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A15863 The discouerie and conquest of the prouinces of Peru, and the nauigation in the South Sea, along that coast And also of the ritche mines of Potosi.; Historia del descubrimiento y conquista del Peru. English Zárate, Agustin de, b. 1514.; Nicholas, Thomas, b. ca. 1532. 1581 (1581) STC 26123; ESTC S111812 127,592 201

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Mitimaes Out of euery Prouince throughout his whole Dominiō they brought yerely vnto their prince certein tribute of such things as the countrey yealded in so much that in some barrain soiles where no good commoditie grew yet from thence they sent yerely also to the king in token of duetie obedience certain loades called burthens of litle Lizarts as far as 300. leagues from cusco This Prince Guaynacaua did réedifie the Temple of the sun which was of old time foūded in the citie of Cusco séeled the Roofes and walles thereof with boordes of siluer and golde And because a certaine noble mā which ●welled in the playnes had rebelled against him called chimocappa who was a man of great possession and had more then one hundred leagues of ground he went personally against him slew him in the field cōmaunded that from thenceforth no Indiā of the plaines should at any time were weapon which o●der is kept vntill this day yet notwithstanding his successor enioyed through the Princes fauour y e prouince of chimo where at this present standeth the citie of Trugillio Guaynacaua and his father toke an order for the breeding of cattaile by meane whereof the coūtrey was wel prouided out of the which they payd tithing which they sacrificed to the sun The chiefe cause of the estimation of gold amōg the Indians was because the king made al the vessell for the seruice of his court of that mettal and also Iewels for his person offerings for the Temple The king had alwaies a chaire of gold caried with him to sit in of 16. carrets in fines which was estéemed at 25000 dukets this chaire was one of the things y e Don Francisco Pisarro chose for his iewel at the time of y e conquest For according to the articles of agréement betwéene his Maiestie him was agreed that of y e best Iewels which should be found or taken at any victorye hee should haue one out of y e first choise of the whole treasure At y e birth of the first manchild which Guaynacaua had he cōmāded a cable of gold wier to be made in remēbrance of y e birth of his sonne that was of such greatnes as many Indiās do affirme which are as yet liuing that 200. strong men could scarcely lift or beare and also in remembrance of this memorable iewel he named his sōne Guasca which in y e Indiā spéech is called a cable or great rope added therunto for his sirname Inga which is as much to say as Emperour This example I thought good to declare in this place for to conuince an opinion which is held in Spayne among such as know not the fashions of India and was how that people esteemed no golde nor yet knew the valew therof although it is true that they had many strāge vessels wrought of siluer and golde and also images of men wemen sheepe and many other kinde of beasts and sundry kindes of herbes wrought in the same metall of exceeding cunning workmanship Of the estate of the warres when the Spaniards came into Peru. Chap. 15. ALthough the principal intent of this Historie was to set out the things hapned to the Spaniards which at that time conquered the land and of their discouery since But sithens this could not wel be done without touching somewhat of the estate of the Indians which then ruled And also that it may be vnderstood it was the diuine permission that the Spaniards should come thither at such time as the land was deuided into two parcialities for otherwise it wold haue séemed not only difficult but also almost impossible Therefore I will recite in briefe the estate which the Spaniards found the countrey in at their arriual After that Guaynacaua had brought into subiection to great a number of Prouinces to his Empire for y e space of 500. Leagues accounting from Cusco westward hée then determined to goe in person to conquere the Prouince of Quito in the vttermost part whereof finished his dominion So that he prouided on his iorney thitherward with a great armye and being come thither and hauing finished and quyeted that Prouince he delighted much in that countrey because it was a pleasant Soyle and holesome for his complection whereupon hee abode there a great space leuing in the citie of Cus●o certain of his Sonnes and Daughters amonge whom was his eldest sonne called Guascar Inga Mango Inga and Paulo Inga and diuerse others And in Quito hee married another Wife Daughter vnto the Lorde of that Countrey and of her hee begot a Sonne called Atabaliba who hee loued excéedinglye so that now hée determined to returne to Cusco leauinge his Sonne with a Tutor in Quito but in this returne hee found the Calsey in the Mountayne broken and spoyled as herebefore hath béene declared After hee had abode in Cusco certaine yeares hee determined to returne againe to Quito not onely because that Countrey contented him much but also with desire to sée his Wife and young Sonne whom he loued more than any other of his Children and this Iorney hee tooke in hande by the highe waye that was made in the Playnes and from this time forward hee retourned no more to Cusco but abode all his life time in Quito gaue that Land or Prouince which hee had with force conquered to his Sonne Atabaliba because the same had béen of his Grandfathers Whan Guaynacaua died his Sonne Atabaliba tooke pocession of his Armye and of all his Fathers ritches which were in that Prouince although his greatest treasure was lefte in his Treasury in the Cittie of Cusco in the custody of his eldest Sonne vnto whom Atabaliba sente Embassadors giuinge him to vnderstand the decease of his Father and also submittinge himselfe to his obedience beséechinge his Maiesty that hée would ratifie the gift of his Prouince of Quito which the Father of them both had left vnto him considering that that Prouince of Quito was conquered by their Father after the maryage with his Mother and moreouer the Lande came by his Mother and Auncestors and was not pertayning to the Crowne of cusco or his inheritance Guascar made answere that hée should come to Cusco and render vp vnto him the Army and in so dooinge hee would giue vnto such Landes as should maintaine him like a man but the state of Quito hée shoulde not haue because it was the vttermost part of his Kingdome and from thence hée ment to conquer forward and alwaies there to maintayne a Garrison as a Frontier And if vpon this warninge hee refused to come vnto him that then hée would bend his power against him as an open enemy Atabaliba tooke counsell vpon this matter with two of his Fathers Captaynes who were both wise and valyant in the Warres The one was called Quizquiz and the other cilicuchima who counsailed that hee should not abide his Brothers comminge but that it might please him to begin to take that
dispatched backe againe with this aunswere the Estate of the Cittie calling to remembraunce howe Gomer de Tordoya who was one of the chéefest of Councell of the Cittie was at that instaunt recreating him selfe abroade in the Countrey They agréede to send aduertisement vnto him of all the procéedinges of Don Diego but it so happened that theyr Messenger mette him comming towarde the Cittie and when they had enfourmed him of theyr Message he hauing a Merlin Hawke vpon his fyst wrested the head from the body saying from henceforwarde it is more conuenient to exercise Feates of Warre then to goe a Hawking And comming towarde the Citie he entred in the night season where secretly he dealt with the Estate of the Citie in Councell what was most necessarie to be done and then he departed agayne to the place where Captayne Castro was with whome he concluded to sende a Messenger to Pedro Asueres Lieutenaunt of Charcas to wyll him to ryse on the behalfe of his Maiestie and then the sayde Gomer de Tordoya with all his power went after Pedro Aluarez Holguin who was gone with a hundred men to encounter with certayne Indians and with good happe he ouertooke him at which méeting he certified him of the newes at Cusco beséeching him to accept the charge of so iuste and honourable an Enterpryse as to be theyr generall and chéefe Ruler ouer theyr Hoste in consideration whereof he also offered to be his Soldiour and the first man that should obey him Upon which request Pedro Aluares accepted the charge incontinent spread his Ensigne in the behalfe of his Maiestie And this being done they conuocated the inhabitauntes of the Cittie of Arequipa with whome they went to Cusco where at theyr comming they found many congregated on the behalfe of Don Diego who foorthwith fled towardes him to the number of fiftie personnes After whome followed Captayne Castro and Hernando de Bachiaco with certayne Hargabusiers who ouertooke them in the night season and apprehended them with whome they returned to Cusco The Councell of Cusco hearing of this good successe came and ioyfully receyued him and with conformitie of all the Captaynes bothe swore and chose Pedro Aluares Holguin for Captayne and chéefe Iudge of all the dominions of Peru vntyll such tyme as his Maiestie should otherwyse prouide whereupon warre was proclaymed against Don Diego and his retinew The Cittizens also of Cusco bound themselues to paie all such summes of money which he should spend of the Kings Treasure among his Soldiours if that his Maiestie should not thinke well or accept the same in iust and lawfull accoumpt And for the furnishing of these procéedinges all the Cittizens of Charcas Arequipa and Cusco offered theyr goodes and personnes so that in shorte space there ioyned together aboue .350 men of whome were .150 Horsemen a hundred Hargabusiers and a hundred Pykemen But notwithstanding Pedro Aluares hauing intelligence howe Don Diego had eyght hundred men and more in his Campe he therefore durst not abyde his comming in the Cittie of Cusco but rather chose to passe with his power into the Mountaynes to ioyne with Alonso de Aluarado who lykewise was rysen on the behalfe of his Maiestie and also expecting there to méete with the fréendes and Seruitors of the Marquesse which were hydden in those Desartes So that he procéeded with his company in good order meaning that if Don Diego should happen to méete him on his way to giue him battayle And when he departed from Cusco he lest for the defence of the Cittie as many men as was thought sufficient for that purpose he appoynted Gomez de Tordoya for Campe maister and Garcilaso Delauega and Pedro Asuerez for Captaynes of the Horsemen and the charge of the Infauterie or Footemen he commended to Captaine Castro and the Offices of Alerez of the Standard royall he committed to Martine de Rolles How Don Diego went to seeke Pedro Aluarez and finding him not he passed to Cusco Chap. 12. DOn Diego hauing vnderstanding of the procéedinges in Cusco and how Pedro Aluarez was departed out of the Cittie with all the power that he might make wherupon he iudged that he was gone into the Mountaynes to ioyne with Alonso de Aluarado so that he determyned to méete him on the way and to stoppe his passage the which his pretence he could not bring to passe with such expedition as he desired for staying for Garcia de Aluarado whome he had sent for by Poste at whose cōming they left procéeding after Alonso de Aluarado and at the tyme when they came to the Cittie of Trugillio he was mynded againe to disturbe his passage had not the Towne of Leuanto which standeth in Chachapoyas perswaded him to the contrarie When Garcia de Aluarado was come to the Citie of the Kinges Don Diego foorthwith tooke his iourney against Pedro Aluarez with thrée hundred Horsemen one hundred Hargabusiers and a hundred and fiftie Pikemen But before his departure he banished out of the Coūtrey the Lord Marquesse children and beheaded Antonio Picado after that he had extreamely racked him and put him to sundry tormentes onely that he should confesse where the Lord Marquesse Treasure lay This done he procéeded on his iorney but before he had passed two leagues from thence came secretly certayne prouisions from the Lycenciate Vaca de Castro which were sent from the coūtrey of Cuito directed to father Thomas de Saint Martine Francisco de Barrio Nueuo giuing vnto them thereby authoritie to deale in the gouernment of the Countrey vntyll that he him selfe might come thether Wherupon the Estate and Councell of the Cittie had secrete conference obaying the prouicions which were at that instant orderly presented and admitted the Lycenciate Vaca de Castro for Gouernor and Geronimo de Aliaga for his Lieutenaunt because he was so appointed by lyke prouisions After the doing of these things the Aldermen fled to the Cittie of Trugillio and many other Cittizens in theyr company these things were not so secretly done but the same night Don Diego had vnderstanding of all at large whereupon he was minded to returne to sacke the Cittie but fearing least Pedro Aluarez should escape him he durst not retyre and likewise because his Soldiours should not come to the knowledge how there was a new gouernour in the land So that for these causes he procéeded forwarde yet notwithstanding when newes was knowen in Don Diego his Campe many of his Soldiours fled from him especially Father Thomas de Saint Martine Diego de Alguero Iuan de Sayauedra Gomez de Aluarado and the Factor Yllansucarez de Carauaiall in this iourney happened to fall sick Iuan de Herrada of a certaine infirmitie wherof he died By meane wherof Don Diego was forced to stay his iorney in the meane while Pedro Aluarez passed by into y e valley of Xauxa where Don Diego thought to haue abode his comming yet at the length he followed him so that they were not farre a sunder