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A07832 New English Canaan, or New Canaan containing an abstract of New England, composed in three bookes : the first booke setting forth the originall of the natives, their manners and customes, together with their tractable nature and love towards the English : the second booke setting forth the naturall indowments of the countrie, and what staple commodities it yeeldeth : the third booke setting forth what people are planted there, their prosperity, what remarkable accidents have happened since the first planting of it, together with their tenents, and practise of their church / written by Thomas Morton ... Morton, Thomas, 1564-1659. 1637 (1637) STC 18203; ESTC S455 99,493 200

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with castin● a mist before their eies that see him enter in and com● out but no part of the way hee has bin seene likewis● by our English in the heat of all summer to make Ic● appeare in a bowle of faire water first having the water set before him hee hath begunne his incantatio● according to their usuall accustome and before th● same has bin ended a thick Clowde has darkned th● aire and on a sodane a thunder clap hath bin heard that has amazed the natives in an instant hee hath shewed a firme peece of Ice to flote in the middest of the bowle in the presence of the vulgar people which doubtles was done by the agility of Satan his consort And by meanes of these sleights and such like trivial things as these they gaine such estimation amongst the rest of the Salvages that it is thought a very impious matter for any man to derogate from the words of these Powahs In so much as hee that should slight them is thought to commit a crime no lesse hainous amongst them as sacriledge is with us as may appeare by this one passage which I wil set forth for an instance A neighbour of mine that had entertain'd a Salvage into his service to be his factor for the beaver trade amongst his countrymen delivered unto him divers parcells of commodities fit forthem to trade with amongst the rest there was one coate of more esteeme then any of other and with this his new entertained marchant man travels amonst his countrymen to truck them away for beaver as our custome hath bin the Salvage went up into the Country amongst his neighbours for beaver returned with some but not enough answerable to his Masteers expectation but being called to an accompt and especially for that one Coate of speciall note made answer that he had given that coate to Tantoquineo a Powah to which his master in a rage cryed what have I to doe with Tantoquineo The Salvage very angry at the matter cryed what you speake you are not a very good man wil you not give Tantoq a coat what 's this as if he had offered Tantoquineo the greatest indignity that could be devised so great is the estimation and reverence that these people have of these Ingling Powahs who are usually sent for when any person is sicke and ill at ease to recover them for which they receive rewards as do● our Chirgeons and Phisitions and they doe make ● trade of it and boast of their skill where they come One amongst the rest did undertake to cure an Englishman of a swelling of his hand for a parcell of biskett which being delivered him hee tooke the party greived into the woods aside from company an● with the helpe of the devill as may be conjectured quickly recovered him of that swelling and sent hi● about his worke againe CHAP. X. Of their duels and the honourable estimation of victory obtained thereby THese Salvages are not apt to quarrell one wit● anothet yet such hath bin the occasion that difference hath happened which hath growne to tha● height that it has not bin reconciled otherswise the● by combat which hath bin performed in this manner the two champions prepared for the fight with thei● bowes in hand and a quiver full of arrowes at thei● backs they have entered into the field the Challenge● and challenged have chosen two trees standing wit● in a little distance of each other they have cast lotts for the cheife of the trees then either champion setting himselfe behinde his tree watches an advantage to let fly his shafts and to gall his enemy there they continue shooting at each other if by chaunce they espie any part open they endeavour to gall the combatant in that part and use much agility in the performance of the taske they have in hand Resolute they are in the execution of their vengeance when once they have begunne and will in no wise be daunted or seeme to shrinck though they doe catch a clap with an arrow but fight it out in this manner untill one or both be slaine I have bin shewed the places where such duels have bin performed and have fuond the trees marked for a memoriall of the Combat where that champion hath stood that had the hap to be slaine in the duell and they count it the greatest honor that can be to the serviving Cumbatant to shew the scares of the wounds received in this kinde of Conflict and if it happen to be on the arme as those parts are most in danger in these cases they will alwayes weare a bracelet upon that place of the arme as a trophy of honor to their dying day CHAP. XI Of the maintaining of their Reputation REputation is such a thing that it keepes many men in awe even amongst Civilized nations and is very much stood upon it is as one hath very well noted the awe of great men and of Kings and since I have observed it to be maintained amongst Salvage people I cannot chuse but give an instance thereof in this treatise to confirme the common receaved opinion thereof The Sachem or Sagamore of Sagus made choise when hee came to mans estate of a Lady of noble discent Daughter to Papasiquineo the Sachem or Sagamore of the territories neare Merrimack River a man of the best note and estimation in all those parts and as my Countryman Mr. Wood declares in his prospect a great Nigromancer this Lady the younge Sachem with the consent good liking of her father marries and takes for his wife Great entertainement hee and his receaved in those parts at her fathers hands where they weare fested in the best manner that might be expected according to the Custome of their nation with reveling such other solemnities as is usuall amongst them The solemnity being ended Papasiquineo causes a selected number of his men to waite upon his Daughter home into those parts that did properly belong to her Lord and husband where the attendants had entertainment by the Sachem of Sagus and his Countrymen the solemnity being ended the attendants were gratified Not long after the new married Lady had a great desire to see her father and her native country from whence shee came ●er Lord willing to pleasure her not deny her request amongst them thought to be reasonable commanded a selected number of his owne men to conduct his Lady to her Father wherwith great respect they brought her and having feasted there a while returned to their owne country againe leaving the Lady to continue there at her owne pleasure amongst her friends and old acquaintance where shee passed away the time for a while and in the end desired to returne to her Lord againe Her father the old Papasiquineo having notice of her intent sent some of his men on ambassage to the younge Sachem his sonne in law to let him understand that his daughter was not willing to absent her selfe from his
company any longer therfore as the messengers had in charge desired the younge Lord to send a convoy for her but hee standing upon tearmes of honor the maintaining of his reputatiō returnd to his father in law this answere that when she departed from him hee caused his men to waite upon her to her fathers territories as it did become him but now shee had an intent to returne it did become her father to send her back with a convoy of his own people that it stood not with his reputation to make himself or his men so servile to fetch her againe The old Sachem Papasiquineo having this message returned was inraged to think that his young son in law did not esteeme him at a higher rate then to capitulate with him about the matter returne him this sharpe reply that his daughters bloud and birth deserved no more respect then to be so slighted there●ore if he would have her company hee were best to ●end or come for her The younge Sachem not willing to under value himselfe and being a man of a stout spirit did not stick to say that hee should either send her by his owne Convey or keepe her for hee was not determined to stoope so lowe So much these two Sachems stood upon tearme of reputation with each other the one would not sen● her the other would not send for her least it should be any diminishing of honor on his part that shoul● seeme to comply that the Lady when I came ou● of the Country remained still with her father whic● is a thinge worth the noting that Salvage peopl● should seeke to maintaine their reputation so muc● as they doe CHAP. XII Of their trafficke and trade one vvith another ALthough these people have not the use of navigation whereby they may trafficke as other nations that are civilized use to doe yet doe they barter for such commodities as they have have a kind● of beads in steede of money to buy withall suc● things as they want which they call Wampampeak● and it is of two sorts the one is white the other is o● a violet coloure These are made of the shells o● fishe the white with them is as silver with us th● other as our gould and for these beads they buy an● sell not onely amongst themselves but even with us We have used to sell them any of our commodities for this Wampampeak because we know we can have beaver againe of them for it and these beads are currant in all the parts of New England from one end of the Coast to the other And although some have indevoured by example to have the like made of the same kinde of shels yet none hath ever as yet attained to any perfection in the composure of them but that the Salvages have found a great difference to be in the one ●nd the other and have knowne the counterfett beads ●rom those of their owne making and have and doe light them The skinnes of beasts are sould and bartered to ●uch people as have none of the same kinde in the ●arts where they live Likewise they have earthen potts of divers sizes ●rom a quarte to a gallon 2. or 3. to boyle their viteals in very stronge though they be thin like our ●ron potts They have dainty wooden bowles of maple of ●ighe price amongst them and these are dispersed ●y bartering one with the other and are but in cer●aine parts of the Country made where the severall ●rades are appropriated to the inhabitants of those ●arts onely So likewise at the season of the yeare the Sal●ages that live by the Sea side for trade with the in●anders for fresh water reles curious silver reles ●hich are bought up of such as have them not fre●uent in other places chestnuts and such like usefull things as one place affordeth are sould to the inhabitants of another where they are a novelty accompted amongst the natives of the land and there is no such thing to barter withall as is their Whampampeake CHAP. XIII Of their Magazines or Storehovvses THese people are not without providence though they be uncivilized but are carefull to preserve foede in store against winter which is the corne that they laboure and dresse in the summer And although they eate freely of it whiles it is growinge yet have they a care to keepe a convenient portion thereof to releeve them in the dead of winter like to the Ant and the Bee which they put under ground Their barnes are holes made in the earth that will hold a Hogshead of corne a peece in them In these when their corne is out of the huske and well dried they lay their store in greate baskets which they make of Sparke with matts under about the sides and on the top and putting it into the place made for it they cover it with earth and in this manner it is preserved from destruction or putrifaction to be used in case of necessity and not else And I am perswaded that if they knew the benefit of Salte as they may in time and the meanes to make salte meate fresh againe they would endeaver to preserve fishe for winter as well as corne and that if any thinge bring them to civility it will be the use of Salte to have foode in store which is a cheife benefit in a civilized Commonwealth These people have begunne already to incline to the use of Salte Many of them would begge Salte of mee for to carry home with them that had frequented our howses and had beene acquainted with our Salte meats and Salte I willingly gave them although I sould them all things else onely because they should be delighted with the use there of and thinke it a commodity of no value in it selfe allthough the benefit was great that might be had by the use of it CHAP. XIV Of theire Subtilety THese people are not as some have thought a dull or slender witted people but very ingenious and very subtile I could give maine instances to maintaine mine opinion of them in this But I will onely relate one which is a passage worthy to be observed In the Massachussets bay lived Cheecatawback the Sachem or Sagamore of those territories who had large dominions which hee did appropriate to himselfe Into those parts came a greate company of Salvages from the territories of Narohiganset to the number of 100. persons and in this Sachems Dominions they intended to winter When they went a hunting for turkies they spreade over such a greate scope of ground that a Turkie could hardily escape them Deare they killed up in greate abundance and feasted their bodies very plentifully Beavers they killed by no allowance the skinnes of those they traded away at wassaguscus with my neighboures for corne and such other commodities as they had neede of and my neighboures had a wonderfull great benefit by their being in those parts Yea sometimes like genious fellowes