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A57257 The civill vvarres of England briefly related from His Majesties first setting up his standard 1641, to this present personall hopefull treaty : with the lively effigies and eulogies of the chief commanders ... : together with the distinct appellations, proper motions, and propitious influences of these memorable starres, chronologically related from anno. 1641 to anno. 1648 / collected by John Leycester. Ricraft, Josiah, fl. 1645-1679.; Leycester, John, b. 1598. 1818 (1649) Wing R1428; Wing R1436_PARTIAL; ESTC R15379 77,291 228

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signal exploit was the taking of Carlisle in which he found a seasonable supply of arms and ammunition He freely confessed to Charles I. upon what errors and mistakes he had been corrupted and by whom and pretended so deep a sense of what he had done amiss that it was believed he would have taken a command in the king's army which he declined as it might have been penal to him in Scotland by some clause in the Act of the Pacification but especially upon pretence it would disable him from doing him greater service in that kingdom whither shortly after the standard was set up he repaired with all solemn vows of asserting and improving his Majesty's interest in those parts The earl of Calendar died in October 1672. The hand of God carrying on our brethren of Scotland Carlisle taken York taken The due praise of the noble E. of Stamford Henry lord Grey of Groby married Anne daughter and co-heir of William Cecil earl of Exeter in whose right he was possessed of the castle borough and manor of Stamford whence he took his title He was colonel of a regiment in the parliament army under the earl of Essex and was very active in their service particularly in Herefordshire and Cornwall In the Mercurius Rusticus is an account of his sending captain Kirle to plunder the house of Thomas Swift vicar of Goodwich in the county of Hereford who was supposed to have been plundered oftener than any other person during the civil war He was grandfather of the celebrated dean of St. Patrick's The earl of Stamford died the 21st of August 1673. Religion a cloke for covetousnesse The due praise of the noble E. of Denbigh Basil Fielding son of William Fielding earl of Denbigh was an officer in the parliament army at Edge-hill where his father fought on the part of the king In 1644 he took Russel House in Staffordshire and by that means opened a communication between Coventry and London and afterwards with a small number of men routed three thousand of the king's forces sent to the relief of Dudley Castle which he was then besieging In 1643 he succeeded to the peerage by the death of his father in consequence of several mortal wounds he had received in a hot engagement near Birmingham Upon the new modelling of the army he resigned his commission together with the earls of Essex and Manchester but still continued to act in concert with the republican party The earl of Denbigh was the chief of the commissioners sent to treat with the king in the Isle of Wight and when his majesty was about to deliver to him his answer to the parliament sealed he told him That though they had no authority to treat with him or to do any thing but to receive his answer yet they were not to be looked upon as common messengers and to carry back an answer that they had not seen and upon the matter refused to receive it and said they would return without any except they might see what they carried The king conceiving their return without his answer would be attended with the worst consequences told them that he had some reason for having offered to deliver it to them in that manner but if they would give him their words that the communicating it to them should be attended with no prejudice to him he would open it and cause it to be read and thereupon he opened it and gave it to one to read The earl of Denbigh died November 28 1675. Russell Hall and Oswestree taken The due praise of the right honourable L. Fairfax Ferdinand lord Fairfax at the commencement of the civil war received a commission from the earl of Essex generalissimo for the parliament to command all the forces of Yorkshire and the adjacent counties in chief by which in less time than could be reasonably imagined he was enabled to draw together an army of five or six thousand horse and foot so that York was in danger of falling into the hands of the parliament But the earl of Newcastle marched quickly to its relief and having left a good garrison in Newcastle and fixed such small garrisons in his way as might secure his communication with that port to which all his ammunition was to be brought he entered York and though the lord Fairfax kept Selby and Cawood the earl of Newcastle was absolute master of the field and totally routed Fairfax at Adderton Moor in June 1643 but he and his son sir Thomas gained a complete victory over colonel Bellasyse governor of York at Selby the eleventh of April 1634 for which the parliament ordered a general thanksgiving After sir Thomas Glemham had surrendered York and the earl of Newcastle had retired beyond the seas he succeeded to the government of that city and of the northern counties He died at York March 13 1647-8 The Covenant taken in york-shire Newcastle routed neer Tadcaster Newcastle again routed neer Bradford VVhitby Cawood and Axholm Island taken The due praise the right honourable L. Roberts John lord Roberts had the command of a regiment under the earl of Essex and at Newbury led the parliament forces to the charge with great gallantry and by his courage and conduct routed the royal army He with part of his brigade defended Plymouth against the combined force of the enemy and several times repulsed them to their great loss He was a leading man in the councils of the patriotic junto and had afterward a principal hand in the restoration He had much learning but it was mixed with the pedantry of the time of James I. and was of a morose and splenetic temper He was appointed lord-lieutenant of Ireland by Charles II. in 1669 in a time of confusion when the various claims to the estates in that kingdom was to be adjusted His parts were by no means equal to this government at so critical a juncture as he had a genius rather for starting than solving difficulties He treated the Irish nobility with haughtiness and contempt and was himself treated with much less ceremony than he expected The king found it necessary to remove him from this employment and soon after his return to England appointed him president of the council and created him earl of Radnor He was observed to puzzle business and retard the dispatch of it more than any man that had ever been in the great offices which he enjoyed He died in the year 1685. His daughter Letitia Isabella who was first married to Charles earl of Drogheda was afterward the wife of Mr. Wycherly the dramatic poet The King routed at Newbery sight 15 Garrisons taken in Cornwall The due praise of the right honorable L. Brook Lord Brook was one of those patriots who so ardently longed for liberty that he was determined to seek it in America if he could not find it at home He and lord Say had actually agreed to transport themselves to New England but the sudden turn of affairs prevented their voyage Having
of Essex made Generall of England in the yeere 1641. The Kings forces routed and Worcester taken Edge hill sight Prisoners taken Reading taken Aprill 18. 1643 Glocester relieved Cirencester taken Newbery sight * Alexander Lesley earl of Leven acquired the highest reputation as a soldier under Gustavus Adolphus king of Sweden who appointed him governor of Stralsund which he bravely and vigilantly defended against the Imperialists He was also governor of the cities along the coast of the Baltic and afterward felt-marshall over the army in Westphalia He had the supreme command of the Scottish army when it invaded England and was upon the cessation of arms betwixt the two kingdoms created an earl and about the same time made governor of the castle of Edinburgh He also commanded the army that marched into England in 1644 and which had so considerable a share in the battle of Marston Moor the greatest that was fought during the civil war Soon after the defeat of the royal army at this place general Leven the earl of Manchester and Fairfax with their combined forces sat down before York which presently surrendered upon terms They soon after divided their armies and Leven returning into the North took the rich town of Newcastle Zachary Hamilton preceptor to the Pretender's son told lord Hailes that Lesley was a soldier of fortune and that one day on a march in Scotland he said to an officer There is the house where I went to school How General answered the officer I thought you could not read Pardon me I got the length of the letter G. The due praise of Alexander Lesley Earl of Leven Lesleyes salutation and courting at the Court of England See their Speeches in print Cocket Island taken Ian. 20. 1643. Tinby taken March 19. 1643. Durham and Lomby taken April 14 15 1646. York besieged The battell at Marston-moore York taken Newcastle besieged Newcastle taken Octob. 20. 1644. Carlisle taken Newark taken by the assistance of our brethren of Scotland * The Earl of Warwick who assisted in the king's council was not much wondered at for deserting his royal master whom he had never well served nor did he look upon himself as obliged by that honour which he knew was conferred upon him in the crowd of those whom his majesty had no esteem of or ever proposed to trust so his business was to join with those to whom he was indebted for promotion He was a man of a pleasant and companionable wit and conversation of a universal jollity and such a licence in his words and in his actions that a man of less virtue could not be found so that one might reasonably have believed that a man so qualified would not have been able to have contributed much to the overthrow of a nation and kingdom But with all these faults he had great authority and credit with those people who in the beginning of the troubles did all the mischief and by opening his doors and making his house the rendezvous of all the silenced ministers in the time when there was authority to silence them and spending a good part of his estate of which he was very prodigal upon them and by being present with them at their devotions and making himself merry with them he became the head of that party and got the character of a godly man When the king revoked the earl of Northumberland's commission of admiral he accepted that office from the parliament and never quitted their service and when Cromwell dissolved that parliament he betook himself to the protection of the Protector married his heir to his daughter and lived in so entire a confidence and friendship with him that when the Protector died he exceedingly lamented him The earl of Warwick died April 19 1659 aged 71 and lies buried in Folstead Church Essex He left his estate which before was subject to a vast debt more improved and repaired than any man who trafficked in that desperate commodity of rebellion The due praise of Robert Earl of Warwick The E. of Warwick made high Admirall of England in the yeer 1642. The Navy at Sea secured Portsmouth taken Carmarthen Casurprized by the Earle of Warvvick * Edward earl of Manchester a nobleman of many great and amiable qualities was a zealous and no less able patron of liberty but without enmity to monarchy or the person of the king He was one of the avowed patriots in the house of peers and the only member of that house who was accused by Charles of high-treason together with the five members of the house of commons In the civil war he had the charge of seven of the associated counties and with his usual activity and address raised an army of horse which he commanded in person Soon after he entered upon his command he forced the town of Lynne to submit to the parliament and defeated the earl of Newcastle's army at Horn Castle In 1644 he took Lincoln by storm and had a principal share in the victory at Marston Moor After the battle of Newbury he was suspected of favouring the king's interest was even accused by Cromwell of neglect of duty and by the self-denying ordinance deprived of his commission He had been bred up in the court under the favour of the duke of Buckingham a lady of whose family he had married and had attended upon the prince when he was in Spain was called to the house of peers in the lifetime of his father which was a very extraordinary favour Upon the death of the duke of Buckingham his wife being likewise dead he married the daughter of the earl of Warwick a man in no grace at court and looked upon as the greatest patron of the Puritans because of much the greatest estate of all who favoured them after this second marriage lord Manchester totally estranged himself from the court and entered into all the politics of his father-in-law but at last he heartily concurred in the restoration of Charles the Second who appointed him lordchamberlain of his household He died May 5 1671 aged sixty-nine The due praise of the Earle of Manchester Colours and prisoners taken Horncastle Gainesborough and Lincolne taken York besieged Tickell Shelford and VVelbeck taken The due praise of the Earle of Calendar James Levingston earl of Calendar who descended from the house of Linlithgow was formed as a soldier in the wars of Bohemia Holland Sweden and Germany and acquired a great reputation in his military character He was a gentleman of the bedchamber to Charles I. who created him lord Levingston of Almont in 1633 and earl of Calendar 1641. Upon the eruption of the civil war he took the side of the parliament but afterward attached himself to the king He marched into England soon after the battle of Marston Moor with ten thousand men to assist the earl of Leven in reducing York He was lieutenant-general of the Scots army that attempted to rescue Charles from his confinement in the Isle of Wight His most
reduced Warwickshire to the obedience of the parliament he advanced into Staffordshire On the festival of St. Chad to whom the cathedral of Lichfield is dedicated he ordered his men to storm the adjoining close whither lord Chesterfield had retired with a body of the king's forces but before his orders could be put in execution he received a musket-shot in the eye by the hand of a common soldier of which he instantly died It was the opinion of some of the royalists and especially of the Roman Catholics that the bullet was directed by St. Chad. It is observable that the same man who was by one party looked upon as a monument of divine vengeance was by the other reverenced as a saint Baxter has placed him in heaven together with White Pym and Hampden His death happened in 1643. It was reported that lord Brook in his prayer the morning of his death for he used to pray publicly though his chaplain were in his presence wished that if the cause he was in was not right and just he might presently be cut off The due praise of the honorable L. Willoughby of Parham Lord Willoughby of Parham greatly distinguished himself in taking by storm at midnight the strong garrison of Gainsborough in July 1643 and in it the earl of Kingston and many gentlemen and common soldiers He afterward besieged and took the castle of Bolingbroke with a considerable quantity of arms and ammunition and signalized his courage on many occasions But a little before the restoration of Charles II. he left the parliament and secretly transported himself into Holland and arrived at Rotterdam when colonel Bamford returned from the fleet and went to wait upon the duke of York at the Hague Bamford delivered such a message from the fleet as he thought would hasten the duke's journey thither and told him the seamen made great inquiry after the lord Willoughby and much longed to have him with them insinuating to the duke that he had much contributed to that good disposition in the seamen and was privy to their revolt and had promised speedily to come to them and that it would be the most acceptable thing his highness could do to carry him with him to the fleet and make him his vice-admiral The duke made all imaginable haste to Helvoetsluys and immediately went on board the admiral where he was received with the usual marks of joy and acclamation He declared the lord Willoughby his vice-admiral and appointed some other officers in the several ships and speedily made ready to be out at sea Lord Willoughby accompanied the fleet sent to convey the king from Holland to his native country in 1660. Gainesborough taken * Sir Thomas Fairfax was formed as a soldier under Horatio lord Vere in the Netherlands and was at the taking of Bois le Duc from the Spaniards He was one of the first characters of his time for integrity and military accomplishments but his natural simplicity was so great that he was ever the dupe of Cromwell who had only the appearance of it He was a very useful instrument in the hands of that aspiring man who quickly reaped the fruit of all his victories Sir Horace Vere his master in the art of war was remarkable for doing great things with few men and Fairfax with the loss of few When the parliament determined to carry the war into Scotland Fairfax who had hitherto worn the name of general declared positively that he would not command the army against that country The Presbyterians said It was because he thought the war unlawful in regard it was against those of the same religion but his friends would have it believed that he would no longer fight against the king Hereupon Cromwell was chosen general which made no alteration in the army which he had modelled to his own mind before and commanded as absolutely But in all other places he grew more absolute and more imperious he discountenanced and suppressed the Presbyterians in all places who had been supported by Fairfax Sir Thomas afterward lord Fairfax has written memorials of himself and it is much to be wished that every great general had done the same though he had not like Caesar been equally dexterous at using the pen and the sword He versified the Psalms of David and other parts of Scripture but it is probable that they were never thought worth printing He died Nov. 12 1671 aged sixty The due praise of his Excellency Sir Thomas Fairfax Byron routed at Namptwich Naesby fight Gorings Army routed at Langport Sherborn Castle Bristol taken Hopton routed Exeter Barnstaple Oxford Farringdon and Wallingford taken * Sir William Brereton gave abundant proof of his valour in the time of the civil war He in a sharp skirmish defeated sir Thomas Aston near Nantwich and soon after gave battle to the earl of Northampton in Staffordshire where that gallant and loyal nobleman was unfortunately slain He presently after took the town of Stafford by stratagem and next defeated lord Capel and aided by sir Thomas Fairfax forced lord Byron to raise the siege of Nantwich On the 18th of August 1645 he gained a memorable victory over prince Rupert in Cheshire In November the same year he in a fierce battle totally routed a large party of the king's army in conjunction with all the Welsh forces under the command of sir William Vaughan which composed a body of six thousand men He also took several castles the town of Rippon and the cities of Chester and Lichfield The due praise of Sir William Brereton E. of Northampton slain L. Capel routed The gallant service of Sir W. Brereton Beeston Castle taken Chester Lichfield and Dudley Castle taken * Sir William Waller son of sir Thomas Waller constable of Dover Castle and Margaret daughter of Sampson Lennard lord Dacre served in the Netherlands in the same camp with sir Ralph Hopton and was in the army of the confederate princes against the emperor He was one of the most able and active of the parliament generals and was for a considerable time victorious and therefore called William the Conqueror He was defeated at the battle of Lansdown near Bath and afterward totally routed at Roundway Down near the Devizes Hence with a little variation it was called Runaway Down and continues to be called so to this day Sir Arthur Haslerig's cuirassiers well known by the name of the lobsters were among the fugitives Cleveland says that they turned crabs and went backwards The conqueror's fame sunk considerably from this time but he afterward had the honour of defeating his former fellow-soldier the lord Hopton at Alresford The Presbyterians caused sir William Waller to be named for deputy or lieutenant of Ireland and at first Cromwell did not oppose the motion but consented to it being very willing to be rid both of Waller and all the officers who were willing to go with him who he knew were not his friends But when he saw Waller insist upon great supplies