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A16796 The copie of a letter vvritten by M. Doctor Allen: concerning the yeelding vp of the citie of Dauentrie vnto his Catholike Maiestie, by Sir VVilliam Stanley knight. VVherin is shevved both hovve lavvful, honorable and necessarie that action vvas; and also that al others, especiallie those of the English nation that detayne anie tovvnes, or other places, in the lovve countries from the King Catholike are bound, vpon paine of damnation, to do the like. Before vvhich is also prefixed a gentlemans letter, that gaue occasion, of this discourse. Allen, William, 1532-1594.; R. A., fl. 1587.; Ashton, Roger, d. 1591, attributed name. 1587 (1587) STC 370; ESTC S112764 16,431 30

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haue folowed that side haue done before them Which I speake of charitie loue compassion of my deare countriemen being assured that if they perish in bodie as it is to be feared they shal do in that seruice they shal lose their soules also euerlastingly shal aeternally curse those that ledde them out of their countrie to so certayne perdition Let not the memorie of the old English notorious battailles and victories vvhich in old time vvere cōparable to vvhat prouinces or peoples vvere most famous nor the esteeme either true or partial of their present streingth courage in Englād make them obstinate in so dangerous and doubtful state of thinges Let them not flatter them selues nor be abused by others it goeth not vvholy nor principally nor oftentimes at al by the streingth or might of mannes arme if they vvere as they pretend but God striketh the stroke and geueth the victorie according to his Diuine disposition to the vvorthie to such as serue him put their trust in him confesse vvith the Prophet That Nec in gladio suo possederūt terrā brachiū eorū nō saluauit eos sed dexteratua brachiū tuū Neither in their owne svvorde haue they possessed the land their owne arme hath not saued them but thy right hād ô God thy arme When our Princes did Praeliari praelia Domini Fight the sightes of our Lord As holie vvritte saith of Dauid being in armes against King Saul then depriued and their subiectes souldiars serued feared God reuerenced his Priestes had their confessours vvith them in campe dayly heard Masse deuoutly adored the Blessed Sacrament called on Christ his holie Angels and Sainctes and the special Patrones of their persons or countrie for their defence liued in martial discipline order obedience religiously according to S. Iohn Baptistes rule geuen to men of that condition abstayning from rape and violence tovvardes the innocent cōbating only for their faith or their countries right thē both amongst the Infidelles Heathen also among their Christian neighboures their fightes vvere famous thier conquestes glorious and the English armes redoubted in al places But novve hauing forsaken God God forsakē them vvhen they take no quarel in hand but for the dishonorable defence of Rebelles Pyrates Infidels vvhen their Princes are become Socij furū quasi lupi rapientes praedam Companions of theeues and rauenous woolues and publike enimies of al true Kinges and lavvful Dominion keeping fidelitie neither vvith Gòd nor man though they vvere as strong and valiant as euer they vvere of provvder conceipt of their ovvne courage cunning then at this day they pretend yeat God vvil confunde them such à feare vvil be put into their hartes that they shal flie vvhen no man persecuteth them à thousand shal runae avvay before the face of one Catholike that fighteth for Gods Church These things my deare countriemē you haue either seene with your ovvne eyes or by assured faithful testimonie of others haue heard to haue fallen in al these vvarres of Flaunders shal dayly proue it by your ovvne experiēce to be most true that no humane streingth or desperation can match God that it neuer fel vvel vvith him that opposeth him selfe to Christ his holie Church To vvhich Church the Prophet playnly saith Gens et regnum quod tibi non seruierit peribit The Nation and Kingdome that serueth not thee shal perish Novve in such euident imminēt dāger of destructiō death as vvel of bodie as soul to al such as folovve these nevv English quarels it vvere bootlesse to put you in mind of the impossibilitie of aduauncement by those vvarres vvhat so euer your successe be your selues hauing dayly experience of the intolerable distresles both there at home hovve shamfully they vvhich vvere the authors of such vvarres novve are the chiefe leaders of the same haue abused al sortes of our countriemen enforcing manie à Gentleman and substantial person to serue of their ovvne charges to spoile them selues at home in hope of their inriching abrode Who novve finding al things cōtrarie to promise expectatiō are so entangled that they neither dare go● home for feare of hanging nor can wel endure these miseries abrode for feare of dying shamfully miserably in forraine countries Nothing being leift for their reliefe indeed in this perplexitie but only to do that if they haue grace vvhich you haue both vvisely godly honorably done praeseruing your soules for life glorie euerlasting your persons for the seruice of our Church and countrie in better times to come In the meane while to occupie the fortitude and forces of your bodie and minde vvhich are Gods special gifts as S. Augustin saith in the seruice of the Almightie and of the greatast iustest Monarch in the vvorld vnder à General so peerles vvho can vvil according to the vvorthines of your courage condition and qualities advaunce you bestowe you in such places of seruice where you may encrease in honour and knovvledge and so be in time vvhē it shal please God to haue mercie of our desolare countrie not only restorers of old militare vertue and discipline in the same but be notable helpers by the valerous arme of your Christiā Knighthoode to reduce our people to the obedience of Christes Church deliuer our Catholike freindes brethrē from the damnable vntolerable yoke of Haeresie and her most impure leaders It is novve some yeares agoe sith à Gentlman Capitaine of my name vvished to say the truth conferred earnestly vvith me about it that as vve had certaine Seminaries and Colledges for praeseruation or restitution of the Cleargie vvhen the time should come to serue God in our countrie so that there vvere some compainies of English souldiars also to be trayned vp in Catholike and old godly militare discipline for the helpe of our said countrie in that kind likevvise Which thing being honorably begune by diuers Noblemen and Gentlemen before so I trust God hath brought to passe in you nowe that it shal be finished to the vniuersal comfort of vs al and the great good and hope of our Nation For redressing the euils vvherof it is as lavvful godly glorious for you to fight as for vs Priestes to suffer and to die Either the one vvay or thother for defence of our fathers faith is alvvais in the sight of God à most precious death and martyrdome And great comfort truly it is to me and hope to our poore coūtrie that in this our desolation our merciful Lord hath leift vs seed in both sortes And that I may truly say to you the vvordes of S. Augustin to Coūtie Boniface Alij pro vobis orando pugnant cōtra inuisibiles inimicos vos pro eis pugnatis cōtra visibiles Barbaros God saith he geueth his giftes
against vvicked King Achab and cursed Iesabel nor to see permit and proue them for their impietie condignly punished vvherunto the very Priestes and Prophetes of God did by counsel and encouragemēt cooperate In vvhich case vve may see for our instruction not only tovvnes vniustly detayned to be restored to the true Lordes but an impious Kings ovvne countries also cities lavvfully by reuolt of the people yeelded vp to other mennes handes As the Scriptures do recorde of the countries and cities of Edom and Lobna VVhich reuolted from King Ioram and from the Dominion of Iuda for euer yeelding this cause therof Dereliquer at enim Deum patrum suorū For saith the holie storie he had forsaken the God of his fore-fathers To forsake them that forsake God is most lavvful honorable necessaire As contrarievvise to serue and defend them vvhom God by the sentence of his high Priest Tribunal in earth hath pulled dovvne vvil haue punished is to fight against God and to resist his ordinaunce And I pray you Gentlemen to geue you domestical examples vvhat disgrace or shame vvas it for al the chiefe Lordes of our countrie to reuolt from King Iohn in his dayes absolutly to denie him ayde assistence euen in his lavvful vvarres vntil he returned againe to the obedience of the Sea Apostolike and vvere absolued from the Censures of the same vvhich he had iustly incurred Or for the English Nobilitie specially for the renovvmed Stanley one of this Sir William his house and name to reuolt from King Richard the Tyrant and to yeeld him selfe and his charge to Henrie the seuēth vvhat dishonour vvas it for the Nobilitie of England in our memories to forsake Iane the pretended Quene Northumberland the father of him vvhom novve you haue forsakē to yeeld the Tovvre committed to their custodie and them selues to the lavvful and most Religious Quene Marie Notvvithstanding vvhat vniust bandes of oth or promisse soeuer they had made of feare pusilanimitie to the said vsurper Haeretical Quene before In al these the like there is neither sinne nor shame nor scandal committed For that to reuolt is of it selfe lavvful or vnlavvful honorable or othervvise according to the iustice or iniustice of the cause or difference of the person from or to vvhō the reuolt is made Wherin vvhen the right from the vvrong is euident in the Capitaines or souldiars conscience in al godlie mēs sight cleare vndoubted there nedeth no more discussing of the matter To conclude breifly In these vvarres al others that may at any time fal for Religiō against Haeretikes or other Infidels euerie Catholike mā is bound in conscience to enforme him selfe for the iustice of the cause The vvhich vvhen it is doubtful or toucheth Religiō as is said he ought to imploy his person forces by directiō of such as are vertuous and intelligent in such cases but specially by the general Pastour of our soules being Christes vicare in earth Whose soueraigne authoritie vvisdome deriued from Christ him selfe may best instruct and vvarrant à christian souldiar hovve farre vvhen and vvhere either at home or abrode in ciuil or foraine vvarres made against the enimies or Rebelles of Gods Church he may and must breake vvith his temporal soueraigne and obey God and his spiritual Superiour Againe Gentlemen by this your retiring your selues from the seruice of Gods and the churches enimies you haue not only prouided vvel for your consciences honour saluation but also for the encrease of your knovvledge and experience in art militare and of the exact order discipline to be obserued in the same being novve to serue vnder so vertuous valerous fortimate famous and victorious à General as hath had fewe peers in these latter ages And in companie of so manie valiant and expert Capitaines and souldiars of diuerse Nations as no vvhere in Europe better can be founde Which your selues my maisters may more easely consider by comparing your late General my Lord of Lecester his vertues famous factes scilicet vnto the glorious exploytes victories atchiued by the Duke of Parma his Highnesse Or the disorder of the English irreligious and licentious companies to the religious discipline of the Catholike campe Betvven vvhich I doubt not but you finde à meruelous difference and shal do dayly more and more to your infinite contentment Would to God by your honorable example al others our deceiued countriemen vvould begince to thinck earnestly hovve to discharge them selues of that dangerous infamous seruice of Haeretikes and Rebelles and render them selues into this most iust and godlie course that you are happely entred into Which they should the rather speedely resolue vpon for that they can not be so ignorant of the times lately past or the present dayes but they must nedes haue marked hovve God him selfe fighteth for the iust causes of his Catholike Maiestie and generally for al Catholike Armies against Haeretikes and Rebelles Wise men haue noted that though God for our sinnes hath suffered and stil doth permit Haeretikes to keepe great broiles in al partes almost of the vvorld for à time yeat he euer hath put them in fine to confusion geuing the victorie lightly in al battailes and encounters to the Catholikes And that oftentimes very miraculously defeating as in the vvarres of the Machabees els vvhere in old time great numbers vvith à very fevve for one Catholike à thousand Haeretikes slaine and many glorious victories obtained vvithout any bloudshed For Luther Zvvinglius his time I referre you to the recordes of Germanie and Svvizerland vvhich set dovvne the ouerthrovves of Haeretikes in the filde The fightes in Fraunce vvhere the Catholikes euer haue had also the victorie be in al our memories meruelous But of al others those of Flauders are most memorable Where besides the conflictes at Grunning Mock Mounts Rosandal Zeriksea Northorne Amerone Antvvarpe Luart Gemblovve the like in euery of vvhich the Lord God of Hosts mercifully fighting for his ovvne cause the Catholike Kinges right verie few Catholikes vvithout any losse of men in māner slevve and defeated manie thousandes of vvel appointed souldiars the same most iust God of reuenge hath notoriously put to rebuke and confusion al such forrein Princes and people as came to ayde his enimies And sometimes by his iust iudgement hath brought them to ruine euen by those same Haeretikes Rebelles that called for them and for vvhose protection they came into that countrie As vve haue seen both in the case of the Almaine French succourses And the like lucke seemeth to approch vnto our English forces except our Lord vvhich I hartely pray for cal them from that vniust and infamous seruice of Haeretikes VVho hauing the perpetual curse of Christ his holie Church lying heauely vpon them can no more escape speedie destruction then others who vnluckely
this point that as al actes of iustice vvithin the realme done by the Quenes authoritie euer since she vvas by publike sentence of the Church and Sea Apostolike declared an Haeretike and an enimie of Gods Church and for the same by name excōmunicated deposed from al regal dignitie as I say euer sithence the publication therof al is voide by the lavve of God and man so likevvise no vvarre can be lavvfully denounced or vvaged by her though othervvise in it selfe it vvere most iust Because that is the first condition that is required in iust warre that it be by one denounced that hath lawful and supreme povvre to doe the same as no excōmunicate person hath especially if he be vvithal deposed frō his Regal dignitie by Christ his ovvne vicare vvhich is the supreme povvre in earth And al subiectes are not only absolued discharged of their seruice oth homage obediēce but specially forbidde to serue or obey any such canonically cōdemned person Nos sayth Gregorie the seuēth Sanctorum Praedecessorum nostrorum Statuta tenentes eos qui excommunicatis fidelitate aut Sacramento constricti sunt Apostolica authoritate à sacramento absoluimus ne eis fidelitatem obseruent omnibus modis prohibemus that is wee according to our Praedecessors Decrees do assoyle and discharge al them that by obligation of oth or fidelitie are bound to persones excommunicate and that they doe not obey such we do expresly forbid And for their discharge especially that serue in such vvarres there is an expresse Canon of Vrbanus the second Iuratos milites Hugoni Comiti ne ipsi quandiu excommunicatus est seruiant prohibeto qui si sacramentum pratenderint moneantur oportere Deo magis seruire quam hominibus Fidelitatem enim quā Christiano principi iurarunt Deo eiusque Sanctis aduersanti eorum praecepta calcanti nulla cohibentur authoritate persoluere Which is thus in oure toung Geue order that the sworne souldiars of Countie Hughe serue him not so long as he stadeth excommunicate And if they praetēd their former oth made vnto him admonish them that God is to be serued before men For that oth which they made to him then when he was à Christian Prince is not nowe to be kept towardes him being an enimie to God his Sainctes à breaker cōtemner of their cōmaundementes These fevve as I might doe much more I alleadge that you may see the sense of the Catholike Church vvhich to you that be the children of the same vvil be à ful vvarrant for al your actions à guide for al Gentlemen persons of rightly informed consciences hovve to behaue them selues vvhen not only the warres are for Religion but vvhen any excommunicate or canonically condemned Prince is one partie Whom no man by lavve can serue nor geue ayde vnto but he falleth into Excommunication And therfore vvhē S. Augustin vvriteth that sometimes it falleth out that à iust man may serue à vvicked sacrilegious King in the vvarres for obediēce to his superiour so that nothing be cōmaunded him plainly against Gods praeceptes especial exception is made in Kinges excommunicated Who differ in this case in respect of seruice obediēce of their subiectes and are in à vvoorse Praedicament then any either heathen or vniust Prince or Potētate vvho so euer yea then Iuliane the Apostata him selfe vvhom to serue in iust vvarres causes Christian souldiars vvere not by the Church then prohibited but only vvere as vvel by the lavve of God as the Church forbidden to serue him in any vvarre or vvoorke against Christ and Christians or vvhen he vvent about to destroy the true Religion But vvhere for defection from the faith or other enormities not tolerable the sentence of Excommunication Depositiō is also adioyned there can neither be lavvful vvarres nor any dutie of seruice in the same allovvable So great à crime it is in à Prince that is exalted by God to administer iustice to defend Christs Church the faithful people therof and taketh à solemne corporal oth at his coronatiō by his vvoorde might to obserue maintayne the lavves priuilegies of holy Church al praerogatiues graunted by his praedecessours to the same and to honour the Bisshoppes Clergie of his realme aftervvard neglecting his oth promise and vocation to bend al his povvre to destroy Gods Religiō Church Priestes become an enimie to al humane societie This then being the miserable condition of such Princes as be cutt of by the Churches Censures from the felovvshippe of the faithful you may see vvhat à dishonorable thing it is for men of honour or honestie to striue by armes for the vpholding of them vvhō God by his iust iudgemētes the Churches sentence doth pul dovvne And thervvith perceiue that those that breake vvith God can not claime any bōde of oth or fidelitie of them that were their subiectes And least of al of christian Knightes Gentlemen of armes the principal institution and professiō of al such noble orders being for defēce of the true Catholike Apostolike faith and to be svvorne aduersaries and persecutors of Gods enimies the Crosse and Cognissaunce they vveare protesting the same As contrarievvise no Haeretike can be à lavvful souldiar but by the imperial and canon lavves is to be degarded of militare dignitie armes and to be spoyled of his militare girdle as they then spake For Haeresie maketh à man by al christian lavves infamous and voideth him of al degrees and titles of honour among vvhich militare order is of olde time vvas so great that euery man of armes vvas capable of the Imperial souereigntie Therfore as in yeelding vp the places vniustly possessed you did an act of restitution iustice so Gentlemen in forsaking the vvarres of the other side for so many respectes as I haue saide dishonorable vnlavvful damnable you haue done doubtlesse agreably to your christian knighthood an act much renovvmed in al these partes of the best vvisest of al degrees And the same that you haue done al other of honour conscience and Religion of our countrie are bound to doe as vvel in this vvarre as in al other vvhich either at home or abrode is vvaged for or against Religion After King Saul vvas by God and the Prophets sentence as it vvere excommunicated and deposed it vvas no fault for Dauid or others either of the Priestes or people to reuolt from him nor for the vvorthie Capitaine Abner to reuolt from Saules sonne that claimed the Kingdome by the pretended right of his father nor for any other Capitaines or souldiars of Saules side novve deposed to render vp al they had in their gouernments to King Dauid and his posteriposteritie It vvas no crime but great commendation for Ioiada the high Priest to reuolt from the vsurping Quene Athalia nor for others to do the same