reiecte as a thyng muche daungerous and hurtefull bothe to the body and soule Suche an othe Iud. xi promyse or vowe made Iepte that if God wolde delyuer the chyldren of Amnon into his handes whan he came home agayne in peace what so euer thynge commeth fyrst out of his dores shulde be the Lordes and he wolde offer it vp for a burnt offeryng At his returne it fortuned that his doughter being his only chylde came out agenst him wythe tymberelles and daunces Whan he sawe her he was much amased and greatly sorowful because of his vow that he had made to god Notwythstondyng he sayde God desyreth thanckes gyuyng and not bloudy sacrifices I haue opened my mouthe vnto the Lorde and canne not go backe So that to fulfyll his folyshe and wycked vowe he committed the greuous synne of manslaughter and cruelly ââue hys owne doughter contrary to yâ lawe of God whan it had ben better and muche more godly to haue brokeÌ his folyshe vowe and to haue kepte hys handes clene from the bloude of hys doughter and to haue gyuen God ryght harty thanckes for the victory that he had gotten ouer hys enemies Psal. i For it is the sacrifice of prayse that honourethe God Heb. xiii The calfes of oure lyppes are acceptable sacrifyce and welcome vnto god Psal. xlix I meane thaÌkes gyuyng For he delyghtethe not in the slaughter of ony creature but rather wylleth that they shuld lyue vnto that vse and end for the which they were made God the father by the Psalmograph sayth heare o my people let me speake let me testifye among you O Israel I am god yea I am euen thy God I wyll not reproue the bycause of thy sacrifices thy burnte offerynges are alway in my syght I wyll take no bullockes out of thy house nor goates oute of thy feldes For all the beastes of the felde are myne and thousandes of cattell vpon the hylles I knowe all the soules vpon the mountaynes the wylde beastes of the felde are in my syght If I be hongry I wyl not tel the for the whole world is myne all that therin is Thynkest thou that I wyll eate the flesh of oxen or dryncke the bloude of gotes Offer vnto god the sacrifice of prayse and pay thy vowes vnto the moost highest And call vpon me in the tyme of trouble so wyll I heare the that thou shalte thaÌke me The Psalmograph hymselfe also sayth Psal. âv in me o god are thy vowes which I shall paye vnto the euen very harty prayses thankes gyuyng Vowes ofentymes in the scripture are taken for prayses and thankes gyuyng He calleth the vowes yâ we shulde offer vnto God for his benefites prayses thankes gyuyng and not the kyllyng and offryng vp of our chyldren or the performynge of such folysh wicked vowes which caÌ not be performed wythout synne and vngodlines Herode also made a promyse to the doughter of Herodias whaÌ she dauÌced salyed so plesantly before hym and hys Lordes at a certayne banket that he wolde gyue her what so euer she wold aske euen vnto yâ halfe of hys kyngdome She by the councell of her wycked mother asked the head of IohnÌ Baptiste So that the kynge because he wold not go backe of his worde suffered the holy Prophet of God to be slayne no cause why but only yâ he thought it wolde not stonde with his honour royall dignite to breake his promyse Ah folysh vowe and more folysh kyng Ah wycked promyse and more wycked kynge Better had it bene for hym a thousaâd tymes to haue gone backe of his worde to haue brokeÌ his wicked vow and to haue loste al his royall dignite than so vertuous a man shulde haue bene slayne We âe to all those vowes and promises whyche are not fulfilled without synne and wyckednes Agen we rede in thactes of thapostles that there were mo than forty men which had conspired agenst Paule Act. xxiii and made a solemne vow an earnest promyse and a foule deuout ooth that they woulde neyther eate nor dryncke vntyll they had slaynâ Paule For we are redy saye they to kyll him before he come nygh vnto vs by a myle A whotte zele in dede but not accordynge to knowledge Here was a whotte brennyng zele They thought euery hour a thousaÌd yere tyl they might mete with tholy Apostle and shedde his bloude they were so lothe to be founde double in theyr wordes so sory that he shulde teache ony more such newe learnyng and late sprong vp heresye vnto the great confusion of theyr holye synagoge and the vtter shame of yâ foole dâuout fathers the Pharises Scribes Lawers bishoppes prestes rulars of the Temple elders of the people c. To preuent these high inconueniences and to suppresse yâ great enormities newly reysed vp by the meaÌs of Paules doctrine ye wyll not easely beleue what paynes these good men toke They coulde not rest nether nyghte nor daye As for meate dryncke and slepe was gone with them Bâ mery at theyr hartes they could neuer vntyll they had slayne Paule yâ greate Heretyke that teacher of new learnyng that brynger in of new lawes that destroyer of all the olde laudable customes that troubler of the coÌmon peace Ioan. xvi that sower of discorde yâ peruertour of the holy olde religioÌ that enemy of all good deuocion c. Therfore made they a solemne vow in good tyme might it be spokeÌ that they woulde tast nothyng no not so much as a pore ale bery for yâ coÌforte of theyr harte vntyl they had slayn Paule in so muche that they were gone so farre in dede that they had rather slea Paule and cast theyr soules into hell fyre for doyng that mischeuous acte than they would once breake theyr vowe For they iudged by this meanes to do God an hyghe sacrifice Surely I thyncke that if the porke of Rome had at that tyme ãâã reygnyng and in his full power scaulled they would scasely haue beleued that he had ben able to dispeÌse wyth theyr vow it was so solem feruent and spronge out of the harte roote Is it not to be thought that they were whot in theyr matters whaÌ they coulde not kepe theyr mischeuous pretence secrette DignuÌ patella operculum but came vnto the chefe prestes and elders as couers worthy such cuppes gostly fathers fyt for suche a confession and tolde them that they had bouÌde them selues wyth a vowe that they myght eate nothyng vntyl the had slayne Paule Had it not ben great pitie thynke you that these menne shulde haue dyed for âonger seynge they fasted for so good a purpose O holy votories I maruell howe they could euer pacify theyr consciences afterwarde seynge they made so solemne a vowe and yet brake it For they neuer slue Paule so myghty a Lorde is God to defende his serualltes from the cruell handes of bloudy tyrauntes But the holye religious men are
our tyme There lyue at this daye whiche haue knowen certen meÌ to be great swearârs of whome some many yeares before they dyed were greuously punyshed wyth strauÌge and innumerable diseases some by yâ strong hand of God had theyr houses as yâ Prophet Zachary sayth consumed with fyre some lost theyr speache before they dyed another sort certen dayes before they dyed Felix queÌ faciuÌt alienape ricula caâtum had such an heate and breÌning in theyr mouthes that by no means they could suffer to haue them speared Theyr toÌge all that euer was within theyr mouthe was so blacke as a coole Were not all these manifest tokens of Gods wrath and vengeaunce for takynge his holy name in vayne Woulde God they yâ were thus punyshed myght be an example vnto vs for to leaue the wycked and vngodly custome of swearyng If we wyll not cease but styll prouoke god vnto anger surely we shal proue feale those same plages and much more greuous And wolde god oure paynes myghte cease in thys worlde that we myght be free from euerlastyng damnacion We all professe Christ Ioan. viii Ioan. x Ioan. xviii and caull our selues christians why do we not thaÌ those thinges that Christ commaundeth vs Christ sayth he that is of God heareth the wordes of god Ioan. xv Agayne any shepe heare my voyce Mat. â Also in another place euery one that is of the trueth hereth my voyce If we therfore be of God why do we not heare the wordes of God If we be yâ shepe of Christ whye do we not heare our sheppardes voyce If we pertayne vnto Christ which is yâ selfe trueth why do we not heare hys voyce Christ sayth ye haue hearde that ii was sayd to them of thou old time thou shalt not forsweare thy selfe but perfourme vnto the Lorde that yâ haste sworne But I saye vnto you swerâ not at al neyther by heaueÌ for it is the throne of God neyther by earth for it is the footestoole of hys feete nor by Hierusalem for it is the citis of the great kyng nether shalt thou swear by thy head because thou art not able to make one heare whyght or blacke But let your communicacioÌ be yea yea naye naye For what so euer is more than that cometh of euell Herevnto agreeth S. Iames sayeng before all thynges Iacob v o my brethren looke ye sweare not nether by heueÌ nor by earth nor by ony other ooth Let your coÌmunicacioÌ be yea yea naye naye that ye fall not into dissimulacion Here are we forbyddan to sweare by ony thynge that euer God made If it be not lawfull for vs to sweare by ony thiÌg yâ euer Godmade thaÌ is it not lawful for vs to swear by him that made al thinges If it be synne to sweare by the creatures thaÌ must it nedes be damnable to sweare by yâ creatore Why do we not remember these thynges and leaue our great swearynge It is a shame to se christen men lyue so contrarye to theyr profession It shall be more tollerable to Tyrus and Sydon to Sodâ me Gomorre at the daye of iudgement Math. xi than to vs except we shortely repent beleue and amend For that seruaÌt which knowethe his masters wyll and doth it not shall be beaten w many strypes Swearyng hathe euer bene couÌted a thing of so great absurdite Luke xii that the very Ethnyckes and Gentiles dydde deteste it in so muche that a certayne Greke Poet wryteth on this manner flye swearyng although thyne ooth be ryghâ accordyng to the truethe Our damnacion is greata What a sayeng is this of an Infidell Shall not he and such other ryse vp at the daye of iudgement condemne vs seyng they were Infidelles and we Christen men Our Lorde be mercifull vnto vs. All hunte after worldly promocions and seake to lyue in pleasure and welth but no man seaketh howe to lede a godly innocent lyfe howe to leaue theyr swearyng and to magnify the moost glorious name of God For we go forthe styll to synne as thoughe there were no punishment ordined for it at all We blaspheme the name of god as though he were so chyldysh that he woulde neuer caull vs vnto an accouÌtes for oure vngodly blasphemies We so âeare Christ and al the partes of his moost blissed body as thogh he shuld neuer come vnto the iudgement for to rewarde the good to condemne the euell Christ sayth that we shall gyue an accouÌtes at yâ daye of iudgement for euery ydle worde Math. xii that we haue spoken what is thaÌ to be thought of our abhominable othes wherby God is so greatly dishhonoured What accosites shal we gyue of theÌ Howe narowly shal we be examined of them What wyl we aunswere in this behalfe What wyll we saye what excuse wyll we make I feare vnlesse we shall be redy of oure owne free wyll to runne hedlong into hell syre before the terrible sentence of damnacion be giuen our conscience shall so condeÌne vs. Lorde holde thy holy hande ouer vs gyue vs grace to amende Sayente Pauls sayth Colos. iiii lette your speache be well fauoured and powdered wyth salte that ye may know howe to answere euery man What place hathe thys commaundement of thapostle among them whiche so pouder theyr wordes the there come nothyng out of theyr mouthes but vayne othes wicked blasphemies The communicacioÌ of these men sauour lytle of salte wherby is vnderstonde the wysdome of Gods word what saâe signifyeth it is so fresh vnsauery Yea wolde God these abhominable blaspemers of Gods moost holy name were not extreme enemies to gods worde chosyng rather to remayne dastardes styll in the folyshnesse of the worlde Swearers are enemyes to gods word than to become wyse and prudeÌt in the wysdome of gods worde All swerers therfore are enemies bothe to god and hys worde A Christen man maye not acquaynte hymselfe wyth such maÌners nor so wyckedly abuse hys tonge For oure tonge is gyuen vs not that we shoulde sweare lye blaspheme ieste rayle scoffe mocke vse vngodly talke but yâ we shulde onely speake those thynges whiche maye bothe turne vnto the glory of god the health of our neyghbour And thys is it that S. Paule sayth let your speach be wel fauoured and poudered wyth salte Colos. iiii Our speche is well sauoured semely honest comely whan there appeare the no thing in it that maye offende the eares of ony true Christen man Mark wel but is agreable in all poyntes to godlynes and honeste It is poudered wyth salte wheÌ it vttreth those thynges which are godly wyse and edifye so many as are the hearers of it Let all swerers marke this and amende theyr coÌmunicacion vnlesse they be that vnsauery salte Math. v whiche shall be caste out and troden vnder foote Agayne he sayth lette no sylthye coÌmunicacion procede out of youre mouthes Ephe. iiii
that is peace amite concorde Christen charite brought agayne betwene theÌ that were at debate and the worke of the dyuell is destroyed that is to saye dissensioÌ stryfe is takeÌ away An oothe sayth S. Paule Heb. vi is yâ ende of all controuersy Moreouer if heresy treason theft manslaughter An example for the ãâã of our selfes whoredome or ony other notable vice were layd to a christeÌ mannes charge wherof he knoweth hymselfe gyltlesse and nothynge âauty he may lawfully take an othe and sweare vnto the contrary for yâ defence of his honest name and godly reporte And this hisooth is both ryghteous and godly For it dothe not only defende hys owne purite innocency of lyfe but also it setteth forthe the glory of God For as God is dishonoured thorowe the wycked actes of them âhat professe hym so is he glorified thorowe the good dedes of them which do both professe hym also lyue accordynge to theyr professioÌ In Parenes ãâã Dâmon The Greke Oratour Isocrates gyueth an excelleÌt very notable commaundement concernynge swearynge whyche I wyll here reherse that Christen men redyng the wordes of an Ethnycke maye once be ashamed of theyr wyckednes His wordes are theyse Take an oothe yâ is putte vnto the for two causes Mark wel eyther yâ thou mayste delyuer thy selfe âroÌ a filthy cause or yâ thou mayst preserue thy freÌdes yâ are in perel dauÌger But for mony looke thou swearest by no God although thou swearest ryghteously For to some thou shalt seme to forsweare thy self and to soÌe to be desyrous of mony What a sayeng is this of a Gentile Howe lytle dissente the this from the holye scriptures Howe doth this coÌdeÌne them which for slender auauntage or lytyl mony wyl not only streyght wayes sweare but also for swere theÌselfes Austen for swearynâ S. Austen sayth doth not he take yâ name of God in vayne which for the loue of a teÌporall thyng that is playne fylthynesse to a Christen maÌ taketh God for a wytnesse The lawe hath forbyddeÌ Exo xx that thou shuldest once couyt Doste thou not couit if thou byndest thy selfe wythe an oothe that thou mayst kepe thy substaunce Euery creature is subiecte vnto vanite And is not this for vayne thynges Ergo he sweareth in vayne whiche for creatures calleth God a wytnesse c. S. Hierome also saythe In Math Cap. v the Euangelicall truthe receaueth no othe seyng euery faythful word is for an oth Here vnto pertayneth yâ sayeÌg of our golden mouthed Doctour the cause of an othe is this Quaestiv âan Iuranenti sayth he that euery one that sweareth sweareth for this intent that he maye speake yâ which is truthe And therfore yâ Lord wyll haue no difference betwene an ooth and our speache For as in an oothe it is not coÌuenieÌt that there be ony falshode or breakynge of promyse so lykewise in our wordes ought there to be no lye Sap. â For bothe periury lyeng is condemned with the payne of the diuine iudgement as the scrypture saythe the mouthe that lyeth slayeth the soule Who so euer therfore speaketh the truthe swearethe For it is wryttân a faythfull wytnesse wyll not âye Finally The magistrate maye lawfully require an oothe so ofte as ony ciuile magistrate or head officer requireth an oothe of vs for the preseruacion and mayntenaunce of the comon weale or ony other necessary vrgeÌt cause we ought gladly and wyllyngly for to sweare accordyng to thys coÌmauÌdement of Christ Paye that to Cesar Mathâ xxii which is due to Cesar. But here are they to be monyshed which shall require the ooth of yâ subiectes that it is theyr dutye before the other be sworne to declare the matter wythe manifest wordes vnto theÌ An admonicion for theÌ yâ shall râquire the oothe that they maye well perceaue that they shall not sweare in vayne but for weyghty and necessary matters coÌcerning ether the glory of God or the profyt of the common weale For meÌ ought not to be called forthe to sweare for euery lyght trifle nor yet to sweare as many do they can not tell what nor wherfore The to muche customable vse of sweryng hath brought it so to passe that as many care but lytyl to sweare so forse they not moche to forswear theÌ selfes The cause for the whiche menne shulde sweare ought not onely to be good but also necessary and so opeÌly proued vnto them before they be broughte vnto theyr oothe Thys shulde make men to haue the name of God in yâ hygher reuerence to take an ooth wythe the godlyer mynde and to haue the office of the head rulars in yâ greater estimacion For to make meÌ sweare by compulsioÌ before they knowe the matter whyther it be good lawful godlye necessarye or otherwyse lette other menne iudge that be better learnedde than I whyther it be agreable to the worde of GOD or not But thys dare I be bolde to saye that an oothe can not be taken wythe to moche reuerence aduisemente in asmuche as by it God is called vpon to be a wytnesse in that behalfe Therfore ought men not to be compelled rashly to sweare vnles by that meanes they prouoke the veÌgeaunce of God both agaynst them selfes and those also that cause them so vnaduisedly for to sweare but to come vnto theyr oothe wythe great sobriete and deliberacion Thus lewe for what causes it is lawfull for a ChristeÌ man to sweare what soeuer oothe cometh forth out of our mouthe if it be not for one of these causes aforsayd it is daÌnable playne synne Therfore lette all men take hede Let no man from henseforthe take the name of oure Lorde God in vayne for who so dothe shal not surely escape vnponyshed Let the rulars of the comoÌ weale fynde some honest remedy Magistrates that the name of God be no more blasphemed among theyr subiectes Let theÌ consyder howe loth they are that they them selfes shulde be euyll spoken of and blasphemed Lette them weygh wyth them selues howe moche God excelleth them how farre hys dignite dothe excede theyr dignite If ony man defacethe theyr renowme they are ponyshed streyghtwayes not without a cause But how chauÌseth it that the Lorde of all Lordes and Kyng of all Kynges is no more feared How cometh it to passe that hys moost holye blyssed name is so vniuersally blasphemed yea yâ frely and wythout punyshment Were it not thyncke you conuenieÌt that the ciuile magistrate shulde earnestly prouide that the name of GOD myght haue hys due honour and yâ it myghte no more be abused withe abhominable vnlawfull oothes in theyr Realmes but praysed magnified seynge that by it we obtayne all oure healthe and saluacion God by his holy spirite mought vouchesafe to breathe into the hartes of all Prynces Kynges and rulars that whan they be godly assembled togyther for matters coÌcernyng the glory of god the publique
shulde be estemed among Christen men of so small pryce that for the valoure of a lytyll temporall auauntage and worldely lucre men shulde abuse it and vaynely take it Wo be to that man whyche for hys owne priuate lucre dothe blaspheme the name of God or ony of hys creatures There oughte to be so great sincerite and fayth among Christen men that there shulde nede no othes in theyr bargaynes and worldly businesses A Christen mannes worde oughte to be better and surer than ony obligacioÌ God graunt that we maye once se thys come to passe in Englonde Let them that sweare Swearers of custome because it is the custome so to do leaue theyr swearyng and no more followe the wycked custome but the truethe of Gods worde whiche saythe sweare not at all Math. v. Let your communicacioÌ be yea yea naye naye Lette them that glory reioyse so muche in theyr swearyng Swearers for pryde that they wyll take vpon them to mayntayne it by yâ scripture abstayne froÌ theyr idle oothes and wreaste no more the holy scripture vnlesse they folowing the manners of SataÌ receaue a rewarde worthy theyr wyckednesse Math. iiii Let them that saye though they sweare Swearers meanynge no euyll yet we thyncke no harme Math. âiii leaue theyr swearyng and remember that they shall gyue accouÌtes at the dredeful daye of iudgement for euery idle word that they haue spoken Swearers yâ they may be beleued so that they shall not escape vnponished for theyr idle oothes Let them that saye fewe or none wyll beleue vs except we sweare rather meddle wyth fewe or none thaÌ they shuld transgresse the commauÌdement of God bryng damnacion vpon theyr owne heades To conclude let all oothes be taken away from the myndes of Christen menne excepte they be taken for those causes whiche I haue expressed before If we wyll thê° do we shal easely exchewe the moost detestable vice of periury and frendely lyue togyther in all truethe sincerite and fayth as it become the saynctes so many as professe Christ. For he that wyll not sweare wyll not lyghtelye falsely sweare and be forsworne And that we maye be the more encouraged to forsake all vayne idle oothes The conclusion of the booke let vs remember that God which is the euerlastyng truthe hath promised that he wyll glorify them whiche honoure hym and haue hys name in reuerence Agen that they shall come vnto dishonour a shamefull ende that despyse hym and blaspheme hys moost holye name Nowe if we wyll that God glorify vs God to glorify vs what it is that is to saye be our good Lord defend preserue kepe gouerne vs blysse vs lyghten hys gracious couÌtenaÌs vpon vs sende vs all thynges necessary for our lyuynge in this present worlde and after thys lyfe gyue vs eternall glory than is it conuenient that we do not abuse yâ name of god by our vayne vnrighteous othes but alwayes laude prayse coÌmend magnify blysse it caull vpon it fly vnto it as vnto an holye anchore in all our aduersite and neuer to haue in our mouthes What euylles shall chaunse vnto vs if we vaynly swere but wythe hygh reuerence and great honour If we do the contrary that is to saye blaspheme hys moost holy name than shall we vndoubtedly come vnto dishonoure a shamefull ende In thys worlde the plage and veÌgeauÌce of God shall not go awaye from oure houses we shal be stryken wyth many greuous diseases in our bodyes oure goodes and cattell yea and all that euer we haue shal come to noght our kynde of lyuyng shall be despysed wyth all good men our death shall be paynefull miserable and wretched after these so great and manifold plages we maye be sure for our wycked sweryng to be cast into hell fyre where the flames of it shall neâer be quenched where wepyng and gnashyng of tethe shall be Esa. lâvi where the worme that shall gnawe oure consciences shall neuer dye Math. xxiii Therfore I beseche al Christen meÌ by the tender marcyes of God and by the moost precious bloud of oure sauiour Iesus Christ wherby alonâ we are redemed made pure and deliuered from al our synnes that they from hensforth leaue theyr abhominable swearyng ether by God or by ony of hys creatures Let them neuer take God to wytnes excepte it be in a necessarye and earneste matter I meane suche a matter as maketh vnto the glorye of God Let theyr coÌmunicacion be yea yea nay naye Let so great syncerite truthe and faythe reygne among theÌ that one maye beleue another wythoute an oothe euen by a worde Let theÌ haue God in suche reuereÌce and honoure and so order theyr tonges in thys worlde vnto the glory of God that after this lyfe thorowe the mercy of God they maye be found worthy to be in the nomber of those blissed spirites which without ceasyng syng perpetual prayses to the moste holy name of God on thys manner Great and maruelous are thy workes Apoca. xv O Lorde God almyghty Apoca. iiii ryghteous true are thy wayes o kynge of saynctes Who shall not feare the O Lorde and magnifye thy name For thou arte worthy O Lorde to take the glory and honour power for thou haste made al thynges and for thy wyll they are and were made Apoca. v. To him that sytteth in the throne and to the lambe be blyssynge and honour and glory power worldes wtout end AmeÌ Â¶ Saye not but that ye are warned ¶ Gyue the glory to God alone ¶ Actes agaynst customable swearers made in tymes past by dyuers excellent Prynces and theyr honorable councell ¶ Kynge Henry the fyfte KYnge Henry the fyste made a statute for swearers in his owne Palace Vvaldenus in quo dam sermone that if he were a Duke yâ dyd swere he shuld forfyt for euery tyme xl sÌ to the aydyng of poore people Wolde god thys statute were obserued and keptâ now adayes not only in the courte but also thorowout EngloÌd If he were a Lorde or Barone xx sÌ If he were a Knyght or an Esquyer x. sÌ If he were a Yeman xl d If he were a Page or a Lackey or a slaue to be scourged naked eyther wyth a rodde or els wyth a whyppe ¶ Kynge Edmunde KYnge EdmuÌde made thys law that they whyche were proued once falsly forsworne shuld for euer be seperated froÌ Gods coÌgregacioÌ Â¶ Donaldus Kynge of Skottes DOnaldus Kynge of Skottes made thys acte wtin hys lond ãâã Botius in historia Scotorum that all Periurers common swearers shulde haue theyr lippes feared wyth a burnyng whot yron ¶ Sayncte Lodowycke Kynge of Fraunce THys lawe aforsayd dyd Saynt Lodowycke Kynge of Fraunce enacte also A godly prâclamacion god send ãâã many ãâã and put it once in execucioÌ at Paris vpon a Cytezyn there for blasphemyng the name of Christ vnto the