o they_o may_v keep_v they_o from_o incest_n of_o luxury_n because_o the_o luxurious_a and_o incestuous_a person_n be_v abominable_a unto_o god_n the_o sword_n also_o do_v signify_v the_o defence_n of_o king_n and_o country_n and_o thus_o much_o in_o general_a of_o the_o nobility_n of_o england_n now_o follow_v a_o more_o particular_a discourse_n of_o each_o particular_a degree_n and_o first_o of_o his_o majesty_n the_o fountain_n from_o whence_o all_o these_o rivulet_n and_o swell_a stream_n of_o honour_n spring_n the_o most_o high_a and_o mighty_a monarch_n charles_n the_o second_o by_o the_o grace_n of_o god_n king_n of_o great_a britaineâ—_n france_n and_o irelandâ—_n defender_n of_o the_o faith_n &_o ca._n the_o effige_n of_o the_o most_o high_a and_o mighty_a monarch_n charles_n the_o second_o by_o the_o grace_n of_o god_n king_n of_o great_a britain_n france_n and_o ireland_n deâ—ender_v of_o the_o faith_n &_o câ—â—_n of_o the_o king_n or_o monarch_n of_o great_a britain_n chap._n ii_o monarchy_n be_v as_o ancient_a as_o man_n adam_n be_v create_v sovereign_a lord_n of_o the_o universe_n who_o office_n be_v to_o govern_v the_o whole_a world_n and_o all_o creature_n therein_o his_o posterity_n after_o his_o death_n divide_v into_o tribe_n and_o generation_n acknowledge_v no_o other_o dominion_n than_o paternity_n and_o eldership_n the_o father_n of_o nation_n be_v instead_o of_o king_n and_o the_o elder_a son_n in_o every_o family_n be_v reverence_v as_o prince_n from_o whence_o come_v the_o word_n signior_n among_o the_o italian_n and_o french_a and_o seignory_n for_o lordship_n and_o dominion_n of_o which_o seneca_n make_v two_o kind_n viz._n potestas_fw-la aut_fw-la imperium_fw-la power_n to_o command_n &_o proprietas_fw-la aut_fw-la dominium_fw-la property_n or_o dominion_n these_o empire_n in_o the_o golden_a age_n be_v found_v upon_o natural_a reverency_n and_o piety_n their_o power_n be_v execute_v with_o the_o soft_a weapon_n of_o paternal_a persuasion_n and_o the_o great_a penalty_n that_o they_o inflict_v upon_o the_o most_o capital_a criminal_n be_v the_o malediction_n of_o their_o primogenitor_n with_o a_o excommunication_n out_o of_o the_o tribe_n but_o as_o man_n and_o vice_n begin_v to_o increase_v pride_n and_o evil_a example_n overshadow_a filial_a obedience_n and_o violence_n enter_v upon_o the_o stage_n of_o the_o world_n the_o mighty_a man_n truâ—ling_v in_o their_o own_o strength_n oppress_v the_o feeble_n and_o be_v at_o length_n force_v to_o truckle_n under_o the_o tyranny_n of_o other_o more_o gygantick_a than_o themselves_o which_o necessitate_v they_o to_o submit_v to_o government_n for_o self-preservation_n many_o household_n conjoin_v make_v a_o village_n many_o village_n a_o city_n and_o these_o city_n and_o citizen_n confederate_v establish_v law_n by_o consent_n which_o in_o tract_n of_o time_n be_v call_v commonwealth_n some_o be_v govern_v by_o king_n some_o by_o magistrate_n and_o some_o so_o unfortunate_a as_o to_o fall_v under_o the_o yoke_n of_o a_o popular_a rule_n nam_fw-la plebs_fw-la est_fw-la pessimus_fw-la tyrannus_n the_o first_o chief_n or_o king_n be_v man_n of_o virtue_n elect_v for_o their_o wisdom_n and_o courage_n be_v both_o reges_a &_o deuce_n to_o govern_v according_a to_o their_o law_n in_o peace_n and_o to_o lead_v they_o forth_o to_o battle_n against_o their_o enemy_n in_o time_n of_o hostility_n and_o this_o rule_n prove_v more_o safe_a for_o the_o people_n honourable_a among_o man_n and_o â—â—rm_n in_o itself_o than_o the_o other_o most_o nation_n follow_v it_o approve_v the_o sentence_n of_o tacitus_n prâ—stat_fw-la sub_fw-la principo_fw-la â—alo_fw-la esse_fw-la quam_fw-la nulle_fw-la lamentable_a experience_n the_o mistress_n of_o fool_n in_o some_o and_o of_o wisdom_n in_o other_o in_o the_o age_n sequent_a necessitate_v they_o again_o to_o quit_v the_o â—orm_n of_o election_n and_o to_o entail_v the_o sovereign_a power_n in_o the_o hereditary_a loin_n of_o their_o king_n to_o prevent_v the_o fatal_a consequence_n of_o ambition_n among_o equal_a pretender_n in_o popular_a election_n thus_o the_o beginning_n of_o a_o empire_n be_v ascribe_v to_o reason_n and_o necessity_n â—ut_fw-la it_o be_v god_fw-we himself_o that_o illuminate_v the_o mind_n of_o man_n and_o let_v they_o see_v they_o can_v not_o subsist_v without_o a_o supreme_a in_o their_o human_a affair_n necessitas_fw-la â—st_fw-la firmum_fw-la judicium_fw-la &_o immutabilis_fw-la providentiae_fw-la potestas_fw-la this_o island_n of_o great_a britain_n when_o barbarism_n be_v so_o happy_a as_o to_o submit_v to_o a_o regal_a power_n as_o caesar_n in_o his_o commentary_n witness_v then_o divide_v into_o many_o kingdom_n under_o which_o government_n of_o king_n with_o some_o small_a alteration_n according_a to_o the_o necessity_n of_o time_n and_o pleasure_n of_o conqueror_n it_o have_v flourish_v descend_v from_o the_o british_a saxon_a danish_a norman_a and_o
of_o nature_n which_o he_o have_v vouchsafe_v unto_o we_o because_o in_o truth_n in_o the_o succession_n of_o child_n a_o mortal_a man_n be_v make_v as_o it_o be_v immortal_a neither_o unto_o any_o mortal_a man_n at_o leastwise_o unto_o prince_n not_o acknowledge_v superior_n can_v any_o thing_n happen_v in_o worldly_a cause_n more_o happy_a and_o acceptable_a than_o that_o their_o child_n shall_v become_v notable_a in_o all_o virtuous_a goodness_n manner_n and_o increase_v of_o dignity_n so_o as_o they_o which_o excel_v other_o man_n in_o nobleness_n and_o dignity_n endowment_n of_o nature_n may_v not_o be_v think_v of_o other_o to_o be_v exceed_v hence_o it_o be_v that_o we_o that_o great_a goodness_n of_o god_n which_o be_v show_v unto_o we_o in_o our_o felicity_n not_o to_o pass_v in_o silence_n or_o to_o be_v think_v not_o to_o satisfy_v the_o law_n of_o nature_n whereby_o we_o be_v chief_o provoke_v to_o be_v well_o affect_v and_o liberal_a to_o those_o in_o who_o we_o behold_v our_o blood_n to_o begin_v to_o flourish_v covet_v with_o great_a and_o fatherly_a affection_n that_o the_o perpetual_a memory_n of_o our_o blood_n with_o honour_n and_o increase_v of_o dignity_n and_o all_o praise_n may_v be_v affect_v our_o well_o belove_a son_n charles_n duke_z of_o albony_n marquis_n of_o ormond_n count_n of_o ross_n and_o lord_n of_o ardmannoth_n our_o second_o beget_v son_n in_o who_o the_o regal_a form_n and_o beauty_n worthy_a honour_n and_o other_o gift_n of_o virtue_n do_v now_o in_o the_o best_a hope_n shine_v in_o his_o tender_a year_n we_o erect_v create_v make_v and_o ordain_v and_o to_o he_o the_o name_n style_n state_n title_n and_o dignity_n and_o authority_n and_o honour_n of_o the_o duke_n of_o york_n do_v give_v to_o he_o that_o name_v with_o the_o honour_n to_o the_o same_o belong_v and_o annex_v by_o the_o gird_v of_o the_o sword_n cap_n and_o cirtlet_n of_o gold_n put_v upon_o his_o head_n and_o the_o delivery_n of_o a_o golden_a verge_n we_o do_v real_o invest_v to_o have_v and_o to_o hold_v the_o same_o name_n style_n state_n dignity_n authority_n and_o honour_n of_o the_o duke_n of_o york_n unto_o the_o aforesaid_a charles_n our_o second_o beget_v son_n and_o to_o the_o heir_n male_a of_o his_o body_n lawful_o beget_v for_o ever_o and_o that_o the_o aforesaid_a charles_n our_o second_o beget_v son_n according_a to_o the_o decency_n and_o state_n of_o the_o say_a name_n of_o duke_n of_o york_n may_v more_o honourable_o carry_v himself_o we_o have_v give_v and_o grant_v and_o by_o this_o our_o present_a charter_n we_o confirm_v for_o we_o and_o our_o heir_n unto_o the_o aforesaid_a duke_n and_o his_o heir_n for_o ever_o out_o of_o farm_n issue_n profit_n and_o other_o commodity_n whatsoever_o come_v out_o of_o the_o county_n of_o york_n by_o the_o hand_n of_o the_o sheriff_n of_o the_o say_a county_n for_o the_o time_n be_v at_o the_o time_n of_o easter_n and_o michaelmas_n by_o even_a portion_n for_o that_o express_a mention_n of_o other_o gift_n and_o grant_n by_o we_o unto_o the_o say_a duke_n before_o time_n make_v in_o these_o present_n do_v not_o appear_v notwithstanding_o these_o be_v witness_n the_o most_o excellent_a and_o most_o belove_a henry_n our_o firstbegotten_a son_n ulrick_n duke_n of_o hellet_n brother_n of_o the_o queen_n our_o belove_a wife_n and_o the_o reverend_a father_n in_o christ_n richard_n archbishop_n of_o canterbury_n primate_n and_o metropolitan_a of_o all_o england_n and_o also_o our_o belove_a and_o faithful_a counsellor_n thomas_n lord_n elsmere_n our_o chancellor_n of_o england_n thomas_z earl_n of_o suffolk_z chamberlain_z of_o our_o household_n and_o our_o dear_a cousin_n thomas_n earl_n of_o arundel_n our_o well-beloved_a cousin_n and_o counsellor_n henry_n earl_n of_o northumberland_n edward_z earl_n of_o worcester_z master_n of_o our_o horse_n george_n earl_n of_o cumberland_n and_o also_o our_o well-beloved_a cousin_n henry_n earl_n of_o southampton_n william_n earl_n of_o pembroke_n and_o also_o our_o well-beloved_a cousin_n and_o counsellor_n charles_n earl_n of_o devonshire_n master_n of_o our_o ordinance_n henry_n earl_n of_o northampton_n warden_n of_o the_o cinque_fw-fr port_n john_n earl_n of_o warwick_n robert_n viscount_n cranborne_n our_o principal_a secretary_n and_o our_o well-beloved_a and_o faithful_a counsellor_n edward_n lord_n zouch_n precedent_n of_o our_o council_n within_o the_o principality_n and_o march_n of_o wales_n and_o also_o our_o well-beloved_a and_o trusty_a robert_n lord_n willoughby_n of_o eresby_n william_n lord_n mounteagle_n grace_n lord_n chandois_n william_n lord_n compton_n francis_n lord_n norris_n robert_n lord_n sidney_n our_o well-beloved_a and_o faithful_a counsellor_n william_n lord_n knowles_n treasurer_n of_o our_o household_n and_o our_o well-beloved_a and_o faithful_a counsellor_n george_n dunbar_n lord_n of_o barwick_n chancellor_n of_o our_o exchequer_n edward_n bruce_n of_o kinloss_n master_n of_o the_o roll_n of_o our_o chancery_n and_o also_o our_o well-beloved_a and_o faithful_a thomas_n eareskine_n of_o birketon_n captain_n of_o our_o guard_n james_n lord_n barmermoth_n and_o other_o give_v by_o our_o hand_n at_o our_o palace_n at_o westminster_n in_o the_o second_o year_n of_o our_o reign_n of_o england_n etc._n etc._n king_n edward_n the_o three_o in_o the_o three_o year_n of_o his_o reign_n by_o his_o charter_n in_o parliament_n and_o by_o authority_n of_o parliament_n do_v create_v edward_n his_o elder_a son_n call_v the_o black_a prince_n duke_n of_o cornwall_n not_o only_o in_o title_n but_o cum_fw-la feodo_fw-la with_o the_o duchy_n of_o cornwall_n as_o by_o the_o letter_n patent_n may_v appear_v in_o coke_n eight_o part_n in_o the_o plead_n habendum_fw-la &_o tenendum_fw-la eidem_fw-la duci_fw-la &_o ipsius_fw-la &_o haeredum_fw-la suorum_fw-la regum_fw-la angliae_fw-la filiis_fw-la primogenitis_fw-la &_o dicti_fw-la loci_fw-la ducibus_fw-la in_fw-la regno_fw-la angliae_fw-la ei_fw-la haereditarie_a successuris_fw-la so_o that_o he_o who_o be_v hereditable_a must_v be_v heir_n apparent_a to_o the_o king_n of_o england_n and_o of_o such_o a_o king_n who_o be_v heir_n to_o the_o say_a prince_n edward_n and_o such_o a_o one_o shall_v inherit_v the_o say_a dukedom_n which_o manner_n of_o limitation_n of_o estate_n be_v short_a and_o excellent_a vary_v from_o the_o ordinary_a rule_n of_o the_o common_a law_n touch_v the_o frame_n of_o any_o estate_n of_o inheritance_n in_o fee-simple_n or_o fee-tayl_n and_o nevertheless_o by_o the_o authority_n of_o parliament_n a_o special_a fee-simple_n be_v in_o that_o case_n only_o make_v as_o by_o judgement_n may_v appear_v in_o the_o book_n aforesaid_a fol._n 27._o and_o 27_o ed._n 3.41_o b._n and_o ever_o since_o that_o creation_n the_o say_a dukedom_n of_o cornwall_n have_v be_v the_o peculiar_a inheritance_n of_o the_o king_n be_v elder_a son_n during_o the_o life_n of_o the_o king_n his_o father_n so_o that_o he_o be_v ever_o dux_n natus_fw-la non_fw-la creatus_fw-la and_o the_o duke_n at_o the_o very_a time_n of_o his_o birth_n be_v take_v to_o be_v of_o full_a and_o perfect_a age_n so_o that_o he_o may_v send_v that_o day_n for_o his_o livery_n of_o the_o say_a dukedom_n and_o the_o say_v black_a prince_n be_v the_o first_o duke_n of_o england_n after_o the_o conquest_n for_o though_o bracton_n who_o make_v his_o book_n in_o the_o reign_n of_o king_n henry_n the_o three_o sai_z &_o sunt_fw-la sub_fw-la rege_fw-la deuce_n as_o appear_v that_o place_n be_v to_o be_v understand_v of_o the_o ancient_a king_n before_o the_o conquest_n for_o in_o magna_fw-la charta_fw-la which_o be_v make_v in_o the_o nine_o of_o king_n henry_n the_o three_o we_o find_v not_o the_o name_n duke_n among_o the_o peer_n and_o noble_n there_o mention_v for_o see_v the_o norman_a king_n themselves_o be_v duke_n of_o normandy_n for_o a_o great_a while_n they_o adorn_v none_o with_o this_o honour_n and_o the_o elder_a son_n of_o every_o king_n after_o his_o creation_n be_v duke_n of_o cornwall_n as_o for_o example_n henry_n of_o monmouth_n elder_a son_n of_o king_n henry_n the_o four_o henry_n of_o windsor_n elder_a son_n of_o king_n henry_n the_o five_o edward_z of_o westminster_n elder_a son_n of_o king_n edward_n the_o four_o arthur_n of_o winchester_n elder_a son_n of_o king_n henry_n the_o seven_o and_o edward_n of_o hampton_n first_o son_n of_o king_n henry_n the_o eight_o but_o richard_n of_o bordeaux_n who_o be_v the_o first_o son_n of_o edward_n the_o black_a prince_n be_v not_o duke_n of_o cornwall_n by_o force_n of_o the_o say_a creation_n for_o albeit_o after_o the_o death_n of_o his_o father_n he_o be_v heir_n apparent_a to_o the_o crown_n yet_o because_o he_o be_v not_o the_o firstbegotten_a son_n of_o a_o king_n for_o his_o father_n die_v in_o the_o life_n of_o king_n edward_n the_o three_o the_o say_a richard_n be_v not_o within_o the_o limitation_n of_o the_o grant_n and_o creation_n by_o
it_o do_v appear_v by_o which_o statute_n three_o thing_n be_v ordain_v first_o the_o county_n palatine_n of_o lancaster_n be_v again_o establish_v second_o he_o do_v invest_v it_o in_o the_o body_n politic_a of_o the_o king_n be_v of_o this_o realm_n and_o three_o he_o do_v divide_v it_o from_o the_o order_n of_o the_o crown_n land_n and_o in_o this_o form_n it_o continue_v until_o henry_n the_o seven_o who_o forthwith_o be_v descend_v from_o the_o house_n of_o lancaster_n do_v separate_v it_o only_o in_o order_n and_o government_n from_o the_o crown_n and_o so_o it_o continue_v at_o this_o day_n ceremony_n to_o be_v observe_v in_o the_o creation_n of_o a_o duke_n at_o the_o creation_n of_o a_o duke_n he_o must_v have_v on_o he_o his_o surcoat_n and_o hood_n and_o shall_v be_v lead_v between_o two_o duke_n if_o there_o be_v any_o present_a if_o not_o a_o marquis_n or_o two_o and_o for_o want_v of_o either_o a_o earl_n somewhat_o before_o he_o on_o the_o right_a hand_n shall_v go_v on_o earl_n which_o shall_v bear_v a_o cap_n of_o estate_n with_o the_o coronet_n in_o it_o and_o on_o the_o other_o side_n shall_v also_o go_v a_o earl_n which_o shall_v bear_v the_o golden_a rod_n and_o before_o the_o duke_n that_o be_v to_o be_v create_v shall_v go_v a_o marquis_n or_o one_o of_o the_o great_a estate_n to_o bear_v the_o sword_n and_o before_o he_o a_o earl_n to_o bear_v the_o mantle_n or_o robe_n of_o estate_n lie_v on_o his_o arms._n and_o all_o these_o noble_n that_o do_v service_n must_v be_v in_o their_o robe_n of_o estate_n his_o title_n be_v proclaim_v twice_o and_o the_o largess_n thrice_o the_o effigy_n of_o the_o most_o noble_a charles_n paulet_n marquis_n of_o winchester_z earl_n of_o wiltsh_n and_o baron_n st._n john_n of_o basin_n &ct._o &ct._o r._n white_a sculp_v the_o most_o honorable_n charles_n paulet_n marâ—quess_n of_o minchester_n earl_n of_o miltshire_n baron_n st_n john_n of_o basin_n &_o â—_o the_o most_o honorable_n henry_n somersetâ—_n marquis_n &_o earl_n of_o worcester_n ld._n herâ—ert_n baron_n of_o chipstom_n raglan_n &_o gomer_n ld._n president_n â—_o ldâ—_n lieutenant_n of_o wales_n and_o the_o march_n l_o d_o lieutenant_n of_o 〈◊〉_d county_n of_o gloucester_n hereford_n &_o monmouth_n &_o of_o the_o 〈◊〉_d &_o county_n of_o bristol_n knight_n of_o the_o most_o noble_a order_n of_o the_o gâ—â—teâ—_n &_o one_o of_o the_o lord_n of_o his_o majesty_n most_o honorable_n privy_a councâ—llâ—_n the_o most_o hono_fw-la rble_o henry_n rerrepont_n marquess_n of_o dorchester_n earl_n of_o kingston_n upon_o hullâ—_n viscount_n nemarke_n ld._n rerrepont_n maunvers_n &_o herris_n &_o one_o of_o the_o lord_n of_o his_o majesty_n most_o honorbleâ—_n privy_a council_n &_o câ—_n of_o marquess_n chap._n v._n a_o marquis_n which_o by_o the_o saxon_n be_v call_v marken-reve_a and_o signify_v a_o governor_n or_o ruler_n of_o the_o march_n have_v the_o next_o place_n of_o honour_n to_o a_o duke_n this_o title_n come_v to_o we_o but_o of_o late_a day_n for_o the_o first_o be_v robert_n vere_n who_o be_v create_v marquis_n of_o dublin_n by_o king_n richard_n the_o second_o and_o from_o that_o time_n it_o become_v to_o be_v a_o title_n of_o honour_n for_o in_o former_a time_n those_o that_o govern_v the_o march_n be_v common_o call_v lord_n marcher_n and_o not_o marquess_n after_o the_o norman_n have_v conquer_v this_o land_n it_o be_v by_o they_o careful_o observe_v as_o a_o matter_n of_o great_a moment_n to_o place_n upon_o the_o confine_n and_o border_n of_o the_o britain_n and_o those_o not_o then_o subdue_v man_n of_o much_o valour_n such_o that_o be_v not_o only_o sufficient_a to_o encounter_v the_o inroad_n and_o invasion_n of_o the_o enemy_n but_o also_o ready_a upon_o all_o occasion_n to_o make_v onset_n upon_o they_o for_o the_o enlarge_n their_o conquest_n these_o man_n thus_o place_v be_v of_o high_a blood_n and_o reputation_n among_o their_o countryman_n the_o norman_n and_o in_o who_o faith_n the_o conqueror_n repose_v special_a trust_n and_o confidence_n and_o therefore_o in_o their_o territory_n give_v unto_o they_o to_o hold_v their_o tenor_n be_v devise_v to_o be_v very_o special_a and_o of_o great_a importance_n and_o honour_n enrich_v with_o name_n and_o privilege_n of_o earl_n of_o chester_n and_o so_o the_o north-border_n of_o wales_n create_v to_o a_o county_n palatine_n and_o the_o baron_n of_o the_o middle_a part_n of_o the_o south_n march_n be_v adorn_v in_o a_o manner_n with_o a_o palatine_a jurisdiction_n have_v a_o court_n of_o chancery_n and_o writ_n only_o among_o themselves_o pleadable_a to_o the_o intent_n that_o their_o attendance_n may_v not_o thence_o be_v draw_v for_o the_o prosecute_n of_o controversy_n or_o quarrel_n in_o the_o law_n and_o as_o for_o the_o other_o part_n of_o the_o south_n march_n they_o seem_v to_o be_v sufficient_o fence_v with_o the_o river_n severn_n and_o the_o sea_n a_o marquis_n be_v create_v per_fw-la gladii_fw-la cincturam_fw-la &_o circuli_fw-la aurei_fw-la svo_fw-la capiti_fw-la positionem_fw-la he_o be_v honour_v with_o a_o coronet_n of_o gold_n which_o be_v part_n flower_v and_o part_v piramidall_a with_o the_o point_n and_o flower_n or_o leave_v of_o a_o equal_a height_n his_o mantle_n be_v double_v ermine_n which_o be_v of_o three_o doubling_n and_o a_o half_a whereas_o the_o mantle_n of_o a_o earl_n be_v but_o of_o three_o and_o the_o doubling_n of_o a_o viscount_n mantle_n be_v but_o two_o and_o a_o half_a which_o be_v only_o plain_a white_a fur_n without_o ermine_n as_o be_v the_o baron_n which_o be_v but_o of_o two_o doubling_n the_o form_n of_o their_o patent_n which_o at_o their_o creation_n be_v deliver_v into_o their_o hand_n be_v various_a but_o of_o late_a â—tis_o regulate_v to_o the_o method_n of_o those_o of_o other_o degree_n and_o the_o ceremony_n the_o same_o this_o honour_n be_v hereditary_a and_o the_o elder_a son_n by_o the_o courtesy_n of_o the_o land_n be_v call_v earl_n or_o lord_n of_o a_o place_n and_o the_o young_a son_n only_a lord_n john_n lord_n thomas_n or_o the_o like_a he_o have_v the_o title_n of_o most_o noble_a most_o honourable_a and_o potent_a prince_n and_o may_v have_v his_o cloth_n of_o estate_n reach_v within_o a_o yard_n of_o the_o ground_n the_o king_n or_o a_o duke_n not_o be_v present_a and_o his_o marchioness_n may_v have_v her_o train_n bear_v up_o by_o a_o knight_n lady_n in_o her_o own_o house_n but_o not_o in_o a_o duchess_n presence_n a_o marquess_n elder_a son_n be_v bear_v a_o earl_n and_o shall_v go_v as_o a_o earl_n and_o have_v his_o essay_n in_o a_o earl_n presence_n and_o wear_v as_o many_o powdring_n as_o a_o earl_n but_o shall_v give_v place_n to_o a_o earl_n and_o his_o wife_n shall_v go_v beneath_o a_o countess_n and_o abouâ—_o all_o marquess_n daughter_n who_o be_v bear_v lady_n and_o the_o elder_a a_o countess_n but_o shall_v go_v beneath_o a_o countess_n at_o the_o creation_n of_o a_o marquis_n he_o must_v have_v on_o he_o his_o surcoat_n and_o hood_n and_o be_v lead_v by_o a_o duke_n or_o marquis_n the_o sword_n and_o cap_n to_o be_v bear_v by_o earl_n he_o must_v go_v after_o his_o creation_n not_o after_o his_o marquisite_a and_o the_o marchioness_n his_o wife_n according_a to_o the_o same_o the_o effigy_n of_o the_o right_a honorable_n charles_n beauclaire_n baron_n of_o heddington_n &_o earl_n of_o burford_n and_o of_o ye._n rt._n honorable_n james_n ld._n beauclaire_n brother_n and_o heir_n to_o ye._n right_a honorable_n charles_n earl_n of_o burford_n the_o rt._n honorable_n aubrey_n vere_n earl_n of_o oxfordâ—_n baron_fw-fr bulbeck_n sandford_n &_o badlefinere_v kt._n of_o the_o garter_n l_o leiutenant_n wth_o his_o grace_n the_o duke_n of_o â—â—â—â—marle_n of_o essex_n &_o one_o of_o he_o maâ—ysâ—_n most_o hon_z privy_a council_n &c_n &c_n a._n the_o right_a honourable_a charles_n talbot_n earl_n of_o shrewsbury_n baron_fw-fr talbot_n strange_a of_o blackmere_n gifford_n of_o brimshelâ—_n purnivullâ—_n verdon_n &_o lovetoâ—_n the_o right_a honourable_a anthony_n grey_n earl_n of_o kent_n baron_n grey_n of_o ruthin_n hasting_n and_o valance_n 〈◊〉_d right_a honorable_n william_n stanley_n earleâ—_n of_o derâ—â—_n lord_n stanley_n &c_n &c_n strange_a of_o knock_v viscount_n kintâ—â—_n baron_n of_o weâ—â—on_n l_o â—_o mobâ—n_v burnet_n basset_n &_o lacy._n l_o â—_o lieutenant_n of_o lancâ—shire_n &_o â—_o cheshire_n and_o admiral_n of_o the_o sea_n theirâ—_n belong_v chamberlain_z of_o châ—ster_n &_o â—_o l_o â—_o of_o man_n as_o of_o the_o isle_n &c_n &c_n a._n the_o right_a honorable_n john_n manor_n earl_n of_o rutland_n baron_n ross_n of_o hamlack_o trushut_n and_o belvior_fw-la and_o lord_n lieutenant_n of_o leicestershire_n the_o right_a honorable_n theophilus_n earl_n of_o huntingdon_n l_o d_o hastings_z of_o hastings_z hungerford_n homet_n botreaux_n moule_n moulins_n &_o peâ—erell_n
of_o the_o most_o noble_a order_n of_o the_o garter_n &c_n &c_n â—_o the_o right_a reverend_a father_n in_o god_n henry_n compton_n by_o divine_a permission_n lord_n bishop_n of_o london_n deane_n of_o his_o majesty_n chappel_n and_o one_o of_o the_o lord_n of_o his_o most_o honorable_n privy_a council_n brother_n to_o the_o rt._n honorable_n james_n earl_n of_o northampton_fw-fr the_o right_a reverend_a father_n in_o god_n nathaniel_n crew_n by_o divine_a permission_n lord_n bishop_n of_o durham_n clerk_n of_o the_o closet_n to_o his_o majesty_n and_o one_o of_o the_o lord_n of_o his_o most_o honorable_n privy_a council_n son_n to_o the_o rt._n honorable_n john_n ld._n crew_n baron_n of_o steane_n the_o right_a reverend_a father_n in_o god_n john_n pearson_n by_o divine_a permission_n lord_n bishop_n of_o chester_n the_o right_a reverend_a father_n in_o god_n peter_n gunning_n by_o divine_a permission_n lord_n bishop_n of_o ely_n of_o the_o lord_n spiritual_a chap._n viii_o according_a to_o the_o law_n and_o custom_n of_o this_o realm_n many_o be_v the_o ecclesiastical_a dignity_n and_o privilege_n belong_v to_o the_o bishop_n and_o clergyman_n who_o in_o all_o succeed_a age_n have_v be_v reverence_v with_o the_o great_a observance_n imaginable_a as_o be_v acknowlede_v by_o all_o good_a christian_n to_o be_v those_o messenger_n send_v and_o particular_o appoint_v by_o god_n to_o take_v care_n of_o our_o soul_n the_o subject_n of_o england_n be_v either_o clergy_n or_o layman_n both_o which_o be_v subdivide_v into_o nobility_n and_o commons_o thus_o we_o find_v in_o our_o parliament_n the_o lord_n spiritual_a and_o temporal_a make_v the_o upper_a house_n the_o commons_o spiritual_a viz._n the_o clergy_n elect_v to_o sit_v in_o convocation_n who_o once_o have_v place_n and_o suffrage_n in_o the_o low_a house_n of_o parliament_n and_o the_o commons_o temporal_a viz._n the_o knight_n and_o burgess_n make_v the_o commons_o most_o evident_a it_o be_v by_o the_o consent_n of_o all_o the_o council_n father_n history_n and_o universal_a tradition_n that_o for_o the_o first_o fifteen_o hundred_o year_n continuance_n of_o christianity_n there_o be_v no_o example_n to_o be_v find_v of_o any_o church_n govern_v by_o any_o authority_n ecclesiastic_a but_o that_o of_o episcopacy_n they_o be_v ordain_v by_o the_o apostle_n themselves_o to_o be_v their_o successor_n in_o christ_n church_n to_o have_v a_o vigilant_a eye_n over_o the_o pastor_n and_o teacher_n under_o they_o as_o to_o their_o life_n and_o doctrine_n for_o the_o preservation_n of_o truth_n and_o peace_n the_o prevention_n of_o scandal_n suppression_n of_o heresy_n and_o schism_n and_o to_o have_v a_o care_n of_o their_o flock_n to_o bring_v they_o to_o salvation_n it_o be_v not_o therefore_o without_o reason_n that_o in_o all_o time_n they_o have_v be_v the_o first_o of_o the_o two_o division_n of_o the_o people_n the_o clergy_n and_o laity_n and_o as_o spiritual_a baron_n take_v place_n of_o temporal_a they_o take_v their_o name_n from_o the_o saxon_a word_n biscoep_n a_o superintendent_a or_o overseer_n they_o be_v three_o way_n baron_n of_o the_o realm_n viz._n by_o writ_n patent_n and_o consecration_n they_o precede_v all_o under_o the_o degree_n of_o viscount_n and_o be_v always_o place_v upon_o the_o king_n be_v right_a hand_n in_o the_o parliament_n house_n they_o have_v the_o title_n of_o lord_n and_o right_o reverend_a father_n in_o god_n and_o their_o see_v by_o the_o piety_n of_o former_a time_n be_v endow_v with_o fair_a revenue_n for_o the_o due_a administration_n of_o what_o belong_v to_o their_o place_n and_o to_o keep_v they_o from_o corrupt_a and_o sinister_a affection_n the_o king_n be_v most_o noble_a progenitor_n and_o the_o ancestor_n of_o the_o nobility_n and_o gentry_n have_v sufficient_o endow_v the_o church_n with_o honour_n and_o possession_n many_o privilege_n and_o immunity_n be_v likewise_o grant_v to_o they_o and_o the_o clergy_n by_o the_o saxon_a and_o danish_a king_n as_o coin_v of_o money_n confer_v the_o order_n of_o knighthood_n etc._n etc._n which_o have_v be_v long_o since_o appropriate_v to_o the_o crown_n thus_o laufranck_n archbishop_n of_o canterbury_n make_v william_n the_o second_o knight_n in_o the_o life_n time_n of_o his_o father_n of_o privilege_n remain_v some_o belong_v to_o to_o the_o archbishop_n some_o to_o the_o bishop_n as_o they_o be_v so_o and_o some_o to_o they_o and_o all_o other_o of_o the_o clergy_n we_o read_v of_o three_o archbishopric_n in_o england_n before_o the_o saxon_n come_v among_o we_o viz._n that_o of_o london_n york_z and_o carleon_n upon_o vske_n but_o christianity_n be_v thence_o expel_v by_o the_o pagan_n the_o succession_n of_o those_o see_v cease_v till_o it_o please_v god_n to_o restore_v the_o light_n of_o his_o gospel_n to_o the_o blind_a saxon_n which_o in_o this_o kingdom_n have_v plant_v themselves_o by_o the_o ministration_n of_o st._n augustin_n who_o first_o preach_v salvation_n to_o they_o at_o canterbury_n and_o be_v there_o bury_v for_o who_o sake_n they_o remove_v the_o episcopal_n see_v from_o london_n unto_o canterbury_n and_o in_o process_n of_o time_n place_v another_o archbishop_n at_o â—ork_n which_o two_o province_n include_v england_n and_o wales_n and_o have_v five_o and_o twenty_o bishop_n under_o they_o six_o and_o twenty_o dean_n of_o cathedral_n and_o collegiate_n church_n sixty_o arch-deacon_n five_o hundred_o forty_o four_o prebendary_n many_o rural_a dean_n and_o about_o ten_o thousand_o rector_n and_o vicar_n of_o parish_n the_o archbishop_n of_o canterbury_n be_v ancient_o the_o metropolitan_a of_o england_n scotland_n ireland_n and_o the_o isle_n adjacent_a and_o be_v therefore_o sometime_o style_v a_o patriarch_n and_o have_v several_a archbishop_n under_o he_o his_o style_n be_v alterius_fw-la orbis_fw-la papa_n &_o orbis_fw-la britannici_fw-la pontifex_fw-la the_o date_n of_o record_n in_o ecclesiastical_a affair_n run_v thus_o anno_fw-la pontificatus_fw-la nostri_fw-la primo_fw-la etc._n etc._n he_o be_v legatus_fw-la natus_fw-la which_o power_n be_v annex_v to_o that_o see_v near_o one_o thousand_o year_n ago_o whereby_o no_o other_o legate_n or_o nuntio_n from_o rome_n can_v exercise_v any_o legantive_a power_n without_o the_o king_n be_v special_a licence_n in_o general_a council_n he_o have_v place_n before_o all_o other_o archbishop_n at_o the_o pope_n right_a foot_n nor_o be_v he_o respect_v less_o at_o home_n than_o abroad_o be_v according_a to_o the_o practice_n of_o most_o other_o christian_a state_n repute_v the_o second_o person_n in_o the_o kingdom_n and_o name_v and_o rank_v before_o the_o prince_n of_o the_o blood_n by_o the_o favour_n of_o our_o present_a king_n he_o still_o enjoy_v divers_a considerable_a preeminence_n as_o primate_n and_o metropolitan_a of_o all_o england_n have_v power_n to_o summon_v the_o archbishop_n of_o york_n and_o the_o bishop_n of_o his_o province_n to_o a_o national_a synod_n be_v primus_fw-la par_fw-fr regni_fw-la precede_v not_o only_a duke_n but_o all_o the_o great_a officer_n of_o the_o crown_n next_o to_o the_o royal_a family_n he_o be_v style_v by_o the_o king_n dei_fw-la gratia_n archiopiscopus_fw-la cantuarii_fw-la write_v himself_n divina_fw-la providentia_fw-la as_o do_v the_o archbishop_n of_o york_n other_o bishop_n write_v divina_fw-la permissione_n and_o have_v the_o title_n of_o grace_n give_v he_o as_o it_o be_v to_o duke_n and_o most_o reverend_a father_n in_o god_n his_o office_n be_v to_o crown_v the_o king_n and_o wheresoever_o the_o court_n shall_v happen_v to_o be_v it_o be_v say_v the_o king_n and_o queen_n be_v speciales_fw-la domestici_fw-la parochiani_fw-la domini_fw-la archiepisc._n cant._n the_o bishop_n of_o london_n be_v account_v his_o provincial_a dean_n the_o bishop_n of_o winchester_n his_o chancellor_n and_o the_o bishop_n of_o rochester_n his_o chaplain_n he_o have_v the_o power_n of_o all_o the_o probate_n of_o will_n and_o grant_v letter_n of_o administration_n where_o the_o party_n have_v bona_fw-la notabilia_fw-la that_o be_v five_o pound_n worth_n or_o above_o out_o of_o the_o diocese_n wherein_o he_o die_v or_o ten_o pound_n worth_a within_o the_o diocese_n of_o london_n by_o statute_n of_o hen._n 8._o 25._o he_o have_v power_n to_o grant_v licence_n dispensation_n etc._n etc._n and_o hold_v divers_a court_n of_o judicature_n viz._n his_o court_n of_o arch_n of_o audience_n his_o prerogative_n court_n and_o his_o court_n of_o peculiar_o and_o he_o may_v retain_v and_o qualify_v eight_o chaplain_n which_o be_v more_o by_o two_o than_o a_o duke_n can_v do_v the_o archbishop_n of_o york_n be_v also_o legatus_fw-la natus_fw-la and_o have_v that_o authority_n annex_v to_o his_o see_n he_o have_v all_o the_o bishopric_n of_o scotland_n under_o his_o province_n till_o the_o year_n 1470._o he_o have_v the_o place_n and_o precedency_n of_o all_o duke_n not_o of_o the_o royal_a blood_n and_o of_o all_o great_a officer_n except_o only_o the_o lord_n chancellor_n or_o lord_n keeper_n
honourable_a and_o peer_n of_o the_o realm_n as_o they_o be_v baron_n without_o any_o other_o distinction_n the_o etymology_n of_o the_o name_n of_o baron_n many_o writer_n have_v labour_v to_o place_v the_o etymology_n and_o signification_n of_o this_o word_n wherein_o follow_v too_o much_o their_o own_o fantasy_n they_o have_v breed_v much_o variation_n of_o opinion_n as_o for_o etymology_n of_o word_n i_o agree_v with_o he_o that_o say_v it_o be_v levis_n &_o fallax_fw-la effigy_n illustrissimi_fw-la dnin_n caecilij_fw-la calvert_n baronis_fw-la baltemore_n de_fw-fr baltemore_n in_o regno_fw-la hibernice_n absoluti_fw-la dnin_n et_fw-la proprietarij_fw-la provinciarum_fw-la terrae-mariae_a et_fw-la avaloniae_fw-la in_o america_n etc_fw-la a._n abra_n blotling_n sculp_v the_o right_n honourable_a george_n lord_n nevil_n baron_n of_o abergâ—venny_n in_o monmouthshire_n â—â—_o the_o right_n honourable_a james_n lord_n touâ—hett_n baron_fw-fr audley_n of_o hâ—leigh_n in_o england_n and_o earl_n of_o castle_n haâ—en_v in_o ireland_n &c_n &c_n a._n the_o right_a honourable_a charles_n lord_n weâ—â—_n baron_fw-fr de_fw-fr la_fw-fr ware_n in_o hantshire_n the_o right_a honourable_a george_n lord_n berkley_n of_o berkley_n &c_n &c_n a._n descend_v from_o harding_n a_o young_a soon_o of_o one_o of_o the_o danish_a king_n who_o come_v in_o with_o william_n ye._n conqueror_n &c_n &c_n a_o the_o right_n honourable_a thomas_n lord_n parker_n baron_n morley_n and_o monteaglâ—_n in_o lancashire_n the_o right_a honourable_a conyers_n lord_n d'arcy_n baron_n d'arcy_n and_o menil_n in_o yorkshire_n the_o right_a honourable_a benjamin_n lord_n mildmay_n baron_fw-fr fitzwater_n the_o right_a honourable_a william_n lord_n sturton_n baron_n sturton_n of_o sturton_n in_o wiltshire_n the_o right_a honourable_a henry_n lord_n sandis_n baron_fw-fr sandis_fw-fr of_o the_o vine_n in_o hantshire_n the_o right_a honourable_a thomase_v lord_n windsor_n lord_n lieutenant_n of_o worcestersh_fw-mi and_o one_o of_o the_o lord_n of_o his_o ma_n â—â—s_o most_o honorable_n privy_a council_n for_o the_o kingdom_n of_o ireland_n the_o right_a honourable_a thomas_n lord_n cromwell_n baron_n of_o oakham_n in_o rutlandsh_fw-mi and_o earl_n of_o arglast_n &_o viscount_n lecaile_n in_o the_o kingdom_n of_o ireland_n the_o right_a honorable_n ralph_n lord_n ewer_n baron_n of_o wilton_n in_o the_o county_n of_o northumberland_n &_o ct_o the_o right_a honourable_a philip_n lâ—â—â—_n wharton_n baron_n of_o wharton_n in_o the_o county_n of_o westmoreland_n the_o right_a honourable_a john_n lord_n 〈◊〉_d baron_n willoughby_n of_o parhâ—m_n in_o lincolnshire_n the_o right_a honourable_a william_n lorâ—_n pagâ—â—â—_n 〈◊〉_d of_o beaudefert_n in_o the_o county_n of_o stafford_n the_o right_a honourable_a charles_n loâ—â—_n 〈◊〉_d of_o cartlidge_n in_o ye._n county_n of_o canâ—â—râ—â—â—_n and_o baron_n grey_n of_o roleston_n the_o right_a honourable_a william_n lord_n bruges_n baron_n chandois_n of_o sudley_n castle_n in_o gloucester_n shire_n the_o right_a honourable_a james_n lord_n bertue_n baron_n norris_n of_o ricott_n in_o oxford_n shire_n brother_n to_o the_o right_n honourable_a robert_n earl_n of_o lindsey_n &_o ct_o the_o right_a honourable_a william_n petre_n baron_n of_o writtle_n in_o essex_n the_o right_a honourable_a digby_n gerard_n baron_n of_o gerardsâ—_n bromley_n in_o staffordshire_n the_o right_a honorable_n charles_n lord_n stanhope_n baron_n of_o harrington_n in_o the_o county_n of_o northampton_n &c_n &c_n a._n the_o right_a honorable_n henry_n lord_n arundel_n baron_n of_o wardure_n in_o wiltshire_n and_o count_n of_o the_o empire_n the_o right_a honourable_a christopher_n lord_n roper_n baron_n tenham_n of_o tenham_n in_o kent_n the_o right_a honourable_a robert_n grevill_n baron_n brook_n of_o beauchamp_n court_n in_o warwickshire_n ld._n lieutenant_n of_o staffordshire_n the_o right_a honourable_a edward_n lord_n montague_n of_o boughton_n decend_v from_o simon_n montague_n of_o houghton_n who_o be_v brother_n to_o john_n earl_n of_o salisbury_n the_o rt._n honorable_n ralph_n lord_n grey_a baron_n of_o work_n &c_n &c_n â—_o of_o who_o family_n be_v sr._n john_n grey_n who_o for_o his_o good_a service_n in_o france_n be_v by_o king_n henry_n the_o 5_o create_a earl_n of_o tangverville_n in_o the_o say_a kingdom_n the_o right_a honourable_a john_n lord_n roberts_n baron_n of_o truro_n in_o cornwall_n and_o one_o of_o the_o lord_n of_o his_o majesty_n most_o honourable_a privy_a council_n &c_n &c_n a._n the_o right_a honourable_a john_n lovelace_n baron_n of_o hurley_n in_o berkshire_n the_o right_a honourable_a john_n lord_n poulet_n baron_n of_o hinton_n st._n george_n in_o somerset_n shire_n the_o right_a honourable_a william_n maynard_n baron_n of_o estaine_v in_o essex_n and_o baron_n maynard_n of_o wicklow_n in_o ireland_n comptroler_n of_o his_o mtys_n household_n and_o one_o of_o the_o lord_n of_o his_o most_o honourable_a privy_a council_n the_o right_n honourable_a george_n coventry_n baron_n of_o alesborough_n in_o worcestershire_n the_o right_a honourable_a thomas_n howard_n baron_n of_o escricke_n in_o yorkshire_n the_o right_a honorable_n charles_n lord_n mohun_n baron_n mohun_n of_o okehampton_n in_o devonshire_n the_o right_a honorable_n edward_n lord_n herbert_n baron_n of_o cherbury_n in_o montgomeryshire_n and_o of_o castle_n island_n in_o ireland_n and_o one_o of_o the_o lord_n of_o his_o majesty_n most_o honorable_n privy_a council_n for_o the_o kingdom_n of_o irelandâ—_n the_o right_a honorable_n thomas_n lord_n leigh_n baron_fw-fr leigh_n of_o stoneley_n in_o warwickeshire_n the_o right_a honorable_n richard_n lord_n byron_n baron_n of_o rachdale_n in_o lancashire_n the_o right_a honorable_n christopher_n lord_n hatton_n baron_n of_o kirby_n in_o northamptonsh_n governor_n of_o the_o isle_n of_o gemsey_n &_o ct_o the_o right_a honorable_n richard_n lord_n vaughan_n baron_n of_o emlyn_n in_o england_n and_o earl_n oâ—_n carbery_n in_o ireland_n and_o one_o of_o the_o lds_o of_o his_o majesty_n most_o honorable_n privy_a council_n the_o right_a honorable_n francis_n lord_n carrington_n baron_n of_o wotton_n in_o warwicksh_n &_o viscount_n bâ—rreford_n in_o the_o kingdom_n of_o ireland_n the_o right_a honorable_n william_n lord_n widdrington_n of_o widdrington_n castle_n in_o northumberland_n and_o baron_n of_o blackney_n in_o ye._n county_n of_o lincoln_n the_o right_a honourable_a edward_n lord_n ward_n baron_n of_o bermingham_n in_o the_o county_n of_o warwick_n the_o right_a honorable_n thomas_n lord_n culpeper_n baron_n of_o thornsway_n in_o kent_n the_o right_a honorable_n jacob_n lord_n astley_n baron_n of_o reding_n in_o berkshire_n the_o right_a honourable_a charles_n lord_n lucas_n baron_n of_o shenfeild_n in_o the_o county_n of_o essex_n the_o right_a honorable_n john_n lord_n belasis_n baron_n of_o worlabye_n in_o lincolnshire_n the_o right_a honorable_n edward_n watson_n baron_n rockingham_n of_o rockingham_n in_o northamtonshire_n son_n of_o lewis_n lord_n rockingham_n by_o the_o lady_n elinor_n sister_n to_o john_n earl_n of_o rutland_n now_o live_v an._n 1625_o the_o right_a honourable_a charles_n lord_n gerard_n baron_n of_o brandon_n in_o suffolk_n gentleman_n of_o his_o majesty_n bedchamber_n the_o right_a honorable_n robert_n sutton_n baron_n lexington_n of_o axam_n in_o nottingham_n shire_n the_o right_n honourable_a charles_n henry_n lord_n kirkhoven_n baron_fw-fr wotton_n of_o wotton_n in_o kent_n the_o right_a honourable_a marmaduke_n lord_n langdale_n baron_n of_o holme_n langdale_n in_o westmoreland_n the_o right_a honorable_n william_n lord_n crofts_n baron_n of_o saxham_n in_o suffolk_n oâ—e_v of_o the_o gentleman_n of_o his_o majesty_n bedchamber_n the_o right_a honorable_n johnâ—_n lord_n berhley_n baron_n of_o stratton_n in_o somersetshire_n one_o oâ—_n the_o lord_n of_o his_o majesty_n most_o honorable_n privy_a council_n the_o right_a honorable_n denzell_n lord_n holles_n baron_n of_o ifield_n in_o sussex_n lord_n high_a steward_n of_o the_o honors_fw-fr manor_n s_o and_o revenue_n of_o the_o queen_n custos_fw-la rotolorum_fw-la of_o dorset_n shire_n the_o right_a honourable_a charles_n lord_n cornwallis_n baron_n of_o eye_n in_o suffolk_n &c_n &c_n a._n the_o rt._n honorable_n george_n lord_n booth_n baron_fw-fr de_fw-fr la_fw-fr mer_n of_o dunham_n massey_n in_o cheshire_n &c_n &c_n a._n the_o right_a honourable_a horatio_n lord_n townesend_n baron_n of_o linn_n regis_n in_o the_o county_n of_o norfolk_n &_o lord_n lieutenant_n of_o the_o say_a county_n &c_n &c_n a._n the_o right_a honourable_a john_n lord_n crew_n baron_n of_o stean_n in_o northampton_n shire_n the_o right_a honourable_a john_n lord_n frescheville_n baron_n of_o staveley_n in_o derby_n shire_n the_o right_a honourable_a richard_n lord_n arundel_n baron_n of_o trerife_n in_o cornwall_n the_o right_a honorable_n thomas_n butler_n earl_n of_o ossâ—ry_n in_o ireland_n baron_fw-fr butler_n of_o more_o park_n in_o hereford_n shire_n elder_a son_n to_o his_o grace_n james_n duke_n of_o ormond_n kt_n of_o the_o garter_n one_o of_o the_o gentleman_n of_o his_o majesty_n bedchamber_n and_o lord_n of_o his_o most_o honourable_a privy_a council_n &c_n &c_n a._n the_o right_a honorbl_v hugh_n lord_n clifford_n baron_n of_o chudleigh_n
nobleman_n and_o his_o progenitor_n have_v for_o a_o long_a time_n be_v call_v to_o parliament_n and_o be_v a_o baron_n either_o by_o tenure_n or_o writ_n and_o have_v have_v in_o regard_n thereof_o a_o place_n certain_a in_o parliament_n if_o afterward_o the_o say_a nobleman_n shall_v be_v create_v a_o baron_n of_o that_o barony_n and_o by_o the_o same_o name_n by_o letter_n patent_n whether_o shall_v he_o and_o his_o heir_n retain_v his_o old_a place_n in_o parliament_n which_o he_o have_v according_a to_o his_o former_a dignity_n or_o whether_o shall_v he_o lose_v his_o old_a place_n and_o take_v a_o new_a one_o according_a to_o the_o time_n of_o his_o creation_n answer_n the_o case_n of_o the_o lord_n delaware_n late_o erect_v a_o resolution_n somewhat_o answerable_a to_o this_o question_n thomas_n delaware_n in_o the_o three_o of_o edward_n the_o six_o be_v in_o some_o displeasure_n with_o william_n west_n his_o heir_n and_o nephew_n who_o be_v father_n to_o thomas_n late_a lord_n delaware_n and_o grandfather_n to_o henry_n lord_n delaware_n that_o nevis_n procure_v by_o act_n of_o parliament_n by_o which_o the_o say_a william_n west_n be_v during_o his_o natural_a life_n only_o clear_o disable_v to_o claim_v demand_n or_o have_v any_o manner_n of_o right_n title_n or_o interest_n by_o descent_n remainder_n or_o otherwise_o in_o or_o to_o the_o manor_n land_n tenement_n or_o hereditament_n title_n and_o dignity_n of_o thomas_n lord_n delaware_n his_o uncle_n etc._n etc._n after_o the_o say_v thomas_n delaware_n die_v and_o the_o say_v william_n west_n be_v in_o the_o time_n of_o queen_n mary_n attaint_v of_o treason_n by_o verdict_n but_o pardon_v by_o the_o say_a queen_n and_o afterward_o by_o parliament_n in_o the_o time_n of_o queen_n elixabeth_n be_v restore_v and_o in_o the_o four_o year_n of_o her_o reign_n be_v create_v lord_n delaware_n by_o patent_n and_o take_v place_n in_o parliament_n according_o for_o that_o by_o the_o say_a act_n of_o parliament_n of_o edward_n the_o six_o he_o be_v exclude_v to_o challenge_v the_o former_a ancient_a barony_n and_o after_o he_o die_v now_o whether_o thomas_n delaware_n shall_v take_v his_o place_n according_a to_o the_o ancient_a barony_n by_o writ_n or_o according_a to_o his_o father_n creation_n by_o patent_n be_v the_o question_n the_o opinion_n of_o the_o late_a queen_n council_n be_v his_o majesty_n be_v attorney_n general_n and_o solicitor_n be_v that_o the_o acceptance_n of_o the_o new_a creation_n by_o the_o say_v william_n west_n can_v not_o extinguish_v the_o ancient_a dignity_n for_o that_o he_o have_v not_o the_o ancient_a dignity_n in_o he_o at_o that_o time_n of_o his_o creation_n but_o the_o dignity_n be_v by_o the_o act_n of_o parliament_n 3_o edw._n 6._o in_o the_o balance_n of_o suspense_n or_o consideration_n of_o law_n and_o he_o thereby_o utter_o disable_v to_o have_v the_o same_o during_o his_o life_n only_o so_o as_o other_o acceptance_n can_v not_o extinguish_v that_o dignity_n which_o he_o then_o have_v not_o nor_o can_v not_o conclude_v his_o heir_n who_o be_v not_o disable_v by_o the_o parliament_n 3_o edw._n 6._o to_o claim_v the_o ancient_a barony_n which_o opinion_n of_o they_o be_v see_v and_o allow_v by_o the_o then_o chief_a justice_n of_o england_n and_o lord_n chief_a baron_n and_o so_o signify_v to_o the_o lord_n keeper_n but_o this_o to_o be_v note_v by_o the_o reason_n make_v for_o the_o say_a resolution_n though_o if_o the_o say_a sir_n william_n west_n have_v be_v baron_n and_o entitle_v and_o in_o possession_n of_o the_o ancient_a dignity_n when_o he_o accept_v the_o ancient_a creation_n the_o law_n perchance_o may_v have_v be_v otherwise_o but_o that_o remain_v as_o yet_o unresolved_a nevertheless_o the_o rule_n be_v eodem_fw-la modo_fw-la quo_fw-la quid_fw-la constituitur_fw-la dissolvitur_fw-la but_o by_o a_o grant_v which_o be_v but_o a_o matter_n of_o fact_n a_o man_n can_v transfer_v his_o title_n of_o honour_n and_o thus_o much_o concern_v the_o degree_n of_o baron_n within_o this_o realm_n upon_o this_o occasion_n for_o the_o better_a understanding_n and_o direction_n of_o that_o which_o follow_v to_o be_v handle_v and_o in_o this_o place_n i_o think_v it_o not_o impertinent_a to_o mention_v one_o case_n which_o i_o meet_v with_o in_o our_o book_n of_o common_a law_n concern_v the_o descent_n of_o a_o title_n of_o honour_n whereof_o the_o ancestor_n have_v estate_n in_o feesimple_n there_o be_v a_o maxim_n in_o the_o law_n possessio_fw-la fratris_fw-la in_o feodo_fw-la facit_fw-la sororemesse_n haeredem_fw-la but_o if_o a_o man_n by_o any_o of_o the_o three_o mean_n aforesaid_a be_v create_v into_o a_o title_n of_o dignity_n to_o he_o and_o his_o heir_n for_o ever_o and_o so_o have_v issue_n by_o one_o wife_n a_o son_n and_o a_o daughter_n and_o have_v also_o a_o son_n by_o a_o second_o wife_n afterward_o the_o father_n die_v and_o his_o elder_a son_n enter_v into_o all_o his_o father_n inheritance_n and_o also_o enjoy_v the_o title_n and_o dignity_n which_o his_o father_n have_v but_o die_v without_o issue_n in_o this_o case_n the_o dignity_n shall_v descend_v upon_o the_o young_a son_n though_o he_o be_v but_o of_o the_o half_a blood_n to_o he_o that_o last_o enjoy_v that_o name_n and_o title_n of_o descent_n and_o shall_v not_o descend_v to_o his_o sister_n of_o the_o whole_a blood_n and_o yet_o in_o this_o case_n he_o shall_v only_o be_v her_o brother_n heir_n of_o all_o his_o feesimple_n land_n and_o the_o reason_n thereof_o be_v because_o possessio_fw-la fratris_fw-la be_v the_o name_n and_o sole_a cause_n which_o may_v give_v title_n to_o she_o his_o sister_n which_o fail_v in_o this_o case_n of_o dignity_n for_o it_o can_v be_v say_v that_o her_o elder_a brother_n be_v in_o possession_n of_o his_o title_n of_o honour_n no_o more_o than_o of_o his_o blood_n so_o as_o neither_o by_o his_o own_o act_n nor_o any_o act_n to_o be_v do_v by_o any_o other_o do_v gain_v more_o actual_a possession_n if_o so_o it_o may_v be_v term_v then_o by_o the_o law_n do_v descend_v to_o he_o and_o therefore_o the_o young_a brother_n may_v well_o by_o the_o law_n make_v himself_o heir_n unto_o his_o father_n of_o the_o honour_n that_o he_o can_v be_v heir_n unto_o his_o brother_n so_o that_o this_o word_n possession_n which_o be_v no_o other_o than_o pedis_fw-la positio_fw-la extend_v only_o unto_o such_o thing_n of_o which_o a_o man_n may_v by_o hâ—s_n entry_n or_o other_o act_n be_v possess_v and_o do_v require_v actual_a possession_n coke_n three_o part_n 92._o have_v thus_o much_o treat_v concern_v the_o creation_n and_o other_o thing_n incident_a to_o the_o degree_n of_o nobility_n i_o can_v omit_v some_o thing_n concern_v the_o sufficiency_n and_o ability_n of_o estate_n which_o the_o law_n do_v require_v to_o be_v in_o every_o of_o they_o according_a to_o their_o several_a dignity_n the_o common_a law_n which_o always_o will_v decorum_n and_o conveniency_n be_v observe_v consider_v the_o charge_n and_o dignity_n appertain_v to_o these_o degree_n and_o dignity_n be_v office_n of_o principal_a service_n to_o the_o king_n and_o realm_n both_o in_o war_n and_o peace_n have_v order_v that_o each_o of_o they_o ought_v to_o have_v a_o convenient_a portion_n and_o inheritance_n in_o land_n to_o support_v the_o say_a dignity_n which_o supply_n be_v as_o sinew_n conjoin_v in_o the_o same_o for_o in_o virtue_n and_o riches_n as_o aristotle_n confess_v all_o the_o old_a nobility_n consist_v and_o which_o two_o property_n make_v a_o good_a compliment_n for_o utilior_fw-la est_fw-la sapientia_fw-la cum_fw-la divitiis_fw-la conjuncta_fw-la therefore_o a_o knight_n fee_n which_o he_o ought_v to_o have_v be_v twenty_o pound_n land_n by_o the_o year_n a_o baron_n thirteen_o knight_n fee_n and_o a_o quarter_n and_o a_o earl_n twenty_o knight_n fe_n for_o always_o the_o four_o part_n of_o each_o revenue_n which_o be_v by_o the_o law_n hold_v requisite_a for_o the_o dignity_n shall_v be_v pay_v to_o the_o king_n for_o the_o relief_n as_o for_o example_n the_o relief_n of_o a_o knight_n be_v five_o pound_n which_o be_v the_o one_o four_o of_o his_o revenue_n according_a to_o the_o statute_n of_o the_o first_o of_o edward_n the_o second_o the_o relief_n of_o a_o baron_n be_v one_o hundred_o mark_n which_o be_v also_o the_o four_o part_n of_o his_o revenue_n and_o the_o relief_n of_o a_o earl_n be_v one_o hundred_o pound_n alâ—o_o the_o four_o part_n of_o his_o revenue_n and_o it_o appear_v by_o the_o record_n of_o the_o exchequer_n that_o the_o relief_n of_o a_o duke_n amount_v unto_o three_o hundred_o pound_n and_o this_o be_v the_o reason_n in_o our_o book_n that_o every_o of_o the_o nobility_n be_v presume_v in_o the_o law_n to_o have_v sufficient_a freehold_n ad_fw-la sustinendum_fw-la nomen_fw-la &_o onus_fw-la and_o to_o what_o value_n
those_o ancient_a fee_n in_o the_o time_n of_o henry_n the_o three_o and_o edward_z the_o four_o at_o this_o day_n do_v amount_v unto_o most_o man_n be_v not_o unskilful_a in_o coke_n seven_o part_n 33._o and_o in_o case_n of_o decay_n of_o ability_n and_o estate_n as_o senatores_fw-la romani_fw-la amoti_fw-la senatu_fw-la so_o sometime_o they_o be_v not_o admit_v to_o the_o upper_a house_n of_o parliament_n though_o they_o still_o keep_v their_o title_n and_o dignity_n sir_n thomas_n smith_n de_fw-fr republica_n aâ—glorum_fw-la 22._o and_o by_o the_o statute_n make_v 31_o hen._n 8._o cap._n 10._o the_o lord_n have_v their_o place_n prescribe_v after_o this_o manner_n as_o follow_v viz._n these_o four_o the_o lord_n chancellor_n the_o lord_n treasurer_n the_o lord_n precedent_n of_o the_o council_n and_o the_o lord_n privy_a seal_n be_v person_n of_o the_o degree_n of_o a_o baron_n or_o above_o be_v in_o the_o same_o act_n appoint_v to_o sit_v in_o parliament_n and_o in_o all_o assembly_n and_o council_n above_o all_o duke_n not_o be_v of_o the_o blood_n royal_a viz._n the_o king_n uncle_n brother_n and_o nephew_n and_o these_o six_o viz._n the_o lord_n great_a chamberlain_n of_o england_n the_o lord_n high_a constable_n of_o england_n the_o lord_n marshal_n of_o england_n the_o lord_n admiral_n of_o england_n the_o lord_n high_a steward_n of_o his_o majesty_n household_n and_o the_o lord_n chamberlain_n also_o of_o his_o majesty_n household_n by_o that_o act_n be_v to_o be_v place_v in_o all_o assembly_n of_o council_n after_o the_o lord_n privy_a seal_n according_a to_o their_o degree_n so_o that_o if_o he_o be_v a_o baron_n than_o he_o be_v to_o sit_v above_o all_o baron_n or_o if_o a_o earl_n above_o all_o earl_n and_o so_o likewise_o the_o king_n secretary_n be_v baron_n or_o earl_n have_v place_n above_o all_o baron_n or_o earl_n privilege_n incident_a to_o the_o nobility_n according_a to_o the_o law_n of_o england_n chap._n xiii_o when_o a_o peer_n of_o the_o realm_n and_o lord_n of_o the_o parliament_n be_v to_o be_v arraign_v upon_o any_o trespass_n or_o felony_n whereof_o he_o be_v indict_v and_o whereupon_o he_o have_v plead_v not_o guilty_a the_o king_n by_o his_o letter_n paten_n shall_v assign_v some_o great_a and_o sage_a lord_n of_o the_o parliament_n to_o be_v high_a steward_n of_o england_n for_o the_o day_n of_o his_o arraignment_n who_o before_o the_o say_a day_n shall_v make_v a_o precept_n to_o his_o sergeant_n at_o arm_n that_o be_v appoint_v to_o serve_v he_o during_o the_o time_n of_o his_o commission_n to_o warn_v to_o appear_v before_o he_o eighteen_o or_o twenty_o lord_n of_o the_o parliament_n or_o twelve_o at_o the_o least_o upon_o the_o same_o day_n and_o then_o at_o the_o time_n appoint_v when_o the_o high_a steward_n shall_v be_v set_v under_o the_o cloth_n of_o estate_n upon_o the_o arraignment_n of_o the_o prisoner_n and_o have_v cause_v the_o commission_n to_o be_v read_v the_o same_o sergeant_n shall_v return_v his_o precept_n and_o thereupon_o the_o lord_n shall_v be_v call_v and_o when_o they_o have_v appear_v and_o be_v set_v in_o their_o place_n the_o conâ—â—able_a of_o the_o tower_n shall_v be_v call_v to_o bring_v his_o prisoner_n to_o the_o bar_n and_o the_o high_a steward_n shall_v declare_v to_o the_o prisoner_n the_o cause_n why_o the_o king_n have_v assemble_v thither_o those_o lord_n and_o himself_o and_o persuade_v he_o to_o answer_v without_o fear_n and_o then_o he_o shall_v call_v the_o clerk_n of_o the_o crown_n to_o read_v his_o indictment_n unto_o he_o and_o to_o ask_v he_o if_o he_o be_v guilty_a or_o not_o whereunto_o when_o he_o have_v answer_v not_o guilty_a the_o clerk_n of_o the_o crown_n shall_v ask_v he_o how_o he_o will_v be_v try_v and_o then_o he_o will_v say_v by_o god_n and_o his_o peer_n then_o the_o king_n sergeant_n and_o attorney_n will_v give_v evidence_n against_o he_o whereunto_o when_o the_o prisoner_n have_v make_v answer_n the_o constable_n shall_v be_v command_v to_o receive_v the_o prisoner_n from_o the_o bar_n to_o some_o other_o place_n whilst_o the_o lord_n do_v secret_o confer_v together_o in_o the_o court_n and_o then_o the_o lord_n shall_v rise_v out_o of_o their_o place_n and_o consult_v among_o themselves_o and_o what_o they_o affirm_v shall_v be_v do_v upon_o their_o honour_n without_o any_o oath_n to_o be_v minister_v upon_o they_o and_o when_o all_o or_o the_o great_a part_n of_o they_o shall_v be_v agree_v they_o shall_v retire_v to_o their_o place_n and_o sit_v down_o then_o the_o high_a steward_n shall_v ask_v of_o the_o young_a lord_n by_o himself_o if_o he_o that_o be_v arraign_v be_v guilty_a or_o not_o of_o the_o offence_n whereof_o he_o be_v arraign_v and_o then_o the_o young_a next_o he_o and_o so_o of_o the_o residue_n one_o by_o one_o until_o he_o have_v ask_v they_o all_o and_o every_o lord_n shall_v answer_v by_o himself_o and_o then_o the_o steward_n shall_v send_v for_o the_o prisoner_n again_o who_o shall_v be_v lead_v to_o the_o bar_n to_o who_o the_o high_a steward_n shall_v rehearse_v the_o verdict_n of_o the_o peer_n and_o give_v judgement_n according_o the_o antiquity_n and_o original_a of_o this_o kind_n of_o trial_n by_o the_o opinion_n of_o several_a author_n be_v ground_v from_o the_o statute_n of_o magna_fw-la charta_fw-la so_o call_v not_o in_o respect_n of_o the_o quantity_n but_o of_o the_o weight_n of_o it_o coke_n to_o the_o reader_n before_o his_o eight_o part_n fol._n 2._o cap._n 29._o beginning_n thus_o millus_fw-la libre_fw-la homo_fw-la etc._n etc._n nec_fw-la super_fw-la eum_fw-la ibimus_fw-la nec_fw-la super_fw-la eum_fw-la mittemus_fw-la nisi_fw-la per_fw-la legale_fw-la judicium_fw-la parium_fw-la suorum_fw-la but_o i_o take_v it_o to_o be_v more_o ancient_a than_o the_o time_n of_o henry_n the_o three_o as_o bring_v into_o the_o realm_n with_o the_o conqueror_n be_v answerable_a to_o the_o norman_a and_o french_a law_n and_o agreeable_a with_o the_o custom_n feudale_n where_o almost_o all_o controversy_n arise_v between_o the_o sovereign_n and_o the_o vassal_n be_v try_v per_fw-la judicium_fw-la parium_fw-la suorum_fw-la and_o if_o a_o peer_n of_o the_o realm_n upon_o his_o arraignment_n of_o treason_n do_v stand_v mute_a or_o will_v not_o answer_v direct_o judgement_n shall_v be_v give_v against_o he_o as_o a_o traitor_n convict_v and_o he_o shall_v not_o be_v press_v to_o death_n and_o thereby_o save_v the_o forfeiture_n of_o his_o land_n for_o treason_n be_v out_o of_o the_o statute_n of_o westminster_n 1._o chap._n 12._o 15._o ed._n 4._o 33._o dyer_n 205._o but_o if_o he_o be_v arraign_v upon_o indictment_n of_o felony_n he_o may_v be_v mute_a this_o privilege_n have_v some_o restraint_n as_o well_o in_o regard_n of_o the_o person_n as_o in_o the_o manner_n of_o proceed_v as_o touch_v the_o person_n first_o the_o archbishop_n and_o bishop_n of_o this_o realm_n although_o they_o be_v lord_n of_o the_o parliament_n if_o they_o be_v impeach_v of_o such_o offence_n they_o shall_v not_o be_v try_v by_o the_o peer_n of_o the_o realm_n but_o by_o a_o jury_n of_o knight_n and_o other_o substantial_a person_n upon_o their_o oath_n the_o reason_n thereof_o allege_v be_v so_o much_o as_o archbishop_n and_o bishop_n can_v pass_v in_o the_o like_a case_n upon_o peer_n for_o that_o they_o be_v prohibit_v by_o the_o common_a and_o ecclesiastical_a law_n to_o be_v judge_v of_o life_n and_o blood_n reason_n will_v that_o the_o other_o peer_n shall_v not_o try_v they_o for_o this_o trial_n shall_v be_v mutual_a forasmuch_o as_o it_o be_v perform_v upon_o their_o honour_n without_o any_o oath_n take_v and_o so_o by_o the_o way_n you_o may_v see_v the_o great_a respect_n the_o law_n have_v to_o a_o peer_n of_o the_o realm_n when_o he_o speak_v upon_o his_o honour_n even_o in_o a_o case_n concern_v the_o life_n of_o a_o man_n and_o that_o of_o a_o peer_n and_o therefore_o ought_v they_o much_o more_o to_o keep_v their_o word_n and_o promise_n in_o small_a matter_n when_o they_o engage_v their_o honour_n for_o any_o just_a cause_n or_o consideration_n second_o as_o touch_v these_o person_n no_o temporal_a lord_n but_o they_o that_o be_v lord_n of_o the_o parliament_n shall_v have_v this_o kind_n of_o trial_n and_o therefore_o out_o of_o this_o be_v exclude_v the_o elder_a son_n and_o heir_n apparent_a of_o a_o duke_n in_o the_o life_n of_o his_o father_n though_o he_o be_v call_v a_o earl_n and_o it_o be_v the_o case_n of_o henry_n howard_n earl_n of_o surrey_n son_n and_o heir_n apparent_a to_o thomas_n duke_n of_o norfolk_n in_o 38_o hen._n 8._o which_o be_v in_o brook_n abridgement_n treason_n 2._o likewise_o the_o son_n and_o heir_n apparent_a of_o a_o earl_n though_o he_o be_v call_v a_o lord_n and_o all_o the_o young_a son_n of_o king_n be_v earl_n
to_o prejudice_v he_o touch_v his_o mother_n inheritance_n who_o also_o do_v not_o offend_v or_o contrariwise_o especial_o in_o case_n where_o the_o mother_n be_v seize_v of_o a_o estate_n in_o feesimple_n either_o in_o land_n or_o tenement_n or_o title_n of_o honour_n and_o this_o be_v the_o case_n if_o i_o be_v not_o mistake_v of_o philip_n late_a earl_n of_o arundel_n notwithstanding_o the_o attainder_n of_o thomas_n duke_n of_o norfolk_n his_o father_n for_o he_o have_v that_o earldom_n in_o right_a of_o his_o mother_n but_o they_o do_v agree_v that_o if_o the_o land_n or_o tenement_n or_o a_o title_n of_o honour_n be_v give_v to_o a_o man_n and_o to_o his_o wife_n in_o tail_n who_o have_v issue_n the_o father_n be_v attaint_v of_o treason_n and_o execute_v though_o this_o forfeiture_n of_o the_o husband_n shall_v be_v no_o bar_n to_o the_o wife_n concern_v her_o interest_n by_o survivorship_n yet_o their_o issue_n be_v bar_v by_o the_o statute_n 26_o hen._n 8._o cap._n 13._o and_o his_o blood_n corrupt_v for_o in_o that_o case_n the_o heir_n must_v necessary_o make_v himself_o heir_n as_o well_o of_o the_o body_n of_o the_o one_o as_o of_o the_o other_o and_o yet_o the_o word_n of_o the_o statute_n 32_o hen._n 8._o cap._n 28._o be_v that_o no_o fine_a feoffment_n or_o other_o act_n or_o act_n hereafter_o to_o be_v make_v or_o suffer_v by_o the_o husband_n only_o of_o any_o manor_n land_n tenement_n or_o hereditament_n be_v the_o inheritance_n or_o freehold_a of_o his_o wife_n during_o the_o coverture_n between_o they_o shall_v in_o any_o wise_a be_v or_o make_v any_o discontinuance_n or_o be_v prejudicial_a to_o the_o say_a wife_n or_o to_o her_o heir_n or_o to_o such_o as_o shall_v have_v right_a title_n or_o interest_n to_o the_o same_o by_o the_o death_n of_o such_o wife_n or_o wife_n but_o the_o same_o wife_n or_o her_o heir_n and_o such_o other_o to_o who_o such_o right_n shall_v appertain_v after_o her_o decease_n shall_v or_o may_v then_o lawful_o enter_v into_o all_o such_o manor_n land_n tenement_n and_o hereditament_n according_a to_o their_o right_n and_o title_n therein_o for_o there_o be_v adversity_n take_v and_o agree_v for_o law_n between_o a_o discontinuance_n which_o do_v imply_v a_o wrong_n and_o a_o lawful_a baron_n which_o do_v imply_v a_o right_n and_o therefore_o if_o land_n be_v give_v to_o the_o husband_n and_o the_o wife_n and_o to_o the_o heir_n of_o their_o body_n beget_v and_o the_o husband_n levy_v a_o fine_a with_o proclamation_n or_o do_v commit_v high_a treason_n and_o die_v and_o the_o wife_n before_o or_o after_o entry_n die_v the_o issue_n be_v bar_v and_o the_o comisee_fw-mi for_o the_o king_n have_v right_a unto_o the_o land_n because_o the_o issue_n can_v claim_v as_o heir_n unto_o both_o and_o with_o this_o do_v agree_v dyer_n 351._o b._n adjudge_v vide_fw-la 5_o hen._n 7._o 32._o cott_n assize_n coke_n eight_o part_n 27._o where_o it_o be_v resolve_v that_o the_o statute_n 32_o hen._n 8._o do_v extend_v only_o unto_o discontinuance_n although_o the_o act_n have_v general_a word_n or_o be_v prejudicial_a to_o the_o wife_n or_o her_o heir_n etc._n etc._n but_o the_o conclusion_n if_o she_o shall_v lawful_o enter_v etc._n etc._n according_a to_o their_o right_n and_o title_n therein_o which_o they_o can_v do_v when_o they_o be_v bar_v and_o have_v no_o right_n title_n and_o interest_n and_o this_o statute_n do_v give_v advantage_n unto_o the_o wife_n etc._n etc._n so_o long_o as_o she_o have_v right_a but_o it_o do_v not_o extend_v to_o take_v away_o a_o future_a bar_n although_o the_o statute_n do_v give_v entry_n without_o limitation_n of_o any_o time_n nevertheless_o the_o entry_n must_v attend_v upon_o the_o right_n and_o therefore_o if_o the_o wife_n be_v seize_v in_o feesimple_n and_o her_o husband_n levy_v a_o fine_a with_o proclamation_n unto_o another_o and_o die_v now_o the_o wife_n may_v enter_v by_o force_n of_o the_o statute_n for_o as_o yet_o that_o fine_a be_v not_o any_o bar_n unto_o she_o but_o her_o right_n do_v remain_v which_o she_o may_v continue_v by_o entry_n but_o if_o she_o do_v surcease_v her_o time_n and_o the_o five_o year_n do_v pass_v without_o entry_n etc._n etc._n now_o by_o force_n of_o the_o fine_a with_o proclamation_n and_o five_o year_n pass_v after_o the_o death_n of_o her_o husband_n she_o be_v bar_v of_o her_o right_n and_o by_o consequence_n she_o can_v enter_v and_o the_o statute_n do_v speak_v of_o fine_a only_a and_o not_o of_o fine_a with_o proclamation_n if_o there_o be_v father_n and_o son_n and_o the_o father_n be_v seize_v of_o land_n hold_v in_o capite_fw-la or_o otherwise_o by_o knight_n service_n the_o king_n do_v create_v the_o son_n duke_n earl_n or_o other_o degree_n of_o nobility_n and_o afterward_o the_o father_n die_v his_o son_n be_v within_o the_o age_n of_o one_o and_o twenty_o year_n he_o shall_v be_v no_o ward_n but_o if_o the_o king_n have_v make_v he_o knight_n in_o the_o life_n of_o his_o father_n he_o shall_v not_o have_v be_v in_o ward_n after_o the_o death_n of_o his_o father_n neither_o for_o the_o land_n descend_v nor_o for_o his_o marriage_n though_o he_o be_v within_o age._n nobility_n and_o lord_n in_o reputation_n only_a chap._n fourteen_o there_o be_v also_o other_o lord_n in_o reputation_n and_o appellation_n who_o nevertheless_o be_v not_o the_o jure_fw-la neither_o can_v they_o enjoy_v the_o privilege_n of_o those_o of_o the_o nobility_n that_o be_v lord_n of_o the_o parliament_n the_o son_n and_o heir_n of_o a_o duke_n during_o his_o father_n life_n be_v only_o in_o courtesy_n of_o speech_n and_o honour_n call_v a_o earl_n and_o the_o elder_a son_n of_o a_o marquis_n or_o a_o earl_n a_o lord_n but_o not_o so_o in_o legal_a proceed_n or_o in_o the_o king_n court_n of_o judicature_n but_o the_o king_n may_v at_o his_o pleasure_n create_v they_o in_o the_o life_n of_o their_o ancestor_n into_o any_o degree_n of_o lord_n of_o the_o parliament_n and_o according_a to_o the_o german_a custom_n all_o the_o young_a son_n of_o duke_n and_o marquess_n be_v call_v lord_n but_o by_o courtesy_n only_o which_o title_n descend_v not_o to_o their_o heir_n a_o duke_n or_o other_o of_o the_o nobility_n of_o a_o foreign_a nation_n do_v come_v into_o this_o land_n by_o the_o king_n be_v safe_a conduct_n in_o which_o say_v letter_n of_o safe_a conduct_n he_o be_v name_v a_o duke_n according_a to_o his_o creation_n yet_o that_o appellation_n make_v he_o not_o a_o duke_n etc._n etc._n to_o sue_v or_o be_v sue_v by_o that_o name_n within_o this_o realm_n but_o be_v only_o so_o by_o reputation_n but_o if_o the_o king_n of_o denmark_n or_o other_o sovereign_a king_n come_v into_o england_n under_o safe_a conduct_n he_o during_o his_o abode_n here_o aught_o to_o be_v style_v by_o the_o name_n of_o king_n and_o to_o retain_v his_o honour_n although_o not_o his_o regal_a command_n and_o power_n and_o in_o this_o case_n may_v be_v observe_v by_o the_o way_n that_o no_o sovereign_a king_n may_v enter_v into_o this_o realm_n without_o licence_n though_o he_o be_v in_o league_n all_o the_o young_a son_n of_o the_o king_n of_o england_n be_v of_o the_o nobility_n of_o england_n and_o earl_n by_o their_o birth_n without_o any_o other_o creation_n and_o if_o a_o englishman_n be_v create_v earl_n of_o the_o empire_n or_o some_o other_o title_n of_o honour_n by_o the_o emperor_n or_o other_o monarch_n he_o shall_v not_o bear_v that_o dignity_n in_o england_n but_o be_v only_o a_o earl_n in_o reputation_n a_o lord_n or_o peer_n of_o scotland_n or_o ireland_n be_v not_o of_o the_o nobility_n or_o peerage_n of_o england_n in_o all_o court_n of_o justice_n although_o he_o be_v common_o repute_v a_o lord_n and_o have_v privilege_n as_o a_o peer_n of_o the_o queen_n consort_n and_o of_o noble_z women_z chap._n xv._n a_o queen_n so_o call_v from_o the_o sâ—xon_a word_n cuningine_n as_o the_o king_n from_o cuning_n by_o variation_n of_o gender_n only_o as_o be_v their_o manner_n signify_v power_n and_o knowledge_n and_o thereby_o denote_v the_o sovereignty_n due_a unto_o they_o which_o they_o enjoy_v in_o those_o day_n and_o do_v now_o in_o most_o nation_n be_v capable_a of_o the_o royal_a diadem_n by_o the_o common_a right_n of_o inheritance_n for_o want_v of_o heir_n male_n but_o in_o france_n by_o the_o salic_a law_n the_o sex_n be_v exclude_v from_o their_o inheritance_n by_o which_o they_o debar_v the_o english_a title_n to_o their_o crown_n there_o be_v three_o kind_n of_o person_n capable_a of_o the_o title_n and_o dignity_n of_o queen_n among_o we_o and_o each_o of_o they_o different_a in_o power_n and_o privilege_n the_o first_o be_v a_o queen_n sovereign_n to_o who_o the_o crown_n descend_v by_o birthright_n
again_o into_o the_o hall_n where_o he_o shall_v sit_v at_o table_n with_o the_o knight_n and_o be_v rise_v and_o retire_v into_o his_o chamber_n his_o attire_n be_v take_v off_o and_o again_o clothe_v with_o a_o blue_a robe_n have_v on_o his_o left_a shoulder_n a_o lace_n of_o white_a silk_n hang_v to_o be_v wear_v upon_o all_o his_o garment_n from_o that_o day_n forward_o till_o he_o have_v gain_v some_o honour_n and_o renown_n for_o some_o feat_n of_o arm_n or_o some_o prince_n or_o lady_n of_o quality_n cut_v that_o lace_n from_o his_o shoulder_n after_o dinner_n the_o knight_n must_v come_v to_o the_o knight_n and_o conduct_v he_o into_o the_o king_n presence_n to_o return_v he_o thanks_o for_o these_o honour_n and_o so_o take_v his_o leave_n of_o the_o king_n and_o the_o governor_n crave_v his_o pardon_n for_o any_o miscarriage_n and_o claim_v their_o fee_n according_a to_o the_o custom_n of_o the_o court_n also_o take_v their_o leaf_n of_o the_o knight_n i_o shall_v conclude_v this_o chapter_n with_o give_v a_o account_n of_o the_o knight_n make_v at_o the_o coronation_n of_o his_o majesty_n knight_n of_o the_o bath_n make_v at_o the_o coronation_n of_o his_o majesty_n king_n charles_n the_o second_o edward_n lord_n clinton_n now_o earl_n of_o lincoln_n john_n egerton_n viscount_n brackley_n elder_a son_n to_o the_o earl_n of_o bridgwater_n sir_n philip_n herbert_n than_o second_o son_n to_o the_o earl_n of_o pembroke_n sir_n william_n egerton_n second_o son_n to_o the_o earl_n of_o bridgwater_n sir_n vere_n fane_n second_o son_n to_o the_o earl_n of_o westmoreland_n sir_n charles_n berkley_n elder_a son_n to_o george_n lord_n berkley_n sir_n henry_n bellasis_n elder_a son_n to_o the_o lord_n bellasis_n sir_n henry_n hyde_n now_o earl_n of_o clarendon_n sir_n rowland_n bellasis_n brother_n to_o viscount_n faulconberg_n sir_n henry_n capell_n sir_n john_n vaughan_n now_o elder_a son_n to_o the_o earl_n of_o carbery_n sir_n charles_n stanley_n grandchild_n to_o the_o late_a earl_n of_o derby_n sir_n francis_n fane_n sir_n henry_n fane_n grandchild_n to_o the_o earl_n of_o westmoreland_n sir_n william_n portman_n baronet_n sir_n richard_n temple_n baronet_n sir_n william_n ducy_n baronet_n sir_n thomas_n trevor_n baronet_n sir_n john_n scudamore_n baronet_n sir_n william_n gardiner_n baronet_n sir_n charles_n cornwallis_n afterward_o lord_n cornwallis_n sir_n john_n nicholas_n sir_n john_n monson_n sir_n bourcher_n wray_fw-fr sir_n john_n coventry_n sir_n edward_n hungerford_n sir_n john_n knevett_n sir_n philip_n boteler_n sir_n adrian_z scroop_z sir_n richard_n knightley_n sir_n henry_n heron._n sir_n john_n lewkenor_n sir_n george_n brown_n sir_n william_n tyrringhum_fw-la sir_n francis_n godolphin_n sir_n edward_n baynton_n sir_n greville_n verney_n sir_n edward_n harley_n sir_n edward_n walpool_n sir_n francis_n popham_n sir_n edward_n wise._n sir_n christopher_n calthrop_n sir_n richard_n edgcombe_n sir_n william_n bromley_n sir_n thomas_n bridges_n sir_n thomas_n fanshaw_n sir_n john_n denham_n sir_n nicholas_n bacon_n sir_n james_n altham_n sir_n thomas_n wendy_n sir_n john_n bramston_n sir_n george_n freeman_n sir_n nicholas_n slane_v sir_n richard_n ingoldsby_n sir_n john_n rolle_n sir_n edward_n heath_n sir_n william_n morley_n sir_n john_n bennet_n sir_n hugh_n smith_n sir_n simon_n leech_n sir_n henry_n chester_n sir_n robert_n atkyns_n now_o one_o of_o the_o justice_n of_o the_o common_a pleas._n sir_n robert_n gayre_a sir_n richard_n poll_n sir_n hugh_n ducy_n sir_n stephen_n hales_n sir_n ralph_n bash._n sir_n thomas_n whitmore_n of_o knights_z bachelor_n with_o what_o be_v incident_a to_o that_o degree_n of_o knighthood_n according_a to_o the_o law_n of_o england_n chap._n xxi_o the_o particular_a kind_n of_o service_n by_o which_o land_n of_o inheritance_n be_v distinguish_v be_v two_o viz._n knight_n of_o service_n and_o knight_n of_o soccage_n and_o in_o ancient_a time_n tenure_n by_o knight_n service_n be_v call_v regale_n servitiâ—m_n because_o it_o be_v do_v to_o and_o for_o the_o king_n and_o realm_n and_o forinsecum_fw-la servitium_fw-la as_o appear_v in_o the_o 19_o edw._n 2._o avowry_n 224._o 26._o ass._n p._n 66._o 7._o hen._n 4._o 19_o coke_n seven_o part_n 8._o a._n calvin_n case_n because_o they_o who_o hold_v by_o escuage_z oughts_z to_z do_v and_o perform_v their_o service_n out_o of_o the_o realm_n litt._n 35._o &_o ideo_fw-la forinsecum_fw-la dici_fw-la potest_fw-la sit_fw-la quia_fw-la &_o capitur_fw-la foris_fw-la &_o hujusmodi_fw-la servitia_fw-la persolvuntur_fw-la ratione_fw-la tenementorum_fw-la &_o non_fw-la personarum_fw-la and_o as_o knights-service-land_n require_v the_o service_n of_o the_o tenant_n in_o warfare_n and_o battle_n abroad_o so_o soccage-tenure_n command_v the_o attendance_n at_o the_o plough_n the_o one_o by_o manhood_n defend_v the_o king_n or_o his_o lord_n life_n and_o person_n the_o other_o by_o industry_n maintain_v with_o rent_n corn_n and_o victual_n his_o estate_n and_o family_n for_o king_n do_v thus_o order_v their_o own_o land_n and_o tenement_n one_o part_n they_o keep_v and_o detain_v in_o their_o own_o hand_n and_o in_o they_o stately_a house_n and_o castle_n be_v erect_v and_o make_v for_o their_o habitation_n and_o defence_n of_o their_o person_n and_o of_o the_o realm_n also_o forest_n and_o park_n be_v there_o make_v for_o their_o majesty_n recreation_n one_o other_o part_n thereof_o be_v give_v to_o the_o noble_n and_o other_o of_o their_o chivalry_n reserve_v tenure_n by_o knight_n service_n the_o three_o part_n be_v bestow_v upon_o man_n of_o mean_a condition_n and_o quality_n with_o reservation_n of_o soccage-tenure_n and_o in_o this_o manner_n the_o duke_n and_o noble_n among_o their_o menial_n and_o follower_n dissipate_v a_o great_a part_n of_o their_o land_n viz._n to_o their_o gentleman_n of_o quality_n to_o hold_v by_o knight_n service_n and_o to_o other_o of_o mean_a condition_n by_o soccage-tenure_n the_o right_a honourable_a s._n joseph_n williams_z on_o of_o milbeck_n hall_n in_o cumberland_n knight_n one_o of_o his_o majesty_n principal_a secretary_n of_o state_n &c_n &c_n a._n the_o honourable_a sr._n robert_n atkins_n of_o totteridge_n in_o hertford_n shire_n and_o of_o sapperton_n in_o gloucester_n shire_n knight_n of_o the_o bath_n and_o one_o of_o his_o majesty_n justice_n of_o the_o common_a plea_n &c_n &c_n a._n sr._n john_n bennet_n of_o dawly_n in_o mid_a sx_o kt._n of_o the_o honorable_n order_n of_o the_o bath_n lieutenant_n to_o his_o majesty_n band_n of_o gentleman_n pensioner_n and_o elder_a brother_n to_o the_o rt._n honorable_n henry_n earl_n of_o arlington_n who_o be_v first_o marry_v to_o elizabeth_n countess_n of_o mulgrave_n daughter_n to_o the_o earl_n of_o mid_a sx_o and_o now_o to_o bridget_n how_o of_o the_o family_n of_o sr._n grubham_n howe_n sr._n robert_n southwell_n knight_n one_o of_o the_o clerk_n attend_v his_o majesty_n king_n charles_n the_o second_o in_o his_o most_o honourable_a privy_a council_n &câ—t_a &câ—t_a sr._n hugh_n wyndham_n of_o silton_n in_o dorsetshire_n kt._n one_o of_o the_o justice_n of_o his_o majesty_n court_n of_o common_a plea_n at_o westminster_n eight_o sonn_v of_o s._n john_n wyndham_n of_o orchard-wyndham_n in_o somersetshire_n kt_n who_o be_v lineal_o descend_v from_o the_o ancient_a family_n of_o the_o wyndhams_n of_o felbrigg_n in_o norfolk_n â—ownâ—r_v thereof_o sr._n thomas_n daniel_n of_o beswick_n in_o the_o east_n rideing_n of_o yorkshire_n kt._n major_a to_o his_o majesty_n regiment_n of_o foot_n guard_n and_o captain_n of_o his_o majesty_n archchiffe_n fort_n in_o dover_n sr._n thomas_n mompessonâ—_n ancient_o montpintsonâ—_n of_o bathampton_n in_o wiltshire_n knight_n a_o person_n of_o eminent_a loyalty_n and_o suffering_n in_o the_o late_a trouble_n who_o family_n have_v be_v of_o great_a antiquity_n in_o the_o say_a county_n sr._n thomas_n lynch_n of_o great_a sonkey_n in_o lancashire_n kt._n one_o of_o the_o gentleman_n of_o his_o matyâ—_n privy_a chamber_n in_o ordinary_a and_o late_a governor_n of_o his_o ma_n â—â—â—_o island_n of_o jamaica_n decend_v of_o the_o lincâ—â—s_n of_o grove_n in_o kent_n and_o be_v now_o marry_v to_o vere_n herbert_n 2_o daughter_n of_o sr._n edw_n herbert_n sometime_o lord_n keeper_n of_o the_o groâ—t_a seaâ—e_n sr._n william_n pelham_n of_o brocklesby_n in_o lincolnshire_n kt._n who_o grandfather_n sr._n william_n pelham_n of_o the_o say_a place_n kt._n who_o be_v descend_v of_o the_o ancient_a family_n of_o the_o pelham_n of_o langhtoniâ—â—_n sussex_v be_v employ_v under_o queen_n eliz_n in_o the_o office_n of_o l_o d_o chief_a justice_n of_o ireland_n martial_n of_o the_o english_a force_v sentinto_fw-la the_o love_fw-mi country_n mastâ—â—_n of_o her_o ordnanceâ—_n and_o one_o of_o her_o privy_a council_n sr_n thomas_n daviâ—s_v of_o the_o city_n of_o london_n knight_n ld._n maior_n thereof_o anno_fw-la 1677._o sr._n william_n prichard_n of_o the_o city_n of_o london_n kt._n and_o alderman_n now_o marry_v to_o sarah_n daughter_n of_o francis_n
illis_fw-la some_o knight_n be_v return_v upon_o every_o venire_fw-la facias_fw-la by_o the_o statute_n of_o magna_fw-la charta_fw-la cap._n 12._o it_o be_v ordain_v that_o assize_n of_o novel_a disseison_n and_o mortdancester_n shall_v not_o be_v take_v any_o where_o but_o within_o the_o country_n where_o they_o happen_v by_o the_o justice_n of_o assize_n and_o the_o knight_n of_o the_o shire_n vide_fw-la westminster_n 2._o chap._n 30._o and_o by_o the_o seven_o and_o twenty_o of_o edward_n the_o first_o chap._n 30._o de_fw-la finibus_fw-la levandis_fw-la among_o other_o thing_n it_o be_v enact_v that_o for_o the_o utility_n of_o the_o realm_n and_o the_o more_o assure_a conservation_n of_o the_o peace_n the_o justice_n assign_v to_o take_v assize_n in_o all_o shire_n where_o they_o take_v assize_n as_o it_o be_v ordain_v immediate_o after_o the_o assize_n take_v in_o the_o shire_n shall_v remain_v both_o together_o if_o they_o be_v lay_v and_o if_o one_o of_o they_o be_v a_o clerk_n than_o one_o of_o the_o most_o discreet_a knight_n of_o the_o shire_n be_v associate_v unto_o he_o that_o be_v a_o layman_n by_o our_o writ_n shall_v deliver_v the_o goal_n of_o the_o shire_n as_o well_o within_o the_o liberty_n as_o without_o of_o all_o manner_n of_o prisoner_n after_o the_o form_n of_o the_o goal_n delivery_n of_o those_o shire_n beâ—ore_o time_n use_v also_o in_o the_o statute_n of_o westminster_n 21._o cap._n 38._o de_fw-la non_fw-la ponendis_fw-la in_o assizis_n &_o juratis_fw-la it_o be_v provide_v that_o the_o say_a statute_n shall_v not_o extend_v to_o grand_a assize_n in_o which_o it_o behove_v many_o time_n knight_n to_o pass_v not_o resident_a in_o the_o county_n for_o the_o scarcity_n of_o knight_n so_o that_o they_o have_v land_n in_o the_o shire_n and_o by_o the_o law_n knight_n have_v land_n may_v be_v return_v upon_o jury_n in_o ordinary_a trial_n between_o party_n and_o party_n as_o other_o freeholder_n may_v be_v and_o therefore_o in_o a_o challenge_n to_o the_o great_a assize_n under_o edward_n the_o three_o one_o be_v challenge_v pour_fw-fr ceo_fw-la qu'il_fw-fr fait_fw-fr abaner_n or_o as_o the_o abridgement_n have_v it_o a_o baronet_n but_o it_o be_v not_o allow_v and_o the_o reason_n be_v give_v car_n s'il_fw-fr soit_fw-fr à _fw-fr banner_n &_o ne_fw-fr tient_fw-fr pas_fw-fr per_fw-la barony_n il_fw-fr serra_fw-mi en_fw-fr l'assise_n of_o the_o double_a parity_n of_o england_n that_o be_v of_o baron_n and_o all_o dignity_n above_o they_o be_v peer_n of_o the_o realm_n and_o all_o other_o under_o they_o be_v peer_n among_o themselves_o for_o notwithstanding_o that_o dignity_n of_o knighthood_n they_o be_v reckon_v among_o the_o commons_o and_o we_o daily_o see_v that_o knight_n do_v serve_v in_o parliament_n as_o member_n of_o the_o commonalty_n nevertheless_o the_o sheriff_n in_o his_o discretion_n will_v not_o impannel_v knight_n but_o in_o special_a and_o great_a cause_n as_o in_o case_n of_o indictment_n of_o a_o peer_n of_o the_o realm_n they_o be_v to_o be_v inquire_v and_o find_v by_o knight_n and_o esquire_n though_o their_o trial_n shall_v be_v only_o by_o their_o peer_n and_o in_o 38_o hen._n 8._o henry_n howard_n earl_n of_o surrey_n son_n and_o heir_n apparent_a of_o thomas_n duke_n of_o norfolk_n be_v attaint_v of_o high_a treason_n and_o be_v try_v also_o by_o knight_n esquire_n and_o gentleman_n and_o not_o by_o lord_n or_o peer_n of_o the_o realm_n because_o he_o be_v not_o of_o that_o dignity_n by_o creation_n since_o the_o use_n of_o make_v every_o earl_n first_o a_o baron_n of_o some_o place_n which_o begin_v as_o most_o writer_n treat_v about_o the_o time_n of_o henry_n the_o eight_o it_o have_v be_v a_o custom_n to_o style_v their_o heir_n apparent_a lord_n and_o baron_n with_o the_o title_n of_o their_o father_n barony_n when_o viscount_n or_o baron_n heir_n apparent_a be_v only_o style_v esquire_n but_o this_o be_v only_o a_o piece_n of_o civility_n and_o of_o mere_a fashion_n yet_o it_o 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discover_v by_o the_o judge_n nevertheless_o upon_o impotency_n whereby_o he_o can_v come_v in_o court_n two_o or_o one_o of_o the_o justice_n by_o the_o consent_n of_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o justice_n shall_v go_v unto_o he_o and_o take_v his_o recognizance_n and_o if_o but_o one_o of_o they_o go_v he_o shall_v take_v a_o knight_n with_o he_o and_o shall_v certify_v it_o in_o the_o bench_n of_o record_n to_o the_o intent_n that_o all_o thing_n incident_a to_o the_o fine_a be_v examine_v by_o they_o and_o then_o the_o fine_a may_v be_v levy_v but_o after_o this_o good_a statute_n a_o worse_a custom_n and_o use_n have_v come_v in_o place_n for_o by_o a_o dedimus_fw-la potestatem_fw-la out_o of_o chancery_n to_o one_o knight_n and_o to_o a_o justice_n of_o the_o peace_n of_o the_o county_n in_o such_o case_n be_v procure_v and_o direct_v to_o a_o knight_n and_o two_o other_o who_o perhaps_o be_v neither_o knight_n nor_o justice_n but_o perhaps_o man_n of_o small_a estimation_n and_o 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177._o b._n quod_fw-la coronator_n non_fw-la elegatur_fw-la nisi_fw-la sit_fw-la mile_n in_o etc._n etc._n juxta_fw-la formam_fw-la statuti_fw-la westm._fw-la 1._o cap._n 10._o it_o be_v a_o receive_a opinion_n that_o knight_n be_v excuse_v from_o attendance_n at_o leet_n and_o britton_n 29._o &_o 36._o be_v cite_v to_o prove_v it_o and_o by_o a_o large_a understanding_n of_o the_o intent_n and_o meaning_n of_o the_o statute_n of_o marlbridge_n chap._n 10._o for_o the_o ancient_a common_a law_n have_v such_o respect_n to_o the_o degree_n of_o knighthood_n that_o they_o nor_o their_o elder_a son_n be_v compel_v to_o find_v pledge_n in_o the_o leet_n or_o law-day_n for_o the_o statute_n of_o marlbridge_n aforesaid_a be_v not_o introductiva_fw-la novae_fw-la legis_fw-la for_o it_o be_v before_o the_o conquest_n and_o the_o common_a law_n be_v not_o by_o this_o statute_n abridge_v and_o by_o the_o book_n call_v the_o mirror_n of_o justice_n mention_v in_o the_o preface_n to_o coke_n nine_o 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certain_a land_n in_o escuage_z like_z as_o the_o knight_n himself_o do_v of_o the_o king_n by_o knight_n service_n the_o beginning_n of_o give_v arm_n in_o europe_n among_o christian_n be_v suppose_v from_o the_o holy_a war_n for_o the_o turk_n paint_v they_o not_o and_o so_o with_o we_o about_o henry_n the_o three_o time_n they_o become_v here_o more_o firm_o establish_v and_o when_o the_o prince_n ennoble_v any_o he_o usual_o give_v they_o the_o particular_a of_o his_o bear_n in_o blazon_n john_n selden_n in_o his_o preface_n fol._n 5._o where_o you_o may_v also_o see_v a_o example_n in_o king_n richard_n the_o second_o but_o now_o there_o be_v five_o distinct_a sort_n of_o esquire_n observe_v and_o those_o that_o have_v be_v already_o speak_v of_o be_v now_o in_o no_o request_n of_o these_o sort_n the_o principal_a at_o this_o day_n be_v the_o elder_a son_n of_o viscount_n and_o lord_n next_o be_v all_o nobleman_n young_a son_n then_o be_v account_v those_o that_o be_v select_a 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against_o john_n a_o stiles_n yeoman_n and_o recovery_n be_v have_v whereas_o the_o tenant_n be_v a_o gentleman_n yet_o the_o recovery_n be_v good_a the_o same_o law_n where_o a_o release_n be_v make_v to_o john_n a_o stiles_n yeoman_n who_o be_v a_o gentleman_n and_o where_o addition_n be_v give_v by_o the_o party_n where_o it_o need_v not_o by_o the_o law_n be_v no_o dignity_n it_o be_v void_a so_o if_o a_o deed_n be_v make_v to_o a_o gentleman_n by_o the_o name_n of_o a_o yeoman_n for_o there_o be_v a_o great_a difference_n between_o deed_n and_o writ_n if_o a_o esquire_n be_v to_o be_v arraign_v of_o high_a treason_n he_o may_v and_o aught_o to_o be_v try_v per_fw-la probos_fw-la &_o legales_fw-la homines_fw-la that_o may_v expend_v forty_o shilling_n of_o freehold_n or_o be_v worth_a one_o hundred_o pound_n in_o the_o value_n of_o good_n and_o so_o the_o statute_n that_o do_v speak_v of_o man_n of_o his_o condition_n have_v always_o be_v put_v in_o ure_n dyer_n 99_o b._n note_v a_o knight_n have_v no_o other_o privilege_n by_o statute_n or_o common_a law_n the_o king_n may_v make_v a_o esquire_n by_o patent_n viz._n creamus_fw-la te_fw-la armigerum_fw-la etc._n etc._n note_v the_o preface_n to_o the_o print_a book_n of_o title_n of_o honour_n 5._o b._n &_o 318._o by_o the_o statute_n 21._o hen._n 8._o chap._n 13._o among_o other_o thing_n it_o be_v enact_v that_o the_o brethren_n and_o son_n bear_v in_o wedlock_n of_o every_o knight_n be_v spiritual_a man_n may_v every_o of_o they_o purchase_v licence_n or_o dispensation_n and_o receive_v take_v and_o keep_v two_o parsonage_n or_o benefice_n with_o cure_n of_o soul_n the_o son_n or_o son_n of_o any_o knight_n and_o heir_n apparent_a of_o a_o esquire_n be_v privilege_n to_o keep_v greyhound_n set_v dog_n or_o net_n to_o take_v pheasant_n or_o partridge_n though_o he_o can_v dispend_v ten_o pound_n in_o his_o own_o right_n or_o in_o his_o wife_n right_a of_o estate_n of_o inheritance_n or_o of_o the_o value_n of_o thirty_o pound_n of_o estate_n for_o life_n by_o the_o precedent_a discourse_n of_o knight_n bachelor_n we_o understand_v that_o all_o person_n by_o the_o common_a law_n be_v compellable_n to_o take_v the_o degree_n of_o knighthood_n or_o to_o fine_a if_o they_o be_v possess_v of_o such_o a_o estate_n as_o the_o king_n and_o his_o council_n shall_v judge_v fit_a to_o maintain_v that_o port_n in_o their_o country_n and_o his_o annual_a revenue_n deem_v fit_a for_o that_o dignity_n and_o the_o fine_n impose_v upon_o such_o as_o refuse_v we_o find_v in_o our_o history_n and_o statute_n to_o vary_v with_o the_o time_n and_o certain_o the_o best_a esquire_n or_o at_o lest_o none_o under_o the_o reputation_n of_o gentleman_n be_v compel_v although_o it_o be_v at_o the_o king_n pleasure_n and_o therefore_o 1_o edw._n 2._o stat._n de_fw-fr militibus_fw-la the_o parliament_n say_v sanderson_n more_o for_o ease_v of_o the_o subject_a than_o profit_n of_o the_o king_n limit_v it_o to_o such_o as_o have_v twenty_o pound_n per_fw-la annum_fw-la and_o better_a and_o afterward_o it_o be_v raise_v to_o thirty_o pound_n and_o a_o plentiful_a revenue_n in_o those_o time_n when_o a_o dowry_n of_o three_o thousand_o pound_n per_fw-la annum_fw-la to_o a_o queen_n be_v deem_v a_o great_a impoverishment_n to_o the_o crown_n and_o kingdom_n but_o the_o east_n and_o western_a part_n of_o the_o world_n be_v lay_v open_a to_o the_o merchant_n money_n begin_v to_o be_v more_o common_a and_o by_o consequence_n land_n to_o its_o value_n so_o that_o in_o the_o reign_n of_o king_n charles_n the_o first_o forty_o pound_n per_fw-la annum_fw-la be_v the_o rate_n set_v for_o such_o as_o ought_v to_o be_v make_v knight_n or_o to_o fine_a many_o farmer_n leaseholder_n merchant_n inholder_n and_o other_o be_v call_v in_o whereby_o above_o 100_o thousand_o pound_n be_v bring_v into_o the_o exchequer_n notwithstanding_o which_o divers_a person_n make_v friend_n and_o take_v the_o degree_n of_o knighthood_n which_o occasion_v the_o extinguishment_n of_o the_o ancient_a tax_n for_o many_o esquire_n by_o birth_n wealth_n and_o education_n who_o bear_v the_o chief_a office_n of_o honour_n and_o trust_v in_o the_o commonwealth_n disdain_v to_o stoop_v or_o give_v place_n to_o those_o new_a dub_a knight_n countenance_v the_o complaint_n of_o the_o common_a people_n against_o the_o law_n itself_o as_o a_o grievance_n and_o prevail_v so_o far_o in_o the_o follow_a parliament_n to_o get_v it_o repeal_v as_o you_o may_v see_v 17_o car._n chap._n 20._o since_o which_o time_n the_o difference_n between_o the_o degree_n of_o knighthood_n and_o dignity_n of_o a_o esquire_n consist_v only_o in_o title_n a_o double_a rate_n in_o the_o pole_n tax_n and_o priority_n of_o place_n which_o as_o i_o before_o note_v be_v often_o
in_o devon_n shire_n the_o right_a honourable_a richard_n butler_n second_o son_n to_o his_o grace_n james_n duke_n of_o ormond_n earl_n of_o arran_n viscount_n tulough_n â—nd_v baron_n of_o clougrenan_n in_o ireland_n and_o one_o of_o the_o lord_n of_o his_o majesty_n most_o honourable_a privy_a council_n for_o the_o say_a kingdom_n and_o baron_n of_o weston_n in_o england_n the_o right_a honorable_n heneage_n lord_n â—inch_v baron_n of_o doventry_n lord_n high_a chancellor_n of_o england_n &_o â—_o a_o the_o rt._n honorable_n walter_n ld._n aston_n baron_n of_o forfare_n in_o the_o kingdom_n of_o scotland_n who_o father_n sr._n walter_n aston_n kt._n of_o the_o bath_n &_o bart._n be_v in_o the_o 3_o of_o k._n ch_n the_o ist_o create_v to_o the_o sd._n dignity_n the_o right_a honourable_a coecilius_n coluert_n baron_fw-fr baltemore_n de_fw-fr baltemore_n in_o the_o kingdom_n of_o ireland_n absolute_a lord_n and_o proprietary_n of_o the_o province_n of_o maryland_n and_o avalon_n in_o 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currenti_fw-la for_o use_v and_o custom_n be_v the_o best_a expositor_n of_o the_o law_n and_o word_n quem_fw-la penes_fw-la arbitrium_fw-la est_fw-la &_o jus_o &_o norma_fw-la loquendi_fw-la in_o the_o lord_n chancellor_n speech_n in_o the_o case_n postnati_n fol._n 61._o and_o forasmuch_o as_o the_o word_n may_v apt_o be_v apply_v to_o import_v man_n of_o strength_n bracton_n as_o before_o appear_v not_o unapt_o use_v the_o signification_n thereof_o in_o these_o word_n sunt_fw-la &_o alii_fw-la potentes_fw-la sub_fw-la rege_fw-la qui_fw-la dicuntur_fw-la barones_n hoc_fw-la est_fw-la robur_fw-la belli_fw-la the_o antiquity_n of_o the_o dignity_n of_o baron_n and_o the_o sundry_a use_n of_o the_o name_n it_o seem_v that_o the_o dignity_n be_v more_o ancient_a than_o the_o name_n for_o in_o the_o ancient_a constitution_n there_o be_v no_o mention_n make_v of_o the_o name_n of_o baron_n howbeit_o the_o learned_a interpreter_n do_v understand_v that_o dignity_n to_o be_v comprehend_v under_o those_o which_o be_v there_o call_v valvasores_fw-la majores_fw-la and_o afterward_o call_v capitanei_fw-la for_o of_o the_o valvasors_n which_o be_v think_v to_o be_v the_o baron_n valvasores_fw-la minores_fw-la and_o valvasini_n or_o valvasores_fw-la minimi_fw-la the_o like_a dignity_n before_o the_o conquest_n have_v those_o which_o of_o the_o english-saxons_a be_v call_v thaine_n mill_n fol._n 28._o say_v baron_n be_v in_o france_n from_o the_o beginning_n nevertheless_o the_o name_n of_o baron_n be_v not_o much_o use_v in_o this_o kingdom_n until_o the_o norman_a conquest_n after_o which_o the_o word_n baron_n seem_v to_o be_v frequent_o use_v instead_o of_o thaine_z among_o the_o english-saxons_a for_o as_o they_o in_o general_a and_o large_a signification_n do_v sometime_o use_v the_o same_o to_o the_o sense_n and_o meaning_n and_o import_v of_o a_o freeman_n bear_v of_o a_o free_a parentage_n or_o such_o like_a so_o do_v the_o norman_n use_v the_o word_n baron_fw-fr and_o therefore_o call_v their_o best_a esteem_a town_n and_o borough_n by_o the_o name_n of_o baron_n and_o so_o the_o citizen_n of_o london_n be_v call_v baron_n londonni_n divers_a ancient_a monument_n of_o who_o also_o britan._n make_v mention_v fol._n 272._o &_o lib._n 5._o cap._n 14._o also_o there_o be_v divers_a charter_n wherein_o mention_n be_v make_v of_o such_o like_a baron_n and_o the_o baron_n of_o warwick_n in_o the_o record_n of_o domesday_n and_o unto_o our_o time_n the_o free_a burgess_n of_o the_o five_o privilege_a port_n and_o for_o that_o also_o divers_a of_o the_o nobility_n of_o baron_n as_o well_o spiritual_a as_o temporal_a do_v in_o ancient_a time_n sit_v in_o the_o exchequer_n to_o determine_v the_o matter_n there_o arise_v the_o judge_n of_o that_o court_n have_v be_v time_n out_o of_o mind_n call_v baron_n of_o the_o exchequer_n and_o â—â—lliam_fw-la de_fw-fr la_fw-fr poole_n be_v create_v a_o baron_n by_o king_n edward_n the_o three_o and_o make_v lord_n chief_a baron_n of_o the_o exchequer_n moreover_o as_o the_o english_a saxon_n have_v two_o kind_n of_o thaine_n the_o like_a have_v be_v observe_v as_o touch_v baron_n â—or_a the_o king_n and_o the_o monarch_n of_o the_o realm_n have_v their_o immediate_a baron_n be_v the_o peer_n of_o the_o realm_n and_o in_o like_a manner_n certain_a other_o of_o the_o nobility_n especial_o the_o earl_n which_o have_v jurisdiction_n palatine_n and_o earls-marshal_n who_o country_n have_v confine_v upon_o the_o coast_n of_o the_o enemy_n and_o have_v under_o they_o for_o their_o better_a defence_n a_o kind_n of_o baron_n as_o namely_o under_o the_o county_n palatine_n of_o chester_n be_v these_o baron_n viz._n the_o baron_n of_o hilton_n mountale_n molebanck_n shipbrooke_n malpas_n massa_n kinderton_n stockport_n etc._n etc._n the_o earldom_n of_o pembroke_n be_v first_o erect_v by_o arnulphus_n montgomery_n that_o conquer_a part_n of_o wales_n and_o therefore_o the_o earl_n thereof_o be_v a_o earl-marshal_n have_v also_o under_o he_o his_o baron_n as_o by_o the_o parliament_n roll_v 18_o edw._n 1._o do_v appear_v it_o have_v be_v therefore_o a_o common_a opinion_n receive_v that_o every_o earldom_n in_o time_n past_a have_v under_o it_o ten_o baron_n and_o every_o baron_n ten_o knight_n fee_n hold_v of_o he_o and_o that_o those_o which_o have_v four_o knight_n fee_n be_v usual_o call_v and_o promote_v to_o the_o degree_n of_o a_o baron_n also_o lord_n and_o proprietor_n of_o manor_n be_v in_o respect_n of_o they_o in_o ancient_a remembrance_n call_v baron_n but_o absolute_o and_o the_o court_n of_o their_o manor_n call_v thereof_o court_n baron_n it_o rest_v now_o for_o the_o more_o explanation_n of_o the_o use_n of_o the_o name_n of_o baron_n that_o we_o call_v to_o remembrance_n that_o which_o have_v be_v afore_o speak_v that_o the_o custom_n of_o our_o country_n be_v that_o if_o a_o baron_n be_v create_v earl_n the_o elder_a son_n of_o the_o say_a earl_n take_v upon_o 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baron_n spiritual_a by_o tenure_n and_o baron_n temporal_a by_o tenure_n of_o baron_n spiritual_a by_o tenure_n sufficient_a be_v say_v whereunto_o may_v be_v add_v that_o it_o appear_v by_o all_o the_o ancient_a writer_n of_o our_o law_n as_o briton_n glanvile_n bracton_n and_o the_o rest_n that_o the_o archbishop_n and_o bishop_n of_o the_o realm_n in_o the_o ancient_a saxon_n day_n as_o well_o during_o the_o time_n that_o the_o realm_n be_v divide_v into_o divers_a kingdom_n as_o also_o after_o the_o unite_n of_o they_o into_o one_o monarchy_n be_v call_v to_o parliament_n or_o assembly_n of_o state_n as_o wiseman_n not_o so_o much_o in_o respect_n of_o their_o tenure_n for_o in_o those_o day_n all_o their_o tenor_n be_v by_o a_o frank_n almoigne_z but_o especial_o for_o that_o the_o law_n and_o counsel_n of_o man_n be_v then_o most_o currant_n and_o commendable_a and_o have_v a_o more_o bless_a issue_n and_o success_n where_o they_o be_v ground_v upon_o the_o law_n of_o god_n the_o root_n and_o beginning_n of_o