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A33220 Seventeen sermons preach'd upon several occasions never before printed / by William Clagett ... with The summ of a conference on February 21, 1686, between Dr. Clagett and Father Gooden, about the point of transubstantiation. Clagett, William, 1646-1688. 1689 (1689) Wing C4396; ESTC R7092 211,165 600

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our Saviour to worship him as the Supreme God or not to worship him who really is so And here I cannot but observe how instructing our Saviour's Answer was for when the Devil tempted him to worship him Jesus might have refused it justly enough upon another score that no Honour was to be given to that Enemy of God and Man but when omitting that consideration he spoke to the point in this manner It is written Thou shalt worship c. he laid down a Rule to serve his Disciples in all like cases even where they might be called not to worship a Devil but a Saint not a bad Angel but a good one Thou shalt worship c. If it be pretended in the behalf of Saints that they have great power with God in Heaven and of Angels that they are his ministring Spirits and therefore they are to be honoured with Invocations and bodily Worship by us upon Earth we are to remember that when the Devil pretended to have the Power of the Earth delivered into his hands and promised that upon the desire of Jesus and a little prostration to him he would give it to him our Lord did not give him that answer which was peculiar to the particular case as that he was a lying and wicked Spirit and therefore no such acknowledgment was to be paid to him but such an Answer as supposed it Idolatry to pay the same respect to any other created Being Thou shalt worship the Lord thy God c. But because the Notion of Idolatry was of necessity the same under the Gospel that it was under the Law since without any new Notions of it the Apostles who were Jews Preached against Idolatry we cannot go a better way to work to confute this pretence That they who acknowledge one Supreme God cannot be guilty of Idolatry than by observing what was counted Idolatry under the Law. 1. Now we read 1 King. 11. that Solomon in his old age turned away his heart and worshipped other Gods viz. Ashtoreth and Milcom and Chemosh and Molech These were the Idols of the Nations round about the Israelites and all the World knows that the Service of Idols is Idolatry But now did Solomon renounce the God of Heaven and Earth the Supreme Governour of the World the God of Abraham Isaac and Jacob So he must have done according to the modern Notion of Idolatry or else he could not be guilty of it But if we may believe plain Scripture so he did not for mark what is said v. 4. His Wives turned away his heart after other Gods and his heart was not perfect with the Lord his God as was the heart of David his Father It seems then that his heart was not quite turned away from the Lord his God but it was not perfectly with him and that because he did not worship the Lord his God only but served other Gods besides Again v. 5 6. Solomon went after Ashtoreth the Goddess of the Zidonians and after Milcom the abomination of the Amonites and Solomon did evil in the sight of the Lord and went not fully after the Lord as did David his Father Now can that be said of one that utterly renounceth the Belief and worship of the Supreme Lord that his heart doth not go fully after the Lord These things are so plain that they need no illustration To be short in the old Testament these Worships were esteemed and condemned as Idolatry 1. To worship other Beings with the True God which was the case of Solomon now mentioned and of the Samaritans 2 Kings 17.41 Who feared the Lord and served their graven Images their own Gods. 2. To worship Idols only which seemed to be the case of Ahab and Manasseh who had given over the Service of the God of Israel but yet were not without all sense and apprehension of him but for all that they addicted themselves wholly to the Service of false Gods. 3. The worshipping of the True God by a material Image or Representation of him such for instance was the Idolatry of the Golden Calf which the Israelites intended for a Representation of that God which had brought them out of the Land of Egypt as it evidently appears from the Proclamation Exod. 32. These are thy Gods or this is thy God O Israel which brought thee up out of the Land of Egypt and Aaron built an Altar before it and made a Proclamation and said To morrow is a Feast to Jehovah or to the Lord. In vain it is said that the Israelites fell to the Egyptian Idolatry thus much I am willing to grant that the Israelites missing Moses took that very Representation of the Supreme God which they had seen in Egypt for it is a foolish thing to imagine that the Egyptians themselves were without any sense or apprehension of the Supreme God but that the Israelites fell to downright Egyptian Superstition and copied all that they had learnt in Egypt is undeniably false from this one argument that the Israelites offered Burnt-offerings and brought Peace-offerings unto the Image they had set up and as Jeroboam did afterwards they offered Bullocks and Rams to the Idol which Beasts being amongst the Egyptians held Sacred were never sacrificed to their Idols and for that very reason God commanded them to be offered to him so that the Israelites in their Sacrificing followed their Rule which they had received from God only but missing Moses they would have a visible Representation of the True God to go along with them and for worshipping it they were called Idolaters and punished as such The instance of the Calves of Dan and Bethel which Jeroboam did set up the worshipping of which is called Idolatry is to the same purpose for all he pretended was that it was too much for the Israelites to go up to Jerusalem to worship Behold says he thy Gods O Israel which brought thee up out of the land of Egypt 1 Kings 12.28 He did not forsake the God of Israel to follow other Gods but he set up material Images or Representations of the True God and it was his Idolatry to worship them Hence the Prophets whom God raised up in Israel did not charge the Worshippers of this sort for Deserters of the God of Israel though they inveighed against their Altars But when Ahab fell to worship other Gods it was particularly noted of him that he did therein what Jeroboam did not do this latter sort of Idolatry was laid to Ahab's charge 1 Kin. 16.31 to wit That as if it had been a small thing for him to walk in the sins of Jeroboam the son of Nebat he went and served Baal and worshipped him From all this it is plain that whereas in the New Testament the Apostles bid us beware of Idolatry my dearly beloved flee from Idolatry Little children keep your selves from Idols and the like They being Jews must necessarily by Idolatry mean the worshipping of the true God by Images or giving any
hearts I shall first endeavour to explain this reason for the diligent reading of the Scriptures and shall try to remove those Prejudices and Objections which some Men have thought fit to produce against it and lastly recommend it to your Care and Conscience by earnest Exhortation First as to the reason itself we may observe that the Apostle had in the foregoing Verses mentioned that Testimony which had been given to Jesus by a Voice from Heaven But says he we have also a more sure word of Prophecy i. e. we have yet a more convincing Testimony of God that Jesus is the Christ viz. The word of Prophecy Again it is said in the following Verses That no Prophecy of the Scripture is of private Interpretation or rather of the Prophets own skill and motion for so the Original will bear and the following words require For Prophecy came not of old time by the Will of Man but Holy Men spake as they were moved by the Holy Ghost From hence it is plain that which the Apostle speaks of that Testimony the Prophesies of the Old Testament give to Jesus by having foretold those things concerning the Messias which were fulfilled in Jesus and in him only So that St. Peter commends the Disciples of Christ for their diligent study of Moses and the Prophets because their Writings did abound with those Predictions concerning Christ which had raised an Expectation of him in the World before he came which would clearly demonstrate him to the World when he should come and which now were a most convincing Testimony that he was come and that Jesus in whom all those Predictions were fulfilled was he And that this is the sum of the Apostle's Argument will appear by considering these particulars of the Text. I. That the Old Testament is said to be the word of Prophecy II. A light shining in a dark place till the day dawned and the day-star arose in their hearts III. A sure Word IV. A more sure word of Prophecy 1. That the Old Testament is said to be the Word of Prophecy The Writings of Moses and the Prophets do indeed contain other Matters and particularly Histories of things past as well as Predictions of things that were to come and yet they are called the Word of Prophecy This implieth that the main design and business of those Holy Books was to foretel Christ by those Characters of his Person and Circumstances of his Appearance that should demonstrate him afterwards And though upon other Accounts the Prophets had their several Arguments of Writing yet in this they all conspired as St. Peter told Cornelius and his Company To him give all the Prophets witness that whosoever believeth in him should receive remission of Sins Acts 8.43 And this might in great part be made good by producing the clearest Prophecies of all concerning Christ those which speak directly of him and of nothing else but those Circumstances by which he should be known Of this sort was that Prediction of Jacob that he should come before the final Subversion of the Jewish State The Scepter shall not depart from Judah till Shiloh come And that of Daniel's 70 weeks which punctually sixeth the time of his Manifestation and Sufferings from the Persian King's decree for the rebuilding the Walls of Jerasalem But besides such Prophecies as these there is a great abundance of another sort such namely as are mixed with some things which the Prophets spake of themselves or others of which kind that seems to be one instance which St. Peter with good success alledged to the Jews Acts 2.25 David speaketh concerning him the Lord is on my right hand that I should not be moved therefore did my heart rejoyce and my tongue was glad moreover also my flesh shall rest in hope because thou wilt not leave my Soul in hell neither wilt thou suffer thine holy one to see corruption Now the former Expressions and indeed the rest of the Psalm might well be applied to David himself but the latter were too magnificent to be true of him in any good sense and therefore St. Peter argued from hence in this manner Men and Brethren let me freely speak unto you of the Patriach David that he is both dead and buried and his Sepulchre is with us unto this day therefore being a Prophet and knowing that God had sworn with an Oath unto him that of the Fruit of his Loins according to the Flesh he would raise up Christ to sit upon his Throne He seeing this before spake of the Resurrection of Christ that his Soul was not left in Hell neither did his Flesh see Corruption Now it is no disparagement to these Prophecies that some passages they are joyned with were meant of other Persons as well as of Christ since it seemeth to me an Argument of the care of Divine Providence to fill the Holy Books with Predictions concerning Christ that are not only diverse Prophecies which speak entirely of him and of him only but upon all fit occasions the spirit of Prophecy broke out into those things which concerned him and though other matters were begun with yet if there was any congruity in the subject it perpetually diverted into this Hereunto we may add those passages which in their first meaning signified some things past or present and yet were designed to presignifie Christ too such as these Out of Egypt have I called my Son and a Bone of him shall not be broken the former being first meant of the Children of Israel the latter of the Paschal Lamb both afterwards fulfilled in Christ again the true Son of God the true Paschal Lamb. Nay the Omission of Melchisedeck's Descent Birth and Death did at length appear to hint this signification that Christ whose Type he was had neither beginning of days nor end of life So truly is the Old Testament the word of Prophecy that the very Omission of this thing was Prophetical To conclude this point the most Illustrious Persons of the Old Testament as Moses and Aaron and Joshua and David and Solomon were designed by Divine Providence to represent before-hand by lively resemblances what the Messias should be and what he should do afterwards and the most memorable passages of the History of the Israelites together with the presence of God in the Tabernacle and in the Temple and the whole frame of the Levititical Service were clear and natural Types of the Messias and of a more perfect state of things under him foretelling in Things as other Prophecies did in Words The sum of all is this That there is a vast plenty of Predictions in the Old Testament concerning Christ and if we will take the pains to examine the Truth of these general heads by more particular Enquiries we shall find that the Affairs of the Jewish Nation and the writing of the Holy Books were so over-ruled by the Divine Spirit that when we come to look into them we cannot lightly turn our selves any way but we