met him in Connaught with Mac Morris Oswilliuan More the Knight of Kerry and certaine Septs of the Galloglasses who accompanied him to Limbrick where there came vnto him all the principall persons of that Prouince sauing the chiefe of the County of Corke as the Lords Barry and Roche Sir Owen-Mac-Carthie and others who did accompany their Sheriffe Sir William Stanley prouided to entertaine him and present themselues vpon the Confines of their owne County but were preuented by the Northerne newes already mentioned the Deputy hauing changed his purpose of visiting those parts Malachias Amalone a Fryar conuerted In this passage thorow Connaught Malachias Amalone brother to Mac William Eughter who had long beene a Fryar was brought vnto him and by him with priuate consultation and dispute made to vnderstand his errours Hee publiquely and before a great Assembly did renounce the Pope and Romish Religion gaue ouer his order and habit and made his Recantation by professing himselfe a Protestant and conformable to the Religion established in her Maiesties Dominions With these courses of Prouidence Iustice ending of Controuersies and taking security for the preseruation of future Peace the people generally seemed to be well pleased and satisfied but in nothing more then with the correction of the Sheriffes corruptions and limiting them to a small number of followers who had formerly vsed with Multitudes to trauaile and Cesse vnder colour of Seruice to the grieuous oppression of the Country so as mixing the peoples case from exaction with their reformation they gladly yeelded to the hardest conditions that colde bee desired to keepe them in obedience and due subiection These parts being left to the care of the Iustices and other selected Commissioners The Deputy retired with as much celerity as hee could towards Dublin and in his way as hee passed through Leix hee tooke Pledges of Fiaugh Order taken with the heads of Lemster for the certainty of their obedience Mac Hugh the Fierbrand of the Mountaines betweene Dublin and Wexford which were his Sonne and Vncle and for the rest of his Sept the Obyms and O-Tooles Sir Henry Harrington the Captaine and Commaunder of that Country was appointed to receiue the liâ—e The two brethren of the Oconnors who vsed to be followed with great troupes of Sauaging and idle people doing and threatning mischiefe to the Queene and Kings Counties and the parts adioyning submitted themselues there to the Deputy and were by him reduced to a more orderly course by putting away their idle men and bringing their Sept and followers into a smaller proportion according to their quality After the death of Iames More alias Meigh the Mores who challenge dominion in Lâ—ix were deuide into two or three Septs them the Deputy caused to render Pledges for their Loyalties as the Oconnors had done The Canaâ—aghs not being ready with their Pledges who are the bordering busie men of the Counties of Wexford Catherlogh and Kildare were respited to performe the same to Sir Henry Wallop Sir Nicholas Walsh and other Commissioners appointed for the suruaying the Forts of Mary Burgh and Philips Towne The Forts of Mary-Burgh and Philips Towne built by the Earle of Sussex Philips Towne and the Kings County was assigned to the commaund of Sir George Bourgier and Mary Burgh with the Queenes County to Captaine Warham St. Leger which Forts were built and Counties so named in Queene Maries time by the Earle of Sussex then Lieutenant of Ireland before begun by Edward Bollingham being otherwise called Leix and Ophaly these being the first Counties that The King and Queens Counties diuided by the Earle of Sussex had beene in this Kingdome since King Iohns Reigne at what time the twelue first Shires were established which enlarging of the English Plantation was a Seruice of very great moment those two Irish Septs of Mores and Oconnors possessing these two Countries being the most powerfull Rebels of Lemster at that time and by this good Earle and his Predecessour happily brought vnder The Orealies as wel Sir Iohn as Philip being then in controuersie were thence suÌ„moned by the Lord Deputy to repaire to him at Dublin which shortly after they performed and submitted their cause to his order who appeased their controuersie by setling an indifferent course betweene them to both their lykings Hauing secured all the Westerne parts in the manner as is declared which was certified vnto England by those of the Priuie Councell that attended him in this iourney he repaired to Dublin vpon the 9. day of August hauing bin absent a moneth wanting two daies where he remained sixteene dayes to make prouision of conuenient power and meanes for his Northerne iourney for to resist the Inuasion of the Scottish Ilanders whereof his intelligence did dayly encrease and to suppresse the rebellious purpose of the Vlster Confederates making the greater hast to keepe them from vniting His force which hee could on such a suddaine make was the Earle of Ormond and his Rising out The Earle of Thomond and his The Army for the North. From Mounster the Lord Barrys his Rising out sent by his brother The Lord Roche and Fitz Gibon called the white Knight with theirs The rising out of the County of Kildare The Lord of Trimelstowne with the rising out of Meathe The Vice-Count Gormâ—nstowne and the Lord of Heathe with other rising out of the English Pale being such of the olde English discent as were tyed by their tenures and custome of Seruice to leauy certaine Horse and Foote called Risings out to attend the Deputy or chiefe Gouernour for a time without the Princes charge in all Seruices of importance when hee went himselfe in person To these were added ten English Companies of Foote of one hundred in each Company vnder the Command 1 Sir Henry Wallops Company commanded by his Lieutenant 2 Captaine Rees ap Hugh the Prouost Marshall 3 Captaine Thomas Lea. 4 Captaine Bethell 5 Captaine Randal Brewerton 6 Captaine Merryman 7 Captaine Mince 8 Captaine Parker 9 Captaine Collum 10 Captaine Bangor These Companies Risings out and some halfe Companies of Kerne brought by particular Irish Lords being ready The Deputy accompanied with the afore-named Lords Generall Norreys Lord President of Moâ—nster Sir Nicholas Bagnall then Marshall of Ireland Captaine Iaques Wingfield then Master of the Ordnance Sir George Bourchier Sir William Stanley Mr. Thomas Norreys Sir Henry Harrington all Gouernours Commanders and most of them ancient Captaines well experienced with him likewise went Sir Robert Dillon chief Iustice of the Common Pleas Sir Lucas Dillon chiefe Baron of the Exchequer Sir Nicholas White Master of the Rolls Master Ieffrey Fenton Secretary of the State Master Henry Bagnall Sir Edward Denny Sir Iohn Tyrrell of Farrtallaugh Master Dudleigh Bagnall Sir Henry Cooley Sir Thomas More Sir Anthony Brabauson Warham Saint Leger Henry Warren and William Warren his brother set-forwards from Dublin the fiue and twenty day of August and came to the Newry the 29. thereof where
whom the Queene had not in her Dominions a more able and sufficient Gentleman and that did more neerely lay his actions to a good conscience so as he did nothing but by the warrant thereof and nothing did argue his duty to God and his Princemore then his The hard cause held against Sir Richara Bingham vniust fall notwithstanding his prime desert in that â—nhappy Kingdome by the deprauing and malicious courses of those Instruments that in time prosecuted the like against him as they did now against this Deputy of whom wee now treat till the light of his innocencie cleared him though too late from their aspersion brought him to a new further aduancement in that Kingdome though his great heart disdayning the iniustice was done him would not hold out long enough to prosecute the seruice which was in his power to performe but ere I come to relate this tragicall misdeede I must mention his vertuous actions by which hee got the hate of his worthlesse Aduersaries and must recommend the Earle of Clanrikard who being a most noble Gentleman and loyall Subiect was one of the principall in this Seruice After treaties succeeded Inquisitions to finde what quantity there was in each Barony The couenants between the Queene and the Lords of Connaught and who were found owners thereof Indentures were drawne betweene the Deputy in the behalfe of the Queene on the one part and the chiefe possessioners in the seuerall Precincts on the other expressing so many quarters and quantities of Land with the Rents thereon reserued and such other couenants as were therein contained In the County of Clare and Thomond the Earle of Clanrikard the Baron of Inseâ—â—uin the Bishop of Killalowe the Elect Bishoâ— of Kilfanorough with diuers Knights and chiefe Gentlemen subscribed to an Indenture of couenants for the perpetuall paying out of the nine Baronies of that County amounting 177 quarters Certaine Freedomes were granted to some speciall persons some quarters of Land to be exempted from this imposition In consideration whereof the Lords and Owners of those Lands did likewise couenaot with the Deputy that the names stiles and Titles of Captainship chiefly and all other Irish Authorities and Iurisdictions heretofore vsed by the Lords Chiefetaines and Gentlemen together with all elections and customary diuisions of Lands which had occasioned great strife and diuision amongst them should be thenceforth vtterly renounced extinct and abollished The like composition was made vpon the same conditions with the Lords spirituall and temporall The Chiefetaines Gentlemen and Freeholders in the County of Maio containing nine Baronies and 1448 quarters of Land euery quarter esteemed to be 120 Acres so that out of this 1448 quarters found in this County there being graunted so much to bee free as there remained 1200 quarters chargeable which amounted to sixe hundred pound sterling in that County There was also by the same composition and couenants to be maintained by the County for the Seruice of the Prince forty good able Horsemen furnished and two hundred Footemen well Armed at their owne costs and charges whensoeuer they should be called or commanded thereto by the Deputy or chiefe Gouernour of the Realme or by the chiefe Officer of the said Prouince and to finde fifteene good Horsemen and fifty Footemen well furnished in such sort as the Peeres and English Bishops ought to doe the same The like composition was made for the County of Sligo all other Counties Countries Baronies and Territories of this Prouince By the eighth of September 1585 the Commissioners had trauailed through the Okelleys Country all Thomond Clanrickard Eighter Connaught and the rest of the County of Galway which Mac William Eighter and the rest of his name which were of many branches besides the petty Lords and other of the second ranke in their Sir Nicholas White his letter to the Lord Deputy Countries So that as Sir Nicholas White certified to the Lord Deputy they conceiued hope to come home loaden with Pledges and leaue that Country vnloaden of many Macks and Oos translated by their owne assent vnto which their hands Seales were had to a better course and more certainty of liuing then hitherto they could afford themselues In the aduertisement of these affaires Sir Nicholas White did propound vnto the Deputy an ingenious Enigma or Ridle That all sorts were eased with their bearing and yet her Maiesties reuenue with the Liuings of the Lords encreased From the County of Mayo the Commissioners were to repasse to the County of Sligo and so homewards to the County of Roscoman The Commissioners doubtfull to meddle with Orurk With Orurkes Country called Letrim they were doubtfull how to meddle considering the condition of himselfe and his Country both vnciuill and vnruly In those places where they had dealt they began to erect Mannours to hold of her Maiestie besides the Compositions and Royalties reserued vnto the Crowne Vpon the returne of this Commission and the Indentures thereupon drawne as formerly mentioned It appeareth there were found in that Prouince 8169 quarters of Land whereof Freedomes were graunted to 2339 so then remained chargeable 6836 whereon there were reserued in yearely Rent to her Maiesty and the Crowne 3418 pound fiue shillings eight pence sterling with the Seruice of so many Horse and Foote as is already mentioned and hereafter set downe Horsemen for rising out within the Prouince of Connaught vpon their owne victuals 224 Horsemen for rising out within the same Prouince for forty dayes vpon their owne victuals 88 Footemen for rising out within the Prouince vpon their owne victuals 1054 Footemen for rising out of the Prouince for forty dayes vpon their owne victuals 332 The Tawnist was cut off in that Prouince Mac William Enghters Country being the lower Bourkes was deuided into fiue parts The Lords and their Tenants were agreed together for a certaine Rent in lieu of all exactions That Prouince was deuided into sixe Counties or Shieres where there were but three before for so I finde it in a note vnder the Deputies Sir Iohn Perrots owne hand yet by another painefull Author I see it mentioned that Sir Henry Sidney made the whole sixe Counties Clare Galway Sligo Mayo Roscomon and Letrim then but one as he had formerly done the County of Longford in Lemster being before called the Annaly or Oferralls Country but I suppose he is mistaken being deuided and The Counties of Connaught deuided by Sir Iohn Perrot not by Sir Henry Sidney peraduenture named by Sir Henry Sidney but perfected by Sir Iohn Perrot Iustices of Assize were ordained and Shriefes and Iustices of the Peace with other inferiour Officers were established in most parts of this Prouince This Seruice so auaileable to the State by cutting off the Inferiours depending onely vpon the Superiour was affected beyond the expectation of many who could not conceiue that Chiefetaines would easily condiscend to quit their cuttings Cosherias and other Irish exactions of so long
promise of from the Queene who sent him word shee would shortly prouide him a Successour In the meane time to preuent farther trouble in Ireland that he might leaue all things in as great security as possibly he could hee as one of his last but not least Seruices sends for all the Lords and Chiefes which might in any The Deputy taketh pledges of all the suspected persons in Ireland part bee suspected to take part with the forraigne Enemie if any attempt should be made in that Kingdome by them as was doubted and of all these demaunded Pledges for their owne faithfulnesse and the quietnesse of their people and for the more easie enclining them to this demaund which seemed at first harsh vnto them he made a solemne speech wherein hee declared that it was done as well for their owne good as for the Kingdomes quiet for hee knew that the Queene would be well pleased with their willingnesse to yeeld testimony of their loyalty vnto her which could not but make them better accepted trusted in the time to come protesting that if the case concerned him as it did them he should chuse rather at this time to be bound then to be left at liberty within the danger of suspition being a deepe corrosiue to euery well meaning man as he assured himselfe they all were howsouer their former slips had made them apt to be doubted aduising them to vse all good meanes for the conseruation of Peace in each of their Dominions whereby their pledges might shortly haue freedome and they themselues gaine a better estimation for euer By this perswassion they did with lesse grudging and contradiction yeeld pledges which were bestowed in the Castle of Dublin so as all the Heads of all the Prouinces in Ireland were tyed by this meanes to quietnesse and subiection which at that time was most necessary because the Deputy by diuers good intelligences out of Spaine whereof hee had giuen speedy and often information into England knew the Spanish preparations were great and whether intended for England or Ireland or for both was not certaine but Ireland threatned by the common bruite This done the Deputy writes againe to the Queene humbly thanking her that at his suit and for the recouery of his health which now began to impaire shee had beene pleased to promise his discharge from that Gouernement and withall besought her speedily to send his Successour vsing the same reasons he had formerly done when it was bruited he should bee remoued before it was intended the loose people being indeede apt out of their euill affection to take aduantage of the time and to attempt that which they durst not doe in a confirmed and well countenanced Gouernement At length when this good Deputy had gouerned foure yeares with much trauaile and good successe notwithstanding the opposition mentioned in this discourse of priuate and particular Aduersaries the enuiers of his felicity hee obtained his discharge And Sir Sir William Fitz-Williams sent into Ireland William Fitz-Williams was sent to succeede him who had formerly gouerned that Kingdome with liking and commendation which though it bred some hope in the people that hee would build well vpon his Predecessours platforme yet it could not keepe the peoples eyes from teares for the losse of Sir Iohn Perrott such impression had his vpright and cleane handed Gouernement vnusuall to that vnhappy Kingdome taken in their hearts as appeared at his departure The Deputy giueth a Cup to the Citie of Dublin Before his deliuery of the Sword he gaue a couered Cup of Siluer guilt to the Maior and Citie of Dublin with these words vppon the top engrauen In Pace relinquo meaning that hee left the Citie and Kingdome in peace At the deliuery of the Sword in Christs-Church hee tolde the new Deputy Sir William Fitz Williams in the publique hearing of many of whom some are yet liuing Now my Lord since that by her Maiesties direction I haue giuen vp the Gouernement of this Kingdome into your hands I must giue your Lordship to vnderstand and I thanke God I may say so that I leaue it in perfect peace and tranquility which I hope your Lordship will certifie vnto her Maiestie and the Lords of her Councell to whom the Deputy made answere that he confessed it to be so and wished he might leaue it no worse Then my Lord replyed Sir Iohn Perrot I must adde thus much That if there bee any man in this Kingdome suspected to be euill minded to the State who is able to drawe but sixe Sword-men after him into the field if he haue not already put in pledges for his fidelity so your Lordship shall thinke it necessary I will vndertake though now but a priuate man to send for him and if hee come not within twentie dayes I will forfait the credit and reputation of my Gouernement whereto the Deputy answered that all was well it needed not The loue of the Irish State vnto Sir Iohn Perrot At Sir Iohn Perrotts departure from Dublin after hee had left the Sword many of the Nobility Gentry and Commons of that Kingdome came thither to see and take their leaue of him so that as hee went from his Lodging to the Key to take Boate. The presse of People comming to salute him some with cries of applause and some with teares bemoaning his departure was so great that he was well-neere two houres before hee could passe the Streete and was enforced twice or thrice to take house for his ease to auoyde the throng amongst whom Tirlogh Leynaugh was one who comming along with him to his Boate and standing at the Key vntill hee sawe his Ship vnder sayle did then weepe and grieuously bewayle his departure Such power hath the opinion of Iustice and sincere gouernement to make euen them that are barbarous to loue the Ministers thereof though themselues know not the things but by the effects At Sir Iohn Perrots going to Sea the Citizens of Dublin in testimony of their loue sent with him some of their young men with Shot to guard him into Pembroke Shire who passed with him to his Castle called Carewe whence hee was not long after called to the Court to be made a Priuie Councellour the step to his fall and ruine Sir Nicholas Whites expression of Sir Iohn Perrots Gouernment Of his Gouernement Sir Nicholas White Master of the Rolles in Ireland and a learned man wrote these fewe words Pacificauit Connaciam Relaxauit Mediam Subiuganit Vltoniam Fregit Lageniaem Ligauit Mononiam Extirpauit Scotos Refrenauit Anglos Et his omnibus per aquè vectigal acquisiuit Reginae Thus Englished He pacified Connaught loosened the bonds of Meathe subdued Vlster brake the bonds of combination in Leynster and bound fast in obedience Mounster Hee extirped the Inuading Scots bridled the bolde Extortions of the English and to all these added much to the Queenes reuenew for besides the compositions in Vlster and Connaught mentioned in this discourse hee drew new encrease and reseruations of Rents Tenures and Seruices from many Lords of Territories and Seruices from many Lords of Territories and sundry other persons in the seuerall Prouinces The particulars are yet extant to be seene though tedious here to be set downe which hee did vpon Surrenders renewing of their Estates which bred a double benefit vnto the Crown the better assurance of their Loyalties and the aduancement of reuenew These Seruices so well begun if they had beene perfected had made that Kingdome more peaceable rich ciuill and subiect to good Gouernement but want of time which makes the best begunne workes to misse the period of their perfection And Enuie which crosseth the best Designes left this mans Gouernement though successefull yet without the full fruite with his longer stay well seconded might haue brought forth But all humane affaires must haue their Periods and the successe of good or euill in them all will bee euer in some sort answerable to the Actors intentions FINIS
State opened and coppied by a Captaine trusted with the conueyance thereof and by him certified to the Traytor Tyrone but in the way intercepted by the Marshal Sir Henry Bagnall The originall of these Cyphers are yet to bee seene with the worthy Sonne of that most worthy Father Sir Henry Wallop of whom since my heart vpon good knowledge of him guides my Pen I craue pardon for digressing from my matter now in hand to speake a word of him He was of an auncient family and an Inheritour of a faire fortune which he managed with so much prouidence as it being seconded by a well knowne wisedome hee was Elected to this place of Vice-Treasurer and Treasurer at Warres in Ireland which as I haue often credibly heard he was vnwilling to accept of not because the place was in the Market at a price to be had according to the Custome of France but freely disposed as all Offices were by that glorious Queene who well vnderstood that he which buyes deare must sell at the same rate by which meanes the poore Subiect whose weale lay next her heart must suffer inconuenience but out of feare that treasure which corrupts most men might doe no lesse to him This place hee discharged many yeares with so cleane hands and so vpright a heart as hee added not to his fortune any matter of moment but at his death was found vpon an euen ground neither in debt to the Queene nor to be charged with any gratuity from Officer Captaine or other in that Kingdome and carried this report to his graue that neuer Treasurer so wise and prouident enioyed so long and reaped so little benefit by so beneficiall a place and dyed without the Taynt of corruption either in that Office or any other which hee held by the fauour of the State in that Kingdome The Lord Deputy hauing performed this with many other things of importance set forwards on his iourney into Connaught where hee dealt with the chiefe Lords to change their custome of strife and controuersie at this time frequent into amity and friendship Charity breeding Piety and both establishing ciuility as the Earles of Thomond and Clanrichard the Lord Bremigham the Burghs of Euter Connaught the Okelleis Oconnor Roe Oconnor Don Oconnor Sligo mac-Mac-William Eughter Murtho-ne-doe-Oflarty The Oneales Mac Trenor Mac Mahond Mac Enispoc both the Mac Nemurroes the two Mac Mahones and all the Chiefes of Connaught and Thomond that both they and the meaner Subiect might be preserued in peace without priuate wrongs for assurance of their loyalties and the readier payment of their compositions He put to death Donnogh Beg Obryan Donnogh-Beg-Obryan put to death a bioudy murtherer and spoyler of the good Subiect with sixe of his accomplices This naughty person shewed as much resolution in suffering death as before he had manifested cruelly in his bloudy actions which did argue the goodnesse of the seruice in cutting him so timely off for he that wants remorce of conscience at the time of his death is in his soule delighted in doing mischiefe The practise of Surleboys inuading Vlster discouered Hee passed on to Limbrick in the Prouince of Mounster where hee receiued intelligence from the Baron of Donganon Sir Nicholas Bagnall the Marshall Captaine Mince then lying in Odonnells Country and others of the approach of a Thousand Scottish Islanders called Redshankes being of the Septs or Families of the Cambiles Macconnells and Macgalanes drawne to inuade Vlster by Surleboys one of that Nation who had vsurped and by power and strong hand possessed himselfe of the Macguilies and other mens Lands in Vlster called the Glimes and the Routes meaning to hold that by force which hee had gotten without right by violence fraud and iniurie The Deputy at the same time receiued priuate notice of a Messenger sent from the Irish of Vlster to stirre vp the Lords and Chiefes of Mounster and Connaught to ioyne with them in Rebellion for whom he caused wayte to be Tirlogh Leynaghs fosterer taken layde and had him apprehended and brought to himselfe who vpon examination after some deniall confessed that hee was Tirlogh Leynagh then called Oneales fosterer and by him imployed to procure those people to ioyne in Rebellion with him and his Accomplices according to a former combination made before his Lordshippes arriuall in that Kingdome when it was destitute of an vnderstanding Commander or such a Garrison of Souldiers as was fit to answere such an occasion hereby expressing the condition of that people to watch all opportunity to deliuer themselues from the yoake of the English gouernment and hee confessed withall that now hauing moued the Lord Fitzmorrice and some other Lords of Mounster to enter into The opinion of the Deputies Iustice kept the Lord Fitzmorrice and others frō Rebellion the promised Insurrection hee was answered by them that since Sir Iohn Perrot who all that Country knew and esteemed to be a iust man was arriued and made Deputy none of them would stirre so long as hee and the Earle of Ormonde continued in that Kingdome so as the cause which makes the English gouernment heauy to that people plainely appeares to be the corruption of our Gouernours else had not Sir Iohn Perrot whose sincerity was knowne to them had more power to containe them in obedience then another of his Country and quality should haue had in the processe of this Story it will likewise appeare that Oneale himselfe was wonn to loyalty and a peaceable subiection merely by the Iustice of this Deputy when hee came once to be knowne amongst them of the North. Neuerthelesse the newes of the Preparation in Vlster The Deputies returne to preuent the Ilanders and the danger of a discent of the Scottish Islanders there being by the Deputy wel weighed broke off his farther proceedings in that Prouince and called him backe to the preuention of the same leauing this Prouince secured by taking Pledges of all suspected persons and constituting in each Country trusty and able Gouernours to keepe the people in obedience if any stirre should happen in his absence taking the President of Mounster who was desirous to accompany him along with him to the Northerne Expedition and appointing such as he suspected to attend him to Dublin ordaining in his absence the County of Corke to be gouerned by the Iustices Walshe and Miagh The Sheriffe Sir William Stanley the Lords Barry and Roche the County of Limbrick to the Prouost Marshall the County of Desmond to the Earle of Clancarthie Sir Owen Oswilliuan and Oswilliuan More The County of Kerry to the Sheriffe and the Lord Fitz-Morris with others whose pledges hee tooke with him The Liberty and County of Tipperary whose Iurisdiction was by Charter challenged to belong to the Earle of Ormonde he left as he found it to the auncient course of gouernment vnder Thomas the then Earle a man of singular wisedome and loyalty and by her Maiestie highly fauoured This Earle first
impregnable Castles of that Ringdome being scituated vpon a Rocke hanging ouer the Sea and deuided from the Marine with a narrow neck of Land or Rocke not aboue foure foote broad and fifty foote long the denthes of each side being at the least ten fathome The Castle it selfe commaunding the passage is seated vpon a hard Rock which hath in it Caues as it were Sellers which would secure the guard though the Castle were battered and beaten downe Here was at this time a strong Ward commanded by a Scottish Captaine who being summoned to deliuer vp the Castle to the Queene resolutely denied protesting to defend it to the last man whereupon the Deputy hoping the terrour of the Canon might dismay the Ward for other hope hee had not to win so strong a place drew his Forces nearer planted his Artillary being two Culuerings and two Sakers for battery This Ordnance was brought by Sea from Dublin to Skerreys Portrushe and thence being two miles was drawne by mens hands through want of other meanes to this place The Ward of the Castle played thick with their small Shot vpon the Souldiers that made the appraoch much to the discouragement of the workemen and impeachment of the worke being within Musket shot The Deputy seeing the Souldiers shrinke commaunded some of his owne seruants to supply the places of them that were fearefull to fill the Gabions and make good the ground himselfe encouraging A worthy part of a Deputy both them and the rest by giuing not onely his presence but his hand to the worke by which meanes the Ordnance was planted the blinders set vp the Canoniere beginning to play which at first did little annoy the Castle or the Ward therein but within a little time the Pile began to shake through continuance and the discharging at once of the Artillary Then the courages of the Ward vnused to the defence of such places began to quaile insomuch Parley with the Castle of Don Luce. as the next morning a Parley is demaunded and conditions propounded leaue to depart with bagge and baggage is by the Deputy granted as well to take time while the feare lasted to preuent such resolution as despaire a better consideration of the strength of the place might yeeld them as to saue the charge of reedifying the Castle which he intended to keepe for the Queene being a place of no small importance Besides the small prouision was then in the Armie not easily supplied in that place in a short time by which meanes other intended seruice of no lesse if not more importance might be hindred was another motiue of sauing time and charge which had bin spent if the Captaine had continued in his first resolution and peraduenture without successe to the Deputy who stoode in doubt of the losse of many men in the assault through the difficulty of the entry as is before mentioned howsoeuer it would assuredly Surrender of the Castle of Don Luce. haue cost more time then had stood with the conueniency of the Seruice After surrender of this place and a Ward there established he tooke in the Fort of Don-fret The taking of Don-Fret and another Castle the Ward hauing quitted it before and another Castle or Pile neare Portrush All Surleboys Loghs and Ilands were left without Submission of Surleboys defence so as hee had no place of strength within the mayne to flye vnto but the woods The Ranglings being the chiefest refuge for the inuading Ilanders to make their aboade in as the vsuall Rendeuous where they consulted vpon the course of their Inuasion Surleboys thus beaten from his holdes Iudging no continuance of safety to be in his flight sued at length for mercy as all the rest of his Confederates had done which in after time through the necessity of the season and the want of prouision the Deputy much against his minde granted well waighing what good Seruice it would haue beene vtterly to haue extirped the nest of these greedy valtures but necessity oftentimes ouer-rules iudgement Odonnell and Sir Owen O-Toole come to the Deputy During the Deputies aboade here Odonnell the principal Lord of Tireconnell and Sir Owen O Toole came and presented themselues vnto him There Tirlogh Lenaugh and the other chiefe Lords of Vister submitted their differences and Controuersies vnto his Order The Deputy brings the wilde Irish to the vse of law whom hee caused to impleade each other by bill and answere in a legall manner an vnusuall course to them who had beene euer accustomed to try all by the strength of the sword which mischiefe had euer kept that Country in barbarisme He ministred an oath of Alleageance and the obseruation of her Maiesties peace vnto them which they by his perswasion The beginning of the composition of Vlster willingly accepted Hee drew them to a composition proportionably to finde the Queene a certaine number of Souldiers in Garison to whose charge she should contribute onely 250. pound a yeare to euery Company of a hundred for their maintainance and the rest should bee payd by the Country in this manner Tirlogh Leynaugh who stiled himself Oneale for him and the rest whom hee claymed to be vnder him as Ochane and Macguire should giue allowance to fiue hundred Souldiers with the addition mentioned Odonnell and his followers should doe the like to 200 Macguilly and his followers to 100 Foote and 25 Horse Before the Deputies departure hence the Lady Cambell Donnell Grome and Oneales Submission of the Lady Cambell others wifes sonne came and tendered their submission whom hee receiued into pardon and protection and passed vnto them her Maiesties promised grant procured by his mother for so much of the Glimes as were sometime Massets Lands for which he should pay yearely 50 Beefes and finde vpon his charge 80 Souldiers to serue in any part of Vlster at the Gouernours commaund The Deputy preuented from passing further into the Rawghlings as he intended for the vtter rooting out of Surleboys by the approach of Winter and want of victuall the one vsually making the passages difficult by the riuers rising vpon the fall of raine and the winde and weather hindring the others arriuall which had beene long since shipped at Dublin so as now victuall was very scant in the Armie hee determined of his returne homewards hauing happily begun and hopefully proceeded in this reformation of the North. At which time fell a suddaine and dangerous storme by which the Riuers grew great and likely to Retreate of the Deputy homewards proue worse which enforced him to speede his retreat not willing to giue aduantage to a perfidious people but would rather leaue to another time the perfection finishing of this work which he had moulded in his iudgement for the future securing of this quarter and dispossessing these fugitiues that had crept and intruded into it But necessity which controules great actions and ouer-maisters the best
accompanie him in these his iourneyes wherein it is to be noted that it was a wise part of the Deputy to cause his actions to be iustified by others who were Generall Norreys Sir Lucas Dillon The Councels report to the Lords of the successe in Vlster Sir Edward Waterhouse and Mr. Ieffrey Fenton Some so iust as they would enforme no vntruthes and some vsing alwayes to depraue from the Gouernours there For the condition of our State was rather to deminish the acts of the Deputy to her Maiestie then to grace them by a true relation least as his merit might challenge rewards so the weight of his actions cast into the ballance of her discerning iudgement might shew the lightnesse of their owne little doings Thus much to the indifferent But most of our great men did not rellish Sir Iohn Perrots stoutnesse who stoode vpon his owne feete onely without dependancy vpon any of them but the Queene alone which made them enuious of all his good Seruices but now their mouthes were stopped her Maiestie being satisfied of the trueth by so indifferent Relators Now was it found time by the Deputy to consult how these good beginnings might be prosecuted and that which was done might not be euerted by the inconstancy of a wauering and yet vnbrideled people who being brought by force onely to yeeld to that which is good will bee good no longer then while force constraines them vntill their ignorance how farre the good extendes to their owne particular be taken away by their taste and feeling which in an instant comes not to The Deputy writes for Soldiers to be sent out of England passe Therefore to this end hee propounded to her Maiestie and Councell that sixe hundred Souldiers might be sent ouer whereof 400 to land at Dublin for supply of the Northern Garrison and two hundred to be sent to Waterford to be placed in Mounster all which should bee mixed with the olde Companies and maintained by the charge of Vlster according to their composition with small addition of payment from her Maiesties Treasure He likewise propounded that the large and vnbounded Countries of the North and other parts might be deuided into small Counties for the better gouerning of the rude and vnruly people who might learne ciuility and know the lawes and by that knowledge be brought to loue that vnder which they did enioy their owne whereof they were now ignorant The Deputies offer if 50000 pound might be spared for three yeares Hee offered farther that if 50000 pound might be added to the reuenew of that Kingdome but for three yeares to come he would not onely therewith support the charge of the State but wall seauen Townes and build as many Bridges in places now scarce passable especially in the Winter and erect so many strong Castles in places of perill withall 2000 Foote and 400 Horse should bee maintained by this allowance supplyed by the Northerne composition during the time This summe though it seemed great yet was lesse then her Maiestie many times was enforced to expend for the suppressing of a light Rebellion and the preseruation of her good Subiects without any other fruit of reformation or assurance of future Peace So as this charge thus imployed would not onely secure the whole Countrey for the present but make other Seruice of importance more easie after to bee performed Hee added to these motions others of consequence for execution of Iustice a chiefe meane to breede in the people awfull loue and ciuility as that a chiefe Iustice of The Deputy demaunds a chiefe Iustice out of England English birth might bee sent ouer such a one as for learning in the Law and integrity might bee a light and guide vnto the rest whereby the Courts and course of Iustice might bee reduced into order now gouerned by such as for the most part were eyther insufficient in the knowledge of the Lawes corrupt in Religion or partiall in their affection whom he wished might be changed into such as were free from these faulty offences That Tanestry might be abolished And that the bad and barbarous custome of Tanestry might be abolished which custome amongst the meere Irish onely is in vse being that the Sonne doth not inherite his Fathers estate but most commonly such a one is elected by the Countrey in the life time of the Lord as doth expresse by valour and a stirring spirit the best ability to leade the whole Sept in all their actions which were most commonly such as were mischieuous to the State Him so Elected they called their Tawnist vpon which Election happened oftentimes murther and bloudshed euen amongst the nearest of their kindred besides other innumerable mischiefes This euill and vnnaturall custome the Deputy desired to abolish thinking as matter then stood he had both power and opportunity to bring it to passe That charge of Tenures might be made Hee desired that hee might be enabled to passe estates vnto the Irish according to the English tenure vpon surrender of their former claymes which would bring them to depend vpon the State and loose them from the tirannous yoke of their neere and great Lords whereto the Irish seemed in his iudgement at this time forward and enclinable The Deputy demaunds reward for the deseruing Soldier Hee concluded with requests for the rewarding some principall Seruitors of that Realme whom hee had found faithfull and painfull furtherers of her Maiesties Seruice as encouragements for others to doe the like To all these motions both her Maiesty and Councell returneth faire answeres accepting and applauding his Seruices giuing GOD thanks for his prosperity and good successe therein to the aduancement whereof promises of assistance were giuen and in particular to his propositions gaue this resolution Touching the composition made in Vlster for the maintenance of the Garrison it was well allowed as a thing not onely tending to the reformation of that Prouince but to the reduction of the rest of the Kingdome with more facility to order obedience and ciuility To the rest for the most part they did condiscend or at the least gaue him such satisfaction therein as might encourage his proceeding concluding with praise and promise of reward A smooth letter from the Lords in England Which the Queene well knew were the best spurres to set on so forward a spirit to enterprise nobly in her seruice The next and principall of his cares indeede clayming the first place and so was it seated in his heart was to establish Religion the true supporter of Peace Obedience and Fidelity to which end Letters were addressed to the Bishops and chiefe of the Clergie especially of the English Pale for the repairing The Deputy caused the Churches to be repaired and re-edifying of their decayed Churches as a meane the better to enduce the people vnto Gods seruice where they might bee taught their duties to God and their Prince He wrote likewise into England against the
them and tooke from them 3 or 4000 Cowes whereof 1000 are reserued by the Gouernour towards the defraying of extraordinary charges in that Seruice done by him for the easing of her Maiesties Charge but reported by his Aduersaries to be conuerted to his owne vse The rest were distributed amongst the Forces in the taking of this prey were of the Rebels slaine sixe or seauen score the rest were disperced and forced to sue for pardon Hereupon the Gouernour discharged the Kerne and dismissed the rest of the Forces all sauing his owne Horse and three Companies of Foote The chiefest of the Galloglasses make their submission Euston Mac Odonnell chiefe of the Galloglasses made his submission and gaue his sonne in Pledge for himselfe and his Sept. Edmond Bourke Mac Richard Euerren sonne to the last Mac William but one gaue his sonne for Pledge in like manner But the sonnes of Edmond Burke of Castlebary persisted in Rebellion purposing to make their Father Mac Edmond Burk of Castlebary executed William wherein they continued till their Father was Executed by the course of common Law so done that his Lands might bee excheated to the Crowne being of good value which could not haue beene if he had dyed by Marshall law After whose death his sonnes offered to submit themselues vpon condition of restitution of their Fathers Lands which the Gouernour referred to the Lord Deputies resolution and pleasure As the Bourkes by the well aduised quick prosecution of the Gouernor were reduced to a lowe estate fewe of them being now able to make head newes came that the Scottish Ilanders The Scottish Ilanders land were arriued in the North being drawn by Edmond Iohn Burke afore mentioned in the name of all the rest of the Sept of Burkes to inuade vpō condition of hauing part of that Prouince to inhabite in after the expelling of the English by their ayde and assistance The number of these Inuadors were vncertaine being by some estimated to be 2700 and by others little aboue 1600 being perhaps made more then they were by the hope of the Rebell and feare of the Country Vpon their landing they marched speedily as farre as the Riuer of Earne towards Sligo Of this newes hindering the peace of Connaught for the present the Deputy was by Sir Richard Bingham aduertised withall that hee had not sufficient power to resist so great a number as these Inuadors with the Rebels The Gouernour durst not trust the Irish of the Prouince their Assistants were neither durst he rely vpon the ayde of the Prouinciall Lords and Gentlemen who for the most part were allyed to the Rebell Burkes the Inducers of this Inuasion to which he receiued answer from the Deputy to the same effect hee had formerly receiued vpon the first making Head by the Burkes Vpon this the Gouernours intelligence it was debated in Councell at Dublin whether the Deputy should goe in person with such power as could be there prouided to assist the Gouernour which the forward Deputy alledged to be most necessary for the better countenancing of the action since his presence was most likely to disunite the Rebell from the Inuador as it had formerly done in Vlster and so make the Warre more easie Hereto The Deputy and Councell differ about his iourney to Connaught much opposition was giuen by some of the Councell and those not of the meanest so as that the more earnest he was to vndertake the enterprise the more stiffe they were to withstand it alledging for their reasons that the number of the Inuadors were not so great as was reported and therefore it was inconueuient to put the Queene to such a charge as an Army would require to attend the Deputy in person Neuerthelesse the Deputy with some of the Councell sought to perswade the contrary considering Sir Richard Binghams diffidence in the assistance of that Country people the weakenesse of his Forces there especially English the number of the Inuadors being certainly knowne to be aboue 1600 besides the daily supplies of the euill affected Irish so as it could not but be dangerous not onely to that Prouince but to the whole Kingdome to hazard a farre greater charge after by the sparing a little now Besides the not taking time which is the mother of good successe but celerity one of the strongest finewes of action was not vnderstood by Clergy men and Lawyers to one of which professions delay breeds profit and the other were contented any mischiefe might be hazarded so as their owne ends might bee atchieued who well knew withall that the sauing of Charge would make a strong excuse in England for any errour might happen thereby which prouidence proued alwayes improuidence begot The Councell conclude the Deputy shall not goe in person of which hee complaineth to the Queene much mischiefe in the Warres of Ireland so it was concluded the greatest numbers of voyces carrying the resolution that the Deputy should not goe himselfe in this Expedition nor send any extraordinary force vntill the sequell should expresse the necessary encrease of her Maiesties Charge wherewith the Deputy being much discontented and finding himselfe limited to their opinion complaineth himselfe to the Queene and some of her principall Councellours That his Authority formerly allowed both by Patent and the practise of his Predecessours in that place was not a little abridged vpon some suggestions as he conceiued of his euill-willers who to work his disgrace and discontentment had enformed many things amisse of him which were the motiues of this vnexpected or vndeserued restriction And in this particular Seruice he expresseth his griefe that the Inuading Ilanders being as Sir Richard Bingham in one Letter aduertised aboue two thousand and therefore craued speedy ayde And in a second being doubtfull of his Prouincialls request English to bee sent vnto him hee found it perillous the Gouernour and his small force should be hazarded in this Streight besides the chiefe Charge of the Goueruement lying vpon him as Deputy who was to encounter all eminent accidents of danger for the preuention of which he had at this time a purpose to goe himselfe in person knowing that his presence besides the power hee should bring with him would haue giuen countenance to the worke strengthned the good Subiect setled the fickle and secured not onely that Prouince but others there abouts yet he was restrained by most of the Councell as by their opinions vnder their handes did appeare and must abide at home whatsoeuer should happen whence as hee conceiued must needes growe contempt of his Gouernement in the English and disobedience in the Irish Hee therefore declareth plainely that notwithstanding The Deputies resolution against his restraint this Tye vpon him by direction if hee found any manifest danger to the State which hee greatly feared hee would rather vndertake a iourney without the Councels allowance though to his owne perill and preiudice then hazard both that Prouince
complaints were moued by Macquire against Mac Mahone and the Earle of Tyrone for trespasses and supposed wrongs to be offered Sir Oconnor Macquire being behinde-hand for his Composition and charged with doing some things amisse was sent to by the Deputy and required to performe what was meete for him to doe or else to repaire vnto his prefence to answere these contempts which message was sent vnto him by Sir Henry Duke who appoints him a place of meeting Macquire writeth vnto the Lord Deputy and excuseth his comming to Sir Henry according to his appointment being hindered by sicknesse and the infirmity of the Gowte complayneth on the Earle of Tyrone and Mac Mahone desiring him not to beleeue complaints against him and offereth to double the pledges hee had put in if any doubt were had of his good disposition to the State Mac Mahone likewise exhibites his agreeuance against Tyrone for Ceasing in his Countrey and compelling him to maintaine Horsemen for him as if hee had beene tributary to the Earle which cause the Lord Deputy heard and determined freeing Mac Mahone from any such duty as the Earle demanded The rest being but complaints of which the Kingdome is neuer free and no practises to draw dangerous consequence to the State yet discouered were onely appeased by admonition Contention betweene Orurk and Sir Richard Bingham Besides these Sir Bryan Orurke the Lord of Letrim and Sir Richard Bingham the Gouernour of Connaught grewe into dislike one with the other the one being strickt in his Gouernement the other not willing to bee seuerely commaunded Sir Bryan wrote vnto the Deputy that hee had wrongs and indignities done him being often summoned by Sir Richard to goe before George Bingham his brother and Captaine Thomas woodhouse to answer as well complaints as to take directions which hee held to be a disparagement to him and to auoyde that inconueniencie was forced to forsake his Iland the place of his dwelling and to wander vpon the hills which he would not doe but for the care of performing his promise to be obedient vnto his Prince otherwise he said he would deale well enough with those men and meete Sir Richard and his brethren with the same measure they measured him therefore in as much as hee meant to doe nothing against her Maiestie he desireth they might be kept from him for he would not goe to them but in the Deputies presence whose Commandements hee would in all things else performe and craueth of him that peace might be kept with him in the Prouince of Connaught as he doth with them to which the Deputy returned answere requiring him to yeeld conformity in all things reasonable to the Queenes Officers and if any wrongs were offered him not to right himselfe by resistance or reuenge but to make The Deputy admonisheth both it knowne and he should receiue redresse He likewise wrote vnto the Gouernour aduising him to vse a gentle hand in the dealing with Orurke and people of his quality men of such fierce dispositions and natures being with roughnesse handled would easily be excited to the breach of obedience which might proue a charge to the State and a disquiet to the Country This admonition Sir Richard tooke somewhat vnkindly as a mistike of his Gouernement and resteaint of his proceedings against Orurke and did not stick to tell the Deputy afterward at the Councell Table that his Lordship gaue countenance to Orurke vnto the diminution of his Authority in that Prouince So difficult it was for the Deputy to appease or reconcile a difference betweene so stout a Commaunder and so factious and rebellious a spirit being powerfull The Gouernour being perswaded out of his iudgement that it was now time to prosecute Orurke while the Bourkes were yet weary of their late strugling so as standing without partakers hee would the more surely fall or at least bee brought with more facility to the path of obedience being the onely man now to be doubted in that Prouince hauing in his possession the strongest and fastest Country there And it is not vnlikely but the Deputy would haue ioyned with him therein if he had not had priuate reasons to the contrary arising from the present question of his actions in England and his desire and sute to be reuoked thence which were things onely knowne to himselfe These distempers now yet but flashes which were kindled by discontent were quenched by care and prouidence and had they not beene well met within time would haue growne to greater flames of commotion and did afterwards arise againe for want of like circumspection in the succeeding Gouernment which argued both the wisedome of the Gouernour who would haue taken the time to take away the cause and the preuailing power in the Deputy euen in the worst Subiects hearts to make them conformable against their natures While the Deputy was busie to preuent perils which might growe by heart burnings within his Gouernement Some of his Aduersaries were as deepely trauailed to procure A rumour of the Deputies remoue his disquiet and disgrace Amongst other inuentions Reports were raised that hee should presently be reuoked and another sent in his place being a thing not as yet thought on in England whereof so soone as hee had notice though he esteemed them but as rumours yet lice tooke occasion to renue his suite vnto the Queene for his remouing And besought her if such were her pleasure which hee humbly desired and shewed reasons for such his desire that yet her Highnesse would suppresse the opinion and publishing thereof vntill his successour should be ready to come ouer because he knew by experience that the wauering and worst sort of people in that Kingdome were apt to take aduantage vpon the alteration of the chiefe Gouernour especially in the Interim of his Gouernement if they had notice before hand to stirre vp troubles in the State The Gentlemen of the English Pale stirre vp the Lords to write to the Queene for the stay of Sir Iohn Perrot in that gouernement The Gentlemen of the English Pale in loue with his Iustice and vpright Gouernement were much troubled at this newes of whom diuers of the better sort of Plunbetts Flemmings Barnewells Bellews Cusacks Delahides Taafs Nangles and others of good account to the number of 67 wrote a ioynt Letter to the Noble men their neighbours of the notice they had taken of the remouing the present Lord Deputy from that Gouernement whom they therein testified to haue gouerned with Iustice care and prouidence for the good of that Kingdome whereby they had enioyed much peace and prosperity for the truth wherof they appealed vnto them whom they besought as they tendered the welfare of their Countrey to bee a meanes vnto the Queenes Maiesty for the retayning and continuing him in that Gouernement to perfect what hee had begun and was likely to bring vnto a good end if he remained amongst them The Lords of the English Pale vpon
opinions what seruice were fit to bee first attempted and where Some in Vlster against the Scots Some in Connaught against the Burks Some in Mounster against Desmond and some in Leynster against Baltinglass and each haue their reason It were not good to neglect any of them but presently at least to front euery of them The choyse therefore where to begin would be left at large at the Deputies discretion to doe therin as he seeth cause Neuerthelesse aboue all the rest that in Leynster which aptly may bee called an intestin mischiefe would be in mine opinion first dealt withall as well for the indignity of the matter as also for the suppression of the Birnes Tooles and Cauenaghes which as now to Baltinglass haue and euer will be ready Rebellion to the Omoores Oconers and all others For vntill they be eyther extirped or throughly brought vnder by fortifications vpon their fastnesses Dublin Kildare Westmeth the Kings Queenes Counties cannot be cleare either of theirs the Omoores and Oconors incursions spoyles or of doubt of the Magoghigans Omoloyes other stirring Irish borderers But they being suppressed the Omoores Oconors lose all their chiefe strength and refuge and the residue with either the Sword or the Law will be easily enough kept vnder So as then the Pale may without feare or danger attend your Maiesties other Seruice with their best ayde That being happily as it willw i th Gods fauour be soone at chieued then is your Deputy to proceede against the rest and still as hee goeth to make great paces throughout all their Woods and fatnesses and small fortifications vpon euery their streight and strength after the example of your Maiesties most Noble Progenitors in subduing of Wales And whilst this is in doing your Maiestie had neede to haue not onely part of your Nauy to lye on the Coast to answere forraign attempts if there be cause and to keep the Rebels from starting ouer Sea But also small Vessels to lye vpon the Scots to impeach their Inuasions The Rebellion being repressed and your Maiesty hauing shewed mercy to those that you shall see cause to bestowe it well vpon then must the fruits of peaceable Gouernement be made to appeare To that end it shall be requisite to call a Parliament and by Authority thereof not onely to reuiue all former olde Statutes that shall be consonant to a reformed Gouernment but also to Enact new for the establishing of the Articles ensuing and such other as vpon aduice shall be thought meete 1. First for as much as the only way for true obedience to the Prince groweth by true knowledge of God it shal be requisite that two Vniuersities where the same may bee truly taught be erected with as conuenient speede as may be The fittest places for them will be at Lymbrick for the south part and Arnagh for the North The meanes to doe it may bee partly by some of the Lands that shall excheat to your Maiesty by this Rebellion and partly by imposition of workes labours carriages and money as Fines vpon those that shall bee thought fit to be pardoned 2 Item to the end it may appeare that the reformation tendeth to a lawfull Gouernement it shall bee meete that a Collection bee made of the Lawes already in force and a publique denuntiation made by Proclamation for the putting of them in present Execution especially the Lawes of King Kogish 3 Item the Earle of Ormond is to be compounded withall for his liberties of Tibredary so as your Maiesties Lawes onely ruling there my Lord neuerthelesse to haue the Excheats as by the ordinance of Wales the Lords Marchers haue there As for the Earle of Desmond his liberties of County Pallantine in Kerry there needeth no composition with him he being in Rebellion 4 Item that all Ireland bee reduced into Manours so as hauing Courts Barons Leetes and Lawdayes kept orderly vpon them the people may haue Iustice for meane actions neere home 5 Item that all Cesse cuttings and Irish exactions as Bonnaght Coyne and Liuory Fowey Soren Black rents and such like bee cleane abollished And that in lieu thereof a certaine Annuall rent bee rated vpon euery Plow Land to the vse of the Lord by composition tripartity indented to be made betwixt your Maiestie the Lord and his Free-holder by the Lord Deputy Lord Presidents or other Commissioners by them authorized reseruing besides for your Maiesty according to the Statutes made for that purpose 13 shillings foure pence vpon euery Plow land with prouiso that if the Lord doe breake the composition or take againe any of the said exactions then hee to forfeit the inheritance of those Lands And that by that tripartity Indenture both the Lord and the Freeholder bee bound to let his demeanes or any other Land that he shall demise to the Tennant otherwise called Churle at a reasonable rent certaine for terme of 21 yeares at least Thus the Freeholder and the Tennant being at a certainty and rid of the vncertaine spoyle and spending of the Lord and feeling the ease and commodity thereof will withstand the vnlawfull attempts of the Lord and be ready with his body and goods against him if neede bee at the deuotion of the State that shall be meanes thus to enrich and better his estate 6 Item no Lord or Gentlemen for any respect or colour of Seruice be admitted to put vpon his Lordship or Signory any Galloglagh Kerne or Shot or to grant them any Kenelagh Follow Bonaghbeg or Bonaghburr vpon paine offellony Neuerthelesse vpon any great necessity the Lord Deputy or Lords Presidents shall put in any Galloglagh Kerne or Shot and those to be called and reputed your Maiesties Galloglagh Kerne or Shot 7 Item that all Brehons Carraghes Bardes and Rymers that infect the people Friars Monkes Iesuites Pardoners Nunns and such like that openly seeke the maintenance of Papacy a Traytrous kinde of people the Bellowes to blow the coales of all mischiefe and Rebellion and fit spies of Antichrist whose Kingdome they greedily expect to bee restored be executed by Marshall Law and their fauourers and maintainers by due course of Law to be tryed and executed as in cases of Treason 8 Item if your Maiesty in respect of pollicie or otherwise doe not thinke it good vtterly to destroy the Irish Scots that doe continually inuade your good Subiects and ayde the Rebellious against your Highnesse That it were well your Maiesty did graunt to the Earle of Arguile an yearely Pention for a time to the end he should restraine them from comming euer into England 9 Item that the English Horsemen Footmen the Galloglaghes Kerne and Irish Shot bee placed in the seuerall Prouinces of the Realme as the seruice and the necessity of the place shall require And that of the Lands in your Maiesties disposition by Excheat or otherwise as soone as conuensently may bee some portions bee allotted to them to dwell vpon and manure at a certaine reasonable rate And
yearely as the commodity of their Lands encreaseth the wages to abate and so at length cleane to extinguish 10 Item to the end the Ports in Ireland especially of Mounster may be inhabited and fortified against forraigne attempts it shall bee well your Maiesty doe not onely strengthen the Priuiledges already graunted but also graunt new 11 Item that Merchants in generall be prohibited vpon paine of death to sell Powder or any kinde of Warlike Munition to any of the Irish 12 Item that honest and skilfull men be taken out of euery Court of Record here and placed there for the setling of the due course of the Lawes And for their better encouragement to doe well that in respect of their honest trauels they be promised preferments of Offices in the Courts here as any doe fall fit for them 13 Item that the Glybb and all Irish habite of men and women be presently abollished and that Orders be set downe for enlarging the English tongue and extinguishing the Irish in as short a time as conueniently may be 14 Item that the factions of Butler and Geraldine with the titles of Ahmabo and Crâ—ghmabo be taken away 15 Finally to the end your Maiesties State be more followed and depended vpon then hitherto it hath beene and the Lords of the Counties lesse reseruing to them the honour and reputation due to their places as the Noble men here haue I thinke it very necessary that a suruay be taken of all their Lands and that your Maiesty by good aduice shall take such a third part thereof into your hands as shall lye fittest for the furtherance of your Seruice Giuing them of improoued Lands in England by way of exchange a valuable recompence So shall your Maiesties followers encrease and theirs diminish to the great assurance of your State there Besides that by that meanes your Highnes shall haue alwayes A CONTINVATION of the History of IRELAND vnto this time 1626 whereof this is the first Booke beginning 1584. and ending 1588. the rest shall follow Queene Elizabeths prosperous and peaceable gouernment WHen Queene Elizabeth the mirrour of women and most famous of Princes had to the wonder of the world and her owne euer flourishing fame gouerned these her Kingdoms of England and Ireland 1584 for the space of almost sixe and twenty yeares and did now plainely finde that the Romish and Spanish practises those ambitious States affecting vniuersall Supremacie the one in ouer ruling Religion the other in coueting absolute Monarchy had taken holde of the reuolting disposition nature of the Irish now wearier of the English yoke of obedience then euer in respect of their contrariety in Religion which through their wildnesse and barbarisme they would not haue beene The Romane Locusts and especially Sanders incendiaries of Rebellion so sensible of but by the stirring vp of the Romane Locusts the instruments of strife bloud and dissention as late manifestation was made in the fruit of that wicked Priest and Traytor Doctor Sanders his worke who not onely drew in the inuading Popish-Spanish forces one of those States aucthorising the other The Popish-Spanish forces defeated by the Lord Gray then Deputy supporting into Mounster where at Smerwick they were defeated by her Maiesties forces vnder the commaund of the right worthy and religious Deputy the Lord Gray but had likewise incited the Lords of Desmond and Baltinglasse with many their confederates to an insurrection not without suspition of the Earle of Kildares conniuencie therein which fire being well quenched by the wisedome The too specdy recalling of the Lord Gray hindred the vtter extinguishing of Desmonds insurrection and valour of that noble Gouernour but not vtterly extinct he being too speedily reuoked thence by the meanes of his enemies at Court enuying his vertues and malicing his successe And the sword committed vnto two Iustices who as in bodies and qualities so varied they indispositions and affection Way was giuen by neglect the Handmayde of diuision to the reuiuing those sparkes which lay hid and couered in the embers of the Iesuites forge which her Maiestic discerning repented no doubt the calling away of the former Deputie but like a great minded Prince vnwilling to confesse errour or to shew the power of such as had preuailed with her in this particular called her selfe home to a new election of such a Gouernour as was likely to answere the necessity of her seruice and to rule that Kingdome to the good and quiet of her people wherein though her happinesse was such as to haue plenty of worthy seruants Regis ad exemplum c. yet most worthily the lot of Sir Iohn Perrott elected Lord Deputy of Ireland her iudgement fell at this time vpon Sir Iohn Perrot a Gentleman discended of an auncient and Noble family and that illustrated by his owne vertue which being supported with a faire Patrimony the effectuall grace of Ancient Nobility gaue glory to his minde His profession being a Souldier for as his meanes bestowed grace vpon the profession so the profession returned the more honour to his vndertaking free hazard being indeede the high path to honour especially when it is guided by a transcendent iudgement which hee had formerly manifested by diuers imployments In her Maiesties Nauie hee had not long before Sir Iohn Perrotts imployment against Stukely the commaund of sixe of her Shipps to encounter Stukeley expected with the Papall banner to haue inuaded Ireland Hee was the Sir Iohn Perrott the first Praesident of Mounster first Lord President of the Prouince of Mounster made by the aduice of Sir Henry Sidney While he was Deputy of Ireland wherein hee had gouerned with good successe to her Maiesties Seruice and such notice had she taken of his iudgement and experience in that Kingdome as shee required his opinion in writing Sir Iohn Perrotts opinion for reformation of Ireland applauded by the Queene and Councell for reformation of errours and establishing a perfection in the gouernment there which he performed to her good liking and the applause of her Councell This iudicious and exact discourse I haue added for the satisfaction of the Reader to my Preface These merrits induced that prouident Prince to this his Election So as commission Sir Iohn Perrots taking of the sword was giuen and the sword deliuered him in Christes Church in Dublin on the 26. of Iune anno 1584. by the afore mentioned Iustices at which time peraduenture in imitation of the ancient Romane Gouernours who were euer accustomed at their Election into Sir Iohn Perrots speech when he receiued the sword publique Office to make Orations to the people hee made a briefe speech more plaine and pithy then glorious or eloquent the words being to this effect That since it had pleased God and her Maiestie to commit to him that great gouernment how weake so euer hee were to vndergoe so heauy a weight yet hee would doe his best endeuour to distribute
equall Iustice vnto all which hee knew to be her Maiesties minde And quoth he this sword laying his hand vpon the sword of State shall punish ill doers without partiality and protect the good subiect from violence and iniury but because words and deedes doe now a dayes vse to dwell farre assunder I leaue you that heare me now hereafter to iudge mee and my words by my deedes This short speech being pronounced in such a manner as his naturall Maiestie of personage spirit and countenance did vsually afford receiued no lesse applause from the standers by then it gaue them hope it would proue a debt wherein the payment would iustly follow the promise The ceremony being ended with the accustomed rites thereunto belonging The next day hee communicated in Councell his commission and instructions which for the better satisfaction of such as mistake the graunt of that gouernment both in limit of authority and terme of Residencie I haue thought meete to declare that his Pattent was as all other Deputies not with limitation The amplitude of the Deputies Cōmission of yeares or time of gouernment but during pleasure containing power to make warre and peace To leauy Armes and Forces for that purpose To punish and pardon offenders To conferre all Offices and collate all Spirituall promotions and dignities a fewe of them excepted concluded with the greatest Latitude of authority which can bee giuen a Subiect which is to doe all things in cases of Iustice and gouernment as the Prince might doe being present The reseruation of making Priuie Counsailers great Officers Bishops and such like alwayes giuen heere by the Prince himselfe with diuers other things too long to be here recited In his priuate instructions besides matters of profit as sparing her Maiesties purse and easing her charge setling of differences amongst the subiects and planting indifferencie betweene the superiour and inferiour taking away thereby dependencie The erecting of the Vniuersity in Dublin giuē in charge to the Deputy the bane of that Kingdome There was precisely giuen him in charge the erection of an Vniuersity in Dublin for the aduancement of learning neuer till that time set on foote and that by this Deputies vrging though long time before proiected and in King Edward the sixt time intended So soone as the mists of Ignorance the mother of Popish deuotion was by the shining reformation of Religion dispierced and most especially requisite in that Kingdome as a chiefe spring and fountaine of ciuility His authority thus shewed He fell with them in Councell touching the affaires of that Kingdome both as it was giuen him in charge and as they were presented to the viewe of his owne experient iudgement wherein he spent eighteene dayes after which consultation hee fell to shewe the fruites of Councell in setting downe acts and decrees Amnestia or the act of Obliuion for the good of her Maiesties seruice and Kingdome amongst which was Amnestia or the act of Obliuion according to the institution of the ancient and excellent Law-giuers the Lacedemonians being in the nature of a generall pardon for offences past which was both a mercifull and a politique prouision to keepe Transgressours from despaire the ready mean to enduce them to the encrease of mischiefe but being reduced to obedience by this act of clemencie and so setled in security It was most probable and likely that they who had lately felt the smart of raging and wantfull warre would now kisse peace and embrace it with a firmer constancy At the same time he sent into England the sonne of the late Earle of Desmond being but young and yet held dangerous hee should be bred in that Kingdome where practise might worke his escape and little meanes was to yeeld him a meete breeding with request for his carefull education here that Religion and ciuility might after leade him to the performance of those duties wherein through barbarisme his Predecessours had erred and trangressed Then like a good Gouernour that would abandon ease the mother of errour and corruption The Lord Deputies Progresse into Connaught Mounster he left Dublin the seate of State to settle the remote parts and Prouinces of Mounster and Connaught vnder their Gouernours newly sent ouer General Norrys Lord President of Mounster and Captaine Richard Bingham chiefe Commissioner of Connaught in whose choise this Lord Deputy as I haue heard had a great hand iudging them meete men both for the managing of warre and conseruation of peace So much did their valour iudgement and experience promise for them who had at that time gained the reputation of the two most able Captaines of our Nation wherein his wisedome or fortune did appeare the greater when by such meanes his directions should not onely be skilfully performed but himselfe cased of that care and feare a Chiefe is subiect to when his substitutes be weake especially such principall Gouernours as haue power to answere suddaine occasions vpon their owne discretions but how sufficient so euer they were as his authority was to gouerne them so he thought it his part to guide them by the example of his owne worke purposing in those Prouinces to heare complaints to redresse abuses to decide controuersies and to appease dissentions and quarrels betweene Lords of Countries and men of Ability and speciall quality whose discords and controuersies had vsually drawne them into vnwarrantable actions and many times enforced the Prince both to the hazard and losse of the good Subiects and to the expence of Treasure to bring an Army to appease their quarrels as in the contention betweene Desmond and Ormonde had lately falne out and that which is most dangerous in that Kingdome It hath alwayes beene found that Rebellion hath beene the Successour of priuate quarrels Mischiefe like ambition clyming to the highest places For these ends and purposes the Deputy tooke his iourney from Dublin the thirteenth day of Iuly attended on by diuers persons of account in that State and came to Molingarre the 16. of the same moneth where to preuent discouery of such intelligence as should passe betweene him and the Councell at Dublin by the interception of his or their Letters Hee deuised and sent thence to the Lord Chancellour and Sir Henry Wallop the Treasurer the late Iustices and now by him authorised for the dispatch of the affaires of the State in his absence The Deputies Alphabeticall deuice of secrecie certaine ciphers and figures framed after an Alphabet importing the names of some of the chiefe persons and places in England and Ireland which deuise for secrecie was most necessarie in that Kingdome where the people are very inquisitiue and in the succeeding Warre were apt to giue discouery to the Rebell as well for Religions sake as to gaine fauour vpon his Incursions The want of this course had like to haue opened to the Rebell the last and greatest intention of the Lord Burgh against them by the interception of his last Letter to the
resolutions gaue an after-stop to his proceedings therein as in the sequell will appeare The Deputy hauing setled thus much for the establishing of peace encrease of reuenew and force for the Prince in Vlster where nothing but Reuolts and Rebellions had heretofore beene practised and now threatned and begun with a strong combination likely to haue taken deeper rooting and to haue spread it selfe into other parts of that long infected turbulent State if his wisedome industry and celerity had not preuented it Now begins to draw homeward towards the Newry but before his rising thence considering it the sittest and best meanes to secure that Country The Deputy plants Garrisons in the North. he planted Garrisons in all conuenient places He sent foure Companies of Foote into Tirlogh Heynaughs Country vnder the leading of Captaine Merryman Parker Bangor and Collum to continue all the Winter He assigned two hundred foote and fifty horse of the olde Bands vnder Captaine Carleyle to lye at Colraen to preuent both Insurrection within and The Deputies comming to the Newry where all the Lords of Vlster present themselues and conclude the Commission Inuasion from the Ilands abroad This done he came to the Newry the 28. day of September where he remained ten dayes in pursuing and perfecting the courses begun Whether Tirlogh Leynaugh according to his Lordships direction and appointment brought Henry Oneale the sonne of Shane Oneale Tirloghs predecessour in the thiefery of Vlster who had escaped from Sir Henry Sidney before and sometimes held by Tirlogh as a prisoner to preuent his clayme to his Fathers place of Oneale Thither came also the rest of the Lords adioyning as Sir Hugh Macquenize Mac Mahone Ohanlone Tirlogh Brasilogh Mac Carthen the chiefetaines of the Ferney Phues Kilultaugh Kilwarlen and others who all willingly tooke an oath of faith and fidelity to the Queene and to serue her against all men and for their performance of the same deliuered to the Deputy such Pledges as hee demanded and granted to such composition for the maintenance of the Army as Oneale Odonell and Macquilly had formerly done Hugh Oge and Shane Mac Bryan for the neather Clanyboy allowed eightie men Sir Hugh Macguennizo for the County of Enagh fourty The Commander of Kilultagh fifteene of Kilwarlene tenne Mac Carthen ten This composition for the maintenance of a Garrison by the Countrey mounting in all to 1100. as it was a Seruice of no small importance and before it was effected opposed by the Councell through their opinion of the difficultie receiued great applause and commendation euen of those that maligned his successe in any thing and did admire that Vlster which for many yeares together could scarsely endure the Scepter of Iustice or Gouernment should bee now reduced to such obedience as to contribute to the maintenance of their owne yoke but doubtlesse it was a worke of great danger in the attempt and of great consequence being atchieued wherein much was to be attributed to the Deputies person that gaue his perswasion grace with the people so as Maiestie Hauiour and Comelinesse are most necessarie qualities in the wisest Gouernour of a barbarous Nation Heart-burnings bred by questions for superiority and gouernment betweene Tirlogh Leynaugh called Oneale The Baron of Dunganon and Sir Nicholas Bagnall who did ouerlooke them both and thereupon as much enuied of them as they did maligne one another Grudging betweene the Gouernours of Vlster appeased the Deputy tooke care to appease though it be difficult to reconcile grudges growing for gouernment and dominion Hee deuided the greater gouernments into smaller that no one should be too strong for another and yet each should haue sufficient if not to satisfie himselfe yet to ballance the ouer-growing greatnesse of his neighbour but indeede his chiefest ayme was to extinguish the greatnesse of Oneale which name being by the barbarous people of that whole Prouince had in so great adoration as neither the law formerly made in Sir Henry Sidneys time a most worthy Gouernour nor any iniunction of State could abolish what time and ignorance had so established Withall to suppresse his clayme to the Vriaghts and petty Lords second chiefe men vnto him whom he stiled his vassalls and sometime vsed them as his Slaues when hee had power to preuaile eyther ouer them or against the State whereby they becam instruments to aduance his supposed greatnes many times to his ruine and their own not without much trouble charge to the State The Deputy therefore deuided the Prouince into three Lieutenantcies one he Deuision of the North into gouernments assigned vnto Tirlogh Lennaugh as much as was already vnder his rule The other two he parted between the Baron of Donganon Sir Nicholas Bagnall then Marshall of Ireland Nor did hee neglect to appease and reconcile the differences of meaner Lords as of the Claniboyes to all which Countrey Con mac Neale Oge by the olde and corrupt custome of Claniboy diuided Tanestry claymed to be Gouernor And Shane Mac Bryan and Hugh Oge straue for the dominion of the neather Claniboy and could not agree of their portions opposing the generall and striuing in their owne particular This the Deputy through priuate perswasion and counsell ioyned with authority arbitrated betweene them and concluded with their mutuall consent that Con O Neale should hold the vpper Claniboy and Shane and Hugh the neather to be equally deuided and bounded betweene them by such Commissioners as hee had appointed thereunto These courses were of more importance then by some are conceiued to be for Possessours of great Territories and Commaunders of many people being proud of their owne greatnesse and enflamed with desire of Dominion drawe many to follow them through the flames of commotion And the lesser especially the second sort either coueting to be higher or binding themselues to the will of their Superiours that are able to command runne headlong at their direction and by consenting or discenting in times of diuision ioyne onely in the bad effects to trouble the State and to destroy or vexe those that are best affected Vlster thus suddainly appeased reuolting hearts partly pacified and partly constrained to obedience a composition of benefit to the Queene and the Countries quiet setled Priuate controuersies ended or at The Deputies returne to Dublin the least abated and qualified The Deputy returneth to Dublin the eleuenth of October whence hee had beene absent three moneths and two dayes and thence he gaue an account to the Lords of the Councell here of these his proceedings signifying by his Letters his quick and speedy dispatch of so many weighty difficult businesse by his trauaile through all the Prouinces of Ireland in the space of fiue moneths and might with Caesar haue said Veni vidi vici and withall that he had reformed what was amisse established peace and encreased the Princes power This his relation was ratified by like Letters written by such of the Priuy Councell as did
The Deputy against Bishops in commendam granting of Bishopricks in Commendam shewing the inconueniencies that follow the heaping of many Lyuings into one hand for the more sufficient men being imployed the more encrease of Religion is likely and on the contrary the diminution of Teachers must needs hinder knowledge and encrease ignorance In the second place Aduice was taken how to bring the rude and vnruly people to bee plyable to the Lawes which are the best ballances of right and rules of Iustice and to that end Letters were directed to the Lords and Chiefes of account that their Countries which were large in circuite might be deuided into Counties in places where now were none as in Vlfter and to place Officers therein according to the vse and custome of England as Shriefes Excheaters Feodaries Constables and the like whereby the poorer sort of people might be kept from oppression and speedier Iustice with lesse charge might bee had nearer at home The ignorant might bee instructed what to doe and how to liue The wilfull made subiect to the rule of Law or corrected by it The great men kept from tyrannizing ouer their Tenants and Vnderlings and the Inferiour sort should know how to support themselues by lawfull meanes against vnlawfull Vsurpations This course was consented to by most and not contradicted by any but some fewe of the worst condition and that rather by secret then open opposition Diuision of Counties in Vlster The Counties thus made in Vlster were these Ardmagh Monahan Tyrone Colerane Denegall Fermanagh and Cauan These circuites thus deuided and setled into Shieres the Deputy with the Chancellour appointed sundry of the best estimation to be Iustices of the Peace to whom hee wrote to shew into what degree of trust they were called and how important the charge was for her Maiesties Seruice and that if in them should Admonition to the Iustices of Peace be found such industry and sincerity as was expected hee then saw no cause but that the course of enormities which had heretofore runne with more impunity then was meete might be stopped and the State of that Country brought from good to better or at least not suffered to decline againe from bad to worse as heretofore in the late broken times it had done Further assuring them that as hee should be glad to finde them to performe their duties so hee gaue them to vnderstand that in which of them so euer hee found any crime or defect whereby so good a Seruice should bee hindered or cortupted they should bee brought vnder such leuere penalty and reprehension as the Law could any way permit besides the diminution of their credit and good opinion This Letter of admonition bare date the 15 of December 1584 and with it were sent certaine Articles of Order for Iustices of Peace Orders for the Iustices of peace and choice of a Coronor and Constables to bee obserued within their seuerall limits through the whole Realme To these were added an Authority and Writs directed for the choise of a Coroner in euery County and of two able and discreete men to be Constables in euery Barony besides â—â—tty Constables to be Assistants and yet inferiour Officers in the discharge of their duties These affaires for that Kingdome thus begun and in some sort setled in the first yeare A Parliament in England of this Deputies gouernment A Parliament beginning in the end of the yeare in England and his care continuing to prosecute alwayes for the support of that long vnstayed State finding but colde successe of the promises to his propositions from the Lords in England the Ruler of her Maiesties Purse being loath to aduance any neuer so important Seruice by the expence of Treasure especially such a summe as nothing but extremity could make him thinke meete should be disbursed which sparing indeede brought extremity to that Kingdome hee resolued to try what the Parliament would doe in so important a cause and to that end wrote ouer a Letter to craue their helpe for the reformation and strengthening of that ruinous Realme which because it was such a zeale and direction to doe good and may perhaps serue for a President when time shall require for the further establishment of that State I haue thought good to set downe and insert the Letter it selfe Sir John Perrot Lord Deputie of Ireland to the Commons House of Parliament in England The Deputies Letter to the Parliament in England MOst high and Noble Assembly the duty I owe to God her Maiesty and my Country and the interest I haue in you rproceedings though I now be not as often I haue beene a member of that House moues mee not onely to pray deuoutly that God will blesse all your Counsels but also to thinke carefully of any thing that I conceiue may be worthy your graue consultation and tend to the glory of God her Maiesties Honour and safety and strength and profit of the whole State The malice of the Pope and all combinations and practises both Forraigne and Domesticall thereupon depending which haue beene most apparently discouered from all quarters and of late partly from hence I humbly leaue to be by your grauities prouided for therefore her Maiestie hauing assigned mee though vnworthy to the charge of this Realme I am drawne by commiseration to present the torne and miserable estate of the same vnto your viewes together with the occasions and meanes of redresse that are now offered and which it humbly imploreth through your godly and Honourable aydes I trust I shall not neede to goe about to confute the bad opinion that hath beene held of some concerning the reformation of the same for I am perswaded that there is no one amongst you so vngodly as doth thinke all mischiefe sufferable in a Common-wealth for pollicies sake or so ill aduised as not to see the great charge this Realme hath beene vnto that and must still breede vnto it while it is in disorder or degenerate from the Noble courage of our Forefathers as to doubt that England shall not be able to rule and hold Ireland being reduced to good estate For sith all power is of God and that either of his mercie hee establisheth the happy continuance of all well ordered Kingdomes or of his iustice ouerthroweth or translateth the contrary No man that hath any spaike of grace or reason can hope that euer England may long enioy Ireland if it suffer it in this licentious impunity to embrewe it selfe in Heathenish and superstitious Idolatries Treasons Rebellions Murthers Rapes Robberies Mischiefes or doubt that it may become a strong and profitable ornament to England if on the other side religion duty obedience peace quietnesse true dealing order ciuility may be planted in it Because examples doe more perswade somtimes then reason I humbly beseech you to reuiew the ancient State of this Kingdom and it will appeare by good demonstrations not vnknowne to some of that
exceeding her Maiesties yearely charge one yeare with another since the beginning of her Maiesties Reigne and short of her Highnes charges in three yeares not long since by almost 50000 pounds as may appeare by Auditors Bookes and as humbly I pray you that you doe conceiue that this my motion doth not proceede from any direction but onely from the cause itselfe which I haue at Eye and wherein for zeale and duties sake I auowe and protest not onely to imploy my body and minde but also all that substance that I am well able to spare which I know will fall out vpon mee the greatest Subsidie of any Subiect in the Land through the charge that hath and will arise of my continuall trauailing to effect these Seruices from place to place for otherwise it will not be done where I might saue by feeling my selfe in places certaine Hauing thus protested to spend mine owne with good contentation I trust I may easily auoyde all opinion of intent to get by issuing of the money for I vtterly denounce the handling or directing of one penny otherwise then by the aduice of such as shall be specially assigned to that trust with me If our Auncestors when the world was more needy bare did not make stay at great summes to lesser purpose I trust the present plentifull State of England will shewe a franke and cheetefull readinesse to aduance a matter that according to the occasion now offered requireth present helpe and remedy I humbly beseech you thinke what a continuall sinke both of men and money hath this State beene vnto that Thinke also what Forraine Princes haue attempted and doe still gape for it wayting onely opportunity and if they doe catch it what a dangerous and noysome neighbour vnto England they will make it Choake vp the sinke at once make one charge of all conceiuing you doe but lend so much vpon large Interest and that you cast now your seede into a fruitfull ground that will yeeld a profitable Haruest and by your Honourable Magnanimity and care put downe the courages of those ambitious Princes and stop the course of their ambitious intentions against this Realme and consequently that And I for my part doe auowe besides that small portion of wealth that God hath lent me to afford my life well bestowed in that action with no lesse care and diligence then I haue already vsed in the short time of gouernment I haue passed which I trust seemeth not altogether fruitlesse And so crauing humble pardon if zeale and affection haue any way miscaried me I humbly end from her Maiesties Castle of Dublin this 17 of Ianuary 1584. Shortly after to confirme these conclusions and to reduce the people to conformity of gouernment a Parliament before resolued Parliament in Ireland on is now summoned to be held at Dublin where the Nobility Clergie and Commons being assembled Order was taken that none Order for Irish apparell not to be worne in Parliament were permitted to goe in Irish attire as in former time they vsed but to sort themselues in such habite after the English manner as was answerable to their seuerall rankes and qualities and because the charge might breede no difficulty with the chiefe men in Parliament to yeeld to this Order Hee bestowed vpon Tirlogh Leynogh the principle Lord of Vlster and on some others chiefe of the Irish Gowns and other Roabes fit for that place and their degrees which they embraced like fetters of which being weary one of them came to the Deputy and besought him that one of his Chaplaines which hee called Priests might goe with him along through the Streetes clad in his Irish Trouses for then quoth he the Boyes will laugh as fast at him as they now doe at me whereat though the Deputy could haue smiled yet casting a frowne vpon his countenance told him there was no cause he should thinke any laughed at him for wearing those which were fit ornaments for the place he now held and did present in Parliament but if any did so it was at his ill wearing of the same which want of ciuill custome caused Therefore since vse would make that seemely which now was ridiculous he aduised him to view the difference of being fit for all Assemblies and onely fit for the Woods and barbarous Places but quoth the Deputy if any idle or ill affected person shall put the contrary into your head beleeue it to be done out of an ill meaning to the State and worse vnto your person for contempt of order and decencie will in the end be your downfall This aduice was taken eyther as found good or out of necessity to be followed but hereby wee may discerne that custome is commonly preferred before decency and opinion before reason especially amongst people where ciuility is vnplanted Withall it is to be obserued in the The reason the Irish are vnwilling to sort themselues to the English habit proud condition of the Irish that they disdaine to sort themselues in fashion vnto vs which in their opinion would more plainely manifest our Conquest ouer them and this I take to be the cause of their vntowardnesse in this particular which made the Deputy to set the reformation more to heart well knowing that the Lords and chiefe of the Irish framing themselues in habite and plainenesse to their Vnderlings made themselues the more popular Willing or vnwilling they were constrayned to come to the Parliament in that ciuill habit which did best fit the place and present seruice In this Parliament which began at Dublin the 26 of Aprill 1585 in the 27 yeare of the Queenes Reigne Sundry Bills were passed in the first Session which being Enacted and new Printed therefore neede here no further mention but their disputes and differences arose about a Bill preferred in the Commons A Bill for the suspension of Poynings Acts. House for the suspention of Poynings Act which past in the tenth yeare of King Henry the seauenth before Sir Edward Poynings then Deputy That no Bill should passe in any Parliament in Ireland for a Law vntill the same had first a Royall assent in England This the Deputy would haue suspended by Act of Parliament to the end that opportunity might be taken for passing such Bills as the present occasion might offer for the good of the Seruice without attending the further resolution of England whereby the aduantage of aduancing present Seruices might be lost making that by delay more vnpassable which at the present might easily be perfected But this howsoeuer grounded vpon good iudgement by the Deputy was impugned especially by some chiefe stirrers in the English Pale and ouerthrowne by them at the third reading who feared perchance that something might be propounded and speedily Enacted which might crosse some purposes of their owne and therefore by suspition were caried to their own preiudice yet afterwards vpon better information that doubt being cleared they then seemed more enclinable to
the passage of the Bill and vpon demaund obtained conference with the Deputy touching the same and departed seeming satisfied in their duties wherevpon the Parliament was adiourned for three weekes Afterwards notwithstanding the qualification The Cōmons against the Bill concerning Poynings Act. of this Bill agreed vpon by their Cōmitties they ouerthrew it the second time The iealousie and mistaking of some Lawyers ioyned to them of the English Pale likewise suspecting the repeale of this Statute was intended for some other end then was pretended made much contention and dislike about it and by withstanding it gaine-saide their owne profits for indeede it was preferred to no other end but to haue free liberty without restraint to treate of such matters as might equally concerne the good of that Kingdome yet such strength hath Iealousie and Suspition to hinder good endeuours as seeking to auoyd harmes preuents the good which is intended and by a by course runnes with a full sayle vpon the mischiefes feared Notwithstanding this discention about Poynings Act whereof some that did most in publique oppose it did afterwards in priuate confesse their errour yet diuers profitable Acts were passed both for the priuate and publique in this first Session which ended the 25 of May and was prorogued till Aprill following Amongst the rest a Bill being preferred Prerogation of the Parliament for the Attainder of the late Earle of Desmond and passing his Lands by Excheate to the Crowne receiued at the first some opposition by the meanes of one Iohn Fitzedmonds A Bill for the attainder of Desmond passed who shewed there a Feofment made by the late Earle before he enterd into actuall Rebellion vntill Sir Henry Wallop the Treasurer brought in an Instrument of Confederacy betweene the Earle and his Followers bearing date before the Feofment vnto which Fitzedmonds own hand was subscribed which Treasonable subtilty being well weighed and considered of the Bill passed without difficulty Soone after the end of this Session notice was giuen to the Deputy of a new practise of Alexander Mac Surly's intention to inuade the North. Alexander Mac Surly sonne to Surleboys vnder the colour of a discention betweene him and the chiefe Lords of Vlster to draw againe the Scottish Islanders thither who had prepared in a readinesse 400 of those firebrands daily expected to arriue And because Tirlogh Leynaugh Oneale was weakened by want of gouernment and by age growne vnable to rule his people but much more disabled by his late dependency vpon the State and conformity to the will of the Deputy through the peruerse Nature of those people growth was giuen to the Baron of Donganon his aspiring who quickly tooke occasion thereby to aduance himselfe into the hearts of those barbarous and State despising people Therefore the Deputy by the assent of the Councell resolued vpon another iourney into Vlster and so speedily performed it as hee was enforced to go with much lesse power prouision then hee had done in the former setting forwards The Deputies second iourney into the North. vpon the 26 day of Iuly and passed speedily as farre as Donganon in the County of Tyrone the Barons chiefe seate Hether being by the Deputy sent for repaired all the Chiefetaines of Vlster except those of the Claniboyes whom hee appointed to defend that Coast of the Country against the Islanders inuasion Oneale with his pretended Vriaghs and Dependents Odonnell and his Followers especially Hugh Duffe Odonnell the elected Tawnist or next succeeding Lord of that Countrey who brought with him Odogherty and Sir Owen Otoole yeelded to all his Lordships demands which hee thought meete to require at their hands but Iames Caraugh a man of account amongst the Donelaughs and most deuoted to Shane Oneales family auoyded the Deputies All the chiefes sauing Bryan Caragh submit themselues to the Deputy presence of which for the present no great notice was taken At this time the Deputy did perfect the reducing of this Prouince into Shires or Counties as was before appointed by placing and setting bounds with aduice of the Country to each County After which perceiuing that the Ilanders continued on in their purpose of Incursion into Vlster he sent one Captaine Dawtrey vnto the King of Scots with Captain Dawtry sent into Scotland Letters to moue his Maiesty against this their frequent course of inuading the Queenes Dominion and that if hee would be pleased to restraine his people from the same and to cause restitution to be made of some Irish Merchants goods taken and with-held in some parts of Scotland there should bee the like correspondencie of Iustice shewed to his Maiesties Subiects comming into Ireland while he gouerned in that Kingdome The King of Scots answer To this the King returned a Princely answere signifying that he had receiued his Letter which manifested his good disposition to Iustice as formerly he had taken notice thereof by his Order with the Merchants of Scotland restoring their goods restrained in sundry parts of Ireland for which good Office he gaue him many thanks promising the like that the Merchants of Dublin and Carick Fergus lately robbed or pretended so to bee should haue the same course of Iustice at his hands As for the restraint of Surleboy with his brother their sonnes and followers which the Deputy omitted in his Letter as a point committed onely to the credite of the Bearer the King also promised immediately to direct his Letters to inhibit them vpon paine of Treason from molesting any of the Queenes Subiects and if they neuerthelesse should attempt the contrary his Highnesse would vse them as Rebels and to that end gaue Commission to Mac Allen and the Country thereabouts to rise and prosecute them accordingly but before the deliuery of this Letter which bore date at Saint Andrews in Scotland the fourth of August 1585 or immediately after and before the Kings pleasure could be made knowne to any his Gouernours or Subiects The Ilanders to The arriuall of the Ilanders in Vlster the number of 400 arriued in Vlster and ioyning with Con Mac Neale Oges sonne and with those of the Dufferin The Okelleys most of the Wood kerne of Kilwarlen Mac Cartines Country and with Hugh Mac Felmis son they had doubled their number within a fortnight to at least 800 such being the condition of that Country people as to be quickly weary of Peace wherein the worke of ciuillity might be wrought being a thing as hatefull to the Barbarous as Barbarisme and wildnesse is to a people flourishing in wealth and ciuillitie vnder a vvise Gouernement So sweet is Idlenesse to those who haue neuer tasted the fruite of Industry wherein the Gouernours of Ireland for the most part had hitherto fayled euen since the Conquest of the same neglecting the wayes and courses to ciuilize those called the wilde Irish whereby the English Families gouerned according to the custome of England following the Nature of man euer enclining to
that hee had taken strict courses in his gouernment as requiring the Oath of obedience appointing Officers to looke into mens Patents Warrants giuen in the late Parliament to preferre Bills for making the like Lawes as were in England against Recusants Causing a Bill to be preferred in the first Session for the suspension of Poynings Act to the hazard of stirring vp a commotion Vrging that these courses did decline the people from peace to vnquietnesse Such force had slander got by malicious Enuie as to make a Bee a Spider and to worke that honey without of the flowers of his iudgement and sincerity he had painfully gathered to a corrupt poyson as by the wofull effect it in after time too manifestly appeared This information was giuen against him by such as hee had left in trust for State causes in his absence especially by the Chancellor the Archbishop of Dublin a man of great wisedome and experience and such a one as for his parts might well merit the estimation of an extraordinary States-man and Councellor and it was pitty these good things should be the cause of euill effects for betweene him and the Deputy were discontentments grounded vpon directions giuen by the Deputy in The Deputy and Chancellour differ about the erecting of the Vniuersity the last Parliament for conuersion of the liuing of Saint Patricks in Dublin to the maintenance of a Colledge and Vniuersity there to be erected first intended by King Edward the sixt and now at this time giuen in charge to this Deputy by the Queene which hee accordingly purposed to prosecute as a certaine foundation of the reformation of that Kingdome which howsoeuer the Chancellour could not but in his iudgement know and allowe of yet in respect some of his kindred friends and Allies were interrested in these possessions hee gaue great opposition therevnto pretending the cause to be in right of the Church whereof he vndertooke to be the Patron Likewise as it seemed hee tooke to heart the peremptory proceeding of the Deputy as well in other matters of State as in this finding himselfe slighted of that regard some precedent Gouernours had yeelded him for he being a Prelate great in place and made greater by the Offices hee had lately borne now finding that this mans prosperous beginning caried perchance with a more absolute Authority then others had vsually exercised if it were not crossed would breede a diminution of his power in that State by his wisedome already highly planted preferring his particular too tenderly which to preserue The Chancellour raiseth a faction against the Deputy hee fell into contention with the Deputie and raised a faction against him of some of the Counsaile as Sir Henry Bagnall who had married his sister to his eldest sonne and others so that from hence sprung not onely priuate informations but publique crosings at the Councell Table euen in things which if they had beene peaceably handled might haue much aduanced her Maiesties Seruice and the good of that Kingdome Such is the State of Ambition is it neuer sees any way but by the staires of its owne climing The Deputy makes answere to these obiections against his late Northerne iourney and the other things already mentioned especially for the conuersion of Saint Patrickes Liuing therein indeede lying the most assured roote of reformation Neuerthelesse the Lord Chancellour taking vpon him as is saide to bee the onely Patron of the Church affaires and knowing his power with the Lord Treasurer of England in the ballance of whose wisedome most State causes especially concerning England and Ireland were at that time cast laboureth by all meanes to hinder the Deputies proceeding as well by his Letters which heretofore had beene preualent as by his Agents who watched the best opportunity and tooke the right way of preuailing in Court which the Deputy not suspecting or at least not fearing trusting to the waight of his owne zeale The Chancellor in England preuaileth could not preuent whereby at length the Chancellour so farre preuailed in that one point as Letters were written from the Queen and Councell to make stay of the conuersion of those Liuings withall aduertisement is giuen by the Queene to them both that shee had taken notice of their contentions with admonition to for beare such crossing as must needes giue impediment to the publique seruice The Queene reproueth the Chancellour by her letters And by her owne particular Letter to the Chancellour in expresse manner shee commanded a reformation wherein was to be obsorued how carefull shee was of the common good though the interest of the Chancellours friends in her fauour wrought deepely to the aduancement of his particular But this her gracious admonition was not well followed oney ther side for the Deputy being by nature cholletick and not able to endure the affronts of an Inferiour especially discerning that the Chancellours particular ends had gained respect aboue his publique which to a good Patriots patience was no small mouer could not containe himselfe vpon the prouoking words of his wily Aduersary who omitted no meanes or occasion that might enforce his intemperance and so distemperd hee so The Deputy through choller exceeded himselfe exceeded himselfe as he spared not the greatest by whom he thought himselfe wronged which fault of his is iudiciously obserued by Sir Walter Raleigh to haue beene the greatest cause of his ouerthrowe priuate misrespect oftentimes swaying in a Princes heart more then publique miscarriage So the one not brooking an equall and the other eâ—â—ying a Superiour the bonds of charity patience and policy were by both broken Vpon the Chancellours side the then Secretary a Moath in all the Deputies garments The Secretaries double dealing with the Deputy of his time was factious who vpon the beginning of the Parliament hold in Ireland was imployed into England to negotiate in the affaires thereof which at the first hee seemed well to attend and desirous that the successe of that Parliament might breede the common good but at length either by the euill of me owne disposition or wrought by the Deputies Aduersaries in Court or the Chancellours instigation hee became from a priuate Practizer a publique and professed Aduersary for whereas by his Letter of the â—1 Iuly 〈…〉 signified her Maiesties good allowance of the Deputies seruice in these words That hee had procured generall peace and had gayned the peoples hearts vnto their Prince but on the ninth of September following hee wrote of the alteration of the Queenes good opinion in some of his Seruices which being likewise manifested by some other such his sharpe intelligence and some circumstances especially her Maiesties owne Letters concurring which hee brought ouer the Deputy was confirmed in his opinion of the Secretaries factions and false informing courses against him Vpon receipt of which Letters being partly admonitory and partly reprehensiue although the Queene was pleased to signifie therein that shee was well perswaded of his care and
diligence and tooke in good part all his doings as proceeding from a speciall zeale to doe her seruice yet finding or suspecting a taxe withall to bee layde on his iudgement in some matters which did arise as he conceiued from the perswasion of his Euemies his nature would not suffer him to The Deputy writeih to the Queene suppresse or conceale his griefe Hee therefore wrote ouer vnto her as hee had already done vnto the Lords of her Counsaile shewing the good successe of his late Northerne iourney with the necessity thereof and the content of the Councell thereunto and to his proceeding in tendering the Oath of obedience hee pleaded warrant and pollicie of State and to all the other allegations as of Nouelties and supposed inconuemencies hee replyed that they were malicious furmises and without cause of doubt therein as his Aduersary pretended alleadging a dangerous consequence to breede feare doubt and disquietnesse in the Natiues which were but suggestions to hinder such seruices as would easily be performed without perill finding now the pride and power of the euill affected Irish to be altogether abated and the people enclined to yeeld conformity vnto his commandements Therefore it seemed fit to him to take the opportunity which the time offered to worke that which former time could not compasse But finding all this how necessary so euer crossed by them which should rather haue giuen furtherance to it construing his actions astending to innouation likely to stirre dissention and produce danger He confessed that he was much disconraged but yet would pursue his course in the best manner he could being so restrayned For the view of mens Charters wherewith hee was charged hee denied that euer he intended much lesse practised the Accusers malice and slander Hee confessed that hee had vrged some of them to take the Oath of obedience and gaue his reason for it for finding their obstinacie and repugnance to reason in Parliament he held this the best meanes to try their sidelily by concluding with all humility which tasted something neuerthelesse of passion and griefe for it must needes trouble him to see his zealous care to assure all things to the good of his Prince mistaken by the malice of his Aduersaries whose whole ayme being but at their owne particular were not so sensible as they should haue beene how they euerted the publique by pudling the water wherein their fish lay And to strengthen this their information to the end hee might be made the more distastfull to her Maiestie and the Lords of her Counsell Some of the Lords of the English Pale are incited The Lords of the English Pale write against the Deputy to write vnto the Queene 15 Iuly 1585 in complaint against the Deputy that ouer and besides a composition of two thousand pounds yearely reuennew formerly made in lieu of Cess and other charges claimed to belong by Prerogatiue vnto the State from the fiue Counties of the English Pale hee intended to impose a second charge of fifteene hundred pound per Anum sterling so making the yoake of her Gouernment to appeare heauie and insupportable But not long after some of those Lords finding themselues abused as the Vicount Gormanstowne the Lords of Slany The Lords by another Letter recanted their errour Heathe and Trimelstene by another Letter recanted their errour expressing sorrow for mistaking the Deputies meaning acknowledging his fatherly care of them the Country for those were the words of their Letter and that they would not haue written against him neither for the former particular nor for the suspension of Poynings Act if they had discerned or vnderstood what they now found of his disposition to doe them and the Country right This shewes in what a slippery seare they fit that gouerne that Kingdome for Innocencie is not alwayes safe though it be euer best for it cannot bee free from imputation when it is free from corruption the vnder-Instruments of State aduauncing themselues thereby Notwithstanding these complaints crossings and backbitings the Deputy like a carefull Common-wealths man and iust seruant to his Prince professed he would proceede on to the discharge of his duty as long as he held that place esteeming it better to be disgraced for doing well then to be remiss in doing well Therefore care is had to settle a Composition in Cannaught sutable to that in Vlster begun for the encrease of the Crownes reuennew and setling of some certainty in that Prouince betwixt the Lords and their Tenants for the preuention of such mischiefes as had happened formerly there by their disagreement and for the reformation of such enormities as were frequent by the dependencie of the mean person vpon the chiefe Lords To this purpose in the same yeare so soone as the late begun troubles of Vlster were pacified and the other Prouinces of Ireland began to be plyable and conformable to Iustice and Peace A commission is directed to Sir Richard Commission sent into Connaught for making the composition Bingham the Gouernour of Connaught Sir Nicholas White Master of the Rowles Sir Thomas Lestrange Charles Calthorpe the Queenes Attourney Generall Thomas Dillon Chiefe Iustice of Connaught Gerard Comeford Attourney there and Francis Barkeley to enter into a course for procuring a composition with the principall Lords spirituall and temporall The Chiefetaines of Countries Gentlemen and Free-holders of that Prouince of Connaught to passe vnto the Queenes Maiesty her Heires and Successours a graunt of tenne shillings English or a marke Irish vpon euery quarter of land containing 120 Acres manured or to be manured as the phrase went and was significantly set downe that beares either horne or corne that was with tillage or cattell in lieu and consideration to bee discharged from other Cess taxation or tallage excepting the rising out of Horse and Foote for the Seruice of the Prince and State such as should be particularly agreed vpon and some certaine dayes labour for building and fortifaction for the safety of the people and Kingdome According to which Commission and the directions therein contained These Commissioners did trauaile through the seuerall Counties of Connaught first calling and conferring with the Lords Chiefetaines Gentlemen and Free-holders in their seuerall Precincts and Possessions to finde their dispositions how farre they were willing to condiscend and yeeld to such a course for the satisfaction of their Prince and freedome of themselues from further burthens to make their charge certaine and that but small These things well The Commissioners handled the Commission discreetly propounded and discreetly prosecuted most and in a manner all the principall possessours of land in that Prouince as they were generally dealt withall did assent to this contribution for their owne ease as well as for the satisfaction and seruice of the Prince of the first themselues were sensible of the other they had onely aduertisement from the Commissioners being well chosen for that purpose especially Sir Richard Bingham the Gouernour then
continuance and custome which the people had borne so long as they thought it now no burthen knowing no better feeling that least wherwith they had so long bin acquainted But now the Chiefes vnderstanding that they should haue freedom of lands instead lieu of their Chieferies the people by perswasion brought to beleeue and perceiue they should by this meanes liue more free from exaction both yeelded to this composition which to this day doth continue If this Seruice had proceeded as the Deputy intended as well through the whole Prouince as in these parts and so extended to the rest of the Kingdome it had surely introduced peace and wealth amongst the people with obedience and encrease of reuenue to the Prince which at that time might easily haue beene affected but the bloud and fatall mischiefes threatned vnto that vnhappy Kingdome were not to bee preuented by the care and industry of this good Gouernour whose workes though built vpon the strong foundation of zeale knowledge and integrity were shaken by the stormes blowne from the breath of his maligners both here there vsing not the Engine of slander onely but like Magicians stirred vp euery spirit that might moue him to impatience the already mentioned fault of his Nature That begot The second information against the Deputy rash words which no sooner spoken but was enformed with aduantage which tooke away her Maiesties good opinion of his zeale to doe her Seruice so as his faith was interpreted to be vaineglory which being by him vnderstood discouraged his proceeding and finding all his actions if not slighted yet brought within the compasse of suspition a hard reward for so much merit hee was much perplexed But heere his misfortune rested not for now the most perillous practise of his Enemies began to breake forth which fatally in short time proued his ruine Denis Oroughans practise discouered One Dennis Oroughan who had beene a Romish Priest counterfeited certaine Warrants in the name of the Deputy directed to all the Queenes Officers within the Realme of Ireland vnto which Warrants the name of the Deputy was set in the vsuall place of Assignation In them was a generall pardon graunted to the Priest without limitation of time or exception of any offence terming the Realme of Ireland and Councell thereof as if they had beene his and hee King of it and them contrary to all vsuall forme which seemed not to be the Priests owne deuice because the extraordinary forme must needes bring it in question and thereby make it of no auaile to him but the Priest being a fit instrument in respect of his offence and the fitter through an extraordinary villany grafted in him was wrought by others to take vpon him this part to manifest the Deputies ambition and thereby make him odious to the State here which deuillish plot was more timely discouered then the Plotters wished for the Priest being taken with these counterfeited Warrants vpon other suspition and brought before the Archbishop of Cashell who taking paines in the examination of him discouered that these Warrants were written by one Henry Birde Register to the high Commission Aduertisement was giuen hereof to the Deputy a Commission thereupon was directed to the Lord Primate Sir Henry Wallop and Sir Nicholas White to call Birde before them and to make search amongst his papers thereby as by his examination to finde the meaning of these counterfeited papers of warrant At first hee denied the writing of the Warrants but afterwards being tripped in his Answeres hee confessed hee wrote them but stifly for swore the subscription of the Deputies name thereto which as it should seeme was done by the Priest himselfe for hee was the man that after accused Denis Oroughan the false Author of Sir Iohn Perrots accusation in England the Deputy in England vpon which hee was condemned so as either the Deputies owne remisnesse in seuerely punishing this man or his Aduersaries vnderhand protecting him from his deserued punishment gaue scope to his detestable accusation which the villaine Denis Oroughans repentance a little before his death being not many yeares since confessed with a seeming remorse for his so falsly accusing an Innocent by the procuring of others who were neuer knowne in this world to repent their misdeede how they answere in the next is onely knowne to God himselfe but it is a fearefull thing to obserue what power such false persons oftē haue to preuaile against the most innocent euen in the iustest Common-weales which neither the wit of man nor any thing but the miraculous hand of the highest can preuent or discouer Another practise about this time or shortly after succeeded against him which though it were not so dangerous yet it troubled him no The Deputies secrets bewrayed lesse being a meanes to preuent his intended Seruices for his Letters and secrets being bewrayed by as it should seeme Iohn Williams his owne Secretary vnto his Aduersaries and by them communicated vnto others whom they concerned her Maiestie was defrauded of her Seruice and he brought into suspition amongst those where the way of his preuailing lay vpon the first notice thereof he wrote vnto the Lords of the Councell in England who thereupon gaue commaundement vnto the Lord Chancellour and the Bishop of Meath to make the Authors knowne of that discouery shewing the dangerous consequence that followed such practises of publishing secrets which did concerne the State but they for some particular respects as it should seeme disobeyed that commaundement though the Queene her selfe did after expresly require it to be done And withall she wrote vnto the Lord Chancellour charging him to forbeare contestation with the Deputy which could not but hinder his seruice and embolden euill affected persons disposed to resist the power of her Gouernours when they should discerne such contention amongst those that were chiefe in authority Shortly after the Baron of Donganon went into England who hauing beene brought vp with the English shewed alwayes forwardnesse in the Queenes Seruice against Tirlogh Leynaugh and Shane Oneale in times of their disobedience wherein his speciall ayme was onely his owne aduancement into their title and place they once suppressed Comming into England with the faire shew of his former Seruices he professeth future fidelity in himselfe and aduiseth vnder colour of the Countries peace and quiet a suppression of the exorbitant Title and iurisdiction of Oneale which notwithstanding hee afterward assumed and extorted vnto himselfe though a knowne Bastard taking aduantage of the loose hand was held vpon the Irish in Vlster and the corrupt Gouernment at that time in the State as shall in his due time be made manifest with this profession of Seruice and by applying himselfe to the greatest in power and grace at Court he gained the Queenes fauour and The Baron of Donganon created Earle of Tyrone was created Earle of Tyrone but hereat his ambition was not leuelled for the name of an Earle was
About this time Commissioners were sent out of England to deuide Desmonds Lands which after an exact suruay made of all the Lands were deuided into Signories and halfe Signories and disposed to diuers personages of good quality of the Kingdome of England but in this the Deputy had no hand which as he had cause he tooke to be a discountenance to his Authority and Place wherein hee felt the Queenes displeasure A Regiment of Irish sent with Sir William Stanley into the Low-Countries Not long before a thousand of the Irish were sent into the Low-Countries vnder the commaund of Sir William Stanley by an especiall direction out of England and at the same time order came to the Deputy for the cashiring Order for the casting of the Forces in Vlster of the Vlster Forces which the Deputy had raised by Composition as is formerly mentioned Two acts as pernicious as that time could afford to the publique Seruice as the sequell made manifest for the first not onely proued the losse of a worthy Gentleman who had valiantly and successiuely serued in that Kingdome Hee meeting in the Low-Countries with sharper conceites then his owne and finding him ignorantly wauering betweene two Religions fastned him to the worse and consequently made him to the State a Traytor against whom he hath since done great mischiefe prouing one of the best Captaines vnder the Spaniards Commaund Besides those Irish that went with him haue beene a Seminary of Traytors to afflict that Kingdome of whom some yet liue to threaten no lesse hereafter And the other those Forces in Vlster so cast was not onely the pulling of the bridle from the heads of those inconstant people which no sooner off but they ranne headlong againe into new practises but likewise proned a trebble charge to her Maiestie in ensuing time as more particularly shall be expressed in the storie following yet the chiefe reason alledged for their disbanding was the ease of the Queenes charge who was enformed that it was a needlesse thing to keepe Garrisons in time of peace and this burthen layd vpon the Country would in time breake the peoples obedience in those parts where they began already to grudge Thus much the Queene signified in a Letter partly written with her owne hand vnto which shee was wrought by such as were aduerse to the Deputy and desirous to weaken his worke in that Kingdome whose enuies were set the more on fire by the wily trickes of Tyrone who tooke this opportunity to lay the foundation of his ensuing rebellion finding their hearts bent to vse all meanes that might extenuate the Deputies merrit and weaken his Gouernement This Letter of the Queenes as it raised wonder in the Deputy knowing it tasted not off her high Iudgement so it gaue griefe to him to see such preposterous Councels take effect against his faithfull endeuours which The Deputies Letters by Sir William Stanly to the Queene and Councell hee tooke occasion to expresse by his Letter vpon the dispatch of Sir William Stanley wherein he signified he had performed her Maiesties pleasure but could not suppresse his griefe nor in duty conceale that which he conceiued would proue perillous to her Seruice and disgracefull to himselfe in that place of Authority he held vnder her Maiestie especially for remouing the Garrison of the North so soone in a State so vnsetled And although the submission of the Chiefes with the generall obedience of the people did seeme to promise nothing but peace yet considering the attempts of her Maiesties forraigne Forces and the ficklenesse of that people newly brought to a shewe of conformity hee could not assure their loyalties much lesse establish such things as he had begun and further intended for the good and aduancement of her Maiesties seruice and that these Souldiers being thus cashiered who were a tye vpon such as had mindes to be troublesome which were 900 her Maiesty being at charge but of little more then 800 pound a yeare the rest being bome by the Country So that now her charge being reduced to the rate it was at his comming to the Gouernement before the raysing of Forces to resist them that did rebell and inuade Vlster he wished that this sauing did not The Deputy writeth to be recalled from the gouernement or admitted to the Queenes presence proue an after spending of greater summes with more perill to Her and her Country He likewise wrote after his plaine and passionate manner to the Queene that her sharpe reprehension and restraint of his gouernment with some taxe layde on his iudgement made him now stand to the world vasit as hee alwayes conceiued of himselfe to mannage the weighty affaires of such a place and therefore he besought her that shee would be pleased to reuoke him thence or at the leaft to lycenoe his accesse vnto her presence as well for answering the calumniations of his Aduersaries as to discouer some things for the furtherance of her seruice in that Kingdome proffering If The Deputies offer to bring ouer the Irish Lords her Maiesty were so pleased to bring with him the Lords and chiefe Irish Commanders of that Country so that she would be pleased to disburse 3000 pound ready for them to receiue at their landing in England to defray their charges they being owners of much Land and Cattell but not of money which should hee repayed at reasonable prices in Beefes for her Maiesties profit in the payment of her Forces there This hee thought would make much for the furtherance of her Maiesties seruice since the chiefe men of that Kingdome comming ouer in that sort should take their Lands by such tenure as her Highnesse should prescribe whereof diuers of them had already made offer vnto him Besides it would be a greater honour vnto her to haue more of the greatest and wildest Chiefetaines of Countries in Ireland to prostrate themselues and their estate at her Maiesties feete and pleasure in England then euer had beene performed to any of her Noble predecessours The Deputies offer silenced But this complaint and offer so made vnto the Queene was silenced and tooke little effect either through the vnderhand-working of the Deputies Aduersaries or else through the presse and multitude of weighty affaires then in hand in England to defend the Netherlands and to preuent Inuasion with other perils threatned to her Maiestie and her Dominions which might perhaps put out of minde or at least set back for the time the consideration of that which at this season did most concerne Ireland Within short time after the Companies of Souldiers were remoued out of Vlster saue such as remained with Tirlogh Leynaugh at his request Some of the Northerne Lords tooke occasion and opportunity hereby to shew their willingnesse to doe euill rather then be idle now they sawe the force was gone which was A stir in the North vpon the casting of the Forces wont to rule their disorders Amongst which dislike and