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A66701 The new help to discourse or, Wit, mirth, and jollity. intermixt with more serious matters consisting of pleasant astrological, astronomical, philosophical, grammatical, physical, chyrurgical, historical, moral, and poetical questions and answers. As also histories, poems, songs, epitaphs, epigrams, anagrams, acrosticks, riddles, jests, poesies, complements, &c. With several other varieties intermixt; together with The countrey-man's guide; containing directions for the true knowledge of several matters concerning astronomy and husbandry, in a more plain and easie method than any yet extant. By W. W. gent. Winstanley, William, 1628?-1698.; Winstanley, William, 1628?-1698. Country-man's guide. aut. 1680 (1680) Wing W3070; ESTC R222284 116,837 246

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Dagobert the first build a Church in the place where he was buried for so it happened that this Dagobert during the life of Clotoyre the second his Father had cruelly slain Sadrasegille h●● Governor To avoid the fury of his Father much incensed with that Unprincely action he was compelled to wander up and down France hungry and thirsty In this miserable condition coming to the Sepulchre of S● Denis he laid him down and slept when there appeared to him an old man with a staff i● his hand who told him that his Father wa● dead and that he should be King and desired him that when it came so to pass he would build a Church there in the honour of St. Denis which Dagobert coming to be King accordingly did and a Bishop was sent for i● all haste to bless it But it hapned the night before the Bishops coming that there cam● to the Town an ugly Leper who desired to lie in the Church And when he was ther● about twelve a clock at night our Saviour came into the Church in white Garments and with him the Apostles Angels and Martyrs with most delicious Musick And then Christ blessed the Church and bid the Leper tel● the Bishop that the Church was already blessed and for a token of it he gave the Lep●● his health who on the next morning wa● found to be sound and perfectly whole The Legend of Saint Romain SAint Romain was Bishop of Roven i● France It happened that in his time there was a poysonous Dragon which had done much harm to all the country thereabouts many ways had been tryed to destroy him but none prospered at last Romain being then Bishop of the Town undertook to do it and accompanied onely with a Thief and a Murtherer he marched towards the place where the Dragon lay upon sight of the Dragon the Thief stole away but the Murderer went on and saw the Holy man vanquish the Serpent and onely with a Stole ● which is a neck habit sanctified by his Holiness of Rome and made much after the manner of a Tippet with this stole tyed about the neck of the Dragon doth the Murderer ●ead him prisoner to Roven the people much admiring at the same highly extolling the Bishop pardoned the Murderer and burned the Dragon to ashes In memory of this marvellous act King Dagobert the first who Reigned in France Anno 632 granted unto Andoin or Owen successor to St. Romain that from that time forwards the Chapitre of the Cathedral Church of Roven should every Ascension day have the faculty of delivering ●ny Malefactor whom the Laws had condemned This that King then granted and all the following Kings even to this time have successively confirmed it Of Saint Dunstan SAint Dunstan was Arch-bishop of Canterbury in the time of Etheldred the Saxon King he was according to the opinion of these times of great sanctity of life being ● sleep one day in the Church he dreamed some thing of the Devil whereupon he ran about pursuing him even to the top of the Church and came down again in his sleep without any hurt At another time the Devil came to tempt him in the likeness of a beautiful Damosel but St. Dunstan caught up a pair of tongs being red hot and therewith so pincht the Devil by the Nose a● quite spoiled his countenance and for ever taking Tobacco throw the nose again He also coming once into a Gentlemans house where were several Instruments hanging up against the Wall at his entrance in they of their own accord fell on playing It is reported of him that when he Christened King Ethelred the child with his ordure defiled the Fount whereupon Sr. Dunstan said By Gods Holy Mother this Child if he live will prove a sloathful person which accordingly came to Pass the Danes in his time over-running England This Saint Dunstan flourishing about the year of our Lord 978. Of Thomas Becket THomas Becket was the Son of one Gilbert Becket which Gilbert being taken prisoner among the Sarazens the Kings daughter of that countrey fell in love with him gained his liberty and came over into England where she was baptiz'd in the Church of S. Paul and married to this Gilbert who upon her begot this Thomas afterwards made Arch-bishop of Canterbury by King Henry th● second in which place he behaved himself very high as well against the King as against the Nobles nor was he it seems much beloved of the Commons for coming one day into Town in Kent the people cut off his Horse tail whereupon the Children of that Count for a long time after as the Legend reports were born with long tails like Horses he was at last slain in his Cathedral Church of Canterbury by four Knights and after his death by the Pope Canonized for aSaint Many miracles are said to be by him performed as namely how a fellow for stealing a Whetstone was deprived of his eyes but praying to St. Thomas he had his sight again restored nay a Bird flying out of a Cage and being pursued by a Hawk and ready to be seized on the Bird crying out only Saint Thomas help me the Hawk immediately fell down dead and the Bird escaped His Tomb was afterwards much enriched with costly gifts and visited by Pilgrims from all places according to what we find in Chaucer From every Shires end Of England do they wend The Holy blissful Martyrs Tomb to seek Who hath them holpen wherein they beseke JESTS A new way to know the Father of a Child A Wench that lived in a Knights service was gotten with child and brought to bed of a goodly Boy before it was publickly known in the house after her uprising being examined before a Justice of the Peace to know who was the Father of the child she said she could not tell well her self for there was two of the Knights servants that had to do with her about the same time whereof one was a Welsh man the other an English man one of them she said was the father but which of the two she was not certain This doubtful case put the Justice in a great quandary upon which of them to lay the charge of bringing up the child but the Clerk said he would soon decide the controversie whose the child was and thereupon went into the Kitchen and toasted a bit of Cheese and then brought it and offer'd it the child putting it to his mouth which made the Child to cry refusing it as much as it could Whereupon the Clerk said upon my life the Welshman is not the father of it for if he were it would have eaten toasted cheese at a day old The King of Swedens Goose THe King of Swethland coming to a town of his enemies with a very little company they to slight his force did hang out a Goose for him to shoot at but perceiving before night that these few soldiers had invaded and set their chiefest Holds on fire they demanded
of whom she got so many that with them she made the second Pyramis almost equal to the first 8. A Tree in Mexico in America called Mete which they plant and dress as we do our vines It hath forty kinds of Leaves which serve for many uses for when they be tender they make of them Conserves Paper Flax Mantles Mats Shooes Girdles and Cordage On these leaves grow certain prickles so strong and sharp that they use them instead of Saws from the root of this Tree cometh a juice like unto Syrup which if you settle it will become Honey if you purifie it it will become Sugar you may also make Wine and Vinegar of it The rind roasted healeth hurts and sores and from the top boughs issueth a Gum which is an excellent Antidote against poyson 1. A Tree in the Isles of Orcades in Scotland near the Sea side that beareth a fruit which dropping on the dry Land putrifies away and turns to nothing but falling into the water becomes a living Creature like unto a Duck. And by this means as Authors they have se'd A Soland Goose is hatched up and bred 11. The River Styx in Arcadia which for its poysonous nature the Poet feigned to be the River of Hell on which plyed Charon the Ferriman whose description take thus from the Poet Charon grim Ferriman these streams doth guard Ugly nasty his huge hairy beard Knit up in Elf-locks staring fiery ey'd With Robe on heastly shoulder hung knotty'd 12. Near unto the Lake where once stood the Cities of Sodom and Gomorrah grow certain Trees which bear Apples in colour and show like unto Gold but being touched fall to ashes 13. The Psylli a people of Lybia of so venomous a nature that they would poyson a Snake insomuch that when their Wives were delivered they would throw their Children amongst a herd of Serpents supposing that child to be born of an adulterous bed the very smell of whose body would not drive away a whole brood of the like poisonous vermine Other Forraign Wonders It is recorded by Guicciardine L. Vives Erasmus and Dr. Heylin in his Microcesmus how that Margaret Sister to Earl Floris the Fourth of Holland being the age of forty two years brought forth at one birth three hundred sixty three Children whereof half were Males half Females and the odd one an Hermophrodite They were Christened in two Basons at the Church of Lo●sdunen by Guido suffragan to the Bishop of Utrecht who named the Males Johns the Females Elizabeths all which immediately after dyed and with them their Mother the Basons are yet to be seen in the aforesaid Church Their runneth a story concerning this miraculous accident how that a certain poor Beggar woman with three twin-Children came to this Countesses door and begged an Alms of her which she not only denyed but also called her Harlot and Strumpet telling her withal it was impossible she should have so many by one man which this Beggar hearing besought God who knew her innocency to manifest it unto her by giving her so many at one birth by her Husband as there are days in the year which fell out accordingly Much to this purpose is the story of one Jermentrudis wife to Isenbardus Earl of Altorse in Suevia which Countess grievously accused one of her neighbour women of adulteries and had her punished because she had not long before been delivered of six Children at a birth It fortuned that she her self her Husband being abroad in the Fields was delivered at one birth of twelve Children all Males she fearing the like infamous punishment which by her instigation had been inflicted on the former woman commanded the Nurse to kill eleven of them The Nurse going to execute the will of her Mistriss was met by her Lord then returning homeward He demanded what she carried in her Lap She answered Puppies He desired to see them she denied him The Lord on this growing angry opened her Apron and there found eleven of his own Sons pretty sweet babes and of most promising countenances The Earl examined the matter found out the truth enjoyned the Nurse to be secret and put the children to a Miller to nurse Six years being passed over in silence the Earl making a solemn Feast invited most of his wives and his own Friends The young boys he attired all in the same fashion and presenteth them to their mother she misdoubting the truth confesseth her fault is by the Earl pardoned and acknowledgeth her Children A like strange thing we have of one Agilmond a King of the Lombards in the Land of Hungary who going forth one morning a Hunting as he was riding by a Fish pond he spyed seven children sprawling for life which some Harlots had been dilivered of and most barbarously thrown into the water The King amazed at this spectacle put his Bore spear or hunting-pole among them on which one of the childrens hands fastened and the King softly drawing back his hand wafted the Child to the shore This child he named Lamissus from Lama which in their Language signified a Fishpond He was in the Kings Court carefully brought up where there appeared in him such tokens of vertue and courage that after the death of Agilmond he was by the Lombards chosen to succeed him Nor is that less strange which is reported of Claudia a Romane Vestal Virgin the story whereof is this The Romans were once told by an Oracle that they should be Lords of the world if they could but get the Goddess Cybele from the Phrygians which was there worshipped in a City called Pesinus Hereupon they sent unto the Phrygians to demand it who being willing to please a potent Neighbor especially the Romans being their Countrey-men as descended from Aeneas and his Trojans granted their request and the Goddess is shipt for Rome But when it came into the River of Tyber it there made a stand neither could it be again moved forward by force or sleight It happened that this Claudia having been accused of incontinency to clear herself tyed her Girdle to the Ship praying the Goddess that if she were causelesly suspected she would suffer the Ship to go forward which was no sooner said than granted Claudia by her Girdle drawing the Ship to Rome by the same clearing her self from all imputation of Uncleanness or Incontinency Pharo a King of Aegypt being blind was told by an Oracle that if he washed his eyes with the Urine of a woman which being a wife had known but one man he should recover his sight After many vain trials h● found one woman whose Urine helped him her he married and causing all the other whom he had tryed to be gathered together in a Town called Latthus he set fire on th● same burning them all for their Incontinency Domestick Wonders IN the Year of our Lord 1151. and in the 33 year of the Reign of King Henry the second near unto Oxford in Suffolk certain Fishers took in their Nets a
man Or thus Well was thy Anagram Loyal in Hart Who from thy Loyalty did never start Anagram LOSTE STOLE Exposition This Anagram mysterious sence may boast For what is stole is found in what was lost Anagram JAYLER A RAYLE Exposition This doth befit the Jaylor wondrous trim He at the Prisoners Rails and they at him FANCIES A Fancy upon words HE that 's devoted to the GLASS The Dice or a Lascivious LASS At his own price is made an ASS. He that is greedy of the GRAPE On reason doth commit a RAPE And changeth habit with an APE The Lover whose devotion FLIES Up to the Sphere where bounty LIES Makes Burning-glasses of his EYES If long he to that Idol PRAY His sight by Loves inflaming RAY Is lost for ever and for AY He that loves Glass without a G Leave out L and that is he EVANK is a word of fame Spell it backward it is your name These Lines may be read backwards or forwards being both ways alike Deer Madam Reed Deem if I meed Another to the same effect Lewd did I live and Evil did I dwel Thoughts   valued     c   may B. Searching   Love   ICVB 2 yy for me Qu   a   d   tr   fu   stra     os   nguis   irus   isti de   nere   vit H   Sa   m   Chr   vul   la.   Quos anguis dirus tristi de funere stravit Hos Sanguis mirus Christi de vulnere lavit The Countrey-Mans Guide OR AN APPENDIX For the Use Of the Country-man Containing divers necessary and useful Rules and Instructions of the Year Moneths and Days With other things of delight and profit Being brief Explanations of many things which to an intelligible Reader may seem ambiguous Calculated by Art for the Benefit of all those which desire to understand what they buy or read London Printed in the Year 1680. The Country-Mans Guide Of a Year what it is with the difference betwixt the English and Gregorian Account A Year is that space of time wherein the Sun runs his perambulation through the twelve Signs of the Zodiack containing 12 Solar moneths 13 Lunar 52 weeks 365 days 6 hours and 6 minutes which 6 hours in four years space being added together make one day which we commonly call Bissextile or Leap-year and is added to the Kalendar on the 25 of February making that moneth every fourth year 29 days long which at other times is but 28. This account was thus named by Julius Caesar the first Roman Emperor who reduced the year to a better method than before and from him it was called the Julian Account yet still the six minutes remained un-numbred which in tract of time arose to some dayes and therefore Gregory Pope of Rome to make the year exactly answerable to the Suns diurnal course casting up the days which those minutes amounted unto placed his Festivals exactly answerable to the Suns progress which in sixteen hundred years hath amounted to ten days and is from him called the Gregorian Account being used in all those parts beyond Sea which acknowledge the Popes Supremacy Qu. From whence do the twelve Moneths derive their Names An. January is so called from Janus who was pictured with two faces signifying the beginning or entrance of the year February took its name from Febura March from Mars the God of War April signifieth the growth or springing of the year May is the Majors and June the Juniors season July was so called from Julius Caesar August from Augustus the second Roman Emperor September signifieth the seventh moneth for the Romans before the time of Julius Coesar reckoned their moneths from March so October signifieth the eighth November the ninth and December the tenth which if you reckon from January the account will be otherwise Qu. How many days is in each moneth An. Thirty days hath September April June and November All the rest hath thirty and one Except it be February alone But every Leap year at that time February hath twenty nine Of the day with several divisions thereof An Artificial day consists of 12 hours a Natural Day 24 hours The Athenians began their Day from Sun-set but the Jews Chaldeans and Babylonians from Sun-rise The Egyptians and Romans from midnight of whom we took pattern to count the hours from thence the Umbrians from noon The parts of a politick or civil day according to Macrobius are these The first time of the day is after midnight the second in Latine Gallicinium Cocks crow the third Canticinium the space between the first Cock and Break of day the fourth Diluculum the break or dawn of the day the fifth Mane the morning the sixth Meridies noon or Mid-day the seventh Pomeridies the afternoon the eighth Serum diei Sun-set the ninth Suprema tempestas twi-light tenth Vesper the Evening the eleventh Prima Lux Candle time the twelfth Nox concubia bed-time the thirteenth Nox intempesta the dead time of the night The Jews did divide their Artificial day into four Quarters allowing to every Quarter three hours accounting the first hour of the first Quarter at the Rising of the Sun and the third hour of the second Quarter they called the third hour and the third hour of the second Quarter they called the sixth hour which was mid-day The third hour of the third Quarter the ninth hour and the second hour of the fourth Quarter the eleventh hour and the twelfth and last hour of the day they call Even-tide The day is accounted with us for the payments of money between Sun and Sun but for Indictments of murther the day is accounted from midnight to midnight and so likewise are fasting days The Principal Feasts and Holy-days in the whole year expounded SInce more buy Almanacks than understand them and are ignorant of our Festival days for their better understanding I shall briefly yet plainly anatomize and declare the meaning of them Sunday or our Lords day dies Diminicus is a day dedicated by the Apostles to the more particular service and honour of Almighty God and transfer'd from the Jewish Sabbath to the day following in memory that Christ our Lord rose from the dead and sent down the Holy Ghost on that day whence it is called our Lords Day and Sunday from the old Heathen denomination of dies Solis the day of the Sun to which it was sacred though others think it took its name from the Son of God his rising from the Grave that day to which thus alluded Mr. Owen in his Epigrams Sunday I 'le call that day spight of precise On which the glorious Son of God did rise 1. Jan. The Circumcision of our Lord vulgarly called Newyears-day was instituted in memory of the Circumcision of our Lord on the eighth day from his Nativity according to the prescript of the old Law Gen 17. 12 when he was named Jesus as the Angel hath foretold Luk. 1. 14.