Parliament John Lilburn demands Protection is denied and remitted to the Law The state of Affairs in Scotland The state of Affairs in Ireland An admirable effect of his Highness Prudence and Justice Continuance of the Dutch Affairs Holland Commissioners sent over to treat A notable fight between the Dutch and English during the Treaty The Fight renewed The Dutch Admiral Van-Trump slain The Dutch put to flight The weakness of the new Parliament A motion to dissolve the Parliament The Parliament ment dissolved December 12 1653. The Lord General Cromwel chosen and sworn Lord Protector The Protector Sworn to the ensuing Articles The Lord Protector proclaimed Sir Thomas Viner Knighted A Conspiracy discovered Addresses to his Highness from all parts The Scots frame an Army The Scots defeated by Collonel Morgan Peace with Holland concluded and proclaimed The Affairs of Ireland settled A second conspiracy Mr. Vowel Hanged Mr. Gerrard Beheaded The Portugal Ambassadors Brother Beheaded The Scotch Highlanders rise in Armes General Middleton defeated by General Monk A Parliament assembly September 3. 1654. Parliament dâ—â—â—â—ved January 10. 1655. Several Conspiracies discovered A Rising at Salisbury A Rising in Shropshire A Rising in Montgomery A Rising in Nottinghamshire A Rising framing in Northumberland A rising in York-shire Wagstaff defeated and Penruddock and others executed Royalists sent toforreign Plantations The Insurrections all dissipated A Spanish Ambassador sent over to his Highness Motives inducing his late Highness to a Breach with Spain The Hispaniola expeâ—â—ion Jamaica attempted and carried General Blake demads satisfaction for wrongs sustained General Blake attempts the Turks fortresses and navy A fourth conspiracy suspected A Relief sent to Jamaica in twelve ships General Pen returns to England General Venables also returned Treaty and Peace with Sweden Major Generals constituted France seeks his Highness to perfect a Peace Reasons inducing his late Highness rather to condescend to an alliance with France then Spain A Peace with France Concluded and Proclaimed The defence and good success at Jamaica General Mountegue his victory over the Spaniards at Sea General Blakes destroying the Spanish Fleet at the Canaries May. 4. 1657. The English joyn with the French in Flanders under Sir John Reynolds His Highness Installment in the Protectorship Mardike taken by the English and French The Spaniards repulst at Mardike General Blake dyes in sight of Plimouth The Spaniards repulse again from before Mardike St. Venaut taken by the English The Lord Henry Cromwel made deputy of Ireland Sir John Reynolds and others drowned The Parliament dissolved Febr. 4. 1657 8 The City Militia settled again by his late Highness A Conspiracy discovered A high Court of Justice erected The Plot prevented Several Conspirators taken and sentenced some condemned others pardoned A Whale cast up in the Thames Dunkirk besieged by the English and French The Spaniards attempt to relieve Dunkirk The Spaniard beaten by the English and French Dunkirk taken and possessed by the English The Lady Cleypolls death Graveling taken by the French Mr. E. Waller The remarkable passages which happened on the like dayes in his Highness life His late Highness Corps removed to Somerset-House The manner of his Highness lying in State His late Highness standing in State The Funeral Solemnities performed at his late Highness's Interment The several distinctions observed in the Funeral Solemnities See History and Policy reviewed An example of gratitude and generosity in the Lord Tho. Cromwell The Lord Tho. Cromwels Seed Destiny and end How the Name of Williams came to be changed into that of Cromwell His late Highness descent An example of his late Highness gratitude See History and Police reviewed See History and Policy reviewed Which you may see in two Books viz. Teats of the Indies and the other America Painted to the life
after they had promised quarter to the English they killed three of them and hurt all the rest There was no English Soldiers but had a Prisoner in this Battel there being taken ten thousand most of all which except the Officers were suffered to steal away amidst which there was ten Colonels twelve Lievetenant Colonels nine Majors forty seven Captains seventy two Livetenants and eighty Ensigns and amongst the Prisoners of Quality there was the Lord Libberton and his Son the Lord Cranstone Sir James Lundsdale Livetenant Generall of the Foot and Sir Pickerten Adjutant General all their Baggage and Canon was taken to the number of two and twenty great Guns and severall lesser ones two hundred Colours and Armes for 15000 Men of the English there was but one Officer killed and Major Rooksby who afterwards died of his Wounds as also Captain Sloyd of the Lord Fleetwoods Regiment dangerously wounded His late Highness obtained this memorable Victory on the third day of September 1650 on which day he also obtained another no less famous then this And on this very day God crowned his Labours with a peacefull and resolved quiet death whereby he no less triumphed over the World and the rage of Hell then he did in this last Battel we have related over a most puissant raging Enemy at which time his Army as a man may say brought low by Want and Sicknesses was even Bedrid and at deaths very Door And as the Parliament of England had caused a day of universall Prayers and Fastings to be kept for the good success of their Army in Scotland so likewise did they order a day of generall Thansgiving for this so notable and famous Victory and the General likewise on his part did not faile with the whole Army to acknowledge the good handy work of God who had so visibly gained him and them this Battel And the better to prosecute the said Victory and to reap the fruits thereof On the seventh day of September four Regiments of Foot were sent to possess Lieth a very considerable and advantageous place where seven and thirty piece of Ordnance were found mounted on Plat-forms and a considerable quantity both of Ammunitions of War and Provisions of Victuals And on the same day his late Highness became Master of the City of Edinbrough the Metropolitan of all Scotland and caused his whole Army to march into it without any loss save the Arme of one Soldier which was shot off by a Canon-bullet from the Castle And on the next Lords-day he sent a Trumpeter to the Castle to give notice to such Ministers as had abandoned their Pulpits to come and perform their Duties in their said Callings which they having refused to do he caused English Ministers to Officiate in their places in the mean while all possible diligence was used in the Fortifying of Lieth it being concluded to be the best and most commodious sheltring-place the English could have in Scotland for the Winter Season And after his late Highness had by sound of Trumpet both at Lieth and Edinbrough caused the freedome of Traffick and liberty of Trade to be published and established a sure way for the publick Markets himself on the fourteenth marched toward Nethrife six miles from Edinbrough leaving Major General Overton with his Brigade in Edinborough On the fifteenth the Army adadvanced toward Linlithgo but by reason of the ill Weather they could not pass on forward On the sixteenth they marched toward Falkirk and the next day they came up within one mile of Sterling On the eighteenth the Councel of War being assembled a Letter was drawn up to be sent thither by which the tenderness and affection of the English towards the Scotch Nation was represented alledging that though formerly it had not taken its desired effects Notwithstanding seeing that at present the Fortune and Success of Armes had been so contrary to them they desired them to reflect on those Proposals which had been formerly made unto them and to surrender that place unto them for the use of the Common-wealth of England and a Trumpeter being sent with the aforesaid Letter who coming up almost to the VValls met with a Gentleman on foot with a Pike in his hand who told him he should not be suffered to come into the place and that his Letter should in like manner not be received In the Afternoon that very day those of the Town sent a Trumpeter to demand the Prisoners with a proffer to pay their Ransoms To whom the General made answer That they were not come into Scotland to trade in Men nor to enrich themselves but to do Service to the Common-wealth of England and to settle and establish those Dominions On the same day Orders were issued to draw up the whole Army to the very VValls of the Town and by setting scaling Ladders to the place to give a generall Assault but after it was found that there was but a little appearance to effect the same in regard of the good Condition the Place and Garison was in they changed their resolution and on the nineteenth the Army retired to Linlithgow which was accounted a very fit place to make a Garison of whereby both Sterling and Edinborough might be bridled and curbed and the necessary Orders for the fortifying of the place being given there were five Troops of Horse left in Garison and six Companies of Foot and the Body of the Army returned to Edinborough where on the twenty third of September there was a day of Humiliation celebrated and solemnly kept And much about the same time the Churches of Scotland likewise ordered a solemn Festivall for the ensuing Reasons Viz. I. To humble themselves before God and to crave his pardon for having too much relyed on the Arme of Flesh II. For the wickedness and profaneness of their Armies III. For the Spoils and other Misdemeanours their Soldiers had committed in England IV. For having not sufficiently purged their Armies that is to say For not having put out such persons as were not godly and of their Belief V. For the indirect and sinister Means which their Commissioners made use of in their Treaty with their King and the indirect waies by which they had brought him into Scotland VI. For their not having sufficiently purged the Kings Family VII For the just Grounds they had to believe that his Majesties repentance was not reall nor from his heart The rest of the Month was imployed in the making of the Siege and Approaches against the Castle of Edinborough and in applying the Mines to the VValls And on the thirtieth the English with so much gallantry surprized one of their Bulwarks as they carried thence three hundred Muskets one Ensign and severall other Armes without the loss of one Man On the first of October the Besieged began to make their Salleys to hinder the working of the Miners upon whom they fired incessantly with their great and small Shot yet however they
strong but whilst he was weaker being alone fell upon Colonel Lilborne and each side for the space of four hours fight did behave themselves very well till at length the Earls Forces being worsted he was constrained to save himself and to gain Worcester almost all alone amongst Prisoners of note which were taken in this Encounter were Colonel Legg Robinson Baines Gerrard four Livetenant Colonels one Major four Captains two Livetenants twenty Gentlemen and five hundred Soldiers There were killed the Lord Withrinton Sir Thomas Fieldsley Colonel Boynton Sir William Throgmorton Sir Gamuell and sixty Soldiers On the Parliaments side there were but ten men slain but abundance were hurt which defeat although it was but a small one yet it was very ominous and served not a little to discourage those who were on the Brink of declining themselves and ready to rise in Armes so that it may be said without vanity that the defeating of those 1500 men hindred above 10000 to joyn with the Scots at Worcester and indeed Colonel Lilborne received those Honours and that recompense from the Parliament which was due to his Valour And the Lord General Cromwell whose prudence did at all times equallize his Valour nay far surpass it being conscious that diligence and expedition was more then requisite in this Conjuncture which was like unto a Gangren continually gaining ground and therefore immediatly to be cut off least it should endanger the whole arived with his Army at Worcester sooner then he was expected with a resolution to make his Enemies either perish within the place or constrain them to give Battel Here War-like stratagems or wiles were not necessary for there was no delaying of the business neither was there any retreat to be made or flight to be taken It matters not for one Town more or less This is the upshot Blow where the best Swords were to decide the Interest of three Crowns The Royallists were backed by dispaire and the others were animated with the continuall and accustomed defeating of their Enemies Now both must either fight or die and resolve to be a Cast or nothing and the Town of Worcester this very day must be the bloody Theater of the fairest chance of Fortune which ever happened in the Isles of great Britain The first thing therefore which the Parliaments Forces endeavoured was to gain a pass over the River of Severne which was immediatly performed by Major General Lambert at a place called Vpton and which passage was made good by Liveten at General Fleetwcods Brigade which advancing towards Tame River a Bridge of Boats was laid over the same and likewise another Birdge was made over Severn on the Generals side which being perceived by the Royallists they caused a Body both of Horse and Foot to advance to oppose the Livetenant Generals passage who was backed by two Regiments of Foot of Colonel Inglesbies and Colonel Fairfax's by the Generals Troops of Guard and Clonel Hackers Regiment of Horse all which were animated and encouraged by the Generals prerence who marched at the Head of them after which Colonel Goff's and Major General Deans Regiments were passed over the River who began to scoure the Hedges which were lined by the Enemy and whence they drave them away beating them from Hedge to Hedge being supplyed with fresh men but after this kind of Skirmish had lasted well nigh a good hour very smartly the Royallists were constrained to give ground and to retire to Powick Bridge which they made good for an hour longer but quitting it at length they retired toward the Town except those which were made Prisoners and within a little while afterwards having assembled all their Forces and all their Courage to boot they issued forth of the Town in a Body towards the Generals side believing that the best part of his Army had been on the other side as in effect it was seperated in two by the afore specified River and the Royallists at their first charge were so furious and resolute as that the Generals Troops were constrained to give way but that only served to augment their courage and make them more covetous of Glory Insomuch that renewing their Fight with a fresh vigour they charged the Enemy so impetuously as that the Scotch Army both Horse and Foot were on a suddain over borne and quite brought into disorder all their Works and Lynes together with their Royall Fort and their Cannon were immediatly taken and turned upon and against themselves the Town was given in Pillage and all their Foot were either slain or taken Prisoners a Body of 3000 Horse brake through and made their escape and one thousand of them were taken by Colonel Barton who lay about Bewdly only with a few Horse and Dragoons and Colonel Lilborne with the Generals Regiments of Foot accidentally met with the Earl of Darby who a little before had escaped him whom he seized together with the Earl of Landerdale and above a hundred persons of quality severall others were likewise taken by the other parties which were abroad as Duke Hamilton General of the Scotch Army who afterwards died of his Wounds the Earl of Rothe the Earl of Cornwarth the Earle of Shrewsbury Packington Cunningham and Clare Knights the Lords Spine and Sinclere the Earle of Cleaveland of Kelley and Colonel Greaves six Colonels of Horse thirteen of Foot nine Livetenant Colonels of Horse eight of Foot six Majors of Horse thirteen of Foot thrity seven Captains of Horse seventy three of Foot fifty five Quarter-masters eighty nine Livetenants of Foot Major Generall Biscotty Major General Montgomery the Livetenant General of the Ordnance the adjutant General of the Foot the Martiall General the Quarter-master General the Conductor General of the Baggage seventy six Standards ninety nine Ensigns nine Ministers nine Chirurgions one hundred fifty eight Colours and all the Cannon and Baggage generally the Royall Standard the Kings Coach and Horses the Royall Robe the Collar of the Order of the Garter thirty of his domestick Servants and his Secretary Faâ—shams as for the King his own person he made and escape strangely and in a disguise he saved himself at length into France not without many difficulties and dangers Notwithstanding the Parliament had promised five hundred pounds to any one that could discover his Person Several other persons were also afterwards taken in the remotest Countries as Major General Massey who afterwards made an escape Major General Middleton Livetenant General David Lesly and severall others insomuch as that it may be said the Gleanings of this Victory were as considerable as the whole Harvest it self But let us return to our CONQUEROR and observe with what a moderation he enjoyed this his victory he desires no triumphall preparations He would not that thanks should be returned to him for the same but only to God alone who helped him with his mighty Arme to advance his own Glory and to establish the peace and repose of England upon
concerning the Government of his Estates and touching the interests of other Princes as without the entring into their Cabinets or partaking of their Counsels he discoursed very pertinently of their Affairs and foretold their several issues and events He likewise was an excellent Phisionomer and having once seriously considered any one he was seldome deceived in the opinion he conceived of him He married into the ancient and noble family of the Bourchers whence the Earls of Essex were descended his marriage bed was blessed with many Children none of which did ever degenerate from the eminent vertues of their most Illustrious Father His eldest son named Ricard hath succeeded him in the Protectorship his younger son named Henry being at this time Lord Lieutenant of Ireland both of them capable to follow their Fathers glorious footsteps and to perfect and crown such hopeful promising though difficult beginnings their Father having as it were divided shared and left by inheritance unto their youth swelling with marvellous hopes that most exquisite Quintessence of two great Talents which he had acquired by his age and by his experience so that the one of his sons may be stiled the Jupiter and the other the Mars of England He had four Daughters all of them Ladies of a most eminent and vertuous disposition The Lady Bridget first married unto the Lord Ireton in his life time Lord Deputy of Ireland a Personage of sublime worth and afterwards espoused unto the Lord Fleetwood sometimes Lord Deputy of Ireland and at present Lieutenant General of all his Highness Forces The Lady Elizabeth his second Daughter married unto the Lord Cleypoll and dyed a little before her Father of whom we shall speak hereafter The third the Lady Mary espoused unto the Lord Viscount Faulconbridge And the youngest the Lady Frances at present widow of the Lord Robert Rich Grandchilde to the late Earl of Warwick Nor did the change of his late Highness Fortunes in the least decline or diminish the tenderness and affection which he ever bare towards the worthy Mother of so numerous and hopeful an issue and that absolute power which he had over all his Dominions never gave him the least desire to captivate any heart save that which God had given him in marriage And that which is the most to be admired at and seems to be the summe of all bliss is that the Almighty lent his late Highness so much life as to see all his Children disposed to the most gallant personages and allied to the most Illustrious Families of England which are as so many props of his Fortune and Fences against the enviers of his Vertue He was an enemy to vain gloriousness ostentation and although he was all as it were fire that is of a passionate constitution yet he had so overcome his passions that he was seldome or never moved but when there was a great cause given so likewise was he more subject to repress and keep in then to give way to his passion The actions of his body denoted those of his minde his actions were in a manner without motion and without any forcings of the body in like manner his minde was not at all agitated nor his expressions precipitated sweetness and tranquillity accompanied his thoughts and his words but when there was occasion to carry a business he expressed himself with so much vigour as gave to understand that he was not easily to be disswaded from the thing he had once resolved In like manner during the whole course of the War he never harboured the least thought of changing of parties And as for Ambition which is the onely passion whereof envy it self seems to accuse him the effects thereof were so inconfiderable and unnecessary unto him nay so unpleasing and unwelcome and which is more he so often refused the pomps delights and grandours which were profered him that all the world must needs confess that where Nature could claim so small an interest the master and directer of Nature must needs have had a great share Wherefore we may aver with a great deal of reason That in case he hath hoorded and laid up Treasures it hath been in the Intrals of the Poor of all Sexes and of all Nations of all Professions and Religions both at home and abroad insomuch that it hath been computed that out of his own private instinct particular Motions and pious Compassion he distributed at least forty thousand pounds a year in Charitable Uses out of his own purse out of such Moneys as the Commonwealth did allow him for his Domestique Expences and for the maintenance of his State and the Dignity of his Person Family and the keeping up the splendour of his Court. And the better to illustrate this matter we shall insert an Essay of two examples of Generosity and Gratitude which are not to be parallel'd save in the persons of Thomas Lord Cromwell his late Highness's predecessor in Henry the Eighth's Reign and in the person of his late Highness Oliver Lord Protector In those glorious dayes when the English young Gentry endeavored to out-vie their elder Brothers by undertaking far and dangerous journies into Forreign parts to acquire glory by feats of Arms and experiencing themselves in the Military Discipline Thomas Cromwel a younger Brother to better his knowledge in Warlike Affairs passed into France and there trailed a Pike accompanying the French Forces into Italy where they were defeated at Gattellion whereupon our English Volantier betook himself to Florence designing to pass thence home again into England but having loft all his equipage and being in a necessitated condition he was enforced to address himself to one Signior Francisco Frescobald an Italian Merchant who corresponded at London and making his case known unto him Frescobald observing something remarkable and a certain promising greatness in the Features Actions and Deportment of Thomas Cromwel who gave an account of himself with so candid an ingenuity and in such terms as beseemed his Birth and the Profession he then was of whereby he gained so much upon Frescobald as inviting him home to his house he caused him to be accommodated with new Linnen and Clothes and other sutable necessaries kindly entertaining him till such time as he testified a desire to return for England when as to compleat his Generosity and Kindeness he gave Mr. Thomas Cromwell a Horse and sixteen Duccats in gold to prosecute his journey homewards In process of time several disasters and Bankrupts befalling Signior Frescobald his Trading and Credit was not a little thereby impaired and reflecting on the Moneys which were due unto him by his Correspondents in England to the value of 15000. Duccats he resolved to pass thither and try whether he could happily procure payment During which interval of time Mr. Thomas Cromwell being a person endowed with a great deal of Courage of a transcendent Wit hardy in his undertakings and a great Politician had by these his good qualities gotten himself