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A34065 The examiner examined being a vindication of the History of liturgies / by T.C., D.D. Comber, Thomas, 1645-1699. 1691 (1691) Wing C5465; ESTC R23336 57,285 70

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who knew the Essenes better affirms they had Forms of Prayer so that the thing is certainly true and sufficiently proved And Philo adds They were wont every day to pray Morning and Evening De vit contemp pag. 893. which Eusebius leaves out as he also doth many other things about the Essenes in Philo contenting himself to tell us That this Book of Philo's which describes their practices contains all the Rules and Canons of the Church in his time and refers the Reader to the Book it self for fuller satisfaction So that the most he can make of this Objection is That Eusebius doth not expresly mention their Prayers in Forms but he mentions their Hymns in Forms which are so near of kin to Prayers and generally contain Petitions as well as Praises that the one makes it probable both were Forms however Josephus puts it past all doubt and therefore my Point is gained which is That the first we read of who were taken to be Christians had and used Forms both of Prayer and Praise § 2. pag. 14. Clemens Romanus is my next Author who useth the word 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 for an Order or Form of Divine Offices and speaks of a determined Rule of Ministration Mr. S. B. pretends I mistook the sense of this word which he saith signifies a business office or work and in his false and forced Paraphrase of this place applies it to the work of Lay-mens ordinary Calling To confute which designed mistake I shall give this brief account of the Author and submit it to their Judgment who can read the Original There was a Schism at Corinth some of the Pastors despising the People and some of the People intruding into the Pastors Office which gave occasion to this Epistle wherein Clemens adviseth them to leave Divine Administrations to the Clergy and to submit to them as Souldiers to their Captain and the Members to their Head He orders the Inferiors to be submissive and the Superiors not to be proud and then comes in the first place cited 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Let all things be done in Order whatever the Lord hath commanded us to perform and let the Oblations and Liturgies be celebrated at the certain or appointed Times Clemens imitates S. Paul 1 Cor. xiv 40. and speaks of Divine Offices as well as he advising that in them all things should be done in order for these are the things about which our Lord hath given commands and appointed the set-set-times for Oblations that is either the Eucharist in general which is often so called or the Alms then offered up appointed at Corinth on the First day of the Week 1 Cor. xvi 2. and then also they Celebrated Liturgies that is the solemn Offices of Prayer and Praise But Mr. S. B's Paraphrase of this place which he durst not cite at large is this God hath provided for every man an office and work to which he must attend and do every part of his work or Liturgy in the manner God hath prescribed and at the Season he hath appointed c. he leaves the word Oblations wholly out because he could not well wrest that word to his feigned Sense of ordinary business which the whole Period contradicts for where did Christ require Lay-men to do all their business in order Where hath he prescribed the manner and set-time for Lay-mens Work And the next Sentence in Clemens baffles this pretence also for he goes on thus The Lord hath not only determined the seasons for these but also where and by whom they must be performed Is this true of mens ordinary Callings So that they who make their Oblations at the set-time are accepted and blessed and cannot err since they obey God Even as the Chief-Priest had his proper Liturgy appointed the Priests and Levites theirs and the Laity were obliged to Lay-duties 't is not 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 there We see he compares the Order of the Christian Church to that of the Jews where there was a prescribed Rule for the High Priest Priests and Levites to officiate by which he calls a Liturgy as he had named the Rule for Christian Priests performance of Divine Offices before and the comparison shews as well the same word That the Christians were prescribed as well as the Jews as also he supposes Lay-men might not meddle with these Offices now having duties of their own as well as under the Law And from this Order in the Mosaick Oeconomy Clemens infers That the Christian Clergy were every one of them in his proper place to offer up the Eucharist to God keeping a good Conscience and with all gravity keeping close to 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 the determined Rule of his Liturgy Which refers to those various parts of the Offices which were performed some by the Bishop others by the Priests or Deacons and every ones part was allotted by the Liturgy which therefore must at least be as I noted before a fixed Rule or Order for Divine Administrations And if they needed such a prescribed Order then and had one as well as the Sons of Levi in this Inspired Age we need a compleat Liturgy enjoyned now when Inspiration is ceased Clemens goes on to shew what Christ had determined about the place where and the persons by whom Divine Offices were to be performed pag. 95 97. And the whole Discourse shews the shameful prevarication of Mr. S. B. in explaining these passages of all Christian People and 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 of Ordinary work when in one Page viz. pag. 92. it is thrice used For the Rule for celebrating Divine Offices which was fixed and prescribed and that was a good step towards an enjoyned Liturgy invariably to be used if it were not the very thing it self § 3 pag. 15. Pliny relates That the Christians said an Hymn carmen alternately to Christ as God early in the Morning My Examiner saith this only relates to Psalms or Hymns and I would draw in Prayers with them which Pliny speaks not of But he should not have said this till he answered the proof I brought in my 23d Page that Carmen among the Romans signified any solemn Form and is often used for a Prayer and till he had confuted the Observation I made that Pliny doth not express it that they sang but said this Carmen which makes it probable it might be a Prayer and we know the Christians used Prayers as well as Hymns to Christ Moreover Pliny evidently describes all the Service by this word and whatever it notes Prayers or Praises 't is certain they were in Forms because they said them alternately And finally if it do signifie Hymns I gave many Reasons why the Prayers and the Hymns might be alike All which to pag. 25. though fit enough to be examined Mr. S. B. wholly passeth by which is to me a Confession that he could give no reason why this testimony should not be evidence for the use of Forms both in their Prayers and