and forced to fly into the Isle of Man where he died Anno. 819. TRAWST the Daughter of Elise by her Husband Sitsylht had Issue Lhewelyn who married Angharad the Daughter and Heir of Meredyth King of Southwales This Lhewelyn in the Year 1015. raised a great Power against Aedan the Son of Blegored who had usurped the Kingdom of Northwales whom with his four Sons having slain he took to himself the Name and Authority of King of Wales 1. Gruffyth who in the year 1037. having slain in battle Jago King of Northwales assumed the Kingdom to himself A Daughter not named married to Fleance Son of Bancho a Scotch Nobleman cruelly murthered by Mackbeth King of Scotland whose Fury Fleance escaping fled into Wales where being kindly received by King Gruffyth he privately married his Daughter whereat the King who by his Daughters being with Child had found out the Marriage was so highly offended that he caused Fleance to be kild and his Daughter imprisoned who was soon after delivered of a Son which was named Walter who going into Scotland grew into such Favor with King Malcolm the IIId that he was by him made Lord High Steward of Scotland receiving the Kings Revenues of the whole Realm by the faithful Discharge of which Office he merited for for himself and Posterity the Surname of Stuart 2. Rees slain at a place called Bulendune in the year 1053. 2. Conan slain with his Brother Lhewelyn in the year 1021. This was the Rise and Original of the Royal Family of the Stuarts which has now for above three hundred years been in possession of the Crown of Scotland and about fourscore the sole Monarchs of Great Britain But tho this Descent be of the Younger House as coming from Elise second Son of Anarawd the first King of Northwales yet that his present Majesty of Great Britain is by Right of Primogeniture the next and undoubted Heir to Cadwalladar will manifestly appear by the following Table representing The Progeny Of Cadwalladar continued from Edwal Voel the eldest Son of Anarawd to our present Dread Soveraign King CHARLES the IId now swaying the Scepter of Great Britain EDWAL VOEL King of Northwales and Sovereign of all Wales eldest Son of Anarawd first King of Northwales and Grandson of Roderick Mawr King of Wales had Issue 1. Meyric who was deprived of his Inheritance first by his Cosen Howel Dha the eldest Son of Cadelh first King of Southwales afterwards by his own Brethren Jevaf and Jago In the year 973. he had his Eyes put out by his Nephew Howel the Son of Jevaf and soon after died in Prison leaving behinde him two Sons 2. Jevaf who with his Brother Jago after the Death of Howel Dha usurped the Kingdom of Northwales being the Right of their eldest Brother Meyric About the year 967. he was Imprisoned by his Brother Jago and in the year 973. set at liberty by his Son Howel who chased Jago out of the Land and took the Kingdom to himself 3. Jago who together with his Brother Jevaf in the year 948. after the Death of Howel Dha usurped the Kingdom of Northwales which of right belonged to their elder Brother Meyric MEYRIC the Son of Edwal Voel had Issue 1. Jonaval who in the year 985. was slain by Cadwalhon the Son of Jevaf and left no Issue 2. Edwal who in the year 992. recovered his Grandfathers Inheritance and after six years was slain by Swayn King of Denmark Jago who being under Age at his Fathers Death was deprived of his Inheritance by Aedan the Son of Blegored slain in the year 1015. by Lhewelyn the Son of Sitsylht who being in the year 1021. kild by Howel and Meredyth the Sons of Edwyn Jago recovered his Kingdom but was in the year 1037. slain by Gruffyth the Son of Lhewelyn Conan who being by Gruffyth ap Lhewelyn driven out of his Inheritance fled into Ireland where he married the Daugher of Alfred King of Develyn Gruffyth who in the year 1078. bringing a great Army of Irishmen and Scots into Wales and joyning with Rees ap Theodor the Heir of Southwales recovered his Grandfathers Kingdom He is the last to whom the Welâ—… Historians give the Name of King GRVFFYTH Son of Conan had Issue Owen Gwyneth Prince of Northwales and Soveraign of all VVales He died in the year 1169. leaving behind him a numerous Issue 1. Jorwerth Drwyndwn deprived of Inheritance by his younger Brother David Lhewelyn Prince of Northwales and Soveraign of all VVales for his Heroick Acts surnamed the Great who in the year 1237. being weakned by a Palsy and vexed with the Rebellion of his Base Son Gruffyth sent Ambassadours to Henry the IIId King of England submitting himself to his Protection condescending to hold his Principality of him and promising upon all Occasions to assist him to the uttermost of his Power He died in the year 1240. 2. David who usurping the Right of his eldest Brother succeeded his Father in the Principality which he held till the year 1194. when he lost it to his Nephew Lhewelyn the right Heir LHEWELYN the Son of Jorwerth by his Wife Jone Daughter to John King of England had Issue David Soveraign Prince of VVales who submitted himself and his Principality to his Uncle Henry the IIId King of England doing him Homage and Fealty for the same He died in the year 1246. without Issue Gladys Dhu a Daughter married to Ralph Lord Mortimer of Wigmor by whom she had Issue Roger Mortimer Lord of VVigmor who ought to have succeeded his Uncle David in the Principality of VVales but the VVelsh Nobility out of their Aversion to the English not regarding his Right did their Homage to Lhewelyn and Owen Goch Sons of Gruffyth Bastard-brother to the last Prince who divided the Principality between them till that Lhewelyn in the year 1254. having taken his Brother Owen Prisoner in battel enjoyed alone the whole Principality But in the year l282 Lhewelyn being slain by one Adam Francton an Englishman all VVales was by Edward the Ist brought in Subjection to the Crown of England and has so continued ever since The Eldest Son of Roger Mortimer by his Wife Maud Daughter of VVilliam de Bruse Lord of Brecknock was Edmund Mortimer Lord of VVigmor EDMVND MORTIMER Lord of VVigmor had Issue Roger Mortimer Lord of VVigmor who married Jone Daughter and Heir of Sir Peter Genivil was created Earl of March by King Edward the IIId and afterwards attainted Edmund Mortimer Lord of VVigmor married Elianor Widow of VVilliam de Bohun Earl of Northampton one of the Daughters and Heirs of Bartholomew Badelsmer Lord of Leeds in Kent Roger Mortimer Lord of VVigmor restored by King Edward the IIId to the Earldom of March and all his Grandfathers Inheritance Honors and Possessions the Attainder being repealed Edmund Mortimer Earl of March and Lord of VVigmor married Philippa Daughter and sole Heir of Leonell Duke of Clarence in whose Right he was Earl of Vlster He died
at Cork in Ireland Anno 1381. EDMVND MORTIMER Earl of March had Issue Roger Mortimer Earl of March and Vlster Lord of Wigmor Trym Clare and Connaght who married Elianor Eldest Daughter and one of the Heirs of Thomas Holland Earl of Kent 1. Roger Mortimer died without Issue 2. Edmund Mortimer died without Issue 3. Anne Mortimer married to Richard Plantagenet Earl of Cambridge by whom she had Issue Richard Plantagenet Duke of York Earl of Cambridge March and Vlster Edward the IVth King of England and France and Lord of Ireland 1. Edward the Vth. King of England and France and Lord of Ireland murthered in the Tower left no Issue 2. Richard Plantagenet Duke of York murthered with his Brother King Edward left no Issue 3. Elizabeth eldest Daughter to Edward the IVth married to Henry the VIIth King of England and France and Lord of Ireland ELIZABETH eldest Daughter to King Edward the IVth by her Husband King Henry the VIIth had Issue 1. Arthur Prince of VVales died before his Father and left no Issue 2 Henry the VIIIth King of England France and Ireland Defender of the Faith 1. Edward the VIth King of England France and Ireladd died without Issue 2. Mary Q. of England France and Ireland died without Issue 3. Elizabeth Queen of England France and Ireland died without Issue 3. Margaret eldest Daughter to Henry the VIIth married to James the IVth King of Scotland by whom she had Issue James the Vth. King of Scotland Mary Queen of Scotland who was by her Subjects infected with Calvinism of which it is truly observed that it never entred into any Country but by Rebellion expelled her Kingdom and forced to fly for shelter into England where so implacable is Presbyterian Malice they never left persecuting her till they had brought her after eighteen years Imprisonment to end her dayes upon a Scaffold By her Husband Henry Lord Darnley Son to Mathew Stuart Earl of Lenox she had Issue James the VIth King of Scotland who after the Decease of Elizabeth Queen of England as next Heir enjoyed the Crown of this Realm whereof he was no sooner possest but he reassumed the Title of Great Britain 1. Henry Prince of Wales died before his Father and left no Issue 2. CHARLES the Ist King of Great Britain France and Ireland Defender of the Faith a Prince of incomparable Vertues and Endowments who was on the 30th of January 1648. barbarously and inhumanly murthered before the Gates of his own Royal Palace by a traitorous Crew of villanous Phanaticks so secure in their own Thoughts of having thereby extirpated Monarchy out of this Island that they insolently set up on the Royal Exchange in the place where his Statue which they maliciously decollated had been erected amongst those of his Predecessors this Inscription Exit Tyrannus Regum ultimus 1. CHARLES the IId by the Grace of God King of Great Britain France and Ireland Defender of the Faith now reigning Whō GOD long preserve 2. The Illustrious Prince James Duke of York and Albany 3. Mary Mother to the present Prince of Orange 4. Henrietta Mother to the present Queen of Spain 3. Elizaheth married to Frederick Prince Palatine of the Rhine by whom she had a numerous Issue CHAP. X. Of the present Government of Great Britain in general OF Monarchies some are Hereditary the Crown descending either only to the Heirs Male as has long been practiced in France or to the next of Blood without Distinction of Sex as in Great Britain and Spain Others are Elective where upon the Death of every Prince another is chosen to succeed without any respect to the Heirs of the Predecessor as is used in Poland Of Hereditary Monarchies some are dependent holden of earthly Potentates to whom the Princes are obliged to do Homage for the same as is the Kingdom of Naples holden at this day of the Pope by the King of Spain Others are independent whose Princes acknowledge no Superior upon Earth but hold only of GOD and by their Sword Of this latter sort is the Empire of Great Britain being an Hereditary Monarchy consisting of two Provinces or Kingdoms governed by one Supreme Absolute Independent Undeposable and Unaccountable Head according to the known Laws and Customs of each Kingdom It is a Free Monarchy challenging above many other Europaean Kingdoms an Exemption from all Subjection to the Emperor or Laws of the Empi to which as the Northern Part of the Island or Kingdom of Scotland was never subject so the Southern part since called the Kingdom of England being abandoned by the Romans who had by force obtained the Dominion thereof the Right of Government by all manner of Laws reverted to the ancient Inhabitants to the last of whose Kings viz. Cadwalladar our present Sovereign is as appears by the precedent Genealogy by Lineal and Legitimate Descent the true and unquestionable Heir And as it is exempt from all forreign Jurisdiction and Dominion so likewise is it free from all Interregnum and many other Domestick Mischiefs whereunto Elective Kingdoms are ordinarily subject It is a Monarchy wherein the Grace and Bounty of its Princes rendring the subordinate Concurrence of the three Estates necessary to the making and repealing of all Statutes or Acts of Parliament in either Realm have afforded so much to the Industry Liberty and Happiness of the Subject and made the Yoak of Government so easy and its Burden so light that were it not for those malevolent and Fanatical Spirits which by sowing Jealousies amongst the People and raising Animosities in their Minds against their Prince endeavor to deprive us of the benefit of our Parliaments by rendring their Meetings unpracticable our Condition might well be envied by all other Nations of the Universe CHAP. XI Of the Monarch of Great Britain and therein of his Name Title Arms Dominions and Strength Of his Person Office Prerogative Soveraignty Divinity and Respect TO the Monarch of Great Britain is given in English which is the Language most generally spoken through his whole Dominions the Name King which hath its Original from the Saxon Word Koning and intimateth that Power and Knowledge wherewith every Soveraign should especially be invested The Modern Title used by the Monarch in all Treaties with forreign Princes and in all publick Affairs relating to his whole Dominions and stamped upon his Coin is By the Grace of GOD King of Great Britain France and Ireland Defender of the Faith but in all Writs and other publick Instruments referring to the particular Concerns of either Kingdom of England or Scotland the two Kingdoms are distinctly named that Kingdom having the Precedency in such Instrument which is therein particularly concerned To the King alone belongs Dei Gratiâ taken simply and in the strictest sense as holding his Regal Dignity by the Favour of none but GOD the Archbishops and Bishops to whom that Title is also sometimes given must understand Dei Gratiâ Regis For tho their Character and
occasioned by the supine negligence of the Baker and his servants in whose house it began or by an Hellish combination of malicious Persons there having been executed the April before eight Fanatical Plotters who confest at Tyburn that they had so contrived that Fatal Scene that it could not miscarry their Prediction as to the Fire tho not as to the rest of their intended Tragedy proving true to a day he exposed his Person to a thousand Dangers to rescue it from Destruction breaking open Pipes and Conduits for Water reaching Buckets as nimbly as any of the common people clearing the Streets of the Crouds that hindred the people from carrying away their goods appointing his servants and Guards to conduct them to secure places and in fine for several nights and days with unwearied industry appearing in all parts giving necessary orders to prevent the farther spreading of the Conflagration In requital of which his never to be forgotten Pains and diligence for the suppressing of those Flames some ungrateful and audacious Villains have impudently dared to calumniate him as the Author of that dreadful Fire than which Hell it self cannot forge a falser or blacker Lye In the year 1672 he again in a second War against the Vnited Netherlands commanded the whole English Fleet behaving himself with such gallantry that notwithstanding the many notable disadvantages of wind and tide being at Anchor when set upon and the succeeding Mist he after a long and fierce encounter put the Dutch to flight though with exceeding great peril of his Life having in the heat or the engagement when Refitting would have lost the benefit of his Orders and Action changed Ships oftner than great Generals at Land have done their Horses Insomuch that De Ruiter himself acknowledged His Royal Highness to exceed all the Admirals in Christendom as much by His Bravery as by His Birth In the Year 1678. after the discovery of the Popish Plot some Sons of Belial that they might more freely vent their malice against the Royal Family impudently and falsly calumniated his Royal Highness not only as having publickly profest the Romish Religion which yet is so palpable an Untruth that it needs no Confutation but also though in direct contradiction to the depositions of Oates and Bedlow the chief discoverers the last whereof even at his death acquitted him as the Author of the Plot which yet he was so earnest to have sifted to the Bottom that as the Earl of Danby in his Printed Case tells us It had never been brought upon the Stage but for the Dukes Importunity Yet were these Surmises how ridiculous and groundless soever so cunningly by seditious Boutefeus insinuated into the belief of the giddy Multitude that his Majesty at whom these envenomed Arrows tho seemingly shot at his Brother were directly aimed thought it convenient Because he would not leave the most malicious men room to say he had not removed all Causes which could be pretended to influence him towards Popish Counsels and that he might thereby discern whether Protestant Religion and the Peace of the Kingdom were as truly aimed at by others as they were really intended by himself to deprive himself of the Conversation of his Royal Highness by commanding him to depart the Kingdom To which Command the Duke paying an entire submission and obedience on the third of March 1679. took leave of his Majesty and after a short visit to his Daughter the Princess of Orange in Holland retired with his Family to Bruxels in Flanders Thence his Royal Highness having about the latter end of August following received the unwelcome News that the King his Brother was seized with a fit of sickness hastned over to Windsor to visit him protesting that altho his Loyalty and Fraternal Affection had obliged him to perform this Duty he was ready upon his Majesties first Command not only to return into Flanders but to go to the farthest part of the Earth On the Seventeenth of September He came with His Majesty by the infinite mercy of Heaven recovered from His sickness to London and on the Twenty-eighth of the same Month departed again for Flanders whence returning about the middle of October He took his journey by order of the King on the first of November for Scotland where by his prudent Conduct being by His Majesty constituted High Commissioner of that Kingdom He quieted the dangerous Commotions raised therein by certain furious and factious Zealots and restored it to full peace and Tranquillity Coming into England about the latter end of March 1682 He was by His Majesty then at Newmarket received with the greatest Testimonies of affection imaginable Returning again about the middle of May by Sea towards Scotland to fetch thence his Dutches He was by the singular Providence of Almighty GOD delivered from eminent danger of drowning The Glocester a Third Rate Fregate whereon he was imbarkt by the negligence of the Pilot striking on the sands and sinking under Him His Plate and whatever else was abord being lost several Persons of Quality who accompanied him and of his Servants and Seamen about two hundred Persons whose unparalleld affection and generous Loyalty when there was no hope of safety for themselves with shouts of joy gave thanks to Heaven for the preservation of His Royal Highness being swallowed up by the Waves So sensible were all the Loyal Engglish of the great damage that would have befallen these Kingdoms by the loss of so Heroick a Prince that several parts of this Nation have in their Addresses to the King since the return of their Royal Highnesses not only congratulated the happy deliverance of his only Brother but have also humbly supplicated their Soveraign that he would no more permit him who is next after his sacred Majesty their chief hope and comfort to be separated from his Royal Presence His Royal Highness had for His first VVife ANN eldest Daughter to Edward Late Earl of Clarendon and Lord High Chancellor of England She Dyed at St. Jameses on the one and Thiriteth of April 1671. having made him Father of a numerous Issue whereof are living 1. MARY Born the Thirtieth of April 1662 whose God-Father was Prince Rupert and God-Mothers the Dutchesses of Buckingham and Ormond On the fourth of November 1677. She was by Dr. Henry Compton Bishop of London and Brother to James late Earl of Northampton married to William of Nassaw Prince of Orange 2. ANNE born in February 1664 whose God-Father was Dr. Gilbert Sheldon late Lord Arch-Bishop of Canterbury her God-Mothers being her Sister the young Lady Mary and the Dutches of Monmouth In November 1673 His Royal Highness was by Dr. Nathanael Crew Bishop of Durham and Son to John Lord Crew secondly married to JOSEPHA-MARIA d'Este Daughter of Alphonso the IIId late and Sister to Francis present Duke of Modena her Mother being Laura Martinozza the present Dutchess Dowager By her he hath had several Children of which is living one only Daughter named CHARLOTTA
Pieces some of which had a figure of a Shield embost and on that side a certain Image the Device being within which kind of Coin was in use in no other part of the World except in some places belonging to Greece Buildings The Buildings of the Sea-coast Britains were many and like to those of the old Gauls The Inlanders had no Houses but certain cumbersome Woods stood them instead of Cities and Towns for when they had by felling of Trees encompast a spacious round plat oâ— Ground and fortified it with Rampires and Ditches they built there for themselves Huts and Cottages and for their Cattel set up Stalls and Folds making thither their Retreat and Resort to eschew the Invasions of their Enemies Arms. The Britains being as we have observed a People very swift of foot never burdened themselves with an Armor which they could not a their pleasure fling off Their Defensive Arms were only Shields for Offensive Weapons they had short Spears at the lower end of which was fastneâ— a round Bell of Brass which at thâ— beginning of a fight they shook with great Courage conceiting that such a ratling Noise did dismay the Enemy They had also Daggers and Swords which those who went naked girt about their Bodies with Iron Chains The different Interests of the many petty Princes Manner of Fighting amongst whom this Island was divided keeping them in continual Wars the Britains must of necessity be well-experienced Souldiers But their Manner of fighting was so peculiar to themselves that Caesar related it for a Wonder in the Western Parts They fought in a Body called Caterva or Caturfa as the Romans had their Legion and the Macedonians their Phalanx Their usual manner of fighting was in Chariots of which they had several sorts the most remarkable whereof were the Covinus and the Essedum The Covinus was a sort of Chariot carrying no men at all but only him that guided it It was exceedingly well harnassed and armed having at both Ends of the Axletrees Hooks and and Scyths fastned so that driving furiously into the Enemies Battel they made whole Lanes of slaughtered men the Scyths cutting off those in the middle who did not speedily make way and the Hooks catching up those that had escaped the Scyths The Essedum carried many persons who as the Charioteer rode through all the parts of the Battle bestowed their Darts which with the terrible appearance of the Horses and the ratling Noise of the Wheels usually brake the Ranks of their Enemies When they had wound themselves in amongst their Enemies they leapt out of their Chariots and fought on foot the Charioteers in the mean time driving out of the Battle and drawing up their Chariots whither they retired when over-powered by the Enemy In the managing their Chariot-Horses daily Practice had rendred them so expert that driving forcibly down a steep Hill they could stop and turn short in the midst of their Career run upon the Beam stand upon the Harness and skip presently back into their Chariots The Horses used by the Britains in their Chariots were small and swift their Harness was not only substantial but also curiously wrought engraven as may be gathered from these Words of Propertius Esseda caelatis siste Britanna jugis The Britains began their day at Sun-set Computation of Time which Custom they are supposed to have learnt from the Phaenicians who as all other Eastern Nations used the same manner of Computation which they received from the Jews who were taught by Moses that the Evening and the Morning were the first Day Thus what the Romans called Septimana is in the British Tongue to this day called With-nos and in English a Sennight the Abbreviation of Seven Nights From the same Original also was their Observation of the New Moon in whose first Quarter they began not only their Months and New Years but their several Ages likewise which were comprehended in a Cycle of thirty Years CHAP. IV. Of Government of Monarchy its Original and Excellency Britain alwayes governed by Monarchs Government OF Government there neither are nor can be more than three Species For the Soveraign Command of a State must either reside in one which is Monarchy or in some principal persons which is Aristocracy or in the whole Body of the People which is Democracy Monarchy Of these the best and only perfect not to say only lawful kind of Government is the Monarchical not only as having the nearest Resemblance of the Divinity but as being the first and only Natural Government of Mankind and under which the Subject has ever found the greatest Happiness and suffered â—he fewest Inconveniences Original The Original and first Institution of this most excellent Government was from GOD himself who having created Adam commanded him to multiply and replenish the Earth and subdue it and to have Dominion over all Creatures constituting him thereby Monarch of the Universe The Posterity of Adam had no Right to possess any thing but by Grant or Permission from him or Succession to him who when his Children grew up and came to have Children of their own over whom they also had a Command and Power assigned them their distinct Territories by Right of private Dominion yet still with Subordination to himself who was Lord-paramount over his Childrens Children to all Generations Absurd therefore is the Fancy of those who imagin an independent Multitude having a natural Right to Community A thing which never had any Being but in the Chimaerical Brains of the Assertors An Opinion this is which cannot be maintained without the great Scandal of Christianity and opening a Door to Atheisme by denying the Creation of Adam Adam then was Father King and Lord over his Family a Son a Subject a Servant a Slave were then one and the same thing Nor was he tied to govern by any Laws but that which was by his Creator implanted in his Breast called therefore the Law of Nature which if he transgressed he as all succeeding Monarchs was accountable to GOD alone from whom he received it From Adam this Right of Soveraignty was to descend to his eldest Son to whom GOD himself even in his Fathers Life-time speaking of his younger Brother said Vnto thee shall his Desires be subject and thou shalt rule over him This was the Foundation of Government before the Universal Deluge which washing away all the rest of Mankind from the face of the Earth left this Universal Soveraignty to Noah who with his Wife his Sons and their Wives only remained alive By Noah was the whole World divided amongst his three Sons From one of which their Sons or Nephews scattered abroad after the Confusion of Babel do most of the civilest Nations of the Earth labour to deduce their Original The Posterity of Noah to secure themselves as they thought from being destroyed by another Flood went about to erect a Tower the Top whereof they intended should
reach up to Heaven But to shew how vain all humane Designments are which think to contest with the Dispensations of Divine Providence the Almighty sent amongst them a Confusion of Tongues and dispersed those who were congregated into one place over the Face of the whole Earth By this Dispersion there were according to the generally-received Opinion seventy two distinct Nations erected all which were not confused Multitudes left at Liberty to choose what Governors or Government they listed but so careful was GOD even in that Confusion to preserve the Paternal and Monarchical Authority that he distributed the Diversity of Languages according to the Diversity of Families having Fathers for Rulers over them This appears plainly in the sacred Text where after the Enumeration of the Sons and Grandsons of Japheth immediately follow these Words By these were the Isles of the Gentiles divided in their Lands every one after his Tongue after their Families in their Nations So again of the Children of Ham it is said These are the Sons of Ham after their Families after their Tongues in their Countreys and in their Nations And again of the Children of Shem These are the Sons of Shem after their Families after their Tongues in their Lands after their Nations The Conclusion of the whole being thus These are the Families of the Sons of Noah after their Generations in their Nations and by these were the Nations divided in the Earth after the Flood However therefore the Manner used by Noah in the Distribution of the Earth amongst his Posterity be uncertain yet most certain it is that the Division it self was by Families from Noah and his Children over which the Fathers were Rulers enjoying as absolute an Authority and Dominion as ever any Monarch since the Creation pretended to Agreeably to this Account of the Original of Monarchy delivered in in holy Scripture doth Plato in his third Book of Laws affirm that the true and first Reason of Authority is that the Father and Mother and simply those that beget and ingender do command and rule over all their Children Groundless therefore is that Distinction which some men make of Monarchy into Despotical and Paternal since no Master has Right to exact a more absolute and unlimited Obedience from his Slave than is due from the Child to the Father Of the Absoluteness of this Paternal Jurisdiction Examples are frequent in Holy Writ Thus we find that Abraham commanded an Army of three hundred and eighteen Souldiers of his own Family and that Esau met his Brother Jacob with four hundred Men at Arms. Thus Abraham concluded a Peace with Abimelech and ratified the Articles by Oath Thus Judah sentenced Thamar his Daughter-in-Law to be burnt for playing the Harlot Which three Acts of making War concluding Peace and giving Judgment of Life or Death are the chief marks of Soveraignty that can be found in any Monarch As the Original therefore of Monarchy was of Divine Institution so its Power was uncontrollable nor can it be otherwise without the Destruction of the Government it self Rightly then whatever Milton in his Justification of the blackest Treason that ever Eye beheld sayes to the contrary is a King defined by Salmasius He who has the Supreme Power in the Kingdom accountable to none but GOD who may do what he pleases and is free from the Laws Ridiculous then if not Malicious are the clamors of those who daily fill the World with Outcries against Arbitrary Power For there never was nor ever can be any People governed without a Power of Legislation which Power must of necessity be Arbitrary and is an inseparable Concomitant of the Supreme Governor or Governors and must therefore in a Monarchy reside in one The Question then is not whether there shall be an Arbitrary Power without which not any Government can one Moment subsist but who shall have this Arbitrary Power whether one man or many that is in effect whether the Government shall be Monarchical or not Nay it has been seen that those very Persons who clamored so much and with so little reason against an Arbitrary Power in their Prince have themselves exercised the Height of Arbitrary Power over their fellow Subjects punishing them by Imprisonment and other Penalties not for the Breach of any known and certain Laws but of unknown and uncertain Priviledges and ascending to that Excess of Insolence as even against all Law Reason and Equity to declare it Criminal for any one to lend Money to his King It is an antient Tradition which has every where obtained Reputation that Noah as Lord of all was Author of the Distribution of the World and of private Dominion and that by the appointment of GOD himself he confirmed this Distribution by his last Will and Testament left at his Death in the Hands of his Eldest Son Shem by which he warned all his Sons that none of them should invade any of their Brothers Dominions because Discord and Civil War would thence necessarily follow Thus we find that in all Nations the Princes were at first Lords of the whole Lands as well as of the whole Inhabitants amongst whom they divided such part thereof to be held by such Tenures and Services as they judged most convenient Instead then of Empires being founded in Property as some men love to speak the Natural dominion of the Prince was the Original of all Propriety Monarchs at first governed by no stated Rule or Law but by immediate Edicts or commands of their own Wills as they in their own Judgments thought fit But when Kings came to be so busied with Wars and distracted with publick Cares that private persons could not have access to them to learn their Pleasure upon every occasion then did they both for the Ease of themselves and their people set down Laws by which they would ordinarily govern reserving to themselves nevertheless Liberty to vary from them as oft as they in their Discretion should think fit Afterwards Princes graciously condescended to call to their Councels several of the Chief men of their Kingdoms and in time to admit likewise of Deputies from their People without whose Advice and Consent they would neither make new nor abrogate old Laws Thus all those Rights and Priviledges which licentious people make their pretence of contesting with their Soveraigns had no other Original but the Gracious Concessions of Princes which tho they are so far bound to keep as that when in a setled Kingdom the Prince leaves to govern according to Law he is guilty of very great Injustice yet where he sees the Laws rigorous or doubtful he may to the Peoples great Happiness lest otherwise Summum jus should prove Summa injuria mitigate and interpret them And whenever any powerful Faction shall by making ill use of the Grace and Bounty of the Prince endanger the Subversion of his Government the Safety of the People whom GOD has committed to his Care being the Law-paramount over all others obliges him
that the Prince of Peace our ever-blessed Lord and Saviour JESUS CHRIST the only eternal Son of GOD was miraculously born of a pure Virgin in Bethlehem the City of David This our glorious Redeemer having for the space of three and thirty years led a Life no less poor and painful than holy and exemplary offered himself upon a Cross to his eternal Father for to expiate the Sins of Mankind in the eighteenth year of the Emperour Tiberius who having received an Account of the Death of this Saint of Saints as also of his great Vertue and stupendious Miracles from Pilat then Governor of Judea published it in the Senat by whom he would have had CHRIST admitted into the number of the Roman Gods but they displeased that Pilat wrote only to the Emperour and not to them would by no means consent thereunto The Emperour however forbidding upon pain of Death all persons to persecute the Disciples of JESUS Christianity brought into Britain the glorious Gospel preacht by his Apostles upon whom the better to enable them thereunto he had fifty dayes after his Resurrection conferred the Gift of speaking unknown Languages by the Descending of the Holy Ghost did even in the Dayes of this same Tiberius so far extend it self as to spread its bright Beams upon this remote and frozen Island of Britain St. James In the Year of CHRIST 41. being the third of Caligula the holy Apostle St. James returning out of Spain visited amongst other Countreys this our Island and here preached the Gospel the effects whereof were so prevalent that many stiff-necked Britains submitted themselves to the easy Yoke of our Redeemer Amongst these there is recorded one Suetonius born of noble Parentage who being converted to the Christian Faith here in Britain undertook a Voyage to Rome that he might be more perfectly instructed by St. Peter by whom being baptized and named Beatus he was after sufficient Instruction employed in the Apostolical Office of teaching others and became the first Planter of Christianity amongst the Helvetians St. Peter The great hope of happy Success is supposed chiefly to have induced St. Peter when the Jews were banished Rome by the Fmperor Claudius in whose second year he came thither to repair into Britain where he continued a long time converting several Nations and erecting many Churches till warned by Angels after he had constituted and ordained Bishops Priests and Deacons he returned to Rome and was there soon after crowned with Martyrdom A tedious impatience to see the horrible Actions of Nero forced St. Paul also to quit Rome St. Paul and disperse the precious Seed of the Gospel even as far as Britain This is expresly testified by Venantius Fortunatus who in his Poem upon the Life of St. Martin speaking of St. Paul saith Transit Oceanum vel quâ facit Insula Portum Quasque Britannus habet Terras atque ultima Thule With St. Peter or St. Paul St. Aristobulus one of whose Disciples he was is St. Aristobulus supposed to have come into Britain where being made a Bishop he preached the Gospel of CHRIST and having constituted Churches and Ordained Priests and Deacons here happily ended his Life St. Joseph of Arimathea About the latter End of Nero's Reign and before the blessed Apostles St. Peter and St. Paul were consummated by a glorious Martyrdom Suetonius Paulinus being Roman Lieutenant in Britain St. Joseph of Arimathea sent hither as some say by St. Peter or as others by St. Philip the Apostle with eleven Companions entring into this Island addressed himself to the British King Arviragus who not only gave them permission freely to convert his Subjects but extended also his Liberality to them affording them a place of Retreat in an Island called at that time Avalon or the Isle of Apples afterwards by the Britains Iniswytrin or the Glassy Island by the Saxons in the same sense Glastney and by the Latins Glasconia Here the Holy Men made it their first Work to build for the Worship of the only true GOD a Temple or Church which they dedicated to the Memory of the Holy Mother of GOD and perpetual Virgin Mary the Walls whereof were on all sides made of Rods watled or interwoven In this the Fervor and Piety of our primitive Christians was so great that it was deservedly called the Mother of Saints The Memory of this Building was preserved by an Inscription cut in Brass and heretofore fastned to a Pillar in Glastenbury Church which being rehearsed by Bishop Godwyn Sir Henry Spelman caused to be entirely transcribed and put into his Collection of British and English Councels To this their Solitude did St. Joseph and his Companions frequently repair both to repose themseves after their Labors and by undistracted Prayers to renew their Courage and Patience in their Apostolical Employment laying thus the Foundation and giving Example both of Active and Contemplative Life Here did St. Joseph after neer twenty years painful Labors change this mortal Life for an immortal one in the Year of our Lord 82. With him are said to have been buried two Silver Vessels which he had brought along with him filled with the precious Blood of our Saviour JESUS CHRIST The Faith thus planted by these Holy Apostles daily here encreasing the British Christians are said in the Year of our Lord 100. to have sent an Ambassadour to St. Clement then Bishop of Rome desiring him to communicate to them the Rites and Order of celebrating Divine Service About the latter end of Trajans Reign the Roman Bishop St. Evaristus sending a Message to the Britains exhorted them to the Christian Faith The verities whereof the better to propagate his Successor St. Alexander sent hither certain Apostolical Preachers amongst whom are thought to have been St. Marcellus afterwards Bishop of Triers and St. Timotheus Son of Pudens a Roman Senator and Brother to the Holy Virgins St. Praxedes and St. Pudentiana whose Mother is by many supposed to have been the Famous British Lady St. Claudia These gathered into a Flock the Remainders of those who had been converted by St. Joseph of Arimathea and his Companions confirming them in the same Faith which thus watered spread so far that Anno Domini 141. there are said to have been Baptized in Granta since called Cambridge nine Doctors and Scholars About the Year of the Lord 181. the British King Lucius Conversion of King Lucius who had hitherto been kept by its Poverty and want of Worldly Splendor from embracing the Christian Religion to a Liking whereof an Account of the constant Perseverance of the Christians at Rome amidst their great and horrible Persecutions had induced him being now by the Emperors Lieutenants Pertinax and Trebellius informed of the Favor shewn to the Professors of Christianity by the Emperor Marcus Aurelius who having obtained a famous Victory by the Christians Prayers set forth an Edict in their behalf as also of the Increase of their Number
of Authority adventured himself to the River Tyber where he was drowned Soon after Constantin met Licinius at Milan to whom giving his Sister Constantia for Wife he prevailed with him not only to subscribe to an Edict for giving free Liberty to Christians and restoring to them all their Churches that had been seised on but also to joyn with him in a Letter to Maximinus Emperor of the Eastern Provinces to grant the same Freedom within his Dominions to which Maximinus tho with some unwillingness consented In the Year 314. Constantin then residing in Gaul was much distracted by the Factions of Schismaticks amongst the Christians For the repressing therefore of the Seditions raised by the Donatists he was necessitated to command a General Assembly or Synod of the Western Empire to meet at Arles where there were present above two hundred Bishops amongst whom were these three from Britain Eborius Bishop of York Restitutus Bishop of London and Adelfius Bishop of Colonia Londinensium or Colchester which some affirming Colon Londinens to have been mistakingly written by the Transcribers for Colon Camalodun interpret Maldon in Essex In the Year 317. Licinius contrary to his Covenant with Constantin beginning to presecute the Christians was by him in two Battles overthrown After which tho there was a new League made and all the Eastern Provinces together with Thrace assigned to Licinius yet he renewing the War was slain the next year and a firm Peace given to the Christian Churches all the World over Now began Constantin to publish Laws for the advantage of Christianity ordaining that Clergymen should be excused from all manner of Civil Offices and Duties to the end they might not by the envious Malice of any be withdrawn from the Service of GOD. For to encourage likewise the Love of Virginity and Single Life he abrogated the Roman Laws against Celibacy and appointed a certain Measure of Wheat yearly to be given to all Widows and those who observed a Virgin Life He ordained also that all Judges Inhabitants of Cities and Tradesmen should rest on the Venerable Day of our Lord but Countrymen were permitted to employ themselves in cultivating their Grounds because that many times no Day being more commodious for plowing or digging the Vines a common Good granted by Divine Povidence ought not to be lost He prescribed likewise a Form of Prayer to be used upon all Sundayes both by Citizens and others In the Year of our Lord 324. Constantin who according to a Custom frequently practiced by the Christian Converts of those primitive Times had hitherto delayed his Baptism to cleanse his Conscience stained with the Blood of many Innocents amongst whom was his own Son Crispus put to Death upon the false Accusations of his Stepmother Fausta was washt in the Laver of Regeneration being Baptized at Rome by the Holy Bishop Sylvester and while he was yet in his white Robes then usually worn for seven Dayes after Baptism made several Laws for the advancement of true Religion 1. He declared that CHRIST was the only true Lord and commanded that he should be adored throughout the whole Empire 2. He appointed severe Punishments to be inflicted on those who by word or deed should dishonor him 3. He ordained likewise Penalties for those who should persecute or molest any Christians He gave also Imperial Priviledges to the Roman and great Immunities to all other Churches and conferred many Gifts upon several Ecclesiastical Persons The year following to suppress the Heresy of Arius he caused a Council to be assembled at Nice of three hundred and eighteen Bishops where a Decree was likewise made for an Uniformity in the Observation of Easter about which the Church had been much disquieted Hereunto agreed those of the Church 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 In the Year 326. died St. Helena Mother to the Emperor who with great Care and Industry having found out the Cross whereon our Blessed Saviour suffered and the Manger wherein he was born built in the same place a Church dedicated to Christian Devotion for which she was by the Jews Enemies to all that own any thing sacred in Memory of our Saviour despitefully called Stabularia About the same time Constantin returning into the East exprest his Zeal against Idolatry shutting up the Temples of the Heathens and making severe Laws against their Sacrifices CHAP. VIII Of the quitting of Britain by the Romans The State thereof after their departure IN this Island did the Roman Government continue till the time of the Emperor Honorius Britain quitted by the Romans in the fifteenth year of whose Reign being the Yeer of our Lord 410. and four hundred sixty and two yeers after the first Arrival of Julius Caesar on the British shore the Britains the Flower of whose Youth had been from time to time drawn out by the Romans whose Forces also were now called from hence for the defence of Italy against the Goths not having Power sufficient to defend themselves from the Incursions of their Northern Enemies sent their Messengers to the Emperor humbly craving his Protection But he not able to afford them any Assistance Rome it self being then besieged by Alaric by whom it was the same year taken sent them Letters exhorting them to stand on their own Guard and acquitting them of the Roman Jurisdiction State thereof after their Departure The Romans thus relinquishing all Care and Protection of Britain the Government devolved on its own petty Princes who independently ruled the several Provinces thereof But they unable to support themselves against the daily Inroads of the Picts and Scots again sent Letters to Honorius who compassionating their Miseries the Fear of Alaric being now over sent a Legion to their Assistance who having with great Slaughter driven back the Picts beyond the Marches and cleared the Frontiers caused a Rampire to be built cross the Island from the Frith of Edenborough to the City Alcluith on Dunbritton as Agricola formerly had done No sooner were the Romans departed to the defence of France but the Picts breaking down this Wall slightly cast up of Turfs only and pouring into the Province like a Torrent laid all waste whereever they came the Scots likewise out of their Carroghs or Leather vessels wherein they used to pass the Scitick Vale landing in whole Swarms and making havock of whatever came in their way The Britains thus bandied between two merciless and insolent Enemies yet once more sent Ambassadors to Rome who with rent Garments and Sand on their Heads mournfully supplicating Valentinian the third then Emperor that he would not suffer a Province which had been so serviceable to the Romans to be the Subject of Barbarian Scorn and Insolence excited in him such Pity of their Complaints that to succor them he sent certain Regiments who coming unexpectedly upon those ravenous Spoilers surprised them with terrible Slaughter The Britains thus rescued and the Province cleared of the Enemies the Romans gave them their help to build
perhaps against his Consent chose themselves a Leader against their Enemies as it was not justifiable nor yet approved by all the Britains many of which took not well this advancing of the Son against the good Liking of the Father so was it fatal to Vortimer himself who having six years enjoyed this Dignity lost both that and his Life being poysoned by the Procurement of Rowena After his Death Ambrosius returned again into Britain in France Hengist and his Saxons who under Pretence of a Treaty of Peace had slain three hundred of the British Nobility and by detaining Vortigern Prisoner had extorted from him the Counties of Essex Sussex Surrey Norfolk and Suffolk for his Ransom growing daily more and more powerful whilst Vortigern lurkt ingloriously in his Castle Generâ— amidst the inaccessible Mountains of the Countrey now called Cambria or Wales and the middle Provinces of the Realm left without any Defender being exposed to the fury of the Enemy the Britains deserted by their King were forced to seek one abroad They directed therefore Messengers into Little Britain to Ambrosius and his Brother Vter Pendragon beseeching them with all speed to quit that Country and repair into their own to the end that expelling both the Saxons and their hated King Vortigern they might receive the Crown of Britain The Princes upon this Invitation returned attended with Ships and armed Souldiers and being arrived here had a great Battel with Hengist wherein tho the Britains were worsted yet the Saxons received such Loss that they both gladly continued quiet The Fury of the Saxons thus allayed Ambrosius marched into Wales where setting fire to the Castle of King Vortigern he consumed both him and his to Ashes After whose Death by Consent of the Nobles he assumed the Crown Anno CHRISTI 481. In the Year of our Lord 496. Pascentius the Son of Vortigern with an Army of Germans came against Ambrosius by whom being discomfited he fled into Scotland Whence about five years after returning with an Army and understanding that Ambrosius lay sick he hired a certain Saxon named Copa who feigning himself to be a British Monk and a Physician poysoned the King Pascentius in the mean time and all his Captaines being slain by Vter Pendragon who in the head of the Kings Forces marched out against him The Line of Vortigern being thus extinct and Ambrosius now dead the Realm was without any Competitor governed by Vter Pendragon under whom and his Successors the Britains had continual Struglings with the Saxons by whom being at last outed of the best part of their Country they retired beyond the River Severn and in those parts fortified themselves a Period being put to the British Kingdom in the Year of our Lord 688. about two hundred seventy eight years after that Honorius had by Letters of Discharge quitted the Britains of the Roman Jurisdiction two hundred and fifty from the Reestablishing of the British Monarchy by the Election of King Vortigern two hundred thirty nine after the first Arrival of Hengist and his Saxon Auxiliaries and in the third Year of Cadwalladar who was the last that was dignified with the Title of King of Britain his Successors being stiled Kings and Princes of Wales CHAP. IX Of the Restauration of the British Monarchy by King James His Descent from Cadwalladar The British Monarchy restored by King James THe conquering Saxons having possest themselves of all the Southern parts of the Isle except what lies beyond the Severn and the mountainous Countrey of Cornwall whither they had forced the Britains to retire gave to the Countrey held by themselves first the Name of East Saxony beyond Sea and afterwards that of England That Part of the Island which was still enjoyed by the Britains they called Wales the Inhabitants Walsh or Welsh-men and their chief Governours Kings and Princes of Wales Hereby was the Name of Britain banished as it were the Island for above nine hundred years till such time as the Line of Henry the VIII th whose three Children Reigning successively died Issueless being extinct the Crown of England by indubitable Hereditary Right fell to James the VI th King of Scotland whose Great Grandmother was Margaret eldest Daughter to Henry the VII th King of England This famous Monarch as is manifest by his Genealogy hereunto annext lineally descending from Cadwalladar the last King of the Britains not only restored the British Line to the Throne but the Name of Britain also to the Island causing himself immediately upon his Coming to this Crown to be stiled King of Great Britain The KINGS And Princes of WALES Descent of King James fom Cadwalladar from whom is Lineally descended the Royal Family of the STVARTS now actually swaying the Scepter of GREAT BRITAIN CADWALLADAR King of Britain driven by the Saxons to forsake his Native Country sojourned with his Kinsman Alan King of Little Britain in France whence designing again for Britain he was by an Angel admonished in a Vision to go to Rome where he ended his dayes Anno Domini 688. With him died the British Monarchy Edwal Ywrch left by his Father at his Departure for Rome in Little Britain with his Cosen Alan who sent his Son Ivor with a Navy into Britain where he was the first King of Wales 1. Roderick Molwynoc who in the Year 720. succeeded his Cosen Ivor the Son of Alan in the Kingdom of Wales 2. Fermael who died without Issue in the Year 763. RODERICK MOLWYNOC King of Wales had Issue 1. Conan Tindaethwy King of Wales Esylht Queen of Wales married to a Nobleman named Mervyn Vrych descended in the right Line from Belinus Brother of Brennus King of Britain His Mother was Nest Daughter to Cadelh Prince of Powys whose Father was Brochwel Yscithroc Prince of Powys that in the Year 617. fought against the Saxons at Bangor 1. Roderick Mawr King of Wales who by his Wife Engharad Daughter to Meyrick Prince of Cardigan had a numerous Issue He divided Wales into three Talaiths or Kingdoms Giving to Anarawd his Eldest Son to whom the other two were Tributaries Gwyneth or Northwales to Cadelh his second Son Dehevbarth or Southwales to Mervyn his third Son Mathraval or Powys 1. Anarawd King of Northwales and Soveraign of all Wales died in the year 913. leaving behind him two Sons 1. Edwal Voel King of Northwales and Sovereign of all Wales who had a numerous Issue 2. Elise slain with his Brother King Edwal Voel in the year 940. Conan who died without Issue Trawst a Daughter married to a Nobleman named Sitsylht 2. Cadelh King of Southwales and after the Death of his Brother Mervyn of Powys from whom descended the Kings and Princes of Southwales 3. Mervyn King of Powys who being slain in the year 900. was succeeded by his Brother Cadelh King of Southwales 2. Gwyriad who together with his Brother King Roderick was slain in the Year 877. 2. Howel who rebeling against his Brother was by him overcome
MARIA born the fifteenth of August 1682. and Baptized the day following by Dr. Henry Compton Lord Bishop of London her Godfather being the Duke of Ormond and her Godmothers the Countesses of Arundel and Clarendon Though the ambitious and designing Adversaries of His Royal Highness imploy their utmost Artifice to cloud and conceal from the eyes of the People his many admirable endowments and Princely qualities yet cannot they with any color of Truth deny him to be a most Glorious and Honourable Prince not only of a most high Spirit and invincible Courage but also a Commander of great experience both at Land and Sea where he has not only several times exposed his Life for the safety and honour of this Nation but also where-ever he appeared carried victory along with him which in his absence was not found He is of a quick apprehension and sound judgment sedulous and diligent in Business wary in Counsel speedy in execution and in his resolutions constant and inflexible He is a kind Brother a dutiful Subject an obliging Husband a tender Father a firm Friend and an excellent Master In his Word and Promises strictly Faithful and in payment of his Debts punctually just He is brave and generous liberal but not profuse manages his own fortune discreetly and yet keeps the best Court and Equipage of any Subject in Christendom He is affable and courteous to all and however the inveterate malice of his restless and factious Enemies may have possessd some credulous Persons to the contrary of no persecuting or vindicative Spirit nor hath any thing in his whole Conduct to be excepted against much less dreaded He is in a word what the French call un honneste homme A Person endowed with all the good Qualities that make a man truly valuable and seems born to retrieve the sinking glory of the English Nation Of the Prince of Orange AFter the Duke of York his Issue the next Heir to the Crown of Great Britain is William Frederick Henry of Nassaw Prince of Orange and Stadtholder of the united Provinces only Issue of the Princess Royal Mary Eldest Daughter of our late martyred Soveraign King Charles the I st and Wedded on the second of May 1641. to William of Nassaw only Son of Henry Prince of Orange then Commander in chief of all the Forces of the States General both by Land and Sea He was born at the Hague on the fourteenth of November 1650 being nine days after his Fathers decease He had for his Godfathers the Lords States General of Holland Zealand and the Cities of Delft Leyden and Amsterdam and for Godmothers the Queen of Bohemia and the old Princess of Orange His Governess was the English Lady Stanhope then Wife to the Heer Van Hemvliet Being eight years of Age he was sent to the University at Leyden On the fourth of November 1677. being then near Seven and Twenty years of Age he espoused the Lady Mary eldest Daughter to His Royal Highness James Duke of York His Revenue is about threescore Thousand Pounds Sterling per Annum besides Military advantages enjoyed by his Father and Ancestors amounting to about thirty thousand Pounds Sterling per Annum more He is a Prince of great valour and courage in whom the High and Princely Qualities of his Ancestors have always appeared and a great Lover of Souldiers Of the Queen of Spain THe next Heir after the forementioned to the Imperial Crown of Great Britain is Her most Serene Majesty the present Queen Consort of Spain Daughter of the Princess Henrietta youngest Sister to His present Sacred Majesty of Great Britain by the most illustrous Prince Philip now Duke of Orleans only Brother to the most Christian King Lewis the XIVth now reigning She was born in the year 1663. and was in December 1679 Married to Charles the IId King of Spain Of the Prince Elector Palatine THere being left alive no more of the Off-spring of King Charles the I st the next Heirs to the Imperial Crown of these Realms are the Issue and Descendents of Elizabeth late Queen of Bohemia only Sister to the said King who was on the fourteenth of February 1612 married to Frederick the Vth. Prince Elector Palatine of the Rhine afterwards stiled King of Bohemia Of these the first is Charles the present Prince Elector Palatine of the Rhine commonly called the Palsgrave from the High-Dutch Psaltzgraffe Palatii Comes Grandson to the said Queen by her eldest Son Charles Lodowick Prince Elector Palatine of the Rhine lately deceased His Mother was the Lady Charlotte Daughter to William the Vth. Landgrave of Hesse and to Elizabeth Emilia of Hanaw He was born on the one and thirtieth of March 1651. and has lately married the Sister of Christiern the Vth. present King of Denmark This Prince hath a Sister named Louise born in May 1652 and now married to the Duke of Orleans only Brother to the present French King Of Prince Rupert NExt unto the Prince Elector Palatine and his Sister is the illustrious Prince Rupert Duke of Bavaria and Cumberland Count Palatine of the Rhine Earl of Holderness and Knight of the most noble Order of the Garter born at Prague on the seventeenth of December 1619 not long before that very unfortunate Battel there fought whereby not only all Bohemia was lost but the Palatine Family was for almost thirty years outed of all their possessions in Germany till that in the year 1648 by the Famous Treaty at Munster Charles Lodowick eldest Brother to this Prince had the Lower Palatinate restored to him for which he was constrained to quit all his right to the Vpper Palatinate and to accept of an eighth Electorship at a juncture of time when his Uncle Charles the I st King of Great Britain had he not been embroiled at home by an horrid Rebellion had been the most considerable of all other at this Treaty and the Prince Elector his Nephew would have had the greatest advantages there Prince Rupert at the age of thirteen years marched with the then Prince of Orange to the Siege of Rhineberg At the Age of eighteen he commanded a Regiment of Horse in the German Wars and being at the Battel of Lemgou in the year 1638 taken by the Imperialists under the command of Count Hatzfield he continued a Prisoner above three years About the beginning of September 1642 he came into England with his Brother Prince Maurice to offer his service to the King his Uncle against a factious Party of the two Houses then rebelling against him and being within a fortnight after his arrival put in command over a small Party of those Forces which the King had at that time gathered together marched with them into divers parts of Warwickshire Nottinghamshire Leicestershire Worcestershire and Cheshire his Forces still increasing as he marched Being about the middle of October following made General of the Horse to the King he soon after fought and defeated Colonel Sandys neer Worcester on the