bear any Grain Commodities The Country every where affordeth plenty of Sheep Oxen Coneys and fallow Deer as also abundance of Geese Ducks Hens Turkies Pigeons Partridges Sea-Plover Herons Quailes and Larks c. with great plenty of Fish such as Salmonds Pikes Carps and Trouts also Herrings Oysters Cockles Mussels Turpots and Lobsters Fruits As Apples Pears Plums Cherries Peaches and Apricocks Corn Barly Rie Beans Pease and Oats Also it produceth a great quantity of Tin Lead Copper Allom Salt Hops with several Silver-Mines It is accounted Richer under ground than above by reason of their Mines which when tryed yeild much in their quantities of Ore SECT II. Of the Laws of Scotland THey are made of the Municipal and Civil Laws the Municipal consists either of Acts of Parliament or of the Customes and Practices of the Colledge of Justice and when neither of these contradict the Civil Law is of force All the Rights and Evidences of the Subject are committed to Registers by which means men are sure not to be cheated in buying or conveying Estates For first no man can have a right to an Estate but by his being seised of it which is done by delivering Earth and Stone upon which an Instrument is made called a Seising and this within sixty dayes after must be Registred else it is of no force by which means all secret Conveyances are cut off Next all Bonds have a Clause in them for inserting them in the publick Registers and they being Registred without any further Action upon a charge of six dayes the Debtor must make payment A Third Instance is that any Creditor may serve a Writ on his Debtor called Letters of Inhibitione by which he can make no disposition of his Goods or Estate till the Party be satisfied if these Letters be returned Registred within twenty-one days after they are served otherwise they have no force Many such Instances may be produced by which it appears how securely the Subject may enjoy that he hath or may purchase SECT III. Of the Cheif Officers of State of the Parliament of the Privy Council of the Colledge of Justice of the Justice Court and of the Exchequer THe King administers the Government of the Kingdom by his Officers of State who are Eight in number The first is the Lord Chancellour who is Keeper of the Great Seal and President of all Courts except the Exchequer This Office is in the Person of John Earl of Perth The second is the Lord Treasurer who manages the Revenue and presides in the Exchequer who is at present the Marquess of Queensbury The third is the Lord Privy Seal which Office the Marquess of Athole enjoyes The fourth is the Lord Secretary who is at present Alexander Earl of Murray The fifth Officer is the Lord Clerk of the Registers who has the charge of all the publick Records this Office is executed by Sir George Mikenzie of Tarbet The sixth is the Kings Advocate he is commonly a Judge except in cases where the King is concerned and then he pleads for the King The present Lord Advocate is Sir George Mikenzie of Rosehaugh The seventh Office is the Lord Treasurer Deputy which Office was Executed by Sir Charles Maitland of Hattoun now Earl of Lauderdale The eighth is the Lord Justice Clerk who assists the Lord Justice General in criminal Causes The present Justice Clerk is Richard Maitland Esquire Par. The Parliament is made up of three Estates The first is Ecclesiastical consisting of Arch-Bishops and Bishops The second Estate is The Nobility and Barons The third is The Burroughs Upon the first day of each Parliament there are such solemnities and magnificent Shews as is not observed in any Kingdom upon such occasions For all the members of Parliament according to their degree Riding as it were in Procession from the Kings Palace to the Parliament House The Commissioner Riding last The Crown the Sword and the Scepter with the rest of the Honours being carryed before him they return in the same order back again to the Palace Sometimes the King makes use of a Convention of Estates which can make no Laws only by this meeting impositions are laid upon the Subjects The Parliament being the supream Court it is not impertinent to give a List of the Nobility with their Precedency and Surnames which is as follows Dukes His Royal Highness the Duke of Albany   Surnames The Dukes of Hamilton Hamilton Buccleauch Scot. Lenox Lenox  Marquesses Surnames The Marquess of Huntley Gordone Douglas Douglas Montross Graham Athol Murray Queensbury Douglass  Earls Surnames The Earls of Crawford Lindsey Errol Hay Marishall Keith Southerland Southerland Marr Ereskine Airth Grahame Morton Douglass Buchan Ereskine Glencairn Cunninghame Eglinton Montgomery Casstles Kennedy Murray Stewart Caithness Sinclare Nithifdale Maxwell Wintoune Seatoune Linlithgow Livingstone Hume Hume Pearth Drummond Dumfermling Seatoune Wigtoun Fleming Strathmore Lyon Abercorn Hamilton Roxborough Ker. Kelly Ereiskine Haddingtoun Hamilton Galloway Stewart Seaforth Mac. Kenzy Lowthian Ker. Kinnoule Hay Loudon Campbell Dumfriess Creighton Sterling Alexander Elgine Bruce Southesk Carnaigy Traquair Stewart Ancram Ker. Weimes Weimes Dalhousy Ramsey Airly Ogilvy Callender Levingstone Carnwath Dalziel Finlator Ogilvy Levin Lesley Annandale Johnstone Dysert Murray Panmuire Mauld Tweddale Hay Northesk Carnaigy Kinkardin Bruce Forfar Douglass Balcarres Lindsay Middleton Middleton Aboyne Gordone Tarras Scot. Newburgh Levingstone Kilmarnock Boyd Dundonald Cochraine Dumbarton Douglass Kintore Keith Broad Albyne Campbell Aberdeen Gordone  Viscounts Surnames The Viscounts of Faulkland Carey Dumbarr Constable Stormont Murray Kenmure Gordone Arbuthnet Arbuthnet Frendaret Creightone Kingstone Seatoune Oxenford Macgill Kilsyth Levingstone Irwing Campbell Dumbiane Osborne Preston Grahame Newhaven Sheene  Lords Surnames The Lords of Forbes Forbes Saltone Frazier Gray Gray Ochiltry Stewart Cathcart Cathcart Sinclare Sinclare Mordington Douglass Semple Semple Elphingstone Elphingstone Oliphant Oliphant Lovat Frazier Borthwick Borthwick Rosse Rosse Torphighen Sandilands Spyne Lindsey Lindoris Lesley Balmerinoch Elphingstone Blantyre Stewart Cardrosse Ereskine Burghly Balfour Maderty Drummond Cranstone Cranstone Melvil Melvil Neaper Neaper Cameron Fairfax Cramond Richardson Rae Macky Forrester Bailzy Petslâ—go Kirkudbright Mac-cleland Frazier Frazier Bargany Hamilton Bamf Ogilvy Elibank Murray Dunkeld Galloway Halcarton Falconer Belhaven Hamilton Abercromby Sandilands Carmichael Carmichael Rollo Rollo Colvil Colvil Duffus Southerland Ruthven Ruthven Mack-Donald Mack-donald Rutherford Rutherford Balanden Balanden Newark Lesly Burntisland Weimes Strathard Nairne His Majesties Privy Council is chiefly imployed about Publick Affairs the Power of it hath been mostly raised since King James came to the Crown of England by reason of which being necessitated to be absent from Scotland himself he lodged much of his power in the Lords of His Privy Council we cannot by reason of the late alterations give an exact List of the present Lords of the Council Wherefore we shall forbear The Supream Court of Judicature about the property of the Subject is called the Colledge of Justice It consists of fourteen Judges who
sent to bring home the Queen he was no sooner gone then his Interest at Court began to fall for a Parliament being called the Lord Boyd and his Brother Sir Alexander are summoned to appear thereupon he distrusting this Case fled to England but his Brother was taken and Arraigned the Earl of Arran also though absent is declared a Rebel The Queen arriving with her fleet arriving in the Ferth My Lady Arran went aboard in disguise and informed her Husband of the calamity of his House perswaded him to do for himself whereupon he hoisted Sails and returned with his Lady to Denmark The King sendeth Letters full of promises and threatnings to move his sister to return to Scotland which when she did she was constrained to be divorced from her Husband and to Marry James Lord Hamilton not long after the Earl of Arran dyed in great misery at Antwerp Queen Margaret the third year after her Marriage brought forth a Son who was named James the King of Denmark to Congratulate the happy delivery of his Daughter released all his claims to the Isles of Orkney and Sherland but in the midst of this calm a cloud begins to overcast the Kings Splendor for his Brothers being Princes of unquiet and restless spirits they set themselves altogether to study Novelties and to bring him into contempt with his Subjects to this end they had drawn away many of the young Nobility and Gentry to follow them The King was Naturally Superstitious giving much head to divinations which gave also his Brothers occasion to vilifie him and incense his people against him yea the Earl of Marre became so Insolent that in the Kings own presence he began to raile against the Government of the state and Court which the King highly resenting caused to Imprison him where he fell in a high Fever whereof he dyed The Duke of Albany imputed the death of his Brother to the Court party but while he was keeping his Cabals in order to an Insurrection he was surprised and Imprisoned in the Castle of Edenburgh out of which he soon after made his escape to France thence he came to England and began to tamper with King Edward revealing to him the weakness of the Kingdom of Scotland and how easily it might be subdued the Nobility not respecting the King but much affecting a change in the Government which by his assistance might easily be effected he promised also to settle a corespondence with the Nobles of Scotland which he did then that they might get their design wrought gives way for the breaking loose of the Borders fierce incursions are made by the English upon Scotland and by the Scots upon the English and the discontented Nobility blame the King for all thereupon pretending the necessity of the times and the danger the Kingdom was in they entered into a Bond of association after which they enter the Kings bed chamber where they seized some of his Servants in his presence and put them to death as incendiaries in the state About this time the Duke of Gloucester set forward toward Scotland with two and twenty thousand men finding Berwick two strong for him he marches directly to Edenburgh there by publick writings at the Market places he gave out high demands all which King James being shut up in Edenburgh Castle answered with silence the disatisfied Lords having obtained what they chiefly aimed at wished the English at home again therefore they desire a peace with them which the Duke of Gloucester granted upon condition that all his demands were satisfied one of which was to reinstall the Duke of Albany which after much debate was granted and he with his Army returned home The Duke of Albany having recovered his Estate and Honours his first work was to restore the King to his Prerogatives reconciling him to his discontented Lords but he himself stood not long in his favour for by the advice of some of his Enemies about the King a Plot is resolved upon to bring the Duke within compass of Law which he being aware of fled to England to present to King Edward and the Duke of Gloucester his grievancies in his absence he is convinced of many points of Treason whereupon he and the Lord Crightton his Associate are both forfeited which when he heard he presently caused to give up the Castle of Dunbar whereof he was Lieutenant to King Edward who immediately put a Garison in it Not long after the said King Edward dyed and his Brother Richard Duke of Gloucester Succeeded The Duke of Albany obtains five hundred Horse from King Richard with which he came with the old Earl of Douglass to Lochmabban to surprise a Fair which was held there whereupon the Laird of Johnston who was warden dispatched Posts about for supply of men with which he Encountred the Duke here it is most Couragously fought on both sides but at last the English are quite routed the Duke hardly by swiftness of his Horse escaped but the Earl of Dowglass is taken and brought in Triumph to Edenburgh where the King adjudged him to perpetual confinement soon after followed a Truce with England for three years but before the time was expired Henry Earl of Richmond came with some Companies out of France of which that Famous warriour Bernard Stewart Lord Albany Brother to the Lord Darnly had the leading which by the resort of his Country men turned into an Army and Rencountred Richard at Bosworth where he was killed and Henry Proclaimed King of England King James taking advantage of this change besieged Dunbar which was soon surrendred upon Articles After this King Henry sent Embassadors to King James to agree if possible upon a lasting and firm Peace between the two Crowns at length after some difficulty they agree upon a Truce for seven years The King having settled a Peace with England betakes himself to the Exercise of Religion having founded a Colledge for divine Service in the Castle of Sterling he endeavoured to annex the Priory of Goldingham to it The Priors of this Convent having for many years been of the Name of Humealedged that they were wronged of their Right First they began to Petition but finding this uneffectual they began to associate with their Neighbours giving it out that the King was a meer Tyrant not to be trusted by which means many of the Hearts of the Subjects were alienated from the King The King understanding how things stood he made choice of a Guard to defend his Person resolving to live beyond the River Ferth of which when the Lords of the Insurrection were certified they surprize the Castle Dunbar and tumultuously over-run the Countries besouth the Ferth Thus coming to Lithgow they resolved to make the Duke of Rothesay the Kings own Son their Head whom having corrupted his Keepers with Bribes they constrained to go with them But the King loosing neither Courage nor Councel passeth the Ferth near Blackness with his Forces before his arrival at this place
the Earls of Montross Gleancan Lords Maxwel Ruthwen with others being advertised by Letters came to him they of the Association having the Prince with them to add Authority to their Quarrel Gathered from all Quarters the two Armies being in readiness to decide their Quarrel by Battel the Earl of Athole the Kings Uncle so travelled between the Lords of either Party that the King had a Suspension of Arms agreed on The Earl rendring himself a pledge for the Accomplishment of the Kings part of the Reconcilement to Lord Hails Thus the King lost a good opportunity the like of which was never again in his offer for the Lords notwithstanding that was agreed upon continued very troublesome to the Country the Town of Edenburgh is pestered with Troops of armed Men. The King warned of his danger fortifies the Castle of Edenburgh for his defence then he sent to the Lords to understand their Intentions and what they meant they finding their offences flew higher than hope of pardon could reach answered that nothing could secure them nor the Kingdom until he had divested himself of all the Government of the Kingdom and resigned the Crown in Favour of his Son But he resolving to hazard all rather then condescend to this was advised by some of his Friends to retire to the Castle of Sterling where his Forces might have more easie Access to him but this proved a a fatal advice for coming thither the Treacherous Constable denyed him entrance in the mean time News came to him that the Confederates were within six miles of him at Falkirk The King to make a Vertue of necessity resoves to put all upon the hazard of a Battel the Confederates were incamped near the Torwood The King set forward with his Army upon the other side of the Torwood Both drew up in a plain field near Bannock-burn and engaged most desperately The first Charge is valiantly given and Lance meeting with Lance the Vant-Guard of the Lords began to yield ground But the next Charge being given by Anandale Men the middle of the Kings Army is beat back to the main Battel notwithstanding of which it is fought a while with great obstinacy on both sides until the Standard Royal was beaten down then began the Kings Army to bow the Horsemen obeying no Orders begun to turn their backs In this rout and Confusion of Horse and Foot the King seeking to retire towards the River Ferth by the fall of his Horse in leaping a Ditch being sore bruised was carried by such who knew him not to a Well at Bannock-burn where he was killed in cold Blood by Borthwick a Priest with some others the twenty ninth year of his Reign and was buried at Kambush-Kenneth 105. To him succeeded his Son James the fourth who was Crowned at Edenburgh A. D. 1489. Being about sixteen years of age a noble and Couragious Prince and Godly the beginning of his Government was most uneasie the Death of the late King being yet recent his followers resolve to have it revenged In the North Alexander Lord Forbs displayed the Bloody shirt of the murthered King upon a Lance in Aberdeen and other places of the North inviting the Country as by an Herald to the revenge of his Murther In the West the Earl of Lennox hath the same resolution also the Earl of Marshad Lords Goodore and Lyle with the Confederates in other parts of the Kingdom But the Lord Drumond routed the Earl of Lennox at Telliemoss and also Sir Andrew Wood obtained a considerable Victory over the English who pretended to revenge the late Kings death at the mouth of Ferth The Rumor of these Victories so amazed Forbs and his Confederates that they laid down their Arms and put themselves into the Kings mercy and were all received into Favour The Lords rejoyced greatly that they had brought things to this pass but the King gave no sign of Joy yea upon the contrary to give a Testimony to the World of the Agony of his mind for the Death of his Father and that Remorse and Anguish he suffered for the Faults of those who brought him to the Field against him he girded himself with an Iron Chain to which every third year thereafter he added some Rings and weight so long as he lived and though this might threaten no good to some yet they pass it by not daring to Attempt ought against the common Peace Amidst this Grief and Sorrow of the Kings Andrew Forman Secretary to Alexander the sixth Bishop of Rome arrived in Scotland with Instructions to the Clergy in a Letter from his Master to the King and Nobles exhorting them to the mutual Duties of their Stations after this some Head-strong Nobility dying the Country enjoyed a great calm of Peace the Seeds of Dissention seeming to be quite taken away But the Borders keeping up their old fewds by new Accessions make daily Incursions one upon another which came at last to open Hostility Whereupon King James enters England and spoils all the North parts and returns home without any considerable Action not long after Ambassadors came from England desiring a Peace which is granted and the Commissioners for both sides met at Edenburgh where many Articles and conditions of the peace were hotly disputed one of the Englishe's demands was an Interview between the two Kings at Newcastle which being referred to King James his own arbitrement he answered that he meant to treat of a Peace but not to go a Begging for it Much being said at last they conclude upon a Peace for some Months following after which followed a match between King James of Scotland with Lady Margaret the King of Englands Eldest Daughter which was consummated at Edenburgh King Henry bringeth his Daughter as far as Cokebiston in the way and then resigning her to the Earl of Northumberland who with a great train of Lords and Ladys brought her to Edenburgh to the King her Husband where they for some days were taken up with nothing but Banqueting masks and Tilting with such other exercises by this means the King wasted his Treasures greatly then some of them set their wits awork to squeeze the Subjects for Money which occasioned great murmurings among the Poor A. D. 1507. James Prince of Scotland and the Isles was born at Holy-Rood-house the one and twentyth of January but he soon after dyed at Sterling the year following the Queen brought forth another Son named Arthur but he dyed also in the Castle of Edenburgh Then she brought forth her third Son at Linlithgow who Succeeded to the Crown and was named James About the same time Bernard Stewart came to Scotland intreating that King James would make War with King Henry of England to keep him from molesting France which at last he obtained then began they to go to their old work of making incursions one upon another till at last it breaks out to an open War Whilst King James staied at Linlithgow attending the gathering of an Army now ready
enough neither had they Ammunition enough to Engage with so strong an Enemy in his own Country that they thought it enough that upon their approaching they made the English retire if not fly for whether they did fly or retire they had suffered as much Wrong as they had done The King finding them thus obstinate returneth with his Army to Edenburgh where he immediately Disbanded them he begins most bitterly to reflect upon the Noble mens refusing to Invade England which was aggravated and abetted by Cardinal Beatâ—n Oliver Sinclave and others The Lord Maxnel seeing the King so highly Offended desired His Majesty to give him Ten Thousand men and he would ingage his Honour to effect something to the King's Satisfaction the King thanketh him for his Offer appointeth a Rendezvous upon the West Marches No Proclamations are divulged for the levies of Men but close Letters sent The Cardinal and the Earl of Arran March towards Haddingtoun and the East Borders and several Earls Lords and Barons accompanied with the King 's Domestick Servants ride to the West Borders The Night before they rode the King himself came to Lochmabban to attend the Event Sir Thomas Wharton Warden of the Marches much troubled at such a frequent Assembly of the Scottish Riders raising the Power of the Country placeth them by a Hill where he might take a view of the Forces The Scottish Lords beholding the English putting themselves in a Fighting posture desire to know the King's Lieutenant-General whereupon Oliver Sinclave is mounted upon crossed Pikes and the Commission read wherein he is designed to be Lieutenant and all Commanded in the King's Name to follow him No sooner began the Commission to be read but such a Tumult and confused Clamour arose in the Army that there was no Order kept every thing running in Confusion The English taking advantage of the Disorder brake in among them while they stand in Amaze doubting whether to Fly or Stand. Here is a general Surprize most part willingly rendering themselves to the English without any shew of Defence many of the Nobility and Gentry were taken and carried Prisoners to London where they remained till after the King's Death The certainty of this voluntary Defeat coming to the King at Lockmabban so Stupified and Astonished him that he had neither Council nor Resolution what to follow apprehending by this and their former Actions that the Nobility had Conspired his overthrow After which he came to Faulkland where he gave himself over to Sorrow Now are his Thoughts busied with Revenge as also with rage against his Nobility Long Watchings continual Cares and Passions abstinence from Food and Recreation had so extenuated his Body that pierced with Grief Anguish Impatience Despair he remained affixed to his Bed To Comfort him Letters came from Lithgow to him That his Queen was delivered of a Daughter when he heard it was a Daughter he turned his Face from them that read the Letter and Sighing a Farewel to the World It will end as it began sayes he the Crown came by a Woman and it will go with one The Cardinal put some blank Papers in his hand of which they Composed a Letter-Will which whether he Subscribed or not is uncertain After which he spoke not many Words that could be understood he Dyed the Thirteenth of December Anno Dom. 1542. in the Thirty-Third Year of his Age and Thirty-Second of his Reign not without Suspition of having got an Italian Posset by the Cardinal's means The King was no sooner Dead leaving his young Daughter who was afterward called Mary to Succeed then the Cardinal proclaimed his Last Will wherein were expressed four Protectors or Regents of whom himself was the First and Principal and with him were joyned the Earls of Huntly Argyle and Murry But within a Week after the Chase was turned For the Earl of Arran being advised by the Lord of Grange who was Treasurer and Master Henry Balneaves with some others caused to Assemble the Peers of the Realm representing to them his undoubted Title to the Government of the Kingdom during the Minority of her to whom by Line he should Succeed if she want Succession of her own body The Cardinal opposed himself and all his Interest against Arran but it was carried by many Voices whereupon Arran was declared Governor and with publick Proclamation invested in his Office A Parliament soon followed wherein the Clergy most violently pressed That severe Edicts might be Published against those they called Hereticks But others Propounding in Parliament whether such of the People as could not speak Latine might not have the Word of their Salvation in the Language they understood as Lawfully as they that understood Latine must have it in that Language it was Voted Affirmative and at last after much debating it passed into an Act That it was free for all Men and Women to Read the Scripture in their own vulgar Tongue and all Acts made to the contrary were rescinded King Henry before the Parliament was ended sent an Ambassador to Scotland whose Embassage was to Contract a perpetual League and Amity between the Two Kingdoms and that all Occasions of Wars might be taken away a Match was proposed by the Ambassador between young Prince Edward and the Queen of Scotland which was by the Governour and Parliament Accepted whereupon they sent their Ambassadors to England where things came so far that both Partyes declared their Agreement in all Particulars except the time when the young Queen should be delivered to the English The Papists foreseeing what would probably follow if the Queen should be put in their Enemy the King of England's hand begin with all their might to Oppose it about this time the Governors base Brother John Hamilton came from France who was very helpful to his brethren the Papists in carrying on all their Affairs At last partly by few promises of great Things and partly by Threatning to declare him an Enemy to Holy-Church if he complied not they make him Condescend to break with England whereupon ensued great and bloody Wars between the Two Kingdoms for King Henry immediately sent a strong Army to Scotland who came as far as Edenburgh committing great Hostilities In compensation of which the Scots enter England Burning and Destroying all before them returning again with great Spoil Mr. George Wishart being by Cardinal Beaton burnt Alive for the Protestant Religion the said Cardinal was surprized by Norman Loslie Master of Rothes William Kirkaldie of Grange and John Loslie of Park-Hill in his Castle of St. Andrews and put to Death Possessing themselves of the Castle for their Security knowing that now they were to have many and powerful Enemies which accordingly fell out for the Papists procure an Army from France under the conduct of Monsieur Deosel who besieged the Castle and soon after took it King Henry being now Dead his Son King Edward sent an Army of Ten Thousand Men to Scotland The Popish Party there procures the
the mean time the Queen was conveyed out of Lochlavin by George Douglass the Governours Brother my Lord Seaton and divers of the House of Hamiltone with their dependers waited to receive her and conveyed her to Hamiltoun The Regent being at Glasgow draws together what men he could so suddenly command and with them Marches to Langsidemoor where it was Fought most Briskly but the Queen though being more in number was worsted after which she lost all courage never resting till she was in England The Regent returned Victor and destributed the Spoyl among his Friends and Dependants The Queen of England sends Ambassadors to the Regent desiring him to send Commissioners to her to give her a reason of their thus proceeding against their Queen upon which he himself went to Berwick for that purpose After long reasoning they parted without concluding any thing The Regent returning home did not sit long Idle for the Earl of Hamilton pretending a right to the Regency conveins his friends at Glasgow the Regent presently went against him He finding himself disappointed of many that he expected to come to his Assistance submitted himself and is made prisoner Queen Mary being by the Queen of Englands order conveyed to Carlisle The Duke of Norfolk in hopes to get her in Marriage became mighty forward to procure her liberation which made Queen Elizabeth begin to grow jealous of him whereupon he is committed to the Tower a Conspiracy being discovered which he managed for relievving the Queen of Scots The Regent having brought things to some order at home the Hamiltons seeing it impossible for them now to contend with him Killed him most Treacherously and Basely as he was passing through Lithgow having shot him with a Hakbut out at a Window January the 22 d. 1569. About three Months after Lennox the Kings Grandfather is chosen Regent Hamilton being by all refused he marches with 5000 to Lithgow to suppress the Queens Faction they intended to call a Parliament there great Confusion follows over all the Kingdom A Parliament being summoned by the Regent at Sterling they began to reform abuses which are very many but they thinking themselves secure took no care to keep Guards Whereupon one George Bell marches from Edenburgh in the Night time as guid to the Earl of Huntly he commanded five hundred men they surprised them all in their Beds some escaped and others were taken Prisoners but the Regent himself was killed in the Tumult Those who were for the King chose the Earl of Mar Regent about this time the Duke of Norfolk was arraigned and found guilty of Complotting with Queen Mary against Queen Elizabeth and within four Months after had his Head chopt off upon Tower-Hill where he confessed all the indictment Mar about a year after being chosen Regent dyes at Sterline to succeed whom Mortoon was without controversie Elected The King was committed to the keeping of Alexander Arskine and Mr. George Buchanan made his Tutor none of the Queens Party being permitted to come near him The Factious had by this time become very unnatural the Mother against the Son and the Son against the Mother Edenburg Castle which Kirkaldie of Grange kept for the Queen is besieged and taken by the Regent and the Governour with his Brother Hanged The Regent proud of his Success began to be somewhat extravagant which was a forerunner of his downfall which his Enemies improved to his disadvantage Whereupon he is deposed The King seeing that things were turning from bad to worse took the Scepter in his own Hand having the Assistance of twelve Noblemen whereof Mâ—rtoun was one A Parliament soon after is called at Edingburgh where the King appeared to his People being yet but twelve years Old In this Parliament was ratified that Confession of Faith inserted in the late Test in Scotland Anno Dom. 1582. Fell out the Road of Ruthwen where the King was Seized by some of his Nobles and carried to Edinburg upon pretence That he was Misled by bad Councils They kept him under a sort of Restraint for above a Year but at last being at St. Andrews he was Relieved by Collonel Stewart Captain of the Castle for as the King had entred the Gate the Collonel presently shuts it and by this means shuts out the company that attended the King Soon after many of them are Imprisoned but all obtain a Pardon except the Earl of Goury who was Arraigned Condemned and Executed Anno Dom. 1584. About which time there is a Plot discovered in England to set the Queen of Scots at Liberty in which the Lord Pagâ—t Throgmorton and others were concerned who accordingly suffered for it But the Suspition of all reflected upon Queen Mary which hastened her ruine Whereupon she was removed from her Fifteen Years Imprisonment under the Earl of Shrewsberry to Sir Amias Pawlet and Sir Drew Drury in Fothrengam Castle on purpose to put her upon extremities of Redress against their extream Imprisoning Whereupon she deals with the Pope and Spain to hasten the means of her Relief but it proved the hastening of her destruction The Council of England after long deliberation what to do with Queen Mary at last resolved to proceed against her upon Act 27. Eliz. Against Plotters or Contrivers of the Queens Death To which purpose a Commission under the Great Seal issued out Impowering twenty-four Noble-Men and others therein who came to the Castle the 11th of Octob. 1536. to Try her The manner of her Tryal was thus A Chair of State was set as for the Queen of England at the upper end of the Presence Chamber Beneath against it was placed a Chair for the Queen of Scots close to the Walls on both sides of the Cloath of Estate seats were made for the Lords next to these were the Knights Privy Councellors Forward before the Earls sate the two Chief Justices and on the other side other two Justices At a Table in the midst sate the Attorney General the Solicitor a Sergeant at Law the Clerk of the Crown and two Notaries The Inditement being read she declined their Jurisdiction being a free Princess and not a Subject to the Crown of England to which it was Answered That her declinator was in vain for whosoever offends the Laws of England in England must be subject to the same and accordingly examined and Judged So they proceeded to examine the Evidence and after a long Tryal and much spoken on both sides she is found guilty Not many dayes after a Parliament was called wherein Queen Elizabeth was besought that the Sentence against the Queen of Scots might be put in Execution The Queen desired that some other methods might be consulted for safely and that poor distressed Queen spared but they answer What no other satisfaction Whereupon the Sentence was Proclaimed throughout London and all the Kingdom King James hearing of his Mothers condition writ several Letters to Queen Elizabeth passionately desiring that the Sentence might be reversed but all to no
purpose for soon after she signed a Warrant for a Mandate fitted for the Great Seal for her Execution which was performed upon Wednesday the 8th of February 1586. Queen Elizabeth immediately after Writes a Letter full of Apologies and fair promises to King James yet notwithstanding in great discontent he calls home his Ambassadours from the Court of England The States of Scotland urge him to a revenge The King of Spain also and the Pope promise him great assistance if he would undertake it but he thought fit to delay for a time which made England the more suspitious of his Designs Wherefore an Ambassadour was sent to him earnestly desiring him to take off his adherence from Forreign Friendship assuring him that his Mothers fate would be no prejudice to his right of Succession which was a powerful Argument with him The next Year the Kings Marriage with the King of Denmarks Daughter was agreed upon In the mean time the Popish Lords such as Huntly Cranford and Aâ—rol make a Rebellion in the North to suppress which the King himself went in Person at his coming the Rebels disperse the Headers of them submitted to the Kings Mercy and are commited close Prisoners and not long after Tryed and found Guilty but the Sentence was delayed to an indefinite time which at last turned to a Pardon The King hearing that his Marriage was consumated at Denmark by Proxie and the Queen at Sea was soon after surprised with the News that her Navy was beat into Norway by a Storm He presently resolves to go thither and meet Her which he does very privately leaving the Government of the Kingdom to his Council Within five dayes he arrives at Norway where he was solemnly Marryed the next Sunday From thence he went with his Queen to Visit the Queen Mother of Denmark where they staid till April following Then having sent for Shipping to return they Landed at Leith the 20 th day of May Anno Dom. 1590. and a little after the Queen was solemnly Crowned at Holy-Rood-House Though the King made severe Laws against Feuds yet were they not quite suppressed for by reason of a quarrel between the Earles of Huntly and Murray the North broke very loose as did the Kers also in the South but they were soon suppressed till Bothwel afterward being Imprisoned for consulting with Witches to take away the Kings Life and having escaped made an attempt upon the Kings Lodgings and was repulsed being suspected to have been with Murray the Earl of Huntly procures a Warrant to take him and coming to Dunnibirsle where Murray was firing the House Murray attempting to make his Escape was Barbarously Murdered Bothwel having so often been disappointed of his designes at last having got some of the Lords on his side he came in by the Postern-gate under disguise of attending my Lady Athole with another of his Companions armed to the very Bed-Chamber where he forced the King to grant him a Pardon which was the next day repealed in Council and Bothwel and his Associates forced to fly Anno Dom. 1593. The Queen was delivered of her first Born in Sterliâ—g where he was Christned in the Chappel Roval by the Name of Henry Frederick Two Years after Princess Elizabeth was born at Edenburgh The King resolving to bring the Church of Scotland to a Conformity in Government and Ceremonies did occasion much confusion for the Ministers strong opposed having also a great part of the Nobility on their side The Popish Lords and others unable to stand out any longer submitted to the Censure of the Church The next Year a Parliament is called wherein the King will have some of the Ministers sit as representing the Church being Church Affairs as well as Affairs of State are handled there Anno Dom. 1599. John Earl of Goury and his Brother Alexander attempt to kill the King at Perth but both of them dyed in the attempt and had all their Lands seized for the Kings use In commemoration of which the 5th of August is annually celebrated The 26 th of February 1600. Prince Charles was born at Domfermling which afterward was King of Great Britain c. The Jesuits having no hope of Toleration in Scotland all their Politicks having failed them they went the old way to work One Moubray at the Court of Spaiâ— undertook to kill King James but as he was upon his way to London he was discovered by an Italian who accused him of his intended Murther whereupon they were both taken and sent to Scotland Moubray was committed to the Castle where having found a way to break the Iron Grates of the Prison window thought to have let himself down by a Rope which proving too short he fell from the precipice and dashed out his braines upon a Rock Queen Elizabeths health beginning to decay by reason of her age and the great troubles she had undergone removes from London to Richmond where she daily became weaker and weaker The Lord Admiral Lord Keeper and Secretary Cecil came from the Council to know her pleasure concerning her Successor She answered My Throne is for a King none othâ—â— shall Succeed me Cecil asked her What King She said What other King than my Kinsman the King of Scots Then after some time not stirring she leasurely turned her head about and dyed the Seventyeth year of her Age the 24th of March 1602. Her eyes being shut the same day the Lords Spiritual and Temporal being Assembled proclaimed her death and declared King James her Successor Presently Posting Letters to him acquainting him with the Queens Death and being a Body without a Head humbly desiring his Majesty to hasten to them how soon and in what manner he pleaseth The King having communicated these Letters to his Privy-Council returns them his acknowledgment of their dutifull Affection The King sets out for England ordering the Queen to follow Twenty days after the Princes Henry Charles and Princess Elizabeth at further Pleasure He was most magnificently Entertained all the way having a Gallant train of Scottish Noblemen and other Gentlemen to convey him to Berwick where he was most magnificently received by the English and accompanied with Shouts and Acclamations of Joy by all ranks in his Journey through England till he came to London His first Reception was in the Charter-House where he stayed four days having confered the Honour of Knighthood upon 80 Gentlemen On St. Jameses's day the King and Queen were Crowned at Westminster in the Fatal Marble Chair Secretary Elphingston was within a few years after accused by the King for Writing Letters to the Pope in his Name which he confessed and was thereupon committed but soon after pardoned The King was not allowed to enjoy the pleasure of his new Title with Peace for soon after followed the Treason of the Lord Cobham and Gray with Sir Walter Rawley and others for which some of the number being condemned to dye and brought to the very Block obtained a Pardon His Majesty took
upon him the Title of Great Britain to take away every thing that might be occasion of discord amongst the Subjects of the two Kingdoms and to that effect were sundry of his Majesties Chief Officers of Estate sent for to England by Commission viz. The Earl of Moâ—â—rose Great Chancellour of Scotland Francis Earl of Errol Lord great Constable Alexander Lord Urquhart and Fyve President Sir Thomas Hamilton Advocate the Lords Lithgow and Roxburgh with sundry others of the Nobility with Sir John Sharp and Sir Thomas Craig Learned Lawyers These meeting with the Chancellour Treasurer Secretary had many Learned Orations Conferences and Speeches wherein the King assisted himself sometime in person This great meeting was dissolved without any great business done At this time came to England Don John de Velasco great Constable of Castile and Extraordinary Ambassador from the King of Spain to take Oath of the King for observation of the Articles of Peace concluded between these two Kings Like as Baron Howard of Essingham and Earl of Nottingham and High Admiral of England was sent into Spain to take the King of Spain's Oath for observation of Peace Like as Edward Baron of Beauchamp and Earl of Hartford were sent into the low Countries for the same purpose The Earl of Rutland was sent into Denmark and sundry Noblemen and Gentlemen to sundry Kings and Princes and Common-wealths his Confederates and Allyances Thomas Percie Robert Catesbee Thomas Winter by the instigation of some Jesuits having intended to Overthrow the King His Queen and Posterity at one blow intended that most inhumane and barbarous Treason called The Powder-Plot and to that effect associating themselves with Sir Edward Dickâ—ee Ambrose Rockwood John Grant the two Wrights with sundry others fell to digging of the Vault where after long travail hearing that the Cellers were to Let Hyring the Cellers which were under the Parliament House to the use of Mr. Thomas Piercie one of the Kings Gentlemen Pensioners and one of the chief Plotters where conveying in the said Cellers under the Parliament-House a great quantity of Gun-Powder with Billets and Faggots with sundry other combustible stuff the principle Plotters removed themselves to Warwickshire under pretence of a Match Hunting and at that time to surprise Lady Elizabeth then in the custody of the Lord Hadington whom they meant to proclaim Queen and in her Name to enter into Arms. But there is an eye in Heaven that seeth mens actions and lays them open to the view of the World by weak means and weak instruments All things succeeding thus happily as they thought and leaving Faukes alias Johnstoun to give Fire to the Train in the Night time by Torch The Lord Monteagle going along in his Coach an unknown Fellow presents him with a Letter The tenor whereof was to withdraw his Lordship from that session of parliament wherein there was something to be done against the Catholicks but there was a terrible blow to be given and no man should know who should be the giver of it and when the Letter was burnt the Peril was ended My Lord Monteagle in Religion Popish notwithstanding delivereth the Letter to Salisbury who acquainting my Lord Chamberlain and after my Lord Admiral and the Earls of Worster and Northampton who not finding out the meaning of the Letter and knowing that the KING was well seen in such hid misteries present it to his MAJESTY in the privy Gallery The King Reading it over and over again Salisbury told him that he thought some Mad Fellow had written it his Majesty asking the reason of Salisbury He replyed because he writ there was a terrible blow to be given and no man should know who should be the giver His Majestie answered that the last sentence made the other more clear That the Letter being burnt the Peril was ended which the burning of the Letter could make to no purpose to hinder the Peril The King assured him that is was some blowing up of powder and therefore desired that his houses might be surveyed After examination Whâ—ngard keeper of the Parliament House told that he had let the House to Mr. Thomas Perciâ— after some pains taken that same night by the Lord Chamberlain the Lord Knevet Mr. Doublede found the foresaid Faukes with a Dark Lanthorn ready to enter the House but he being apprehended the Blow was prevented where swift fame carrying it down to the Country the principal Plotters knew not where to flee to hide their heads They surprize Warwick Castle where being affrighted with drying of Gun-Powder and other strange Dreams seeing Castles and Towers blown up in the Air they were at last besieged in the Castle of Warwick where Percie and Catesbee were both Shot with one Musquet shot back to back the rest were apprehended and brought to London where after the Confession of all for the most part and penitence and contrition in some craving pardon of his Majestie and Countrie for such an horrible and inhumane Fact Catesbee Grant Winter and Bates were Executed at the West of Pauls as also Winter the two Wrights and Faukes and Ambrose Rockwood at Westminster So here we see the God of light brought the deed of Darkness to light and as they said by their Confession to cast the aspersion and Guilt of the Action upon the Puritanes so the God of Heaven would have it to fall upon the Plotters themselves After this followed the Nuptial of that Noble Lady Lady Elizabeth matched with the Prince Palatine of the Rhyne At which time that Noble Prince Prince Henry a prince so compleat of all Vertues that Europe could not shew his second a Prince so Mars-like and so beloved of all military men and so beloved of them that true Moecenas of Vertue and Learning as appeared by his Valiant his Active and his Princely prise wherein he intituled himself by the Name Moeliades Lord of the Isles challenging the Gentrie of Great Britain which was performed in the Hall of Whitehall by Torch Light the challengers were with him the Duke of Lennox the Earls of Arundal Southampton Pembrâ—ke Sir Thomas Somerset and Sir Richard Preston where before the King the Queen the Peers of the whole Island with the concurrence of all Forraign Ambassadors where he gave testimony of his Activeness Agility and Quickness which cannot be expressed to the Life how every thing was done in the Action and performed and the prises given to the defendants where the challengers and defendants were most Royally Feasted the next day as the prise and reward of their Vertue and Valour given by the Noblest Lady of Britain according to the Tennor of the challenge and was given by Lady Elizabeth his sister viz. 1. Philip Earl of Montgomerie 2. Thomas Dearsie son to the Lord Dearsie 3. Sir Robert Gordon of Lochinvar This Triumph being ended to his no small Honour Much more might be said of this great Prince who was taken away in the prime of his Years to the great grief
befooled by perfidious men which brought a great reproach upon Them and their Posterity Though it be false that they Sold him yet it is a sad truth that His Majesty told them that the English would no longer stand to their Agreement than they thought it for their Interest His Majesty being now in the English's hands they at first carried themselves somewhat respectfully to him but they began soon after to appear like themselves having purged the House of Commons of all such as they thought would oppose them they began to keep His Majesty almost a close prisoner in the Isle of Wight The Scots hearing how the King was thus contrary to the promise and engagement abused by the English sent their Commissioners to London to put the Parliament in mind of the agreement at New-Castle but before they came the Game was altered the Parliament being purged by the Army the barbarous Juncto prove unexorable wherefore the Commissioners return home and acquainted the Nobility how matters stood Whereupon an Army is presently listed under the Duke of Hamilton with which he marches to England but is unfortunately overthrown at Preston most of the Souldiers being killed and himself taken prisoner and brought up to London where not long after he together with the Earl of Holland and Lord Capel were Executed on Tower-hill Within a few days his Majesty is brought from the Isle of Wight to Windsor during his abode there the Officers of the Army and the Members they left in the House proceeded to that height of Insolence as to bring the King to a Tryal Which when it was Voted and passed in the pretended House of Commons they proceeded to make an Act for the Tryal of his Sacred Majesty which they intituled An Act of the Commons of England assembled in Parliament for Erecting of an High Court of Justice for Trying and Judging Charles Stewart King of England This Terrible form of proceeding against his Majesty struck great terrour to the hearts of all sober and good men yea the Presbyterian Ministers who before were against him now declare themselves both in their Pulpits and by earnest Petitions to the Parliament to be zealous abhorrers of the Kings Death and every where make publick Protestations against the Tryal yet nevertheless the Juncto goes on And upon Fryday January the 19 th 1648. his Majesty was brought by a strong Guard of Horse from Windsor to St. James's and from thence to Westminster where he was Tryed and found Guilty contrary to the Laws of God and Man And upon January the 30 th about two a Clock in the Afternoon he submitted his Royal Neck to the Fatal stroak upon a Scaffold Erected between White-Hall Gate and the Gate leading to the Gallery to St. Jameses The 24 th year of his Reign he was Interr'd in St. Georges Chappel at Windsor His sacred Majesty that now Reigns being at this time in France with the Queen Mother is by Unanimous consent of all his Subjects in Scotland proclaimed at Edenburg Charles the Second by the Grace of God King of Scotland England France and Ireland c. and presently after they sent their Commissioners to treat with His Majesty who was then in the Isle of Jerzey After much debating on both sides at last Breda in Holland is agreed upon as a fit place for a solemn Treaty Here the Commissioners from the Church and State met the King and delivered the Propositions During the Treaty the above-mentioned Marquess of Montross was seized in Scotland and Executed which troubled his Majesty so much that it went nigh to break the Treaty but at length through the urgency of Affairs it was concluded And being brought to Edenburgh it was agreed that another Message should be sent to invite the King over to take Possession of the Crown which was his own by an unquestionable Title but the English Parliament replyed If they could hinder it it should not be so Wherefore they prepare an Army to invade Scotland under the command of their General Oliver Cromwell However the Scots no wise daunted at the Storms threatned from England resolved to adhere to his Majesty though upon their own terms The King arriving at the mouth of Spey in the North several Lords were sent to accompany him to Edenburgh but in the mean time Cromwell was advanced as far as Haddington against him Sir David Lâ—sly sent Sir John Brown with a Party of Horse which continued skirmishing for some while but produced no great Effect The next Rencounter was at Dumbar where the Scots had a Bloody Overthrow from Cromwel which did exceedingly strengthen his Interest in Scotland The first work that the Scots went about after this disaster was the Coronation of the King which was done at Scone with as great Solemnity as the state of Affairs could allow The Ceremony being over His Majesty removed to Sterling resolving to debate his right to Cromwell where people of all ranks flocked to him insomuch as in a short time he had an Army of 22000 Men but they dividing amongst themselves gave Cromwel opportunity to pass over forthwith defeating a part of the Kings Army at Innerkething possest himself of the whole Country His Majesty seeing after the defeat that Cromwel was like to Conquer all Scotland makes choyce of his most faithful Friends to venture with him into England where he might with more safety and advantage hazard three Kingdoms than in a Field wherefore with 16000 men he privately marched to England by the way of Carlyle and without any considerable opposition came to Lancashire where at Warrington Bridge some considerable Forces of the Parliament were ready to cut down the Bridg but the Scots were with them so suddenly that they prevented the breaking down of the Bridg forced their way over the Planks Hence his Majesty marched to Worcester in very good order Cromwel hearing of his motions sends Lambâ—rt with a select Party of Horse after him the Parliament also raised numerous Forces in most Countryes in England all which marched to Worcester against the King In the mean time Lambert gained a most Advantagious Pass at Hopâ—on by a desperate attempt having caused some of his Troopers to swim the River on Horseback carrying their Houlsters and Pistols in their hands to save them from wet whereby they put Major General Massey and his men to the retreat So that the Parliamentarians had a fair opportunity to make a Bridge over the River over which Cromwel passed and joyned the rest of the Army which put the King upon a necessity of Fighting the City being attacked on all sides Whereupon his Majesty marched out of the City with horse and foot against them Where followed a most desperate engagement insomuch that his Majesties Horse was twice shot under him every man resolving to dye in the Bed of Honour rather than to have their Prince and Country thus trod upon by the base Usurpers But the Enemy still advancing with
are called Senators of the Colledge of Justice and a President This Court sits from the first of November till the last of March. The Justice Court being the next Supream Court where Criminals are tryed consists of a Lord Justice General and a Lord Justice Clerk who is his Assistant All Tryals for Life are in this Court where every Subject as well Peers as Commoners are tryed Peers by a Jury or Assize of Peers and Commoners by a Jury of Commoners The next Supream Court is the Exchequer which consists of the Lord Treasurer the Lord Treasurers Deputy and some Assistants called the Lords of the Exchequer Here all the Kings Grants Pensions Gifts of Wards and such like are passed SECT IV. Of Sheriff-Courts also an account of the Shires of Scotland with their Sheriffs who are most of them so by Inheritance THere are beside the Supream Courts of the Nation other inferior Courts the most considerable of which is the Sheriffs Courts where Thefts and all lesser Crimes are Judged as also Murthers if the Murtherer be taken in hot blood The Sheriffs in this Nation are most of them so by Inheritance wherefore it may not be impertinent here to give a List of the Shires of Scotland with their Sheriffs Shires of Scotland with their bounds and Sheriffs Shires Sheriffs The Shire of Edinburgh containeth Middle Lothian The Earl of Lauâ—erdale The shire of Berwick containeth Mers Earl of Home The shire of Peeblis containeth Tweddail Earl of Tweddail The shire of Shelkirk containeth the Forrest of Etterick Murray The shire of Roxburgh containeth Tiviotdale Lidisdale Eshdail Eusdail Duke of Buckleugh The shire of Dumfreis containeth Nithisdail and Anandail Marquess of Queensbury The shire of Wigton containeth the West parts of Galloway Sir Patrick Agnew of Lochnaw The shire of Aire containeth Kyle Carrict and Cunninghame Earl of Dumfreis The shire of Renfrew containeth the Barony of Renfrew Earl of Eglington The shire of Lanerick containeth Clidsdail Duke Hamilton The shire of Dumbritton containeth Lenox Duke of Lenox The shire of Bute containeth the Isles of Bute and Arran Sir James Stewart of Bute The shire of Innerara containeth Argile Lorn Kintyre with the most part of the West Isles The shire of Pearth containeth Athol Goury Glenshee Strath-Ardell Broad-Albine Ramach Balhider Glenurqhuay Stormont Menteith and Strath-Yern Marquess of Atholl The shire of Striveling lyeth on both sides the River Forth Earl of Marr. The shire of Linlighgow West Lothian Hope of Hoptoun The shire of Clackmanan containeth a part of Fife lying upon the River Forth towards Striveling Bruce of Clackmanan The shire of Kinross containeth so much of Fife as lyeth between Lochleiven and the Ochell Hills Earl of Morton The shire of Couper containeth the rest of Fife Earl of Rothes The shire of Forfar containeth Angus with its pertinents Earl of Southesk The shire of Kinkardin containeth Mernis Earl of Kincardin The shire of Aberdeen containeth Mar with its pertinents also the most part of Buchan Forumarten and Strathbogie Sir Campbel of Caddel The shire of Bamf containeth a small part of Buchan Strath-Dovern Boyn Enzy Strath-Awin and Balveny Sir James Baird of Auchmedden The shire of Elgine containeth the Eastern part of Murray Robert Dumbar of The shire of Nairn containeth the West part of Murray The shire of Innerness containeth Badenoch Lochabyr and the South part of Ross Earl of Murray The shire of Cromarty containeth a small part of Ross lying on the South side of Cromarty Firth The shire of Tayne containeth the rest of Ross with the Isles of Sky Lemes and Harrigh Earl of Seaforth The shire of Dornoch containeth Southerland Strath-Naver Earl of Southerland The shire of Weik containeth Cathness Earl of Cathness The shire of Orkney containeth all the Isles of Orkney and Schetland The Constabulary of Haddington containeth East Lothian and Lauderdale Earl of Lauderdale Stewartries Stewards The Stewartry of Strathern Earl of Pearth The Stewartry of Monteith Earl of Monteith The Stewartry of Annandate Earl of Annandale The Stewartry of Kirkudbright containeth the East parts of Galloway Earl of Nithisdale Baileries Bailiffs Kyle Carrict E. of Cassiles Cunninghame E. Eglington We should in the next place have spoken somewhat of the Ecclesiastical Government of the Kingdom but it being done already by so many Learned Pens especially Arch-Bishop Spotswood to which we refer the Reader We shall now pass to SECT V. Of the Vniversities of Scotland In Scotland there are four Universities St. Andrews Glasgow Aberdeen Edenburgh Of the Vniversity of St. Andrews This University was founded by Bishop Heawardlaw A. D. 1412 the Arch-Bishops of St. Andrews are perpetually Chancellors thereof the Rector is chosen yearly and hath the same Power with the Vice-chancellor of Oxford and Cambridge There are in this University three Colledges viz. St. Salvator St. Leonards and St. Maryes St. Salvators Colledg was founded by Bishop Kennedy who endued it with very sumptuous and costly Ornaments and provided sufficient maintenance for the masters and professors St. Leonards Colledg was founded by Prior John Hepburn A. D. 1525. Persons endowed are Principal four Professors of Philosophy Eight Poor Schollars St. Maries Colledge was founded by Arch-Bishop Beaton no Science is here taught but Theologie which is done gratis the Schools being open to receive any to be instructed Of the Vniversity of Glasgow This University was founded by King James the second and augmented with ample Priviledges by King James the Sixth King Charles the First did ratify all the old Priviledges and bestowed mony for repairing the Fabrick also King Charles the second by consent of Parliament bestowed a considerable sum of mony uppon it Of the Vniversity of Aberdeen There were in this place an associated company of Students of Divinity and the Canon and City Laws in the times of King Alexander the second but it was by King James the Fourth made an University in A. D. 1494 it was founded with as ample Priviledges as any University in Christendom In it both Philosophy Divinity Physick and Law are very accurately taught The Vniversity of Edenburgh King James the Sixth Anno. Dom. 1580. founded this University upon the supplication of the Magistrates of the City granting them under the great Seal an University with all the priviledges and immunities that any University within the Kingdom could pretend to Persons endowed were a Principal a Professor of Divinity a Professor of Philosophy a Professor of Humanity to which is since added a Professor of Hebrew A Postscript Of the Laws of Scotland for Torturing Criminals and of that Torture in particular called the Boot THe Laws of Scotland according to a late Learned Writer Sir G. Maceâ—zy in his Criminals allow not Tortures but in case of Obstinacy in the criminal where there is great presumption of guilt and therefore it is not allowed to any but to the Councel or Justices to use torture in any case It is a ruled case in Law that Torture being adduced purges all