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A35118 The case of swearing, at all, discussed with several objections answered, the primitive practices therein asserted out of several ancient authors : together with several presidents out of the book of martyrs : the inconveniences that follows the present practice of swearing, which might easily be prevented by a law to punish false witnesse-bearing, and lying as well as other evils : also, a word to all people that are zealous for the commands of Christ, recorded in the Scripture / by a friend of truth and righteousness, John Crook. Crook, John, 1617-1699. 1660 (1660) Wing C7197; ESTC R5532 23,258 32

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restimony which would not be gratined if so be that witnesses were to prove the thing or that a ●an deliver his knowledge of such things without an Oath otherwise how can the Magistrate be clear from guilt not onely of the Planti●●s swearing but also of his swea●ing maliciously and falsly And also the same temptation is in an Indictment which one Party waiting to do his neighbour a mischief may swear to and the Indictment upon that Oath must be found and that in the absence of him that is indicted as before hath been said and this Indictment sworn to by a malicious man shall be the foundation to take away his life if the Crime be of that nature So that here also is another mischief whereby the lusts of wicked men are gratified with other cases of the like nature which might be instanced Thirdly The inconveniences that follows those that cannot swear at all for conscience sake whereby many are made uncapable of being made Free of Cities and Corportations and others are made un●apable of being serviceable in the Common-wealth in any place or office of trust and others also are made unserviceable as to give their testimony and evidence in cases of difference between man and man besides many who in divers cases loses the benefit of the Law of the Nation because that they cannot swear and so by that means suffer the spoiling of their goods and ungodly men make a prey upon them knowing they cannot swear at all which thing might be prevented if according to the righteous Law of God all things were established out of the mouth of two or three Witnesses and those that bore false witness to be punished as he should have been against whom they have witnessed if their testimony had been true which Law is equal and just Fourthly This NATION which now mourns because of Oaths might be preserved from the Wrath and Indignation of God that hangs over this Nation not onely because of those that command men to swear contrary to Christs Command and that for to establish cruelty and injustice but also because of those that swear falsly and that against their knowledge for their own profit and disadvantage of others to accomplish their wicked malicious and revengeful designs against the innocent who dare not swear at all and thereby are made a prey to the teeths of the Wolves and to the wills of corrupt men who take occasion as it were to plough furrows upon the back of the poor and to oppress the needy for which thing sake the Wrath of God shall be poured out upon the head of the wicked and the Nations shall be on heaps and the wise men shall be turned backward and their table shall be a snare and the curse shall be upon the rebellious and they shall fall and be broken and rise no more And this may justly befall this Nation because of Oaths and because of oppression Now follows a word of Advice to all those who say the Scripture is their rule and are zealous for the things contained therein c. NOw all you that are seeking the Kingdom of Heaven in outward observations by which it comes not and are taking up practises by imitation from Commands laid down in the letter Let me demand of you Do you not finde this Command to proceed out of the mouth of Christ viz. But I say unto you swear not at all And do not you finde the Apostle James abiding in this Doctrine and hath it no room in your hearts hath the traditions of your Fathers made it void to you o● is it because it cannot be practised without reproach Fines and Imprisonment and so will cost you something which you cannot tell how to undergo or part with you having not received the gift to suffer for his Names sake or is your spirit different from Davids who would not offer an offering to the Lord his ●od of that which cost him nothing in the fear of the Lord God of heaven and earth I beseech you consider is there not a Vail over your hearts untaken away to this day that you cannot see nor understand this to be a Command of Christs with divers others as plainly and as fully laid down in the letter as those you contend so much for And may you not be as justly numbred amongst those that make their boast of the Law and yet through breaking of the Law dishonour God Do ye think that the Lord will not arise to Judgement and make you know that he is the Lord and that you have not walked in his Statutes neither executed his Judgements but have done after the manner of the Heathen that are round about whose wayes Israel was not to learn for their Customes were vain Jeremiah 10.23 Ezekiel 11.12 And upon a true and thorough search when the hidden things of Esau shall be searched out will you not be found walking in the way of the Heathen speaking their unclean words contrary to the language of the Scripture and following their customes which are vain in respecting of mens persons which the Apostle James sayes James 2.9 10. whoever do commits sin and are convinced of the Law as transgressors For whosoever shall keep the whole Law and yet offend in one point is guilty of all Mark that and think not to cover your selves with saying it is meant of persons in Judgement for here is not a word spoken of Magistrates but the words are general and concerns all that regards Gods Law as appears by the next words viz. For whosoever shall keep the whole and yet offend in one point c. And are not they out of the Faith of our Lord Jesus Christ who respecte persons who sayes How can ye believe while ye receive honour one of another and seeks not the honour that comes from God onely John 5.44 Matthew 22.16 God onely Mark from God onely and he himself practised this Doctrine for he neither received honour from man nor regarded any mans person as his very enemies bore testimony of him that he taught the way of God truly and regarded no mans person But is not this Command also too dear for you Will it not cost you too much to practise Do you not know it will hinder your promotion in the world Are you not more afraid that if you should refuse to respect mens persons and to give slattering titles to men Job 32.21 22. the Goaler would take you away then that your Maker would soon take you away if you did do it and is not this a Command that you should not be conformed to this world Romans 12.2.16 and that you should not conform to men of high degree but condiscend to men of low degree are not these with others the Commands of Christ and are not you too much like the professing Jews herein who had plentifull knowledge of the letter without them but had not his word abiding in them Though they could dispute and reason with Christ and
of one Witness he shall not be put to Death In this case of Life and Death no Oath was used that we read of Deuter. 17.6 And if any false Witn ss did arise he and the party he witnessed against was to stand befo e the Lord and before the Priest and Judges which should be in those dayes and the Judges were to make diligent inquisition And if the Witness be a false Witness and have testified falsly against his Brother then shall ye ●o unto him as he had thought to have done unto his Brother so shall you put away the evil from among you Deut. 1916 17 18. But no swearing is mentioned and if any matter did arise too hard for them in judgement between blood and blood between plea and plea and stroak and stroak being matters of controversie within their gate they were not to swear men to finde it out neither were they to act presumptiously their own passion and wills and then cover it with saying they were Judges of the Law and they judged it so and many things being left to discretion and therefore sayes wilful men in the stoutness of thei hearts If we do what we cannot answer take your course against us And thus presumptiously do they act their own wills upon the innocent but Israel was not to do so but in cases too hard for them in judgement they were to arise and go up to the place which the Lo d God should choose and they were to come to the Priest and Levite and unto the Judges which should be in those dayes and enquire and they were to shew the Sentence of Judgement and they were to do according to the Sentence which they of the place which the Lord should choose should shew therein And thou shalt observe to do according to all that they shall inform thee c. And the man that will do presumptiously and will not hearken to the Priests that stands up there to minister before the Lord thy God or unto the Judges even that man shall die and thou shalt put away the evil from Israel Deut. 17.8 9 10 11 12. This was Gods Law to Israel that the Presumptious that would not wait upon the Lord to receive a Law where there was none should be put to death Was it an offence of old to act presumptiously And is it not now a crime worthy to be taken notice of by the chief in power in these dayes Or are there none that have done presumptiously in casting innocent people into prison when they have done no offence nor broken no known Law except it is become an offence to wait upon the Lord and to pray unto him for which cause and none other the innocent have been cast into prison by the presumptious and self-willed men who when they had no Law have acted in their wills contrary to ●●w let su●h remember that by Gods Law they that would not wait upon the Lord for a Law but would act presumptiously without a Law were to be put to death Objection That by not swearing at all we are to understand by any creature and not by God the Creator for they were commanded to swear by God Thou shalt swear by the Lord as in Deut. 10. c. Answer That according to Christs own words Swear not at all without any exception as before hath been proved and is expounded in the large Bible in Quarto in the Margent on Matthew 5.37 in these words VVhatsoever you vouch vouch it barely and whatsoever you deny deny it barely without any more words for whatsoever is more then these comes of the Devil And also in the sa●e book it is said on James 5.12 That what you have to say or affirm speak or affirm it simply and without any Oath and that that you will deny deny simply and flatly And again this Objection is more fully answered in Matthew 23.21 22. VVhosoever swears by the Temple swears by it and by him that dwells therein and whosoever swears by heaven swea s by the Throne of God and him that sits thereon So that he that swears by the creature shall not be exempted by the Creator from prophaning his name for now it is said Swear not at all Again it is objected by the former Objectors who sayes all proceedings at Law depends upon swearing that if we should take every mans word when they are called to give their testimony in all cases it might be of dangerous consequence both to mens lives liberties and estates c. To which it is answered That if the same Law or a stricter were made against lying and bearing false witness in all cases as against mens swearing false swearing or for-swearing themselves and that Law t●ul and constantly executed without respect of persons it would then be of no more danger to believe a mans yea or nay to the questions that are asked him by the Magistrate whatever they be then if they had kissed the book or used any other posture with the hand or spoken never so many words his affirming or denying to the case in question being his testimony I say the truth of these mens testimonies may as easily plainly and fully be discerned and punished according to the Law in that case provided if it be false as if the had used never so many words or postures as aforesaid a d therefore mens lives liberties and estates may every way be as well secured by a Law provided to punish lying and bea ing false witness as by any Law that is made or can be made to punish swearing or false-swearing so called Again as to the present state of things because there is no Law in being as some say to punish lying therefore we must swear c. What Law is there to force men to swear or to punish those that swear falsly or against their knowledge to their Answers to Bills in Chancery and Chequor And is it not common and ordinary for men so to do If there be a Law why is it not put in execution or doth Custome make swearing falsly and against a mans knowledge no offence and a mans speaking truly without swearing an offence punishable with imprisonment Who hath given this authority to Custome Let Equity answer But of this more may be spoken afterward in its place Objection That an Oath is a solemn thing and that when people are called before a Magistrate to swear there is an awe upon them and therefore those that are wicked and Lyars c. are afraid to forswear themselves when called before a Magistrate This Objection is for what answered in the preceding Objection But further it is answered That the fear upon People when they come to swear is either the fear of God which is good or some other fear which is evill as the fear of man only and his punishment this last fear is not to be feared by those that fear the Lord Fear ye not their fear but fear him that can destroy
both soul a●d bo●y and this fear is pure and keeps the heart clean whereby ●od is seen and deceit and guile is kept out a ditruth is spoken in all cases and he that abides in the fear of the Lord stands in awe and sins nor and is kept not only from wearing but lying also but he that onely fears man and his punishment when he comes to know and understand that there is as great or greater punishment to be inflicted upon him for his lying as for his false swearing or forswearing himself or bearing false witness then he also will stand in as much fear of a Lye as of an Oath or th●t which is called so besides it is commonly seen by experience that those who care not what they speak matters not much what they swear if so be they can but keep from the punishment of the Law but it is not so with the Righteous for the fear of the Lord makes them sober and solid and their words to be few and savoury seasoned with truth but those that fear man and his displeasure and punishment only when they know the same Law to be in force again lying as against swearing or swearing falsly they will then be as solemn and as afraid to lye as now to forswear themselves It is objected by others who say the Scripture is their rule that the holy men in old time did swear as we may read under the Law as Abraham sware and David and Solomon to all which it is said Christ is the end of the Law and he who is the Oath of God by whom God speaks in these last dayes sayes Swear not at all and he that is greater then Solomon whose day Abraham saw but he himself is now come and sayes Swear not at all and he who is Davids Lord sayes Swear not at all who is the end of the Prophets the everlasting High-Priest and Covenant of God the summe and substance of all the things the Law was but a shadow of Who is the Truth the Life and the Way to the Father and teaches all his followers to speak truth to their neighbour and to walk in the truth which makes free from swearing at all notwithstanding the traditions of their Fathers in the flesh or the practises of strifeful men for by Christ the Truth they are taught to speak truth and not to fear them that can but kill the body but to fear him that can cast both soul and body into hell which fear he hath placed in their hearts that they might not depart from him but abide in his Doctrine which sayes Swear not all It is further objected by some that the Angel sware in the Revelations and that Paul sware as may be read in his Epistles in saying I protest before God and in often saying I call the Lord God to Witness which is said to be an Oath c. To the first that the Angel sware it is said Let all the Angels worship him Who hath said Swear not at all And to that that Paul protested before God it is the intrusion of the Translator it being neither in the Greek Copies nor Latine nor some English Copies To the second That he calls God to Witness that is no Oath but onely an earnest attestation an Oath being that whereby by something is sworn by as Israel was to swear by the Name of the Lord and calling God to witness or saying God is my Witness is no more then to say I speak in Gods presence or before him who knowes the hearts and thoughts of all men and is no formal Oath as it is called or commonly used in opposition to a plain and earnest expression of a mans mind Again it is objected that not to swear at all is only Evangelical counsel and not an absolute prohibition of all swearing in all cases though it be said Swear not at all so it is said Thou shalt not kill and yet in some cases it is lawfull to kill Answer That forbidding to swear at all is no where in Scripture called Evangelical Counsel but such an Absolute and Positive Command and backed with the Apostles Doct●ine that I know not any Command fuller in the Scripture of truth And whereas it is said That to kill is a prohibition and yet in some cases allowable yet it is no where so said of swearing in the New Testament or since the time of its prohibition that it is lawful in any case to swear neither was it practised in the first ages of the true Church as may a●pear hereafter in its proper place under the head of Presidents of them who denyed swearing and though it be lawful in some cases to kill though it be said Thou shalt not kill yet ●t is no where said it is lawful to swear in any case as aforesaid but on the contrary Wo be unto them that brings a Christian to such a necessity that he must swear as woe attends them that necessitates a Christian to kill Now follows several Presidents or Examples both out of Holy W●it and Antient Authors of the best repute among them that are called learned FIrst in the Scripture of truth in the Old Testament where in the several cases wherein swearing was used is recorded as Gen. 24.3 Exod. 22.11 Numb 5.21 Levit. 19.12 Deuter. 6.13 and 10.20 Jeremy 12.16 Amos 8.14 Zepha 1.5 these being the particular cases and occasions wherein swea●ing is mentioned where the Reader may observe at his leasure the cases in which swearing is used and the ground and cause and end of it but neither was the Judges nor Rulers nor Prophets nor Priests nor Kings nor any other Officer that we read of constituted or made by an oath as necessary to let him into his work or office or place or imployment or that without which he could not so officiate or be imployed but on the contrary an oath was not so much as tendered to them or required at their hands neither in the greatest accidents or cases that fell out in Israel was it to be determined by those which were sworn or took an oath except before excepted in the case of goods committed to his Neighbour to keep c. Exodus 22.11 and the woman in case of Adultery Numb 5.21 who was to purge her self by an oath and so was determined by a signal and eminent judgment upon her but in all other cases as in particular between stroak and stroak and plea and plea and in cases of greatest moment as of life and death they were all to be determined without an oath and the false witness on either side was to be punished according to the appointment of the Law And in the New Testament by Christ the great Prophet and High-Priest of our profession it is so fully and absolutely forbidden and bound up with this word Not at all that nothing is plainer either in the Old or New Testament and this continued in and preached by his Apostles particularly by James
who gives this the preheminence in a peculiar manner above all other things that those whom he wrote to should be carefull to keep and observe saying Above all things my Brethren swear not neither by Heaven nor Earth nor any other oath which is an absolute negative exclusion of all swearing in all cases And Eusebius an Antient Writer of no mean esteem among the learned writes in his sixth book Chapter 4 page 98. about the year 200. that Basilides a Souldier unto wh●m the Virgin Potamioena was committed as one appointed for Marty●dome But not long after the same Basilides being required by his fellow-souldiers to swear upon some occasion that fell out affirmed plainly it was not lawful for him to swear for he said he was a Christian and that he would in very deed protest the same who afterward was beheaded as a Martyr And of the Waldenses of whom the first Book of Martyrs makes much mention and are said by some immediately to succeed the Apostles and were dispersed into most parts of the world and to be the most antient and true Protestants as may be seen by what Fox records of them in the Book of Martyrs and this they maintained among other things that all manner of swearing was unlawfull as may appear by Parsons Sanders ●occius and others and by Bishop U●her a late Writer and a man reputed for learning who hath by way of Apology for the Waldenses in this case of swearing seemed to justifie them therein as in his book De Succes Cap. 6. And the said Usher further sayes in his eighth Chap. quoting some antient Authors that the Waldenses as well as Anabaptists of late did professe it to be no way lawfull for a Christian to swear upon any occasion And Theophil●te upon Matthew 5.37 Sayes that though in the time of the Old Law it was not ev●l to swear but since the coming of Christ it is evil as is Circumcision and in sum whatever is judaical for it may become a Child to suck but not a man And further in the Book of Martyrs 1 Voll page 701. it is charged against William Thorp in his Sermon that he preached at Shrewsbury that it is not lawfull to swear in any case To which he answered he denied to swear by a book as being made up of creatures and quoats Chrysostome in these words who blamed them greatly who brought forth books to swear whether they think a man to swear true or false c. The Arch-bishop and his Clarks scorned this saying of Thorp and the Bishop manaced him with great punishment except he left this opinion of swearing to which Thorp answered it was not his Opinion but the opinion of Christ and of Saint James and of Chrysostome and of other divers Saints and Doctors The Arch-bishop caused to be read this Homily of Chrysostome which the Clark did accordingly until he came to a Clause where Chrysostome sayes That it is sin to swear well c. And again in Fox Voll 1. pa. 527. in the Ploughmans prayer in these words Thou gavest us a Commandment in truth in bidding us say yea yea nay nay and swear for nothing Thou gavest us also a Commandment of meekness and another of poorness but Lord he that cleepeth himself thy Vickar on earth hath both broken these Commandments for he makes a Law to compel men to swear and by his Law he teacheth that a man to save his life may forswear and lye and so Lord through comfort of him and his Law the people ne dreadeth not to swear and to liven ought time to forswear them Lord here is little truth c. Again William Swinderby an Article charged against him that no man owns to swear for any thing but simply without an Oath to affirm or deny and if he swears he sins And those that are conversant in our Law what was the practice in antient time where they testifie that Oaths antiently were not called imprecations but attestations And by the Statute-Law an Act of Parliament made 28 Hen. 8.7 in these words it is said No man of what esta●e degree or condition soever he be hath power to dispence with Gods Law as all the Clergy of this Realm in the said Convocation and most part of all the Universiteis of Christendome and we also do affirm and think c. which makes void all Lawes and practises and customes that are contrary to Christs Law and the Apostles Doct●ine which sayes Swear not at all and above all things my Brethren swear not neither by heaven nor earth nor any other Oath c. And to conclude this head a lively Embleme we have this day practised in England where it is practised that those who are called Noble-men of England are not put to their oaths as it is said in any case but onely their testimony is taken upon their words affirming or denying upon their Honours And is there nothing left among Christians in these our dayes or the people of the Lord that is as dear unto them as an earthly great mans repute and honour in the world is unto him Blush for shame and let it not be told in Gath nor published in Askelon that Christianity is grown out of repute or that a true Christian may not be believed when he speaks in the presence and fear of the Lord although at the same time and in the same case he shall be believed that testifies onely upon his earthly honour And to this Courts Martial may not be an unfit president who proceeds both to the tryal and condemnation of persons without an Oath taken by those that sit as Judges and that upon this ground also because a Souldier is supposed to be so tender of his honour that he will not impeach it by injuring another or advantaging himself So let all these things be put together and what can be more clear then that Oaths or swearing men since the comming of Christ before either they can be capable of office or serving their Countrey or their testimony be received in cases of difference before Courts of Judicature is a Popish Institution and hath no foundation or footing in the Scripture of truth nor in the practise of the Primitive Christians nor hath not been without a testimony against it by some in all ages even down to this day Now follows the severall inconveniences that necessarily follow the imposition of Oaths which might be prevented if swearing were not compelled BEsides all that hath been said do not these inconveniences and mischiefs necessa●ily follow the imposition of Oaths or determining things by swearing c. Is not that which is called an Oath in many cases once taken untraversable As for instance one man having sworn against another positively is not he that is sworn against left without remedy and do not those before whom the oath is taken in some cases take themselves concluded and bound up by that oath without any further examining witnesses on the other
against his Apostles with the word of truth yet Christ tells them plainly his Word was not abiding in them which the Saints had received from Christ whereby they were made clean and by it which dwells richly in them they made melody in their hearts to God and David the Servant of the Lord Psalm 119.6.11 by the word which he had in his heart he was kept from sin against God and thereby had respect to all Gods Commands Now examine your selves and try your own selves whether you be in the Faith and the same Word of Life be in you and whose steps you walk in and whom you are found imitators of whether Abraham who forsook his Country to go to the Land which the Lord had shewed him and Moses steps who chose rather to suffer with the people of God then to enjoy the pleasure of sin for a season or whether you do not walk in the steps of him whom you so often upbraid others with namely Naaman the Assyrian who spoke good words and yet could not forsake his old Master to serve the Lord fully 2 Kings 5.18 But when he went into the house of Rimmon his Master leaning on his hand and he bowed down himself in that thing he would be pardoned Mark In this thing pardon thy Servant he knew it was evil and desired pardon for it and yet when his Master leaned upon his hand he must bow least he should lose his place and gain his Masters displeasure Now examine your selves doth not something let you see that notwithstanding all the Lord hath done for you and all that you have ever tasted or enjoyed from him yet there is this thing or the other thing that you continue in the practise of for one end o● other which you know you should not do and in words you desire pardon for them but you still continue in the same practise your very prayers witnessing against you and like those James 4.3 you are still asking but receive not becauss you ask amiss to spend it upon your Lusts still to continue in your Masters service in conforming to the customes and fashions of the world and in walking after the traditions of your Fathers as in particular in this case of swearing which Christ hath so plainly and sully forbidden and therefore your prayers return as dung in your faces your consciences condemning of you the which if you did regard to keep void of offence both towards God and towards men in the light of Christ you would have confidence towards God and whatsoever you asked of him you would receive because you keep his Commandements and do those things that are pleasing in his sight John 3.22 But now is blindness barrenness and leanness of soul upon you and yet you cry you are rich and you see and have need of nothing and hateth and disputeth against that which letteth you see the things which have need of pardon and so you are loaden with Sin and led away with divers Lusts alwayes learning never able to come to the knowledge of the truth and therefore are not free and in your principles conclude never can be while you are in this world and so by what hath been said you may see your own condition as a man sees his face in a Glass how that you not only respect mens persons preferring one before another but also Christs Commands picking out what you like and what may keep you in the repute of the world and preserve you in the preferment thereof but those that may expose you to hazzard or make you liable to the worlds scorn though as fully and expresly required by Christ of all his followe●s to be kept and observed you let slip and pass by as a thing of nought But be not deceived God will not be mocked for what a man soweth that shall he reap he that soweth to the flesh shall of the flesh reap Corruption And this shall you assure●l● receive at his hand if you repent not of your double min● you shall lye down in sorrow and he shall laugh at your Calamity and mock when your fear comes Now follows some reasons or grounds whereby the Spiritual eye or the man whose understanding is opened may come to see the necessity of the ab●l●shing of swearing since the dayes of Christs coming in the flesh FIrst Because all the things of the Law were but shadows of the good things to come Heb. 12.1 But Christ is the substance of all those types and sha●ows and is come into the world and is manifest in his Saints and true Christians and hath given them an understanding whereby they know him that is true and are in him that is true and he in them and he works all their works for them and in them and teacheth them to speak truth simply without guile or fraud and as he is so are they in this world and believes in him and follows his steps who is the truth and in whose mouth there was found no guile Secondly Because swearing implyes unbelief to be either in the person swearing or in him for whose sake the oath is taken or sworn which is not to be supposed to be in those as predominant or ruling who are Saints or true Christians who are redeemed not only from a vile but a vain conversation also and from the traditions of their Fathers that are not after Christ and from fear and unbelief also and every evil word and way and are called unto holiness and truth and are without fault before the Throne of God which things are found in the new heart that is Gods gift and in the new man that is created after God and renewed in knowledge after the Image of him that created him and so they are come to the end of all oaths and out of fears and doubts and unbelief to have strong consolation through Christ Jesus the way to the Father Thirdly Because herein namely by the abolishing of swearing do the excellency precedency and eminency of the New Covenant exceed the Old for the Old in this was faulty viz. that it made nothing perfect but this New Covenant and better hope doth for in this Covenant all the Children of the Lord are taught of the Lord and great is their peace and out of strife and contention and the use of Oaths are they come into the Covenant of Light and Peace in which they rest with God in the sense of the forgiveness of their fins and the blessedness of their state wherein their iniquity is remembred no more for their Tents are beautifull and their habitations are pleasant And here is Jacob inheriting the blessing in whom God sees no sin and the true Israelites indeed who walks according to the rule and in whom he sees no iniquity but peace is his portion for ever Of what hath been spoken thi● is the sum that Christ hath forbid all manner of swea●●ng in all cases whatsoever and this Doctrine was continued in b● his Apostles and practised by the true Christians in the first ages of the Church and hath been sealed with the blood of Martyrs and borne witness to by some in all ages down to this day and the contrary practise is a Popish Innovation and a Jesuiticall design to keep down the true headship of the Church and to set up him and to keep his Authority afoot wh●m the Lord is a●ising to destroy with the Spirit of his mouth and to consume with the brightness of his coming who hath been and is the cause of so much bloodshed and discord and variance among the Children of men whereb● Self hath kept the Thro●e and Equity and Righteousness hath fallen in the streets and he that departs from iniquity hath made himself a prey and the manner and customes of the Heathen hath been followed even by those who have professed a zeal for Christ and his Commands who while they have been professing of them have made them void by the traditions of men and true Christianity with Saintship by their means is become a reproach and the Name of the Lord hath been Blasphemed among the Heathen because of these things but the ●ord is arising as a Giant refreshed with Wine who hath seen the desolate state of his Spouse and is saying to Son Arise shine thy light is come for the Glo●y of the Lord is risen upon thee shake off the dust from thy feet put on thy beautifull garment for thou shalt be no more termed desolute or forsaken and to the brightness of thy rising shall Nations come and Princes to thy beauty and the glory and the riches of the Nations shall be laid down at thy feet and thou shalt be crowned with renown for ever and the everlasting gates shall be opened and the righteous Nation that keeps the truth shall enter in and none shall be able to make them afraid but the swearers and lyars shall be shut out and this is the Heritage of the Servants of the Lord foreve● But because of swearing and lying and killing and stealing and whoring they break out and blood toucheth blood therefore shall the Land mourn and every one that dwells therein shall be cut off Hosea 4.2.3 From henceforth let no man think it strange that any denies to swear at all but rather wonder that the God of this world should so long have blinded the mindes of them that believe not in the light of the Son of God least by the shining of the light in their hearts they should come to the knowledge of the Glory of God in the Face of Christ and by him should be taught to speak truth without swearing and so he become the Head over all things to the Church who is God over all blessed for evermore Amen THE END