Cornwall At the Sinode of Arles in Fraunce there was present one Corinius sonne to Salomon Duke of Cornwall After the abouenamed Octauius his decease Maximianus a Romane who maried his daughter succeeded him also in gouernment betweene whome and the foreremembred Conan grew great warres which concluding at last in a peace Maxim passed with an armie into Fraunce conquered there Armorica naming it little Brittaine and gaue the same in fee to Conan who being once peaceably setled wrote ouer vnto Dionethus or Dionotus Duke or King of Cornwall as Mathew of West termeth him to send him some Maidens whom he might couple in mariage with his people whereon S. Vrsula her companions the 11000. virgins were shipped miscaried as their welknown history reporteth Nicholas Gille a French writer deliuereth vpon the credit of our British Historians that about this time Meroueus a Paynim king of Fraunce caused his owne sonne to be throwne into the fire and burned for that he had slayne the king of Cornwall as he returned from a feast Hee also maketh mention of one Moigne brother to Aurelius and Vter-pendragon Duke of Cornwall gouerner of the Realme vnder the Emperour Honorius Caredoc Duke of Cornwall was employed sayth D. Kay by Octauius about founding the Vniuerfitie of Cambridge And vpon Igerna wife to Gorlois Duke of Cornwall Vter begat the worthy Arthur and a daughter called Amy. This Arthur discomfited in fight one Childerick a king of the Saxons and afterwards vpon certaine couenants suffred him quietly to depart the Realme But Childerick violating the word of a king bound with the solemnity of an othe inuaded estsoones the Westerne coasts harrowing the Country as he passed vntil Cador Earle of Cornwall became Gods Minister to take vengeance of his periury by reauing off his life That Marke swayed the Cornish septer you cannot make question vnlesse you will withall shake the irrefragable authoritie of the round tables Romants Blederic Duke of Cornwall associated with other Welsh kings darrayned a battell against Ethelferd king of the Northumbers by the valiant forgoing of his life got his partners the victory Iuor sonne to Alane king of little Brittaine first wan from the Saxons Cornwall Deuon and Somerset shires by force of armes and then taking to wife Ethelburg cousin to Kentwin king of Westsex enioyed the same by composition Roderit king of the Bretons in Wales and Cornwall vnder whom Bletius was Prince of this last and of Deuon valiantly repulsed Adelred king of Westsex what time he assayled him in Cornwall yet in the end being ouer-matched in number and tired with continuall onsets he was driuen to quit the same and retire himselfe into Wales Polidor Virgill maketh mention of one Reginaldus Comes Britannorum in the time of king Etheldred Dungarth king of Corn by mischance was drowned Alpsius is recorded about this time for Duke of Deuon and Cornwall Orgerius Duke of Cornwall had a daughter named Alfride the fame of whose beauty caused King Edgar to send Earle Athelwold for obtaining her at her fathers hands in mariage But the Earle with the first sight of this faire Lady was so besotted in her loue that preferring the accomplishment of his lust before the duety of his alleageance he returnes answer to the King how the common report far exceeded her priuate worth which came much short of meriting a partnership in so great a Princes bed and not long after begged and obtayned the Kings good wlll to wed her himselfe But so braue a lustre could not lye long concealed without shining foorth into Edgars knowledge who finding the truth of his Ambassadours falshood tooke Athelwold at an aduauntage slewe him and maried her beeing a widdowe whome hee had wooed a mayde Hitherunto these titles of honour carry a kinde of confusednes and rather betokened a successiue office then an established dignity The following ages receiued a more distinct forme and left vs a certeyner notice What time William the bastard subdued this Realme one Condor possessed the Earledome of Cornwall and did homage for the same he had issue another Condor whose daughter and heire Agnes was maried to Reignald Earle of Bristowe base sonne to King Henry the first This note I borowed out of an industrious collection which setteth downe all the noble mens creations Armes and principall descents in euery Kings dayes since the conquest but master Camden our Clarentieulx nameth him Cadoc and saith farther that Robert Morton brother to William Conquerour by his mother Herlot was the first Earle of Norman blood and that his sonne William succeeded him who taking part with Duke Robert against Henry the first thereby got captiuity and lost his honour with which that King inuested the forementioned Reignald In this variance it is great reason that the ballance panche on his side who hath both authority to establish his assertion and a rarely approued knowledge to warrant his authoritie Hee dying issuelesse Richard the first gaue this Earledome to his brother Iohn Iohns sonne Henry the third honoured therewith his brother Richard King of the Romanes a Prince no lesse plentifully flowing in wealth then his brother was often driuen to extreame shifts through needinesse which made that barbarous age to poetrize Nummus ait pro me nubit Cornubia Rome Money sayd that for her sake Rome did Cornwall to wife take He had issue Henry Earle of Cornwall who deceased issuelesse and Edmond whose daughter and heire Isabell sayth mine authour was married to Moriee Fitsharding Lord Barckleigh but others affirme that this Edmond dyed without issue Edward the second degenerating in his choyce created his mynion Peter Gaueston a Gascoyne Earle of this County whose posterity ended in himselfe and himself by a violent death The last title of this Earldome expired in Iohn of Eltham yonger sonne to that King Edward After which King Edward the third by act of Parliament in the 11. yeere of his raigne erected the same to a Duchy the first in England and graced it with his sonne the blacke Prince for his heroicall vertues did rather bestow then receiue estimation from whatsoeuer dignitie Since which it is successiuely incorporated in the Kings eldest sonne and hath bene so enioyed by Richard the second Henry the fift Henry the sixt Edward his sōne Edward the fift Edward sonne to Richard the third Arthure and Henry sonnes to Henry the seuenth and lastly Edward the sixt 10. Dukes in the whole These Earles and Dukes haue from the beginning beene priuiledged with royall iurisdiction or Growne rights namely giuing of liberty to send Burgesses to the Parliaments returne of writs custome toll Mynes Treasure-trovee wards c. and to this end appoynted their speciall officers as Sheriffe Admirall Receyuer Hauener Customer Butler Searcher Comptroller Gaugeor Excheator Feodary Auditor Clarke of the market c. besides the L. Warden and those others beforeremembred whose functions appertayne
many noble men besides But not too much of this least a partiall affection steale at vnwares into my commendation as one by my mother descended frō his loynes and by my birth a member of the house Certaine olde ruines yet remaining confirme the neighbours report that neere the waters side there stood once a towne called Weststone house vntill the French by fire and sword ouerthrew it In the yeere one thousand fiue hundred ninetienine the Spaniards vaunts caused the Cornish forces to aduance there a kind of fortification and to plot the making of a Bridge on barges ouer that strait for inhibiting the enemies accesse by boates and Gallies into the more inward parts of the hauen But it may be doubted whether the bridge would haue proued as impossible as the Sconcefell out vnnecessarie Master Peter Edgecumbe commonly called Peers married Margaret the daughter of Sir Andrew Lutterel his father Sir Richard married the daughter of Tregian his father Sir Peers married the daughter and heire of Stephan Durnford and his father Sir Richard married the daughter of Tremayn These names of Peers and Richard they haue successiuely varied for sixe or seuen descents Hee beareth for his Armes Gules on a Bend ermine betweene two Cotises Or. 3. Bores heades coped arg armed as the three Langued is the field A little inward from Mountedgecumb lieth a safe and commodious Road for shipping called Hamose and compounded of the words Ose and Ham according to the nature of the place Here those vessels cast anchor which are bound to the Eastwards as those doe in Catwater who would fare to the West because euerie wind that can serue them at Sea will from thence carrie them out which commoditie other Roads doe not so conueniently affoord It is reported that in times past there was an ordinary passage ouer this water to a place on Deuon side called Horsecoue but long since discontinued At the higher end of a creek passing vp from hence Milbrook lurketh between two hilles a village of some 80. houses and borrowing his name from a mill and little brook running therethrough In my remembrance which extendeth not to aboue 40 yeeres this village tooke great encrease of wealth and buildings through the iust and industrious trade of fishing and had welneere forty ships and barks at one time belonging therevnto But our late broyles with Spayne haue set vp a more compendious though not so honest way of gayning and begin by little and little to reduce these plaine dealers to their former vndeserued plight Yet do they prescribe in a suburbiall market as I may terme it to Plymmouth for their reliefe by intercepting if not forestalling such corne and victuals as passing thorow their streights cannot for want of time or weather get ouer Crymell passage to the other and surely they are not vnworthy of fauour for this towne furnisheth more able Mariners at euery prest for her Highnesse seruice then many others of far greater blaze It chanced about twenty yeeres sithence that one Richaurd wife to Richard Adams of this towne was deliuered of two male children the one ten weekes after the other who liued vntil baptisme the later hitherto Which might happen in that the woman bearing twinnes by some blow slide or other extraordinary accident brought forth the first before his time and the later in his due season Now that a childe borne in the seuenth moneth may liue both Astrologers and Phisicions doe affirme but in the 8. they deny it and these are their reasons The Astrologers hold that the child in the mothers wombe is successiuely gouerned euery moneth by the seuen Planets beginning at Saturne after which reckoning he returning to his rule the 8. month by his dreery influēce infortunateth any birth that shal then casually befall whereas his succeeder Iupiter by a better disposition worketh a more beneficiall effect The Phisicions deliuer that in the seuenth moneth the childe by course of nature turneth itself in the mothers belly wherefore at that time it is readier as halfe loosed to take issue by any outward chance Mary in the eightth when it beginneth to settle againe and as yet retayneth some weakenes of the former sturring it requireth a more forcible occasion that induceth a slaughtering violence Or if these coniecturall reasons suffice not to warrant a probability of the truth Plynies authority in a stranger case shall presse them farther for hee writeth that a woman brought a bed of one childe in the seuenth moneth in the moneths following was also deliuered of twinnes A part of Mount-Edgecumb and of this Milbrook though seuered from Deuon by the generall bound yet vpon some of the foreremembred considerations haue bene annexed thereunto Aside of Milbrook lyeth the Peninsula of Inswork on whose neckland standeth an ancient house of the Champernons and descended by his daughters and heires to Forteskew Monck and Treuilian three Gentlemen of Deuon The site is naturally both pleasant and profitable to which the owner by his ingenious experiments daily addeth an artificiall surplusage Passing somewhat farther vp you meet with the foot of Lyner where it winneth fellowship with Tamer that till then and this yet longer retayning their names though their ouer-weake streames were long before confounded by the predominant salt water A little within this mouth of Lyner standeth East-Antony the poore home of mine ancestours with which in this maner they were inuested Sir Iohn Lerchedekne Knight and not priest for he was so called of his family and not by his calling as in Froissard you shall note the like to be familiar amongst the nobility of Gascoigne by Cecill the daughter and heire of Iordan of Haccumb had issue 9. sonnes Ralph Waryne Richard Otho Iohn Robert Martyn Reignald and Michael Richard married Ione the daughter of Iohn Bosowr that bare him Thomas in whome the heires male of this multiplyed hope tooke an end Warine afterwards knighted tooke to wife Elizabeth one of the daughters and heires to Iohn Talbot de Castro Ricardi and on her begate three daughters and heires Alienor wedded to Sir Walter Lucy Margery to Sir Thomas Arundel of Taluerne and Philip to Sir Hugh Courtney of Bauncton which I take is now named Boconnock From Lucy descended the Lord Vaux and others Margery dyed childlesse anno 1419. as is testified by her toomb-stone in West-Antony Church where shee lyeth buried Sir Hugh Courtney was second sonne to Ed. Earle of Deuon had 2. wiues the first Maud daughter of the L. Beaumond to whose children for want of issue in the elder stock that Earledome deuolued the later our foreremēbred Philip who left her inheritance to her only daughter Ione and she taking a patterne from her fathers fortune espoused likewise 2. husbands viz. Sir Nicholas Baron of Carew and Sir Robert Vere brother to Iohn Earle of Oxford to Sir Nicholas shee bare Thomas Nicholas Hugh Alexander and William to Sir Robert Iohn and became
Tynners goe to worke casting vp trenches before thē in depth 5. or 6. foote more or lesse as the loose ground went three or foure in breadth gathering vp such Shoad as this turning of the earth doth offer to their sight If any ryner thwart them and that they resolue to search his bed hee is trained by a new channell from his former course This yeeldeth a speedie and gaineful recompence to the aduenturers of the search but I hold it little beneficiall to the owners of the soyle For those low grounds beforetime fruitfull hauing herethrough their wrong side turned outwards accuse the Tynners iniurie by their succeeding barrennesse To find the Loadworkes their first labour is also imployed in seeking this Shoad which either lieth open on the grasse or but shallowly couered Hauing found any such they coniecture by the sight of the ground which way the floud came that brought it thither and so giue a gesse at the place whence it was broken off There they sincke a Shaft or pit of fiue or sixe foote in length two or three foote in breadth and seuen or eight foote in depth to proue whether they may so meete with the Load By this Shaft they also discerne which was the quicke ground as they call it that mooued with the floud and which the firme wherein no such Shoad doth lie If they misse the Load in one place they sincke alike Shaft in another beyond that commonly farther vp towards the hill and so a third and fourth vntil they light at last vpon it But you may not conceiue that euerie likelyhood doth euer proue a certaintie for diuers haue beene hindered through bestowing charges in seeking and not finding and many vndone in finding and not speeding whiles a faire show tempting them to much cost hath in the end fayled in substance and made the aduenturers Banckrupt of their hope and purse Some haue found Tynne-workes of great vallew through meanes no lesse strange then extraordinarie to wit by dreames As in Edward the sixts time a Gentlewoman heire to one Fresculierd and wife to Lauyue dreamed that a man of seemely personage told her how in such a Tenement of her Land shee should find so great store of Tynne as would serue to in rich both her selfe and her posteritie This shee reuealed to her husband and hee putting the same in triall found a worke which in foure yeeres was worth him welneere so many thousand pounds Moreouer one Taprel lately liuing dwelling in the Parish of the hundred of West called S. Niot by a like dreame of his daughter see the lucke of women made the like assay met with the effect farmed the worke of the vnwitting Lord of the soyle and grew thereby to good state of wealth The same report passeth as currant touching sundrie others but I will not bind any mans credite though that of the Authors haue herein swayed mine and yet he that will afford his eare to Astrologers and naturall Philosophers shall haue it filled with many discourses of the constellation of the heauens and the constitution of mens bodies fitting to this purpose There are that leauing these trades of new searching doe take in hand such old Stream and Loadworks as by the former aduenturers haue beene giuen ouer and oftentimes they find good store of Tynne both in the rubble cast vp before as also in veines which the first workmen followed not From hence there groweth a diuersitie in opinion amongst such Gentlemen as by iudgement and experience can looke into these matters some of them supposing that the Tynne groweth and others that it onely separateth from the consumed offall But whosoeuer readeth that which Francis Leandro hath written touching the yron mynerals in the I le of Elba will cleaue perhaps to a third conceite for hee auoucheth that the trenches out of which the Owre there is digged within twentie or thirtie yeeres become alike ful againe of the same mettall as at first he confirmeth it by sutable examples borrowed from Clearchus of Marble in Paros Iland and of Salt in India deducing thence this reason that the ayre and water replenishing the voide roome through the power of the vniuersall agent and some peculiar celestiall influence are turned into the selfe substance and so by consequence neither the Owre groweth nor the earth consumeth away and this opiniō Munster in his Cosmographie doth seeme to vnderprop affirming that neere the Citie of Apoloxia in Dalmatia the veines whence Brasse is digged are filled in like maner So doth he report that neere Ptolomais there lieth a round valley out of which glassie Sand being taken the winds fill the pit againe from the vpper part of the adioyning mountaines which matter is conuerted into the former substance and that euen Mettals throwne into this place doe vndergoe the like Metamorphosis The colour both of the Shoad and Load resembleth his bed as the Sea sand doth the Cliffes and is so diuersified to reddish blackish duskie and such other earthy colours If the Load wherein the Tynne lieth carrieth a foote and halfe in breadth and bee not ouerbarren it is accompted a verie rich worke but commonly the same exceedeth not a foote vnlesse many Loads runne together When the new found worke intiseth with probabilitie of profit the discouerer doth commonly associate himselfe with some more partners because the charge amounteth mostly verie high for any one mans purse except lined beyond ordinarie to reach vnto and if the worke doe faile many shoulders will more easily support the burthen These partners consist either of such Tinners as worke to their owne behoose or of such aduenturers as put in hired labourers The hirelings stand at a certaine wages either by the day which may be about eight pence or for the yeere being betweene foure and sixe pound as their deseruing can driue the bargaine at both which rates they must find themselues If the worke carrie some importance and require the trauaile of many hands that hath his name and they their Ouerseer whome they terme their Captaine such are the Pel Whilancleuth in English The worke of the Ditches Pulstean that is The myrie head Grueg braaz The great Borough Saint Margets and many surnamed Balls which betoken the Vales where the works are set on foote The Captaines office bindeth him to sort ech workman his taske to see them applie their labour to make timely prouision for binding the worke with frames of Timber if need exact it to place Pumpes for drawing of water and to giue such other directions In most places their toyle is so extreame as they cannot endure it aboue foure houres in a day but are succeeded by spels the residue of the time they weare out at Coytes Kayles or like idle exercises Their Kalender also alloweth them more Holy-dayes then are warranted by the Church our lawes or their owne profit Their ordinarietooles are a Pick-axe of yron about
her selfe vpon the family of the Dimocks Robert second sonne to the last mentioned Raphe saue one had issue Will. who maried Alice the daughter and heire of Tho. of Edmerston Wil. had another Wil. and he had Iohn and Iohn againe had Wil. This Wil. had Roger who vpon Iulian sister and coheire of Iohn Hill of Fleet begat Iohn and Richard father to the Gentleman now liuing and he matched with Elizabeth daughter of Thomas Southcott and one of the heires to her mother the daughter of Barnehouse besides which hee succeeded to his vncle Iohns inheritance who deceased issuelesse and being yet scarcely entred the limits of an healthfull olde age seeth his pedigree extended into two farther descents As for those outreaching mans memory I haue seene them very sufficiently verified his Armes are O. an Eagle displayed B. pruning her wing armed and langued G. Vpon the top of a creek hereby lyeth Crocadon the mansion of M. Treuisa a Gent. deriuing himselfe from the ancient and weldeseruing Chronicler of that name he beareth G. a garbe O. A mile aboue Halton standeth Cuttayle another house of M. Edgecumbs so named as wee may coniecture of the French Courtaile in English short cut because here the salt water course is straightned by the incroching banks The buildings are ancient large strong and fayre and appurtenanced with the necessaries of wood water fishing parks and mils with the deuotion of in times past a rich furnished Chappell and with the charity of almes-houses for certaine poore people whom the owners vsed to releeue It is reported credited thereabouts how Sir Ric. Edgecumb the elder was driuen to hide himself in those his thick woods which ouerlook the riuer what time being suspected of fauouring the Earle of Richmonds party against King R. the 3. hee was hotely pursued and narrowely searched for Which extremity taught him a sudden policy to put a stone in his cap tumble the same into the water while these rangers were fast at his heeles who looking downe after the noyse and seeing his cap swimming thereon supposed that he had desperatly drowned himselfe gaue ouer their farther hunting and left him liberty to shift away and ship ouer into Brittaine for a gratefull remembrance of which deliuery hee afterwards builded in the place of his lurking a Chappell not yet vtterly decayed And thus hauing coasted the Cornish side of Plymmouth hauen I hold it not amisse to make report of such great voyages as by the memory of our Chronicles or our owne view from this harbour tooke their beginning or ending Heere the neuer inough commended black Prince attended by the Earles of Warwick Suffolk Sarisbury and Oxford the Lord Chandos and others committed himselfe to the sea with a nauy of 300. bottoms for landing and maintayning his fathers right in France and hither after his glorious battell at Poictiers he returned with the captiue French King and his nobles Here the Lady Katherine daughter to the King of Spaine and wife to our Prince Arthur tooke land at her first arriuall in England Heere shipped himselfe the Lord Darcy sent by King Henry the 8. with a lusty crew of soldiers for that Ferdinands iust assistance against the Infidels but vsed by him as a stale for the vniust conquest of Christian Nauar. Here mostly haue the troups of aduenturers made their Rendez vous for attempting newe discoueries or inhabitances as Tho. Stukeleigh for Florida Sir Humfrey Gilbert for Newfound-land Sir Rich. Greynuile for Virginea Sir Martyn Frebisher and Master Dauies for the North-west passage Sir Walter Raleigh for Guiana c. Here Count Mongomery made forth with a more commendable meaning then able meanes or welspeeding effect for relieuing the hard besieged and sore distressed Rochellers Here Sir Fra. Drake first extended the point of that liquid line wherewith as an emulator of the Sunnes glorie he encompassed the world Here Master Candish began to second him with a like heroicall spirit and fortunate successe Here Don Antonio King of Portugall the Earles of Cumberland Essex and Notingham the Lord Warden of the Stanneries Sir Iohn Norrice Sir Iohn Hawkins and who elsewhere and not here haue euer accustomed to cut sayle in carrying defiance against the imaginarie new Monarch and heere to cast anker vpon their returne with spoyle and honour I omit the infinite swarme of single ships and pettie fleetes dayly heere manned out to the same effect And here in eightie eight the foreremembred Lord Admirall expected and set forth against that heauen-threatning Armado which to bee tainted with the shamefuller disgrace and to blaze our renoume with the brighter lustre termed it selfe Inuincible But I may not grow ouer-lasciuious in extolling King R. the 2. Anno 5. of his raigne by Act of Parliament restrained all passengers from shipping themselues in any other Ports theÌ„ such as are there set down of which Plymmouth was one From Plymmouth hauen passing farther into the countrie Hengsten downe presenteth his waste head and sides to our sight This name it boroweth of Hengst which in the Saxon signifieth a horse to such least daintie beasts it yeeldeth fittest pasture The countrie people haue a by word that Hengsten downe well ywrought Is worth London towne deare ybought Which grewe from the store of Tynne in former times there digged vp but that gainfull plentie is now fallen to a scant-sauing scarcitie Those workes afford store of the formentioned Cornish Diamonds The neighboring Inhabitants obserue also that when the top of Hengsten is capped with a cloud the same boadeth a showre within short time after Roger Hoâ—â—den reporteth that about Anno 806. a fleete of Danes arriued in West-wales with whome the Welsh ioyned in insurrection against king Egbright but hee gloriously discomfited them at Hengistendune which I take to bee this place if at least West-wales may by interpretation passe for Cornwall because the other prouince of that name is more commonly diuided into North and South This down is edged by Carybullock sometimes a parke of the Dukes but best brooking that name now it hath lost his qualitie through exchaunging Deere for Bullocke A little aside from hence lyeth Landwhitton now Lawhitton which as I haue elsewhere noted was exempted vnto Edwulff Bishop of Creditune from the Cornish Diocesse to which yet both for the temporaltie and spiritualtie the same oweth present subiection Mary into what new names PontiuÌ„ Coilleng there also mentioned are now metamorphized I must say amplio Those buildings commonly knowne by the name of Lauriston and written Lanceston are by the Cornishmen called Lesteeuan Lez in Cornish signifieth broad those are scatteringly erected and were anciently termed Lanstaphadon by interpretation S. Stephens Church they consist of two boroughs Downeuet and Newport that perhaps so called of downe yeeding as hauing a steep hill this of his newer erection With them ioyne the parishes of S. Thomas S. Stephens The parish
Church of Launceston it selfe fetcheth his title of dedication from Mary Magdalen whose image is curiously hewed in a side of the wall and the whole Church fayrely builded The towne was first founded saith M. Hooker by Eadulphus brother to Alpsius Duke of Deuon and Cornwall and by his being girded with a wall argueth in times past to haue caried some valew A newe increase of wealth expresseth it selfe in the Inhabitants late repayred and enlarged buildings They are gouerned by a Maior and his scarlet-robde brethren and reape benefit by their fayres and markets and the County Assizes The Statute of 32. Henry 8. which tooke order touching Sanctuaries endowed this towne with the priuiledge of one but I find it not turned to any vse To the town there is adioynant in site but sequestred in iurisdiction an ancient Castle whose steepe rocky-footed Keepe hath his top enuironed with a treble wal and in regard thereof men say was called Castle terrible The base court compriseth a decayed Chappell a large hall for holding the shire Assizes the Constables dwelling house and the common Gayle About 60 yeeres past there were found certaine leather coynes in the Castle wall whose faire stamp and strong substance till then resisted the assault of time as they would now of couetousnesse A little without the towne were founded a Friery and anno 1128. an Abbey furthered by Reignald Earle of Cornwall About 2. miles distant from Launceston Penheale mannour coasteth the high way claiming the right of anciēt demain sometimes appertaining to the Earles of Huntingdon but purchased not long sithence by the late M. George Greinuile who descended from a yonger brother of that family and through his learning and wisdome aduanced his credit to an especiall good regard in his Countrey He maried Iulian one of the 6. daughters and heires of William Viel and Iane the daughter to Sir Iohn Arundel of Trerne Richard his father tooke to wife one of Kelwayes heires and Degory his graund-father one of the inheritors to Tregarthen which helps together with his owne good husbandry haue endowed his sonne with an elder brothers liuelyhood he beareth G. three Restes O. In Lezant parish heereby master Christopher Harris owneth a third part of Trecarell the proiect and onset of a sumptuous building as coheire to the last Gentleman of that name but admitteth no partner in the sweetly tempered mixture of bounty and thrift grauity and pleasantnes kindnesse and stoutnes which grace all his actions Hee beareth Sa. three Croissants within aborder A. Neither may wee forget Master Coringtons house of Newton old to him by succession yet new in respect of his owne antiquitie diuers his auncestors haue reaped the praise and reputation of a stayed carriage howbeit one of them through his rash but merrie prankes is to this day principally remembred by the name of the mad Corington I haue heard him deliuer an obseruation that in eight liniall descents no one borne heire of his house euer succeeded to the land hee beareth A. a Saultier Sa. Trebigh a priuiledged franchise is by his Lord Master William Wray conuerted to a generall welcomer of his friends and neighbours Hee married the daughter of Sir William Courtney his father the coheire of Killigrew Hee beareth Sa. a Fesse betweene three battel-axes A. Poole for his low and moyst seate is not vnaptly named houseth Sir Ionathan Trelawny farre beneath his worth calling he married Sir Henry Killigrews daughter his father the coheire of Reskimer his graundfather Lamellyns Inheritrix Poole standeth in Mynhinet parish where Sir Ionathan hath a large priuiledged Mānour of the same name the Benefice is giuen by Excester Colledge in Oxford none but the fellowes admittable wherethrough it hath sccessiuely beene graced with three well borne well learned and welbeloued Incumbents Doctor Tremayne Master Billet and Master Denis Out of Sir Ionathans house is also descended Master Edward Trelawny a Gentleman qualified with many good parts Their armes are A. a Cheuron S. betweene three Oke-leaues Vert. Sundrie other Gent. rest beholden to this hundred for their dwellings who in an enuiable mediocritie of fortune do happilie possesse themselues and communicate their sufficient means to the seruice of their prince the good of their neighbours and the bettering of their own estate of which sort are M. Becket who beareth S. a Fesse betweene three Boares heads coped sixe Crosses crosselet Fichee O. M. Tregodecke who beareth A. a Cheuron betweene three Buckles S. M. Spurre G. on a Cheuron O. a rose of the first and 2. mullets pearnd S. M. Bligh B. a Griffon legreant O. armed G. betweene 3. Croissants A. M. Lower B. a Cheuron engrayled O. betweene three Roses A. M. Treuisa G. a garb O. M. Chiuerton A. a Castle S. standing on a hill V. Manaton A on a Bend S. three mullets of the field and some others Stratton Hundred STratton Hundred extendeth the breadth of Cornewall to the North as that of East beginneth it on the South and therefore it shall next succeede His circuit is slender but his fruitfulnesse great and the Inhabitants industrie commendable who reape a large benefit from their orchyards and gardens but specially from their Garlick the Countreymans Triacle which they vent not onely into Cornwall but many other shires besides Stratton the onely market towne of this Hundred gaue the same his name and if I mistake not taketh it from Strota a street other memorable matter to report thereof I finde not any Vpon one side of the towne lyeth master Chamonds house and place of Launcels so called for that it was sometimes a Cell appertaining to the Abbot of Hartlond This Gentlemans father late deceased receiued at Gods hands an extraordinarie fauour of long life Hee serued in the office of a Iustice of peace almost 60. yeeres He knew aboue 50. seuerall Iudges of the westerne cercuit He was vncle and great vncle to at least 300. wherein yet his vncle and neighbour master Greynuile parson of Kilkhampton did exceed him He married one of the daughters and heires of Treuenuer and by her saw fiue sonnes and two daughters the yongest out-stepping 40. yeeres Sir Iohn Chamond his father a man learned in the common lawes was knighted at the Sepulchre and by dame Iane widdowe to Sir Iohn Arundell of Trerice and daughter to Sir Thomas Greynuile had an elder sonne called Thomas whose two daughters and heires by Arscot caried part of the lands to Tripcony and Treuanion with whome they matched Master Chamond beareth A. a Cheuron betweene 3. flowers de Luce G. In Launcels parish also standeth Norton the house of M. Tristram Arscot a Gēt who by his trauailing abroad in his yonger yeres hath the better enabled himselfe to discharge his calling at home He tooke to wife Eulalia the widdow of the wise and vertuous M. Edmond Tremayne and daughter of Sir Iohn Sentleger whose stately house of Anery in Deuon he purchased
parcel of the Cornish earth extendeth it selfe wider and compriseth more parishes then any other Hundred of the shire as stretching East and West from Foy to Falmouth and South and North welnere from one sea to the other In describing the same we must begin where we left to wit at Foy hauen in Cornish Foath It receyueth this name of the riuer and bestoweth the same on the town His entrance is garded with Block-houses that on the townes side as also the towne it selfe fortified fenced with ordinance The commeÌ„dation of which iudustry is principally due to the prouidence and direction of M. Wil. Treffry a Gent that hath vowed his rare gifts of learning wisdome courage to the good of his country made proofe therof in many occurreÌ„ts to whose iudicious correctioÌ„s these my notes haue bin not a little beholden His faire ancient house Castle-Wise builded and sufficiently flanked ouerlooketh the towne and hauen with a pleasant prospect and yet is not excluded from the healthfull ayre and vse of the country which occasioned his auncestours though endowed elsewhere with large reuennues of their owne and their wiues inheritance for many discents to make here their ordinary residence as is witnessed by their to ombestones which I haue seene in the church One of them about 145. yeeres sithence valiantly defended this his dwelling against the French what time they had surprized the rest of the towne Hee married one of Tremaynes heires his father the heire of Tresithny his graundfather the daughter of Killigrew and beareth S. a Cheuron betweene three Hawthornes A. But I will returne to the towne During the warlike raignes of our two valiant Edwards the first third the Foyens addicted themselues to backe their Princes quarrell by coping with the enemy at sea and made returne of many prizes which purchases hauing aduanced them to a good estate of wealth the same was wheÌ„ the quieter conditioned times gaue meanes heedfully and diligently employed and bettered by the more ciuill trade of marchandise and in both these vocations they so fortunately prospered that it is reported 60. tall ships did at one time belong to the harbour and that they assisted the siege of Callais with 47. saile Heereon a full purse begetting a stout stomack our Foyens tooke heart at grasse and chauncing about that time I speake vpon the credit of tradition to sayle neere Rye and Winchelsea they stifly refused to vaile their bonets at the summons of those townes which contempt by the better enabled Sea-farers reckoned intolerable caused the Ripiers to make out with might and mayne against them howbeit with a more hardy onset then happy issue for the Foy men gaue them so rough entertaynment at their welcome that they were glad to forsake patch without bidding farewell the merit of which exploit afterwards entitled them Gallants of Foy and it may bee they sought to eternize this memorable fact after the Greeke and Romane maner by inuesting the towne of Golant with that name notwithstanding quaere whether a causelesse ambitioÌ„ in the postetitie turned not rather Golant into Gallant for their greater glory Once the townesmen vaunt that for teskuing certaine ships of Rye from the Normans in Henrie the thirds time they beare the armes and enioy part of the priuiledges appertaining to the Cinque-ports whereof there is some memorie in their Chauncell window with the name of Fisart Bagga their principall Commaunder in that seruice Moreouer the prowesse of one Nicholas sonne to a widdow neere Foy is deskanted vpon in an old three mans songs namely how he fought brauely at sea with Iohn Dory a Genowey as I coniecture set forth by Iohn the French king and after much bloudshed on both sides tooke and slew him in reuenge of the great rauine and crueltie which hee had forecommitted vpon the English mens goods and bodies Yet their so often good successe sometimes tasted the sawce of crosser speeding for Tho. Walsingham telleth vs that Sir Hugh Calueley and Sir Th. Percy deputed to gard the sea by R. the 2. Anno 1379. chanced there to meete a Cornish barge belonging to Foy harbour which hauing worne out his victuals and time limited for the like seruice was then sayling homewards neither would be entreated by those knights to ioyne companie with them howbeit they bought this refusall verie deare For no sooner was the English fleete past out of sight but that a Flemmish man of warre lighted vpon them and after a long and strong resistance ouermastred them as well at last in force as they did at first in number tooke the Barge sunk it and slaughtered all the Saylers one onely boy excepted who in the heate of the bickering seeing which way the game would goe secretly stole aboord the Flemming and closely hid himselfe amongst the ballast Ouer a while this Pirate â—ast Anker in an English harbor where the boy hearing his Countrimens voice that were come aboord riseth from his new buriall bewrayeth the fact so wrought meanes for their punishment and his owne deliuery Not long after our Foy gallants vnable to beare a low sayle in their fresh gale of fortune began to skum the Seas with their often piracies auowing themselues vpon the Earle of Warwicke whose ragged staffe is yet to be seene pourtrayed in many places of their Church Steeple and in diuers priuate houses as also to violate their dutie at land by insolent disobedience to the Princes Officers cutting off amongst other pranckes a Pursiuants eares whereat king Edward the fourth conceiued such indignation as hee sent Commissioners vnto Lostwithiel a towne there by who vnder pretence of vsing their seruice in sea affaires trained thither the greatest number of the Burgesses and no sooner come then laid hold on and in hold their goods were confiscated one Harrington executed the chaine of their hauen remoued to Dartmouth their wonted iolity transformed into a sudden misery from which they striued a long time in vaine to releeue themselues but now of late yeres doe more and more aspire to a great amendment of their former defects though not to an equall height of their first aboundance Where I may not passe in silence the commendable deserts of Master Rashleigh the elder descended from a younger brother of an ancient house in Deuon for his industrious iudgement and aduenturing in trade of marchandise first opened a light and way to the townesmens newe thriuing and left his sonne large wealth and possessions who together with a dayly bettering his estate conuerteth the same to hospitality and other actions fitting a Gent. well affected to his God Prince and Countrey He married the daughter of Bonithon his father of Lanyne and beareth S. a plaine Crosse betweene 2. Croissants A. Anno 28. H. 6. there was an Act of Parliament made to restraine the abuses of sea-officers in wrong exactions at Foy and some other hauens The Lord of Pomier a Norman encouraged by the ciuil warres
vefled in master Otwell Hill as heire to his mother the daughter and heire to Cosowarth to whome it likewise accrued by matching with the daughter and heire of that name a seate through his fruitfulnesse and other appurtenances supplying the owner large meanes of hospitalitie and by him so imployed who reckoneth to receiue most good when he doth it He deriueth himselfe from a populous and well regarded familie in Lancashire and matried the daughter of Denham and beareth G. a Cheuron betweene three Garbes Ermine Art he adioyning Saint Tue dwelleth master Richard Tremayn descended from a yonger brother of Colocumb house in Deuon who being learned in the lawes is yet to learne or atleast to practise how he may make other profit there by then by hoarding vp teasure of gratitude in the mindfull brests of poore and rich on whom hee gratis bestoweth the fruites of his paines and knowledge He married Coffyn hee beareth G. three Armes in circle ioyned at the Tronkes O. with hands proper Dudman a wel knowne foreland to most Saylers here shouldreth out the Ocean to shape the same a large bosome betweene it selfe and Rame head which are wel-neere twentie myles in distance Amongst sundrie prouerbs allotting an impossible time of performance the Cornishmen haue this one When Rame-head and Dudman meet Whose possession yet though not theÌ„selues met in Sir Peers Edgecumb as inioying that in right of his wife and this by descent from his Father Bodrugan a large demaines adioyning thereunto which I will not deriue from Sir Bors du Ganis though the neighbours so say was the dwelling of Sir Henrie Trenowith a man of great liuely-hood who chaunged his name with the house and lost house and holding through attainder for rebellion against king Henrie the seuenth The king bestowed it by an intailed gift vpon Sir Richard Edgecumb Next lyeth the foreremembred Carybayes Kery haz in Cornish signifieth to beare his seede or as some other define it delighting in seede descended to M. Charles Treuanion the present possessioner by a long ranke of auncestors from Arundels daughter and-heire his father married the daughter of Morgan and sister to the first Lord Hunsdons wife which brought him an honourable ally Three of this Gentlemans elder brethren Edward Iohn and Hugh forewent him in successioned their fathers inheritance and passed to the better world in a single life himselfe by matching the daughter and heire of Witchalse whose mother was coheire to Marwood hath raised issue vnto them and continueth the hope of posteritie Sir William Treuanions his Graundfire tooke to wife the said Sir Richard Edgecumbs daughter The Treuanions Armes are A. a Fesse B. charged with three Escalops O. betweene two Cheurons G. Roseland is a circuite containing certaine Parishes hereabouts and benefiting the owners with his fruitfulnesse so that though the original of his name came perhaps as master Camden noteth from his former thickets yet his present estate better resembleth a flowrie effect By this time we approch the limits of Falmouth Hauen vpon one of whose Creekes standeth the market and incorporate towne of Tregny not specially memorable in my knowledge for any extraordinarie worth or accident Of better regard is Truro alias Truru or Trisow as the principall towne of the Hauen priuiledged with a Mayraltie and benefited with the generall Westerne Sessions Coynages Markets Faires c. The shape of the towne and Etymon of the name may be learned out of this Cornish propheticall rime Truru Triueth cu Ombdina geueth try ru Which is to say Truro consisteth of three streetes and it shall in time bee said Here Truro stood A like mischiefe of a mysterie they obserue that in taking T. from the towne there testeth ru ru which in English soundeth Woe Woe but whatsoeuer shall become therof hereafter for the present I hold it to haue got the start in wealth of anyother Gornish towne and to come behind none in buildings Lanceston onely excepted where there is more vse and profit of faire lodgings through the Countie Assizes I wish that they would likewise deserue praise for getting and imploying their riches in some industrious trade to the good of their Countrie as the Harbours oportunitie inviteth them Descending from Truro to the Hauens mouth by water you are ouer-looked by sundrie Gentlemens commodious feates as Fen ten golian in English the Haâ—ts well lately appertaining to master Carmynow by interpretation often louing and now to master Holcomb who married the daughter of master Peter Courtncy Master Sayers house Ardeuora inhabited by master Thomas Peyton a Gentleman for his age and vertues deseruing a regardfull estimation Master Befcawnes Master Sayers but amongst all vpon that side of the riuer Taluerne for pleasant prospect large scope and other hous-keeping commodities challengeth the preeminence it was giuen to a yonger brother of Lanhearne for some six or seuen descents past and hath bred Gent of good worth and calling amongst whom I may not forget the late hind valiant Sir Iohn Arundell who matched with Godolphin nor Iohn his vertuous and hopeful succeeding sonne who married with Carew though this remembrance renew that sorrow which once I partly expressed in the insuing Epitaph Seeke not blind eyes the liking with the dead T is earth you see our Arundel is gone To ioyne with Christ as member to his head And skernes and pities this our bootlesse mone Yet pardon vs sweete soule mans nature beares We to thy losse should sacrifice our teares Thou time hast changed to eternitie But timelesse was that time in our regard Since â—â—ught thou leau'st vs saue the memorie Of thy deare worth so soone not to be spared Soft be the grine vnrathy resting bones Short be the date that vs againe atones Vpon the East side of the Hauens entrance Saint Maryes alias S. Mawes Castle witly his Point-blanke Ordinance comptrolleth any shipping that deserue a deniall of admission or passage and is commaunded by master Viuian a Gentleman who through his worth deserueth and with due care and iudgement dischargeth the Martiall and ciuill gouernments committed to his trust hee beareth partie per fesse Ar. and Vnsase 6. in chiefe a Lyon rampant G. We will close vp this Hundred after our vsuall maner with the Gentlemen of marke but not orderly marked Such are Tanner who married the daughter of Rosicarrock who beareth A. on a chiefe S. three Morions heads O. Pomeroy a branch of Bery Pomeroy in Deuon he beareth O. a Lyon rampaÌ„t G. who matched with Tanner and whose daughter heire apparant hath taken to husband the yong Penkeuil who beareth A. two Cheurons and in chiefe a Lyon passant G. Polwheele whose name in deduced from his dwelling and his dwelling may be interpreted The mity worke linked in wedlock with the coheire of Trinâ—â—â—â—â—e in English The towne of the borough His mother was Lower of Trelask Palwheel beareth S. a Saultier engraysed Erm. Hearle lineally desoended from sundry Knights