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A36104 A Discourse of the necessity of encouraging mechanick industry wherein is plainly proved that luxury and the want of artisans labour became the ruin of the four grand monarchies of the world in the former age, and of Spain and other countries in this : and the promoting of manual trades the rise of the Dutch, Germans, &c. : parallel'd and compared with, and shewn to be practicable under the present constitution of England. 1690 (1690) Wing D1606; ESTC R12440 24,102 42

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Spain which has been of that mischievous and almost fatal Consequence as to bring that Kingdom upon the very brink of Ruine which had before this been devoured by the French had not their other large and industrious Dominions preserved them Having thus taken a succinct and transient View of the ill Estate of those Kingdoms and People which are destitute of Arts and Labour let us in the second Place according to our former Method particularize some Instances setting forth how Men are obliged to Employments in some Kingdoms and the good Effects which result from that Engagement In pursuance whereof I shall begin with Germany where we shall find a People inferiour to none in their just veneration to Antiquity and due estimate of Noble Blood that is truly derived from virtuous and honourable Progenitors which they set so high a Value upon as that even to Excess they despise mixing with the Plebeians and yet among these great Nobility the younger of whose Families are employed in their Armies rarely is there found one of them without a Manual Art by which if reduced to Extremity he may earn his Bread rather than live upon the Charity and Benevolence of others a sordidness of Temper which they bear an utter Abhorrence and Detestation to having too much of that Roman Spirit which had rather lose a Life than hold it at the Courtesie of another And this recals into my Memory a Story which for its pertinent congruity to the present Discourse may not be improper to relate There was about the year 1615 a Nobleman in Germany whose Daughter was courted by another Lord who was a very young Man when he had made such Progress in this Affair as is usual by Friends the old Lord desired to speak with him and after some Conference together asked the young Nobleman How he intended if he should marry his Daughter to maintain her He replied Equal to her Quality To which the Father returned That was no Answer to his Question he desired to know What he had to maintain her with To that the younger Lord replyed He hoped that was no Question for that his Inheritance was as publick as his Name The old Lord owned his Possessions to be great but asked him if he had nothing that was securer than Land The question was strange but ended in this That the Father of the young Lady gave his positive Resolve Never to marry his Daughter though his Heir and would have two such great Estates but unto a Man that had a Manual Trade by which he might live if drove from his own Country This young Lord was Master of none at present but rather than lose his Mistress he desired but a years Time in which he promised to acquire one In order whereunto he got a Basket-Maker the most ingenious he could find and in six Months became Master of his Trade with greater Improvement than his Teacher and as a Proof of his Ingenuity and great Proficiency in so small a Time he brought to his Mistress a Piece of his Workmanship being a white Twig Basket which for many years after became a general Fashion among the Ladies by the name of Dressing Baskets brought hither to England from Germany and Holland But to compleat the surprizingness of this Relation it happened some Years after this Nobleman's Marriage that he and his Father in law sharing in the Misfortunes of the Palatinate were drove naked out of their Estates and in Holland for some Years did this young Lord maintain both his Father-in-law and his own Family by making Baskets of white Twigs to such an unparalell'd Excellency as none could attain And 't is from him that they derive those Curiosities that are still made in Holland of Twigwork This is large a Digression from the Matter in Hand but the more insisted upon because I deem it not altogether improper to my Design of shewing How fond and ambitious Men are in Foreign Countries of learning Arts and Mechanical Employments whereby to avoid Idleness that common Pest to the Publick Good and consequently to every private and individual Interest as involved in the other From this Prospect of the Nobility and Gentry we will now descend to a lower View of the meaner and inferior Sort among them whose Industry is so remarkably great that even Children of four Years old will earn their Bread Add to this That they are kept out of Harm's Way by the same Diversion tho' more profitable whereby we keep our Children in this Kingdom and that is by making wooden Toyes painted Boxes Pipes c. for our Children to play with There they employ all the Children of a Town from three Years to eight in those easie Matters of shaving a little Stick of Fir or dawbing a little Paint upon a Stick or Box things of that easie nature as may be done by a Child that can speak and but hold a Knife or other small Instrument in its Hand When they advance more in Years 't is then usual to pitch upon a Trade and generally they apply themselves to that of their Fathers whereby you shall oftentimes find 'em to derive their Pedigree and their uninterrupted Succession in the same Trade or Employment in a continued Line from Father to Son for some Hundreds of Years And this Genealogy as well in Occupation as Descent is insisted upon by them with as much Pride and Ostentation as can be shewn by their Nobility in their continued Tracings and Derivations of themselves from a numerous and antient Stock of their famous and heroical Progenitors 'T is not their Practice as with us in this Kingdom to bind an Apprentice for seven Years three or four is their common Standard and the reason is because they are educated from their Cradle to something of Employment which renders them the more apt and docible and consequently the more capable of attaining to a Ripeness and quicker Proficiency in Business Whereas our Youth here in England being bred to nothing before they come to be Apprentices make a very slow Progress and require much longer Time wherein to reach the Perfection of accomplished Artists And such as are of Families not educated in Mechanical Employments those they make use of either in Affairs Military or else in Studies of gentiler and finer Arts than either of these by which admirable decorum so regularly observed in proportioning every Order and Degree of Men among them to their suitable and respective Vocations and Capacities it thence happens That in whole Provinces there is not a Man that eats the Bread of Idleness or of other Men's Labour and Industry Nay in the Hans-towns they still shew a greater Care and sollicitude in these Matters not judging it expedient to admit of any more than an useful and competent number for the City of any who profess the liberal Sciences but on the contrary oblige all their Natives and Inhabitants either to Merchandize Navigation or to Manual Arts and Manufactories insomuch