Selected quad for the lemma: lord_n

Word A	Word B	Word C	Word D	Occurrence	Frequency Band	MI	MI Band	Prominent
lord_n	day_n	henry_n	king_n	11,333	5	3.8571	3	false

Text snippets containing the quad

ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A56345	The true portraiture of the kings of England, drawn from their titles, successions, raigns and ends, or, A short and exact historical description of every king, with the right they have had to the crown, and the manner of their wearing of it, especially from William the Conqueror wherein is demonstrated that there hath been no direct succession in the line to create an hereditary right, for six or seven hundred years : faithfully collected out of our best histories, and humbly presented to the Parliament of England / by an impartial friend to justice and truth.	Parker, Henry, 1604-1652.	1650 (1650)	Wing P429; ESTC R33010	38,712	46

beams attracted most dazled others the Barons and people who were then unanimous through mutual oppressions fall more close and severe on their principles and wil not endure either delays or delusions and therefore effectually to redress their grievances came very well armed to a Parliament then holden at Oxford intended rather for getting Subsidies then removing oppressions in which Assembly they put the King to it urge their former complaints with more zeal and reason and with an addition of a mighty Spirit demand the absolute confirmation of Magna Charta and in a larger edition wherein are comprised those gallant priviledges of the Commons of England which have yet been but kept by Ink and Parchment and not trusting the King got his son Prince Edward to seal it with an addition of twenty four some write twelve Peers which Fabian stiles the douze Peeres not only to see these priviledges truly observed but to be as joynt Regents with the King and all the Lords and Bishops in Parliament took a like Oath to maintain these Articles inviolable yea and all that would have any benefit of residence in the Kingdom were enjoyned to take the same But these were too strict bonds for such a Princes wil he soon finding advantages as he sought them recals all gets a dispensation from the Pope for his forced Oath and to countenance his perjurie and acts in the old account the Barons again stand up with the people stoutly for the performance of the Articles of Oxford and sometimes brought him into straits yea fully defeated him in many bloody battles and regained the confirmation of the same laws with security that all the Castles throughout England should be delivered to the keeping of the Barons that the provisions of Oxford be inviolably preserved that all strangers should be dismist the Kingdom but those which by generall consent should be thought fit to remain this necessitous act though as it gave the people some peace and hopes so it gave the King time to consider of new mediums and therefore still to delay and blind he Assembles a new Parliament at London where having by the sprinkling of Court water won many Lords to take his part begins to surprise as many of the Barons as he could get and spoiled their Castles and Houses that success and authority grows strong on his side and the Barons with some calme provisoes mediate a peace insisting onely in generall that the Articles of Oxford might be observed But the King relying on his strength defies them as Traitors which done the peoples two Generals the Earls of Leicester and Glocester seeing no other means but to put it to a day supply their want of strength by their wit and diligence and carefully and artificially placing their battel which was fought at the Town of Lewis in Sussex overthrew the Kings Army took the King the Prince the Earl of Cornwal and his son Henry the Earls of Arundel Hereford with many other Lords and Gentlemen both English and Scottish And now having the King and Prince and most of the Nobles and a new confirmation of all one would think the great Charter was out of danger either of blotting or razing especially if we consider the solemnities formerly used in the ratification of it as Daniel excellently relates it in his history p. 169. The people knowing that no civil promises or verbal professions would hold in Kings raptured by Prerogative devoted to perjury to maintain their tyranny take a more Ecclesiasticall and divine way of obligation swearing to excommunicate all that should be found infringers of that Charter when the people with the King and all the great Nobility were assembled with all the Prelates and the chief Bishops in their reverent ornaments with burning Candles in their hands to receive that dreadfull sentence the King having one great Candle in his hand gives it to a Prelate that stood by saying it becomes not me being no Priest to hold this Candle my heart shall be a greater testimony and withall laid his hand spred on his breast all the while the sentence was pronouncing which was Authoritato omnipotentis Dei c. which done he caused the Charter of King John his Father to be read and in the end having thrown away their Candles which lay smoaking on the ground they cryed out so let them that incurre this sentence be extinct and stinck in Hell And the King with a loud voice said As God help I will as I am a man a Christian a Knight a King Crowned and Annointed inviolably observe these things Never were Laws saith he whose words express the thing most emphatically amongst men except those holy Commandments from the Mount established with more Majestie of Ceremony to make them reverenced and respected then these were they wanted but thunder and lightning from heaven which likewise if prayers could have effected they would have had it to make the sentence ghastly and hideous to the breakers of it the greatest security that could be given was an Oath the onely chain on earth besides love to tye the conscience of a man and humane societie together which should it not hold us all the frame of Government must needs fall quite asunder yet so almost a miracle though over common among our Kings saith Master Prin out of Mat. Paris the Parliament being thus dissolved by a sacred and most solemn conclusion the King presently studies how to infringe all the premises his Parasites telling him the Pope could soon absolve him for a summ of mony which afterwards the Pope did and the King returned to his former oppressive courses with more violence and hardness and taking advantage by the division of the Barons two Generals the Earls of Leicester and Glocester the latter of which joyned with the young Prince Edward and Sir Roger Mortimer the Kings wicked Counsellor a new and potent Army is raised by them against the Earl of Leicester who had the King prisoner and those which kept constant with him for the Peoples Liberties and he with the rest of the Barons are overthrown and immediately after a Parliament is called and all these laws and decrees made voyd and that Parliament held at Oxford wherein all these Laws were first confirmed by him called Insanum Parliamentum the mad Parliament and all these Patents Commissions or Instruments made to ratifie these Articles were brought forth and solemnly damned and so bright and resplendent did Prerogative break forth that it was Proclaimed Treason in any but to speak or mention any of these Grants with the least approbation and because the City of London had engaged with the Barons and People as a principal part of the whole he would needs have burnt the City had not some wise and potent Favorites interposed and yet they could hardly disswade him from that barbarous and impolitick wickednesse But what he spared in their houses that he gott out of their purses and made up all

man this is the misery of depending on royal promises and engagements which are usually nothing else but complementall engins to move up the peoples affections while they more easily and insensibly drain out their blood and purses this was the end of this Rough and Lionlike King who reigned nine years and nine months wherein he exacted and consumed more of this Kingdom then all his Predecessors from the Norman had done before him and yet less deserved it then any having neither lived here nor left behind him monument of piety or any publike work or ever shewed love or care to this Common-wealth but onely to get what he could from it we see hitherto what a race of Kings we have had and what cause we have to glory in any thing but their Tombs and yet if we expect better afterwards we shall be as much mistaken of their actings as they were of their right The next that raigned though without any hereditary title was King John Stephens Brother whose government was as unjust as his title for he having by Election out of fear and policy of State got the Crown with expulsion of Arthur the right heir ut supra embarked the State and himself in these miserable incumberances through his violence and oppression as produced desperate effects and made way to those great alterations in the government which followed the whole reign of this King was a perfect tyranny there is in History hardly one good word given him the Barons and Clergy continually opposed him strugling for a confirmation of their long desired liberties but were most commonly either cluded or defeated by promises which were never intended to be performed until at last being more entirely united with the Commons and stoutly resolved and confirmed by an Oath taken at St. Edmunds-Burie in a general Assembly they then swore on the high Altar never to lay down arms if King John refused to confirm and restore unto them these liberties the rights which this Kingdom was formerly blest with and which all the late Kings had cheated them of the King knowing their power and considering their engagements makes use of policy and desired time to answer them entertaining them with smooth and gentle language and courtesie untill he had got strength and then he began anew to try experiments of securing himself and frustrating their desires But the Lords continuing their resolution and knowing nothing was to be obtained but by strong hand assemble themselves with a great Army at Stamford from whence they marched towards the King who was then at Oxford sent him a Schedule of their claimed liberties with an Appendix of their absolute resolutions in case of his denyal this Tyrant having heard them read with much passion replies Why do they not demand the Kingdom as wel and swore he would never grant these liberties whereby himself should be made a servant The Barons upon his Answer being as Daniel saith as hasty as he was averse resolve to seaze on his Castles and Possessions and repairing to London being welcomed by the Citizens who had too long groaned under the same tyranny they get a great access of strength by new confederates and renew their spirits oaths for the thorow prosecution of the war the King seeing himself in a strait which by no ordinary strength he could evade by gentle and teeming Messages sent to the Barons he obtained a Conference in a Medow called Running-mead between Windsor and Sta●es where armed multitudes came from all places crying nothing but Liberty Liberty so sweet was that tone to them then After many hard Conferences the King seeing it no time to dally that they would not trust him with any complemental expressions whom they looked on as formerly perjured grants their desires not only saith Speed for Liberties specified in Magna Charta Charta Forrestae but also for a kind of sway in the Government by five and twenty selected Peers who were to be as a check over the King and his chief Justiciar and all his Officers to whom any appeal might be made in case of breach of any article or priviledge confirmed by that Charter And now one would think the people were secure enough but though they seem now to have the livery yet they had not the seisin for presently the King having got now credit by the largeness of his grants gets liberty with less suspicion to undo all and in a short time pretending these grants to be acts of force having got power renounceth his engagement by them and afterwards repeals them and dispoiled all these of their lands and possessions who had any hand or heart in procuring the former grants and by new and additionall Laws made them more perfect slaves then ever they were before untill at last he was poysoned by a Monk instead of being deposed But though he be dead yet the miseries of this Nation ended not with him for his son Henry the third who succeeded him though he could not at first follow on his Fathers designs being an Infant yet at last did not onely imitate but outstrip him yet the English Nation who are much given to credulity and apt to be won by fair and plausible promises notwithstanding all the fathers iniquity imbrace the son having taken an oath of him to restore and confirm the liberties they propounded to his father which he had often granted and as often broken but for all his first oath they were fain not onely to remember him of it by petitions but oftentimes by arms and strength And though there was in this Kings Raign twenty one Parliaments called and many great Subsidies granted in confirmation of their liberties yet every Parliament was no sooner dissolved but the ingagement ceased a hint of two or three special Parliaments and their success will not be amiss to be set down in this place This King not being able to suppress the Barons and people by his own strength they having gotten not onely heart but power sends to forraign Nations for aid and entertains Poictovines Italians Almains Provincioes to subdue his own people and set them in great places which dangerous and desperate design the Barons much resenting raised their spirits and ingaged them in opposition to his Government and set them on with more courage to look after their liberties therefore they several times stand up against the violence of Prerogative but what through want of strength or caution they were commonly disappointed yet rather if we may speak truly from the unfaithfulness of the King then any other defect except it were their easiness to believe Kings when their Prerogative and the peoples liberties came in competition for after they had many times got or rather extorted many promises and confirmed them by oaths the best humane security they were put to new designs through either the suspention or breach of them witness these Instances after many foiles and tedious and various delusions by this King whose

his losses with a thorough subjection of their persons and suppression of their liberties I need relate no more of this King nor make observations the Reader will be amazed at the repetition he at least 20 times gave his promise for the confirmation execution of these just decrees contained in Magna Charta and as many times was perjured notwithstanding all the solemnities both Civil Moral and Ecclesiastical used in the acts of ratification this may learn us how to trust the most positive Engagements of Princes which cross their own interest and what to think of that word and promise they call Royall this King reigned fifty six years the longest of any King of England But we have had too much of the story of him as he had too long a time to rule considering his temper and design It s well if we can be wary for the future and be more cautious then to trust the most promising and insinuating Princes with our liberties and priviledges which can be no longer expected to be preserved by them then they may serve as footstools to advance them in the Throne of absolute Majesty But no more of this King never were there more hard strivings and wrestlings between tyranny and liberty with such bad success to the people I onely conclude his raign with the exhortation of the Psalmist Psal. 146. 3. O put not your confidence in Princes surely men of high degree are a lye King Henry is by this time layd in his grave and one would think Magna Charta buried with him His Son Edward who was his right-hand in his wars against the Barons and the principal Agent in their ruine succeeds him in the throne and instead of lessening goes on and makes an higher improvement of that royalty which his Father left him having in his own person got the victory over the Peoples Libertyes in his Fathers time and having wonne or worne out the greatest of those which opposed and being long experienced in the world so secured and advanced the Prerogative that as one sayth he seemed to be the first conqueror after the Conqueror that got the domination of this State in so absolute and eminent a manner as by his government appears He layd unsupportable Taxes both on the Clergy and Laity even unto Fiveteens and halfs of their Estates As for Tenths that was comparatively accounted easy the Barons and People for a long time durst not move for removal of greivances untill that the King being always in wars in France Flanders Wales and Scotland and so needed continually vast sums of mony called a Parliament wherein he demanded a great treasure of mony from the People that he might give them somewhat in lieu of their expences confirmed the two great Charters on the Petition of the Barons and People and so stopped their mouths and this he did as often as he had extraordinary occasions for mony But like all other royall promises they were performed by leasure Never was Royalty more Majestick and glorious then in this Kings raign and the people less able to oppose he was always so watchful and eager to enlarge his own power I shall end his raign also with what Daniel that impartiall and witty Historian saith of him He was more for the greatness of the Kingdom then the quiet of it and never King before or since except our last Charls shed so much Christian bloud within this Isle of Britain and was the cause of more in that following and not one grain of benefit procured unto the people by all their expences on him which was but to make themselves more perfect slayes The next King was Edward the Second his Son who though more vicious then the Father yet not more tyrannicall he gave more advantage to the people thorough his lewd life and unmartiall nature to seek the confirmation and establishment of Magna Charta and other good Laws which were utterly supprest and darkened in his Fathers reign This Prince gave himself over to all wicked courses and surrendred his Judgement and the management of all affairs of State unto evill and corrupt Counsellors especially to one Peirce Gaveston who had both his ear and heart unto whom he was so much endeared that he ventured the loss of Kingdom and all the hearts of his Subjects for his company and preservation and though the Barons had by often Petitions and earnest sollicitations prevailed with the King to banish him yet he soon after sent for him home and laid him more nigh his bosom then before on this the Barons raise an army against the King and send him word that unless he would observe the late Articles which they had formerly by much ado got him to sign in Parliament and put from him Pierce Gaveston they would rise in Arms against him as a perjured Prince the King whom they found was apt to be terrified yeilds again to his banishment with this clause that if he were found again within the Kingdom he should be condemned to death as an enemy of the State All places were now dangerous to Gaveston both Ireland where he formerly was protected France also too hot for him in this extremity finding no security anywhere else he again adventures on England and puts himself once again into the Kings bosom a Sanctuary which he thought would not be polluted with blood and there he is received with as great joy as ever man could be the Lords with more violence prosecute their suite to the King for delivering up or removing him once more but to no purpose they therefore set forwards with an Army say siege to the Castle wherein Gaveston was took him and notwithstanding the Kings earnest sollicitation for his life they condemned him to the block and took off his head this obstacle being removed out of the way the Lords having now the better end of the staff make advantages of it for demanding the confirmation and execution of all those Articles formerly granted threatning the King that if he would not consent to it they would force him by a strong hand with this message they had their swords also drawn and march towards London A Parliament is called where the King after a submission by the Lords to him for that act done against Gaveston contrary to his consent and will grants the Articles and pardon to them But the King goes on his old way adheres to wicked counsel waving the grave advice of his Parliament and is ruled by the two Spencers who acted with mighty strain of injustice which caused the Lords again to take up arms and stand for their Liberties but are through the revolt of some and the treachery of others overthrown at Burton upon Trent and two and twenty Noblemen the greatest Peers in the Realm executed in several places for nothing but opposing his evil Counsellors this was the first blood of Nobility that ever was shed in this manner in England since William the first which being so

much opened veines for more to follow and now the beam of power being turned regality weighs down all But by degrees through the continuation of his ill government whereby he daily lost the peoples hearts the Lords get an Army and take the King prisoner and by generall consent in Parliament deposed him as a tyrant and elected his son Edward the third to succeed and his son was crowned before his eyes Thus ended his raign but not his life Poor England which had laboured so long and successively under so many tyrants and had contested so long with Royalty for their dearly purchased liberties might now hopefully expect at least a dawning of Reformation especially when they had got so much power as to depose Authority and began as it were on a new account and the truth is affairs were now promising and distempers seemed to wear away with the former Governor yet the condition of the Kingdom had but a new face on it and grievances were rather not aggravated or multiplied then any whit removed and oppressions may be rather said to be changed from one shoulder to another then abolished Prince Edward who succeeded who was crowned in his fathers life had observance enough to remember his fate and was much warned by it both to prevent and suppress insurrections knowing by experience the full state of the controversie and therefore began his Government very fairely and with much applause onely to prevent factions and sidings he privately caused his father the deposed King to be cruelly murdered and so sate more securely though with more guilt upon the Throne his raign was fifty years odd months the longest next Hen. the third he spent most of his time in the wars of France to regain his titile to that Crown which the poor Subject felt in their estate and families and it was a happiness say some that he was so much abroad for when ever he came home as he wanted money to supply his expences so the people got ground to urge their Priviledges Magna Charta was at least twelve times ratified in this Kings Raign and so often broken yet because he goes under the name of the best Prince that raigned so long and so well let the Reader take but an Instance or two concerning his engagements to perform the grand Charter This King in the first Parliament made the fifteenth year of his raign had granted the enacting of divers wholsom and seasonable Laws which he willed and ingaged unto for him and his heirs that they should be firmly kept and remain inviolable for ever for the ratification of Magna Charta and other good Laws formerly enacted and that all the Officers of State as Chancellor Treasurer Barons of the Exchequer Judges c. should at that present in Parliament and for ever after take a solemn oath before their admission to their Offices to keep and maintain the point of the great Charter and the Charter of the Forrest c. But no sooner was the Parliament dissolved but the very same year he publikely revoked these Statutes pretending that they were contrary to the Laws and Customs of the Realm and to his Prerogative and Rights Royal c. wherefore we are willing saith he providently to revoke these things we have so improvidently done because saith he marke the dissimulation of Princes even in Parliaments We never really consented to the making of such Statutes but as then it behoved Vs We dissembled in the Premises by Protestations of revocation if indeed they should proceed to secure the dangers which by denying the same we feared to come with many more such passages and yet this King is the Phoenix of our more antient Monarchs but the Reader may still learn what the best of our Princes have been and what weak assurances any ingagements from them are where power is wanting from them and advantages present to them Another instance of his actings we may take up from the successe of his first siege of Tourney in France having laid on heavy and excessive taxes to maintain that war and the people seeing no fruits of all promises for executing the Articles of Magna Charta they refuse to pay any more without more faithfull performance of his Vows and solemn engagements to them whereby he wanting mony was fain to quit the place and return for England full of revengefull thoughts and in much fury breaths out destruction to all the refusers But the Arch-Bishop of Canterbury told him publikely but plainly that he had oftentimes as well as his Father offered manifest violences to the Liberties of the English Nation comprehended in that grand Charter and if he expected Subsidies from the people he must more carefully maintain their priviledges so justly due But the King vexed with such language both storms against the Arch-Bishop and as much as possibly he then could sought the ruine of all that had made any refusall of payment of these taxes although he had not in any manner performed his own promises Yet I will end his raign because he hath a name of a good King though as Speed saith by the Generall vote of Historians he committed many foul errors in his government with a good act he did at the fiftieth yeer of his age which he kept as his Jubilee he called a Parliament and there freely heard the grievances of the people and redressed many especially a Petition of the Commons against the doublings of Lawyers he caused the pleas which were before in French to be made in English a necessary Law saith Speed if it had been as carefully observed especially if he had ordered saith he that the same should not have been written in French That the Subject might understand the Law by which he holds what he hath and is to know what he doth But all this is not for nothing for as he imparted grace unto his people saith the same Auther for so all acts of Justice are termed wh●n granted by Kings so he took a care to replenish his own purse by it that the poor Commons obtain not any thing which they pay not too dearly for Here ends the Life of the best reputed Prince and yet you see wherein his excellency lay the best happiness the people had in his raign was that they had more engagements for their liberties with more cost and the remembrances and sense of the goodness of them more fresh and sweet by the often repetition of them but for execution or addition to them they were as far to seek as in former times And if it do possibly happen that in one Kings raign either through the goodness of his nature or rather want of advantages there be an intermission of oppressions for that is the utmost to be expected yet the next King will be sure to make it up and if they give the people a little breath it s but that they may sow for the next to reap or as they do with men on