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ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A69788	The history of Poland. vol. 1 in several letters to persons of quality, giving an account of the antient and present state of that kingdom, historical, geographical, physical, political and ecclesiastical ... : with sculptures, and a new map after the best geographers : with several letters relating to physick / by Bern. Connor ... who, in his travels in that country, collected these memoirs from the best authors and his own observations ; publish'd by the care and assistance of Mr. Savage.	Connor, Bernard, 1666?-1698.; Savage, John, 1673-1747.	1698 (1698)	Wing C5888; ESTC R8630	202,052	410

means was rated much lower than the House of Austria could have expected For altho it was urg'd to Sigismund that as Charles the Vth dealt formerly by the King of France on the like occasion so he ought to have a Sum of Money paid down sutable to the great Quality of his Prisoner yet Sigismund answer'd That it was to no purpose to propose Charles the Vth as an Example in this Case since that Prince had been guilty of an Action unbecoming his Grandeur When for his part he did not look upon it sufficient Advantage to have got the better of his Enemy unless he likewise had the Glory to give him his Liberty and not to make him buy it By this Mediation Maximilian was to quit for ever his Title to the Kingdom of Poland to restore some Places which had been surrender'd to him and to remain in a perpetual Amity with Poland to all which the Emperour his Brother was made Guarantee But altho these Conditions were so very reasonable yet Maximilian would not ratify them till 1589. Wherefore his Wilfulness detain'd him in Prison till that time when he escape 〈◊〉 to his Parole of Honour Nevertheless he was afterwards brought to sign them by the Power his Brother had over him Sigismund III. was first marry'd to Ann Daughter of Charles Arch-Duke of Austria and after her Death to Constantia her Sister by both which he had three Sons Vladislaus by the former and Casimir and Ferdinand by the latter the two first succeeding him in the Kingdom When the King his Father was dead he went into Swedeland and was there likewise crown'd King of that Country in the Year 1592 on condition that every fifth Year he should come and reign over Sweden in Person but being engag'd in a long War against the Muscovites Turks and Tartars he could not be spar'd in fifteen Years and therefore sent a Senate of Jesuits to govern them and suppress the Lutherah Doctrine which was then mightily spread in that Country Here it must be observ'd that this King's Mother Catherine strictly adher'd to the Roman Church by the permission of her Husband John III. King of Sweden who also lean'd a little that way Whereupon when Sigismund's Tutor Arnold Grothusius would have seduced him from that Perswasion his Father John being in a great Passion and drawing his Sword upon the Tutor cry'd I will have my Son educated in hopes of both Kingdoms meaning his own and that of Poland These Jesuits the King order'd to be receiv'd with the same Honour as if he himself had come in Person at which the Swedes being grievously nettled sunk them in the Harbour of Stockholm in the Ship that brought 'em from Dantzic and immediately thereupon proclaim'd Charles Duke of Sudermannia Sigismund's Uncle their King who had embrac'd Lutheranism some time before and which the Swedes have profess'd ever since This occasion'd bloody Wars between these two Nations but Sigismund being likewise engag'd with other Countries was forc'd to accept of a dishonourable Truce In the beginning of this War King Charles IX took a great many places from the Poles in Livonia most of which were afterwards retaken by the Polish General and Chancellor Zamoski Besides this the King of Sweden was vanquish'd in a great Battel fought near Kirckholm and Riga where he narrowly escap'd himself but some intestine Divisions arising between the King and Nobility of Poland he got time to recover Breath The occasion of the Wars between the Poles and Muscovites was this A certain Person coming into Poland pretended to be Demetrius Son to John Basilowitz Great Duke of Muscovy and that he was to have been murder'd by order of Boris Gudenow afterwards Grand Duke who hop'd thereby to secure the Succession after the Death of Theodore eldest Son of the said Duke but that another had been kill'd in his stead Hereupon he found so great Encouragement from George Mniszeck Palatin of Sendomir that he married his Daughter to him and by the Assistance of some other Polish Lords gather'd together a great Army and march'd with Demetrius into Muscovy when Boris Gudenow then Grand Duke happening to die suddenly he was receiv'd by the Muscovites and proclaim'd Czar in Moscow Hereupon he sent into Poland for his Bride but while the Nuptials were celebrating in Moscow the People suspecting him to be an Impostor gather'd together rais'd a Tumult and attack'd the Castle where they cut to pieces Demetrius with most of the Poles that came along with him and his Bride and took her Prisoner Then Basilius Suski descended from the Grand Dukes by the Mother's side having got together about ●●0000 Men was proclaim'd Czar immediately after which a Rumor being spread abroad that Demetrius had escaped tho Suski had taken care to expose his Body to view which was so mangled that none could know him and a Person pretending to be him the Poles acknowledg'd him as such whereupon they together with the Cosacks assisted this Person to recover his pretended Right and several times beat Suski and oblig'd him to set at liberty the Captive Bride She also acknowledg'd this Demetrius for her Husband but whether he was really so or not could never yet be determin'd Sigismund laid hold of this opportunity to try at least whether he could recover Smolensko and Severia whereupon he besieged the former in the Year 1609 but could not make himself Master of it till the Year 1611 when he took it by storm In the mean time the Poles who had hitherto sided with Demetrius were recall'd by Sigismund who thought it not convenient that so considerable a part of his Forces should be under the Command of another By the removal of this Army Suski had leisure to recover himself whereupon with the Assistance sent him out of Sweden he march'd directly against the Poles who then were besieging Smolensko but was shamefully defeated by them near Clusin By this Overthrow the Affairs of the Muscovites were again in a very dangerous Condition wherefore to avoid the danger they resolv'd to depose Suski who by his Misfortunes became odious to them and to offer their Crown to Vladislaus Sigismund's Son This Suski was afterwards surrender'd to the Poles and dy'd at Warsaw in Prison Whereupon Vladislaus marching towards that Country with a powerful Army in the Year 1610 and they hearing of it thinking he came rather to conquer than accept their Crown unanimously revolted against him especially when they heard that Demetrius had been murder'd by the Tartars who were his Guards Hereupon Prince Vladislaus his Expedition was made to no purpose he being forc'd to make a Truce with the Muscovites for fourteen Years whereby it was agreed that in the mean time the Poles should keep in their possession the several Dukedoms of Severia Zernikow and Novogrod which they had taken during the late Troubles in Muscovy In the mean time George Farenbach surrender'd several Places in

the Right Honourable James Vernon Esq Principal Secretary of State Of the Diet or Parliament of Poland and other Courts of Judicature Let. IV. To the Earl of Marlborough Of the Election and Coronation of a King of Poland with the Interregnum Let. V. To the Lord Marquess of Of the Power of the Gentry and Slavery of the People in Poland where the Genius Character and manner of living of the Poles are related Let. VI. To his Grace the Duke of Ormond Of the state of the Army Forts and Military Affairs in Poland Let. VII To his Excellency Monsieur de Cleverskerk Embassador from Holland An Account of the Trade and Riches of Poland as likewise of the City of Dantzic Let. VIII To the Earl of Burlington Of the Origin of the Teutonic Order and the Succession of its great Masters in Prussia and in Livonia with its present State in the Empire Let. IX To Sir Thomas Millington President of the College of Physicians Of the state of Learning of Natural Knowledg and particularly of the Practice of Physick in Poland with an account of some natural things chiefly of a Disease in the Hair peculiar to the Poles call'd Plica Polonica Let. X. From Baron Blomberg his Highness the Duke of Curland's Minister to Dr. Connor Giving an Account of the Duke of Curland's Family Strength and Revenues as likewise the Extent and Products of his Territories Let. XI To the Honourable Mr. Bridges eldest Son to my Lord Chandois and Fellow of the Royal Society Giving an Anatomical Account of the Natural Cause why People must necessarily die of old Age alone attended with no other Disease Let. XII To Explaining the Nature of curable and incurable Wounds demonstrating by Practical Observations and Anatomical Experiments the small number of Wounds which are of themselves absolutely mortal and shewing the true use and common abuse of Styptic Waters and Pouders in the Practice of Surgery A Catalogue of such Authors as have been consulted in both Volumes of this Book whereof some have been quoted and others omitted on account of Consent in Opinion POmponius Mela de Sarmatiâ Commentariolus Hartmanni Schedii de Sarmatiâ Aeneas Sylvius de Poloniâ Lithuania Prussiâ five Borussiâ Martini Cromeri Polonia Alexandri Guagnini Rerum Polonicarum Sigismundi Liberi Baronis in Herberstein Descriptio Lithuaniae Jacobi Pritusii de Provinciis Polonicis Chronicon Poloniae Vincentii Kadlub●●i Matth. de Michovia Chronica Polonorum Polonici Regni tredecem Mutationes Johannes Duglossus Annales Polonorum Salomonis Neugebaveri Historia Polonica Johannes Herburtus à Fulstin Compendium Historiae Polonicae Flosculi Legum Polonicarum Stanislai Orichovii Annales Mariciani Mattbiae Ladovli Constitut Polon Compendium Pastorii Florus Polonicus Johannis Boteri Poloniae Descriptio Historia Reformationis Polonicae Authore Stanistao Lubiensko Equite Polono Stanislai Krzistanowicksi Status Poloniae Simonis Star●●vols●●ii Poloniae Relation Historique de Pologne Par Mons Hauteville Hartk●●●bii Respublica Polonorum Adam Bremensis Seculi IX Scriptor Historia Ecclesiastics Alhini Chronicon Hornii Arca Noae Historia de Vitâ Obitu Sigismundi Augusti Heidenstein de Rebus Polonicis ab exoessii Sigismundi Augusti D●●●●soanorum Clades a Johanne Lasicio Polon●● ●●ob●●slaus Balbinus Historis Bohemiae 〈◊〉 Historia Bohemiae 〈◊〉 Chronica Pomeranie Alberti Cranzii Polonicarum Rerum 〈◊〉 Annal●●s Polon 〈◊〉 I. Regis Poloniae cum Fragmentls 〈◊〉 Vladislai Boloni●● Sueciae Principis Vita Casamir Roy de Pologne Guerre Civili di Poliniae di Alberto Vi●●ina Description d' Vkraine par Beauplan Cuerres des Turcs avec la Pologne Histoire des Cosaques leurs Guerres contre la Pologne La Politique des Polonois 〈◊〉 diere Histoire des Dietes Philippi Honorii de Interregno Grammatica seu Institutio Polonice Linguae Effata Regum Poloniae 〈◊〉 Polonica Books printed for Daniel Brown and Abel Roper 1. FOur Treatises of Physick and Chirurgery 1. A Physico-Medical Essay concerning Alkaly and Acid. 2. Farther Considerations on the said Essay 3. A new Light of Chirurgery 4. The new Light of Chirurgery vindicated from many unjust Aspersions By J. Colebatch a Member of the College of Physicians 2. His Treatise of the Gout 3. His Doctrine of Acids in the Cure of Diseases farther asserted in which is contained some things relating to the History of Blood c. 4. Nature and Qualification of Religion in reference to Civil Society Written by Sam. Puffendorf Counsellor of State to the late King of Sweden Translated from the Original The Present and Antient State of Muscovy in which is inserted all things material to be known in relation to that vast Country with several Sculptures and a new Map A New Map of POLAND Exactly delineated after the best Modern Geographer THE ●●ntient and Present STATE OF ●●OLAND PART I. The Antient State LETTER I. 〈◊〉 the Right Honourable WILLIAM Lord Dartmouth 〈◊〉 the Origin of the Kingdom of Poland with the Succession and Remarkable Actions of its first Dukes from the Year 550 to 830. MY LORD HAving had the good Fortune some Years since to meet your Lordship at Venice in my Travels from France ●●hrough Italy and Germany into Poland I ●●ound that not contented with a superficial ●●nd transitory Account of Places your Genius led you naturally to enquire not only into the Government Laws and Characters of the several Nations you passed through but likewise to examine nicely into their Maxims of State and their different Interests and this that by discovering the Excellency of some of their Constitutions and Defects in others you might like a wise and thinking Patriot admire the Perfections of our own Government Goodness of our Laws and Wisdom of our Senate whereof you your self are so worthy a Member My Lord You may remember that after your Resolution to take Medicines as well as my small Skill in prescribing them had had the good Effect of curing your Lordship at Venice of that acute Disease which made me almost despair of your Recovery I left you at Padua with the Earl of Kildare to gather strength and went thro' Tyrol Bavaria and Austria down the Danube to Vienna where having staid for some time to see the Emperour's Court I set forward with some Noblemen of Poland through Moravia and Silesia to Cracow the Capital City of that Kingdom from whence in eight days we arrived with a numerous Attendance at the King's Court which always resides at Warsaw where I was kindly receiv'd by the late King John Sobieski who did me the Honour to intrust me with the Care of his decaying Health and sometime afterwards his Majesty sent me with her Electoral Highness the Princess Tcresa his only Daughter then married to the Elector of Bavaria to take care likewise of her Health in her long Winter Journey from Warsaw to Brussels which gave me opportunity to come sooner out of that Kingdom than I at first apprehended I cou'd Tho my Lord my chief business both in Poland and other

powerful have a joint Interest to limit the King's Power and to keep the Common People in subjection who are stupidly pleas'd with or rather insensible of their Slavery And the Notion of Liberty is so inbred with the Polish Gentry that if they should suspect that their King did aim at making any Breach upon their Laws they not only think themselves no longer oblig'd to pay him Allegiance but likewise exclude his Children For they maintain That ●●ex est Rex their Law is their King and that they elect a Prince only to head their Army against the Invasion of Foreigners and to govern the turbulent Spirit of the Gr●●●●●● who think they are all equal among themselves and their King but the first among his Eq●●ls So th●● the ●●urest way for a King of Poland to ma●● the Crown Hereditary is never to 〈◊〉 but to ●●ave entirely to the free will of the Di●● to ●●ouse whom they please Which 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 by the bad Success Prime 〈◊〉 had in the ●●te Election caused by the ill Con●●●● of King ●●obieski his Father who prompted by his 〈◊〉 and French Counsel 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 ●●ears before his Death to perswade the Die●● i●● thuse a Successor which drew such 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 and Jealousy upon his Children that very few appear'd for them in the last Election th●● he ●●lig'd the Chief Officers to whom he 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 ●●onsiderable Employment to take an Oath to 〈◊〉 his Childrens Interest after his 〈◊〉 But the Poles who think themselves to longer ●●ound by their Oaths than they find them conformable to their Laws and Interest 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 t●● abandon those Princes to chuse the Elector of Saxony and to give a new Precedent for two things they never practised before to exclude their own King's Sons and to elect a German Prince For the distance and situ●●i●●n of the Elector of Saxony's Hereditary Dominions and the Jealousies the other German Princes would have conceiv'd had he usurp'd more Power than the Laws allow'd took away from the Poles all suspicion that this Prince would ever attempt to invade their Privileges as they apprehended the Prince of Conti and perhaps John III's Children would have done When I came first into this Nation my chief Design was to converse with Physicians and other Naturalists to improve my Knowledg in the Practice of Physick and in Natural History But finding little here to satisfy my Curiosity in these Matters that I might not lose my Labour in travelling in so remote a Country I resolv'd to look into their Chronicles to inform my self of the Origin of the Monarchy of the Succession and Remarkable Actions of all its Kings of its Geography and its Products and to enquire into the Antient and Present State of that vast Kingdom Which I have done with as much Care and Accuracy as I could well compass in so short a time People perhaps will admire how I could pretend to give an Account of so large and Antient a Kingdom not having been in it a full Twelve-month I own this were no small presumption in me had I undertaken to give a compleat History thereof but as I only relate briefly either what I have gather'd from the best Polish Authors learned from the most Intelligent Natives or observ'd my self I hope the Publick will have no ill Thoughts of me for this Attempt The first Writers of the Polish History like most other Historians were credulous and superstitious and have fill'd their Writings with a great many Romantio and almost fabulous Stories which I have omitted tho I have inserted some as the golden Tooth the devouring Dragon Popiel's being eaten by Rats and some others not with a design to make the Publick believe them or that I believ'd 'em my self but only to shew how the Ignorance of some and the unfair Relations of others have impos'd upon the World in all Ages I knew something of the Constitution of Poland before I went thither having formerly conversed with several Gentlemen of that Country at Paris in Italy and Germany which inclined me in some measure to travel with some of them from thence into that Kingdom Besides I came out of Poland with the Electoress of Bavaria the King's Daughter in Company with several Natives thereof who attended her Highness from Warsaw to Brussels In this long Journey I had likewise opportunity to inform my self further of the present State of that Country So that I have not only collected this imperfect Account which I have ventur'd to give of it during the little time I resided at the King's Court but likewise before I came thither and since I left it I did not at first design this Historical Account should swell to so great a Bulk nor that chiefly the Geographical Part should be so tediously long but thought to reduce the whole to the narrow compass of one Volume until Mr. S considering the Inconveniency of too small an Epitome enlarg'd the Geography of the Kingdom of Poland and of the Great Dutchy of Lithuania to make the Relation of them both more exact and more satisfactory to such as are desirous to compare the Towns and Provinces with the Map THE CONTENTS OF THE First Volume Letter I. TO the Right Honourable William Lord Dartmouth Of the Origin of the Kingdom of Poland with the Succession and remarkable Actions of its first Dukes from the Year 550 to 830. Let. II To the Right Honourable Laurence Earl of Rochester Embassador from his Majesty Charles II. into Poland Containing the second and third Classes of the Kings of that Country or the Succession and Remarkable Actions of the Families of Piastus and Jagello from the Year 830 to the Year 1574. Let. III. To his Grace William Duke of Devonshire Lord Steward of his Majesty's Houshold Of the Succession and remarkable Actions of the four Classes of the Kings of Poland consisting of mixt Families from the Year 1574 to 1674. Let. IV. To the Right Honourable William Earl of Yarmouth Concerning the Family and remarkable Actions of John III. King of Poland As also his Daughter's Marriage to the present Elector of Bavaria c. Let. V. To the Right Honourable Charles Lord Townsend Of the Extent and Products of Poland together with a Description of the chief Towns and Provinces of that Kingdom Let. VI. To George Stepney Esq His Majesty's Envoy Extraordinary to the Princes of the Empire Of the Extent and Products of the Great Dutchy of Lithuania with an Account of its chief Towns and Provinces The CONTENTS of the Second Volume being the present State of Poland In several Letters Letter I. To his Grace Thomas Lord Archbishop of Canterbury Of the Form of the Government in Poland and of the King's Power and Revenues Let. II. To his Grace the Duke of Norfolk Of the Senate of Poland or House of peers consisting of Bishops Palatins Castellans and the ten great Officers of the Crown as likewise of the Starosta's and other Persons of Note Let. III. To

Poland tho always Elective yet has been successively in the same Family from Father to Son or at least from Father to Daughter or other Relation from the Year 830 to the Year 1674 which is from Piastus his Reign to the Election of the late King John Sobieski except only the five Months that Henry of Valois reign'd I mean Henry III. of France who was kill'd by a Monk To evince this your Grace may be pleas'd to understand that the last of the Family of Piastus in a direct Line was the Princess Hedwigis who marry'd Jagello Great Duke of Lithuania His Male Race by her reign'd to Sigismund the Second's time of whose two Daughters one was marry'd to King Stephen Batori his Successor and the other was Mother to Sigismund III. who with his Sons were successively elected to the Throne to the time of King Michael Wiesnowiski who tho he was not lineally descended from Jagello yet came laterally from the Race of Koributh Jagello's Brother So that it is evident that the Poles have reconcil'd a free Election of their Kings with an uninterrupted Succession of the same for 844 Years as likewise that they have never excluded the deceased King's Son nor ever elected any German Prince to the Throne before this last Election of the Elector of Saxony Frederick Augustus now King of Poland But as it is lawful for all Governments to alter their Constitutions at often as they find it convenient for the good of the Publick so the Poles observing that their Native Kings have not of late sufficiently promoted the Interest of their Country were wise enough to choose a Foreign Prince whose Wealth and Courage would enlarge their Dominions as their present King Frederick Augustus is very likely to do being in League with the Emperor Muscovites and Venetians I hope your Grace will be pleas'd to pardon my Indiscretion in presuming to write of Matters which are altogether out of my Element since it was only to shew with what Deference and Respect I am My LORD Your Grace's most Obedient and most Humble Servant B. C. LETTER IV. To the Right Honourable WILLIAM Earl of Yarmouth Concerning the Family and Remarkable Actions of John III. King of Poland As also his Daughter's Marriage to the present Elector of Bavaria My LORD THE Obligations I owe to your Brother Mr. Alberti and his Lady join'd with the Value I have always profess'd for your Lordship's Friendship makes me glad to find this occasion of giving both you and them a publick Testimony of my Respect and Gratitude and since you have often shew'd your self willing to know something of the Affairs of Poland I thought nothing could be more agreeable to your Temper than that I should inform you chiefly of the Heroick Actions of that great Prince with whom your Brother for so many Years so prudently manag'd the Interest of the wisest Republick in the World in a long lingring War against the Ottoman Empire It is to his Kindness that I must own my self indebted for the Honour I have had of being in the Esteem of so Warlike a King and of being moreover entrusted with the Care of what was most dear to him John Sobieski my Lord is not so much to be esteem'd for his memorable Exploits after his Election as for his Merits and the wise Conduct by which he advanc'd himself from a private Gentleman of an indifferent Fortune and nothing at all related to any of the former Kings through all the Posts of the Army to the Crown of Poland notwithstanding the several powerful Factions which appear'd against him Immediately after the Death of the late King Michael Wiesnowiski John Sobieski then Crown-General gave a signal Overthrow to the Turks near Caminiec which caus'd a great Alteration in the Republick of Poland for thereupon the Turkish Aga and Treasurer were not so peremptory in their demanding Annual Tribute shamefully stipulated for by Michael as they had been before but were contented to be put off to the Diet of Election The Senate being assembled order'd publick Rejoicings and began their Session by leaving off their Mourning for the late King The Diet which preceded that of the Election was appointed to meet the 15 th of January 1674 which was design'd to be terminated in 15 days but the ordinary Disturbances that arose in these sort of Assemblies together with the Inclination which every body had to advance General Sobieski occasion'd it to be prorogu'd till the 22 d or 23 d of February without doing any thing but assigning a Jointure to the Queen Dowager The 20 th of April began the Diet of Election the Candidates were in great number and every ones Pretensions were heard The Czar of Muscovy who had been so often baffled at preceding Elections yet made fresh Interest at this His Envoy demanded the Crown for his Master's youngest Son who was then about thirteen or fourteen Years of Age but however he neither made so great Profers as formerly nor us'd any Threats for he would then have been laugh'd at Poland being at that juncture in a much better condition than before Next the Prince of Transilvania offer'd fifteen Millions of Money as likewise that he would unite his Principality to Poland and maintain fifteen thousand Men in the Service of that State against the Turk but these Propositions were look'd upon too considerable to be either real or possible for the Poles believ'd that they had possess'd themselves of the greatest Treasure of Transilvania when they chose Stephen Batori for their King The Elector of Brandenburg likewise had some hopes in favour of the Prince his Son when he profer'd that he should change his Religion as soon as ever he was elected but he soon quitted his Pretensions when he consider'd what had pass'd in regard to the Germans and Protestants in former Elections If this Prince had been a Roman Catholick his Family might have had just Pretences to Poland by the Interest of uniting Ducal Prussia to that Kingdom The Dukes of Modena and Parma had also their Envoys at this Election but whereas every body thought their business was to ask the Crown they only came to condole the Death of the late King and congratulate the Poles on their Victory at Chochim so that they did not add to the number of the Competitors Don Pedro di Ronquillos came from Spain without taking upon him the Quality of Embassador His Instructions were to recommend Duke Charles of Lorain after he had done his best in favour of Don John of Austria but this Policy did not take and the Council of Spain afterwards found another Expedient to rid themselves of this Prince A French Prince whose Name was not mention'd tho I suppose it was the Prince of Conde occasion'd the most Jealousy of all the rest The other Pretenders to the Crown were not a little pleas'd that this Prince was not nam'd The Duke of Neuburg renew'd his former Pretensions

Companions dead upon the Spot In this Action there were several brave Polish Gentlemen slain Afterwards the King being again ioin'd by the Lithuanians by which his Army amounted to fifteen thousand Men march'd to seek out the Enemy tho by a modest computation they might be reckon'd seven times as many But understanding that the Enemy had besieg'd Podhais he was marching thither to relieve it when by the way he receiv'd Intelligence of its being surrender'd burnt and plunder'd and twelve thousand Persons made Prisoners tho the Garison had expresly capitulated to march out with Bag and Baggage The King was extreamly nettled that so many Christians should be made Slaves and his Territories laid desolate therefore he resolv'd forthwith to remedy it or perish in the Attempt for he march'd the same day towards the Enemy who were then set down before Buozalz but upon notice of his Approaches they rais'd their Siege and retreated with all their Forces to Trembowla which they likewise invested Here they were often repuls'd with great Loss yet continu'd obstinate to pursue their Enterprize till at last happening to intercept a Peasant that was carrying a Letter from the King to the Governour wherein his Majesty assur'd him that he was coming with all speed to his Relief the Terrour of King Sobieski's Name struck such a faintness into the Infidels that they immediately dislodg'd their Cannon from their Batteries which consisted of a hundred Pieces and forthwith march'd towards Caminiec with a great deal of Confusion Nay so great was their Consternation that under the Cannon of Caminiec they thought not themselves sufficiently secure for not daring to stand an Engagement with the Poles they resolv'd to pass the Niester and march towards Valachia Yet this they could not do so speedily but Prince Lubomirski with part of the King's Army fell upon their Rear and slew great Numbers of them The Turks by the Fear they were in of being farther pursu'd re-pass'd the Danube and the Tartars return'd home with great Precipitation by the way of Bialogrod Whereupon the King resolv'd to put his Army into Winter-quarters and so to return home which he did to the Joy and Satisfaction of all his Subjects It being now high time to prepare for the Ceremony of the Coronation January the 17th the Corps of the late King Michael was convey'd from Warsaw in a Herse drawn by eight Horses attended by all the Officers of his Houshold and several Persons of Quality to Cracow where together with the Body of King Casimir likewise brought lately out of France it was honourably interr'd all Decency and Respect being paid to both their Memories This Ceremony being dispatch'd John Sobieski with his Queen Mary were both Crown'd in the Castle of Cracow the 2d of February in the Year 1676 with great Pomp and Magnificence After this the King applying himself to supply the Vacancies as usual made Lubomirski Grand Marshal of the Kingdom the Lord Siniawski Court-Marshal and Prince Demetrius Wisnowiski Palatin of Beltz He likewise bestow'd the Command of General of the Forces of the Kingdom on Jablownowski Palatin of Russia at present Great General of Poland In June following Sultan Nuradin with the two Sons of the Great Cham pass'd the Niester with a great Army having sent out Parties before to ravage the Country At the same time Ibrahim Bassa advanc'd likewise to several Posts about Caminiec Whereupon the King order'd what Troops he could get together near Leopol where they were to rendezvouz and likewise convok'd the Pospolite or Militia for the defence of the Country The same Year his Excellency Mr. Hyde now Earl of Rochester was sent Embassador from his Majesty Charles the IId to the Court of Poland to congratulate the King upon his Accession to the Crown and to stand for his Master Godfather to the young Princess now Electoress of Bavaria He arriv'd at Dantzic in August where meeting with the Queen of Poland who made a Journey thither while the King was in the Field he had Audience of her Majesty there and presented the young Princess her Daughter with a very rich Jewel a Cross of Diamonds of great Value He afterwards set forward for Poland and was received by the King in his Camp near Leopol in Russia with Demonstrations of Respect and Kindness sutable to his Character and Person where his Majesty sent some of his chief Officers to shew him the Army and their way of Encamping The Turks and Tartars began to appear now very formidable and yet at the same time continu'd so sensible of their last Year's Defeats and so dreaded the Name of King Sobieski that they seem'd to desire nothing more than Peace for which purpose the Grand Seignior by the Prince of Moldavia made an Overture for a Treaty which was accepted after a Battle gain'd by the Poles and some other small Mischiefs done on both sides The Peace being thus happily concluded to the Advantage of Poland his Majesty return'd in November to Zulkiew his own Patrimony whither my Lord Rochester waiting upon him had his publick Audience there in a more solemn Manner than before He was first carried in the King's Coach and then received by the Court-Marshal who is in the Nature of a Lord Chamberlain at the Stairs-foot of the Palace and was conducted to his Majesty who receiv'd him standing under a rich Canopy of State and after two Months residing there his Excellency had his Audience of Leave and return'd into England through Silesia Austria and the Empire The Poles enjoy'd this Peace with the Turks till the Year 1683 when they came under the Command of Cara Mustapha their Grand Vizier to besiege Vienna whereof Count Starenberg was Governour The King with his Son Prince James Prince Lubomirski and most of the Polish Grandees came with an Army only as they assur'd me of twenty four thousand Men to relieve it This the King of Poland was oblig'd to by the Alliance sign'd with his Imperial Majesty in 1683. When being join'd by the Imperial Army together with the Electors of Bavaria and Saxony the Duke of Lorain and a great Number of other Princes of the Empire in all amounting to near fifty thousand Men he attack'd the Turks with such Bravery and Conduct that on the 12th of September they tho consisting of 191800 Men as appear'd by a List found in the Grand Vizier's Tent were oblig'd after an entire Defeat to raise the Siege and retire towards Hungary The great Standard and the Horse's Tail were taken by the Poles who obstinately pursu'd the Turks in their flight tho no great way being too much fatigu'd before There was also great Booty found in the Turkish Camp which was wholly plunder'd even to the Tent of the Grand Vizier where they met with great Riches in Gold Silver and other precious things All their Ammunition and Baggage with their Artillery consisting of above a hundred Pieces of Cannon were taken This