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A06866 An inuectyue agenst the moost wicked [and] detestable vyce of swearing, newly co[m]piled by Theodore Basille Becon, Thomas, 1512-1567. 1543 (1543) STC 1730.5; ESTC S115309 64,946 210

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reiecte as a thyng muche daungerous and hurtefull bothe to the body and soule Suche an othe Iud. xi promyse or vowe made Iepte that if God wolde delyuer the chyldren of Amnon into his handes whan he came home agayne in peace what so euer thynge commeth fyrst out of his dores shulde be the Lordes and he wolde offer it vp for a burnt offeryng At his returne it fortuned that his doughter being his only chylde came out agenst him wythe tymberelles and daunces Whan he sawe her he was much amased and greatly sorowful because of his vow that he had made to god Notwythstondyng he sayde God desyreth thanckes gyuyng and not bloudy sacrifices I haue opened my mouthe vnto the Lorde and canne not go backe So that to fulfyll his folyshe and wycked vowe he committed the greuous synne of manslaughter and cruelly ●●ue hys owne doughter contrary to y● lawe of God whan it had ben better and muche more godly to haue brokē his folyshe vowe and to haue kepte hys handes clene from the bloude of hys doughter and to haue gyuen God ryght harty thanckes for the victory that he had gotten ouer hys enemies Psal. i For it is the sacrifice of prayse that honourethe God Heb. xiii The calfes of oure lyppes are acceptable sacrifyce and welcome vnto god Psal. xlix I meane thākes gyuyng For he delyghtethe not in the slaughter of ony creature but rather wylleth that they shuld lyue vnto that vse and end for the which they were made God the father by the Psalmograph sayth heare o my people let me speake let me testifye among you O Israel I am god yea I am euen thy God I wyll not reproue the bycause of thy sacrifices thy burnte offerynges are alway in my syght I wyll take no bullockes out of thy house nor goates oute of thy feldes For all the beastes of the felde are myne and thousandes of cattell vpon the hylles I knowe all the soules vpon the mountaynes the wylde beastes of the felde are in my syght If I be hongry I wyl not tel the for the whole world is myne all that therin is Thynkest thou that I wyll eate the flesh of oxen or dryncke the bloude of gotes Offer vnto god the sacrifice of prayse and pay thy vowes vnto the moost highest And call vpon me in the tyme of trouble so wyll I heare the that thou shalte thāke me The Psalmograph hymselfe also sayth Psal. ●v in me o god are thy vowes which I shall paye vnto the euen very harty prayses thankes gyuyng Vowes ofentymes in the scripture are taken for prayses and thankes gyuyng He calleth the vowes y● we shulde offer vnto God for his benefites prayses thankes gyuyng and not the kyllyng and offryng vp of our chyldren or the performynge of such folysh wicked vowes which cā not be performed wythout synne and vngodlines Herode also made a promyse to the doughter of Herodias whā she daūced salyed so plesantly before hym and hys Lordes at a certayne banket that he wolde gyue her what so euer she wold aske euen vnto y● halfe of hys kyngdome She by the councell of her wycked mother asked the head of Iohn̄ Baptiste So that the kynge because he wold not go backe of his worde suffered the holy Prophet of God to be slayne no cause why but only y● he thought it wolde not stonde with his honour royall dignite to breake his promyse Ah folysh vowe and more folysh kyng Ah wycked promyse and more wycked kynge Better had it bene for hym a thousa●d tymes to haue gone backe of his worde to haue brokē his wicked vow and to haue loste al his royall dignite than so vertuous a man shulde haue bene slayne We ●e to all those vowes and promises whyche are not fulfilled without synne and wyckednes Agen we rede in thactes of thapostles that there were mo than forty men which had conspired agenst Paule Act. xxiii and made a solemne vow an earnest promyse and a foule deuout ooth that they woulde neyther eate nor dryncke vntyll they had slayn● Paule For we are redy saye they to kyll him before he come nygh vnto vs by a myle A whotte zele in dede but not accordynge to knowledge Here was a whotte brennyng zele They thought euery hour a thousād yere tyl they might mete with tholy Apostle and shedde his bloude they were so lothe to be founde double in theyr wordes so sory that he shulde teache ony more such newe learnyng and late sprong vp heresye vnto the great confusion of theyr holye synagoge and the vtter shame of y● foole d●uout fathers the Pharises Scribes Lawers bishoppes prestes rulars of the Temple elders of the people c. To preuent these high inconueniences and to suppresse y● great enormities newly reysed vp by the meās of Paules doctrine ye wyll not easely beleue what paynes these good men toke They coulde not rest nether nyghte nor daye As for meate dryncke and slepe was gone with them B● mery at theyr hartes they could neuer vntyll they had slayne Paule y● greate Heretyke that teacher of new learnyng that brynger in of new lawes that destroyer of all the olde laudable customes that troubler of the cōmon peace Ioan. xvi that sower of discorde y● peruertour of the holy olde religiō that enemy of all good deuocion c. Therfore made they a solemne vow in good tyme might it be spokē that they woulde tast nothyng no not so much as a pore ale bery for y● cōforte of theyr harte vntyl they had slayn Paule in so muche that they were gone so farre in dede that they had rather slea Paule and cast theyr soules into hell fyre for doyng that mischeuous acte than they would once breake theyr vowe For they iudged by this meanes to do God an hyghe sacrifice Surely I thyncke that if the porke of Rome had at that tyme 〈◊〉 reygnyng and in his full power scaulled they would scasely haue beleued that he had ben able to dispēse wyth theyr vow it was so solem feruent and spronge out of the harte roote Is it not to be thought that they were whot in theyr matters whā they coulde not kepe theyr mischeuous pretence secrette Dignū patella operculum but came vnto the chefe prestes and elders as couers worthy such cuppes gostly fathers fyt for suche a confession and tolde them that they had boūde them selues wyth a vowe that they myght eate nothyng vntyl the had slayne Paule Had it not ben great pitie thynke you that these menne shulde haue dyed for ●onger seynge they fasted for so good a purpose O holy votories I maruell howe they could euer pacify theyr consciences afterwarde seynge they made so solemne a vowe and yet brake it For they neuer slue Paule so myghty a Lorde is God to defende his serualltes from the cruell handes of bloudy tyrauntes But the holye religious men are
our tyme There lyue at this daye whiche haue knowen certen mē to be great swear●rs of whome some many yeares before they dyed were greuously punyshed wyth straūge and innumerable diseases some by y● strong hand of God had theyr houses as y● Prophet Zachary sayth consumed with fyre some lost theyr speache before they dyed another sort certen dayes before they dyed Felix quē faciūt alienape ricula ca●tum had such an heate and brēning in theyr mouthes that by no means they could suffer to haue them speared Theyr tōge all that euer was within theyr mouthe was so blacke as a coole Were not all these manifest tokens of Gods wrath and vengeaunce for takynge his holy name in vayne Woulde God they y● were thus punyshed myght be an example vnto vs for to leaue the wycked and vngodly custome of swearyng If we wyll not cease but styll prouoke god vnto anger surely we shal proue feale those same plages and much more greuous And wolde god oure paynes myghte cease in thys worlde that we myght be free from euerlastyng damnacion We all professe Christ Ioan. viii Ioan. x Ioan. xviii and caull our selues christians why do we not thā those thinges that Christ commaundeth vs Christ sayth he that is of God heareth the wordes of god Ioan. xv Agayne any shepe heare my voyce Mat. ● Also in another place euery one that is of the trueth hereth my voyce If we therfore be of God why do we not heare the wordes of God If we be y● shepe of Christ whye do we not heare our sheppardes voyce If we pertayne vnto Christ which is y● selfe trueth why do we not heare hys voyce Christ sayth ye haue hearde that ii was sayd to them of thou old time thou shalt not forsweare thy selfe but perfourme vnto the Lorde that y● haste sworne But I saye vnto you swer● not at al neyther by heauē for it is the throne of God neyther by earth for it is the footestoole of hys feete nor by Hierusalem for it is the citis of the great kyng nether shalt thou swear by thy head because thou art not able to make one heare whyght or blacke But let your communicaciō be yea yea naye naye For what so euer is more than that cometh of euell Herevnto agreeth S. Iames sayeng before all thynges Iacob v o my brethren looke ye sweare not nether by heuē nor by earth nor by ony other ooth Let your cōmunicaciō be yea yea naye naye that ye fall not into dissimulacion Here are we forbyddan to sweare by ony thynge that euer God made If it be not lawfull for vs to sweare by ony thīg y● euer Godmade thā is it not lawful for vs to swear by him that made al thinges If it be synne to sweare by the creatures thā must it nedes be damnable to sweare by y● creatore Why do we not remember these thynges and leaue our great swearynge It is a shame to se christen men lyue so contrarye to theyr profession It shall be more tollerable to Tyrus and Sydon to Sod● me Gomorre at the daye of iudgement Math. xi than to vs except we shortely repent beleue and amend For that seruāt which knowethe his masters wyll and doth it not shall be beaten w many strypes Swearyng hathe euer bene coūted a thing of so great absurdite Luke xii that the very Ethnyckes and Gentiles dydde deteste it in so muche that a certayne Greke Poet wryteth on this manner flye swearyng although thyne ooth be rygh● accordyng to the truethe Our damnacion is greata What a sayeng is this of an Infidell Shall not he and such other ryse vp at the daye of iudgement condemne vs seyng they were Infidelles and we Christen men Our Lorde be mercifull vnto vs. All hunte after worldly promocions and seake to lyue in pleasure and welth but no man seaketh howe to lede a godly innocent lyfe howe to leaue theyr swearyng and to magnify the moost glorious name of God For we go forthe styll to synne as thoughe there were no punishment ordined for it at all We blaspheme the name of god as though he were so chyldysh that he woulde neuer caull vs vnto an accoūtes for oure vngodly blasphemies We so ●eare Christ and al the partes of his moost blissed body as thogh he shuld neuer come vnto the iudgement for to rewarde the good to condemne the euell Christ sayth that we shall gyue an accoūtes at y● daye of iudgement for euery ydle worde Math. xii that we haue spoken what is thā to be thought of our abhominable othes wherby God is so greatly dishhonoured What accosites shal we gyue of thē Howe narowly shal we be examined of them What wyl we aunswere in this behalfe What wyll we saye what excuse wyll we make I feare vnlesse we shall be redy of oure owne free wyll to runne hedlong into hell syre before the terrible sentence of damnacion be giuen our conscience shall so condēne vs. Lorde holde thy holy hande ouer vs gyue vs grace to amende Sayente Pauls sayth Colos. iiii lette your speache be well fauoured and powdered wyth salte that ye may know howe to answere euery man What place hathe thys commaundement of thapostle among them whiche so pouder theyr wordes the there come nothyng out of theyr mouthes but vayne othes wicked blasphemies The communicaciō of these men sauour lytle of salte wherby is vnderstonde the wysdome of Gods word what sa●e signifyeth it is so fresh vnsauery Yea wolde God these abhominable blaspemers of Gods moost holy name were not extreme enemies to gods worde chosyng rather to remayne dastardes styll in the folyshnesse of the worlde Swearers are enemyes to gods word than to become wyse and prudēt in the wysdome of gods worde All swerers therfore are enemies bothe to god and hys worde A Christen man maye not acquaynte hymselfe wyth such māners nor so wyckedly abuse hys tonge For oure tonge is gyuen vs not that we shoulde sweare lye blaspheme ieste rayle scoffe mocke vse vngodly talke but y● we shulde onely speake those thynges whiche maye bothe turne vnto the glory of god the health of our neyghbour And thys is it that S. Paule sayth let your speach be wel fauoured and poudered wyth salte Colos. iiii Our speche is well sauoured semely honest comely whan there appeare the no thing in it that maye offende the eares of ony true Christen man Mark wel but is agreable in all poyntes to godlynes and honeste It is poudered wyth salte whē it vttreth those thynges which are godly wyse and edifye so many as are the hearers of it Let all swerers marke this and amende theyr cōmunicacion vnlesse they be that vnsauery salte Math. v whiche shall be caste out and troden vnder foote Agayne he sayth lette no sylthye cōmunicacion procede out of youre mouthes Ephe. iiii
that is peace amite concorde Christen charite brought agayne betwene thē that were at debate and the worke of the dyuell is destroyed that is to saye dissensiō stryfe is takē away An oothe sayth S. Paule Heb. vi is y● ende of all controuersy Moreouer if heresy treason theft manslaughter An example for the 〈◊〉 of our selfes whoredome or ony other notable vice were layd to a christē mannes charge wherof he knoweth hymselfe gyltlesse and nothynge ●auty he may lawfully take an othe and sweare vnto the contrary for y● defence of his honest name and godly reporte And this hisooth is both ryghteous and godly For it dothe not only defende hys owne purite innocency of lyfe but also it setteth forthe the glory of God For as God is dishonoured thorowe the wycked actes of them ●hat professe hym so is he glorified thorowe the good dedes of them which do both professe hym also lyue accordynge to theyr professiō In Parenes 〈◊〉 D●mon The Greke Oratour Isocrates gyueth an excellēt very notable commaundement concernynge swearynge whyche I wyll here reherse that Christen men redyng the wordes of an Ethnycke maye once be ashamed of theyr wyckednes His wordes are theyse Take an oothe y● is putte vnto the for two causes Mark wel eyther y● thou mayste delyuer thy selfe ●rō a filthy cause or y● thou mayst preserue thy frēdes y● are in perel daūger But for mony looke thou swearest by no God although thou swearest ryghteously For to some thou shalt seme to forsweare thy self and to sōe to be desyrous of mony What a sayeng is this of a Gentile Howe lytle dissente the this from the holye scriptures Howe doth this cōdēne them which for slender auauntage or lytyl mony wyl not only streyght wayes sweare but also for swere thēselfes Austen for swearyn● S. Austen sayth doth not he take y● name of God in vayne which for the loue of a tēporall thyng that is playne fylthynesse to a Christen mā taketh God for a wytnesse The lawe hath forbyddē Exo xx that thou shuldest once couyt Doste thou not couit if thou byndest thy selfe wythe an oothe that thou mayst kepe thy substaunce Euery creature is subiecte vnto vanite And is not this for vayne thynges Ergo he sweareth in vayne whiche for creatures calleth God a wytnesse c. S. Hierome also saythe In Math Cap. v the Euangelicall truthe receaueth no othe seyng euery faythful word is for an oth Here vnto pertayneth y● sayēg of our golden mouthed Doctour the cause of an othe is this Quaestiv ●an Iuranenti sayth he that euery one that sweareth sweareth for this intent that he maye speake y● which is truthe And therfore y● Lord wyll haue no difference betwene an ooth and our speache For as in an oothe it is not cōueniēt that there be ony falshode or breakynge of promyse so lykewise in our wordes ought there to be no lye Sap. ● For bothe periury lyeng is condemned with the payne of the diuine iudgement as the scrypture saythe the mouthe that lyeth slayeth the soule Who so euer therfore speaketh the truthe swearethe For it is wrytt●n a faythfull wytnesse wyll not ●ye Finally The magistrate maye lawfully require an oothe so ofte as ony ciuile magistrate or head officer requireth an oothe of vs for the preseruacion and mayntenaunce of the comon weale or ony other necessary vrgēt cause we ought gladly and wyllyngly for to sweare accordyng to thys cōmaūdement of Christ Paye that to Cesar Math● xxii which is due to Cesar. But here are they to be monyshed which shall require the ooth of y● subiectes that it is theyr dutye before the other be sworne to declare the matter wythe manifest wordes vnto thē An admonicion for thē y● shall r●quire the oothe that they maye well perceaue that they shall not sweare in vayne but for weyghty and necessary matters cōcerning ether the glory of God or the profyt of the common weale For mē ought not to be called forthe to sweare for euery lyght trifle nor yet to sweare as many do they can not tell what nor wherfore The to muche customable vse of sweryng hath brought it so to passe that as many care but lytyl to sweare so forse they not moche to forswear thē selfes The cause for the whiche menne shulde sweare ought not onely to be good but also necessary and so opēly proued vnto them before they be broughte vnto theyr oothe Thys shulde make men to haue the name of God in y● hygher reuerence to take an ooth wythe the godlyer mynde and to haue the office of the head rulars in y● greater estimacion For to make mē sweare by compulsiō before they knowe the matter whyther it be good lawful godlye necessarye or otherwyse lette other menne iudge that be better learnedde than I whyther it be agreable to the worde of GOD or not But thys dare I be bolde to saye that an oothe can not be taken wythe to moche reuerence aduisemente in asmuche as by it God is called vpon to be a wytnesse in that behalfe Therfore ought men not to be compelled rashly to sweare vnles by that meanes they prouoke the vēgeaunce of God both agaynst them selfes and those also that cause them so vnaduisedly for to sweare but to come vnto theyr oothe wythe great sobriete and deliberacion Thus lewe for what causes it is lawfull for a Christē man to sweare what soeuer oothe cometh forth out of our mouthe if it be not for one of these causes aforsayd it is dānable playne synne Therfore lette all men take hede Let no man from henseforthe take the name of oure Lorde God in vayne for who so dothe shal not surely escape vnponyshed Let the rulars of the comō weale fynde some honest remedy Magistrates that the name of God be no more blasphemed among theyr subiectes Let thē consyder howe loth they are that they them selfes shulde be euyll spoken of and blasphemed Lette them weygh wyth them selues howe moche God excelleth them how farre hys dignite dothe excede theyr dignite If ony man defacethe theyr renowme they are ponyshed streyghtwayes not without a cause But how chaūseth it that the Lorde of all Lordes and Kyng of all Kynges is no more feared How cometh it to passe that hys moost holye blyssed name is so vniuersally blasphemed yea y● frely and wythout punyshment Were it not thyncke you conueniēt that the ciuile magistrate shulde earnestly prouide that the name of GOD myght haue hys due honour and y● it myghte no more be abused withe abhominable vnlawfull oothes in theyr Realmes but praysed magnified seynge that by it we obtayne all oure healthe and saluacion God by his holy spirite mought vouchesafe to breathe into the hartes of all Prynces Kynges and rulars that whan they be godly assembled togyther for matters cōcernyng the glory of god the publique
shulde be estemed among Christen men of so small pryce that for the valoure of a lytyll temporall auauntage and worldely lucre men shulde abuse it and vaynely take it Wo be to that man whyche for hys owne priuate lucre dothe blaspheme the name of God or ony of hys creatures There oughte to be so great sincerite and fayth among Christen men that there shulde nede no othes in theyr bargaynes and worldly businesses A Christen mannes worde oughte to be better and surer than ony obligaciō God graunt that we maye once se thys come to passe in Englonde Let them that sweare Swearers of custome because it is the custome so to do leaue theyr swearyng and no more followe the wycked custome but the truethe of Gods worde whiche saythe sweare not at all Math. v. Let your communicaciō be yea yea naye naye Lette them that glory reioyse so muche in theyr swearyng Swearers for pryde that they wyll take vpon them to mayntayne it by y● scripture abstayne frō theyr idle oothes and wreaste no more the holy scripture vnlesse they folowing the manners of Satā receaue a rewarde worthy theyr wyckednesse Math. iiii Let them that saye though they sweare Swearers meanynge no euyll yet we thyncke no harme Math. ●iii leaue theyr swearyng and remember that they shall gyue accoūtes at the dredeful daye of iudgement for euery idle word that they haue spoken Swearers y● they may be beleued so that they shall not escape vnponished for theyr idle oothes Let them that saye fewe or none wyll beleue vs except we sweare rather meddle wyth fewe or none thā they shuld transgresse the commaūdement of God bryng damnacion vpon theyr owne heades To conclude let all oothes be taken away from the myndes of Christen menne excepte they be taken for those causes whiche I haue expressed before If we wyll thꝰ do we shal easely exchewe the moost detestable vice of periury and frendely lyue togyther in all truethe sincerite and fayth as it become the saynctes so many as professe Christ. For he that wyll not sweare wyll not lyghtelye falsely sweare and be forsworne And that we maye be the more encouraged to forsake all vayne idle oothes The conclusion of the booke let vs remember that God which is the euerlastyng truthe hath promised that he wyll glorify them whiche honoure hym and haue hys name in reuerence Agen that they shall come vnto dishonour a shamefull ende that despyse hym and blaspheme hys moost holye name Nowe if we wyll that God glorify vs God to glorify vs what it is that is to saye be our good Lord defend preserue kepe gouerne vs blysse vs lyghten hys gracious coūtenās vpon vs sende vs all thynges necessary for our lyuynge in this present worlde and after thys lyfe gyue vs eternall glory than is it conuenient that we do not abuse y● name of god by our vayne vnrighteous othes but alwayes laude prayse cōmend magnify blysse it caull vpon it fly vnto it as vnto an holye anchore in all our aduersite and neuer to haue in our mouthes What euylles shall chaunse vnto vs if we vaynly swere but wythe hygh reuerence and great honour If we do the contrary that is to saye blaspheme hys moost holy name than shall we vndoubtedly come vnto dishonoure a shamefull ende In thys worlde the plage and vēgeaūce of God shall not go awaye from oure houses we shal be stryken wyth many greuous diseases in our bodyes oure goodes and cattell yea and all that euer we haue shal come to noght our kynde of lyuyng shall be despysed wyth all good men our death shall be paynefull miserable and wretched after these so great and manifold plages we maye be sure for our wycked sweryng to be cast into hell fyre where the flames of it shall ne●er be quenched where wepyng and gnashyng of tethe shall be Esa. l●vi where the worme that shall gnawe oure consciences shall neuer dye Math. xxiii Therfore I beseche al Christen mē by the tender marcyes of God and by the moost precious bloud of oure sauiour Iesus Christ wherby alon● we are redemed made pure and deliuered from al our synnes that they from hensforth leaue theyr abhominable swearyng ether by God or by ony of hys creatures Let them neuer take God to wytnes excepte it be in a necessarye and earneste matter I meane suche a matter as maketh vnto the glorye of God Let theyr cōmunicacion be yea yea nay naye Let so great syncerite truthe and faythe reygne among thē that one maye beleue another wythoute an oothe euen by a worde Let thē haue God in suche reuerēce and honoure and so order theyr tonges in thys worlde vnto the glory of God that after this lyfe thorowe the mercy of God they maye be found worthy to be in the nomber of those blissed spirites which without ceasyng syng perpetual prayses to the moste holy name of God on thys manner Great and maruelous are thy workes Apoca. xv O Lorde God almyghty Apoca. iiii ryghteous true are thy wayes o kynge of saynctes Who shall not feare the O Lorde and magnifye thy name For thou arte worthy O Lorde to take the glory and honour power for thou haste made al thynges and for thy wyll they are and were made Apoca. v. To him that sytteth in the throne and to the lambe be blyssynge and honour and glory power worldes wtout end Amē ¶ Saye not but that ye are warned ¶ Gyue the glory to God alone ¶ Actes agaynst customable swearers made in tymes past by dyuers excellent Prynces and theyr honorable councell ¶ Kynge Henry the fyfte KYnge Henry the fyste made a statute for swearers in his owne Palace Vvaldenus in quo dam sermone that if he were a Duke y● dyd swere he shuld forfyt for euery tyme xl s̄ to the aydyng of poore people Wolde god thys statute were obserued and kept● now adayes not only in the courte but also thorowout Englōd If he were a Lorde or Barone xx s̄ If he were a Knyght or an Esquyer x. s̄ If he were a Yeman xl d If he were a Page or a Lackey or a slaue to be scourged naked eyther wyth a rodde or els wyth a whyppe ¶ Kynge Edmunde KYnge Edmūde made thys law that they whyche were proued once falsly forsworne shuld for euer be seperated frō Gods cōgregaciō ¶ Donaldus Kynge of Skottes DOnaldus Kynge of Skottes made thys acte wtin hys lond 〈◊〉 Botius in historia Scotorum that all Periurers common swearers shulde haue theyr lippes feared wyth a burnyng whot yron ¶ Sayncte Lodowycke Kynge of Fraunce THys lawe aforsayd dyd Saynt Lodowycke Kynge of Fraunce enacte also A godly pr●clamacion god send 〈◊〉 many 〈◊〉 and put it once in execuciō at Paris vpon a Cytezyn there for blasphemyng the name of Christ vnto the