the_o case_n of_o tenures_n upon_o the_o commission_n of_o defective_a title_n argue_v by_o all_o the_o judge_n of_o ireland_n with_o their_o resolution_n and_o the_o reason_n of_o their_o resolution_n dublin_n imprint_v by_o the_o society_n of_o stationer_n printer_n to_o the_o king_n most_o excellent_a majesty_n 1637._o to_o the_o right_n honourable_a thomas_n viscount_n wentworth_n lord_n deputy_n general_a of_o ireland_n my_o lord_n this_o work_n be_v you_o by_o more_o than_o one_o interest_n and_o therefore_o it_o return_v natural_o unto_o you_o for_o to_o lay_v aside_o my_o particular_a respect_n it_o be_v by_o your_o lordship_n favour_n that_o i_o serve_v his_o majesty_n in_o this_o place_n you_o be_v pater_fw-la patriae_fw-la and_o not_o more_o by_o your_o office_n then_o by_o your_o love_n to_o this_o nation_n and_o your_o most_o equal_a and_o indifferent_a dispensation_n of_o justice_n next_o under_o his_o majesty_n the_o father_n of_o this_o church_n and_o commonwealth_n and_o for_o who_o can_v a_o oblation_n of_o this_o nature_n be_v more_o proper_a beside_o all_o that_o be_v here_o as_o it_o be_v at_o first_o speak_v in_o a_o humble_a obedience_n to_o your_o lordship_n order_n so_o it_o be_v after_o upon_o a_o noble_a invitation_n from_o you_o digest_v into_o this_o form_n and_o it_o be_v now_o make_v public_a by_o your_o commandment_n so_o that_o in_o all_o the_o passage_n of_o it_o it_o carry_v your_o image_n your_o superscription_n and_o therefore_o by_o this_o dedication_n i_o do_v not_o so_o much_o give_v it_o as_o restore_v it_o if_o there_o be_v any_o thing_n in_o it_o that_o be_v i_o that_o answer_v your_o expectation_n even_o in_o that_o that_o it_o answer_v your_o expectation_n i_o have_v my_o reward_n for_o all_o that_o be_v below_o your_o lordship_n i_o hope_v it_o shall_v have_v this_o use_n it_o shall_v satisfy_v they_o that_o your_o lo_o proceed_n in_o this_o business_n have_v be_v in_o all_o point_v agreeable_a both_o to_o honour_n and_o justice_n god_n lead_v your_o lordship_n by_o the_o hand_n until_o you_o have_v finish_v those_o great_a and_o heroical_a work_n so_o happy_o begin_v may_v they_o all_o prosper_v to_o the_o high_a pleasure_n of_o almighty_a god_n the_o increase_n of_o honour_n and_o revenue_n to_o his_o majesty_n of_o peace_n and_o prosperity_n to_o this_o kingdom_n and_o to_o your_o own_o immortal_a glory_n your_o lordship_n most_o humble_a servant_n james_n barry_n the_o case_n of_o tenor_n upon_o the_o commission_n of_o defective_a title_n trin._n 13._o caroli_n regis_fw-la at_o the_o late_a enquiry_n concern_v his_o majesty_n title_n to_o the_o county_n of_o mayo_n there_o be_v a_o act_n of_o state_n publish_v wherein_o it_o be_v declare_v that_o it_o be_v not_o his_o majesty_n intention_n to_o take_v from_o his_o people_n any_o thing_n that_o be_v just_o they_o and_o that_o therefore_o none_o who_o hold_v any_o land_n or_o other_o hereditament_n whatsoever_o within_o that_o county_n by_o letters-patent_n from_o the_o crown_n shall_v be_v any_o way_n prejudice_v by_o find_v his_o majesty_n title_n although_o their_o letters-patent_n be_v not_o find_v or_o well_o and_o certain_o find_v in_o the_o great_a office_n then_o intend_v to_o be_v take_v but_o that_o they_o shall_v have_v the_o same_o benefit_n of_o they_o as_o if_o they_o have_v be_v special_o find_v so_o as_o they_o do_v produce_v their_o letters-patent_n or_o the_o enrollment_n thereof_o before_o the_o lord_n deputy_n and_o council_n at_o the_o council_n board_n by_o a_o certain_a day_n limit_v in_o the_o act_n and_o that_o they_o be_v allow_v by_o that_o board_n to_o be_v good_a and_o effectual_a in_o law_n in_o pursuance_n of_o that_o act_n there_o be_v several_a letters-patent_n produce_v and_o among_o the_o rest_n the_o lord_z viscount_n dillon_n do_v show_v forth_o letters-patent_n obtain_v from_o his_o late_a majesty_n and_o pass_v upon_o the_o late_a commission_n of_o defective_a title_n upon_o perusal_n and_o consideration_n whereof_o his_o majesty_n council_n be_v of_o opinion_n that_o they_o be_v void_a in_o law_n and_o therefore_o it_o be_v think_v fit_a and_o so_o order_v by_o the_o lord_n deputy_n and_o council_n that_o the_o doubt_n arise_v upon_o the_o letters-patent_n shall_v be_v draw_v up_o into_o a_o case_n and_o that_o that_o case_n shall_v be_v open_o argue_v at_o the_o council_n board_n by_o council_n learn_v on_o both_o side_n the_o case_n be_v after_o draw_v up_o in_o these_o word_n king_n james_n by_o commission_n under_o the_o great_a seal_n date_v the_o second_o day_n of_o march_n in_o the_o four_o year_n of_o his_o reign_n do_v authorise_v certain_a commissioner_n to_o grant_v the_o manor_n of_o dale_n by_o letter_n patent_n under_o the_o great_a seal_n of_o this_o kingdom_n to_o a._n and_o his_o heir_n and_o there_o be_v no_o direction_n give_v in_o the_o say_a commission_n touch_v the_o tenure_n to_o be_v reserve_v there_o be_v letters-patent_n by_o colour_n of_o the_o say_a commission_n pass_v unto_o a._n and_o his_o heir_n to_o hold_v by_o knight_n service_n as_o of_o his_o majesty_n castle_n of_o dublin_n the_o question_n be_v whither_o the_o say_v letter_n patent_n be_v void_a in_o the_o whole_a or_o only_o as_o to_o the_o tenure_n this_o case_n be_v argue_v on_o several_a day_n first_o by_o nicholas_n plunket_n for_o the_o lord_n dillon_n and_o sergeant_n catlin_n for_o the_o king_n and_o after_o by_o john_n pollexfen_n for_o the_o lord_n dillon_n and_o osbaldeston_n attorney_n general_a for_o the_o king_n and_o because_o it_o be_v a_o case_n of_o great_a weight_n and_o importance_n it_o be_v deliver_v unto_o the_o judge_n and_o they_o be_v require_v by_o the_o lord_n deputy_n and_o council_n to_o confer_v and_o consider_v of_o it_o and_o to_o return_v unto_o they_o their_o resolution_n concern_v it_o but_o they_o upon_o private_a conference_n among_o themselves_o do_v not_o agree_v in_o opinion_n and_o therefore_o it_o be_v think_v necessary_a for_o public_a satisfaction_n that_o it_o shall_v be_v argue_v solemn_o by_o they_o all_o and_o thereupon_o in_o trinity_n term_v last_o the_o case_n be_v argue_v by_o ryves_n puisne_n judge_n of_o his_o majesty_n court_n of_o chief_a place_n barry_n second_o baron_n of_o the_o exchequer_n and_o cressy_a one_o of_o the_o judge_n of_o the_o court_n of_o chief_a place_n and_o after_o on_o another_o day_n appoint_v for_o the_o case_n by_o mayart_n one_o of_o the_o judge_n of_o the_o common_a plea_n bolton_n chief_a baron_n lowther_n chief_a justice_n of_o the_o common_a plea_n and_o shur_o chief_a justice_n of_o the_o court_n of_o chief_a place_n and_o for_o that_o i_o intend_v to_o make_v as_o summary_n a_o report_n as_o i_o can_v i_o will_v first_o set_v down_o such_o argument_n and_o objection_n as_o be_v make_v by_o they_o that_o argue_v for_o the_o maintenance_n of_o the_o letter_n patent_n it_o be_v object_v by_o they_o that_o the_o letter_n patent_n be_v good_a for_o the_o land_n and_o void_a only_o as_o to_o the_o tenure_n for_o divers_a reason_n 1._o regular_o where_o a_o man_n do_v less_o than_o the_o authority_n or_o commandment_n commit_v unto_o he_o there_o the_o commandment_n or_o authority_n be_v not_o pursue_v the_o act_n be_v void_a but_o where_o a_o man_n do_v that_o which_o he_o be_v authorise_v to_o do_v and_o more_o there_o it_o be_v good_a for_o that_o which_o be_v warrant_v and_o void_a for_o the_o rest_n coke_n instit_fw-la sect_n 434._o perk._n 189._o vid._n 8_o coke_n 85._o but_o in_o the_o case_n in_o question_n the_o commissioner_n do_v that_o which_o they_o have_v authority_n to_o do_v and_o they_o do_v more_o therefore_o for_o that_o which_o they_o have_v authority_n to_o do_v that_o be_v to_o grant_v the_o land_n the_o letter_n patent_n be_v good_a for_o that_o which_o they_o do_v more_o that_o be_v the_o reserve_n of_o a_o tenure_n they_o be_v void_a their_o authority_n be_v to_o grant_v the_o manor_n of_o dale_n to_o a._n and_o his_o heir_n that_o they_o have_v full_o do_v and_o if_o they_o have_v stay_v there_o no_o man_n will_v deny_v but_o they_o have_v well_o execute_v their_o authority_n but_o they_o go_v further_o and_o do_v more_o and_o reserve_v a_o tenure_n therefore_o for_o that_o more_o for_o that_o reservation_n their_o act_n be_v only_o void_a 2._o where_o a_o man_n have_v authority_n to_o do_v a_o act_n and_o he_o do_v it_o in_o substance_n though_o he_o differ_v in_o the_o manner_n yet_o the_o authority_n be_v well_o execute_v as_o if_o a_o man_n make_v a_o deed_n of_o feoffment_n of_o blacke-acre_n and_o whit-acre_n and_o a_o letter_n of_o attorney_n to_o enter_v into_o both_o acre_n and_o to_o deliver_v seisin_n of_o both_o of_o they_o according_a to_o the_o form_n and_o effect_n of_o the_o deed_n and_o he_o enter_v into_o blacke
ultima_fw-la intentio_fw-la regis_fw-la but_o tota_fw-la &_o sola_fw-la prima_fw-la &_o ultima_fw-la intentio_fw-la regis_fw-la be_v all_o to_o be_v take_v and_o gather_v out_o of_o the_o commission_n or_o warrant_v from_o the_o king_n under_o the_o privy_a signet_n upon_o which_o they_o be_v pass_v and_o here_o the_o judge_n be_v to_o ground_v their_o judgement_n upon_o the_o commission_n or_o warrant_v aswell_o as_o upon_o the_o letter_n patent_n and_o to_o these_o seven_o argument_n or_o reason_n all_o that_o be_v speak_v by_o they_o that_o argue_v for_o the_o letter_n patent_n may_v be_v reduce_v but_o it_o be_v resolve_v by_o the_o two_o chief_a justice_n the_o chief_a baron_n baron_fw-fr barry_n and_o justice_n ryves_n with_o who_o baron_n lowther_n agree_v in_o opinion_n though_o he_o can_v not_o then_o argue_v by_o reason_n of_o sickness_n that_o the_o letter_n patent_n be_v void_a in_o law_n both_o to_o the_o land_n and_o to_o the_o tenure_n in_o this_o case_n five_o thing_n do_v fall_v into_o consideration_n 1._o the_o commission_n mention_v in_o the_o case_n and_o the_o authority_n of_o it_o 2._o authority_n and_o their_o several_a sort_n and_o how_o they_o ought_v to_o be_v pursue_v 3._o the_o authority_n in_o this_o case_n what_o it_o be_v if_o it_o be_v pursue_v as_o it_o ought_v to_o be_v wherein_o it_o be_v not_o pursue_v 4._o tenor_n what_o they_o be_v in_o the_o grant_n that_o the_o reservation_n of_o a_o tenure_n be_v modus_fw-la concessionis_fw-la that_o it_o be_v not_o aliud_fw-la or_o a_o distinct_a thing_n from_o the_o grant_n that_o tenor_n have_v their_o original_n in_o england_n before_o the_o norman_a conquest_n 5._o the_o reason_n why_o the_o letter_n patent_n be_v void_a in_o the_o whole_a and_o the_o authority_n upon_o which_o the_o resolution_n be_v ground_v 1._o the_o commission_n mention_v in_o the_o case_n be_v the_o commission_n that_o be_v in_o force_n in_o the_o time_n of_o his_o late_a majesty_n for_o the_o strengthen_n of_o defective_a title_n a_o commission_n that_o be_v one_o of_o the_o great_a grace_n and_o bounty_n that_o ever_o before_o that_o time_n be_v vouchsafe_v by_o the_o king_n of_o england_n to_o their_o subject_n of_o this_o kingdom_n a_o commission_n that_o be_v agree_v by_o all_o to_o be_v a_o good_a and_o legal_a and_o effectual_a commission_n and_o to_o contain_v in_o itself_o full_a power_n and_o authority_n to_o grant_v of_o which_o the_o chief_a justice_n of_o the_o common_a plea_n in_o his_o argument_n fay_v that_o upon_o this_o occasion_n he_o do_v serious_o peruse_v it_o and_o in_o his_o judgement_n it_o be_v as_o full_a and_o strong_a a_o commission_n for_o grant_v the_o land_n concurrentibus_fw-la hijs_fw-la quae_fw-la de_fw-la jure_fw-la requiruntur_fw-la as_o any_o he_o have_v see_v there_o be_v in_o the_o commission_n as_o he_o say_v plenitudo_fw-la potestatis_fw-la there_o be_v not_o any_o question_n of_o the_o commission_n nor_o of_o the_o power_n grant_v by_o the_o commission_n neither_o as_o it_o be_v declare_v be_v it_o the_o intention_n of_o his_o majesty_n to_o deny_v unto_o the_o subject_a the_o full_a benefit_n of_o it_o in_o all_o thing_n wherein_o the_o commissioner_n have_v pursue_v their_o authority_n give_v by_o the_o commission_n and_o proceed_v according_a to_o the_o law_n for_o that_o that_o there_o be_v no_o direction_n in_o the_o commission_n for_o the_o tenure_n it_o be_v no_o defect_n in_o the_o commission_n as_o the_o chief_a baron_n observe_v nor_o any_o omission_n or_o negligence_n in_o they_o that_o be_v trust_v with_o the_o draw_n of_o it_o it_o be_v do_v upon_o good_a advice_n &_o of_o purpose_n for_o the_o case_n of_o they_o that_o be_v to_o pass_v upon_o that_o commission_n be_v so_o different_a and_o there_o be_v such_o variety_n of_o tenor_n that_o it_o be_v not_o possible_a to_o give_v any_o certain_a direction_n in_o the_o commission_n concern_v they_o beside_o the_o intention_n of_o that_o commission_n be_v not_o to_o give_v authority_n for_o the_o alteration_n or_o diminution_n of_o the_o king_n tenor_n it_o be_v intend_v only_o for_o the_o establish_n of_o the_o estate_n and_o possession_n of_o the_o subject_a and_o therefore_o there_o be_v not_o a_o word_n in_o it_o of_o any_o tenure_n so_o that_o the_o purpose_n of_o it_o be_v where_o any_o former_a tenure_n be_v in_o esse_fw-la to_o preserve_v it_o and_o where_o no_o tenure_n be_v in_o esse_fw-la to_o leave_v it_o to_o the_o reservation_n of_o the_o law_n so_o that_o now_o the_o commission_n be_v clear_v &_o agree_v to_o be_v good_a and_o legal_a and_o to_o contain_v full_a power_n and_o ample_a authority_n to_o grant_v the_o land_n the_o sole_a question_n will_v be_v of_o the_o pursuance_n of_o the_o commission_n and_o whither_o this_o power_n grant_v by_o the_o commission_n be_v well_o execute_v and_o pursue_v by_o the_o commissioner_n 2._o to_o find_v out_o the_o law_n in_o this_o case_n the_o several_a sort_n of_o authority_n in_o our_o book_n be_v consider_v and_o how_o they_o ought_v to_o be_v pursue_v for_o authority_n these_o difference_n be_v agree_v for_o law._n all_o authority_n be_v either_o authority_n in_o law_n or_o authority_n in_o fait_fw-fr 8._o coke_n 146._o the_o 6._o carpenter_n case_n authority_n in_o law_n be_v where_o the_o law_n give_v authority_n without_o any_o authority_n from_o the_o party_n as_o the_o la_o give_v authority_n to_o the_o lord_n to_o distrain_v for_o his_o rent_n and_o service_n to_o the_o owner_n of_o the_o soil_n to_o distrain_v damage_n feasant_a to_o he_o in_o the_o reversion_n to_o enter_v and_o see_v if_o be_v be_v do_v and_o the_o like_a a_o authority_n in_o fait_fw-fr be_v where_o the_o authority_n be_v give_v by_o the_o party_n authority_n in_o fait_fw-fr be_v either_o nude_v and_o bare_a authority_n or_o authority_n clothe_v with_o a_o interest_n coke_n instit_fw-la 52._o nude_v authority_n be_v give_v either_o by_o 1._o deed_n 2._o commission_n 3._o patent_n 4._o write_v 5._o or_o act_n of_o parliament_n and_o for_o all_o those_o authority_n it_o be_v a_o certain_a rule_n and_o ground_n in_o our_o law_n that_o they_o be_v to_o be_v pursue_v strict_o and_o precise_o both_o for_o matter_n and_o form_n or_o otherwise_o the_o act_n do_v by_o colour_n of_o that_o authority_n be_v void_a 10._o h._n 7._o 15._o but_o the_o execution_n of_o authority_n that_o be_v clothe_v with_o a_o interest_n be_v of_o a_o more_o large_a and_o favourable_a interpretation_n than_o the_o execution_n of_o those_o that_o be_v but_o bare_a authority_n 5._o coke_n 94._o &_o 95._o in_o barwickes_n case_n 1._o that_o authority_n by_o deed_n be_v to_o be_v pursue_v strict_o and_o precise_o both_o for_o matter_n and_o manner_n see_v the_o case_n of_o 12._o ass_n 24._o 26._o ass_n 39_o there_o the_o case_n be_v that_o the_o plaintiff_n do_v make_v a_o charter_n of_o fee-simple_n to_o the_o tenant_n and_o a_o letter_n of_o attorney_n to_o deliver_v livery_n of_o seisin_n the_o attorney_n deliver_v livery_n upon_o condition_n this_o livery_n be_v void_a for_o the_o authority_n be_v not_o pursue_v in_o the_o manner_n so_o on_o the_o contrary_a if_o the_o letter_n of_o attorney_n have_v be_v to_o deliver_v livery_n of_o seisin_n upon_o condition_n and_o the_o attorney_n make_v livery_n without_o condition_n this_o be_v void_a coke_n instit_fw-la 258._o 11._o h._n 4._o 3._o a_o letter_n of_o attorney_n be_v make_v to_o make_v livery_n after_o the_o death_n of_o i.s._n and_o the_o attorney_n make_v livery_n during_o the_o life_n of_o i.s._n all_o be_v void_a 40._o ass_n 38._o if_o i_o command_v a_o man_n to_o make_v a_o deed_n of_o feoffment_n in_o my_o name_n according_a to_o a_o copy_n show_v unto_o he_o in_o latin_a if_o he_o make_v a_o deed_n of_o feoffment_n according_a to_o the_o effect_n of_o the_o same_o word_n in_o english_a or_o french_a the_o feoffment_n be_v without_o warrant_n for_o in_o that_o case_n he_o do_v not_o pursue_v the_o authority_n in_o the_o manner_n 10._o henr._n 7._o 9_o so_o where_o a_o authority_n be_v give_v to_o enfeoffe_v and_o he_o leavye_n a_o fine_a ibid._n &_o 10._o henr._n 7._o 15._o 2._o for_o authority_n by_o commission_n that_o they_o must_v be_v pursue_v it_o be_v the_o earl_n of_o leicester_n case_n in_o plough_v com._n 380._o the_o earl_n of_o leicester_n 1._o mar._n be_v indict_v of_o high_a treason_n before_o sir_n richard_n sowthwell_n &_o seven_o other_o commissioner_n by_o virtue_n of_o a_o commission_n direct_v to_o the_o say_a sir_n richard_n and_o fourteen_o more_o after_o another_o commission_n be_v direct_v to_o sir_n thomas_n white_a and_o other_o recite_v that_o where_o the_o earl_n of_o leicester_n stand_v indict_v before_o sir_n richard_n sowthwell_n and_o fourteen_o other_o commissioner_n of_o divers_a treason_n etc._n etc._n it_o give_v they_o authority_n
first_o extract_v out_o of_o the_o land_n when_o it_o come_v to_o the_o land_n again_o it_o be_v natural_o extinct_a for_o it_o be_v revolutio_fw-la ad_fw-la materiam_fw-la primam_fw-la 2._o he_o that_o have_v all_o the_o profit_n entire_o can_v be_v say_v to_o have_v part_n of_o the_o profit_n sir_n i._o davys_n rep_v 5._o the_o escheat_n which_o be_v the_o last_o resort_n of_o the_o tenure_n be_v the_o land_n itself_o and_o therefore_o the_o reservation_n of_o the_o tenure_n can_v be_v say_v to_o be_v a_o distinct_a thing_n from_o the_o grant_n of_o the_o land_n as_o black-acre_n from_o whiteacre_n obj._n it_o be_v object_v that_o tenor_n in_o capite_fw-la be_v bring_v in_o by_o the_o conquest_n but_o grant_n be_v by_o the_o common_a la_o then_o if_o grant_n have_v be_v ancient_a than_o tenor_n the_o tenure_n of_o necessity_n must_v be_v aliud_fw-la from_o the_o thing_n grant_v to_o prove_v that_o this_o tenure_n be_v bring_v in_o by_o the_o norman_a conquest_n selden_n be_v cite_v in_o his_o spicileg_n to_o eadmer_n p._n 194._o where_o he_o have_v that_o out_o of_o bracton_n de_fw-fr acquir_n rerum_fw-la domin_v lib._n 2._o forinsecum_fw-la servitium_fw-la dicitur_fw-la regale_n servitium_fw-la quia_fw-la spectat_fw-la ad_fw-la dominum_fw-la regem_fw-la &_o non_fw-la ad_fw-la alium_fw-la &_o secundum_fw-la quod_fw-la in_o conquestu_fw-la fuit_fw-la adinventum_fw-la resp_n resp_n it_o be_v answer_v that_o m._n selden_n in_o that_o place_n do_v bare_o recite_v the_o word_n of_o bracton_n not_o deliver_v any_o opinion_n of_o his_o own_o for_o in_o that_o book_n cite_v pag._n 170._o and_o in_o his_o title_n of_o honour_n the_o last_o edition_n pag_n 612._o we_o find_v that_o he_o be_v of_o another_o opinion_n and_o that_o this_o tenure_n be_v in_o use_n in_o england_n in_o the_o time_n of_o the_o saxon_n what_o be_v those_o thani_fw-la majores_fw-la or_o thani_fw-la regis_fw-la among_o the_o saxon_n but_o the_o king_n immediate_a tenant_n of_o land_n which_o they_o hold_v by_o personal_a service_n as_o of_o the_o king_n person_n by_o grand_a serjeanty_n or_o knight_n service_n in_o capite_fw-la the_o land_n so_o hold_v be_v in_o those_o time_n call_v thainland_n as_o land_n hold_v in_o socage_n be_v call_v reveland_n so_o frequent_o in_o doomsday_n haec_fw-la terra_fw-la fuit_fw-la terra_fw-la regis_fw-la edwardi_fw-la thainland_n sed_fw-la postea_fw-la conversa_fw-la est_fw-la in_o reveland_n coke_n instit_fw-la sect_n 117._o after_o some_o year_n that_o follow_v the_o come_n of_o the_o norman_n the_o title_n of_o thane_n grow_v out_o of_o use_n and_o that_o of_o baron_n and_o barony_n succeed_v for_o thane_n and_o thainland_n whereby_o we_o may_v understand_v the_o true_a and_o original_a reason_n of_o that_o which_o we_o have_v in_o the_o lord_n cromwel_n case_n 2._o coke_n 81._o that_o every_o barony_n of_o ancient_a time_n be_v hold_v by_o grand_a serjeanty_n by_o that_o tenure_n be_v the_o thain-land_n hold_v in_o the_o time_n of_o the_o saxon_n and_o those_o thain_n land_n be_v the_o same_o that_o be_v after_o call_v barony_n it_o be_v true_a the_o possession_n of_o bishop_n and_o abbot_n be_v first_o make_v subject_n to_o knight_n service_n in_o capite_fw-la by_o william_n the_o conqueror_n in_o the_o four_o year_n of_o his_o reign_n for_o their_o land_n be_v hold_v in_o the_o time_n of_o the_o saxon_n in_o pura_fw-la &_o perpetua_fw-la eleemosyna_fw-la free_a ab_fw-la omni_fw-la servitio_fw-la saeculari_fw-la but_o he_o than_o turn_v their_o possession_n into_o barony_n and_o so_o make_v they_o baron_n of_o the_o kingdom_n by_o tenure_n so_o that_o as_o to_o they_o this_o tenure_n and_o service_n may_v be_v say_v to_o be_v in_o conquestu_fw-la adinventum_fw-la but_o the_o thain-land_n be_v hold_v by_o that_o tenure_n before_o as_o the_o king_n thane_n be_v a_o tenant_n in_o capite_fw-la so_o the_o thanus_n mediocris_fw-la or_o middle_a thane_n be_v only_o a_o tenant_n by_o knight_n service_n that_o either_o hold_v of_o a_o mean_a lord_n and_o not_o immediate_o of_o the_o king_n or_o at_o least_o of_o the_o king_n as_o of_o a_o honour_n or_o manor_n and_o not_o in_o capite_fw-la what_o be_v that_o trinoda_n necessitas_fw-la which_o so_o often_o occur_v in_o the_o grant_v of_o the_o saxon_a king_n under_o this_o form_n exceptis_fw-la istis_fw-la tribus_fw-la expeditione_n arcis_fw-la &_o pontis_fw-la exstructione_fw-la see_v it_o in_o a_o charter_n of_o king_n etheldred_n in_o the_o preface_n to_o coke_n 6._o report_n etc._n etc._n but_o that_o which_o be_v after_o express_v by_o salvo_n forinseco_fw-la servitio_fw-la bracton_n lib._n 2._o cap._n 26._o &_o 35._o 12._o ed._n 1._o gard._n 152._o 26._o ass_n 66._o selden_n analect_n anglobrit_fw-mi 78._o and_o therefore_o it_o be_v say_v that_o sir_n henry_n spelman_n be_v mistake_v who_o in_o his_o glossary_a verbo_fw-la feudum_fw-la refer_v the_o original_n of_o feud_n in_o england_n to_o the_o norman_a conquest_n it_o be_v most_o manifest_a that_o capite_fw-la tenor_n tenor_n by_o knight_n service_n tenor_n in_o socage_n frankalmoigne_n etc._n etc._n be_v frequent_a in_o the_o time_n of_o the_o saxon_n and_o if_o we_o will_v believe_v what_o be_v cite_v out_o of_o a_o old_a french_a customary_a in_o a_o mss_n treatise_n of_o the_o antiquity_n of_o tenor_n in_o england_n which_o be_v in_o many_o man_n hand_n all_o those_o tenor_n be_v in_o use_n long_o before_o the_o saxon_n even_o in_o the_o time_n of_o the_o britain_n there_o it_o be_v say_v the_o first_o british_a king_n divide_v britain_n into_o four_o part_n and_o give_v one_o part_n to_o the_o arch-flamines_a to_o pray_v for_o he_o and_o his_o posterity_n a_o second_o part_n he_o give_v to_o his_o earl_n and_o nobility_n to_o do_v he_o knight_n service_n a_o three_o he_o divide_v among_o husbandman_n to_o hold_v of_o he_o in_o socage_n the_o four_o part_n he_o give_v to_o mechanical_a person_n to_o hold_v in_o burgage_n but_o that_o testimony_n be_v waive_v there_o be_v little_a certainty_n or_o truth_n in_o the_o british_a story_n before_o the_o time_n of_o caesar_n neither_o will_v they_o make_v use_n of_o that_o which_o we_o be_v teach_v by_o william_n roville_n of_o alenzon_n in_o his_o preface_n to_o the_o grand_a customier_n of_o normandy_n that_o all_o those_o custom_n among_o which_o these_o tenor_n be_v be_v first_o bring_v into_o normandy_n out_o of_o england_n by_o edward_n the_o confessor_n beside_o that_o which_o have_v be_v say_v we_o find_v feud_n both_o the_o name_n and_o thing_n in_o the_o law_n of_o those_o time_n among_o the_o law_n of_o edward_n the_o confessor_n cap._n 35._o where_o it_o be_v thus_o provide_v debent_fw-la enim_fw-la universi_fw-la liberi_fw-la homines_fw-la etc._n etc._n secundum_fw-la feodum_fw-la suum_fw-la &_o secundum_fw-la tenementa_fw-la sva_fw-la arma_fw-la habere_fw-la &_o illa_fw-la semper_fw-la prompta_fw-la conservare_fw-la ad_fw-la tuitionem_fw-la regni_fw-la &_o servitium_fw-la dominorum_fw-la suorum_fw-la etc._n etc._n lambard_n archaionom_fw-la 135._o this_o law_n be_v after_o confirm_v by_o william_n the_o conqueror_n vid._n coke_n instit_fw-la sect_n 103._o as_o these_o tenor_n be_v common_a in_o those_o time_n so_o be_v all_o the_o fruit_n of_o they_o homage_n fealty_n escuage_z relief_n wardship_n for_o relief_n we_o have_v full_a testimony_n in_o the_o relief_n of_o their_o earl_n and_o thanes_z for_o which_o see_v the_o law_n of_o king_n canutus_n cap._n 68_o &_o 69._o the_o law_n of_o edward_n the_o confessor_n cap._n de_fw-fr heterochijs_fw-la and_o what_o out_o of_o the_o book_n of_o doomsday_n coke_n have_v in_o his_o instit_fw-la sect_n 103._o camden_n in_o berkshire_n selden_n in_o eadmer_n 154._o that_o wardship_n be_v then_o in_o use_n and_o not_o bring_v in_o by_o the_o norman_n as_o camden_n in_o his_o britt_n 179._o nor_o by_o hen._n 3._o as_o randolph_n higden_n in_o his_o polichronicon_n and_o other_o not_o understand_v he_o will_v persuade_v vid._n seldens_n note_n on_o fortescue_n 51._o among_o the_o privilege_n grant_v by_o edward_n the_o confessor_n to_o the_o cinque-port_n we_o meet_v with_o this_o that_o their_o heir_n shall_v not_o be_v in_o ward_n lambards_n perambulation_n of_o kent_n 101._o and_o in_o the_o custom_n of_o kent_n which_o be_v in_o the_o magna_fw-la charta_fw-la of_o tottells_n edition_n and_o in_o lambards_n perambulac_n there_o be_v a_o rule_n for_o the_o wardship_n of_o the_o heir_n in_o gavell-kind_n and_o that_o he_o shall_v not_o be_v marry_v by_o the_o lord_n and_o those_o custom_n say_v of_o themselves_o that_o they_o be_v devant_fw-fr le_fw-fr conquest_n een_fw-mi le_fw-fr conquest_n for_o the_o antiquity_n of_o wardship_n in_o england_n and_o scotland_n see_v also_o hect._n boet._n lib._n 11._o buchanan_n rerum_fw-la scot._n lib._n 6._o and_o the_o law_n of_o malcolme_n 2._o which_o prove_v the_o antiquity_n of_o wardship_n in_o scotland_n and_o therefore_o in_o england_n before_o the_o norman_a conquest_n for_o in_o those_o
upon_o the_o same_o reason_n it_o be_v adjudge_v in_o b._n r._n between_o one_o hag_n and_o cross_n 33_o et_fw-la 34._o eliz._n which_o you_o may_v see_v in_o buckler_n case_n 2._o coke_n 55._o where_o the_o case_n be_v tenant_n for_o life_n make_v a_o lease_n for_o year_n and_o after_o grant_v the_o reversion_n to_o a._n habendum_fw-la from_o a_o day_n to_o come_v for_o life_n after_o the_o day_n the_o lessee_n for_o year_n attorn_n in_o that_o case_n the_o habendum_fw-la be_v void_a yet_o that_o void_a habendum_fw-la make_v void_a the_o whole_a grant_n and_o exclude_v the_o implication_n of_o law_n in_o the_o premise_n and_o no_o estate_n shall_v pass_v by_o implication_n of_o law_n in_o the_o premise_n against_o the_o express_a limitation_n of_o the_o party_n in_o the_o habendum_fw-la see_v the_o case_n cite_v before_o p._n 26._o so_o our_o tenendum_fw-la although_o it_o be_v void_a yet_o the_o express_a reservation_n in_o the_o tenendum_fw-la shall_v exclude_v the_o implication_n of_o law._n for_o that_o opinion_n of_o martin_n in_o 4._o h._n 6._o 22._o that_o be_v cite_v on_o the_o other_o part_n that_o if_o land_n be_v give_v in_o frankmarriage_n reserve_v a_o rent_n the_o reservation_n of_o the_o rent_n be_v void_a by_o reason_n of_o the_o employ_v tenure_n in_o frankmarriage_n that_o opinion_n as_o be_v say_v may_v well_o be_v doubt_v of_o for_o we_o find_v as_o good_a authority_n against_o it_o in_o the_o old_a tenor_n fol._n 211_o that_o the_o reservation_n of_o the_o rent_n be_v good_a and_o destroy_v the_o frankmariage_n and_o make_v it_o a_o common_a estate_n tail_n but_o the_o best_a opinion_n be_v that_o both_o of_o they_o shall_v stand_v together_o s._n the_o gift_n in_o frankmarriage_n and_o also_o the_o reservation_n of_o the_o rent_n s._n that_o the_o donce_n in_o frankmarriage_n shall_v hold_v quit_v of_o the_o rent_n until_o the_o four_o degree_n be_v past_a and_o then_o the_o rent_n shall_v take_v effect_n and_o so_o be_v the_o opinion_n of_o the_o judge_n in_o webb_n and_o potter_n case_n in_o 24._o eliz._n and_o so_o be_v the_o book_n to_o be_v understand_v 13._o e._n 1._o formedon_n 63._o 31._o e._n 1._o tail_n 31._o 26._o e._n 3._o grant_n 75._o et_fw-la 26._o ass_n 66._o for_o the_o case_n of_o littleton_n 140._o a_o man_n seize_v of_o certain_a tenement_n which_o he_o hold_v of_o his_o lord_n by_o knight_n service_n at_o this_o day_n grant_v by_o licence_n the_o same_o tenement_n to_o a_o abbot_n in_o frankalmoigne_n the_o abbot_n shall_v hold_v immediate_o by_o knight_n service_n of_o the_o same_o lord_n of_o who_o his_o grantor_n hold_v and_o shall_v not_o hold_v of_o his_o grantor_n in_o frankalmoigne_n in_o that_o case_n they_o say_v the_o express_a tenure_n be_v void_a a_o tenure_n by_o implication_n of_o law_n do_v arise_v it_o be_v answer_v there_o be_v a_o difference_n between_o the_o king_n case_n which_o it_o the_o case_n in_o question_n and_o the_o case_n of_o a_o common_a person_n for_o the_o grant_v of_o a_o common_a person_n the_o rule_n of_o law_n be_v that_o the_o grant_n shall_v be_v take_v most_o strong_o against_o the_o grantor_n for_o the_o king_n grant_v the_o rule_n be_v that_o they_o shall_v be_v take_v most_o beneficial_o for_o the_o king_n and_o most_o strong_a against_o the_o patentee_n and_o we_o have_v another_o rule_n that_o the_o grant_v of_o the_o king_n shall_v not_o be_v extend_v to_o pass_v any_o thing_n contrary_a to_o the_o intent_n of_o the_o king_n express_v in_o his_o grant_n and_o if_o the_o grant_n can_v take_v effect_n according_a to_o his_o intent_n express_v in_o his_o grant_n the_o grant_n be_v void_a and_o therefore_o for_o the_o rule_v put_v by_o they_o that_o argue_v on_o the_o other_o side_n that_o the_o patent_n of_o the_o king_n shall_v be_v take_v in_o such_o sense_n and_o to_o such_o intent_n that_o they_o shall_v be_v good_a etc._n etc._n it_o may_v be_v answer_v that_o there_o be_v another_o ground_n in_o our_o law_n that_o when_o the_o king_n be_v deceive_v in_o his_o grant_n so_o that_o it_o can_v take_v effect_n according_a to_o his_o intent_n express_v in_o his_o grant_n the_o grant_n be_v void_a so_o the_o best_a a_o exposition_n be_v to_o make_v all_o these_o rule_n to_o agree_v together_o and_o therefore_o the_o rule_v put_v on_o the_o other_o side_n be_v true_a with_o this_o limitation_n s._n except_o the_o king_n be_v deceive_v so_o that_o his_o grant_n can_v take_v such_o effect_n as_o he_o intend_v by_o his_o express_a grant_n in_o the_o lord_n lovell_n case_n 18._o h._n 8._o b._n pat._n 104._o the_o king_n excerta_fw-la scientia_fw-la et_fw-la mero_fw-la motu_fw-la grant_v land_n to_o one_o and_o to_o his_o heir_n male_n if_o a_o common_a person_n have_v make_v such_o a_o grant_n the_o law_n will_v say_v that_o the_o word_n male_n be_v void_a and_o the_o fee_n simple_a shall_v pass_v but_o will_v the_o law_n make_v such_o a_o construction_n in_o the_o king_n grant_n no_o there_o the_o grant_n shall_v be_v void_a for_o he_o be_v deceive_v in_o his_o grant_n in_o that_o it_o can_v take_v effect_n according_a to_o his_o intent_n express_v in_o his_o letter_n patent_n and_o so_o in_o the_o case_n of_o 7._o h._n 4._o 42._o &_o 21._o e._n 3._o 47._o the_o earl_n of_o kent_n case_n if_o the_o king_n have_v a_o ward_n of_o land_n or_o a_o lease_n of_o land_n for_o year_n and_o by_o his_o letter_n patent_n grant_v the_o land_n to_o another_o and_o his_o heir_n the_o grant_n be_v void_a and_o it_o shall_v not_o amount_v by_o construction_n to_o a_o grant_n of_o his_o estate_n or_o interest_n vid._n 21._o ass_n 15._o and_o the_o other_o book_n cite_v in_o the_o case_n of_o alton_n wood_n upon_o this_o ground_n 29_o eliz._n in_o the_o exchequer_n the_o case_n be_v king_n h._n 7._o be_v seize_v of_o two_o manor_n s._n de_fw-fr ryton_n et_fw-la condor_fw-la he_o grant_v ex_fw-la certa_fw-la scientia_fw-la et_fw-la mero_fw-la motu_fw-la totum_fw-la illud_fw-la manerium_fw-la de_fw-la ryton_n et_fw-la condor_fw-la adjudge_v that_o the_o grant_n be_v void_a the_o like_a case_n be_v resolve_v 39_o eliz._n where_o the_o queen_n be_v seize_v of_o the_o manor_n of_o millborne_n and_o saperton_n in_o the_o county_n of_o lincoln_n and_o the_o queen_n grant_v ex_fw-la certa_fw-la scientia_fw-la &_o mero_fw-la motu_fw-la totum_fw-la illud_fw-la manerium_fw-la de_fw-la millborne_n cum_fw-la saperton_n in_o com_n linc_n and_o it_o be_v hold_v that_o neither_o of_o the_o manor_n do_v pass_v and_o yet_o if_o a_o common_a person_n have_v make_v such_o grant_n the_o grantee_n in_o both_o the_o say_a case_n shall_v have_v have_v both_o the_o manor_n so_o in_o our_o case_n the_o king_n be_v deceive_v in_o his_o grant_n in_o that_o his_o grant_n can_v take_v effect_n according_a to_o his_o intention_n therein_o express_v for_o the_o king_n intention_n be_v to_o make_v a_o grant_v agreeable_a in_o all_o thing_n to_o the_o authority_n give_v to_o the_o commissioner_n by_o the_o say_a commission_n and_o that_o appear_v plain_o by_o the_o very_a word_n of_o the_o letter_n patent_n for_o the_o word_n be_v sciatis_fw-la quod_fw-la nos_fw-la etc._n etc._n virtute_fw-la ac_fw-la secundum_fw-la intentionem_fw-la et_fw-la effectum_fw-la of_o the_o say_a commission_n dedimus_fw-la et_fw-la concessimus_fw-la etc._n etc._n as_o in_o the_o patent_n and_o he_o conceive_v that_o the_o warrant_v make_v by_o the_o commissioner_n for_o pass_v the_o patent_n which_o here_o we_o call_v the_o fiant_fw-la have_v be_v according_a to_o the_o intent_n and_o effect_n of_o the_o say_a commission_n and_o upon_o that_o warrant_n which_o exceed_v the_o authority_n give_v to_o the_o commissioner_n this_o patent_n be_v past_a yet_o still_o with_o a_o reference_n to_o the_o intention_n and_o effect_n of_o the_o commission_n now_o this_o grant_n can_v by_o any_o possibility_n take_v effect_n according_a to_o the_o king_n intention_n therein_o express_v for_o the_o king_n intention_n in_o the_o begin_n of_o the_o grant_n be_v that_o it_o shall_v be_v according_a to_o the_o intention_n and_o effect_n of_o the_o commission_n which_o must_v be_v a_o tenure_n by_o knight_n service_n in_o capite_fw-la either_o by_o express_a reservation_n or_o by_o implication_n and_o operation_n of_o law._n and_o the_o tenure_n reserve_v in_o the_o patent_n be_v a_o tenure_n by_o common_a knight_n service_n as_o of_o the_o castle_n of_o dublyn_n differ_v altogether_o from_o the_o intention_n and_o effect_n of_o the_o commission_n so_o as_o it_o be_v not_o possible_a that_o this_o tenure_n express_o reserve_v can_v be_v according_a to_o the_o intention_n and_o effect_n of_o the_o commission_n or_o that_o the_o intent_n and_o effect_n of_o the_o commission_n can_v any_o way_n acoord_v with_o the_o tenure_n express_o reserve_v in_o the_o patent_n so_o as_o it_o
because_o that_o the_o authority_n appear_v within_o the_o letter_n patent_n themselves_o and_o exposition_n shall_v be_v make_v upon_o the_o whole_a patent_n 5._o although_o it_o be_v a_o most_o ample_a and_o large_a commission_n yet_o it_o be_v bound_v and_o circumscribe_v by_o the_o law_n with_o a_o equal_a construction_n s._n that_o nothing_o shall_v be_v do_v in_o other_o manner_n than_o the_o authority_n warrant_v in_o prejudice_n of_o the_o king_n 6._o because_o that_o this_o reservation_n of_o a_o mean_a tenure_n be_v in_o other_o manner_n than_o the_o authority_n warrant_v and_o be_v in_o damage_n and_o prejudice_n of_o the_o king_n 7._o and_o last_o because_o that_o this_o express_a reservation_n control_v the_o implication_n of_o law_n and_o for_o that_o the_o king_n be_v deceive_v in_o his_o grant_n in_o that_o it_o can_v take_v effect_n according_a to_o his_o intention_n therein_o express_v for_o these_o reason_n they_o do_v resolve_v that_o this_o express_a reservation_n of_o a_o mean_a tenure_n tend_v to_o the_o destruction_n of_o the_o whole_a patent_n and_o make_v it_o void_a in_o law_n both_o to_o the_o land_n and_o to_o the_o tenure_n the_o order_n of_o the_o council_n board_n upon_o this_o resolution_n of_o the_o judge_n by_o the_o lord_n deputy_n and_o council_n wentworth_n whereas_o there_o be_v a_o act_n of_o council_n make_v at_o this_o board_n and_o date_v at_o the_o abbey_n of_o boyle_n the_o eleaventh_n day_n of_o july_n 1635._o ordain_v and_o establish_v that_o the_o lord_n knight_n gentleman_n and_o inhabitant_n their_o heir_n and_o assign_v hold_v any_o castle_n manor_n land_n tenement_n or_o other_o haereditament_n in_o the_o county_n of_o roscoman_n by_o or_o under_o any_o effectual_a letter_n patent_n from_o his_o majesty_n or_o any_o of_o his_o royal_a predecessor_n king_n or_o queen_n of_o england_n shall_v have_v hold_v possess_v and_o enjoy_v all_o the_o say_a castle_n manor_n land_n tenement_n and_o hereditament_n of_o what_o kind_n or_o nature_n soever_o they_o be_v to_o they_o and_o to_o every_o of_o they_o and_o to_o those_o who_o hold_v any_o estate_n under_o they_o against_o his_o majesty_n his_o heir_n and_o successor_n in_o as_o full_a large_a ample_a free_a and_o beneficial_a manner_n to_o all_o intent_n purpose_n and_o construction_n as_o if_o the_o truth_n of_o their_o several_a case_n and_o their_o several_a letter_n patent_n pass_v thereupon_o have_v be_v special_o find_v in_o the_o great_a office_n then_o to_o be_v take_v for_o find_v his_o majesty_n title_n to_o the_o say_a county_n and_o their_o letter_n patent_n according_o enter_v in_o haec_fw-la verba_fw-la in_o the_o say_a office_n so_o that_o they_o do_v produce_v their_o say_a several_a letter_n patent_n or_o the_o enrollment_n thereof_o before_o we_o the_o lord_n deputy_n and_o council_n at_o this_o board_n before_o the_o first_o day_n of_o the_o then_o next_o easter_n term_n and_o that_o no_o possession_n shall_v be_v take_v from_o any_o such_o patentee_n or_o their_o assign_n or_o tenant_n who_o patent_n shall_v be_v at_o this_o board_n allow_v to_o be_v good_a and_o effectual_a in_o law_n and_o whereas_o the_o like_a act_n of_o council_n be_v make_v at_o this_o board_n for_o the_o several_a county_n of_o slygo_n mayo_n and_o gallway_n and_o the_o county_n of_o the_o town_n of_o gallway_n and_o whereas_o several_a letter_n patent_n pass_v under_o his_o majesty_n great_a seal_n of_o divers_a land_n tenement_n and_o hereditament_n in_o the_o say_v several_a county_n by_o colour_n of_o a_o commission_n under_o the_o great_a seal_n date_v the_o second_o day_n of_o march_n in_o the_o four_o year_n of_o the_o reign_n of_o his_o majesty_n royal_a father_n king_n james_n of_o bless_a memory_n be_v present_v unto_o we_o at_o this_o board_n which_o be_v take_v into_o consideration_n by_o we_o we_o think_v fit_a for_o our_o better_a information_n of_o the_o validity_n of_o the_o say_a letter_n patent_n to_o call_v before_o we_o some_o of_o those_o who_o claim_v by_o those_o letter_n patent_n as_o namely_o our_o very_a good_a lord_n the_o viscount_n dillon_n of_o costillogallen_n who_o we_o appoint_v to_o attend_v we_o with_o his_o learned_a council_n therein_o which_o he_o do_v according_o whereupon_o his_o majesty_n learned_a council_n and_o the_o council_n learn_v of_o the_o say_a lord_n dillon_n agree_v upon_o a_o case_n draw_v up_o by_o they_o to_o be_v argue_v by_o they_o on_o both_o side_n before_o we_o which_o case_n follow_v in_o haec_fw-la verba_fw-la king_n james_n by_o commission_n under_o the_o great_a seal_n date_v the_o second_o day_n of_o march_n in_o the_o four_o year_n of_o his_o reign_n do_v authorise_v certain_a commissioner_n to_o grant_v the_o manor_n of_o dale_n by_o letter_n patent_n under_o the_o great_a seal_n of_o this_o kingdom_n to_o a._n and_o his_o heir_n and_o there_o be_v no_o direction_n give_v in_o the_o say_a commission_n touch_v the_o tenure_n to_o be_v reserve_v there_o be_v letter_n patent_n by_o colour_n of_o the_o say_a commission_n pass_v unto_o a._n and_o his_o heir_n to_o hold_v by_o knight_n service_n that_o be_v to_o say_v by_o the_o twenty_o part_n of_o etc._n etc._n as_o of_o his_o majesty_n castle_n of_o dublyn_n the_o question_n be_v whither_o the_o say_v letter_n patent_n be_v void_a in_o the_o whole_a or_o only_o to_o the_o tenure_n upon_o which_o case_n his_o majesty_n learned_a council_n and_o the_o learned_a council_n on_o the_o part_n of_o the_o say_a viscount_n dillon_n argue_v before_o we_o several_a day_n and_o we_o desirous_a to_o take_v such_o a_o resolution_n in_o the_o matter_n as_o may_v be_v equal_a and_o just_a hold_v fit_a to_o advise_v therein_o withal_o his_o majesty_n judge_n who_o not_o agree_v unanimous_o in_o opinion_n we_o adjudge_v it_o fit_a that_o every_o of_o they_o shall_v argue_v it_o and_o deliver_v his_o judgement_n and_o opinion_n therein_o before_o we_o which_o they_o do_v according_o wherein_o five_o of_o they_o viz._n the_o lord_n chief_a justice_n of_o his_o majesty_n court_n of_o king_n bench_n the_o lord_n chief_a justice_n of_o his_o majesty_n court_n of_o common_a plea_n the_o lo_o chief_a baron_n of_o his_o majesty_n court_n of_o exchequer_n baron_n barry_n and_o justice_n rives_n concur_v in_o opinion_n clear_o that_o the_o letter_n patent_n be_v void_a in_o the_o whole_a and_o two_o only_a viz._n justice_n mayart_n and_o justice_n cressy_n differ_v from_o those_o five_o in_o opinion_n hold_v that_o the_o letter_n patent_n be_v only_o void_a as_o to_o the_o tenure_n we_o thereupon_o take_v the_o same_o into_o consideration_n at_o this_o board_n do_v hereby_o adjudge_v order_n and_o declare_v that_o the_o say_v letter_n patent_n be_v whole_o void_a in_o law_n and_o consequent_o that_o all_o such_o letter_n patent_n pass_v under_o colour_n of_o the_o say_a commission_n and_o that_o mention_v the_o parcel_n grant_v to_o be_v hold_v by_o knight_n service_n as_o of_o his_o majesty_n castle_n of_o dublyn_n or_o by_o any_o tenure_n other_o then_o by_o knight_n service_n in_o capite_fw-la general_o be_v not_o good_a effectual_a or_o valid_a in_o law_n but_o void_a in_o the_o whole_a and_o therefore_o we_o do_v at_o this_o board_n disallow_v all_o such_o letter_n patent_n so_o grant_v as_o aforesaid_a of_o any_o land_n tenement_n or_o hereditament_n in_o any_o of_o the_o say_a county_n of_o roscoman_n slygo_n mayo_n gallway_n or_o the_o county_n of_o the_o town_n of_o gallway_n give_v at_o his_o majesty_n castle_n of_o dublyn_n 13._o july_n 1637._o r._n dillon_n ad._n loftus_n w._n parson_n gerr._n lowther_n r._n bolton_n chr._n wandesford_n ph._n mainwaring_n cha._n coote_n geo._n radcliffe_n the_o end_n