the Earl of Aranda answered the Earl of Venavente in such harsh and bitter tearms that all the Palace and the Grandees of the Court were com almost to daggers drawing So that the King had much to do to pacifie them commanding everie one of them to repair to their own houses and not to stir abroad upon pain of death But his Commands were not fully obeied that time for night beeing com divers of both parties met in the streets and manie of them were sore wounded and questionless the dispute had been more bloudie if the Arch-Bishop had not left his supper and com out with other Noblemen to part them The next daie the King made the Earls of Venavente and Aranda friends which don the Aragoneses were brought to reason and beeing willing to conform themselvs with the Castillians they took the same Oath and acknowleged the King to bee their King and Lord jointly with Donnia Iuana the Queen his mother as had been don in Castillia SECT VIII IN the beginning of the year 1519 the Parlament of Aragon beeing ended the King went to visite his Dominions of Barcelona and would have don the like in the Kingdom of Valencia if his occasions had permitted Beeing at Barcelona news was brought him that Maximilian the â—mperor his Grandfather died at Belsis the 12th of Januarie 1519 whereat hee was not a little troubled all the Court was forthwith put into mourning and his Obsequies celebrated with very great solemnitie according to the honor and greatness of his person who was one of the most virtuous and wel-deserving Emperors that ever had command in Germanie hee was of a most noble and generous disposition pious and valiant The ten first years of his age hee could make no use at all of his tongue insomuch that the Emperor Frederick his father thought hee would bee dumb or a fool But coming to mature years hee gave great evidences of very rich endowments of his soul. Hee died of a Flux in the sixtie third year of his age having governed the Empire twentie five years after his Father 's deceas Francis the First of France stood in competition with Don Carles for the succession to the Imperial Crown and left no waie unattempted to corrupt the Elâ—ctors and make them of his partie But the major part after manie long and serious debates thinking it more fit to continue that Dignitie to the Hous of Austria who were Natives of that Countrie then to transfer it upon a strange Prince made the election in favor of Don Carles King of Spain to the great contentment of all Princes and people of Germamie The Electors of the sacred Empire at that time were Alberto Archbishop of Maguncia or Mâ—ntz Hertnao Archbishop of Colonia Ricardo Archbishop of Trâ—ues Frederico Duke of Saxonia Lewis King of Bohemia and Hungaria Ioachim Marquis of Brandeburg Lewis Count Palatine of the Rhyne The Election beeing past in Franckfort and published all over Germanie the Electors sent Frederick Duke of Baviers into Spain to his Majestie in mean time they ordered all matters concerning the Empire and made Casimire of Brandeburg Captain General of the Imperial forces until the new Emperor should com to receiv his Crown Whilst these things passed in Germanie the King celebrated in Barcelona the feast of the Order of the golden Fleece there the Lord high Counstable of Castillia Don Innigo de Velasco Don Iadrique de Toledo Duke of Alva Don Alvaro de Zunniga Duke of Vejar Don Fadrique Enriquez Lord Admiral of Castilla Don Estavan Alvarez Cesorio Marquis of Astorga received the Order But the Earl of Venavente refused it saying that hee was a right Castillian and cared not for anie badges of foreign honor those of his own Countâ—ie beeing as good and in his opinion far better The Duke of Cordona in the Kingdom of Aâ—agon and the Prince of Bisâ—â—gnano a Neapolitâ—ne stood not upon those nice tearms but accepted the Order as a particular favor from his Majestie About the same time the Queen Germana finding more contentment in the Companie of a Husband then in the solitarie condition of a widow was married with great solemnitie to the Marquis of Brandeburg brother to the Elector who though of a very illustrious extraction was so incomparably inferior to the Majestie and greatness of her former husband Don Fernando that her judgment was much censured for her chois and the Courtiers thought so slightly of her that divers would not give her the style of Highness until his Majestie commanded it who assisted personally at the solemnitie thinking thereby to endeer thâ— Elector of Brandenburg the more to vote in his behalf At the beginning of Julie in the same year arrived at Barcelona Frederick Duke of Baviers brother to Lewis Duke of Baviers Elector and Count Palatine with the dispatches from the Electors and having delivered his embassage the Chancellor Mercurino de Gatinara answered that his Majestie did receiv very willingly the â—lection of the Empire which the seven Princes Electors had conferred upon him that hee would take that weightie and honorable care upon himself out of the great affection which hee bore his native Countrie and that hee would endeavor with all convenient speed to settle his affairs in Spain and make a voiage into Germanie Thus the Empire beeing setled upon Don Carles of Spain and the King of France deprived of all his hopes notwithstanding the vast summs of monie and presents wherewith hee thought to purchase the Elector's Votes his envie and choler grew beyond the bounds of moderation and hee resolved forthwith to act what mischief hee could and interess the power of all other Princes his Allies against the Emperor Elect. SECT IX WHilest the King or Emperor Elect was at Barcelona hee demanded the Catalanes to receiv and acknowledg him their King which they refused for a while neither would they consent that hee should call anie Parlamemt in their Countrie but at last they were perswaded to reason and swore Alleageance to him as Castillia and Aragon had don The Emperor upon notice of his Election and solicitation of the Princes of Germanie for his going hither had not the leisure to visit the Kingdom of Valencia as hee intended therefore hee desired that those of that Kingdom would swear and acknowledg him King without obliging him to bee personally present in regard it was imposslble for him to perform that journie at that time by reason of his new and unexspected occasions which called him another waie But they would not hearken to anie such motion and scornfully made answer that they were as good as Aragoneses or Catalanes and since hee had spent two years time in those Countries why could not hee staie two moneths at Valencia The Emperor beeing readie to depart from Barcelona sent Cardinal Adriano to Valencia to pacifie that Kingdom and gave Commission to the Infante Don Enrique and the Arch-Bishop of
as hee had alreadie begged it before as honorable persons as those that were then present but could not obtain it Speaking these words hee fell upon his knees and kissed his Majestie 's hand The Emperor somwhat moved at Don Pedro's more then bold speeches made this grave replie Don Pedro you are a discreet man I do not think that you would do anie thing that shall oblige meeâ— to punish you for if you should my Justice must answer your offence Don Pedro replied Sir in doing what I saie I do nothing but what I ought and what is just if I do it not my self your Majestie will not see mee righted Those from whom I descended never imbraced the thought of doing anie thing that ought not to be don neither do I intend it That which I said Sir I would do was to seek som remedie for my grievances according to the Laws instituted in this Kingdom and if your meaning is Sir to have me punished for doing what I ought you will see if you do so what you ought to do to your self The Emperor presently answered I think to do you Justice Don Pedro as I told you and I have performed my promise to you You are my King Sir said Don Pedro and I will not answer you That which you promised mee is herein written under your own hand and may soon bee seen and what you concluded in your Council yesterdaie this daie is known sufficiently that said hee produced his paper for evidence Upon these words the Marquis of Villena bid Don Pedro forbear and void the Chamber so Don Pedro went out and the Earl of Venavente and the Lord High Constable with him who came in after this discours began all the other Gentlemen presently followed them and gathering themselvs in a knot together in the Anti-chamber they descanted upon these passages and Don Pedro Giron continued still his fuming with expâ—essions of much discontent and sens of injurie becaus the King had not made good to him what hee had promised him with so much assurance SECT XIII DOn Pedro Giron was no sooner gon out of the Presence but Don Pedro Lasso Don Alonso Suarez advanced to speak to his Majestie beseeching hee would bee pleased to give them audience for they had divers things to impart to his Majestie which did much conduce to his Service The Emperor answered them that hee was upon going as they saw and that hee had not then the time to hear them They replied but chiefly Don Pedro Lasso That it was of so much concernment to his Majestie to hear them that hee would not repent the deferring of his departure for a little while especially the weather beeing as it was very rainie For they would inform his Majestie of manie things wherein were interessed in an extraordinarie manner both His service and the good of the Kingdom The Emperor knowing alreadie the substance of what they came to ask and nothing pleased with their manner of petitioning answered That there was no man in the world more careful and desirous of that which might bee most expedient for the good of his Kingdoms then himself That they should meet him at the next town to Tordesillas in the waie to Santjago and there hee would hear them So they departed his Presence The Emperor beeing very angrie at the importunitie and sauciness of the Toledians and Don Pedro Giron sent presently to call som of his Privie Council to advise touching the apprehending of Don Pedro Giron The Lord High Constable beeing advertised of the Emperor's pleasure came presently to the Palace and with the rest of the Nobles there beeing hee sent to desire Xeures that hee would join with them in taking som cours for the composing of the matter While things were thus in agitation a rumor began to spread amongst the People that their Magistrates had granted what the Emperor did desire that hee was going away and that hee would carrie his Mother out of the Kingdom with him and as the People are apt to believ all they hear this report much troubled them and beeing drunk with passion they ran madding through the streets and here and there making stands after that Countrie fashion they assembled divers circuler consultations saying that it would bee fitting to petition the King not to depart Beeing all up in this confusion without understanding each other's meaning a certain Rope-maker by Nation a Portuguez inhabitant of that Citie seeing that the King was readie to depart and that no bodie would petition him to staie hee got into the steeple of St Michael which is a very ancient Parish in that Citie where hung a great bell commonly called the Counsel-Bell which used to bee rung onely in times of war uproars or upon anie Alarum this bell hee begin's to ring with as much speed as hee could which assoon as the People heard without knowing or examining wherefore all except those that were assembled in the Monasterie of St Paul presently took up arms to the number of about five or six thousand Common People 'T is said their determination was to kill Xeures and all the Flemings and to hinder the Emperor's departure Don Alonso Enriquez Bishop of Osma gave Xeures notice hereof yet hee would not believ him thinking that hee told him so onely to ingratiate himself with him But soon after hearing a great hurlieburlie and the clashing of weapons and asking what the matter was Don Pedro Porto Carero told him Sir it is now no time for you to sit in Council but indeavor to secure your Person for the Common crie of the People is Let Charls the King live but let his ill Counsellors perish neither ought you to think it strange if in their rage they murther you since they consider you as one that carrie's their King from them The People seeing themselvs so numerous manie of them as it appeared would have stop't the Emperor's Journie And this disorder fell out just as the Emperor was in Consultation about the apprehending of Don Pedro Giron but Xeures and the Flemings beeing too well assured of the People's tumultuous furie hastened the Emperor all they could out of Valladolid so hee departed from his Palace in the cruellest rain and thickest skie that had been seen in the memorie of man Which it seeme's was a presage and ill Omen of the miseries and disasters which were afterwards poured upon Castillia and his other Kingdoms The Emperor coming to the gate of the Citie found there som of the rabble they could not all bee so soon there becaus of the extraordinarie foul weather who having seiz'd upon the gates began to shut them and to barricado up the waie but the Emperor's Guards made them suddenly quit their Poste and hee continued on his journie leaving Valladolid full of disorder Som were troubled for what they had don others perplexed that they had seen and suffered such insolencies to bee committed And in regard there was
drew out five thousand men into the field to fight though hee paied dearly for it afterwards The Confederates having lost their respect to the Vice-Roy agreed to lose likewise the fear of God They made a Conspiracie amongst them the result whereof was to rob and take away all the riches of the Monasteries and Churches Which beeing discovered the loial Partie desired Don Rodrigo de Mendosa Marquess of Cenete to take upon him the Autoritie of the Justice for the King which hee did and like a good resolute Gentleman hee hung up three or four of the chief Conspirators and so the robberie which they intended was prevented and the Citie quieted for certain daies But soon after the Confederates marched into the field towards Denia to drive the Vice-Roy out of the Kingdom Ten thousand men in Arms Valencia furnished to that effect The Clergie with their Hoods upon their heads and Crosses in their hands stood all at the gate of San Vicente and as the Confederates passed by them the Priests and Friers said to them Sirs Misericordia Misericordia and they answered swearing Cuerpo de Dios Iusticia Iusticia And indeed God's Justice did abundantly fall upon their heads for the greatest part of those that answered so were either killed in battle or executed by Justice afterwards Iohn Caro and Sorolla were Captains of this Armie The Confederates having the sole power and command of Valencia Iohn Caro was sent with a sufficient force to besiege the Castle of Corbera six leagues from Valencia which while hee was battering with some peeces of Artillerie Don Geronimo Vique who at that time was at a Monasterie of Friers of the order of San Geronimo half a league from the Castle desired to speak with him who overcom with his persuasions and powerful reasons raised his siege Which the Thirteen of the Confederacie hearing took tâ—e Office of Captain General from Iohn Caro and conferred it upon Sorolla By this time the Vice-Roy with some forces which hee had raised was came to Gandia to succor the Castle of Corbera And Sorolla with his Armie went seeking the Vice-Roy as hee passed hee ruined and spoyled all the places that belonged to Don Geronimo Vique becaus hee had persuaded Iohn Caro to leave the Castle At last coming to Gandia hee met with the Vice-Roy's Armie and gave them battle wherein manie were killed on both sides but at length the Confederates won the daie and the Vice-Roy with the Earl of Oliva and divers other Lords and Gentlemen that remained alive were inforced to retreat to Denia whither Sorolla with his men still puâ—sued them And beeing arrived at a town called Vergel one league short of Denia Mossen Baltazar Vives Lord of that place refreshed them and afterwards conveied them safe to Denia where hee imbarked for Peniscola whence they wâ—nt to the town of Morella where they raised more men Sorolla returned to Valencia where hee entered with his Armie very joiful and content with his conquest By this time the Duke of Segorbe Don Alonso de Aragon was com into the field with above four thousand Foot and divers gentlemen with their servants and others on hors-back to the number of one hundred and sixtie whereof was Captain Don Jayme Ferrer son to Don Luis Ferrer who was Lord Steward to the Queen Donia Iuana at Tordesillas And beeing quartered at Almenara a league and half from Monviedro with intent to besiege it which was the strongest and most considerable Fort the Confederates had but four leagues from Valencia notice was given him that the enemie appeared with no less then eight thousand Foot and some Hors fleshed with their Victorie over the Vice-Roy and recruited with many fresh men from Valencia Whereupon the Duke sent Don Iayme with the Hors to discover and according to his advice hee would follow as speedily as might bee with the Foot This was carried with so much discretion and valor that the Duke gave them an absolute rout leaving above five thousand men dead upon the place for which it is called to this daie The field of slaughter This Victorie restored the Kingdom which if it had otherwise succeeded the Common People had become absolute Masters without any contradiction Things beeing in this condition the Vice-Roy returned with a fresh supplie and incamped his Armie about Alcira and Xativa The People were somwhat amazed and startled at the rout the Duke had given them Yet those of Alcira and Xativa marched out very strong to meet with the Vice-Roy and finding him a league from the Citie they gave him battle the conflict was so hot and so well maintained on both sides that it was hard to saie which had the advantage the combate continued all daie and at night both Armies beeing very wearie and great store of men hurt they were both glad to retreat seeking refreshment and medicaments to dress their wounded men About this time the Cities of Oribuela and Alicante with all the Towns and Places under their jurisdiction associated themselvs with the People of Valencia But all the Gentrie and persons of qualitie followed their Governor Don Pedro Masa who was inforced to quit those two Cities and the Castle of Oribuela whereof hee was Governor But Don Iayme de Puyg a valorous Gentleman who was Lievtenant of the Castle under the Governor with fifteen or sixteen men defended himself gallantly against the furie of the Common people when in their violentest heat they killed burned and sacked the Gentlemen's houses The Marquis de los Velez Don Pedro Faxardo Adelantado Mayor that is Lord Deputie or Lord Lievtenant of the Kingdom of Murcia having notice of the rising of Oribuela levied what force hee could and marched to reliev the distressed Gentrie having order from the Emperor to assist the Governor of Oribuela upon all occasions Don Pedro Maca with his hors beeing joyned with the Marquis de los Velez the Common People of Oribuela and the jurisdiction thereof who were above eight thousand marched in pursuit of them to the top of a mountain called Rajolar with intent to give them battle their intilligence assuring them that they were far the greater number The Governor advised with the Marquis about relieving the Castle of Oribuela which was in great necessitie every one of his Troopers carrying in a sack of provision behinde him whilest the Marquess amused the enemie with skirmishes for hee doubted not to bee back with him time enough to discomfit them This was don accordingly and beeing drawn up in Batalia the Marquis secured the waie to the Castle that the Governor might go thither with his Hors and having put in his provisions return to the battle which was dexterously and successively effected with the slaughter of above four thousand of the Rebells So the Marquis cleared all the Countrie about Oribuâ—la But seeing how infected the whole Kingdom was and what multitudes of people were com in to the Commoners encouraged by their Victorie for it is
two whole daies they kept him besieged and Don Diego Sarmiento the Earl of Salinas with the Dutchess and the Countess their wives After this seeing himself the object of the people's malice and every hour in danger to lose his life hee conditioned with the people to let him go freely with all his familie out of the Citie Which beeing granted hee went to a Town of his called Briviesca This example of the People of Burgos made other places commit the like audacities against their Lords as Haro against the Earl of Haro Son to the Lord high Constable Duenias against the Earl of Buendia and also Naxara against the Duke although that Citie doth allege and prove that they rose not for the Commonaltie but for the King whose subjects and tenants they saie they are The Lord high Constable beeing at Briviesca very full of care and sorrow to see the Kingdom in so great distempers and so little probabilitie of any remedie about the middle of September arrived Lope Hurtado de Mendoça with dispatches and orders from the Emperor importing that hee should bee Governor of Castilla and Navarra joyntly with the Cardinal and the Admiral of Castilla Which having read hee presently accepted the Government of the Kingdoms But becaus the Commission was for them all three hee could not so suddenly execute the Command For the Cardinal was as yet at Valladolid and the Admiral in Catalunia in the Countie of Cabra whither the dispatches were sent to him who was of opinion to defer the acceptance of that Charge until his return into Castilla and to use som means in the interim to agree and accommodate the differences of the Commonalties as you have already heard Which difficultie beeing related to the Emperor beeing on the waie to Aquisgran where hee was Crowned hee sent other Letters dated the 17 October following with special command to the Lord High Constable that having assembled som of the Council hee should alone with them execute the charge of Governor of the Kingdoms provide for the remedying of the present disorders until such time as the Cardinal and the Admiral could com to join with him which hee did as shall appear hereafter SECT VII THe Lord High Constable seeing the remedie of the Kingdoms to lie upon his account although hee was much offended with those of Burgos without seeking any reparation of honor prudently endeavored by fair means and treatments full of courtesie to appeas that people and reduce them into the Roial waie of doing their Prince service for it was of no small importance for him at the beginning of his Government to gain that Citie and settle himself in it beeing the chief of Castilla and a place of such greatness and esteem Hee kept intelligence with som principal Gentlemen of Burgos by whose industrie the Citie was so well disposed and ordered that within a short time after hee became master of it This was the first symptom of the Countrie 's health and an Antidote against the desperate poison which had so infected the whole Kingdom The Lord High Constable together with the Citie committed to the Charge of Don Diego Lopez de Castro the government of the Castle of Lara with the territories thereof hee having first taken the Oath of Fealtie as hee was a Gentleman according to the order and manner of Castilla to keep it for the Emperor From this time forwards Burgos began to have an ill conceit of the Iunta disliking more and more their proceedings especially their ill treating of the Cardinal and those of the Council and sent to their Commissioners to com away from Tordesillas After which they wrote to Valladolid in testimonie of their Loialtie encouraging and persuading those of that Citie to do the like in order to their due obedience to his Majestie and the pacification of the Kingdoms SECT VIII THose of Valladolid beeing ill satisfied with the letters which they received from Burgos returned them no answer esteeming them people of small resolution or constancie and not fit to bee trusted Those of Burgos sent letters likewise to those of the Junta telling them manie things by way of exhortation and advice amongst the rest That they should leav the Queen in her free libertie to do what shee pleased and to let things remain in the same condition the Emperor had left them with other circumstances which were contradictoâ—ie to what formerly they seemed to desire Whereby it appeared that they declined the Interest of the Junta and favored the Lord High Constable's Partie Som other places of the Kingdom also began to bee more moderate by the Letters and promises which they received from the Cardinal and other Gentlemen of note SECT IX IN the Citie of Valladolid the people were still divided by several factions some transported with a blind zeal presâ—ed for obedience to those of the Iunta thinking whatsoever they ordained was good and holie others desired with no less earnestness that the Lord high Constable with those of the Council might bee re-admitted into the Citie deeming whatsoever was enacted without them to bee wicked and unjust And hereupon they spoiled and murthered one another like people without sense or reason Whereupon they wrote to the Lord Admiral who was their Countrie-man and neer neighbor giving him account of the troubles of the Kingdom and especially of the mischiefs which they feared would befall that Citie in particular Whereunto hee sent an answer with an extraordinarie sens of sorrow to see the danger whereunto the whole Kingdom was brought counselling and admonishing them to have a care left they lost themselvs Moreover in regard that Citie had been noted particularly for their Loyaltie to their King and for the relation hee had to it by his birth it grieved him to the soul to see it in such extream distraction which hee feared would not bee so easily remedied with several other expressions of affection and tenderness for their welfare But Valladolid did not set much by his admonitions at that time But afterwards though late they were better advised and they found in the Admiral the mercie which they did expect as shall bee set down hereafter SECT X. THe Letters from Burgos with the sedulous and prudent endeavors of the Lord high Constable made those of Valladolid to bethink themselvs a little and with a kinde of remors for what was past to begin to understand reason although the greatest part but not the best stickled hard to keep the Citie in obedience to the Iunta to the end they might compass their own ill designes After this the Lord high Constable sent to notifie his Commission to bee Vice-Roy and Governor together with the Cardinal and Lord Admiral to all the Cities of the Kingdom where it might conveniently bee done which beeing proclaimed in most places was obeyed Whereupon hee sent to all his kindred and friends ordering them to rais what forces they could possibly and dispatched messengers to all the Grandees
and Gentlemen of note in the Kingdom encouraging and enjoyning them to assemble and bee assistant to him And heâ—ring that the President with others of the Council were fled from Valladolid in the manner before mentioned hee sent for them to com to him which the President and some of them did Afterwards the Letter coming to his hands wherein the Emperor Commanded until the Lord Admiral could joyn with them That hee and the Cardinal should govern Hee presently began to put his Majestie 's orders in execution using means to rais monie for the levying and paying of Souldiers For without the force of Arms it seemed impossible to do any good and therefore hee sent to borrow fiftie thousand Duckets of the King of Portugal which hee lent him freely With which monie and what hee had of his own or could procure any other waie hee raised some Infantrie Which done hee wrote to the Duke of Naxara Don Antonio Manrique Vice-Roy of Navarra for more men who sent him five hundred foot Souldiers and some Artillerie which hee also desired very earnestly Hee sent likewise for those of the Guards who came from that expedition which was called De les Gelues Some of which were readie to put themselvs in the King's service others took up Arms for the Junta by the persuasion and means of Don Pedro Giron who was upon tearms of beeing their Captain General and of the Bishop Don Antonio de Acunia a great stickler for the Commonaltie Also hee carried the business with those of Burgos in such manner that they all should bee ingaged in the Emperor's service promising them very fair conditions and delivering into their hands Don Iuan de Tovar Marquis of Berlanga his second Son and Don Bernardino de Velasco his yongest Son as hostages until such time as his Majestie should allow and confirm his agreement vvith them SECT XI WHilest the Lord High Constable was making all these diligences the Cardinal stole secretly out of Valladolid as you heard already upon the 20 of October 1520 with one single Page and thence hee went to Rioseco whence hee gave notice to the Lord High Constable and other Grandees of the Kingdom desiring them to send him men and to repair thither in his favor which they did The first that came to him were the Marquis of Astorga who brought with him the 26 October eight hundred Cross-bow-men two hundred musketiers four hundred men Armed with Targets and head-pieces two hundred Lances and one hundred Light-horsmen The Earl of Venaivente came the next daie following into Medina with two thousand five hundred Foot and two hundred and fiftie Lances The Earl of Lemos brought fifteen hundred men The Earl of Valencia a thousand All which Noblemen with some of the Council staied in Rioseco with the Cardinal exspecting more forces Don Hernando de Vega Lord of Grajal brought three hundred and fiftie men and the Admiral Lord of that Town wrote hee would speedily bee there also The Lord High Constable was very glad to hear of the Cardinal's escape And according to his Agreement with those of Burgos hee entred into the Citie the first daie of November and notwithstanding some opposition hee possessed himself of it Whence communicating by Letters with the Cardinal and other Nobles at Rioseco they concluded since there was no other remedie that they should carrie on their business by force of Arms That the Rande-vous should bee there at Rioseco that beeing the most convenient place becaus nearest to Tordesillas where the Iunta was likewise making their Armie Hee resolved it beeing generally so agreed upon to staie at Burgos with such force as hee thought convenient to oppose and suppress the Merindades which were risen of whom the Earl of Salvatierra with small discretion had made himself Captain and sent his son Don Pedro de Velasco Earl of Haro as Captain General of the Souldiers and Artillerie that were sent him out of Navarra and those Hors Foot that were at Medina de Rioseco The Earl of Haro departed from Burgos about the middle of November and went to Melgar eight leagues from thence Where hee staied to gather more Forces Don Pedro Veloz de Guevaro Earl of Oniate Don Garcia Manrique Earl of Osorno the Martial of Fromesta Don Alonso de Peralta and other Gentlemen met him there everie one bringing as many men as they could rais thence they continued their march to Rioseco whither every daie came Gentlemen with other Forces Of all which the Lord High Constable gave a particular relation to the Emperor SECT XII FRom the very daie that those of the Iunta were informed of the naming of the two Governors they thought it was time for them to provide more forces then what they yet had raised To which effect they presently dispatched Letters to all the Cities of their League advertising them of the great preparations the Governors were making and that they must furnish both men and monie They wrote also to Don Manuel King of Portugal thinking to gain him to their Partie but what Answer hee returned I could never learn SECT XIII THose of the Iunta seeing so great a confluence of Souldiers com daily to Rioseco they dispatch'd messengers presently to their several Cities desiring they would speedily send thither what forces they could make Salamanca with the territories tâ—erof furnished two hundred Lances and six thousand Foot which with those from Toledo Madrid and Segovia made a reasonable good Armie Thus both sides prepared what forces they could to destroie one another Those of Valladolid seeing themselvs in the middle of these two Parties and both very near them beeing not determined which side to take resolved to send to them both Their Messengers Don Pedro Vaçan Lord of VanÌ„eça Doctor Francisco de Espinosa Pulgar and Diego de Zamora Batchellors at Law in the name of their Citie said to those of the Iunta That if they did continue in doing that which was just and good for the Commonalties as they had begun the Citie of Valladolid with all their Armie and power would assist them but if otherwise they would decline their Interest and resist them Thence they went to Rioseco and said as much to the Cardinal and those of the Council adding moreover that they should not intermeddle or hinder anie thing which the Iunta had done in favor of the Commonaltie of the Kingdom upon which condition they would obey them in all things and if they pleased receiv them into their Citie with honor and respect And they did require them in the names and behalf of the Infante Gentlemen and Commonaltie of Valladolid That they would not rais any Souldiers nor make any scandals or offence to the Countrie by gathering together Armies otherwise that they did protest against them A brave resolution of those of Valladolid to stand out against them both SECT XIV NOtwithstanding the different factions which divided Valladolid they were all generally well affected to the Lord
the Citie sent messengers to TrevinÌ„o desiring Don Manrique not to bring his souldiers thither but they could not prevail So those men which Don Manrique brought and the Lord high Constable's entred all into Vitoria as also the Deputie with all his kindred The next daie beeing Fridaie Don Manrique marched to the Town of Salvatierra which was the Earl's and took it with the Castle also both which hee gave the Deputie Diego Martinez charge to keep for his Majestie leaving him two hundred souldiers with the which Diego Martinez marched from Salvatierra to a place called Gauna where the â—arl had another strong hous which having burnt hee returned to Salvatierra and Don Manrique the Sundaie following went back to Vitoria The Earl seeing they had taken his Town of Salvatierra and burnt his other houses went to the Valley of Quartango and raised four thousand eight hundred men with his servants Hurtado Diez de Mendoça hearing this came to Vitoria and advertised Don Manrique of all particulars Whereupon hee presently marched with his men to Quartango The Earl staied not to make him welcom but fled with all his men to the mountains So Don Manrique's men pillaged all the Valley burned down the Towers of Andagoya and Morillas Thence hee marched towards the Merindades where hee did no great harm the people submitting themselvs to him onely hee burned some houses of Gonçalo Varahona's thence hee went to Burgos where hee joyned his forces with the Lord high Constable who was then preparing for the battle of Villalar Gonçalo Varahona and one Captain Brizuela after Don Manrique's departure out of the Merindades did a world of mischief in the houses of those that had agreed and made their peace with the Lord high Constable at the Town of Valpuesta hee killed one Salazar a Batchellor at Law and burnt his hous from thence hee went to the Valley of Ayala where the Earl of Salvatierra was Where they remained until April next following raising men as fast as they could to go against Vitoria and Salvatierra Whereof the Citie beeing advertised they put themselvs in a posture to resist him got munition from the Sea-side made readie their ordnance mustred their â—en which were but six hundred fit to bear Arms besides two hundred Souldiers The Lord high Constable sent them from his Towns of Haro la Puebla and San Vicente two hundred and fiftie men more besides two troops of light hors-men Hee sent moreover Commissions of Captains General of the Mountains and those parts to Martyn Ruyz de AvendanÌ„o y de Gamboa and to Gomez Gonçalez de Butron y de Mugica Upon receipt whereof Martyn Ruyz de AvendanÌ„o came to Vitoria and with the men of the Citie and those that came from other places resolved to give the Earl battle Hereupon the Deputie Diego Martinez de Alava repaired speedily to Salvatierra to defend that in case the Earl should make any attempt upon it Beeing arrived there hee would have sent his Son to the Castle of Bernedo whereof hee was Governor but the Towns-men would not suffer him and offred to apprehend him whereupon there arose great disorder and hee was enforced to retire into the Fort. Divers of the Towns-men having relation to the Earl were very desirous that hee should repossess it and therefore sent him intelligence privately that Diego Martinez and his Sons were in a manner prisoners and that now was the onely time for him to fall upon the Town Whereof hee beeing very well pleased made all the haste he could from Quartango to Salvatierra but was met in the waie by the hors of Vitoria who took some of his men prisoners however hee marched on and Gonçalo Varahona staied behïnde The next daie about midnight â—ee arrived at one of the Gates of Salvatierra called San Iuan and his men cried Ayala Ayala Which the Deputie's men who were upon the guard hearing put themselvs in a posture of defence and discharged some of their Ordnance which killed and hurt some of his Souldiers The Earl himself beeing very neer the Gate they flung down a great squar'd stone which raked his shoulders as it fell and quite spoiled his hors that made him retreat further off till daie-break by which time Gonçalo Varahona had brought the rest of his men so they marched all in a bodie to a place called VicunÌ„a where they burned five houses belonging to Diego Martinez de Alava And the Earl having intelligence that the Town of Salvatierra and the Deputie were reconciled and stood upon the defensive having no Artillerie with him nor finding any refreshment for his men the people beeing all fled to the Mountains hee relinquished his design But upon his retreat a Partie of hors with some Foot sallied out of Vitoria and took divers of his men at Alegria with whom returning to the Citie and giving notice of the order or rather disorder of the Earl's Armie they concluded to fight them To which purpose all the hors and Foot marched out and Captain Ochoa de Asua was sent before to hinder him from passing the bridg of Durana But his hors beeing already passed they made it good till the Foot was all over by which time the whole bodie of the Vitorians was come up The Earl at first made as if hee would fight but they plaied so hot upon him with their muskets that seeing his men drop so fast hee rod awaie with onely one Page which seeing his men began to follow him Gonçalo Varahona valiantly staied behind crying to his men to stand Captain Valenzuela encountred him and took him prisoner who with six hundred of his men much pillage and divers Colours were all carried to Vitoria Martin Ruyz de AvendanÌ„â— who was present at the sight committed Gonçalo Varahona to Pedro de Alava's hous for the present and few daies after hee was beheaded in the great market place whereof an express was sent to give the Lord high Constable notice who was then upon going to Villalar where a short time after the battle was given which was the ruine and break-neck of the Commoners SECT XXV TO relate all the troubles which the Lord High Constable had with those of Burgos and the Earl of Salvatierra would fill whole Volumes I shall now onely cursarily mention what was done in order to the conclusion of the Treatie and Articles which the Bishop of Laodicea brought concerning the reducing of Don Pedro Lasso Four daies Ortiz remained in Tordesillas exspecting until the Lord Admiral had consulted of those Articles with the Cardinal and given him the result of their determination But in daie time hee durst not go abroad so that his negotiation was onely in the night for there is no War so dangerous as that betwixt kindred and people of the same Nation and Language At last hee was dispatch't but hee was fain to carrie their Answer in his memorie not daring to have any writing about him â—o hee went coasting and crossing the Countrie
grieved them to the souls that any man should die in that quarrel yet nothing would do SECT XXXIX ON Thursdaie the 21 of Februarie Iohn de Padilla marched out of Zaratan with his whole Camp which consisted of seven thousand Foot and five hundred Lances at two of the clock after midnight going very silently in good order and taking Guides along with them to shew them the waie to Torrelobaton in the very Suburbs whereof hee took up his quarters robbing and plundering all they could lay hands on but the people had carried all their best goods into the Town which was very strong The next daie Iohn de Padilla commanded his great Ordnance to bee planted in convenient places to batter â—he Town which hee did very smartly but all his shots were to little purpose for the rampires were extraordinarie After this hee gave them a brisk assault with great clamors of men and bouncing of Guns but hee got nothing by that for the besieged defended themselvs with much resolution In this Conflict which lasted all daie were divers slain and hurt but the most part were of Iohn de Padilla's men who fought at disadvantage having no defence nor rampires to shelter them so that seeing the great loss hee received and the little good hee did mosâ— of their ladders beeing too short and those that ventured to mount up were either knock'd down dead or shrewdly wounded hee thought it his best waie to fall off and sound a Retreat so the combate ceased for that time All that night Iohn de Padilla labored to entrench himself and rais a batterie in another place that hee might give them another fresh assault the next daie The Lord Admiral and the others at Tordesillas beeing advertised of Iohn de Padilla's beeing advanced to Torrelabaton sent presently to draw the Garrisons out of Simancas and Portillo with intent to reliev Torrelobaton if possible although they were but weak in Foot and the enemie had great store and very good First they sent out two Troops of Hors to discover the order and strength of the enemie's Camp with whom they had som slight skirmishes This daie Iohn de Padilla wasted in raising a new batterie and planting his Artillerie but hee found that pâ—rt of the Town no less strong then the former so that hee could do no execution but on the morrow which was the third daie of his beeing there hee removed his Ordnance to another part of the wall which was weaker where hee made som breaches which those of Valladolid and Toledo spying ran presently hurrying without order to enter the dispute continued very hot a great while but the Besieged behaved themselvs so gallantly that they were forced to retreat with no smal loss The same daie the Earl of Haro Captain General having left a sufficient Guard in Tordesillas marched out to face the enemie with a matter of a thousand Lances intending to give the Alarm on one side of the Town whil'st the Governor Don Francisco Ossorio Lord of Valdonquillo carried in a fresh suppliâ— of souldiers on the other Hee desired of the Lord Admiral that they might bee Horsmen but the Earl of Haro thought that not so convenient hee having more need of the Cavalrie for the field-battle Beeing com within sight of the Town in the Evening they staied upon the top of a hill whence the Earl sent a partie of his Hors to skirmish with som Arcabusiers who beeing betwixt the besieged and the mud-walls stood much to their advantage but seeing his men cruelly galled and able to do no good there hee commanded they should retreat to the bodie which was still upon the hill expecting Don Francisco Ossorio to put in execution their intended design but whil'st they were thus staying arrived a Gentleman with a Letter from the Lord Admiral to the Earl of Haro saying That hee might return again for hee had notice since that there was no such need of putting any succor into Torrelobaton for there was already strength sufficient to defend it notwithstanding this countermand divers Gentlemen offered to go into the Town but it could not bee attempted the Lord Admiral having forbidden the Ladders to bee brought which were agreed upon So it behoved the Earl to go back again that night to Tordesillas without bringing his purpose to effect to satisfie the Lord Admiral who as it afterwards proved was very much over-seen therein But som say hee was angrie becaus the Earl of Haro did not follow his advice in the prosecution of that design Iohn de Padilla beeing alarmed by these thousand Hors and finding that hee had not force enough for the offensive and defensive both sent presently to Valladolid for more Upon receipt of his Letter three thousand Foot and four hundred Hors were ordered to march to the Armie at Torrelobaton vvho vvent vvith as good a will to fight as if they had gon to gain the Iubilee On Saturday 28 Febr. they arrived in the suburbs to the no less rejoicing and encouragement of the Besiegers then the dis-heartening and terror of the Besieged who sent to the Lord Admiral complaining very much of Valladolid saying That onely that Citie â—id them all the mischief Sunday Munday and Tuesday they battered incessantly with all their Ordnance and very many were killed on both sides A man could not peep above the wall but hee had presently a bullet or an arrow in his head yet the Cavaliers stood out manfully but beeing not above four hundred Foot and som few Hors they were not able to defend themselvs and wâ—thstand the continual assaults of the Enemie having no intermission nor time to take any rest besides provisions began to fail them Iohn de Padilla having raised several batteries against the Town at last one of them made a breach where whil'st the besieged were defending themselvs in another part of the Town those of Valladolid entred with their Colors they sacked the Town with the greatest crueltie in the world they killed the poor laboring men becaus they could not give them what they demanded spilled all their Wines breaking the tubs in pieces they plundered the Churches stript the Altars and broke open the Tombs thinking to finde som hidden treasure therein Finally they did such things that the most savage bruits who have not the use of reason could not do wors respecting neither humane things nor divine Next daie beeing Wednesdaie they fell to battering of the Tower which defended it self stoutly but beeing full of women and children that had retired themselvs thither for securitie who feeling it shake at everie shot that hit it cried out fearing it would fall upon their heads and having nothing to eat it was surrendered upon condition to secure all their lives and half their goods Thus Iohn dâ— Padilla took Torrelobaton which was no inconsiderable piece of service Hereby hee gained himself much reputation amongst the Common-people it beeing but three leagues from Tordesillas where the Governors
forces beeing all discomfited as wee have seen and their three principal Captains executed those of the Iunta who were in Valladolid fled away and all was of a sudden blown up like smoke in the aër Within three daies after the Cavalier's whole Armie marched to Simancas and quartered in Towns all about Valladolid intending to fall upon that Citie and treat them as such open enemies did deserv But first beeing numerous enough they possessed all the Towns and Villages thereabouts and stopt up all the Avenues suffering no provisions to bee carried in to them Whereupon the most valiant and violent of all the people began to bee crest-fallen Others that had as much as they durst opposed those past Commotions seeing the Governors victorious and powerful declared themselvs There was no Captain nor Commander left in the Citie Whereupon to make short and prevent a Summons they thought their onely way was to yield themselvs upon good conditions which they hoped the Lord Admiral though much offended out of compassion and affection to that Citie would grant them In which resolution they sent som religious men and persons of respect with much submission and humble acknowledgment of their faults to desire mercie and pardon of the Lord Admiral Who at first shewed himself very much displeased and unwilling to hearken to their desires saying Hee ought and would make an example aswel of the principal offendors as of the Common people The Souldiers who exspected notable plunder their fingers itching to measure out the silks and velvets with their Pikes as they bragg'd they would were mad becaus the word of command To fall on and enter the Citie was so long a giving out which the Inhabitants knowing every one secured their commodities the best they could But by God's help and the indulgence of the Governors a Peace and pardon was concluded and proclaimed in the market places and streets of Valladolid with great acclamations of joie and sound of Trumpets Drums and other musical instruments All the Inhabitans beeing exempted from personal punishment confiscation or loss of offices excepting twelv whom the Lord Admiral should nominate appoint to bee left out of the Articles to bee disposed of as the Governors should think fitting that they might all take notice that they had a King and Lord to whom they ovved obedience and service and such a King as did not seek after vengeance or desire the destruction of his Subjects but to pardon them with clemencie and chastise them with mercie SECT XXII THe Citie of Valladolid which had shewn so much stubbornness and obstinacie not long before proclaimed the Pardon with great contentment and thought they had obteined no smal favor to preserv their Town from beeing sacked the Souldiers beeing so ready to make the on-set The â—arl of Venavente and the Bishop of Osma were great instruments of hindring the destruction of that Citie and the Lord High Constable with all the rest of the Grandees were very glad of it esteeming that the pacification of the whole Kingdom depended upon the surrendering of Valladolid The same daie April 27 all the Cavaliers entred in great state with their Squadrons in Martial order the Hors all in Armor covered with rich scarlet coats the first that marched in were the Earl of Venavente and Earl of Haro Captain General the Earl of Castro the Earl of OnÌ„ate with their Troops their Armor was covered with scarlet embroidered with gold After them followed the Lord Admiral with the Adelantado his brother and the Earl of Osorno all in green with their troops in Armor covered with the same Liverie Next them marched the Captains and Camp masters of the Armie with their Colors flying and the Gentlemen all clad in cloth of silver and gold Then came the Bishop of Osma with those of the Council Roial the Alcaldes and Alguaziles And last of all the Lord High Constable with the Earl of Alva de Lista the Earl of Salinas the Earl of Aguilar and the Marquis of Astorga with all their men splendidly accoutred besides divers Gentlemen and Foot souldiers all in such stately manner that Valladolid was worth the seeing that daie yet it was observed that the people were so stomackful that neither man nor woman did so much as look ouâ— or open a window as if they disdained or abhorred to see them who four daies before were their moâ—tal enemies Such are the Comedies and Tragedies of this life How often did the Cavaliers desire Valladolid to make a â—eace what advantageous conditions they offered them how often did they slight their favors how many scornful answers did they return them and at last it came to this that they were constreined though with heavie hearts and hanging down their hâ—ads to receiv and treat in their houses thosâ— whom they so ill affected And those of Valladolid must aâ—knowledg a particular obligation to the Nobilitie of Castilla whom they alwaies found ready to receiv them with open arms and do them all the good offices and favor possible aswel for this daie's favor as others which by their mediation the Kings of Spain have granted them notwithstanding so great uproars and disorders as have been committed in that Citie All the rigor that was don at this time in Valladolid was the executing of an Alcalde and an Alquazil of the Iunta whom the Governors commanded to bee hanged the rest fled though no bodie prosecuted them SECT XXIII THe rout of the Junta's Armie at Villalor and the Justice â—hat was executed upon the Gentlemen there with the surrendring of Valladolid and the favor which the Governors shewed them beeing noised through the Kingdom the other Cities began to bee more submissive who before carried their heads so high DuenÌ„as courted their Earl again whom they had forced to leav the town rising up in Arms against him Palencia opened their gates to the Lord High Constable Medina del Campo did the same But Mota stood out a while upon the defensive yet at last they were glad to make their peace But the Lord High Constable and the Lord Admiral were such worthie Noblemen that they used no acts of rigor in any place and all those whom they reduced found themselvs so well with their present condition that they held themselvs as redeemed out of thraldom and oppression Onely those of Toledo continued in their willfullness The Common People murthered two brothers Biscayners named Aguirres onely upon vain surmises and suspitions which they conceived of them yet they had both been Captains under Iohâ— de Padilla Notwithstanding that the Prior of St Iuan Don Antonio de ZunÌ„iga was with his Armie in the confines of that Citie the Commoners with a great bodie and some pieces of Ordnance marched to a Castle called Almonacid and continued battring it for two daies the Governor valorously defending it which the Prior hearing presently gave command to draw all his forces into the field intending to give them battle But
do him anie disservice It will appear more evidently in the Progress of this Historie and by the letters which passed between them whereof som I have set down in the same manner as they were written in the originals becaus the particularitie of the Historie doth require it in a matter of such weight and danger And since the Loialtie of Spain come's in question who have alwaies had their Princes in so high a reverence that they honored and respected their verie Statues and pictures as if they had been their Sovereign's whom they represented I will before I go anie further declare the ground and reasons upon which the Castillians founded their complaints and grievances as I have gathered them from those who were eie-witnesses and have penn'd all the several passages with much discretion respect fear of God and with a minde free from partialitie SECT II. THe familiaritie of Monsieur de Xeures with the King was so great that hee rather seemed to bee the King and the King his Son then to bee Xeures his Vassal and Creature as hee was There was no access nor speaking with the King but when Xeures pleased if anie thing succceded well Xeures assumed the glorie to himself giving out that hee had don it if ill hee alwaies laid the fault upon the King saying The King would have it so And indeed this was the first occasion that begat the innocent Prince the ill will of his People I have seen a memorial of these Passages which a Gentleman one of the King 's Domestick servants wrote and averreth to have been an eie-witness of them Hee report's that while the King was yet in his minoritie and unacquainted with State-affairs Xeures would suffer no bodie to speak with him unless hee were first informed of the business that so hee might put into the King's mouth what hee would have him to answer and if anie refused to impart their business to him they were so far from having audience that hee would not suffer them to enter into his Majestie 's presence Thus did hee deal with those that were sent from Toledo and divers other Cities Indeed at that time all the Castillians were very much discountenanced and not treated as their's and their Predecessor's services had deserved The Flemings perceived the mindes of the Spaniards disposed for all mischief much ambition and little friendship beeing amongst them for som devoted themselâ—s particularly to King Ferdinand the Catholick others to King Philip the Fair. These were kindes of Factions wherewith were possessed for som daies the mindes of manie People Mercurino Gatinara Lord high Chancellor was second in the Emperor's favor and as the Autoritie and familiaritie with Princes admit of no Competitor Xeures and this Chancellor could not endure each other they both presumed so much that each of them would command alone and ambitioned a Power above the other these made themselvs the Heads of those two Factions and added more poison to their malice and discontents Xeures favored those of Ferdinando and the Chancellor sided with those of Don Philip's Partie And all was ill as the Proverb saie's for the poor Pitcher for the distressed Countrie of Spain had all the sufferings Xeures was so corrupt and covetous that he sold all the King's Favors Offices Bishopricks Honors and whatsoëver hee conceived would yield him money The Chancellor did the like with all Iustice-ships and other Offices so that secluded Iustice was enforc'd to give up her Seat and Sword to the Tyrannie of over-ruling Avarice onely monie then bore the swaie no Right no Equitie was able to counterpoiz the weight of Gold all things and places as in the times of Catiline at Rome were then put to sale The Flemings were much encouraged with this fine gold and Ingots of pure Silver that came from the Indies and the simple Spaniards so blinde in giving it for their pretensions that it became as common as a Proverb for a Fleming to call a Spaniard My Indian And indeed it was not improper for the Indians never gave so much gold to the Spaniards as the Spaniards did to the Flemings this in time grew to such a pass that it was publickly sung along the streets Double Pistol it 's well for thee That from Xeures thou art free It is reported that a certain Pretendent or Petitioner who had presented Xeures with a very handsom Mule and hee beeing asked by another Gentleman where hee had gotten that curious beast answered That hee knew not who had given it him beeing within hearing and very much aggrieved to see himself so soon forgotten and the business hee had communicated to Xeures so neglected give 's forthwith order to have his Mule cried declaring all his marks and describing the furniture hee had bestowed on him which the same Gentleman hearing of went presently and told Xeures that according to the marks it must needs bee that this Mule had been stolen Thus the poor Petitioner recovered what hee had given him and lost not all as most men do in such occurrences for there is no memorie so weak as that of a covetous man in Power who digest's gold with more facililitie then Estriches do Iron SECT III. THere was no monie to bee got in the whole Kingdom but pieces of nine Marauediz which is three half-pence English for all better coins Xeures had transported What shall I saie Besides that which was ship't for Flanders from Barcelona beeing 750 Millions from the Groyne 950 Millions and from other parts 800 Millions so that it exceeded the number of twentie five hundred millions which was enough to make him equal to the most powerful and richest King But consider in what condition did poor Castillia remain after such a dreining Besides all this the Flemings held the â—paniards in so mean esteem that they insulted over them as if they had been their slaves or rather beasts they would break open their houses at their pleasures abuse their wives in their own presence carrie away their goods and no Justice to bee had against them It hapned that a Castillian having killed a Fleming at Valladolid took Sanctuare in St Marie Magdalen's Church Som Flemings violently breaking in upon him and stabbing him in divers places there made him a sad sacrifice to their revengeful furie which don they went cleer away unchastiled unquestioned That which bred the People's greatest dislike of their King was that they could not bee admitted into his Presence treat with him nor â—o much as know him For Xâ—uâ—es would suffer no bodie to speak with him if at anie time hee did give audience Xeures would still bee at his elbow and in regard hee did not throughly understand the Spanish Tongue hee seemed as if hee had not been spoken to This gave the rise of the People's general ill opinion of him They presently spake him a man of a weak apprehension and of an ill disposition they call'd him Dutchman and an Enemie to Spaniards They said
lose the credite of being feared In summ of all that I have spoken I say that my determinate will and opinion is that an Alcalde de Corte who is in nâ—ture of a Iudge of Oyer and Terminer here in England should goe to Segovia and what hee ought to doe in this although I know it my Sacred Orders doe not give me leav to express I onely say thus much that the Iudge ought to do wors to them by Iustice then they did to Tordesillas without Iustice. Let all that I have said in this consultation bee under your most Reverend Lordship's correction and if these Lords bee of any other opinion I shall bee content to conform my self to them for in matters of weight and moment a man is not to defend his own opinion but to follow that which is most expedient for the publick good SECT XXXVII THe second that was remarkeable in this Consultation was Don Alonso Tellez Giron who in those times was esteemed a man of a good Conscience a vertuous life of a generous ofspring and chiefly in the opinion which hee delivered very circumspect for hee would never give any counsel unless hee had considered the matter throughly before hand Don Antonio de Rojas having ended his speech Don Alonso Tellez began Saying The discreet Opinion of Don Alonso Tellez Giron IT chanceth often-times amongst the most expert Captains that being upon the point of giving battle they differ in the manner and order of their Combate and if such men take oath of their dissenting opinions I say that kind of discord proceedeth not from any particular difference betwixt them but that each one of them thinkes that what hee sayes is the best and most secure way to gain the Victorie that day This I say most Reverend Lord Cardinal in order to my Lord Arch-Bishop and President his Speech which was very good and beseeming a Prelate that is desirous of the publick good But if hee and I doe differ in the meanes which is to bee used for the remedying of so great a scandal wee shall not I am confident in our intentions be dissenting I swear by the faith of a Christian and a Gentleman and by this Holy habit of Santjago which I wear that my soul desireth nothing at this present more then that wee may hit upon the right way of rectifying and providing for Segovia For my mind giv's me that if wee miss our aim in this first enterprise we shall not bee powerful enough hereafter to execute Justice Hee that is to give his sens in such occurrences ought not only to see to the remedying of mischiefs but to bee circumspect and warie lest the fulfilling of his Vote should bee the occasion of a greater Inconvenience For it may bee already which God forbid thinking to tile Segovia wee have untiled it and so bewetted all Spain Vndoubtedly those of Segovia offended God in destroying his creature and the King in murthering him for his cause They scandalized the Republick by hanging him in that manner And accordingly if it were of no further consequence nothing could bee more just then that the more cruel and barbarous they have shewd themselvs in that murther the less pitie wee should shew in chastising them I would say in this case that wee are able to punish Segovia or we are not able and so likewise Toledo of their rebellion and to speak the truth to my best sens to chastise Segovia or correct Toledo is yet too soon For being as we are but newly come to the government we should grant som privileges and libertie to the People at first to win their obedience and afterwards chastise them that we may bee feared Put case wee are not powerful enough as I believ we are not to quell that high couraged stubborn People if my Iudgment fail me not I hold for most certain that if Segovia lose their respect to us the like we shall find through all the Cities of Spain Moreover you know my Lords that it hath been averred to us that there was never a Gentleman nor Citizen at the murther of Tordesillas and that those Teazers which had committed the fact were fled already The Judge whom wee shall send thither to seem that hee doth somthing must rob the Poor chastise the Innocent disquiet the Rich defame the Noble and chiefly scandalize the bordering People so that the untimely punishing of one man's death may bee an occasion of destroying all Item you know My Lords that the King our Lord had the ill will of all his Subjects for the ill Government of his Tutors and certainly those of this Kingdom desire to express their discontents Me think's we should rather provide for and hinder the manifestation of the ill intentions of Castilla then to stand so much upon the rigorous chastising of the Carders of Segovia for it is the part of wise men to dissemble and defer the punishment of faults already past and forthwith apply a remedie to a present evil Item Segovia cryeth out and desire's that if Fifty or a Hundred weavers committed that outrage the whole Citie should not lose its Innocence And in my Judgment we should bee very injurious and unjust if we should declare a whole Citie Traytors when but few are guiltie and I know the King hath manie faithful servants in Segovia therefore wee should commit a great offence therein Besides it is as much the Propertie of Clement Princes to pardon many wicked men for the respect of som few good as it is the Practise of cruel Tyrants to condemn many good for a few evil Item it is sufficiently known that Toledo is in Rebellion and beeing as it is so powerful a Citie wee cannot exercise Justice upon it Now if wee doe chastise Segovia wee cannot do it so much dammage as wee shall do favor to Toledo thereby For all those whom wee take now for enemies wee make friends to Toledo And by this means there will bee manie favorers of their Tyranie and but few to assist our Justice Item it is to be considered that the Citie of Segovia and the Town of Medina del Campo by reason of the Cloaths of the one and the fairs of the other Those two People used alwaies to bee like Brothers My end in saying this is becaus the best Artillerie the King hath in Castilla is at Medina and if the business were come to that They would sooner give it Segovia for their defence then to us to punish them And by this means Segovia will get the Artillerie and wee shall lose Medina Item Segovia hath not taken the Fort as yet nor disobeyed the Justice nor shut the Gates nor taken up Armes And if a Judge go thither to chastise them perchance wee shall the Guiltie beeing fled away for fear of punishment give occasion of fear to those that are Innocent and they put themselvs into a defensive posture thereupon And this will bee the way to make those whom wee have as yet
The Cardinal made them a thousand congies and excused himself saying that hee never commanded Medina to bee burned nor had any hand in the other mischiefs quite contrarie it grieved him to the very soul to hear what Fonseca had done And beeing desired by the Citie and thinking it to bee convenient himself hee commanded to bee proclaimed publickly that all those that were with Antonio de Fonseca should leav him and return to their houses and hee sent his express order to the same effect to Antonio de Fonseca commanding him to disband his men reserving onely what was necessarie for the guard of his own person in regard it was not possible to maintein an Army in those parts having no means nor place where to raise monie for their subsistance Fonseca was inforced to obey conforming himself to the time so taking a partie of hors with him hee went out of the Kingdom for all in that Countrie were his deadlie enemies and hee had no mind to bee surprised by them in Arevalo or either of his Towns of Coca or Alaejos but leaving them well fortified and his son Don Fernando in Coca hee passed into Portugal and thence by Sea into Flanders with the Judge Ronquillo SECT IV. ABout this time Caceres in Estremadura and the Citie of Iaen in Andaluzia where as yet the diseas had not broke out began to cry up the Commonaltie So that Don Rodrigo Mexia Lord of Santa Eufemia who had a great partie beeing born in that Citie labored and used all means possible to hinder the people from the outrages and mischiefs which were done in other Cities and not beeing able to bridle and restrain their furie otherwise hee took upon himself the charge of the Justice and Commonaltie Manie other Gentlemen made use of the like prudent dissimulation not beeing able to do otherwise Badajoz also beeing in the like distemper was quieted by his good industrie they of Badajoz took a fort from him that kept it for the Earl of Feria There is no reason why the Andaluzians should bee held any better then the Castillians for in all places the dissentions were much alike and their demeanors as if the common people had agreed and contracted together som yeares before SECT V. UBeda and Baeza were divided into two parties between the Venavides and the Caravajales both noble and ancient families in Castilla Don Luis de la Cueva cozen german to the Duke of Alburquerque was Captain of the Venavides Caravajal Lord of Todar which is a Village two leagues from Ubeda commanded the other partie In these factions there was so much animositie that one daie Don Luis de Ubeda coming in a litter for hee was an old man was set upon by Caravajal Lord of Todar attended by an hundred hors who gave him so manie thrusts with his lance that hee killed him in his litter This done hee was carried back to Ubeda where the manner of his death beeing related to his son Don Alonso and their kindred to revenge his father's death they went to the Village of Todar where they killed and cut the throats of all they could lay hands upon and afterwards set fire to the Village in manie places that some that hid themselvs in their houses were fain to leap out at the windows to avoid the fire The destruction and crueltie was so great that they reckoned of killed and burned about two thousand persons men women or children and onely the ruines of some houses in the village remained But indeed though these Gentlemen were Loyall like Noble persons yet it was so that in this there was more of passion and particular grudge and hatred then anie matter of Commonaltie For neither the Venavides nor those of la Cueva ever were Commoners or pretended to disserv the King But in these places with the occasion of the Kingdom 's beeing in a hurly-burly they made use of the Common Interest to revenge their private passions And it is apparent that if these Gentlemen did follow the Commonaltie as wishing it well yet they were none of their Captains SECT VI. CUenca in imitation of other Cities rose also and committed the like disorders In this Citie was Captain of the Commonaltie one Calaborra and with him a Bridle-maker whom the whole Citie obeied as their Lords And there beeing a person of principal note and power in the Kingdom Luis Carrillo de Albhornoz Lord of Torralva and Berreta they so much slâ—ghted him that hee was inforced to dissemble and sumâ—on all his reason and prudence to persuade his heart to brook it Their audaciousness grew to that pass that hee riding upon his mule through the street a Rascal of the Common sort struck him over the buttock saying in a scoffing manner Go thy waie Luis Carrillo hee was glad to let this pass the times not permitting him to do otherwise Luis Carrillo was married to Donia Inez Varrientos de Manrique a Ladie of a Masculine courage who desiring to revenge the injuries and affronts done to her husband and to stop and take off the opprobrious taunts of the people she invited the Captains of the Commonaltie to Supper and having well loaden their heads with wine shee caused them to bee carried to sleep in several chambers and beeing dead with sleep and the vapors of the wine shee commanded her servants to cut their throats and hang their bodies out at the windows next the street SECT VII AVila was the seat where all the Cities made their Assemblie Here they did such disorders as the loyal Citie of Avila ought not to have permitted The Common people were the onely Actors thereof for the Gentrie still persevered in the fidelitie of their Ancestors And becaus Antonio Ponce like a loial Gentleman would not swear to follow the Commonaltie they began to pluck down his hous but did not beeing hindred by som other Gentlemen The rest as in other Cities did swear and took the Engagement of the Commonaltie som willingly som becaus they did not rightly understand themselvs and others out of fear They would have pluckt down the hous of Diego Hernando de Quiniones becaus hee had granted the Subsidie beeing their Commissioner in the last Parlament but som good men intervening hindered the executing of their Purpose They had possessed themselvs of the Fort if Don Gonzalo Chachon Lord of Cassarruvios seeing the Commotions in most parts of the Kingdom and that Toledo had taken the Fort from Don Iohn de Silva and Segovia would have done the like to the Earl of Chinchon had not prudently and with dissimulation provided it hee beeing Governor thereof with Munition Arms and men taking them in by night and hiding them by daie The Fort beeing thus Ammunitioned when the Common-people ple flocked thither to take it they found greater resistance then they exspected And the Citie perceiving they might bee much damnified by the Fort and those of the Fort likewise by the Citie they treated of an
of the Commonaltie meerly for his own ends and that by means of these troubles and commotions hee might get possession of the Dukedom of Mâ—dina Sidonia which as hath been already said hee pretended was his right This Election did not digest well in Padilla's stomach who till then had executed the office of Captain General and presumed it should bee confirmed upon him and for his sake neither the Commissioners of Toledo nor of Madrid would give their Votes for Don Pedro. Iohn de Padilla beeing informed of all these passages before that Don Pedro Giron came to take his staff pretending I know not what occasion rode poste to Toledo and his men seeing their Captain gone would staie no longer in the Armie but the next daie took the same waie after him Notwithstanding all this Don Pedro Giron accepted the Charge and came to Tordesillas with fourscore Lances of his own appointed a Randevous for his Armie wherein hee was much assisted by the industrie and diligence of the Bishop of Zamora who brought to the service of the Iunta near five hundred men with arms of the antient Guards of the Kingdom for the rest were gone to the Lord High Constable hee brought moreover seventie Lances of his own and almost a thousand Foot four hundred whereof were Priests of his own Bishoprick besides the people of Zamora whom hee had at his devotion for by favor of the Junta hee had driven the Earl of Alva out of Zamora and made himself Master thereof Every daie came fresh supplies from the other Cities both of Hors and Foot all well armed and with them som Gentlemen and Commanders From Salamanca came Don Pedro Maldonado with about a thousand Foot Other Cities appointed those who were their Commissioners in the Junta to bee their Captains As Leon chose Gonsalo de Guzman son to Ramiro NunÌ„ez and the Citie of Toro Don Hernando de Ulloa who were their Commissioners and so likewise did other places Thus those of the Junta grew from daie to daie more powerful beeing resolved to end the business by force of Arms. Their mouths were all filled with reproachful and threatning language especially the Common-people's who called the Grandees and Gentrie of the Countrie Traitors enemies of the Kingdom saying they had destroied taken away their estates which availed them nothing but who can restrein a multitude Amongst other impertinencies they said That the Queen should do well to marrie the Duke of Calabria Don Hernando de Aragon son to Frederick last K. of Naples who since the time of the Catholick King had been kept prisoner in Xativa in the Kingdom of Valencia I believ this was onely put upon those of the Junta and that they neither did nor thought any such thing But the truth is their passion was grown to such an height that they never so much as named the Emperor in their Proclamations though they had sworn Allegiance to him as their King but all passed in the names of the Queen and Kingdom Insomuch that the hatred and enmitie betwixt the two parties became implacable and both made all preparations possible for a war In short time those of the Junta had put their forces in a readiness and equipage to march unto the field as was determined SECT II. 'MOngst these occurrences arrived the Lord Admiral at Medina de Rioseco where hee was met and received by all the Noble-men and Gentle-men who were com thither to the Cardinal with their Souldiers all armed and drawn up in Battle-Array Hee expressed much gladness to see so many gallant men and persons of such eminent qualitie Yâ—t hee had no intention to wade through blood to the accomplishment of his desires but rather by fair means if possible to settle the disturbed State of the Kingdoms which to effect hee left no stone unturn'd and at last hee obtained that three or four of the Commissioners of the Iunta should give him a meeting at Torrelobaton where they consumed five or six daies in treating but all his reasons persuasions and fair promisses could bring them to no reason Before they would harken to any proposition of his they demanded that the Lord high Constable should renounce and leav off the exercise of Vice-Roy and Governor which hee had begun to execute And whilest the Lord Admiral was thus treating with them the Iunta commanded a Proclamation to bee made against the Lord high Constable and the Earl of Alva de Lista as is before mentioned and other Noble-men And Don Pedro Giron with the Bishop of Zamora had orders to draw their Armie into the field which was seaventeen thousand Foot besides good store of hors and much Artillerie which had been brought from Medina del Campo Whereupon the Lord Admiral despairing of any Peace protested against them and returned to Rioseco beeing resolved to accept the Government joyntly with the Cardinal and the Lord high Constable in regard those fair conditions of agreement which hee offred were slighted and rejected Don Pedro Giron Captain-General for the Iunta and the Bishop of Zamoraâ— with his Souldiers and band of Priests marched out the 2â—th daie of November 1520 and quartered their Armie that night in Villabraxima Tordehumos Villagarzia and other places about Rioseco with intent to starve or drive the Cavaliers thence And indeed if the Commoners had been men at that time they might have done it From their head-quarters at Villabraxima they wrote to the Citie of Valladolid giving them an account of their advance and that before they fell upon Rioseco they would send a King at Arms to require the Lord Admiral and those of the Town of Rioseco to cast out those thievs and destroyers of the Kingdom as they called the Cavaliers if not that they would use means to take them and hinder the Cardinal's Government it beeing a thing contrarie to the Laws and Rights of the Kingdom SECT III. AFter this the Armie of the Iunta by waie of justification sent their Heralds or King 's at Arms to the Lord Admiral with the other Noble-men and Gentlemen then beeing in Rioseco requiring them not onely to leav that place but to go out of the Countrie and desiring those of the said Town to confirm themselvs to those of the Commonaltie in favor of his Majestie but this message was so ill resented that the Heralds found but sorrie entertainment being apprehended and disarmed by order from the Earls of Venavente and of Alva de Lista which beeing known by the Iunta's forces they presently advanced towards Rioseco The Bishop of Zamora marched in the Van with five thousand men fully resolved to do all the mischief hee could to the Cavaliers Hee was no sooner com to Villabraxima but the two hundred lances which the Marquis of Astorga had placed there took their heels flying with such disorder and haste that some of them lost their Arms before they could reach Rioseco and left the Place cleer for the Bishop who entering said Let
hee marched one night to Rodilana and falling in suddenly upon them hee killed and took most of them the rest fled Five or six daies after this the Earl of Haro having received other intelligence that in a small Town called lâ— Zarca six leagues from Tordesillas where arrived seven or eight hundred Souldiers from Segovia Hee incharged the same Don Pedro who was his Cosen German becaus hee had been so successful before to go and surprise the said Souldiers giving him two hundred hors and five hundred Foot to that effect Don Pedro with those men marched all night and going a great league about to avoid Medina del Campo hee set upon them unawares though the said souldiers retir'd fighting into a Church Don Pedro followed them so close that entring perforce after them hee killed and wounded many of them and brought almost all the rest prisoners to Tordesillas which was held an exploit of great valor conduct and importance SECT XII JOhn de Padilla the Bishop of Zamora and other Captains of the Commoâ—altie neglected no opportunities of advancing their Interest and infesting the advers partie It was concluded amongst them that Iohn de Padilla with the two thousand five hundred men hee brought from Toledo and Madrid should pitch his camp before Cigales a smal Town belonging to the Earl of Venavente two leagues from Valladolid and if they did not receiv them willingly that they should force their entrance but those of Cigales received them without making the least opposition and lodged them in their houses thinking no harm At midnight which was a base unworthie action the Souldiers gave the alarm through all the Town and beeing in arms they took all their Hosts who had so freely given them quarters and all the rest of the Town and having manacled and disarmed them not leaving them so much as a sword or dagger they put them all into the Church and set a strong Guard upon them saying They did so to secure the place becaus it belonged to an enemie The third of Ianuarie the Bishop marched again out of Valladolid at midnight with som companies of souldiers directly to Palâ—nâ—ia his new Bishoprick where hee staied som time after which hee gave out that hee would return to Valladolid but hee turned another waie and having sent his Scouts before to Moçon the next morning by break of daie hee assaulted the Fort of Valdepero whereof was Commander Andres de Ribera son in law to Doctor Tello who after a long dispute and several men killed on both sides the Bishop receiving fresh supplies from the Beherrias was enforced to surrender upon condition onely to secure the lives of those that were within The Bishop took the persons of the Governor his wife and Doctor Tello her father into his protection but could not or would not hinder his men â—rom plundering all their goods They found much very rich bootie within the Fort whereof the Bishop demanded a fifth part as beeing their Captain which they gave him yet hee that had least amongst the Souldiers carried away fourtie Duckets The Bishop grown glorious by this prize dispatched a messenger to Valladolid requiring them to send him more men that hee migâ—t take the other Forts about Fuâ—ntes and Palencia and put Gaâ—râ—sons iâ— them for the Commonaltie which done hee sent Doctor Tello his son-in-law aâ—d daughter prisoners to Valladolid with a Guard of thirtie Hors. SECT XIII THe Commanders of the Iunta's forces used all possible diligence to bee revenged of those of Simancas from whom they received continual affronts and mischief and therefore they sent for more meâ— to Toro Zamora Salamanca and Avila which they exspected daily for all those and other Cities were possessed with so much disdain and wilfulness that they asspired and studied nothing more then the mainteining of that War as if they thought that their onely means to Salvation whereof certainly there was weak probabilitie considering that for eleven months which those Domestick or Civil Wars had reigned in Spain the Divel had transported the hearts of men with this infernal furie If any one though but of an ordinarie capacitie did seâ—iously consider what destinie would befal those Citiâ—s sor denying their due obedience to their King hee granting more then they desired and persevering in such extravagâ—nt misdemeanors and cruelties to themselvs besides the ofâ—ens to God what could hee think but that they were quite bereaved of natural reason And that a Bishop CHRIST'S Vicar should make himself Captain of such ungratious miscreants O â—empora ô Mores Impudence and respectless audacitie were onely in esteem the vile inconsiderate multitude fought against the noble and virtuous Those that were of good extraction or possessed any considerable fortune durst not open their mouths for if by chance they did let fall any word which sounded not well in the other's ears presently their persons were committed to prisons their goods and estates confiscate and they proclaimed Traitors Such was the confusion such the corruption and reprobate estate of the Castillians in our Grandfathers times from the year 1519 until 1522 In which year God brought his Majestie back into these Kingdoms which returning to their obedience and beeing acknowledged by their King God raised them to the magnificence and glorie wherewith they flourished in former ages and enjoie yet at this present To the end the people may see what blessings hee bestow's upon subjects that are obedient to their Princes and how hee punisheth the contrarie for although the Taxes which they impose upon them bee heavie they heap upon themselvs grievances infinitely more insupportable by rising in Rebellion against them Though this strange Historie of the Commonalties seem opprobrious to this Nation and an indelible blot to the Castillian honor having broken their faith to their Sovereign for which they were so renowned in other ages yet it is exceeding profitable in this respect that Kings may know how to govern their Subjects without oppression and the subjects learn to obey without reluctancie for the contrarie can but produce such sad effects as wee both have and shall see hereafter But to return to our former relation I must tell you That the Garrison of Simancas holding themselvs secure by reason of the natural as well as the Artificial strength of the place went almost every daie Pekeering to the gates of Valladolid and not onely brought away all their goods and cattle they could meet withal but abused and reviled them with most shameful language calling them Dogs and Infidels bidding them turn Christians again In revenge whereof those of Valladolid so reaked their malice upon the Lord Admiral and other Noblemen in this manner The 11 daie of Januarie in the same year by order or at least consent of the Iunta they made a Proclamation that no Citizen or Inhabitant of Valladolid or Jurisdiction thereof should dare under great penalties to go to the Fairs or Marts of Villalon Rioseco or
the several Cities with the Bishop of Zamora and Iohn de Padilla agreed to draw all their forces into the field to stop all correspondence betwixt Valladolid and Tordesillas that the Treatie might not go forwards and to destroie and spoil all the Towns or houses they could thâ—t belonged to any of the Gentrie in Tordesillas With this resolution the Bishop of Zamora Iohn de Padilla with his Toledians Iohn Zapata with those from Madrid Iohn Bravo Captain of the Segovians and Francisco Maldonado who commanded the men of Avila and Salamanca went to the Iunta desiring that they would appoint a Captain General over them all and it is reported out of craft thereby to render him more odious to the Common People that they press'd to have that office conferred upon Don Pedro Lasso which plot was imputed to Iohn de Padilla who never was Don Pedro's friend The Iunta to satisfie them did name Don Pedro but hee desired som time to think upon it before hee would accept it and those that bare him no good will began to divulge his beeing made General in a disparaging manner saying It was more honor then hee deserved in regard hee had given them so much reason to suspect his fidilitie for holding correspondence with the Governors to sell them and that Iohn de Padilla was much more fit for that Command This was so much buzz'd amongst the people that they began to murmur highly against Don Pedro. The mutinie growing to such an height that Don Pedro and his friends not thinking themselvs secure prepared to make resistance in case they should assault them in their houses as som gave out they would And they saie the very school-boys instructed by their masters so to do ran crying up and down the streets Let Iohn de Padilla bee General and not Don Pedro Lasso The Bishop of Zamora sent him word that his safest waie would bee to absent himself from the Citie or at least to retire into some secret place for the people were very jealous of him and in their furie would bee apt to do him some displeasure but this was onely a plot to entrap him Don Pedro very resolutely returned the Bishop this answer That hee had done nothing that hee was ashamed of or ought to run awaie for and that hee would not stir out of his hous if the people had any thing to saie to him there they should finde him The people's design upon Don Pedro Lasso beeing publickly known some principal persons of the Citie came amongst them and so handled the matter that they all retired to their houses and there was no harm done SECT XXXIV THose of the Junta beeing in consultation about the ordering of their Armie for there was no more thought of peace some said that it was very requisite that they should have a Captain General and although Iohn de Padilla had executed the office ever since Don Pedro Giron had left it yet hee had not his Commission from the Junta neither had the present Armie which the several Cities had raised acknowledged him Som stood for Don Pedro Lasso de la Vega but the major part of the Junta and all the Common people Voted for John de Padilla Hee seeing that they would make him their Captain General out of a feigned modestie refused it earnestly desiring them all to give their Votes rather for Don Pedro Lasso who was more worthie and capable of so high a Charge then hee not that hee declined their service however but hee would content himself with the Command of the two thousand men which hee brought from Toledo with whom and with his own person hee would serv the Commonaltie to the last breath The people hearing that John de Padilla was like to bee outed they came crying in a tumultuous mannertothe Junta and presâ—ing them to make John de Padilla their General for no man els should bee And thinking that Dom Pedro Lasso was the onely man that hindred the election of John de Padilla the multitude ran presently to apprehend him in his hous laying to his charge that hee had used means to reduce them to his Majestie 's service that hee had been caus that the Cavaliers had taken Tordesillas having been in the conspiracie with Don Pedro Giron But the Bishop and John de Padilla followed and staied them in the great market place Assoon as ever the rabble saw the Bishop and him they flocked round about them crying out Let John de Padilla live let the Bishop live long may live John de Padilla who take's away the taxes of Castilla In this manner did the multitude carrie him up and down the market place hooting and shooting as if they had been all mad insomuch that Iohn de Padilla could not speak to them if hee would have said any thing they kept so horrid a nois saying Hee should bee their General and no other Iohn de Padilla and the Bishop seeing this fond madness of the people withdrew themselvs into a hous out of a window whereof Iohn de Padilla spake to them in this manner Sirs You know how I came hither Captain for the Citie of Toledo in favor of the Commonaltieâ— of this Kingdom to serv you you must know likewise that Toledo is not inferior to Valladolid but a fâ—iend to it and all the other Cities of the Kingdom who all agreed to send mee to assist you and with the same affection and willingness I have performed my part and whil'st I have breath I will omit nothing wherein I may serv you and I thank you for your good wills to mee But the Lords of the Iunta have determined to choos a Captain General for thir Expedition Believ mee sirs it is most fit that place should go by Election and I assure you that I was the first man that made that motion for that is the best and safest waie moreover those Gentlemen know very well what they do Hee scars had uttered these words but they all cried out Wee will have none but John de Padilla and the Bishop Thus they continued for the space of a long hour and more Iohn de Padilla entreating them to give their consents that Don Pedro Lasso might execute that office for nevertheless hee should bee readie to spend his father's and his own estate besides the ventring of his life in that Holie Caus for the service of the Commonaltie But no reason would stop their mouths they still continued crying hee and non els should bee their Captain Which obstinacie of the people beeing reported to those of the Iunta they Voted Iohn de Padilla Captain General of â—ll their forces From that daie forwards Don Pedro Lasso began to relinquish the Commonaltie and divers of his friends did the like seeing how blind and void of reason the people were and how much prejudice they did themselvs in following a people so overswaied with passion and the greatest part of them too but men of mean
with all their forces were The Towns which stood for the Commonaltie made great shews of rejoicing for this Victorie The Lord Admiral and those that were with him were cruelly netled hereat and beeing vexed more for their honor's sake then for the importance of the place they resolved to bee revenged So they gave notice forthwith to the Lord High Constable of all passages who commanded immediately four thousand men which hee had ready with four pieces of Ordnance to march by the waie of Palencia to Tordesillas whereof Don Iohn de Mendoça having intelligence sallied out of Valladolid with above four thousand Fooâ— and stopt their passage Tâ—e Cavaliers seeing they could get no succor that waie nor having men enough in Tordesillas to encounter Iohn de Padilla who was very strong besides all the Cities beeing their enemies they sent to demand a Truce for eight daies of Iohn de Padilla which although he and som of the Commissioners that were with him were not unwilling to grant yet they durst not without consulting with Valladolid for in regard they stood in great need of that Citie and were very much favored and assisted by them they bare them a singular respect and would determine nothing without their privitie This was communicated to all the people of Valladolid and discussed at length they all agreed to return this answer That they should by no means grant them any truce no not for one hour but proceed against them with all manner of rigor for it was most certain that they demanded a Truce for nothing els but meerly to recruit themselvs of men and provisions to the prejudice of the Commonaltie and if they did grant them eight or fifteen daies libertie by the ancient law of the Kingdom they might renew their Cessation still to ninetie and six daies and so from ninetie six to ninetie six until the year were out by which procrastinations the Commonalties would bee destroied and ruined and the people lose their courage and good zeal which at present did animate them to defend their Liberties yet notwithstanding Valladolid sent this answer the Commissioners of the Kingdom and the Commanders of the Armie did grant the Truce for eight daies from Sunday to Sundaie SECT XXXIX THis Cessation was demanded after the taking of Torrelobaton although that much displeased the Lord Admiral and Fray Francisco de los Angeles went to Valladolid in his and the Cardinal's name to treat thereof whom Alonso de Vera a bridler and one of the worshipful Citie officers meeting at the Gate del Campo treated very uncivilly and would not suffer to enter into the Citie After this Alonso de Ortiz with danger enough of his life ventured to return thither with Letters of credence to treat about the same business Who beeing entred into the Citie communicated his errand to Don Pedro de Ayala and Don Hernando de Ulloa whom hee found died in grain for his purpose and forth with they gave order that the Iunta should assemble to hear the message that Alonso de Ortiz brought from Tordesillas Which beeing heard and the Articles and conditions of the Truce being almost concluded and the time for the continuance thereof limited it chanced that Fray Pablo and Sancho Zimbron who â—arried the Articles of the Kingdom into Flanders to get them granted and auâ—horized by his Majestie as hath been alreadie mentioned arrived at Valladolid And hearing that they were about a Treatie of Cessation of Arms Fray Pablo presently sent notice of his arrival to the Iunta desiring them that they would not conclude of either Peace or War or Truce until hee came to give them an account of the employment upon which they had sent him into Flanders Hereupon that business was suspended until the evening And then the Commissioners of the Kingdom beeing set againe Fray Pablo came and gave them an account of his journie and what hee had done Amongst other relations hee told them that when hee came into Flanders the Emperor was gon into Germanie whither hee and Sancho Zimbron intended to follow him but by the waie hee was informed that his Majestie had given order if they came into Germanie to have them hanged Whereupon they went no further Moreover that hee knew that his Majestie was so displeased with those Articles and so incensed against those that had aâ—y hand in the making of them or in raising those Commotions in the Kingdom that at his return into Spain they should bee all severely punished notwithstanding any engagement or promises the Governors had made to the contrarie in his name This information the Frier gave the Commissioners of the Kingdoms besides divers other particulars which are too tedious to relate In conclusion hee told them that his advice was that they should contract neither Peace nor Truce with the Grandees but stand firm and unanimously persevere in their former resolution So that if his Majestie would com again into their Kingdom 〈◊〉 might bee through their means and not by the Grandees For that beeing done by a permissive will of the Kingdom they might make their own conditions and have what securitie they pleased besides they might so make their bargain that if his Majestie did not perform his agreement with them the Kingdom might remain united and agreed That all the people should assemble whensoever occasion did require and stick close one to the other in what concerned them for their defence and have sufficent assurance that the agreement made with them should bee performed Wherefore his opinion was that they ought not onely not to grant the Truce which was desired but couragiously to persist in the War until they had destroyed the Grandees and made the Commissioners of the Kingdom with the Iunta Lords of the Countrie Notwithstanding this discours of Fray Pablo the Commissioners commanded Ortiz to continue the Treatie After all this it hapned that the Frier sitting next to Ortiz and taking him to bee a Commissioner of som Citie that was com to the Iunta since his departure hee began to repeat som thing of his discours to the other Commissioners but chiefly harped upon the Emperor's intent to punish the Commoners notwithstanding any pardon the Governors should promise them in his behalf Whereupon not well brooking his speeches Ortiz asked him how hee knew the Emperor had any such thought Hee answered hee was told so Then Ortiz could hold no longer but with a voice that might bee heard by all in the room said That hee wondred that a man of his coat and gravitie beeing a Doctor of Divinitie who ought to give good example should positively saie a thing of such importance as that which hee had verified to those Gentlemen in these words That notwithstanding any pardon the Gavernors should grant confirmed by his Majestie those who had raised the Commotions in the Kingdom his Majestie would punish at his return as if they had been taken in the fact upon no other certaintie but onely
intention came to Toledo very well attended and was driven out by the Common people Such was the confusion of that Citie which DonÌ„a Maria Pacheco did uphold with as much courage as if shee had been a Captain long exercised in Martial affairs and therefore shee was generally callâ—d la Muger valerosa the valiant Woman The report goe's that shee made use of the Crosses in stead of Colors and to excite the people to compassion shee made her son to bee carried up and down the streets upon a Mule with a mourning Hood and Cloak on and in a Streamer the picture of her husband Iohn de Padilla beheaded Divers other things were said of her it may bee they were but feigned Amongst the rest That shee had a fancie that shee should bee a Queen which was put into her head by som Morisco witches at Granada At length her partie began to weaken and diminish Don Estevan Gabriel Merino prevailing against her who shewed himself a person of great conduct and prudence This Prelate who afterwards was Cardinal of San Vidal then governing the Bishoprick of Iaen and beeing Dean of Toledo assisted by the Marshal Payo de Ribera and other â—entlemen of that Citie having routed DonÌ„a Maria and her adherents turned them out of Toledo and shee having disguised herself in a Countrie-woman's habit and riding upon an Ass with som Gees in her hands escaped otherwise shee had lost her head aswel as her Husband So shee spun out the rest of her daies in exsile After this the Citie was reduced and enjoied the benefit of the general pardon with other good conditions which by reason of the War of Navarra were granted them and as they desired neither Don Iohn de Ribera nor any of his kindred were permitted to com into the Citie until the King returned into Spain they received Don Estevan Gabriel Merino and Doctor Zumel for their chief officers of Justice They pull'd down Padilla's hous to the ground which done they ploughed it and sowed it with Salt becaus the soil where the Captain of so great troubles and mischiefs had his birth and habitation should not produce so much as grass or weeds erecting there a pillar with an Inscription declaring the manner of his life and deplorable end SECT XXV ALthough the whole Kingdom almost was reduced the fear of punishment exceeding the hopes they had of carrying on their design Yet the Fort of Fermosel which was under the command and properly belonging to the Bishop of Zamora stood peremptorily upon their defence The Governors hereupon sent the Earl of Alva de Lista with a competent number of men to take it who requiring the Governor to deliver it to the Emperor hee answered that hee kept it in the Bishop of Zamora's name for his Majestie that if his Majestie did com thither and bring the Bishop with him whom the Duke of Naxara had taken prisoner hee would presently surrender it otherwise not The Earl laid siege to it hereupon but to small purpose for it was very strong The Duke of Naxara not long after sent to the Governors desiring them to command the siege to bee raised before â—ermosel becaus it belonged to his son the Bishop having â—xchanged it with him The Governors gave order forthwith that the Earl of Alva should give them Truce for twentie daies whilest they sent to the Emperor to know his Majesties pleasure The taking of the Bishop of Zamora was in this manner Hee seeing all his partie routed and that it was no boot for him to staie in Spain resolved to make France his refuge But beeing in the confines of Navarra at the same time the French King made his attempt upon that Countrie at a place called Villamediana a league from LogronÌ„o although hee had disguised himself hee was discovered and taken prisoner by an Alferez named Perote Who carried him thence to Navarrete a Town two leagues from Naxara where hee delivered him to the Duke Don Antonio who kept him there until the Emperor commanded him to bee carried to the Castle of Simancas where hee ended his daies as you shall hear SECT XXVI THe Citie of Valladolid wrote to the Lord Admiral desiring him to stand their friend as his Ancestors had done in former times Whereunto hee returned a very kind answer assuring them all the favor hee could do them or procure them from his Majestie so that they continned their contrition and acknowledgment of their errors and refrained from acting any thing misbecoming the obedience of Loyal and faithful subjects And to conclude this tedious relation I shall tell you onely that the Emperor beeing returâ—ed into Spain called a Counsel in Palencia where hee consulted of and concluded a general pardon for the whole Kingdom But some of the Commoners beeing brought to execution as shall bee hereafter mentioned the Castillians not knovving what had past in his Majesties Counsels began to bee possest with fears For the absolute distruction and banishing whereof the Emperor upon the 28th of October 1522 caused a great scaffold to bee erected in the chief market place of Valladolid and covered with rich cloth of gold and silk whereon his Majestie cloathed with long robes after the Antient manner all his Grandees and Council about him beeing seated his Attornie General with a rich Herald's Coat and one of the Clarks of the Exchequer named Gallo having made a long narration of the troubles and insurrections of Castilla read with a distinct loud voice the general pardon which his Majestie granted to the whole Kingdom wherein were excepted onely some threescore or fourscore persons whom in regard the greatest part of them were but ordinarie people some of them Friers and others already punished I shall not trouble my self to particularize onely the execution of Don Pedro Pimentel de Talavera who was taken at the battle of Villalar and his head was cut off in the publick place of Palencia The Commissioners of Guadalaxara and Segovia with some others beeing prisoners at la Mota de Medina del Campo the Alcalde Leguizama was sent thither to do Justice upon them Beeing there arrived hee commanded seven of them to bee brought out of the Common Gaol vvhere they were put with ropes about their necks and set upon Asses until they came into the chief market place of Medina where all their heads were cut off In the Citie of Vitoria a skinner of Salamanca and two or three more of his complices were executed on Fridaie the 14th of August 1522. That which was chiefly laid to the charge of the Commissioners and other Gentlemen vvas their daring to take possession of the Queen at Tordesillas turning avvaie the Marquis of Denia and his Ladie vvho had commands from his Majestie to attend her person And besides that some of them held correspondence vvith the King of France SECT XXVII THe Bishop of Zamora beeing taken as is related vvas brought aftervvards prisoner to the Fort of