ANIMADVERSIONS By way of ANSWER TO A SERMON Preached by Dr. THOMAS KENNE Lord Bishop of BATH and WELLS In the Cathedral Church of BATH On ascension-ASCENSION-DAY last Being the Fifth Day of May 1687. With Allowance LONDON Printed for Nathaniel Thompson at the Entrance into the Old Spring-Garden near Charing-Cross 1687. TO THE MOST SACRED MAJESTY OF JAMES the II. KING of England Scotland France and Ireland Defender of the Faith c. THIS little Treatise most Gracious and Dread Sovereign was occasion'd by a Sermon Preach'd the last Ascention-Day by a Bishop of the Church of England whose Tallent was so much commended that I was no less curious than desirous to hear him And so I did with attention I confess I am no competent Author to fasten an Opinion of his Lordship on any yet being not at all pleaed with his Doctrine I gave my best Friends the faithfullest report I cou'd of the chiefest Points of his Discourse His Lordship I own is Oratour enough and was sufficiently moderate for a great part of his Sermon till at last he flew to Controversies nothing material to his Text and much less Consonant to good Doctrine Then I was resolved to have a sharp Eye after him Sermon being done immediately I Recorded his chiefest Errours and endeavour'd at leasure to reduce them to the best and easiest method that was possible for me May it therefore please Your most Sacred Majesty to countenance this little Scroul in hopes that under Your Gracious Protection it may get the Credit to be worth the Reading I am most certainly sure it can never be set forth to the Publick advantage of Souls better than by Dedicating it to a KING who has done more in one day for God's Glory and the propagation of the Christian Faith than most of the Christian Kings have done in the whole course of their Lives It is well known that He has truly a Paternal Breast to all His Subjects and most particularly to them that profess any Zeal towards the Conversion of Souls having this Sentence of St. Denis deeply Engraven in His Royal Heart Divinorum Divinissimum est co-operari Deo in salutem animarum The Divinest of all Divine things is to cooperate with God for the salvation of Souls Now then Dread Sir I Consecrate my self and this little Paper together with all the Faculties of my Soul and Body to Your most Sacred Majesties Spiritual and Temporal Service for I never desire to live longer than I am able to serve Your Self and Your Royal Family And shall conclude with this hearty Address to Almighty God that as he has most Miraculously preserv'd Your Royal Person from so many Eminent Evident and hidden Dangers both on Sea and Land Abroad and at Home and settled Your Majesty in spite of Fate on the Throne of Your Royal Ancestors so He may settle Your Majesty and Your Royal Consort on a Throne of Glory in Heaven after living a full Century on years in all Prosperity on Earth to the perfect Conversion of all Your Subjects This with the blessing of a most Hopeful Prince who shall perpetuate Your Royal Names to the Worlds end shall be the constant Wishes and daily Prayers of Dread Sovereign Your Majesties most Dutifully Obedient Servant and most Loyal Irish Subject F.J.R. C.J. TO THE COURTEOUS READER IT happened Courteous Reader that I have been lately intreated by one of my best Friends to go hear a Church of England Bishop Preach I confess I had no great mind to go yet to please my Friend and may be yield something to curiosity I went. But seeing a Christian Prelate in the Pulpit begin as I thought a Christian Sermon and omit the characterical Sign of a Christian I was much astonished at such an odd sight being the first Preacher to the best of my Memory that ever I saw begin a Sermon without making the Sign of the Cross To this you will answer that in the Church of England they do not usually make the Sign of the Cross contenting themselves to make it once for all Viz. When they are Baptized but is that the Custom as well with Protestants as with all other Dissenters Yes well then I say that it is a very ill Custom which can never be otherwise then a most scandalous practise For my part I declare I was mightily scandalized to see one that pretends to be a Christian-Teacher begin to Preach and omit the Sign of a Christian This with his ill Doctrine made me observe him narrowly and sift thoroughly all his Discourse and endeavour to refute his chiefest Errours as you will see if you be pleased to read this following Treatise But this Advertisement is chiefly to shew that the practical omission of using the Sign of the Cross is a practical contradiction as well of the holy Bible as of the Primitive and modern Practice of the true Church of Christ But before I enter into any positive Proof either of holy Scripture or Antiquity I think it expedient to take away all doubts and scruples of the lawfulness of this holy Sign and thus I argue That practice can never be unlawful in it self which both Parties own to be once so lawful that it is against the Law of God to omit it But both Roman Catholicks and Protestants do own that it is against the Law of Christ to omit the Sign of the Cross at the actual administration of the Sacrament of Baptism Ergo the constant practise thereof must needs be lawful Nam quod ex natura rei semel est licitum semper est licitum for there is nothing less alterable than the nature of a thing which in Schools is called Quiditas rei that is the very Essence of a thing which cannot be changed without destroying the thing it self None therefore can deny the constant use of the Cross to be lawful seeing all confess it to be once absolutely necessary Viz. In the actual Administration of the Sacrament of Baptism so that whoever teacheth the contrary may see his own judgement in St. Paul 3. Chap. to the Phillip 18. v. Quos saepe dicebam vobis nunc flens dico inimicos Crucis Christi quorum Deus venter est finis interitus For many walk of whom I have told you often and now tell you even weeping that they are the Enemies of the Cross of Christ whose end is destruction whose God is their belly Consider seriously this passage and beware never to despise the Sign of the Cross otherwise you will act directly against the express word of God As you will see in what followeth Read I pray the 7th of Revelations 3 v. Where one Angel said to four other Angels hurt not the Earth neither the Sea nor the Trees till we have signed the Servants of our God in their Foreheads Read again the 10th Chap. of St. Mark 16 Vers And he took them and blessed them The same is proved also out of St. Luke 24th Chap. 50. Vers
And he led them out as far as to Bethany and he lifted up his hands and blessed them You see therefore that blessing and signing with the Cross are founded on holy Scripture That it was the Primitive practice of the true Church used in all Ages since the Passion of Christ cannot be denied I call to witness all the Crosses that ever have been Erected in High-ways and on Eminent places some by the Apostles some by their Successors others by devout Lay-men and all by the Authority and Example of the Church Witness that great Cross found not many Ages ago in the Indies where St. Thomas the Apostle Preached the Gospel of Christ Witness all the Crowned Heads of Christian Kings that are now or ever have been in the World witness in fine all the Church-Pinacles that ever were seen as well in England as in any other part of Christendom We ought not sure to forget Chairing-Cross supposed by many to have been the richest of most Crosses after that on which our sweet Redeemer has suffered Now I leave to your own Judgement Impartial Reader to consider the difference between the Church that Erected all of those Monuments of Christian Piety and the pretended Church that levell'd all to the Ground and endeavour'd to bury the memory of Primitive Piety and ancient Devotion Do not we find in History that it was revealed from Heaven to the first Christian Emperour an English-man born and his Mother an English-woman also quod in hoc signo vinces you will overcome in this sign and well it became him for he was never ashamed thereof but shewed himself all his Life time a true worshipper of the Cross and for that he had always the better of his Enemies both visible and invisible and it is well known that all the true Worshipers of the Cross do the like But some body will say that I mistake in Protestants that they are not at all such Enemies to the Cross that many of them can very well abide a Crucifix in their Chambers and pay to it due Respect and Veneration And why not I pray a Roman Catholick Cannot he have the Spirit of discerning the Honour due to a Crucifix as well as a Protestant Sure that zealous Church of England Worshipper of a Crucifix intends to perswade the world that what may be a respectful Ornament in his Chamber must needs be a Golden Calf in that of a Roman Catholick and why Because he supposes that He alone has the Spirit of discerning the Honour due to a Crucifix let him shew me this in Scripture otherwise I will shew him that he judgeeth most rashly for there can be no rasher judgement than that of ones interiour which is only known to God scrutator cordium renum Deus true or false Worwip must come from the interiour witness these words of our Saviour populus hic labiis me honorat cor autem eorum longe est a me This People honour me with their Lips hut their heart is far from me You see then that there is but God only that knows their heart beware therefore gentle Reader never to offer at being Judge of that Court wherein God only is Supream Judge and each particular a sub-altern-one none knowing effectually what passeth in foro Conscientiae but God and himself You must needs then be very weary how you judge what you judge and of whom you judge for fear of being judged It is but what we are commanded to observe in the Gospel Nolite judicare non judicabimini do not judge and you will not be judged This is all the Advertisement I have to give you good Reader before you begin to read the ensuing Treatise Farewell ANIMADVERSIONS By way of ANSWER TO A SERMON Preach'd by Doctor Thomas Kenne Lord Bishop of BATH and WELLS In the Cathedral Church of Bath On ascention-ASCENTION-DAY last Being the Fitfh of May 1687. I Was honour'd my Lord with being one of your Auditors last Ascention-day in the Afternoon at the Cathedral Church of Bath Your Lordship I own does not want the parts of an Orator and of an Evangelical one too had you but suck'd your Doctrine as St. John hath done De Sacro Dominici pectoris fonte that is to say within the Bosom of his only true Spouse on Earth the Roman Catholick Church Mother and Mistress of all Visible Churches That you have not suck'd your Learning from the Breast of Christ in his True Church I prove ex ore tuo To enter directly to the matter I begin my Lord with your Text drawn out of the 47 Psalm 5. Ver. Ascendit Deus in jubilo God is gone up with a shout the Lord with the sound of a Trumpet I remarked your Lordship sweated hard to fit this Text more to the Typick ascent of the Ark of Alliance from the house of Obededon to Mount Sion than to the real assent of Jesus Christ from Mount Olivet to the right hand of God the Father You took so much pains in describing to the least circumstance of the first that you had not time enough to enlarge your self much on the latter tho' This was far more to your purpose then That it was not want of time for you were a full hour and a half in Chair All that I cou'd pick out of your tedious description of the Ark was that when you compar'd it to a long Chest with painted Cherubims much like to the Angels you Paint now adays I thought your Church allow'd of no Angels to be Painted at all But now that you speak of them you cannot deny but they were Painted or Engraved on the Ark by Gods own Direction God cou'd never give directions for Idolatry You see then my Lord that to have a Crucifix or Picture of Saints or Angels and pay due respect to them cannot be Idolatry provided still that the Worship of Latria only due to God be not given them but a respective veneration which we call Dulia for Saints and Angels and Hyper-Dulia for the blessed Virgin Mother of God. In the Second place I took notice your Lordship thought it too too long you were without giving a fling at the Popes Supremacy to which you shew'd all aversion imaginable and that because he is call'd Supream Spiritual Head of Christs Church on Earth We call his Holiness it is true Supream Spiritual and Visible Head Vicar of Jesus Christ and Successor to St. Peter the first visible Head our Saviour hath ordained in his Church and we have Scripture enough for calling him so as you shall soon see but you have none to the contrary I remember you said that Jesus Christ was and is the only spiritual Head of his Church A little distinguo here my Lord may do well Jesus Christ is the only Supream Spiritual and Invisible Head of his Church as well Triumphant as Militant Concedo Jesus Christ is the only Spiritual and Visible Head of his Church Militant I deny because this Church
there that really I thought you were mistaken in our Doctrine of Transubstantiation or else that you were not at all sincere in omitting to expound candedly our Sense thereof to your People For if your Lordship teach them that We deprive Heaven of that most sacred Humanity whilst it continues on our Altars you impose most grossly on us and keep your Flock wilfully in ignorance For that was never our Opinion We say and teach that he is at the self-same time in Heaven and on our Altars because the Omnipotent Word of God makes use of his absolute Power to re-produce himself truly and really God and Man under the accidents of Bread and Wine nothing of either former Substances remaining and this change of Substance is call'd by the Roman Catholick Church Transubstantiation that is to say A total Change of the substance of the Bread to that of the Body and of the substance of the Wine to that of the most precious Blood of Jesus Christ and this is what we call Transubstantiation And John Calvin himself had not the face to deny this to Gods absolute Power to whom sin only is impossible And Jesus Christ says absolutely he does change it by virtue of these holy words Hoc est corpus meum c. for if he has changed the substance of Water to that of Wine and multiplied five small Loaves to the most plentiful saturity of five thousand men Water and Bread being purely material who can deny but he can do the like to his own most sacred Body being in the actual possession of all the qualities due to a glorious Spirit viz. Agility Subtility Clarity and Impassibility Do not I pray fool your poor People any more with the feigned impossibility of believing that so proper a Man as Jesus Christ is or can be in a little Wafer Speak my Lord like a Christian Scholar and own that these four glorious qualities just now mention'd do dispense with the Body of Christs local possessing of a place cum extensione partium supra partes It is true that living as a Mortal man on Earth he took his dimensions corporally as other Mortal men do tho' then it self he might have done it Spiritually as often as he pleased which was once only viz. pridie quam pateretur that is the day before he suffered You must therefore confess under pain of Eternal Damnation that our sweet Redeemers Body is no more subject to time or place Who is' t that can deny to the glorious Body of our Saviour Christ what St. Paul allows after the day of Judgement to the Bodies of all Souls justified by sanctifying Grace Here are his words Seminatur corpus animale surget spirituale c. Hence a Christian Poet took occasion to say Clari subtiles agiles impassibilesque Omnes quadruplici pollebunt dote beati viz. Clarity Subtility Agility and Impassibility shall be the four Gifts of beatified Bodies And if it be of Faith that all glorified Bodies shall enjoy these Priviledges when Doom is over who can deny it now to the most glorious Body of Jesus Christ He says it Hoc est corpus meum This is my Body c. And who shall find in his heart to say no You 'll alledge my Lord that the Mystery cannot be comprehended it is true and why Because it is incomprehensible as all the rest of the Mysteries of our Faith But this Mystery is called Antonomastice Mysterium Fidei that is the Mystery of Faith by excellency You will say my Lord you cannot comprehend it pray tell me whether you can comprehend the Mystery of the most holy Trinity the word Trinity being no more in Scripture than the word Transubstantiation and what is the reason you do not give credit as well to This as to That You have the self-same authority for both which is that of the Church Are not there a thousand little bagatels in Nature you cannot comprehend viz. The Ebbing and Flowing of the Seas the regular Fits of Agues the occult Vertue of the Sun giving real Life to Insects and cooperating vertually to the Life of all other Sublanary Creatures whether Vegitatively or Sensibly Living and many other such examples in nature obvious enough to our Senses but incomprehensible to our understandings and shoul'd not this be more then a sufficient argument to captivate our understandings in obsequium fidei This is not my Lord to totter the People with every blaste of Wind saying Christ is here or Christ is there that is to be understood not of Christians but of the Jews who after long expecting the Messias will at last feign he is here and he is there being weary of his tedious delay But Jesus Christ himself gave this warning to the Christians that will live in those days to the end that they may not be tottered by every blaste of Wind that shall say he is on this Altar or on that Altar We teach my Lord the Doctrine Jesus Christ left to his Apostles And his Apostles by Succession to Posterity and which shall continue in the Church of God to the Worlds End. It is the unquestionable Doctrine of Christ preach'd by his Apostles and their Successours in all Ages And your Doctrine is questionable to every body even to your selves for you do not know the way or manner Christ is in your Sacrament as I will instance out of your own Catechism before I end But I prove now that you taught in that Ascension Sermon a Doctrine quite repugnant to your own Bible Here are the words of St. Luke 22th Chap. 19th Vers This is my Body which is given for you What can be more plain Notwithstanding your Lordship must needs maintain that what Christ gave and his Apostles receiv'd was nothing else but Bread and Wine Do you pretend to know Christs meaning better than himself Is not this quite contrary to the great longing he had to eat this Pass-over with his Disciples Defiderio desideravi hoc pasca manducare vobiscum Luke 22th Chap. 15th Vers With desire I have desired to eat this Pass-over with you before I suffer Now to refer these words to a figurative eating only by Faith were most absurd for we cannot say that Jesus Christ cou'd eat himself by Faith since all the Schools of Divinity forbid us to admit Faith in the Son of God who is and always has been in the full possession of all the Objects of Divine Faith and that by Vertue of his Hypostatical Union We must therefore own and confess that what our Saviour desir'd so vehemently to eat with his Disciples before he suffer'd was truly really and substantially his most Sacred Body But for further proof of this verity go to the 6th Chap. of St. Johns Gospel and read it all over with attention and there you shall find nothing more plainly proved then the Real Presence But when you come to the 52th Verse thereof I beg of you to read it leasurely here be the words
the convertible Points I took notice of in your last Ascention Sermon and unless I be much mistaken that days controversie was in order to take away all suspicion of your being Roman Cotholickly inclined For your Lordship living as Seneca saith sine impedimento that is to say without a Wife and having the reputation of one that lives morally well which is enough for the Rabble to say you are Popishly affected you undertook that days work to take away the scandal which had no other ground than your good Works thank then my Lord your own Church for this abuse which proceeds from that unhappy Merit-killing Doctrine which prives out of your Schools all good Works and Meritorious actions To this purpose I remember the Friday following your Lordship us'd all means in your instruction of Faith to perswade your Auditors that Abrahams Justification was for his Faith and not for his good Works All your Proof was because Abraham believed before he was circumcised a very weak or rather no argument indeed quasi vero that all Abrahams good Works were only comprehended in his circumcision Pray tell me now if you have this positively in Scripture You can never do it my Lord but you will find the contrary in positive Terms both in the New and Old Testament What shall be the final Judgement of Predestination and Reprobation Shall it not be for Doing or not doing good Works Witness the very words of our last Sentence recorded in the Gospel venite Benedicti patis mei esurivi enim dedistis mihi manducare c. Come ye blessed of my Father c. I was hungry and you gave me to eat c. And the other Sentence shall be most terribly terrible against the Reprobate for want of good Works Ite maledicti in ignem Aeternum c. Go ye cursed to the everlasting Fire c. And why Esurivi enim non dedisti mihi manducare c. Because I was hungry and you did not feed me c. I will content my self now with one Proof out of the Old Testament it is in the 30th Chapter of Deuteronomy 19 verse I call Heaven and Earth to record this day against you that I have set before you Life and Death Blessing and Cursing therefore choose Life that thou and thy seed may Live. How cou'd God Almighty call Heaven and Earth to Judge them if he had not endowed them with Free Will for you cannot Lawfully hang a Cripple for not running nor a Man Born Blind for not Reading You must make God then far more cruel than Man if he damns for not doing Good Works you supposing he deprives him of Free-will which is the Doctrine of our pretended Reformers who attribute all to Faith and nothing to Merit As for your Lordship I think I cannot deal fairer with you then to remit you to the Western Window of that Cathedral wherein I heard you Preach and there you will find in Capital Letters your own Judgement drawn out of the 2d Chapter of St. James v. 26. For as the Body without the Spirit is Dead so Faith without good Works is Dead also This is all I have to say against those two Sermons I heard your Lordship Preach now I beseech the Almighty God that you may rather soon then late make it your main Concern to find out Truth and for this purpose you must invoke faithfully and fervently the Holy Ghost to Englighten your understanding that you may see your errour and enflame your will to embrace truth and return speedily to the bosome of Christs only saving Church on Earth and then you will have the Sign of the Holy Cross in Veneration you will make use of it in the beginning of all your undertakings You will own out of the words of God himself a Visible Spiritual Supream Head of his Church on Earth and that the Sacrament of the Altar cannot be a Sacrament according to the Institution thereof if Christs most Sacred Humanity be not there substantially and really present And finally you will confess that Free-will and Meritorious Actions are absolutely necessary for Salvation Recant timely my Lord otherwise it is much to be fear'd that this just Judgment shall surprize you ignorans ignorabitur Do what lyes in you and God will never refuse his helping hand It is a Principle with us in Divinity that facienti quod in se est Deus non denegat Gratiam Do it again I say with all the speed possible for S. Ambrose assures us that the Holy Ghost doth not Love to be put off Nescit tarda Molimina Spiritus Sancti Gratia. Tertulian says Christiano Christianum non est a Christian has no to Morrow but will say with the Royal Prophet ecce nunc coepi Your Lordship will Pardon me I hope for exhorting you to mind your Salvation timely having no other Interest in your Conversion but the Glory of God and the good of your Soul. But if you shut your ears to this spiritual Admonishment I call God to Witness that there is not a Tittle in this silly Scroul but shall arise in Judgement against you I am but a poor Begger I own nay a Begger indeed that begs his bread daily and feeds only on the Charitable Benevolence of Christians and will do so while I live in please God for I can never aspire higher but do not despise the words of the little ones quia infirma mundi elegit Deus ut confundat fortia I am the weakest of all men I confess in utroque homine yet my poor Prayers shall be for your Lordships speedy Conversion to the greater Glory of God to your own Eternal Felicity to the great Joy of all the Angels and Saints of Heaven to the publick Edification of your fellow Subjects to the Conversion of Thousands of your poor stragling Sheep and perishing Lambs and finally to the unspeakable comfort and satisfaction of My Lord Your most humble Servant and Well-wisher in Soul and Body F. J. R. FINIS Books Printed and sold by Nathaniel Thompson at the Entrance into the Old Spring-Garden near Charing-Cross A Manual of Controversies clearly demonstrating the Truth of Catholick Religion By Texts of Holy Scripture Councils of all Ages Fathers of the first 500 years Common sense and Reason And fully Answering the principal Objections of Protestants and all other Sectaries Price bound 1 s. 6 d A Manual of Devout Prayers Fitted for all Persons and Occasions To which is added the Rosary Latine and English Prayers to the Blessed Virgin Mary c. The Prayers of St. Bridget and other most devout Prayers upon several occasions never before published With a Catholick Calender for ever Price 1 s. A most excellent way of hearing Mass with profit and Devotion Containing the whole Mass in Latine and English with divers choice Select Prayers before and after Confession and Communion An an Examen of Conscience To which is added the Rosary of our Blessed Lady Prayers to
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