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ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A00307	An Epistle, or apologie of a true, and charitable brother of the Reformed Church in fauoure of Protestantes, papistes, & those of the Reformatio[n] for a more moderat course of proceeding in matters of religion by searchinge the Scriptures, & examining theire spirits for the sense, and true meaninge of them by a peaceable conference, & such easy meanes as weare practised in the apostolicall, and primitiue church for plantinge the faith, and rooting out of errour tending to vnitie of religion, loyaltie to the Kings Maiestie, increase of honoure to him & his posteritie, & good of the Commonwealth.		1605 (1605)	STC 10431.5; ESTC S2111	18,209	49

being in company at a dinner vvas cast in M. Iuells dish hence it proceeded that the aunsvveares of the aduersaries the more they vvere forbid the better they were esteemed to the disuniting of many that were most earnest before with M. Iuell in his challenge as the lord Copley so they termid him D. Steeuens others And if it shall please his Maiestie that the said challenge by prosecuted triall made for the truth especially amounge the learned in the publique schooles and vniuersities that not in one pointe only but in all he shall giue greate satisfaction to euey one that in this tyme of so many sects hath care to finde the truth they that haue the truth shal be confirmed such as knowe it not shall more easily find it by such afree search inquisition Gamaliell is noted by Luke for a man of deepe iudgmēt and worthy Doctoure in the lavve of Moises commended much for his politique aduise giuen the high priest body of the Councell to take heede to themselues vvhat they entended to doe touching the Apostles vvho seemed to them to teach a nevve doctrine For. sayed he If this counsell or this worke be of men it will come to naught but if it be of God ye cannot destroy it least ye be found euen fighters against God And in this kinde he gaue certaine instances in Theodas Iudas of Galiley For as the truth cannot be ouercome so errours and haeresies cannor long stand but vvil at length of them selues perish it is certaine that heresies vvhich arise amoung Christians are as Augustine vvd noteth like the little brookes vvhich by greate shovvers svvel vp for a tyme so mightily as they seeme to be greate riuers runne vvith such violence that they beare avvay or shake very mayne foundations To passe ouer these torrents in theire pride it vvere too dangerous rash an attempt to seeke to hinder theire current vvere no les folly In patience these vvaters are vvith pleasure seene to fall because they proceede not from any trevve spring as Riuers doe So fareth it vvith al heresies teachers of erroure They destroy themselues at length though no force for the tyme can tame them the reason vvhereof is truly deliuerd by Christe in those vvordes Eueri plant which my heauenly father hath not planted shal be rooted vp By this then you see that violence is not the best means to plant or conserue the truth nor to destroy errour I coulde therefore vvish that an easier hand vvere caryed tovvards all of vvhat Religion soeuer and the rest left to God vvho knovveth best the season and meanes to compasse that vvich may be most for his glorie And if forrine examples may persuade aught we see how the French Kinge although he be nowe no more of the Reformed Religion findeth himselfe bound in common humanitie not to persecute them of the Religion because he found them allwaies faithfull vnto him ready to maintaine his title to the croune If this course of proceeding be esteemed honorable in him howe can any man iustly dislike that our king should mainteine in theire estate and dignity such of this realme of England as notwithstanding diuersitie of Religion vvere allvvaies ready to make good his Right and vvhen tyme serued receiued him vvith all ioy and gladnes And if for the faulte of a feavve the vvholle number vvere to be condemned our partie might exspect but smalle fauoure at his Maiesties hand amoung vvhom some haue bene found more forvvard against him then amoung them as may appeare by the late conspiracie wherein theire erroure was rather to chainge some proceedings then the King besides that the daunger thereof vvas by some of the Papists first discouered to the state And novve that this milde dealing is sufficiently proued not to be contrary to the vvorde let vs see a while vvhat course is best in humaine and ciuill policie The vvisest Princes greatest statesmen indure vvithin theire dominions in the case proposed diuers sects and sortes of Religion contrary to theire ovvne Let vs behold the experience as vvel of those that indure them as of those that haue bent theire sorces by violence to roote them out as first for example our late Queene vvas not of her self enclyned to force or constrayne the consciences of the Papists her subiects and vvith that moderat course vvhich she held in the beginning of her raigne she gained the generall good liking of all partes and liued in greate securitie of her personne But vvhen she vvas once dravvne by men of violent spirits to roote them out by losse of fortunes liberty life she found by experience that the more they vvere afflicted the more theire numbers daily increased her selfe put often in feare as vvel of insurrections at home as inuasions from abroade vnder coloure of relieuing men so grieuously oppressed The greatest force that euer she vsed to roote them out vvas about the yeare of our lord 1581. inquirie being made in the yeare follovving of the number of Recusants they vvere found by the bills of Sir Ovven Hopton then Lieuetenant of the Tovvre others in commission to haue increased in the circuite of that yeare ten for one She assaied an other vvay by banishment of some losse of good life of others yet left she at her death more papistes then vvhen she first began those violent courses besides huge numbers of close papists and theire vvell vvillers amoung vvhich are many of high calling vvho in reguard that it concerneth theire soules euerlasting life could not liue but vvith a most fearefull disgust The vvarres also vvhich haue bene cōtinued in Ireland against Oneale Desmound and Tirone haue bene tedious blooddy coastly all which might haue bene auoyded with carying a gentle hand ouer them suffering them according to theire religion vvhich notwithstanding is so firmely grounded in theire hartes as very fewe persons of marke doe at this tyme embrace the liberty of the gospell besides that the contrey hath bene in hazard to be lost planted vvith a potent enemye You will perhaps reply that in Scotland our brethren had better successe vvhen they tooke armes in the daies of his Maiesties mother for the spreading of the gospel yet you must confesse that it vvas but small discretion to set all vpon the vncertainty of a battaile Many like violent attempts haue bene practized in that Realme through zeale of Religion but by clemencie and moderation his Maiesty hath not only escaped the daungers but also made himselfe a peaceable master lord ouer them all imitating heerein that most renounced French king Henry 3. who perceiuing the fire of Ciuill warres to kindle betwene the king of Nauarre who was of the Religion the house of Loraine would breake neither with the one nor the other but fauoured them both so farre as in the end he made himselfe peaceably head of them both vvho afterwards vvholly depended

AN EPISTLE OR APOLOGIE OF A TRVE AND CHARITABLE brother of the Reformed Church in fauours of Protestantes Papistes those of the Reformatiō for a more moderat course of proceeding in matters of Religion by searchinge the scriptures examining theire Spirits for the sense and true meaninge of them by a peaceable conference such easy meanes as weare practised in the Apostolicall and Primitiue Church for plantinge the faith and rooting out of errour tending to vnitie of Religion loyaltie to the kings Maiestie increase of honoure to him his posteritie good of the Commonwealth VVOrshipfull and my louing brother in the lord I haue receiued your louing aduertisements by writinge and I honoure you the more as well for that I see theareby your sinceare affection continued towards me 〈◊〉 also for your singular zeale euer to maintaine the gospell In which respects 〈◊〉 take in good parte your seuere reprehension and distast of the aduise I lately 〈◊〉 for a milder course in matters of Religion then hath bene for many yeares in this Realme folowed Wheareas you protest to remaine still my frend notwithstanding our difference in opinion touching this pointe therein appeareth your well grounded affection loue towards me and I could wish that all our brethren would keepe the same course of charitie towards all men howsoeuer they differ from vs in sense or opinion So should we beare the marke of true Religion and by this badge be knowen to be Christs disciples if we loue our Enimies Christ commaunded vs to loue our neighboure and declared as you knowe that the Samaritan was neighboure to the Iewe and thearefore not to be excluded from his loue howebeit otherwise he could not communicat with him in diuine affaires Your zeale is commendable in that you say with Paule Vtinam abscindantur qui v●● conturbant for with him you may so pray that they which withstand hinder the course of the gospell weare cutt of and rooted out But in that you wish them to be cutt of by the sword and I contrary wise by the force of gods word in this our opinions are different Wherefore my drift is in this Apoligie and defence first to set doune plainely my opinion and then to lay open the reasons that moued me theareto And so to come to the matter I wish with you and pray as Christe himself did that all the Kings Maiesties subiects may be made one in Christe to acknowledge all one god to embrace all one faith to liue vnder the rules of one lawe and so to agree if it may be in will and affection that we may be all Cor vnum anima vna One hart and one soule and this we both agree to be best not only in reguard of the soules health and eternal saluation but also for the ciuill policie and temporall gouernement of his Maiesties Dominions For whosoeuer would wish or seeke to nourish diuision in any sorte as he cannot be of god so is he not to be accompted a good gouernour or right politician In our last assembly at London it was our praier as you may well remember that the Kings Maiestie exalted to so greate a Monarchie and gouernment of so many kingdomes diversly sorted and affected in religion might haue that gracious vertue of the Adamant stone to drawe vnto him and winne to vnity in faith the people of diuers nations so committed to his charge For who of vs al doth not desire from his hart that the Protestants and Papists of England which are many in number the Papistes of Ireland where there are fewe or none other and the Nobility of Scotland of the which no small number inclyne that way would come with vs to the pure light of the gospell to our reformed Churches You remember the Profession of faith which to this intent and purpose we procured to be set foorth in print at his Maiesties first ingresse into this Realme but it preuailed not and had it not bene the respect was borne his Maiestie it had bene controuled as it was misliked both by the protestant papist And since that to further aduance our cause and to proceede in the same purpose we haue in peaceable manner donne what in vs lieth Let vs holde on the same moderat course and striue to preuaile not by the temporall sword of his Maiesties power but endeuoure to ouercome by the eternall sword of gods holly word Which though it be sweete and not violent yet is it a two edged svvord that cutteth on euery side and pierceth more dieply to winne the hart of man and alter his vnderstanding for planting the gospell then any humane force whatsoeuer I agree further with you that as it is a pointe of good husbandrie to weede the Corne-fielde before the weedes haue ouergrowen the corne so likewise may his Maiestie emploie his temporal sword that no Cockle be sowen or rise in the field of the lords Church vnder his protection and that such as begin to spring vp may be times be cutt of In matutino interficiebam omnes peccatores terrae So did that holly king Dauid pleased god highly theare with Thus much your arguments doe proue sufficiently For in this sense the kinge beareth the sworde to destroy all sinne sinners in matutino that is to say betimes while sinne sinfull erroures are newly budding may be cutt of without hurte and damage to the state of the good and faithfull And it is our part to be watchfull to discouer them betimes least if we sleepe too long they spring soe high and spreade so far that whosoeuer shoulde then attempt to pull them vp should destroy much corne withall doe more harme then good This then is the pointe whearein we iarre You thinke it needefull that the k. Maiestie proceede to authorize and establish our religion by the sworde to represse all other sects by seueritie of lawes such as weare practized in the daies of the late Queene against vs and against the Papists And I contrariwise am of opinion that such lawes and seueritie are in our case vnprofitable and will hurt rather then helpe the aduancement of our cause and I take this my aduise to be better grounded then yours in the written worde to approach neerer to the wisedome and course of gods diuine prouidence to be more conformable to Christian humanitie to beseeme better our prince for the assurance of his estate and the aduancement of his noble yssue and finally to agree best with true ciuill policie for the sweete peace rest and repose of this our Republique and increase thereof as shall appeare by the experience we haue seene with our owne eyes in these our daies as well in his Maiesties Dominions as in all Nations round about vs. That we haue slept too long all writers agree that for many hundred yeares for who of vs doth not see that the weedes haue ouergrowen the good corne taken so deepe roote

and so far spred that amoungst his Maiesties subiects there are two for one of a contrary faith and opposite to ours and that not in ceremonies only for then we neede not sturre so much as we haue donne but in substantiall points of faith yea as vve esteeme in damnable erroures which we haue notified in our bookes as vvell against D. Whitguift and other Protestants as against the Papists To destroy all these that are in faith opposite vnto vs were ouermuch crueltie to compell them ro an externall worship against their conscience were no les dangerous and damnable for vs then for them to impouerish them by statute Iawes were to impouerish our selues being so lincked to them as many waies we are yea it were a greate weakening to the whole body of the estate to the detriment of our soueraigne Prince of the Common wealth for the wealth of the subiect is the treasure of the king the multitude of his people is his strenght and glory Gloris Regis multitudo populorum These be the grounds that haue moued me to approue and persvvade a more temperat course in matters of Religion of vvhich opinion though I haue not alwaies bene you as you suppose note to my shame yet I holde it not ignominius to chainge for the better vppon these others so graue considerations as in this treatise I shal sett doune for your and others satisfaction Saul when he stoned Stephan and the other Martyres had zeale but vvithout knowledge so had I while I was of your opinion confesse with Paul Sapiebam vt paruulus my vndiscreete zeale blinded my vnderstanding and in my iudgement there wanted ripenes maturitie As you doe nowe so did I then storme within my self to see his Maiestie ruled by the Protestants not only in those Papisticall ceremonies of his coronation vnction but also in the whole course and practize of the Communion Booke and administration of sacraments that he should leaue the wholle state of the Church of England in the same sorte as he found it take vpon him the title of supremacie in matters of Religion a pointe highly blamed in kinge Henry 8. by Master Caluin vvho vvithout al controuersie vvas one of the chiefest instruments of the gospell therefor neuer as yet receiued by any of our reformed Churches At his Maiesties first comming to the Croune vve exspected nothing lesse then this suddaine calme tovvards the Papistes They liue in peace and pay no more the Statute and that by commaundement from the kinge Some that lost theire lands countrey are novve restored to both with grace vvhich made me vvonder at the first inter into due cōsideration of the fact when conferring vvith some of knovven vvisedome and zeale I vnderstoode that the Marques Rosne Lord tresurer of Fraunce sent hethet as Embassadoure did amoungst other pointes very mainly persuade his Maiesty not to force any of his subiects in the busines of Religion himselfe being as you knovve a very good Christian And farther vnderstanding hovv quietly our breethren in Fraunce liue togeither vvith the Papists vnder lavves prouided for that purpose I finde that this Nobleman hath dealt honourably vvith his Maiesty giuen the same aduise by vvhich the K. his Master vvonne Fraunce established his Croune in peace Let vs then examine vvhether this aduise agree with the word may stand vvith the true zeale of the gospell It seemeth to me that vvithout al reply the case is already ouer ruled resolued by Christs expresse sentence Matth. 12. In the parable of the see desman vvho sovveed good seede in his fielde none but true doctrine but vvhilest men were a sleepe the enemy of truth came and ouersovved the Cockle of erroure his seruants had slept so long that the blade shot vp and ouertopt the vvheate before it vvas espied the zealouse ministers of the truth avvaking seeing the fielde in this case offered to goe roote out the tares Vis imus colligimus ea say they This is the question betvveene vs. Your aunsvveare vvould haue bene to those labourers in the lords haruest Goe pull them vp by the rootes but the lords aunsvveare vvas far othervvise Let them alone saith he let them grovve togeither vntill the haruest Sinite vtraque crescere vsque ad messem Which by his ovvne interpretation is the end of the vvorlde he giueth this reason thereof Least in pulling vp the Cockle ye roote vp also the vvheate If Christe vvill haue it thus vvhy doe you blame my aduise that a Christian kinge should doe the same rather then vse the svvord of force violence vpon any the like occasions The reason that our Sauiour alledgeth is in our case most pregnant vveighty For vvhereas in all his Maiesties Dominions men of all Religions are so lincked togeither vvith vs in blood alliance frendship othervvise that in pulling vp the one roote the other combined therevvith must necessarily folovve or take some harme in vvishing his Maiestie to take that course of violence vve sholde not only vvound many that are neere vnto vs but also greatly preiudise our selues as hath appeared by the attempt to roote out the Papistes in the late Queenes daies vvhen many of our ovvne brethren vvere brought vvith them to extreame calamity The father being a Papist vvas throvven out of his house and spoiled of all his goods his vvife children vndonne pressed with miserie although they weare most zealous in the lord and we that had matched in theire families were by these meanes defraunded of our expected snccession to their goods and liuinges When for the same cause any one of calling lost his life or his goods or otherwise vvas but in disgrace did not all such loose theire support as vvere lincked vnto him or depended vpon him for theire seruice and aduancement vvhereof greate numbers vvere no vveedes but very good Corne VVherefore I cannot like the reuiuing of such a course againe sith as you see it proceeedeth not from the spirit of our Sauiour but rather from passion or at the least from vndiscreete zeale The vveedes I confesse doe hinder the grovvth of the good corne and are there vvith no lesse damage then vvas the fruteles figtree in the viniard of the lord and yet the lord of the viniard vvas easily intreated to deale not by threatnings to cutt it doune but rather to digge about it and to dung it in hope of fruite theareafter Luc. 13. Haue vve not seene many such trees chainged vvith time ad patience VVhat a losse had it bene then to haue cutt them of in theire vnfruteful season vve should rather in the spirit of meekenes hartely pray for theire conuersion and intreate delay of theire confusion vvere they as sinfull as Sodome that so doing vve might be knovven to be the true seed of faithfull Abraham If you say the trees in question are not oly fruitles but hurtfull in the viniard and

and soldiours did sacrifice to the Idolls others standing constant in the faith wherein they were baptized woulde neither chaing in hart nor yet in outward showe seeme other then true faithfull Christianes The wisedome of this Constantius though then a Pagan was such as he iudged those Christians that denied theire faith by this outwarde acte of Idolatry most vnworthy to serue him who of abase seruile feare had forsaken the god they serued but cherished and highly honoured the other as men that by theire Religion had learned to be faithfull to whomsoeuer they had giuen theire trothe This pointe of so deepe consideration in a Pagan seemeth admirable as it is exceeding comfortable to vs all to see howe the lord hath giuen the like me asure of vnder standing to our king who amoung many instructions giuen the Prince his sonne obserued the same ground for triall of his subiects confessed himself that he neuer found any more faithfull to him in all his distresses then such as had bene faithfull to the Queene his mother who were not all you knowe of his Religion Howe certaine a triall this is to discerne loyall harts he will easily perceiue that looketh into the state of our dayes wheerein as we see more sects and more inconstancie in beliefe then in any other age since Christe so withall we finde lesse fidelitie in frendes lesse trust in seruants more dissembling in all states then euer heeretofore was heard or practized In the later daies saith Christe many shall fall a way from the faith and thinke you that in those daies he shall finde faith fidelitie of one man to an other In the same measure that faith is broken toward god in heauen it will breake faile assuredly towards man in earth In matter of faith saieth Paul the hart and tōngue shoulde agree togeither Corde creditur ad iusticiam ore autem confessio fit ad salutem And shall we aduise our Prince who hath bene so vvell brought vp in the schoole of gods vvorde to vse such meanes vvith his subiects in matters of theire faith as may seperate theire outward behauioure from theire inward conscience or teach them to be disloyall to himself by forceinge them to be false to god in theire Religion By violence of lawes he may make many dissemble theire faith with repining hart grudge of minde to theire assured damnation because therein they sinne against theire owne cōsciences yet sure it is that as no man can alter his opinion as he list or at his pleasure so force can neuer chainge his faith vntill his groundes argumētes shall be by better reasons conuinced The Princes securitie greatest force lieth in the faithfull hartes of his subiectes the hart or affection of man is neuer wonne by violence if we will bring all to the course of the Primitiue Church we must note that then no violence was vsed to establish the gospell The scriptures vveare searched but the interpretations vvere not restrained as you may see 1. Cor. 14. shall we nowe stop mens mouthes and tye them with statute lawes to the iudgement of afeawe and make theire opinions as a Popish Decree that too before due examination triall In the Primitiue Church the are arose a controuersie whether the lawe of Moises were still to be obserued togeither with the lawe of Christe for appeasing whereof the Iewes tooke one way not much vnlike to yours the Apostles an other way such as I nowe persuade The course of the Apostles was conuenerunt Apostols seniores the learned in both lawes held a councell and conference and resolued the question to the contentment of all the Christians which were before of different opinion in the matter This course was then taken because Christe promised to be where Christians in his name should thus assemble conferre togeither to finde out the truth the Christians from that time in like case haue taken the same course Pastors and Bushops of the whole worlde were called togeither in the first councell of Nice where that blasphemous Arrius who denied Christe to be god vvas yet inuited to the triall of his doctrine and vvas heard vvhat he could say for defence thereof so from age to age as heresies haue risen in the Churche like course of conference hath bene taken to confirmethe faithfull conuerte the misbeleeuers euen vntill these late daies as appeareth by those conferences vvhich haue bene in Germanie not only amoung the Papistes but also amoung the follovvers of those notable reformers M. Luther M. Caluin by reason of the diuersities of theire opinions in matters of faith The Ievves thought by vvhippes threatninges to stop the mouths of Christes disciples that they should not persvvade nor speake in the name of lesus but the more they vvere forbid the more they spake as it hath also fallen out amoung vs of late yeares in England Such Conslitutions therefore in my opinion are not conuenient as for my selfe as I doe not misdoubt the truth of my beleefe or feare any conference or disputation vvith any contrarie secte so am I not vvedded in such sorte to myne owne sense that I altogeither disdaigne other mens iudgements in the true meaninge of the scriptures especially of those most auncient therefore most reuerend assemblies from all coastes of the earth vvhere Christians liued which being neere to the time of the Apostles coulde not but giue great light what doctrine the Apostles had taught in those contreyes and in what sense the scriptures were deliuered In this sorte did M. Iuell Openly at Paules Crosse confidently challenge the Papistes in case that they should disagree from him in the sense interpretation of the scriptures he was content to referre himselfe to the vniforme faith of the fathers in the firste six hundred yeares For it was not likely ouerthrowen or that any but the Apostles coulde haue that priuiledge to plant Christian doctrine in all nationes of the earth as noteth Tertullian lib. de prascriptionibus This Challenge of M. Iuells vvas accepted by his aduersaries and many a good soule that had care of saluation and desire of the truth vvas much edified thereby hoping that by this meanes the truth vvoulde come to light and vvhich vvere the primatiue faith and doctrine of the Apostles be easily discerned And vvhen some violent heades persuaded that M. Iuells challenge shoulde proceede no further but that the ansvveares of his aduersaries should be be proclamation repressed many began to stagger and thinke that the truth was rather on theire side for othervvise sayd they vvhy should not the aunsvveares be seene and read especially vvheare M. Iuells replies vvere rife in euery mans hands For most certaine it is that the truth feareth no triall flieth not the open pulpits and publique disputations The learned vvriters tooke it then for a disgrace to theire writings to be quitte by proclamation vvhich thing once my selfe