will alwaies do it chusing rather the good and glorie of the King your Lord and mine and the publike and generall quiet then my owne proper life as this day I meane to manifest to you not minding to doe any thing but that which shall bee sitting for the office of a louer of peace and publike tranquilitie who ought not to omit vnspoken any speech that may bee necessarie for the good and safetie of this countrie and kingdome although with his owne proper blood he should not faile to sustaine and assist it Now considering the present estate and condition into which you are fallen by the secret hatreds which raigne amongst you one towards an other and by the dissentions sprung amongst you and your former Lords by occasion whereof you haue called the Turke to your ayde and haue brought him into this countrie with the ruine not onely of the vulgar people but also of your selues and haue shewed him an open high way for the time to come in a moment to be masters of you he practising towards you that which he did to the Paleologians Comins Buccals and other of the principall of Greece who for their conceiued hatreds thinking by the Turkes ayde wholly to banish and expulse their Emperour did not only ruinate the Empire but also lost their owne goods honours themselues and liues the Turkes being allured with the goodlines and fertilitie of the countrie and faining to fauour or support the discords of one faction or other learning to make war after their maner hauing therewith in such diligent obseruance noted the situation and passages of their countrie that with little labour they thrust in vpon them with such multitude and force that after they had seene their young infants their deare sisters their beloued wiues and kindred to be prayes and slaues enchained their townes burnt and destroyed the countrie harried and the common people made slaues and they forced to flye and seeke other Prouinces to inhabite wherein liuing in calamity they were forced to end their miserable life of Lords to become seruants and of libertie to be in the thraldome of subiection which is the greatest miserie and calamitie of all and surely which in all the world hath not his like being too painfull and intolerable a burthen that a free man fortunate and rich should become a seruant miserable afflicted and begging to satisfie his necessitie All which mischiefes had assuredly happened to you if Gods goodnes and the bountie of the King had not foreseene it opening the eyes of your vnderstanding to remember the passed glorie and renowne which your Kings haue vndoubtedly atchieued by the victories and triumphs obtained against the Turkes Considering I say this your poore state and knowing that you are not ignorant with what abilitie and force I am come hither and how his Maiestie hath sent me with an armie to take care and charge of this Prouince and to succour and assist it in her afflictions and by your friendly ayde to deliuer it out of the hands of Infidels our common enemies I haue esteemed it necessarie to declare vnto you that you ought to sweare fidelitie to Ferdinand your King and Lord with such homage as you are bound to performe and to perswade you that you ought so much the more to settle your selues in his fauour and clemencie who will imbrace you not as his subiects but will place you in his bosome as his naturall and deare children in such affectionate manner that you may say you haue rather gotten a father then a Lord who will not faile to assist you in your necessities nor forsake you in all chances of fortune counting himselfe happie if they be such and on the other side deeming himselfe wretched with you if it should succeede otherwise which God defend it should seeing the fortune of men is variable and more mutable then the waues of the sea and subiect to infinite hazards But he esteeming you as deare as his owne members it behoueth not you therefore to giue any credit to the dissembling promises of Infidels nor to the inticing perswasion of those who little affect your good and lesse your quiet nor by the instigation of those who secretly practiseth your ruine and would separate you from the bodie of which depende the common health and life but rather it is needfull that you vnite and incorporate your selues into one resolute minde and by that meanes valiantly redoubling your forces you may shew your selues such that in opposing your selues couragiously you may bee able to chase out of this kingdome those enemies who violate our Religion dishonour your Churches force your Virgins and with as much possible wickednes as they can imagine defame your wiues and children neuer obseruing any faith After this your manifest and couragious fidelitie it behoueth that you deliberate and consult with me for the publike libertie although it bee a thing that seemeth daungerous to denounce warre against them which being iustly and discreetly managed will promise to vs victorie and immortall glorie with them that shall succeede vs who learning of vs to esteeme honour and glorie more deare then their liues will freely choose rather to die fighting for faith and libertie then to bee as prayes to these inhumane Barbarians liuing in continuall dishonour And if these reasons are not so perswasiue nor yet of that force to moue your courages yet ought they at least to make them tremble by reason of the horrible cruelties you shall receiue when the Turke shall become your Lord for assure your selues you shall not for all that enioy any great content or quiet but euen daily your sorrowes and griefes will be redoubled with great and tedious impositions for that he will not satisfie himselfe with an ordinarie and reasonable tribute but with an absolute commaund hee will take away the dearest of your children forcing them to denie our faith and to forget both the father and mother who haue begotten produced and brought them vp and will nousle them among his Ianisaries to increase by that meanes their wicked and heathenish opinion and ouerthrow and suppresse ours which is grounded vpon the blood of our deare Sauiour Iesus Christ And besides if you haue a fayre yong daughter who is of seemely and well fauoured countenance and enriched and adorned with vertue she shall presently bee taken from you and put into the Serraile to satisfie the vnsatiable lust and incontinencie of this abominable Tyrant who cōtinually will aspire to no other thing then wholly to extirpate and ruinate you and to make you in the end to become his seruants and perpetuall slaues purloyning from you the best of whatsoeuer you haue and the remainder of all which shall be left vnto you by your ancestors neither can you say any thing in defence of your selues nor contradict them which if you do or make any shew of discontent then shal you be straight in present danger of your life Consider by this and
the Emperour that he was a Spie for the Turke In the meane time while they expected newes of him hee saued himselfe at Lippa with Peter Vicchy to whom he was sent Vicchy vnderstanding the decree and the proclamation that was made against him and how they sought him in euery place gaue aduertisement to Castalde that he was arriued at Lippa and that if hee so pleased hee would send him to him but during this message he caused him safely to be conducted with a good guard to Belgrade from whence he tooke the way directly to Constantinople to aduertise the Turke of all which was done in that countrie At the same time the day came that was appointed for the Diet to be held at Colosuar where should haue been all the principall of the kingdome and where as it was determined the Queene should renounce and resigne to Ferdinand the kingdome and acknowledge and approue himselfe King thereof After all the Deputies of those Prouinces and townes were arriued the Queene the 28. of August departed from Sassebesse accompanied with all the Knights and Gentlemen of the countrie and also with Frier George and Castalde the one riding on the right hand the other on the left Two daies after they were departed they arriued at an Abbey distant from Colosuar eight miles where they lodged and there it was concluded betweene them to execute all that which before had been a greed vpon And the beginning of this solemne resignation was by the royall ornaments which were a Crowne made of plates of gold mounting on high in forme of a high crowned hat inriched with stones and pearles and hauing a little crosse of gold on the top The next was a Scepter of Iuorie garnished with gold and a Mantle of cloath of gold after the ancient habite in manner of a Vestment beset with many stones but of small value A gowne and a payre of shooes of gold which in respect of the worke were like to those made for the Apostolike Sea Among all those Iewels the Frier demanded of the Queene that she would commit the Crowne into his custodie and keeping Which request she absolutely denyed him saying that she would neuer giue her consent that a Frier should bee King of that kingdome whereof she dispossessed her sonne but she would that they should bee conueied to him to whom in right that Prouince belonged And causing them to bee brought before them all she tooke the Crowne in her hand in the presence of the Frier and many great personages and after great effusion of teares from her owne eyes and from her yong sonne who was present at the whole action turning her selfe towards Castalde sayd in Italian such or the like speeches Although inconstant Fortune following her cruell alterations cutting off and confounding at her pleasure the affayres of this world hath in such sort subuerted mine that now both my sonne and my selfe are forced to forsake this kingdome this Crowne and all these other royall ornaments which in times past were belonging to my deare Lord and spouse King Iohn of most happie memorie but now vnhappie that wee bee and to resigne into the hands and protection of others yet notwithstanding she shall not for all this hinder me but that at the least in my troubles and anguishes I may take this onely contentment seeing them to fall into the hands of a Prince who is not only a Christian but also so puissant and benigne as is the King of the Romanes whom I repute for my Lord and father who also shal know with what zeale and affection they are giuen him and whom by our good liking we reestablish in this State praying God that he may enioy it with greater tranquilitie and longer time then we haue done And thus Seigneur Iohn Baptista Castalde I present them into your hands with intent of my part they may bee sent to his Maiestie giuing him to vnderstand that wee yeeld him not this kingdome and Crowne vnder the bond of any condition or couenant whatsoeuer but freely And we my selfe and my sonne cast our selues into his mercifull armes with all our fortune beseeching him he would haue regard of our miserable destinie which besides that wee are Christians hath caused vs to spring of royall and princely blood And that it would please him following his accustomed bountie which maketh him beloued of all the world to receiue and account of vs for his children and not denie vs the reliefe fauour and protection which wee hope and expect from him and which you your selfe many times in his name haue promised vs. After these speeches of the Queene her sonne being yet but young and knowing notwithstanding how greatly it imported him to see himselfe depriued of his estate and of that wherwith his father sometimes was crowned making some resistance he shewed to the Queene his mother the little contentment which he conceiued of this surrender and appartly manifested that he would not consent thereto But the Queene turning her selfe towards him sayd Since O Iohn my deare and tender sonne that I know thy fortune and mine is not sufficient and able to defend this kingdome without the ayde and helpe of others by occasion of the great number of those who either by enuie or of some certaine malice or by some wicked disposition make themselues masters of others continually searching with the losse of the same our ruine and destruction Thou oughtest not to conceiue ill thereof if hauing a care rather to publike good then to our particular profit which wee cannot maintaine against the Turkes power who by the daily prouocation of our enemies doth molest vs and in a manner depriue vs of all Therefore in the middest of so many assaults of miserie which fortune hath bequeathed vs I haue chosen this to be the best meanes to giue and resigne this kingdome to the King of the Romanes who will defend and deliuer it from the Turkes violent attempts and who in recompence will assigne thee such estates as he hath promised me for the renouncing which I haue made to him to the end that thou maist at the least yet liue as a great Prince if thou canst not liue like a King and I haue the rather yeelded to this as not minding with common losse to bee obstinate in warre and to leaue and omit the certaine for the incertaintie in the disposition of Fortune considering also the inconstancie and mutabilitie of her tickle gouernment which is accustomed rashly to rule and gouerne Kings houses which are fallen in disgrace and contempt with the world who oftentimes imprudently and without thinking thereon suddenly doth depriue them of their kingdomes and sendeth them into perpetuall exile Therefore that on my part I may not behold such infelicitie and not to fall into such an indignitie and miserie being forsaken of all ayde and helpe with the losse of the kingdome I am easily perswaded with a comfortable hope to reserue thee
leaue to their posteritie some faire and large memoriall within the which they may with more facilitie and pleasure behold the good which accompanied vertue and the euill which vice bringeth with it Now following in this their footsteps for the reasons which I haue before alleadged I doe with an intyre deuotion present to the Common-weale this lamentable historie collected out of the records of Broderic the Chauncellor of Hungarie and out of the memorials of Castalde Lieutenant vnto Ferdinand in the same countrie and of sundrie other writers LEwis the second of that name King of Hungarie and Bohemia the sonne of Vladislaus and of Anne of Candale who came out of France after he had lost his father in his noneage and his mother at his birth was now one and twentie yeares of age in the yeare of our Lord 1526. when Soliman Emperour of the Turkes inuaded Hungarie with a great and puisant armie He a little before his father dyed was betrothed to Marie sister to the Emperour Charles and Ferdinand Archduke of Austria whom he afterward maried being come to yeares of discretion giuing at the same time his sister Anne in mariage to Ferdinand Lewis was a comely young Prince tall and well formed excelling any of his age hauing a singular and naturall bountie and adorned with so many goodly vertues that certainely he had proued a most excellent Prince if he had liued but a longer time He was of a sweete and milde spirite not any thing crooked or wayward easilie drawne to all things which were honest and iust being thereto naturally inclined of himselfe He was greatly delighted in managing of Horses and to beare armes to hunt and all other exercises worthie and commendable in a young man In his words he was true and iust and no way variable or inconstant neither would he disclose any thing which had been imparted to him in secret Notwithstanding all these goodly vertues he was in contempt and dislike among the greatest of his court who abusing his young yeares did pill and spoyle his estate whilest they liued in all excessiue lust and pleasure At that time the dignitie and honour of Counte Palatine which is the chiefe among the seculars next to his royall Maiestie was in the possession of Stephen Battor sonne of Andrew Battor and nephew to Stephen Battor who immediately before him possessed the same dignitie and gouerned Transiluania with his great honour vnder King Mathias Iohn Zapoly Counte of Sepusa who afterward was King of Hungarie gouerned then Transiluania hauing in his possession great store of wealth to be diuided with his brother George which they had gotten by the death and succession of Stephen their father He had in such sort procured the fauour and good will of all the Nobles and States of that countrie that euen from his youth euery one set their eye vpon him as the right inheritour of that kingdome if it so happened that for want of lawfull heyres it should be vacant Stephen commaunded in great Walachia which is named Moldauia and among the Turkes Carabogdania and Raoul gouerned the lesse Walachia otherwise named Transalpina both the one and the other neuerthelesse being subiect to the kingdome of Hungarie Francis Bathian well esteemed of the King in respect of his continuall and faithfull seruice from his youth was Ban of Dalmatia Croatia and Slauonia which three Prouinces were altogether gouerned by this onely dignitie which dignitie we otherwise tearme Admiraltie although now this word Ban may properly be applied to all gouernours established in euery Prouince that is of late added to this kingdome The low Marches and the fortresse of Themeshwar were vnder the defence and gouernement of Peter Peren who with the Counte of Sepusa did keepe the royall Crowne which was left vnto him by Emeric Peren his father Paul Tomoree a gray Friar and Archbishop of Colocense commaunded Sirmia and all that circuite which is betweene the riuers of Sauus Drauus and Danubius This Archbishop was a great personage and of like esteeme and one who before he tooke vpon him the habite of Saint Frauncis had made sufficient proofe of his vertue in many exploits valiantly many times fighting against the enemie The Archbishopricke of Colocense being vacant and the possessions and profits thereof hauing no lesse neede of a good defender then of a Pastor and dispenser of sacred and holy things for the late losse of the towne and fortresse of Belgrade in a publike assemblie of the kingdome it was by euery one importuned that Tomoree should be forced if he would not otherwise out of his Monasterie and by the authoritie and commaunde of the Pope should take the charge of this Church and defend the goods and reuenewes thereof This man resisted along time their perswasions but in the end he was constrained to obey the Kings pleasure with the rest of the kingdome and he behaued himselfe so wisely and valiantly in this charge in euery mans iudgement yea euen of those which hated him as excellent vertue is neuer without enuie that he forgat nothing which appertained to a good and aduised Chiefetaine and executed no more then was seeming the pietie of a religious man and a godly Bishop not any thing changing from the austeritie of his first life neither in person nor in any other thing Counte Christopher of Francapine being certaine moneths before drawne to the seruice of the Realme with faire promises whereupon they had caused him to forsake the Courte of the Archduke Ferdinand in steede of receiuing some preferment according to their promises in the ende was rewarded with a great iniurie and returned againe vnto Ferdinand Stephen Broderic borne in that part of high Panonia which some particularly call Slauonia after he had been Embassadour for the King to the Popes holines and had a few moneths before been created Chauncelor had more affection to a zealous life then to earthly things Alexis Thurson a man greatly abounding in wealth according to common opinion was Treasurer and had in former time executed this office very diligently The Castles of Poson and Buda were in the custodie of Iohn Bornemissa who had so great authoritie with the King that he could incline his will to which side he would because he had the gouernement of him from his cradle He was also very well esteemed of euery one as well for his reuerend olde age as for the seueritie which was seene in him accompanied with great bountie and for the fidelitie which he bare towards his King Beholde here these were they who then managed the greatest places of the kingdome The other Prelates and Barons gaue themselues euery one to their priuate affaires except Lasdilas Salcane Archbishop of Strigonium Metropolitane of the kingdome and great Chaunceler who whether he was not able to execute that office any longer or whether he had a desire to passe the remainder
doubt in the mindes of the barbarous Turkes she would not faile but send him offering to accompanie him himselfe and to bring him backe againe safe and sound By such speeches the Queene was somewhat appeased and caused her sonne to be richly apparelled as beseemed the maiestie of a King and sent him in a faire Coach richly gilt hauing with him his Nurse and certaine Ladies and in this equipage she sent him accompanied with all those who had receiued presents from the Turke He approaching nigh the Turkes Campe certaine troupes of horse in excellent good order and followed of many bands of Ianifaries were sent before to meete him and doe him all honour and he was placed in the middest of them and conducted with this pompe to Solyman who with all lenitie and curtesie friendly receiued him as a Vassall of his house and sonne of a King which had been his great friend being also willing that his children Selim and Baiazet borne of Rosa his wife should doe him the like honour These two children onely were in the Campe with their father Mustafa his eldest sonne and borne of Cercassa his first wife was then sent into Amasia vpon the frontiers of Persia by the subtiltie of the said Rosa who aspired to exalt her owne children and debase and suppresse the other Solyman hauing curteously entertained this childe and making shew to him of all possible good will commaunded the Bashaes to inuite all the Hungarish Lords to dine with them and that they should prepare a bountiful banquet furnished with all sorts of daintie cates Afterward he commaunded certaine Captaines that during this feast they should faine themselues to goe and see the towne of Buda and also finde the meanes to seize thereon without any bruite or tumult making shew that as some entered others should come forth to the end that the Budians might not distrust this matter which was wisely performed For many entered by troupes by the Port of Sabatia with semblance onely as though they had been strangers desirous to be hold nouelties and the singularitie of a towne but few came forth and many of them remained within in so much that for one of them that came out there entered seuen And by this policie when they thought themselues of sufficient number they suddenly forced the guard of that Port who nothing distrusting such a treacherie were content to yeeld and these being seized thereof they gaue thereby enterance to a good troupe of souldiours who were not farre from thence ambushed attending the issue thereof They being now masters of the towne they presently passed to the place and Palace of the King and the Captaine of the Ianifaries made proclamation through the towne that none should come out of his house but that euery one should peaceably stay therein and that if the citizens would liue in quiet they should render vp their armes into his custodie which was presently done and in token of their fidelitie euery citizen tooke a Turke into his house to lodge and they all carried themselues so mildly that it seemed there was neuer enemie entered into the towne nor any Turke whosoeuer durst giue his host a foule word Solyman vnderstanding that Buda was taken and all things quiet therein although it was almost night sent the Queene her sonne againe retaining with him all those Princes and Lords who accompanied the King namely Frier George Bishop of Varadin Peter Vicchy neere kinsman to King Iohn and one whom the Queene greatly respected Batian Vrbain Gouernour of Buda Stephen Verbetz great Chauncellor of Hungarie and Valentine Turky Lieutenant generall of the Kings armie with many other The Queene seeing by this craft and deceit her towne taken and those great personages who accompanied her sonne to bee detained prisoners by those of whom she thought to finde ayde and comfort knew not for the present what to do being as much as was possible surprised with a feare of the worst with a certaine griefe which happened by such an vnexpected aduersitie she duly considering of these premises fearing least the rest should also be taken away frō her writ very humble and submissiue letters to Solyman instantly requesting him not to violate or offer iniurie to the fidelitie which she had reposed in him which he confirmed vnto her by many his Letters patents and that in like sort he would be mindful of his accustomed clemencie and magnanimitie on the behalfe of his childe who of his owne accord made himselfe the friend and Vassall of his house and that it would please him to release those Lords which he detained as prisoners who had so well serued and defended her during the passed warres considering that vpon his faith and royall promise she had sent them with her sonne This letter being sent was sufficient to mollifie the outragious furie of the Turke who vpon the receipt thereof held a Councell to consult thereupon And opinions were different and did not agree together Mahomet Gouernour of Belgrade with many other would that all those Lords that were prisoners should be beheaded and that they should send the Queene and her sonne to Constantinople that hee should place a Basha in Buda with a good and strong garrison to gouerne and defend it against the assaults of the Christians On the other side Rostan Basha vnto whom the Queene had sent rich presents refuted the opinion of Mahomet and of his adherents saying that if Solyman followed their aduice he would greatly blemish the reputation of his renowne and that his faith and promise would not bee any whit at all esteemed among other nations when they should so apparantly see that it was not obserued especially to those vnto whom at their owne requests and intreaties he had giuen it for ayde and succour and that the example of Buda considered neuer any would afterwards call him to succour them fearing that the like surpise would happen to them and therefore he thought it better to suffer the Queene to enioy her state in peace with some augmentation of tribute and by that meanes he should auoyde the infamie of infidelity whereinto euery one of them should fall with euerlasting ignomie By meanes of such diuersitie of opinions the Bashaes could not agree Solyman not determined of any resolution dissolued the Councel seeing the time was come wherein according to his law he should offer sacrifice to God which was the 30. of August and to that end he sent into Buda his Priests to consecrate for him the great Church according to the Mahometaine manner And they ouerthrew all the Aulters and pulled downe all the Images clensing and hallowing the Church after their custome That being done Solyman with his Sacrificers entered into the towne taking therevpon occasion to dismisse the Councell and would not execute any thing concerning that which his Bashes had counselled him vnto But taking a more milde and pleasing course hee gaue notice to the Queene that
Transiluania vnder the Turks gouernment also willing him that in the meane while he would send such a man as might bee capable and haue authoritie to manage such affayres because it might so fall out that that which he had often desired might be effected to wit that Queene Izabella should wholly and intirely yeeld to him the possession of that kingdome but with this condition to obserue such couenants as he had before offered and concluded with King Iohn which if he did execute and performe then he did not onely promise but also liberally offer giuing him quiet possession of all the places and Fortresses which were in his gouernment to vse such meanes that he should be thereof absolute Lord and King and swearing not to faile him in this he greatly importuned him that he should quickly resolue Now Ferdinand although he knew well the mutabilitie of the Friers disposition and that he might not repose any great credence in his words well remembring how many times before he had cunningly deceiued him and that he apparantly saw that he was not moued to doe him so good a deede for that purpose which he propounded vnto him but only for his owne priuate interest and commoditie and that hee might mount to the top of that which he alreadie had imprinted in his circumuenting braine and execute his deseignes neuerthelesse seeing on the other side if he did not take hold and credit his words hee should let him slide out of his hands in respect whereof he would by no meanes contradict him especially holding it alwaies for a thing commendable in himselfe not to bee reproached nor blamed of any for not doing his vttermost abilitie which belonged to a true and Christian King to hinder and withstand that the kingdome should not come vnder the Turks gouernment and that they should not report of him that by his fault or negligence he should leaue the ports open to Infidels and bring into seruitude not only Austria and the rest of Hungarie but also ruinate and burne Germanie with other Prouinces Thus vpon these considerations he tooke vpon him the charge of this honourable and godly enterprise and respecting not the inconstancie of Frier George but the trauaile and perill which might circumuent him if he deferred time presently sent to the Frier 1000. Hungarish horse payed for foure moneths and certaine peeces of Artillerie to maintaine and defend himself vntill he might send him such a man with a puissant armie as he demanded assuring him that there should bee no fault nor want of any thing which before he had promised and offered willing him to perseuer in his good opinion which he had manifested to the world Behold now the state wherein this poore and miserable Transiluania was which as a man may plainly perceiue from the death of King Lewis vntill now was tormented with so many discords ciuill warres and assaults that it was ruthfull for any Christian to behold seeing of the one side the Turke and on the other side Ferdinand and the Lords themselues of the countrie bandying themselues with one and then against the other continually practised al manner of crueltie in it vsing against it such rigour and violence that oftentimes one would iudge it to be almost lost and quite ouerthrowne by her owne euill misfortune not counting the great losses and damages which she receiued in euery vaine and corner as well in the fauour and behalfe of Iohn as in that of Ferdinand as it oftentimes happeneth in such broyles where surely the fauour that men beare to the victorious is no lesse hurtfull and offensiue to either part then the disgrace into which he vanquished falleth because that neither the one nor the other receiueth any thing but with the losse and damage of the very inhabitants and naturals of the countrie Ferdinand with a resolute determination willing to prepare a remedie for so many mischiefes and to vnfold and vntagle himselfe from those who had been the cause thereof and not to omit the occasion which fortune so fauourably presented vnto him for the conquest of that kingdome which iustly by succession by election and by an agreement appertained to him determined to vndertake this enterprise and therein to employ his vttermost endeuour with all his skill and force And for that this expedition required a man that should bee very wise and circumspect and one who had good experience in martiall affayres and who should be vigilant and warie in resisting and apposing himselfe against the Turkish ambushments and be able to auoyde and preuent them as occasion should require and such an one also as should be able to behaue himselfe with that circumspect modestie in this busines with the Frier that he should giue him no occasion of any new inuention to practise his inconstant wickednes And besides seeing that at that time he had none such with him as the Frier demaunded he determined to write to his brother the Emperour Charles the fift that it would please him to assist and not to faile him in this so important busines and withall to send him so sufficient a man who could with good discretion conduct this warre to a glorious and happie end as he desired well knowing he had many a famous and renowned Captaine with him He hauing resolued vpon this conclusion dispatched one of his gentlemen with letters and besides commaunded his Ambassadour who was at Auspurg at the Emperours Court that he should throughly acquaint him with the discourse of this warre and whatsoeuer else should be giuen him in charge The Ambassadour as soone as the genleman was arriued diligently performed his Masters commaund The Emperour vnderstanding at large this enterprise and considering of what importance this warre was of and regarding the distrust which he had of Frederick Duke of Saxon and of Philip Lantgraue of Hesse whom as yet he held prisoners he could not of a sudden so well determine what to doe not willing to forsake those Commaunders whom he knew in all stirrings and tumults to be necessarie for him and further vnderstanding of certaine motions of warre that Henry King of France intended against him and besides the dislike of Duke Maurice whom he had in great ielousie for that he would not deliuer his father in law obseruing the promise which he had made to him before which was a thing that within short time after as in place conuenient wee shall at large more speake of procured him such hate and toyle as neuer in all his life time he endured the like Hauing well considered and weighed all these things and willing to helpe his brother in his necessitie specially against the Infidels determined in the end to send to him Iohn Baptiste Castalde Counte of Piadene whom he a little before created Marquesse of Cassan and who at that time was Master of his Campe and of the Councell for warre a man sufficiently experienced in all the former warres vnder the old Marquesse of
not knowne my braue and valiant souldiours that your spirit and courage desireth rather the glorie and renowne of God then your own proper safeties I would neuer haue ventured my selfe thus farre vnder your affiance and valour And for that I well know the renowne and fame of your predecessors who haue obtained in this countrie so many victories will stirre vp in you my louing companions courage to follow their steps and honourable endeuours and that the memorie of their exploites and glorious acts may be as preuailent in you as they haue been in your predecessors in cōsidering the things which may now eternise you I doubt not at any hand but you will cause your valiantnes and vertues to appeare through the world and specially in these quarters where we may see more store of enemies then friends and where in respect of the common enemie we must with the edge of the sworde make our passage being now in a Prouince which wee haue neuer seene nor sought after where is no great suretie to repose any confidence where it is a noueltie to see a new kingdome erected and where infinit daungers doe abound necessitie forceth and the warres which now alreadie are prepared against the Infidels threatneth vs which are motiues albeit they seeme very fearfull of which wee ought to make our benefit to cause our prudence wisedome and dexteritie of spirit to bee knowne which are vertues more desired then any other in that thereby men shall see the boldnes and courage of you my louing souldiours and the faith and end of that inuiolable oth which we all haue made to our King Behold we are here vpon Tibiscus the passage whereof should cause vs all to reioyce wee our selues being now out of Italic you out of Spaine and the other forth of Germanie not to follow corporall and effeminate pleasures which make a man weake sickly effeminate tender and bleakish but to aspire to honour riches and victorie and to haue the reward of our honourable deedes such as shall bee yeelded to vs by prosperous fortune which I doubt not but it will bee such towards vs that ofterrestriall men it will make vs celestiall and sound in the ayre so honourable a bruite of our worthie names that neither time nor death shall obscure nor rake it vp in obliuion but wee shall liue time out of memorie yea eternally And for that wee are now to deale with people who are diuerse from our customes and manner of liuing of whom it behoueth vs to winne their loue and liking by policie and discretion and to whom to the end our manner of life and estate ought to bee an example and myrrour it seemeth to me not to be vnfitting or vnworthie but rather necessarie and commendable discoursing of this with you and reducing the whole to the first glorie of true Militarie discipline to aduertise you that after we haue passed this riuer and begun to enter into the countrie which by vs in the name of our King ought to be defended and conquered to draw the hearts of the inhabitants which are diuided into three Prouinces namely the Sicilians Saxons and Subalpinians to our deuotion will and friendship we must bee with all of them very modest temperate and quiet and must banish auarice despise voluptuousnes and contemne the pleasures of the body and aboue all must flye all idlenes which how hurtfull it is to an armie and how many euils it bringeth with it you sufficiently conceiue Besides we must auoide robberies preserue the honour of women respect ancient persons haue care of poore children to liue amongst your selues as obseruers of true religion to fauour the friends thereof and pursue the enemies and thinke that wee being in a strange countrie and in another mans house to doe but that which you would doe at home wee seeing by experience that euery beast though neuer so little being in his denne becommeth as a Lyon in defending himselfe from the iniurie and oppression which is offered him and iudging thereby how much more they ought and will become couragious and hardie in their owne houses if they see or feele themselues outraged by vs. Besides ye ought in all your actions to haue God alwaies before your eyes for the loue and honour of whom we ought to expose our bodies and liues and thereby manifesting our selues meeke and curteous one to another and towards our enemies fierce bold horrible fearfull prompt and hardie to cause others to know that wee are couragious without feare wise and full of vnderstanding that by such meanes you may alwaies haue together with health a high way to vertue set open before you and that euery one of you may with me carrie into his countrie renowne and eternall memorie not refusing any paine or trauaile for that no wearines nor any incommodities or crosses can or ought euer to enter into such vigilant or heroicall spirits whereby to darken or deface the desire and earnest affection which proceedeth from true honour and glorie and specially I being with you not as a Commaunder amongst you but as a father brother and companion as well in aduersitie as in prosperitie And to the end you may assure your selues that it is true which I haue said my selfe will be the first that will passe ouer this water and will not refuse the first danger that may befall me to the end that by this example euery one of you may learne rather to esteeme honour and reputation then his owne proper life and preferre an honourable death before a vile and dishonest life Hauing thus ended his speech he presently passed to the other side of the riuer causing also the rest of his armie to follow which was eight daies in passing in respect of the largenes of the riuer After they were all beyond the water they continually marched in battaile vntill they came to Debrezen a small towne of no great strength where they found Andrew Battor and Thomas Nadasdy who were the greatest and richest Lords of Hungarie and such who alreadie had obtained great reputation through the whole countrie One of them was Generall of the Hungarish Caualarie and great Comissarie and the other was Lieutenant generall These two were in this towne with 500. horse to receiue Castalde and to conduct him into Transiluania according to the meanes and experiences which they had in that kingdome Castalde knowing that they would at their entrance into the towne obserue and note what number his armie might be of commaunded the Sergeant Maior and Campe master that they should presently cause the armie to march in the best order and forme they could and so that it might seeme hee had more men then in trueth hee had This presently was done with such dexteritie and iudgement that those Lords esteemed the armie to be of farre greater number then indeed it was and seeing all the souldiours well ordered and marching with a graue and settled countenance they
to a perpetuall and quiet repose with a lesse estate and condition and to take thee out from so many troubles amongst the which I doe not yet despayre that for a kingdome which thou doest now leaue it may bee in his power that taketh it from thee to giue thee another and happely of greater commaund Let it not seeme strange to thee to leaue this kingdome wherein thou wert borne and nourished being a thing which happeneth to many but bee assured that by the fauour and dignitie of vertue a noble courage shall neuer be so much reiected of fortune that he shall want any States or kingdoms Therefore for the deliuerie of the poore people which are afflicted and destroyed by our warres for common repose and for the preseruation of our faith thou oughtest not to withstand or gainsay it but confirming all that which for thy good I haue yeelded vnto consent that these princely ornaments bee sent to his Maiestie And although I haue good cause to mourne in giuing ouer this Mantle this Scepter and chiefly this royall Crowne which not long since adorned thy fathers head and which also should haue been set vpon thine yet shall I not for all that faile but greatly comfort my selfe since they fall into the puissantnes of a King who will embrace thee as his owne person and maintaine thee against those enemies who secretly in respect of the alienation of thy estate will now rest satisfied and who it may bee in time to come would notwithstanding thinke themselues but little eased thereby receiuing at the least from God in another world besides iust punishment that chastisement which they receiued not here euen as notwithstanding they had well deserued by their iniquities and wicked trecheries Therefore whilest we are floting in the middest of this turbulent sea it is requisite we saile with aduised patience as fortune will appoint the winde and conforme our selues to Gods omnipotent pleasure since that there is no felicitie durable to mortall men nor any kingdome nor principalitie permanent Hauing ended these penitrating speeches which were of that efficacie to haue mollified a stonie heart and could not be spoken without being interrupted with many deepe and lamentable sighs great comisseration and teares of those who were present and especially of Frier George she gaue the Crowne and the other ornaments to Castalde who kindly and with good words gaue her infinite thankes as well for the good will he perceiued in her as also for the magnanimitie which she had declared and for the bountifull liberalitie by which she did giue vnto Ferdinand this Crowne and the absolute entering into this kingdome And applying comforts to her aduersities he perswaded her not to attribute the renounciation of this kingdome to her misfortune since she could by no meanes properly say that she lost it leauing it to Ferdinand whom she drew and bound to be a continuall friend and father vnto her who would neuer forsake nor leaue her in all her needfull affayres and incouraging her the more hee assured her that he would intirely and religiously keepe it for him and that he would performe to the vttermost all whatsoeuer he had promised her And with this doubtfull hope the poore afflicted Queene departed to goe towards Colosuar Castalde hauing in this manner receiued the Crowne caused it to be carefully kept being aboue all things by the Kings of Hungarie highly esteemed in respect of the vulgar opinion which is held thereof in that countrie the report being that an Angell brought it from heauen to S. Ladislas King of Hungarie and that the King which doth not possesse it cannot bee the true nor lawfull King nor iuridially gouerne the people nor execute iustice to them Men doe yet say further that if by chance this Crowne should by some casualtie be lost and found by any whosoeuer although hee were the poorest in the world presently without any other triall he should be created King and they should sweare fealtie and homage to him as to their lawfull and vndoubted King But whether this be true or no I know not yet vpon this opinion the Turkes haue a speciall desire to get it within the compasse of their custodie as also Frier George had All the Gentlemen and Lords who were present at the deliuerie of this Crowne iudged that which the Queene had done was of no small importance esteeming the validitie of the Crown to be of equall price with the kingdome it selfe For this respect Castalde caused it continually to bee kept in his chamber with great vigilancie vntill with a good conuoy he sent it to Ferdinand by the Lord Iohn Alpohnse Castalde Pescaire his nephew The Queene being arriued at Colosuar Castalde also arriued there within a while after where he remained certaine daies attending those who should be there and that were called to the Diet to know what their affection was to the King of the Romanes and to confirme them in their good deuotion and to satisfie the Queene of that which was promised her to appease all the tumults which was amongst them and to incite them to take armes against the Turke and chase them from those parts vnderstanding they would once againe attempt to enter thereinto And after they were all arriued and assembled together Castalde acquainted them with all the passed proceedings whereof euery one was well contented And if peraduenture there were some yea and of the chiefest to whom it seemed not good what the Queene had done yet durst they not make shew to the contrarie for that Ferdinands part was then the strongest And thus they all with one accord did sweare fealtie to his Maiestie manifesting great ioy to see themselues returned vnder the gouernment of their natural Lord and King to whom of right that kingdome belonged And although Castalde discouered the affections of many who rather inclined to the amitie and league of the Turke then to that of the King yet faining notwithstanding to reduce and bring all to his deuotion and to shew them the inconuenience of the amitie and friendship of the Turke and how hurtfull and preiudiciall it would bee to them with a speech as eloquent as his countenance and cariage was graue hee vsed to them this oration I haue alwaies esteemed it Lords and chiefe Commanders of this kingdome to be a thing very conuenient and necessary not to speake at any time for any grace or friendship which we haue purchased from other men nor for the fauour which wee haue or hope to receiue from them nor for any instinct which we haue towards any but only sincerely to explaine and declare what we take to bee good and praise worthie as well for the particular as publike benefit and not at any time to perswade any thing which is not both reasonable iust and holy as well before God as men which I for mine owne part haue practised as much as hath bin possible for me and by Gods assistance
by vs in this warre and no doubt he will let vs possesse this tranquiltie and peace which is so vehemently desired of euery one Therefore I earnestly desire you that well considering of my words you would follow my counsell and imbrace this my good intention which is sincerely spoken for the publike good and that you would not through any ambition seeke to put Oliman and his people to death or retaine them prisoners because that when you haue put them all to the sword yet can you not cleere your selues neither of hate nor further trauaile considering that the Grand Seigniour hath no want of other men and forces hauing fifteene miles from hence more then 40000. men readie to reuenge their deaths and as I am certainly informed by a friend which euen at this time is come to me from their Campe that the Belerbey and Basha of Buda will within a short time come to assaile vs which if it proueth to be so what then shall become of vs what hope of kindnes can we expect hauing not vsed any curtesie towards their people Therefore we iudge it better for vs not to bee found besieging of them knowing this that besides all kinde of horrible and cruell death they will reuenge vpon our heads and deare friends their mens blood which we haue shed We may auoyde and suppresse these cruelties by our clemencie and milde proceedings and may thereby make him of an enemie to become gentle tractable and gratious there being not in this world any glorie more extolled and recommended then that which is gotten in hauing compassion of an enemie who feeleth himselfe reduced to the extreamitie of his honour and life neither is there any magnanimitie more illustrious then to pardon those whose liues are in the victors power to dispose of At these speeches of the Frier Gastalde as the chiefe and principall man among them made this effectuall replie It was not needfull that you most reuerend Sir should haue sent not few moneths since to the Emperour Charles the 5. to promise him vpon your faith that you would alwaies be as well fauourable to the Christians as on the other side a cruell and mortall enemie to the Turkes neither was it in like sort necessarie that you should desire Ferdinand King of the Romanes to send you succours and deliuer this kingdome of Transiluania from the tyrannicall oppression of the common enemie if you would haue vsed these courses which now with a dishonourable reputation I see you practise And although that Ferdinand did not any thing doubt of your inconstancie hauing before too truly had experience thereof yet neuerthelesse not taking regard to this your sudden alteration he was willing to assemble this armie together and against the opinion counsell of many to send it to your ayd And this force hath been such that not onely it hath holpen this kingdome and you your selues from the tyrannie of Infidels but also it hath recouered a great part of the countrie which by force and treacherie was vsurped by them Now what occasion moueth you being victorious and hauing put your enemies to flight wittingly to bring your selues into thraldome and with shame procure that wee and all you the rest should bee subiect to those which wee now detaine prisoners and are constrained to yeeld themselues to our discretion and to intreate vs that we should recommend our selues to him who is the capitall enemie not onely of our libertie but also of our holy and inuiolable faith and to manifest so great cowardlines by fearefull words to those who to our great glorie manifesting our couragious hearts we haue ouercome and tamed and especially at this time who as it were quite cast away betake themselues to such infamous compositions that they shew themselues vnworthie of life as assuredly they would esteeme of you if you had bin vanquished by them manifesting thereby that they are not worthie to be heard of so noble and honourable personages as these Lords here present and all these nations which are about vs who not long since for their countrie honour life libertie and freedome from so horrible captiuitie haue shed so much blood that Marosse ranne coloured of another hew What should auaile this famous reputation which with so many trauailes so many hazards and with the death of so many valiant persons hath been atchieued if now by a cowardly composition you would let it be lost Doe you not see that in yeelding to those who are you prisoners you will wholly lose your boldnes hereafter to dare the enemie to the fight neither shall you bee able at any time to make warre vpon them for that they will alwaies presume to hold you in so great subiection and little esteeme that tenne of them will not feare to assaile an hundred of you in which you will the rather assure them in respect of your fearfulnes and so the conclusion will be that of vanquishers you are like to become vanquished I would gladly know what doth incite and incourage souldiours if it be not glorie and reputation and to gaine therewith by their trauaile and industrie honour renowne and recompence And now that with great admiration you haue atchieued it and brought to happie end this warre would you with your great shame and losse leaue to the enemie this triumphant victorie and reputed fame which in euery place will raise you vp to the heape of all honour and praise What will the Christians mutter among themselues if not but that you haue been fearefull to see the Turkes in your power and that you rather haue fled away then had the courage to detaine them prisoners Doe you not thinke you Hungarians Saxons and Sicilians that the palme of victorie shall be giuen to the Spanyards Germanes and Bohemians and that in stead hereof you shall be noted of infamie suffering so shamefully the enemie to depart and to haue accepted of so cowardly a composition which they demaund of you cleerely thereby manifesting to euery one the feare which you conceiue of him Alas my Lords remember your fathers children brothers and kindred who haue been miserably slaine or fastned in chaines by these Turkes and thinke vpon your wiues which not without your great dishonor haue been violently carried away and rauished by those whom you now hold in your seruitude and if for the premised causes you will not vse to them the rigour of iustice eitherin killing or detaining them prisoners as at this present they hold your children brothers and friends yet at the least make them acknowledge that their liues liberties their armes horses and Ensignes are at your mercie and dispose which if you will needes graunt them these things yet let them acknowledge by speciall grace and fauour to haue receiued them of you and not by a forced constraint or by some certaine feare And neuer respect any false or fained aduertisements nor threats which are bruted of the Bashaes and Belerbeys comming for that he
this matter was ended and the absolution for them all was sent to Vienna Which was not performed but with Ferdinands great content who vntill then was prohibited to heare Masse and all other diuine seruice yea and he was forbidden to enter into the Church During this season there happened a thing which I will not forget to make recitall of although it doth somewhat estrange it selfe frō the subiect of this my discourse It happened in former time that one Raoul a gentleman of Transalpinia was dispossessed from the Vayuodship of the Transalpinians which before his time was maintained and kept by his father and which by right of succession the office belonged to him This man seeing himselfe expulsed by force and treacherie from that kingdome by the crueltie and wickednes of Marc which in their language is called Mirce an arrogant and proud tyrant who had made himselfe Vayuode and who had constrained Raoul shamefully to flie away and to seeke elsewhere how he might maintaine his life leauing his house and possessions vnder the commaund of his mortallest enemies and thinking in himselfe many thoughts concerning this his miserable fortune and apprehending a thousand deliberations in his minde that he might bee able to reenter againe into his possessions and imagining that there was not any of sufficient strength to ayde him thereto in the end he resolued to preuaile if he could by the meanes and fauour of Castalde to whom he was alreadie retired and had serued him during the passed warres with fiue or sixe seruants onely and some few horses and although he was held in good regard and entertained as well as might be yet was it nothing in comparison of his passed greatnes being respected and hohoured as a King so that he esteemed of this small entertainment no otherwise then of a certaine miserie which caused a great commiseration among all the nations seeing a man that had gouerned and managed a kingdome euen as his owne to bee brought by the crueltie of wicked Fortune into such extreame pouertie as to haue so few seruants to whom oftentimes he could doe no more but prouide them foode And euery man seeing this his miserie to continue so long they esteemed him a man of small resolution and such an one as could not haue in himselfe any aspiring thoughts But in the end feeling himselfe spurred on with such a shame and he being informed of the good successe happened to Stephen Vayuode of Moldauia tooke courage by this president and began to thinke how he could make away his enemie and intreating Castalde for a certaine number of footmen and horse and that he would further him with his meanes in the enterprise which hee would execute touching the death of Mirce not being able any longer to tolerate this pouertie which by hard fortune he was fallen into and comming one day vnto him he began in this sort to speake Sir it is some yeeres since that I haue been out of my hereditarie estate expulsed from thence by the fraud and treason of that cruell and tyrannicall Mirce who now by the support and fauour of the Turkes possesseth it daily vsing therein monsterous cruelties farre vnfitting all humane proceedings and which indeede farre exceed all barbarous custome hauing a while since for feare I should bee ayded to recouer that which I haue lost put to death by diuers torments more then 3000. men besides an infinit company of women with most horrible crueltie not minding euer to eate before he had satisfied his crueltie in cutting off the head of some great Lord. And with such tyrannous behauiour he dominereth ouer that my poore and miserable people who for feare of losing their liues are constrained either to abandon their naturall homes continually roming here and there or else contrarie to their likings to doe that which he commaundeth them Now considering these wicked and detestable actions I not being able to containe my selfe any longer within the bounds of patience I am determined to assaile my fortune which I trust will yeeld me mine owne estate or else I will depriue my bodie of this mortall life which is not able any longer to tolerate this his insolencie And in regard thereof I earnestly entreate you by the faith of Iesus Christ according to which we liue and in which my enemie beleeueth not but rather vtterly despiseth that you would not forsake me in this necessitie but assist me with what succours you can to the end that by the meanes thereof I may be able to recouer my kingdome and reuenge the blood shed of so many noble gentlemen as for my sake haue been most vily and against all equitie cruelly massacred And if the victorie happely inclineth to my part it shall be for the generall good of all Christians and specially for Ferdinands seruice And if it succeedeth otherwise which God defend I had rather die fighting within mine owne countrie then to liue in this exile expulsed by the treacherie of this cruell monster Mirce Castalde comforting and exhorting him to pursue this enterprise answered him that considering the iust causes which he alleadged and of which he was sufficiently informed he need not to doubt to haue good issue thereof by reason of the succours which he promised him and specially by the assistance of Iesus Christ which was the most sure and certaine helpe because he was worshipped by him and not by his enemie and secondly that support which he might get by the force and vertue of his owne arme and by the valiantnes of his combattants and for the last he offered him a good number of souldiours and summes of money exhorting him to hasten this expedition whilest the Turk was busied in the Persian affayres and that he should not lose this occasion which so fauourably presented it selfe for that before the Turke could come to giue any reliefe to Mirce he should bee more then a yeere setled and possessed of the Seigniorie and should haue the meanes so firmely to assure and reestablish his forces there that he would bee well content to haue him for his friend He gladly condiscended to all that which he demaunded and rather by reason of the compassion which he had of him then that he thought he could become victorious in such an enterprise Whereupon he gaue him 700. horse and 1500. Aiduchs the best souldiours that he had and who had very well witnessed their valour during these warres they being continually employed about Themesuar keeping Mahomets Campe still in larums and many times put them to shamefull foyles The Captaine of which companie was named Nicholas a most gallant and resolute man in fight although very often he would bee drunke according to the custome of those nations Raoul hauing obtained his desire tooke leaue of Castalde and with his souldiours and others his confederates that were adhering to him he resolued either to conquer or dye As these marched on Mirce had notice of the forces that Raoul leauied in all
parts and how he came to seeke him and with what intention Which being duly considered of he presently caused by the meanes and assistance of his friends to leauie as many men as he could making an armie of 24000. men with whom and with 36. peeces of Artillerie he went into the field lodging about Tergouista with resolution there to attend his enemie for that the place was most commodious to dispose and range his people in battaile Raoul on the other side notwithstanding all his attempts and diligence could leauy no more euen with Castaldes people then 12000. men although he had many friends and was generally the best liked of among all the Transalpinians For none durst shew him any fauour seeing he was of so weake a force and his enemie so braue and gallant euery one fearing that the issue of this enterprise would not succeede to his honour and to fall into the danger of Mirces displeasure whose horrible and execrable crueltie euery one greatly feared With these few men neuerthelesse he desisted not from marching to incounter his enemie who had for his Vauntgard 600. Turkes on horsebacke and being resolued to giue him battaile and not to bee amazed at any hand with the great preparation of his enemie he being one morning by dawning of the day arriued vpon certaine hils was discouered by the Sentinels of Mirce who then suddenly caused his people to bee ranged and ordered seeing he could by no meanes refuse the battaile and knowing that his enemies were resolutely determined to fight and although it was so that he might haue auoyded it yet would he not retire although he had some doubt and suspition to fight being aduertised that Raoul brought with him both Spaniards and Germanes which Castalde had giuen him assuring himselfe that those few souldiours which were with him were most valiant and expert and not easie to bee ouercome yea and hee did also distrust of some other succours While such thoughts were in hammering Raoul in the end made two squadrons of his armie each squadron being of 5000. foote and 1000. horse the most part of which were Harquebuziers and causing thē to march within harquebuze shot they made a stand vpon a hill causing them in such sort to be stretched out that they made shew of 14. or 15000. men Which being perceiued by Mirce and esteeming that number to bee greater then they shewed themselues before he began to distrust himselfe of some deceit and that he had not at the first certaine intelligence commaunding his people to stand more close then ordinary when the Harquebuziers of Raoul more confusedly then disciplinarily without expecting any other commaund or signall to fight were resolued as before they promised either to ouercome or die and gaue so furious a charge vpon one of Mirces squadrons as wolues vsually doe amongst a thousand flocke of sheepe and breaking the first rankes and quashing many a Turke who as the most resolute men were in the fore rankes and vpon whom Mirce reposed his greatest confidence the others began presently to recoyle and in flying they committed such disorder that there was none amongst them who thought not flying to be his best safetie Raoul on the other side at the same instant with his Infantrie and Caualarie most fiercely entered into another squadron of his enemies horse with no lesse courage then the said Harquebuziers did and breaking the first rankes he forced the other to turne their backes being on all sides gaulled and pearced with the thicke haile of the Harquebuziers who made not any shot in vaine This flight was of so great efficacie for Raouls good that Mirces squadron seeing these two thus quite defeated being possest with feare without further expectance of the enemie bequeathed themselues so to flight confusion that happie was he that could best flie and he esteemed himselfe most fortunate who supposed that he should be saued rather then others this ouerthrow thus happening because that the greatest part of this armie was composed of men sent by the townes and Lords of the countrie who are rather fit to make a number and shadow then to winne a victorie Thus wee often see that multitudes of such who are thus rawly sent are for the most part ouercome and subdued by a lesser number of souldiours well disciplined and practised in warre who to obtaine honour refuse neither perill of sword fire nor yet death it selfe and by this wee may iudge how dangerous and pestilent feare and cowardise is in an armie and how much on the contrarie vertue and valour and the prowesse of a noble and generous courage ioyned with the force and dexteritie of the bodie are extolled by which commendable qualities wee may auoyde the detraction and infamie of this world and purchase this true glorie which beautifieth and adorneth euery one and which raised Raoul to the type of honour winning so easily thereby this victorie that it seemed it was a true miracle of Iesus Christ who to punish this tyrant an enemie of his faith iustly permitted this ruine to befall him The souldiours of Raoul seeing then that Mirces armie was quite ouerthrowne and that there were not now any who opposed themselues against them forbearing the execution and slaughter of their enemies they began to search and ransacke those who fell into their hands and they performed so much for their owne profit that euery one of them became very rich thereby All those of Mirces faction who were aliue presently ranged themselues vnder the Victors Ensigne as it is alwaies the custome of the vulgar sort to follow new fortunes and daily desire new Lords And making together a great army they determined to pursue Mirce who saued himselfe with the rest of the 500. Turkes which before is spoken of and had now passed Danubius There died in this battaile about 7. or 8000. men of Mirces part and Raoul lost about some 700. Raoul thus achieuing this notable victorie he presently got possession of all the moueables of his enemie which were said to be more worth then 200000. Duckets with which he bettered his former necessitie and recouered all his kingdome the principall Peeres thereof with all his kindred and friends came to receiue and acknowledge him for their true and liege Lord and after that they conducted him with pompe to Tergouista where friendly and willingly they all swore fidelitie to him and did him all the honours as was fitting for them Behold here the mutations and changes of fortune with which she exalteth and abaseth whom it pleaseth her and giueth example to Potentates of the world after what sort they are to dispose of their actions and how little they ought to trust in her because that throwing them to the ground they cannot esteeme any thing firme and stable A Bugeron followed Mirce and incountring with another Bugeron who was well apparelled and richly armed he killed him verely beleeuing it had been Mirce himselfe and reporting
inclined to chuse of the worst rather then the best I haue thought it fitting to aduertise you with the best and pleasingest perswasions that possibly I can that you haue no need thus to neglect your former force and vertue for brauadoes which are but forged and full of winde Considering in what repose and quiet you now are enioying your full libertie and the same peaceably and that vnder the wing and protection of your King who is so milde and iust that not any whosoeuer may be compared to him and imagining on the contrarie that you shall neuer finde rest or safetie vnder the gouernment of this cruell and barbarous Lord holding it for most certaine that it is a vaine conceit for strangers such as you are esteemed of him once to thinke that they are able to finde any clemencie and pitie in him who towards his owne naturall children hath manifested himselfe most cruell Therefore you ought to animate defend and support your selues with a firme and stoute assurance worthie of your former prowesses against these accidents of Fortune that so you may gaine a glorious life for things that haue bin done by like tyrants ought to be tolerated as mischiefes which suddenly proceed from nature And stay your selues vpon the King my Lord and master who will neuer faile to send you what possible ayde he can with which he is alreadie become master of Albe-iula Ahnas Engedin and Lippa hath forced the Turk to recoile raise his Campe from before Themesuar constraining him in great haste to auoide this kingdome which vndoubtedly hee meant then to haue reduced to a miserable and perpetuall bondage and preseruing you in this liberty in which through his grace and fauour you liue and for which both your selues and children should be for euer bound to him And considering the aduertisement that shall be giuen to our King of all these affayres expell and banish from your idle fancies these feares and momentarie conceits and doe not any whit dread these theeues and robbers which with so great furie they menace to send vnto you Beleeue me their armies haue no wings to flie neither can they so readily assemble themselues as they haue writ of And as once to our great glorie wee haue chased them out of this Realme with so great losse of his people as cannot well be recounted so I assuredly hope that for the time to come we shall againe performe the like and that with our farre greater praise and renowne and then he in good earnest tasting of your resolution and stoutnes of courage and inuincible vertue he leauing you there in peace will chaunge his intention like fortune plainly knowing that he hath not to manage warre with effeminate or cowardly people but with men experienced as well in warre as in peace and who through the world shall yeeld a deare account to him of their persons while they doe as resolute mindes are wont to doe who being vniustly iniuried and feeling the outrage that they haue receiued doe for peace willingly imbrace warre All the Lords present being reanimated by these speeches sent to tell the great Turke Achmeth Basha the Moldauian and the Belerbey of Greece that they should come no further because that they were resolutely determined to resist them as much as they could hauing determined together to die in battaile rather then to liue vnder their lawes They also answered the Chiauss that they were content to pay him the ordinarie tribute if so it pleased the Grand Seigniour to accept of such as was offered him which if he would not accept that then he should presently depart The Chiauss receiuing this answer and seeing he could then accomplish no other thing accepted of the ordinarie tribute which was yeerely 20000. crownes and so retired to Belgrade and from thence to Constantinople leauing the kingdome free of a great feare and suspition Castalde hauing thus though not altogether gained the hearts of the Transiluanians and confirmed them in the league and deuotion of Ferdinand retired againe to his accustomed aboade at Albe-iula where he had not been long but that he had newes how Achmeth Basha of Buda writ a familiar letter full of a thousand kind and liberall offers to Patocchy containing certaine hidden and secret words as if there had been some great intelligence and correspondence betweene them two Which the Basha purposely practised to the end that Ferdinand and Castalde should vpon that occasion iustly conceiue some mistrust against him But his former proceedings being sufficiently iustified hee was alwaies held and reputed by them very loyall and faithfull and they committed vnto him the Castle of Iula with the gouernment of the towne that he might keepe it as in former time hee had done faithfully and therein to remaine his wife and children The Castles of Iula Panchotto Varadin and others began to bee in some distresse for want of victuals and it was most necessarie to make prouision for them which was not done without great discommoditie for that they were constrained to employ thereupon the money which was appointed for the musters and payment of the souldiours so that the time to muster being come and this said money spent in these affayres it was not possible to recouer or get any more and that was the cause as hereafter we shall speake of great tumults and specially because Vayuode Battor by his indisposition or for that it so pleased him would no longer execute the office of Vayuodship and requested that they would prouide themselues of another therefore although Castalde instantly desired him to continue in this office which greatly troubled him During these troubles letters came from Ferdinand by which he commanded them to begin a trial and proceed therein against Aldene the Camp-master who was still prisoner and that afterwards he shuld be sent to him with all the proceedings against him Aldene reprouing as suspected certaine of the Iudges required his Maiestie that his triall might bee referred to others which being granted him they began to examine many witnesses and concluded his triall by which in the end he was condemned to die and euen by the deposition of many who did proue against him the great treacherie and cowardlines which he vsed in abandoning Lippa he being well able to defend it who also set open and declared the great losse and damage which he had committed against Ferdinand in causing the Castle and Artillerie and all the munition to bee consumed with fire which were the materiall causes that he was condemned to death for His triall being thus fully concluded he was sent to Vienna with the sentence of the Iudges which being allowed by his Maiestie declared that he should be sent vnder a sure guard who presently after according to that commaund was surely conducted in chaines to Vienna where hee remained prisoner so long that the continuance thereof in the end was the cause as hereafter wee shall speake of his libertie
assotiated with him by night taken the Castle of Tocchay which by the situation thereof and art is very strong and that he durst attempt with ladders to surprise the towne of Agria from whence he was repulsed by the inhabitants in such manner that he could not enterprise any thing vpon it this being attempted by the commaund of Queene Izabella and her sonne Iohn They had also newes how Peter Vicchy was accorded with the Turkes and how he being accompanied with all his adherents he tooke the way towards Lippa with intention in the Queenes name to surprise the towne of Deua and Iula and doe his vttermost endeuour in this that it might returne to her and that she might reenter into the kingdome This man had great meanes and vnder his colour many great matters were practised which gaue sufficient occasion to Ferdinand to thinke deeply thereof who was sufficiently informed how all the Realme inclined to the Queenes part The Saxons to haue some shadow to remoue their household caused to bee demaunded of his Maiestie the Castle of Aluins which they said did according to their priuiledges belong to them and they requested that it might be confirmed to them by him That he might not discontent them in this their demaund but rather to hold them assured to him in some sound fidelitie and that hee might not giue them occasion to mutinie he yeelded to their demaund and presently they of Iula Agria and other places were commaunded that they should be vigilant and carefull and not sleepie or slothfull for feare of being suddenly surprised by the Queenes partie who ceased not to performe her vttermost endeuour that euery one should take armes against the Officers Gouernours and Lieutenants of Ferdinand During these proceedings it was ordained that the processe of Aldene should be renued and that the sentence should haue his full and entire effect if the accusations were found true This reuiuing being at a certaine day ended the first sentence was by this second confirmed and by consequence Aldene condemned to haue his head cut off The prescribed day being come to end his life he was in the sight of all Vienna led chained betweene two Friers who did comfort him to the place of iustice hauing the executioner by and was there vpon a scaffold to be beheaded Mary Queene of Bohemia and daughter of the Emperour Charles the 5. because he was a Spaniard and subiect to her father preuailed so much with the King her husband that he requested pardon of Ferdinand for him with this condition neuerthelesse that he should alwaies remaine prisoner This fauour being thus granted Aldene had his life saued and within a while after by the same meanes was wholly set at libertie against Castaldes liking who to the end he might giue example to others and to cause them learne by the negligence and cowardlines of Aldene how they should be hardie resolute and couragious imitating Torquatus solicited that he should be publikely punished Now whilest Castalde recreated himselfe with Ferdinand sometimes being with him in hunting sometimes pursuing the Harts along Danubius which to saue themselues from the dogges tooke soyle therein letters came to him from the Emperour Charles by which he commaunded him that seeing the Transiluanian warres were ended he should presently depart from Vienna and iourney into Flanders where he was greatly troubled by the people of King Henry of France that so he might vse him in this warre The Emperour also writ to Ferdinand how he had taken Hedin from the French King which is a place situate vpon the confines of Artois in the Low Countries against which he had brought a puissant armie and had enuironed it with his Campe and battered it on all sides and that in the end he had taken it notwithstanding the marueilous defence of the assieged making a great myne wherein was buried Horatius Farnese Duke of Castres and that he had caused it to bee ruinated and defaced euen to the foundations there being prisoners with him the Duke of Bouillon Marshall of France Lieutenant in the same for the King the Lord of Riou Gouernour the Counte of Villars the Lord of Prye the Baron of Culan and many others there being besides slaine the Lord of Magny the Vicount of Martigues the Lord of Moninuille the Lord of Cizieux the Lord of Dampierre the Seneshal of Castres and many others For this newes and the taking of Terouanne which a little before was besieged were great fires of solemnitie made at Vienna and many such-like exhilerations at the end whereof Castalde to obey the Emperour tooke leaue of Ferdinand and after being greatly honoured by him with many priuiledges and inriched with many gifts for the great valour which he had shewen in Transiluania against the Turkes he trauailed towards Germanie at the time that the warre of Sienna began to cease by meanes of Pope Iulius the 3. In the Easterne parts Solyman was no lesse inflamed to the warre then was Charles the 5. against France He as wee haue said in the yeere 1552. caused euery where to be published to get Mustapha his eldest sonne into his hands that the Persians were entered into Amasia and Syria and had sacked many townes and spoyled a great circuite of the plaine countrie leading with them prisoners the poore inhabitants and ruinating al which they incountred Vpon these newes he caused to be diuulged that he should be forced to goe in person into Amasia and to send Rostan Basha with a strong armie into Syria to force them to retire But this deuice was to no other end but speedily to haue the said Mustapha into his commaund and to assure himselfe of his Empire and life by putting him to death But before wee come to this narration it is necessarie that I recite some things of time past that I may the more orderly descent to that which commeth now to be treated of and to cause men better to vnderstand the cause that moued Solyman so cruelly to hate so vertuous and magnanimious a sonne Solyman then hauing had this Mustapha his eldest sonne by a slaue of Circassia he gaue him the gouernment of the Prouince of Amasia the better to maintaine himselfe and his mother This yong Prince daily increasing with corporall abilitie and with vertues of the minde gaue of himselfe great expectation to all those who saw him assuring themselues that one day he would proue a most valiant Captaine and couragious Lord. This infant being departed from Constantinople and arriued in this Prouince the Grand Seigniour began to be enamoured of another of his Slaues named Rossa so hotly that with the daily conuersation he had with her he saw by her foure children the one named Mahomet who had the Prouince of Carmania the other Baiazet to whom was giuen Mechoresia the third Selim who after the death of Mahomet had Carmania and the fourth Zeangir otherwise called crookbacke by reason of
he had receiued such letters gaue them to Rossa to the end that according to the oportunitie and occasion of the time she might shew them to the Turke She in shewing them these letters as a subtell and malicious woman made great shew to be exceedingly contented at the generositie and valiantnes of Mustapha and to be very respectiue of his life and health and then on the other side as being carefull of the preseruation and puissance of her Lord and spouse by wilie and subtell meanes she propounded to him the example of Selim who by the like craft and industrie depriued his father both of his Empire and life desiring him to finde the meanes to discouer the deseignes of Mustapha But for this time her deuices tooke no great effect in Solyman and she seeing that they came to nothing thought to make him away by poyson and sending him in his fathers name certaine presents gaue charge to some to carrie them to him But for that the houre of his death was not yet come he would at no hand taste thereof vntill the bringer had first made an assay who presently fell downe stone dead for which cause he made them to bee cast away and so escaped the death This treacherie falling out contrarie to the desire of Rossa yet for all that she lost no courage but inuented another desiring her Lord that he would doe her this fauour that sometimes one and sometimes another of his children might come to the Court to see him and after that returne againe into their gouernment thereby the rather to continue a reciprocall amitie betweene him and his children This deuice tended to this end that Mustapha comming thither should with better commoditie bee dispatched by some maner of meanes whatsoeuer and not comming thither he should be sent for For the eldest sonnes of the Turkish Emperours are not accustomed to depart out of their Prouinces to come to Constantinople except they bee sent for to bee made Emperours with a strong and puissant armie which they are not wont to doe so long as the father liueth Neuerthelesse she obtained that two of his children should come thither and thus alwaies was one or two with Solyman either in the towne or in the armie or in some other place where hee was Zeangir the crookbacke was oftner there then any of them for that he was pleasant and merrie and one that could fit all humours well whereat the Grand Seigniour tooke great pleasure Now certaine yeeres after Fortune enuious of Mustaphaes magnanimitie and fauouring the wickednes of this woman caused a letter to bee brought from the Basha the gouernour of Mustapha and of Amasia it being the custome that when a sonne of the Grand Seigniour goeth into any gouernment to giue him a Basha to instruct him in Militarie discipline and a Doctor to teach him the liberall Arts and other good erudiments It was imported by this letter that a mariage should bee treated of betweene the said Mustapha and the daughter of the King of Persia whereof this Basha did diligently aduertise the Court and the Grand Seigniour to the end that not any thing should be imputed to him as if he had participated in this affayre This letter being come into the hands of Rostan esteeming that this was a subiect very fit for him to ouerthrow Mustapha withall acquainted Rossa with all the matter with whom he hauing conferred of that which they should doe they went both together to the Turke shewing him the ambition of Mustapha and that he had a purpose to inuest himselfe in the Empire and by the affinitie contained in this letter to ioyne the Persian armies with his that so he might the better expulse him from Constantinople adding at the end the little faith which was to be hoped of the Ianisaries because they were corrupted by his great bountie These so euident reasons were with words full of such great efficacie pronounced by them that they so moued Solyman that to assure his kingdome and life he determined to put his sonne to death and according to this resolution he caused Rostan Basha to march before with a great armie towards Syria with commaund and expresse charge vnder the colour to driue away the Persians to seaze vpon the person of Mustapha by some subtell dexteritie and to conduct him to him Rostan being come to the enterance of this Prouince and Mustapha hauing vnderstood of his comming presently marched towards him with 7000. of the valiantest souldiours that he had Rostan seeing that then his enterprise could take no good issue bruiting it abroad that he found all things in good tranquilitie returned without any further expecting the comming of Mustapha or without seeing the dust of his souldiours and returned from thence to Constantinople with more then ordinarie speede where being arriued he recited to the Grand Seigniour all that which was happened to him and giuing colour to that which hee had alreadie practised with Rossa he caused him to redouble his feare telling him that hauing found the armie which he led with him into Syria most readie and willing and at the deuotion of Mustapha and they desired no other thing but only that he were absolute Lord he by this occasion meant not to trust them to giue him any battaile nor hazard any thing by reason of the incredible good will which all the Ianisaries bore him but that he thought it more expedient to returne from thence and submit all vnder the aduice and iudgement of his Maiestie as he did These speeches ingendered in Solymans heart a most great indignation and were the cause to bring to end that treason thus wrought against this innocent yong man This then being the yeere 1553. he commaunded that all the souldiours should assemble and that Achmeth Basha of Buda with all the prouision of Hungarie should march towards Amasia to bring to end the Persian warre it being expressely euery where bruited abroad that the Persians were afresh entered into Syria with many great troupes Solyman set himselfe onward on his iourney with all his armie and being there arriued he presently caused letters to be writ to Mustapha that he should come to him at Aleppo and endeuouring to conceale the hate which through others malignitie he bore to his sonne yet could he not so well dissemble it but that Achmeth Basha as of better iudgement then the other Bashaes were did perceiue it and conceiuing great displeasure that the father should be thus incensed against his sonne because he was too generous secretly aduertised Mustapha that he should looke well to himselfe and his life and not be too secure This did greatly astonish the poore yong man and the rather considering the comming of his father with so puissant an armie into that countrie without any reasonable occasion the Persians being then with them quiet and in peace and he entering into great suspition was many daies greatly tormented in the end although he was
to take his life from him and he on the other side assaied to defend himselfe the most cruel and abominable father who was on the one side of the Pauilion very attentiue to see the end of so horrible and inhumane a tragedie putting forth his head spake with choler to these executioners Haue you not yet taken away the life from this Traytor who for certaine yeeres together hath not suffered me to sleepe in quiet At these words the Muets and Eunuches taking courage threw him on the ground and by force drawed and stretched the corde which strangled him there dying in this manner the most liberall and magnificent Lord that euer was of the Ottoman house a man truly both of minde and bodie very noble and who by his vertuous qualities merited not to haue giuen to others so horrible a spectacle of himselfe as hee gaue by the deceit and treacherie of his enemies This cruell act being thus committed the Turke caused presently to bee taken the Basha of Amasia and a Venetian of the house of Michely who was taken a child in the iourney of Preuesa and who then with great credit bore the Colonels Ensigne and presently caused their heads to be publikely cut off calling afterward to him Zeangir the crookbacke who yet knew nothing of this enormious crueltie to whom he commanded to goe see his brother who was in the Pauilion and who was but lately arriued He hauing vnderstood of his brothers arriuall ranne with a pleasant countenance to goe and imbrace him and entering where the poore vnfortunate Mustapha lay thus euilly intreated strangled on the ground beholding him with great teares Solyman sent presently to him that he should take the Treasures Tents and Pauilions and the Prouince of Mustapha bestowing them on him for a gift But in stead of thanking those which brought him this message he spake vnto them these words O cursed treacherous dogge not a father but a most cruell Tyger enioy thou rather the Treasures Moueables Pauilions and the Prouince of Mustapha seeing this is fallen into thy inraged heart to put to death so vertuous a sonne and of so great hope and such a one as there was neuer his like neither yet shall be in the Ottoman house I pray God that I poore crookbacke liue not that thou maist doe the like to me Whereupon drawing a little poynard which he had by his side he thrust it into his owne breast so presently he died The King vnderstanding of this vnexpected newes fell into extreame sadnes And this was the trueth of the crookbacks deed although the world might not be filled with so vile an act and for the reuerence of the Ottoman house the Turkes say that he thus suddenly died of a Squinancie The Grand Seigniour hauing afterward commaunded that the Pauilions and moueables of Mustapha should bee carried with his while they whom he had commaunded to doe it went about to execute it many were moued and opposed themselues against it thinking that they meant to sacke them these valiant souldiours not yet knowing what was happened to their Lord and seeing a great number of men to come towards them fearing some sudden insolencie put themselues in armes repulsing those backe who were the formost not without great slaughter Those of the Kings Campe perceiuing the rumour which hourely increased running to succour their fellowes and the other part doing also the like both Camps reenforcing themselues with a terrible bruite they put themselues in armes and gaue a great assault where remained slaine vpon the place more then 2000. men and this skirmish had not thus ended if Achmeth Basha a graue man and of great authoritie for his renowned vertue generally knowne and greatly esteemed among the souldiours had not caused the Ianisaries to retire and if turning himselfe towards the souldiours of Mustapha he had not vsed to them such like gentle speeches What my brethren and children will you be of so bad a disposition and so bold to resist the commaund of the Grand Seigniour whose pleasure is that his sonnes treasure should be taken out of his Pauilions and carried to his I cannot beleeue that you who so long haue knowne your selues to be the most valiant and good Musulmans as truly you are would now shew your selues so insolent and perfidious to our common Lord hauing so long a time with such fidelitie warred amongst the Ottoman armies without being stained or defiled of any infamie for his preseruation as by your vertuous actions for his seruice you haue declared through all the world he being your Lord and mine Therefore now lay downe your weapons which are but too much sharpened for so vile an occasion These speeches of this couragious Basha had such force ouer them that they were appeased and as very obedient they suffered to bee carried to the Turkes Tent all whatsoeuer was in Mustaphaes But his death being within a little while after knowne amongst the Ianisaries and bruited through the Campe the occasion thereof and the distrust of him and because it was imposed vpon him they all tooke armes againe and making a great tumult mingled with infinit teares and weepings they approached very nigh to the Grand Seigniours Pauilion This second commotion put him into such a maze that losing his senses he would gladly haue fled but being stayed by his people not without great daunger to bee massacred in this furie he resolued constrained by necessitie to doe that which in an assured place hee would not haue done and standing at the entrance of his Pauilion although he was greatly pale yet he boldly spake to them Tell me quoth he what tumults are these here What commotion is this What insolencies do you thus inconsideratiuely offer to me Doe you not peraduenture know me Am I not your Lord and he that ought to rule and gouerne you Certaine of them answered him that they well knew him to be such a Lord who had a long time been chosen by them whom they had reuerenced and whose Empire they had by their vertue so greatly inlarged to this end notwithstanding that he should rule ouer them with iustice and not without occasion so inconsideratiuely and cruelly shed the blood of the good and cause the innocent to bee slaine and that these armes were iustly by them taken sharply to reuenge the death of Mustapha and to purge themselues from that treason which was imputed vpon them and that they would neuer lay them downe vntill the accusers should bee brought to iudgement and he conuicted them to be culpable and that then with all humilitie if it so fell out they promised as worthie of seuere chastisement to submit their liues to the most cruell and shamefullest death that could bee found and that for a finall resolution they meant that that should bee auerred in the same field These speaking so stoutly by reason of the griefe which they felt left not for all that to bathe their cheekes with
office of the Electors in publike assemblies The Pope and Princes of the Empire send to the ayde of the Emperour Maximilian The manner and forme of the Spanish Inquisition THe Emperour Ferdinand brother to the deceased Emperour about the very time the death of his brother had aduertisement that the Basha of Buda and the Moldauian beyond all expectation would come into the field whilest his Maiestie held the Diet in the towne of Ausbourg in which were present all the Electors and almost all the Princes of the Empire as well for his own affayres as to giue audience to an Ambassage sent from the King of France of which were chiefe the Bishop of Vienna named Marrillac and the Lord of Bourdillon which was vpon the 28. of March the Emperour being in the great hall of Ausbourg in his Emperiall throne vnder the cloth of Estate hauing on his right hand the Bishop of Mentz the Ambassadour of the Bishop of Coullin the Archduke Charles the Bishop of Saltzbourg the Grand Master of Prussia with many other great Lords Vpon his left hand was the Bishop of Treuers the Duke of Saxonies Ambassadour the Ambassadour of the Counte Palatin of Rhein the Marquesse of Brandebourg the Duke of Bauier the Counte Palatin not the Elector the Duke of Michelbourg the Duke of Wirtemberg and the three Marquesses of Baden with other Lords Before this great and renowned companie were honourably placed the Ambassadours of France They offered in the name of their King all his abilitie and friendship for the seruie of the Empire and they sought a perpetuall confederacie with him and the Electors Answer was made them that when they saw effects correspondent to his words by restitution of the towne of Mets they would then assuredly thinke that their Master would bee their friend and also that then they would be all readie to confirme good amitie him This Diet ended the Emperour for feare of the daunger which might happen in his kingdome of Hungarie vpon the said aduertisement had present recourse to the ayde of his estates and of the Empire Bohemia Morauia Stiria and Carinthia offered vpon euery thousand crownes of value twelue crownes to succour his Maiestie And the Empire offered him men horses and money if in case the warre should further proceede and in the meane time while they could see what way these rumours would take they yeelded to his Maiestie 600000. Dollors for three moneths to be employed where his Maiestie thought good These rumours were not in vaine For the warre betweene Ferdinand and King Iohn otherwise called Stephen was greatly inflamed King Iohn hauing alreadie taken from the Emperour the strong Castle of Tocchay and many other minding continually to assay the recouerie of the surplusage of his kingdome and to reuenge himselfe of the wrong which he thought he had receiued in this that the Emperour held not promise with him touching the Infanta Ioane whom he had promised vnto for spouse with a dowrie conuenient to her greatnes and with such reasons being fauoured of the Hungars who complained themselues to bee sorely oppressed by the Emperour and hauing by the ayde of the Turke amassed a great armie he possessed a large countrie and had become master of all Hungarie if the Emperour had not before sent a sufficient Campe to resist and hinder them from further proceeding notwithstanding the forces of the Basha of Buda who was come into the field on his behalfe But at the instance of the King of Polonia other Princes who offered themselues to be mediatours of some good accord for the desire which they had to quēch that fire for feare that the Turke vnder this occasion should not fasten himselfe further in this quarter hee caused his armie to retire as also King Iohn did who by the aduice perswasion of the said mediatours was reduced to this point that he would send Ambassadours to the Emperiall Maiestie to effect their accord and to demaund one of his daughters in mariage which he did and his Ambassadours being arriued at Vienna and audience being graunted them being about to say that Iohn King of Hungarie and Transiluania had sent them vnto him the Emperour would heare them no further saying that his Vayuode ought not to call himselfe King of Hungarie that kingdome being his inheritance not vsurped as it had been by the father of him who sent them and that if they would haue audience they should no more call Iohn King of Hungarie nor Transiluania but onely Vayuode of that Prouince The Ambassadours not minding to accept of these conditions presently dispatched Couriers into Poland and into Transiluania to giue the King notice of all this Vpon this difficultie the K. of Poland was of opinion that the King of Transiluania his nephew shuld not for that time name himselfe K. of Hungarie but only of that which he possessed seeing it was not likely that he could iustly denie him the title of K. of Transiluania he being thereunto called by the consent of all the people and reinstalled by force of his armes after that he had not kept nor obserued the couenants and promises made as on his behalfe betweene the Queene his mother and the Emperour in the time that Castalde was there The Ambassadours following this aduice alleadging the reasons of the King of Poland and speaking of Castalde they complained greatly of him saying that the Queene had been more deceiued by his perswasions and vaine speeches then had been the dead King her husband by those who had crowned him K. of Hungarie and those who were reuolted against him The Emperour not minding to agree to this title of K. of Transiluania but only of Vayuod receiued notwithstanding those Ambassadours who treating of their charge were not much content They demaunded that the Emperour should relinquish all that which he pretended in Transiluania and that he should make peace with their King in giuing him his daughter in marriage with 100000. crownes and vpon this condition that all that which is situated beyond Tibiscus should bee his and that which was on this side should remaine to his Maiestie and that in the warres which might be betweene him and the Turke he should be reputed neuter not willing in this case to forsake the amitie of the Grand Seigniour not to faile in the fidelitie and homage which he had done vnto him neither was he willing to be bound to ioyne with his Maiestie whensoeuer the Turke would make warre in Hungarie They also further demaunded that concerning that which the Emperour possessed of the rest of Hungarie he should satisfie the dowrie and debts of Queene Izabella which she pretended from the time of the death of King Iohn her husband To these demaunds the Emperour consented in part and in part also meant not to consent to those which most imported him and specially concerning the alliance that he might not seeme thereby willing to yeeld vp his pretended
right of Transiluania and hoping that himselfe or his childrē one day should be able to recouer it and he preuailed so farre that the enterprise of the Polish Ambassadours and of other Princes came to nothing and by that meanes the Ambassadours of Transiluania returned without any resolution Which was a cause within a while after of great warre betweene him and the King of Transiluania vnder the fauour of the Turke vpon which occasion he well knew what losse and damage it was to him for that he would not then agree A certaine time after the Vayuode of Valachia was aduertised that another Vayuode went about to dispossesse him of his estate being assured of succours from Ferdinand and of the fauour of the nephew of that Lasky who laboured the friendship which was betweene Solyman and King Iohn This nephew was also named Lasky He for sundrie matters whereof he was attainted was before constrained to forsake the kingdome of Polonia vpon which occasion he was retired vnder the protection of his vncle to the Turk of whom he was so well receiued that he was made a Colonell of certaine Turkish troupes of horse and foote But sometimes after forgetting all these honours and fauours he forsooke that part and tooke that of the Emperour Ferdinands in whose seruice he then was when he practised this subteltie and enterprised without the knowledge of Ferdinand against the Vayuode of Valachia for the profit and commoditie of another in whose fauour he had alreadie amassed 2000. horse which he ioyned with the armie of the other Vayuode which was of 8000. footmen and 4000. horse These altogether marched with great speede thinking to take the Vayuode vnprouided and were alreadie arriued very neere him attending the night which was fit to massacre them and to seaze vpon his estate in a pleasant weake village wherein for the present he then was But the Vayuode being alreadie vpon his guard according to the first aduertisements hauing assembled very secretly to the number of 40000. men foote and horse attending the issue of this enterprise being aduertised of the place where his enemies were lodged he caused that night all his people to march with speede and in such manner so surprised his enemie that he had neither leisure nor commoditie to range himselfe in battaile seeing himselfe assailed on all sides so suddenly and furiously that he was constrained with his friend Lasky to flie to the confines of Polonia and to leaue the victorie to the Valachians who with little losse of theirs and great of their enemies inriched themselus with the spoyle bootie of this man Lasky afterwards remaining dispossessed of many townes and Castles which he had by Cassouia being depriued of those by meanes of the said Vayuode And by this ill fortune so inconsideratiuely happened to him falling into the indignation of Ferdinand who dismissed him from his seruice he retired into Moldauia for that he would not fall into the hands of the King of Polonia the Emperour or of the Valachian these Princes not minding by the suffering of such an act to draw vpon them any more the forces of Solyman who neuerthelesse on his side was not to demaund of them therefore any greater satisfaction he hauing then a great distrust of the Gouernour of Egypt against whom he had sent a great number of Ianisaries and other souldiours of his Port fearing some commotion in that Prouince and from other places he had some aduertisements of the enterprises of Baiazet his second sonne who some said meant to inuade Syria with the succours and ayde of the Sophy so that Solyman was againe constrained to send new garrisons into that quarter Vpon the occasion of these troubles he himselfe had great desire to seeke peace and truce with Ferdinand although that his Lieutenants of Buda and of Bossina with the Vayuodes of Valachia Moldauia and of Transalpina in fauour of King Iohn brought great damage to the Emperour harrying and spoyling Hungarie bringing into their hands many places thereof his Maiestie not being able to draw any succours from the Lords of that countrie neither for the fortifications of the places nor for the entertainment of his souldiours and if it had not been for the new garrisons which he put in better places by the ayde of his subiects of Austria the losse had been farre greater in that countrie Solyman notwithstanding the gaine which his people had in Hungarie considering the perill whereinto he might fall if he at one time had to doe against so puissant enemies as the Emperour and the Sophy were resolued rather to seeke peace with the Christians then with his subiects To this end while they were at a Diet which was held at Franckfort there was celebrated the solemnitie of the election that the Electors had made of the person of Maximilian King of Bohemia the eldest sonne of Ferdinand to bee King of the Romanes and of his Coronation after the accustomed promises by him made to be an obedient childe to the holy Church according to the vse of his predecessors an Ambassadour sent from Solyman was presented in this great assemblie who offered a present to Ferdinand of certaine rich habiliments and of straunge beasts and after hauing ended some differences with his Maiestie which imported Hungarie the truce was concluded betweene them and in consideration thereof this Ambassadour caused to bee released and set at libertie many prisoners taken in warre who by no meanes before could be redeemed for any money nor exchaunge of others who were vnder the power of Ferdinand After this truce Ferdinand perceiuing himselfe to grow old and vnweildy of his bodie yeelded the kingdome of Hungarie to his sonne Maximilian with consent of all the Barons and Lords of the countrie in acknowledging of which all the Lords were gratified by Maximilian in all that which hee could doe Whereupon some little while after Ferdinand surprised with a great sicknes ended his daies hauing been a Prince of singular bountie and valour and had not his example and wisedome been Germanie which was greatly estranged from the Catholike Church had been wholly diuided from the vnion of the faithfull and Ecclesiasticall ceremonies This man although he was the sonne of Philip Duke of Burgongne Counte of Flanders and Archduke of Austria and of Ioane Queene of Spaine and of other kingdomes of al his fathers inheritance he had no more then the Archdukedome of Austria with the Estates which are situated in Germanie which was the ancient patrimonie of his house the lawes of Spaine being of such qualitie that the eldest haue onely the entire succession Neuerthelesse by meanes of his vertue he increased the inheritance of his house adding thereto the kingdomes of Hungarie and Bohemia augmenting by the addition of them the greatnes of it farre more then it fell vnto him by his predecessors By these actions he alwaies made it apparant that he was endued with great constancie
were prisoners in the custodie of diuers Hungarish Lords Being all arriued at Buda the Basha receiued them with much honour and great sports and gaue them safe conduct This negotiation of peace was the cause that Augustus the Elector and Duke of Saxonie countermaunded his Caualarie since that vpon the firme hope which was had of the peace he saw that it serued to no purpose in Hungarie In like sort many other Captaines and Germane souldiours were dismissed by his Maiestie thinking that they should not haue any more to doe But within a while after such companies were greatly desired againe the necessitie being come to make new leauies of men for that the Turkes desisted not from their ordinarie courses and greatly to endamage the countrie daily increasing new forces A good part of these came and laid siege before Newstat and inclosed those who were within in such sort that the Captaine named Glesmuner appointed for the guard of this place seeing he could not defend it did yeeld it to the enemie departing foorth with his souldiours with a white staffe in his hand By and by after this place was regained againe by the Emperials and againe lost and finally recouered so that at this day it is in the Emperours commaund The Turks of another part forraging euen to Iauerin led 800. head of cattell which presently was recouered by the garrison Dersfi Gouernour of Nitria seeing the Turks ouerrunning the countrie and to approach nigh him went forth and affronting the enemie on a sudden cut many of them in peeces and led with him in his retraict two Agaes prisoners which are two of the principall Captaines of the Ianisaries A little before was also taken a Turke by Sighet who was come to spie this and other places of the countrie This man being brought before the Archduke Charles among other things assured him that his Lord would come in person into Hungarie and that within a little time Sighet and Iula should be by him bes 〈…〉 d and that his armie would bee of 600000. men without counting those which rowed at the ores Counte Salm had also taken certaine other Spies which assured him the like Another Turke named Scafir Vayda chiefe Councellor of the Basha of Buda and well knowne among all the Hungars to bee a man of singular vertue in the managing of warre was taken and discoursing with Francis Pesthy had confirmed the speech and confession of the others so that he saw not any more hope of peace or truce but all appearance of warre And that which made them the more to beleeue it was that the peasants who are remaining vpon the frontiers betweene the Emperour and the Turk who were wont to pay the tribute both to the one and to the other had expresse commaund vnder grieuous penalties not to pay any thing to the Emperials there being also taken by the Castle of Papa 80. of our souldiours by the Turkes who did no other thing but daily forrage about Iauerin and other places of Hungarie doing infinit mischiefe which was an euident signe that the hate daily increased and that all hope of peace was cut off Maximilian aduertised by diuers waies of all these accidents and of the great preparatiōs which were appointed at Constantinople gaue order that Iauerin should be fortified as being of great importance and in which place he would make head of all his people And through all Austria he caused to be published that not any should sell either wine or corne out of the countrie and that which was alreadie sold and yet not being transported should be retained He sent to Sighet for the defence of that place certaine Bohemians and Hungars with 600. souldiours of whom were Captaines a Vicount of Millan and a Germane Lord. He also dispatched commissions to Captaines to leauie new companies of souldiours And further considering the puissance of Solyman in comparison of which all these preparations of warre could not long stand him in stead if he were not succoured with the forces of the Empire as in such cases his predecessors had been for to remedie so great a danger he published a generall Diet of all the Empire in the towne of Ausbourg to obtaine of all necessarie succour in so imminent a perill The publication hereof was made through all the prouinces of Germanie the more to hasten the conuocation This great region is diuided into three Estates to wit the Ecclesiasticall Lords the Secular Lords and the Lords of townes These onely pay to the Emperour euery yeere a tribute which is of no great value and when necessitie requireth they extraordinarily contribute souldiours weapons and money and these contributions are acc 〈…〉 d in such Diets which ordinarily the Electors come vnto diuided into tw◠orders to wit the Ecclesiasticall and Secular The first of the Ecclesiasticals is the Archbishop of Mentz Chauncellor of the Germane nation and all the registers of the Diets are kept in his Chancerie After him is the Archbishop of Colon Chauncellor of Italie and after this man is he of Treuers also Chancellor of France To these doe ioyne certaine other rich and puissant Archbishops as he of Salzbourg very ancient who by reason of the mynes of salt gold and siluer which he hath in his countrie may dispend 150000. Florins of yeerely reuenew He of Magdebourg is called Primate of Germanie There is also those of Bremen and of Bizonce with about 25. Bishops all rich 〈…〉 eat and anuall reuenewes who are called Princes of the Empire by reason of the Castles townes and Prouinces which they hold As for the Seculars there is in like sort three which haue the first place of honour and authoritie who are named Electors These haue also some particular offices in the Emperours seruice The Palatin is the first of all and carrieth vp meate to the table The Duke of Saxonie is the soueraigne Iudge of the Court and he hath besides the title of Mareshall and the Marquesse of Brandebourg is high Chamberlaine To these doe ioyne many other great Princes who are dissended from the house and race of the Electors as the Duke of Bauier with the other Palatins who are of one familie The Dukes of Saxonie the Marquesses and the Burgraues of Brandebourg and then the Dukes of Brunswick and Lunenburg very noble and of the most ancient houses of Saxonie with many other Dukes Marquesses Lantgraues Burgraues Countes and Barons Of all these the richest in reuenew is the Elector of Saxonie hauing more then 500000. Dollors of yeerely reuenew and is able to raise in his countrie 6000. horse and 15000. footmen After him the Duke of Bauier is noted hauing a large countrie furnished with goodly townes out of which besides the ordinarie reuenew he draweth 600000. Florins There is yet the Duke of Cleue a very puissant Prince who heretofore made warre vpon the Emperour Charles vncle to Maximilian The free townes of the Empire are as some
for the onely affection to doe him seruice were come to seeke so farre countries without any respect had to the charge and trauaile Many Princes and Common-wealths of Italie sent him succours The Duke of Mantua Gennes and Luca assisted him with money The Duke of Florence sent him 3000. footmen payd The Duke of Ferrara besides that he left vnto him the dowrie and mariage of his wife the Dutchesse his Maiesties sister which was 150000. Florins went himselfe to serue him with a choise companie of 400. Gentlemen 300. Harquebuziers on horsebacke 100. Murrions and 100. armed men and there was not any one of these Gentlemen who brought not with him three or foure good souldiours Alexander Bailon with foure Captaines came to his Maiestie After him arriued Iohn Alphonse Castalde with his troupes A little before also were presented to his Maiestie to doe him seruice and to winne renowne amongst so many nations certaine Lords and English Gentlemen amongst whom was Master Smith Richard Greinuile Henry Champernon Philip Budshall Thomas Cotton and William George a Captaine of singular prowesse From all parts men might see this armie to bee increased by the arriuall of so many Lords and Gentlemen Albert Lasky a Polonian by reason of many Castles which he possessed in Hungarie meant not to be wanting to so fit an occasion He brought with him twelue Coaches and 3000. Pollacques all apparelled a la Hungresque that he might not thereby preiudice the King of Poland who was in league with the Turk if they were knowne in the habit of their owne countrie The Duke of Wolfang Palatin of Nuberg and Richard his kinsman came thither with 600. horse The second sonne of the Duke of Bauier brought thither with him 400. Prosper Colonne Ange Caesis and certaine other Lords of Italie incontinently followed those who were come thither on the behalfe of the Duke of sauoy conducted by the Duke of Camerin as also did Count Nicholas Gambara hauing in his traine twelue Gentlemen On the behalfe of the kingdome of France was Henry of Loraine Duke of Guize Count de Brissac the Lord of Lansac the Lord Strozzy and many other French gentlemen all well armed who were departed from France and were come to Malta in fauour of the Religion for that from many places it was assured that the Turkish armie would returne thither But these bruites being found false these Lords after they had seene Italie tooke their way towards Hungarie that they might bee in this warre and salute his Maiestie who made them great demonstration of the pleasure which he receiued by their comming Maximilian had prepared a nauall armie vpon Danubius of 12. Gallies and 30. Nazadies with other great boates so well accommodated that the souldiours who were within might well warrant themselues from their enemies arrowes In these vessels there was many peeces of great Artillerie with necessarie powder and bullets and 3000. men the most part Italians Blach Allemand a Kight of Malta a valiant man and greatly experienced in sea affayres commaunded this armie The land armie marched along Danubius towards Iauerin in which place the bodie of the whole armie should stay to diuert the Turke from Transiluania and to put him in doubt to lose Strigonium and Buda The Emperour at the same time commaunded all the Nobilitie of Austria to mount on horsebacke and to march to the warre at their owne expences preparing himselfe in the meane time to be in person in his Campe since that Solyman although he was old was in his As this great concourse of men and of all munitions made the Turkes who were in the field towards Alberegalis and Sighet where they expected the Beglerbey of Armenia who should come to besiege this place as afterwards he did ouerran all the countrie Against these went forth Count Salm who commaunded Iauerin and with as many men as he was able to bring into the field he went directly to Pallota and hauing put thereinto victuals and refreshed the garrison he marched with a good troupe of Caualarie towards Vesprimia which is a great towne and not very strong two miles from Pallota making great spoyle all about not staying any whit at all vpon any bootie vntill his Infantrie approached The Turkes who were within minding to prepare and defend themselues and for this effect readily giuing order to many things as they displaced two Cannons to place them elsewhere in a more commodious place a pane of the wall fell to the ground The Count being aduertised thereof taking this for some good signe and as if God should open the passage to him diligently prepared his people These arriued about night and the batterie was deferred vntill the day following In the meane time the Turkes laboured to repayre the happened ruine and presently when day light appeared the Count hotly assailed the towne on all parts putting fire to the ports and ladders against the walls by meanes whereof in repulsing the enemie they threw fire vpon the couerings of houses which for the most part are but of wood according to the common manner of the countrie and some entring by the breach and others boldly leaping from off the ladders forced the enemies and they cut the greatest part of them in peeces the principall amongst them retiring into the Castle but for all that they were no more warranted then the others were For minding to parley they were suddenly forced and slaine At this surprise was taken aliue the Gouernour of Alberegalis who was sent to the Castle of Poson There was also taken about this towne fiue Turkish Spies This being done the Count knowing that within Pallota were entered for the garrison thereof certaine Germane companies left in this to command therein George Tury who had so well defended the other giuing him a sufficient companie of men to keep it and afterwards he retired to Iauerin while the Basha of Buda departed from Alberegalis and retired himselfe to Buda to aduise of his affayres On the other side the souldiours who were in garrison within Leuante situated at the foote of the mountaines going into the field to assaile the Turks were by them badly entreated and there were many amongst them who remained prisoners there and amongst others was Bartholmew Horuatte a man of great valour Fiue miles from Iauerin and two from Comar is the Fortresse of Tata From thence the Emperiall souldiours which were in the neighbouring places daily receiued great losses this place being wel munitioned and kept Count Salm desiring to rase this Fort departed with his people from Iauerin early in the morning the 21. of Iuly and arriued about euening before Tata with a resolution not to depart from this enterprise without conquest thereof Being there arriued he sent for to come before him after faith pledged a Turke whom he knew He by the permission of his Captaine came to him and the Count desirous to perswade him that all
Ensigne which was commaunded by the Lord of Arach hauing vnder him for his Lieutenant the Marshall of Vnghemad and the Guidon was caried by the Duke of Pomerania His Maiestie marched towards Attemberg distant two miles from Iauerin while al the horse of Bohemia came to Posson which consisted of 7. Cornets and besides there was 1000. horse marching at their owne charges vnder the commaund of Teufel and 1200. other conducted by Count Gonther of Schuartzemburg The Morauians Slesians and Lusatians made besides the rest a good shew of horse Vratislauia sent 300. horse All these troupes with others who followed Maximilian made to the number of 10000. horse besides those who alreadie were at Iauerin and at Comar All the Armie being assembled at Altemburg the Emperour marched to Iauarin there being at the same time arriued at Comar the Nauale Armie which came a long Danubius Presently there passed many skirmishes in which for the most part the Emperials had the better The more to strengthen the Armie his Maiestie caused the other troupes to come which were at Comar hoping to enterprise vpon Strigonium and by the taking of this towne to diuert the siege which was feared should be made by the enemie before Sighet and Iula For to giue battaile although necessitie seemed so to require it was not requisit least they might hazard the whole estate of the Empire in one battaile which is alwaies vncertaine and doubtfull and on the other side the Emperour had not such forces that he could assure himselfe of victorie The enterprise neuerthelesse of Strigonium was yet then deferred for some good respects Vpon this newes came that Solyman was passed the riuer of Tissa and that of Danubius and that alreadie he was on this side Sighet hauing with great diligence caused to be made in this towne a bridge vpon Drauus for the passage of his Armie for performing whereof he sent before 25000. men This bridge was erected in 16. daies although it was in length 5500. fathum and 14. broade and for the building whereof they vsed an infinit companie of boates bound with Iron chaynes in place of piles which they could not vse by reason of the deepenes of the riuer Certaine dayes before Solyman had giuen the charge of the siege of Sighet to the Basha of Bossina and to him of Armenia but hauing vnderstood the losse of Tata and of Vesprimia he sent them to the succours of the Basha of Buda and gaue the conduct of this siege to the Beglerbey of Armenia He readily marched thither and incamped himselfe within a mile of the Fortresse Solyman within a while after came himselfe This towne is situated in Hungarie vpon the confines of Croatia in the middest of waters and marishes which enuiron it on three sides for the space of more then a mile and on the side of the firme land it hath but one entrance which is defended with two great Bulwarkes made of earth and wood well combined and bound together It is composed of two townes made in frame of a Fortresse with a Castle closed in with foure Courtaines in a square forme Betweene the one and other there are good deepe ditches full of running water In this place commaunded for the Emperour Nicholas Esdrin Count of Serin of whom we haue often before spoken He was Nephew to the Lord Torguat by reason of his sister and there was giuen vnto him the office of Banambt in the kingdomes of Croatia Dalmatia and Sclauonia which is as much as Bailife or Seneshall and besides he was Mundschencken of Hungarie that is to say great Butler and Captaine generall for the Emperour about Danubius He was present at the siege of Vienna which heretofore we haue described in the former bookes and for his valour which in this siege was knowen and obserued by euery one he was recompenced with a faire horse and a chaine of golde He was also sufficiently made knowen at the siege of Pesthe and Buda This Captaine a Hungar by birth had in this place 1200. souldiours to defend it The Turke greatly to annoy Maximilian besides the besieging of this place sent 35000. men as well Tartars as Turkes to besiege Iula But the waters hindered them to doe it and at their retraict those within sallied forth and charged them behinde so hotly that many of the enemies remained there Certaine daies after the Turks being returned thither they besieged this place very straightly battering the towne with great peeces but they cooling their fury and seeming carelesse those within seeing their countenance in the night sallied forth and thus surprising the enemie killed many of them and caused the other to retire in such sort that they remained masters of their Artillerie which they choked and rammed vp the enemie not being able to carrie it away The Tartars who at that time might easily haue assailed Schuendy who then had not many people with him and who for that occasion daily importuned the Emperour to haue fresh succours hauing taken some countrie men and knowing of them by supposed speeches that Schuendy had with him 20000. men vpon these words they were so daunted that suddenly they raised the siege and spoyling the countrie all about they fiered fiue villages vsing a marueilous crueltie euery where without respecting any sexe or condition but following their barbarous custome they put all to fire and sword In the meane time the Turkes after the batteries and breaches made at Sighet by meanes of high Forts which Mahomet Basha commaunding all the armie had caused to be raised had giuen eight furious assaults and the 29. of August they gaue thereto a generall assault which continued 24. houres But the besieged defended themselues so couragiously that after they had killed a great number of the enemies and taken the Captaine of the Ianisaries they alwaies valiantly repulsed them The stinke of the dead bodies was so great that Solyman was forced to recoyle foure miles off Serin seeing he had lost in these assaults many of his people caused the towne to bee fiered and retired himselfe to two other Forts This retraict gaue occasion to the Turkes to giue yet another assault vpon the day of the beheading of S. Iohn Solyman trusting in this day which he esteemed very fortunate for him in all his battailes hauing on that day obtained this notable and memorable victorie which he had against Lewis King of Hungarie and hauing on the same day wonne the townes of Rhodes and Buda and defeated in battaile the armie of the King of Persia This fortune neuerthelesse failed the Turkes at this time and they were yet valiantly repulsed The day following which was the 30. of that moneth they yet againe returned to the assault with greater furie and with such courage that their Ensignes were seene vpon the Rampiars but neuerthelesse they were repulsed euen with great slaughter of them Solyman considering the tediousnes of this siege and the valiantnes of Serin caused to
bee offered to this Captaine a very good offer if he would yeeld to him But these offers could nothing moue the faith which the Count had sworne to Maximilian Notwithstanding if the Emperour had had good Spies who would haue informed him of the trueth or if at least he had credited the reports which was made him it is without all doubt that with prosperous successe he should haue finished this warre for that then was taken a Turke of good qualitie who after he had requested libertie swore and affirmed vpon his head that Solyman was dead the which was confirmed by other demonstrations The Emperour notwithstanding would not beleeue any thing hereof iudging that if such a thing were happened it could not be possible that the Turkish armie should bee in such quiet nor so well gouerned But the prudence and marueilous industrie of Mehemet Basha a most wise Lord knew so well to manage this matter that not onely he concealed the death of his Lord but yet further assured the Empire vnto him to whom it belonged and which is of no lesse consequence contained so great an armie in militarie obedience repressed the furie and sedition of the Ianisaries preserued the treasure and obtained a notable victorie Solyman was come into Hungarie with a puissant armie of 150000. men which he diuided into many parts whereof one was towards Iula in the confines of Hungarie adioynant to Transiluania and another towards Sighet vpon the marches of Croatia In this was his greatest force and there was himselfe in person to the end that his presence should the more encourage the souldiours to the taking of this towne But being now of the age of 66. yeeres and being crazed in respect of the labours of so long a voyage and perhaps hauing his courage abated to see his people in so many assaults repulsed with so great a butcherie of them and it may bee this accustomed valour of minde being no longer in him with which he before had happely brought to end so many goodly enterprises the humours of his bodie being corrupted a bloody flux troubled him which within few daies took him out of this world And thus the prognostication which in the moneth of May before going had been made touching the anuall reuolution of this Prince by those that had been curious to know that which heauen did promise touching this warre fell out to be true This prognostication contained that the Emperour of Turkes should dye there if peraduenture he was not ouerthrowne and defeated by the Christians notwithstanding the great leauie of people which he made against them Mehemet Basha seeing his Prince dead and Sighet yet vntouched as it were and in possession of the Christians presently thought that it was expedient to keepe this death secret as well for the continuance of this siege and taking of the place as for the preseruation of the armie and treasure as also to inuest the new Sultan Selim in the possession of the Empire to whom of right it belonged Vpon this resolution he readily dispatched a messenger to the Basha of Constantinople to aduertise him of the fortune which was happened and he sent him word of that which was necessarie for him to doe Then with a singular subteltie knowing that the souldious would bee offended if they saw not their Lord he caused the bodie to be clothed with his accustomed habits and setting him in a high place within his Pauilion caused him a farre off to bee shewed to all without that any of them could know that he was dead This being thus well inuented Mehemet went forth of the Pauilion and taking occasion thereupon began to encourage the Ianisaries exhorting them to performe their last endeuour to the assault of Sighet But while he was speaking and calling to minde that his Lord was dead he could not for the griefe which he felt in his minde refraine from weeping And as this passion was pricking his wisedome to couer it was also very readie in such sort that presently remembring that his teares gaue to the souldiours some apprehension and assurance of the death of their prince vpon some little bruite which alreadie was spread in the Camp vsing a braue stratagem in wisely dissembling his inward griefe added to his speeches that he wept not for the death of his Lord as it seemed they iudged who thanks be to God was liuing and out of all daunger But that he wept for the miserable and pitious condition of all the armie for that their Prince had made an inuiolable oth laying hand on his breast and head that if within few daies Sighet were not taken he would put them all to death without remission with a cruell and strange kinde of death Mehemet by these speeches and many others animating euery one a singular desire of fight and also presently to returne to the assault possessed all the souldiours and aboue all the Ianisaries being all obstinate to performe therein their last endeuours or else to end their liues there Vpon this resolution after he had giuen order to that which appertained to such an assault all the souldiours running with great furie to the breach and skaladoe the 6. of September they were neuerthelesse repulsed with great losse both of the one part and other But the enemies hauing meanes to refresh them and continuing their blowes came againe for the last time the day following to the breach with a marueilous furie and a greater force then they had yet euer made and the one and other fighting betweene hope to ouercome and feare to dye there was seene a terrible conslict now on this side then on the other Count Serin performing then the dutie of an aduised and most valiant Captaine encouraging his people ranne here and there not being wanting either to himselfe or to his souldiours appeared greater then himselfe He seeing that the Artillerie of the enemie had set fire in the Fortresse and being astonished thereat caused the port to bee opened and hauing planted a Cannon charged with many little bullets at the enterance of it and giuing fire thereto more then 100. Turkes were layd on the ground by that shot and presently the Count aduanced himselfe vpon the bridge with his Courtlasse and Target being followed of his people who of 1200. were reduced onely to 500. and they all thronging in amongst the enemies fought valiantly Serin would neuer yeeld himselfe although the Turks desired him to doe it willing to haue him aliue into their hands but alwaies fighting couragiously in the middest of the enemies increased in himselfe an incredible valour and thus managing his hands with extreame courage was thrust into the breast with a pike But he fearing to abate the courage of his people concealed this wound as much as he could vntill in the end he was greatly wounded in the head with a blow which killed him And although that the souldiours desisted not yet could they not make such resistance as
towne Scander Basha Gouernour with all the Treasurers and other Lords of qualitie who were remaining at Constantinople with an infinit number of other sorts of people came also before him They were all clad in blacke with little Turbants of wooll on their heads in signe of sorrow These hauing drawne the bodie out of the Coach the principals of them tooke it and lifted it vp vpon the palmes of their hands carying it thus raised on high through the towne in changing it from hand to hand and bearing it by turnes the Doctors of the law marching before and reading with a high voyce euen vnto the Sepulcher wherein he was put with all the ceremonies and accustomed solemnities due to such Princes Vpon the Sepulcher was put a cloath of very fine Chamblet with his Cimetrie to notifie that he had ended his daies in the warre and at the very top of it there was a Turban like to that which he was wont to weare in his life time But now to returne to our discourse the Emperour Maximilian knowing for certaine the death of Solyman and coronation of Selim which was seuen weekes after it being sent to him from Venice by Guy of Noremberg his Ambassadour resident in the Seigniorie of Venice for his Maiestie All the Captaines were greatly astonished thereat considering how and with what prudence these barbarous people were able to keepe so secret such a notable accident in such sort that their owne armie neuer knew any thing thereof Which thing if it had been discouered had without all doubt bin an occasion that the souldiours mutining to sacke the treasure had opened a way to the Emperour to attaine to a most euident and singular victorie But Basha Mehemet in his owne iudgement foreseeing all the disorder and knowing that of his Lords life depended the good of all the armie meant to prouide for it in time and for this cause he concealed the death of Solyman to the end that the armie should not perceiue it selfe depriued of their Lord and that in diuiding it selfe it should not by that meanes open the way of a notable victorie to the enemie After then that the Turkish armie was departed out of Hungarie there happened a new disaster at Iauerin where was the force of the Emperiall Campe there being the last of September fire set on the lodging of a Hungarian Lord by negligence of his Cooke This fire by little and little increased so farre by meanes of a great winde which blew from the West that all the houses being made of wood after the manner of that countrie not any house was exempted from burning except the Palace and Church which were built of stone and about some 17. little houses and it was a great chance that this fire pearced not euen into the Church wherein was all the munition which if it had happened it had brought a great misfortune for that the towne although it be litttle was stored and filled with souldiours and of all other sorts of people who had followed this armie and for feare of this inconuenience the Emperour mounted presently on horsebacke and with great speede retired farre from the towne That which was not consumed by the fire serued as a pray to the souldiours some of whom most wickedly put fire to certaine houses that they might more freely get pillage as they did The Emperour was so sad for this misfortune that he neuer felt any such griefe in all these warres hauing alwaies reserued this place for the suretie of his armies and seeing that therein all the neighbours did vsually retire their goods and persons and specially of all the countrie thereabouts his Maiestie commaunded that this place should bee reestablished by the souldiours and peasants And the winter being come and the enemie retired he dismissed his armie and most affectionatly he thanked all the Lords who so willingly were come to succour him and this done he retired to Vienna leauing at Iauerin a good and strong garrison of the brauest and valiantest souldiours of the armie as well foote as horse vnder the charge of Count Salms He presently caused the place to be repayred by the money which the Emperour had sent him from Vienna The troupes of Austria were sent to Odemburg to resist the ordinarie incursions of the Turkes In Canisa a Fortresse very nigh to Sighet was sent to commaund there Captaine Thay with 1000. horse and as many footmen In the meane time the Emperour called the Estates of Austria into the towne of Vienna to aduise of new preparations for the yeere following as well in Hungarie as in Transiluania where alwaies continued the warre betweene him and King Iohn for whose ayde remained Portau Basha with many Tartars who surpassing ours in multitude and crueltie massacred all those that they encountred not pardoning any sexe and without any distinction of age cutting the infants in the middest whom they afterward rosted and eate The Transiluanian hauing in the former yeere lost Tocchay which Schuendy had taken from him with 30. peeces of Artillerie and great store of munition which he found there and willing to get it againe came with his Tartars to besiege it making a batterie with nine Cannons The assieged valiantly behauing themselues did not any thing faile in their defence Schuendy although then he was very ill willing neuerthelesse not to be slacke in the office of a prudent and discreete Captaine sent for succours to the Emperour not any thing doubting but he would be well able to chase away the enemie The Emperour presently sent him 1000. horse conducted by Henry Stampir with sixe Ensignes of foote and with them he sent his chiefest Phisition to cure Schuendy He also sent 50. waggons laden with victuall and coyne to pay the souldiours Iohn being with his armie before Tocchay where alreadie he had been eight daies and hoping to come to the end of his enterprise he was informed that 10000. Tartars who warred with the Turkes in his fauour being mutined and departed from the Campe were dispersed in his Prouince committing infinite outrages and burning many townes Iohn vpon this newes raised his siege and hauing sent to these mutiners that they should quietly retire themselues he vsed all the meanes not to meddle with them by fight In the end seeing that intreaties and all perswasions serued him to no purpose and that continuing their crueltie they would by no meanes desist moued by a iust choller he assailed them on the sudden and cut in peeces more then 6000. of them Those who remained and the Turks ioyned with them desirous to be reuenged for their companions came and besieged Iohn at Varadin which is a place of small strength and where they might haue taken him aliue if they had had any peeces of Artillerie Neuerthelesse Iohn fearing the worst and not willing to haue the reproach to be besieged by such raskalitie secretly auoyded the towne and retired to an other place of more
the wall and besides there was happened to him during this siege a great and daungerous sicknes that with all this after he had a long time expected the succours which was promised him which neuer appeared he was constrained to accept of composition In the end he desired all his friends to make suite for him to the Emperours Maiestie signifying that he might bee set at libertie so soone as the Sangiach should be deliuered in exchange of him and being at libertie he offered to remaine in such a prison as it would please his Maiestie there to attend the iudgement which should be giuen vpon his cause not perceiuing himselfe culpable in any thing Cheretsken writ to Hossute concerning all these things to the end he should report them to the Emperour In the meane time it was held for certaine in the Court that the Lord of Arrach might set at libertie the Sangiach of Alberegalis whom he held prisoner in one of his Fortresses named Zetipont to redeeme Cheretsken there hauing been made before this bad fortune a treatie of mariage betweene them this Lord hauing promised to Cheretsken one of his daughters But a while after fortune being no way fauourable to this poore prisoner there was heard of him a miserable end For many complaining to Selim for hauing receiued by this Captaine many cruell iniuries some hauing by his commaund lost their nose others hauing had their eares cut off others their mouth and all alleadging against him such like cruelties Selim moued with such a report gaue him vnto them that accused him permitting them to take what reuenge of him they would These taking a Tunne nayled within full of great nayles whereof the points were inward and carrying it to the top of a high hill inclosed Cheretsken within and after they cast him headlong from the top thereof to the foote and by this cruell and horrible paine they caused him to dye The Lord of Arrach receiued great displeasure at this death for that he could not relieue him and within a while after he had 50000. crownes for a ransome of the Sangiach and although that he should remaine debter of another great summe the Emperour neuerthelesse would that he should be set at libertie He being set on his way accompanied with Iohn Suizen a Councellor of Hungarie and being arriued on the frontier Suizen at his returne reported marueilous things of ioy and mirth that the Turkes made for the returne of this Lord. Besides the money by him disbursed they gaue libertie to Captaine Gorger who was taken at Iula and who for his ransome was taxed at 40000. crownes Schuendy being now growne to good health from so long a sicknes and receiuing good strong troupes went into the field with his people and besieged the Castle of Zatmar well furnished with all things except men This belonged to Bec the Emperours capitall enemie and the principall author of the enmitie and discord which was nourished betweene his Maiestie and King Iohn He seeing they came to besiege him he secretly departed from this Fortresse which being out of hand straightly besieged in the end the souldiours within yeelded their liues and baggage saued This taking was vpon the 14. of Ianuarie and in that place was gotten great store of bootie and Schuendy freely setting at libertie the Becs wife with all his moueables retained onely for himselfe all the Artillerie Maximilian was in the meane time to continue the Diets of his Estates and hauing been alreadie at Bruna and after at Troppa to goe from thence to Prage in Bohemia in which places he made his demaunds and at Bruna it was concluded that in stead of the Nobilitie they should giue him 1200. horse which his Maiestie should send whither it pleased him and besides that the Nobilitie should be bound to keep the limits of the countrie when there should bee neede thereof He being arriued at Prage he made his entrie thereinto very solemnely being receiued by the Citizens vnder a Canapie with great pompe and magnificence From thence he sent the Duke of Bauier and Doctor Inuch his Councellor with certaine other to the Diet of Ratisbon The Bohemians at the Diet held at Prage accorded that the succours before graunted for three yeeres should bee reduced into one onely payment seeing that the appointed money for this effect should be committed to custodie into a certaine place and that these should not come into his Maiesties coffers except they were imployed against the Turke Besides all the Estates graunted during the space of two yeeres the succours which followeth to wit that all the houses being vnder the precinct of fees belonging to Princes Barons and Gentlemen as well Spirituals as fenditaries should pay for one yeere halfe a Dollor except the publike Bathes the houses of Pastors and the shops of Artisans that the towne of Prage and the other subiects to the Emperour and those who make the third estate of the kingdome should pay three Dollors for euery house All the cities boroughs and villages euery one gaue 100. Duckets the labourers 9. the seruants and mercinaries a white groshe those who put mony to interest aswell spirituall as secular payed so much to his Maiestie which the interest came vnto by their bargaines but if the Emperour should goe in person to the warre against the Turke they should be bound hauing 10000. dollors at interest to entertaine in the warre a horseman well armed for foure moneths and that the poorer sorte should contribute rate for rate of their goods and the same should be practised if they had neede for the defence of the 15. Dukedomes of Bohemia to wit in entertayning one horseman well armed for euery reuenew of 6000. dollers and 10. footemen for a 100. subiects which should be vnder his fee. By this meanes the Emperour was succoured from all parts with men and monie to preuent any more a suddaine surprisall by the enemie when at any time he would againe make incursions into Hungarie On the other side Schuendy after one siege had yeelded vnto him by composition their liues and baggage saued the Castle of Mourach situated in Transiluania All these preparations and this losse gaue the Transiluanian sufficient matter to thinke of for that this Fortres was of great importance to him being on the way betwixt Polonia and Russia from whence by this occasion he could not draw any more succours except with a long compasse by Moldauia which was a very teadious and daungerous iourney After this taking Schuendy went to besige Hust a place of no lesse importance then the other These enterprises and executions gaue vehement suspition that betweene the Emperour and the Turke would neuer be any accord although afterwards both the one part and other treated thereof considering that in precedent yeares by reason of the same place of Mourach all the negotiation of peace was broken betweene Ferdinand and Iohn it being verie likely that the Transiluanian for
Maiestie hauing vnderstood that Selim had sent an armie towards Muscouia by Podolia and Kiania Prouinces of the kingdome of Polonia against the Duke of Muscouia who hindered the cutting which the Turke would haue made in the riuer of Volga fearing that vnder false intelligence it might turne against himselfe sent an Ambassadour of his to Constantinople by him to giue Selim to vnderstand how the Transiluanian against the articles of truce was in armes and caused it to be bruited abroad that he would assayle Hungarie and vpon this he desired his greatnes not to censure hardly of him if he defended himselfe assuring him that though he had not giuen any consentment to such new enterprises yet he had giuen sufficient order and as much as was needfull for opposing himselfe against Iohn but if this enterprise was done with his consent he not knowing of his part any occasion thereof he desired him that he would at one word tel him to the end he might iustifie his cause or else freely to accept of warre Selim answered him that he had neither aduised nor consented thereto neither for the one nor other and promised him if the Transiluanian or Moldauian were in armes to offend or disturbe him that both the one and other should be by him punished The Emperour satisfied by this answere afterwards laboured to doe so much to effect this that certaine of the principall of the Hungars who were discontent with him for that they were not in such esteeme with his Maiestie as they thought they had well deserued should not proceede any further in rebellion which alreadie began to be on foote towards Cassouia and Tocchay these Lords being prouoked thereto by the Transiluanian as afterward was knowne who did solicite them with fayre promises making on his part great preparations the better to seaze himselfe of certaine other important places But the Turke writ to him that he should desist and threatned to depriue him of his estate if in that time he enterprised any thing against the Emperour The Hungars being thus remoderated and pacified with their King gaue order to repayre their Fortresses In this time the Emperour would neuer condiscend to the perswasions of the Venecians or Pope to make warre vpon the Turke saying he well knew that in time matters would bee pacified and he alone should remaine charged with the burthen of the warre The cause which moued the Venecians to stirre vp as well the Emperour as other Christian Monarches was that they might preuaile against the Turke who had sent to them a Chiauss to demaund the kingdome of Cypresse as depending on the East Empire and well knowing that they had not forces sufficient to withstand so great a Lord they did solicite the Pope that he would giue them ayde and in like sort to employ his Holines to all the Princes for the same effect for which they had dispatched to his Emperiall Maiestie Iacques Soranze a Venecian a man greatly esteemed with charge to goe further to the King of Polonia But the goodly and apparant reasons of this man could effect nothing with Maximilian for the onely consideration which we haue said and faining himselfe ill at ease dismissed Soranze breaking all hope to ioyne Germanie in this league Selim on the other part hauing some doubt that the Transiluanian would accord with the Emperour although he was well assured of Maximilian by reason of the truce and many other businesses dispatched together caused the towne of Buda to bee fortified and other his places of Hungarie The Pope not minding to be directed with the first word by the declarations that Maximilian had made to the discourses and perswasions which his Nonce had vsed to his Maiestie the Emperour to please his Holines caused a Diet to be called at Spire where hauing caused very largely to bee layd out the demaunds of the Pope and Venecians with many offers made to his Maiestie by the Leaguers after many aduices it was resolued that they would doe no other thing therein although they had certaine knowledge of more then one person that there were there many of the principals of the assembled who freely and liberally would accord to the Popes demaunds they being aduised that it was an excellent occasion to preserue Christendome and specially Germanie and Hungarie from so many imminent perils as enuironed them With this resolution the Diet was dissolued in which no other thing was done but the voluntarie yeelding that the Emperour made to his sonne Rodolph of the kingdomes of Hungarie and Bohemia with the consent of the Lords of both the kingdomes in regard of which they made at Vienna and Ispurch great feasts and triumphs Within a while after Sigismond King of Polonia sent his Ambassadours to the said Rodolph to congratulate with him for the honours which he had receiued of his father and within a very little while after this King who was of the ancient house of Iagellons departed this world This man was the sonne of Sigismond the first of that name and of Bonna the daughter of the Duke of Millan and had no other brothers but onely foure sisters He maried one of the daughters of the Emperour Ferdinand who being dead he maried for his second wife one of his subiects a gentlewoman endued with exquisit beautie and incomparable grace by whom he had not any children He caused not his warlike deedes so to appeare against the Turkes Muscouits and Tartars as his father did but neuerthelesse he knew well to maintaine his kingdome in peace For default of issue begotten by him the Princes and Lords of the kingdome who haue authoritie for the election of a new King assembled themselues to chuse another there being remaining of the Iagellons but one sister of the last deceased not yet maried The succession of this kingdome doth not ordinarily fall to the kindred of the dead but commeth sometimes by election for which is made a great assemblie tearmed amongst them and the Germanes a Diet. In this there are present fifteene Prelates of the kingdome to wit the Archbishop of Gnesna chiefe of all and Legat natus for the Pope in Poland the Archbishop of Leopolde the Bishop of Carcouia he of Vratislauia the Bishops of Chelmen Polocen Varnia Clunem Presmilia and of Cameneren which ten Bishops are of the kingdome There are foure other of Lituania who also haue their voyce at such Diets to wit the Bishop of Samogithie of Vilne of Chronien and of Lutturiensa After these Prelates there are present the gouernours of Castles amongst which the most noted is he of Cracouia who is the most fauoured of the King for that he hath in his custodie the life of his Maiestie This man goeth before the Palatins of Poland which are those of Cracouia Posnania Colosense Siradiense Bresten Lanticiense Russia Innonbleuia Iublinense Belcense Plocen Rauense and he of Massouia With these came the seuen Palatins of Lituania to wit
he of Vilne Kioky Samogithia Trocense Vitiliense Polocense and he of Nouograde The Palatins haue many Prouinces vnder them and euery Prouince sendeth thither two messengers The Chauncellor Vicechauncellor Treasurer of the kingdome and he of the Court haue in this assemblie places in the first rank All that which is resolued vpon in this Diet by the greatest part of those that are there is held firme and stable And if therein be treated any matter which belongeth not to the election of a new King it may be resolued in this assemblie although it bee against the Kings will And from thence it commeth that the Kings are lesse warlike in action then in courage because that they cannot vndertake any warre if it bee not graunted to them by such assemblies This Diet whereof we now write for the election of a new King was appointed at Varsouia To it were come many Ambassadours from the greatest Princes of Europe some requesting and suing for their Masters and others soliciting in the behalfe of those whom they would recommend From Charles the King of France there was first come thither the Lord of Lansac well vnderstanding the Slauonian tongue and greatly experienced in these Northerly countries and after there came thither the Bishop of Valence of the house of Monluc a good Oratour as also the Lord of Rambouillet These men by reason of their goodly speech and fayre promises setting out also the great reputation that the Duke of Aniou brother to Charles had alreadie gotten through all the world by the great armies which alreadie he had conducted in those yong yeeres wherein he was did so well that he for whom they spake was chosen King of Poland and the election published presently there was dispatched a Lord of Poland to the said Duke of Aniou who then as Lieutenant generall for King Charles held the towne of Rochell besieged This Prince hauing receiued this gracious newes which tended nothing else but to the encrease of his glorie because he saw that it was extended to the vttermost parts of the world as well by the proper nature thereof which is to flie with renowne from one Region to another by passing the seas as also by reason of so many Northerly Princes against whom contrarie to all mens opinions he carried away the credit and honor to be reputed the most valiant and warlike Prince of all considering that this siege by reason of the strength of the towne and valiantnes of the souldiours who were within was to continue so long a time that it might bring some preiudice to his new estate and also being pricked forward by this Polish Lord who was come to him who had been thereto solicited by them that fauoured the assieged his Highnes praied the King his brother that he would giue him leaue and dismisse his armie after he had made some accord with the Rochellers to the end to aduise vpon his particular affayres and to hasten his voyage into Poland He being come to Paris and by the perswasion of the King hauing accepted this election and sworne betweene the hands of the Ambassadours who were alreadie arriued in this towne appointed by the generall assemblie of the kingdome of Poland to keepe and obserue the conditions with which he had been chosen and the lawes of the kingdome without preiudicing neuerthelesse his successiue right to the Crowne of France if it should so fall out after he had amassed great store of money to the summe of two millions as well to content those who had chosen him as to make his voyage he departed from the Court accompanied with the Queene his mother and with many other Princes and Lords of France whereof some and the greatest part accompanied him vnto Polonia Passing through the countrie of the Count Palatin he there receiued some discourtesie by this Lord in shewing him the picture of the deceased Admirall of France called Coligny otherwise Chastillon slaine with many other Lords of the pretended reformed religion in the towne of Paris the 24. of August the last precedent yeere the which Admirall was alwaies assisted by men of warre and counsell sent by the said Lord to the warres which for the space of tenne or twelue yeeres were maintained in France for Religion As this man thought to braue this Prince on the other side the Duke of Saxonie was astonished at the comming of this new King passing through his countrie seeing neere him the Polonians in armes In the end Henry at the beginning of the yeere entered into his kingdome he being receiued thereinto with great applause and after hauing againe sworne the obseruance of the countrie lawes he receiued the tokens and royall Ensignes according to the ancient custome Almost about the same time yet a little before Stephen otherwise called Iohn sonne of Iohn the Vayuode and King of Transiluania departed this world without any lawfull issue By reason of this decease there began to breake forth new troubles in Transiluania because that the Turke procured that this Prouince which was commodious to him for the passage into Hungarie should maintaine it selfe in league with him and vnder the same confederacie which was betweene him and Iohn On the other side Maximilian aspired to this kingdome as well by the right and inheritance of his deceased mother who had succeeded King Lewis her brother as also by reason of Stephens will and testament who at his death had named him his heire and ordained that this kingdome should bee yeelded to him pricked thereto perhaps by remorse of conscience or else fearing that it should fall into the Turkes hands who made to him great suite therefore which could not happen but to the great damage of all Christendome But the Barons of the countrie did not so presently resolue vpon that which they should haue done because that on the one side they seared the Turkes forces who would not faile to endamage them if they should giue themselues to the Emperour On the other side they feared worse if they should elect a King at his deuotion Vpon such feares many moneths passed without any resolution Certaine men of note fearing the iust anger of the Emperour against them because during the life of King Iohn they banded against his Emperiall Maiestie in manner of hostilitie firmely resisted those who fauoured Maximilians part and who demaunded that the testament of the dead should bee put in execution These feares engendred amongst them great diuersitie which was an occasion long to delay their last resolution But within a few moneths after it was finally concluded amongst them that they should particularly chuse a King of their nation minding thereby to preserue their kingdome and that they might remaine in peace with the Turke they would pay him the accustomed tribute and that he who should be chosen King should maintaine himselfe in peace with the Emperour they all iudging thereby that the Turke would haue occasion to content
brother King of Polonia being aduertised of his death made present instance to the Lords of Poland to permit him to goe into France to take possession of so great a kingdome and to set things in order there promising them to returne againe within few moneths The Pollacques would not willingly graunt to him that which he demaunded neuerthelesse they aunswered him that they would consent thereunto if so be that for that effect a Diet should be assembled without which they could graunt him nothing In the meane time his Maiestie gaue order to locke vp his best implements and Iewels and to depart secretly with all speed and after he had sent away before the Ambassadour of France vnder coulour that his authoritie was expired by the decease of his Master and seeing that to attend any longer the resolution of this Diet which the Pollacques delayed from day to day of purpose to detaine him and being resolued to depart he caused to be written in his name by the Lord of Pibrac a letter in Latin to the Senat of Poland by which his Maiestie aduertised them that the occasion more then apparant and the neede of France forced him to depart from their kingdome sooner then hee thought for without further expecting the issue of the Diet he being solicited by messengers vpon messengers to doe it by the Princes and Lords of France and especially by the Queene his Mother without further expecting the issue of the Diet. Hauing left these letters vpon his table and as the said Lord of Pibrac had ended them his Maiestie departed in the night from Cracouia out at a secret posterne of which he vsually had the keyes to goe on hunting and being mounted on horsebacke he made so good speed that within a short time he was out of the limits of the kingdome of Poland and being come to the confines of the Emperours territories he was receiued by his Emperiall Maiestie and by his children with all demonstration of great amitie and by them conducted to Vienna where he was honored and vsed with all manner of honorable respects From thence hee went to Venice where the Seigniorie prouided for him a magnificent enterie After that he passed by Ferrara Mantua and Turin being greatly entertayned by the Princes of Italie An Ambassadour of Poland met him at Ferrara who greatly complayned himselfe of his Maiestie and protested that if hee returned not within a short time the Polonians were resolued to make choise of a new King for that this kingdome could not remaine without the presence of a King His Maiestie desired him to stay this resolution promising him to returne within a short time From Turin within few daies he arriued in France at the same time that the Hungars giuing order to their affayres and fortifying their frontier places against the Turkes prepared for the warre and this they did so much the more willingly for that they already saw amongst them many disorders and that in Transiluania there was declared King by the commaund of the Turke Stephen Battor a man of great experience of whom they had some feare and not without cause Vpon such distrusts and with such preparations they began both of the one part other greatly to be indamaged But during such feares as the Hungars had by reason of the Turke he alreadie preparing to destroy all Christians and feeling himselfe marueilously puffed vp with glorie by reason of the happie successes which betided him in Africa and thinking to take away from the Venecians the I le of Candie as he had done that of Cypresse he dyed within few daies after He was a Prince aboue all other of his time greatly periurious barbarous and wholly fraughted with treacherie he being not come to this Empire but by deceits and falsehoods hauing induced his father to cause all his brethren to be massacred as it was afterwards auerred and hauing thus filled his house with homicides and murthers he obserued not any law or religion but was drowned in all filthie and vilanous vices whatsoeuer This death happened then when the Polonians seeing that their King Henry was peaceably possessed of the Crowne of France and that the time by him prefixed was expired many moneths alreadie past began to treate of the election of another King Henry being aduertised of their intention desired the Electors and Barons of the kingdome that they would attend vntill a certaine time in which space he promised to returne to them or else that hee would send them full commission to chuse another such as they would think to be more commodious for them To this request being ioyned the threats of Amurath the Turke the Polonians contented themselues to stay vntill the prefixed time This passed and at the last expired the Diet was appointed at Cracouia The Emperour Maximilian after that he was aduertised that the intention of the Polonians was not to remaine without the presence of a King began to negotiate with them to cause himselfe to bee chosen King amongst them On the other side Amurath who succeeded Selim hauing vnderstood the suites which the Emperour made sent to the Pollacques and aduised them to doe nothing in that affayre which was disliking to him and that he would they should chuse for their King one amongst them or else Stephen Battor King of Transiluania And the more to astonish this negotiation of Maximilian he writ vnto him by a Chiauss that he and his brothers the Archdukes should pay him tribute of all whatsoeuer they possessed otherwise that he would march into Hungarie and Austria with a puissant armie to put all to fire sword threatning him in the end that if for him or any of his he shuld practise the getting of the kingdom of Polonia he would make him repent it Notwithstanding these threats the Emperour by meanes of those who were of his partie was chosen K. of Poland against the King of Transiluania and Duke of Muscouia which two perceiuing themselues greatly disdained determined to endamage with all their forces that kingdome Maximilian being aduertised thereof and foreseeing that he should draw vpon himselfe so many and so puissant enemies and considering that he had not sufficient forces to oppose himselfe against them and especially against the Turk who prepared to thrust himselfe into Poland being offended with this that the Polonians had so slightly regarded his aduertisements and messengers fearing to trouble himselfe in a warre too daungerous for him and his from whence very hardly he could vntangle himselfe made no great shew of reioycing at this election but laying aside the care which he ought to haue had of it fained as though he knew nothing thereof prolonging by that meanes the taking possession of that kingdom vnder a hope that after the first assaults of these Princes there would not thereby happen to him in the end any other thing Neuerthelesse the Polonians fearing the puissance of the Turke who prepared himselfe to armes
would not persist in this election vsing for their excuse the long delay which Maximilian made Thus the Bishop of Cracouia many Polish and Lituanian Lords fearing the Turke and other Princes their neighbours made choise of Stephen Battor for their King hoping by this election to appease the Turke the Muscouite and other Princes who hated the greatnes of the Austrian house and on the other side this Battor was a Prince of great valour To this new election Albert Lasky Palatin would neuer consent nor performe the homage which he ought to this new King and chusing rather to abandon his countrie and goods he retired out of the kingdome with all those who fauoured the Emperiall partie Now Battor knowing that he was chosen went from thence presently into to Polonia and after he was crowned he sent into diuers Prouinces to notifie his election and namely to the Emperour Maximilian sending him word that if in former time he had been to him a friend and fauoured his actions that for the time to come he would yet honour him more and that he would respect him both as a friend and Emperour and that he should not take displeasure that this Crowne was fallen into his hands who had beene alwaies fauourable vnto him desiring that since through the dissentions of the Barons and Electors of Poland and by some wicked solicitations of some Princes who enuied the greatnes of the house of Austria and who by diuers meanes had hindered his election he would bee contented that this kingdome was come to such a person as reuerenced his Maiestie and greatly loued him and specially considering that this last election would bee the cause to quench many troubles which might be an occasion to ouerthrow the Estate of that kingdome Maximilian for all these goodly reasons and kinde offers would not be appeased but entering into choller made sufficient apparance that this election greatly displeased him adding that he would make the Polonians repent it Vpon this displeasure the Muscouit and Denmarke being ioyned together with certaine of the Emperours forces greatly endamaged by sea the riuers of Liuonia and hauing set foote on land at Plescouia ranne very farre into the countrie Battor notwithstanding being receiued and crowned King of Poland caused to be published a Decree by which he permitted all those who were retired forth of the kingdome for fauouring the Emperours part to returne home to the same Estates dignities and prerogatiues which before they had and if in case they would not returne and sweare such oth of fealtie to him as they ought they should be proclaimed rebels to his Maiestie and enemies to the Crowne In this time of the election of Battor the Emperour appointed a Diet at Ratisbone to aduise of meanes by which they might hinder that his people should not be thus daily exposed to the mercie of the common enemie who continually molested Hungarie Afterwards his Maiestie demonstrated to the Princes who were present therein and to the Ambassadours of them who were absent that he was chosen King of Polonia and that by that meanes Liuonia and Russia were fallen vnder the Empire and that the Polonians for feare of the Turke had varied in their election and afterwards chosen another whereof he was exceeding heauie further declaring to them that his intention was not to bee silent therein and for this cause desired them to assist him to the end that by meanes thereof he might preserue these two great countries to the Empire And that he might the better obtaine their forces he exhorted them all to maintaine themselues in peace one with another commaunding them that for the time to come they should not any more suffer their subiects to goe and serue straungers in their wars This Diet was transferred to Ausbourg in which he did so much that the ordinarie succours for warre was continued to him The Bohemians offered him besides the ordinarie 1500. horse and the Hungars 300. Pistoliers and 400. Harquebuziers on horsebacke and the Slesians 600. horse 100. Pistoliers and 800. Harquebuziers on horsebacke To these succours offered themselues the King of Denmarke the Duke of Saxonie Pomerania and of Brandeburg And in the end there was concluded a league betweene the Emperour the Kings of Denmarke and Swethland the Duke of Saxonie the Duke of Muscouia and the Dukes of Brandebourg and Pomerania for defence of the Empire and inuading of Polonia all these complaining for the election of Battor who that he might aspire to the Crowne of Poland against them all had presumed so much vnder the protection of the Turke Besides they feared that he in regarde of the bond which he had to Amurath would take armes against the Emperour who not content with this league sent as well in his name as in the name of the King of Spaine his Ambassadours into Persia to excite the Sophy King of Persia to make war vpon the Turke This word King is called in the Persian language Scach and the Turkes surname it Sophy which we commonly thinke to proceede of this Greeke word Sophia which signifieth wisdome which in the Turkish language signifieth wooll And the Turkes vsed this scoffe against Ismael heretofore King of Persia for that he following his opinion or heresie would teach that he must couer his head with wooll because it was more vile and base then linnen whereof the Turkes make their Turbans Battor hauing discouered the voyage of these Ambassadours caused them to be surprised in their iourney and to be massacred and sent to Amurath their letters of credence and instructions by which there were discouered vnto him the diseignes of his enemies which being reported to the Emperour he was greatly displeased thereat and caused the Ambassadours of Battor to be arested and many other Pollacques who then were in Germanie and at Vienna and sent to all the christian Princes to require ayde of them seeing the Protestants of Germanie denied him such ayde as the imminent perill required for that his Maiestie would not condiscend to the demaunds which they made to him for the affayres of Religion In this Diet notwithstanding the reclamation and hinderance of some Electors of the Empire his Maiestie caused to be declared his sonne Rodolph Emperour after him and caused to be imposed vpon him the title of King of the Romans This was then when the Muscouite Ambassadours arriued at the Court to confirme the league made with his Emperiall Maiestie their master being greatly incensed against the Polonians for that he was by them thus disdained These hauing presented to the Emperour many goodly presents offered in their masters name to his Maiestie all his abilitie to subdue Polonia Maximilian accepting these offers thanked the Ambassadours for the good affection of their Prince reseruing power to vse his ayde vntill time should require it Whilest he was in prouiding for all that which concerned the estate of the next warre his Maiestie
of Bosnia and Belgrade confer with Izabella 273 Sangiach of Alberegalis taken and lead to Vienna 330. set at libertie by ransome 338 Sassebesse fortified 127 Sauus a riuer passed by the Turkish Armie 11. 14 Saxons dwelling in the townes of Ortel a Prouince of Hungarie 13 Saxons and Sicilians naturall enemies 85 Saxons dwelling in Transiluania 100 the Saxons and Sicilians of Transiluania sweare fidelitie to Ferdinand 119 Scach a Persian word what it signifieth 353 Sclauonia part of high Pannonia 12 Sclauonia diuided from Hungarie by Drauus ibid. Seate and office of the Electors of the Empire in publike acts 302 Sebessa a riuer 164 Succours came to Lewis vpon the resolution of battaile 25. 26 Succours of Solyman to Queene Izabella 62 Succours from the Pope to Lewis 18 Succours granted to Ferdinand against the Turk 282 Succours come to the Emperour from forraine Princes 320 Secretarie in an Armie and his charge 92 Segnia a capitall towne of Dalmatia subiect to the Hungars 12 Selim by subteltie and industrie depriued his father of his Empire and life 264 Selim put to death the messenger of Mustaphaes death 272. succeedeth Solyman 331. entereth into Constantinople ibid. made his sacrifices and offerings 331. is saluted Emperour 332. leaueth Cheretsken to the reuenge of those whom he had vsed ill 337. maketh peace with Maximilian 341. sent an Armie against the Muscouite ibid. threatneth King Iohn 342. beginneth warre againe with the Hungars 350. dieth 351. his vices described ibid. Senath besieged by Vicchy 80. is succoured 81. yeelded to the Turk 130 Sepulture of Solyman sumptuous 332 Sepulture of Iob place of sacrifices in Constantinople 331 Sforce Palauicin Marquesse Comissarie generall of Ferdinands armie 128. 152. besiegeth Drigall against the coūsel of Castalde 218. is defeated by Achmet ibid. taken valiantly fighting 219 ransomed for 15000. Duckets 220 Sibinium a principall towne of Transiluania 102 Sibinio fortified 121 Sibinio a towne which was friend to Ferdinand and enemie of George 170 Sicilians and their manner of life 13 Sicilians in pay of George 83. doe mutinie ibid. are appeased ibid. Sicilians or Ceculians what nation 100 Sicilians mutiny for the death of George and are appeased by Chendy 171 the Sicilians would restore Iohn into his kingdome 253 Sighet besieged by Solyman 325. taken at the 13. assault 328 Sigismond King of Polonia confederate with the Turk 10. is in disgrace with his mother and Polonians for his wife 273. enterposeth himselfe betweene the accord of Maximilian and Iohn 287. hindered by the Duke of Muscouia to make this peace 301 death of Sigismond King of Polonia 343 Sigismond Lichtstain Ambassadour for Ferdinand to Solyman 72 Signes of great hap and repose 4. and of a great decaying and ruine ibid. Simon Erdeund Bishop of Zagrabia in succour of Iohn 26 Sirmia a large countrie ruined 9 Sirmia diuideth Hungarie from Slauonia 12 firtilitie of Sirmia 14 Souldiours murmure vpon the message of Lewis 21. demaund battaile 24 Souldiours of Ferdinand retired into a Church are cut in peeces to the number of 3000. 65 Solyman Solyman in Hungarie with a puissant armie 7.9 Solymans forces against Lewis 26 Solyman defeateth the Hungars 35. gaue his censure vpon the heads of the dead Bishops 37. sorroweth for the fortune of King Lewis and of the Queene 37. returneth to Constantinople 38. taketh the defence of Iohn 43. denounceth warre to Ferdinand 44. arriueth in Hungarie with an armie ibid. before Vienna 46. reproueth with choller his Captaines 49. raiseth the siege of Vienna 50. sent succours to Queene Izabella against Ferdinand 61. commeth to Andrionoplis in fauour of Q. Izabella 61. marcheth into Hungary 64. arriueth by Buda 68. sent presents to Stephen and to the Hungarian Lords demaunding they would send to him the said Stephen ibid. sent back Stephen to his mother and retaineth the Hungarian Lords 70. holdeth a Councell vpon the prisoners ibid. releaseth them 72. causeth the great Church of Buda to be consecrated and made sacrifice there 71. returneth to Constantinople 74. writ to Frier George in fauour of Izabella 75 Solyman incensed against George declareth him an enemie and traytor 79 Solyman in fauour of the Queene threatneth the Transiluanians 82 Solyman deceitfully answereth to the letters of Q. Izabella writ in fauour of George 91. sent to the Transiluanians to obey George ibid. Solyman prepareth an Armie against Hungarie by the Belerbey of Greece 125 Solyman sent to the Moldauian and Basha of Buda that they should succour Izabella 27 Solyman resolueth to put to death Mustapha his eldest sonne 266. is in great daunger after he had caused his eldest sonne to be strangled 270. hardly besieged by his armie 271. saueth himselfe amongst the mutinous souldiours ibid. aduanceth Mahomet the sonne of Mustapha in recompence of the innocent death of his father 272 Solyman in trouble and doubt by Baiazet his sonne 284. seeketh againe peace with Ferdinand 285. marcheth into Hungarie with a puissant armie in fauour of K. Iohn 319. arriueth there 325. besiegeth Sighet and Iula ibid. dieth 327. is carried to Constantinople 333 Soliman a Hungarian turned Turke is Gouernour of Buda 74 Solimos defended against the Turk 131 Solimos a Fortresse munitioned for two yeeres cowardly forsaken by the Spaniards 216. who are defeated by the Turk 216 Sophy the surname of the King of Persia by scoffe 353 Sopronia a towne 12 Statues of Brasse carried from Buda to Constantinople 38 Stirian souldiours of Ferdinand put in route by K. Iohn 42 Stratagems of the Turks in Hungarie 17 18. 31. 33. 34. 35. 37. 45. 46. 62. 63. 64. ibid. 65. 66. 67. 68. ibid. 69. 70. 71. 125. 127. 128. 131. 132. 137. 160. 181. 183. 184. 199. ibid. 181. 183. 184 299. ibid. 206. 207. ibid. 214. 216. 218. 219. 220. 224. 225. 233. 234. 289 290. 293. 295. 296. 318. 326. 327. ibid. 328. 329. 330. 334. 335. 249. Stridon the place where S. Hierome was borne 12 Strigonium the Metropolitane citie in Hungarie ibid. Strigonium a rich Archbishoprick 111 the Swisses sent to the Diet of Ausbourg 306 the Starres haue their returne more soone or late the one then the other 2 the great coniunction of Starres happened in these times 3 Subteltie against the conductors of Artillerie 290 Spoyle made in Hungarie by the Turk 34 45. 46 a merrie and earnest Speech of Francis Peren. 25 Skirmishes before the battaile 26 a Slaue sent by George to Oliman besieged at Lippa taken by Castalde 155 Spaniards mutinie spoyle Hungarie 255 two Spaniards reneged are cause of the taking of Themesuar 203 Spyes taken discouer the Turks deseignes 296 a French Spye in Ferdinands armie aduertiseth the Turk of the Transiluanian affayres 112. saueth himselfe by meanes of Vicchy 113 the immortall Spirit not subiect to stars 4 the State of Germanie touching the Diets 397. 398 the three States of Hungarie corrupted 3 a State come to his full perfection presently declineth 4 Stephen the sonne of Iohn King of Hungarie named Iohn by the Turks
hands of Solyman Lewis Gritty a Venetian with the fauour of Solyman ayded Iohn Buda taken by the Turks Alteburg taken by the Turks Accanges Counte Palatine of Rhene entereth into Vienna The Turke before Vienna 1 2 3 4 5 Wolfang Oder defeated the Turkish vessels vpon Danubius The constancie of the citizens of Vienna The meanes to discouer a myne The generall and last assault giuen to Vienna Anno 1529. Solyman departeth from Vienna Iohn confirmed King of Hungarie by Solymon Gritty remaineth with Iohn The sauour of Solyman to Gritty Gritty called to Constantinople and after sent into Hungarie againe Peter Vayuode of Moldauia friend to Solyman and Gritty Gritty entereth into Transiluania Emeric Vayuoyde of Transiluania and Gritty were enemies Iohn Doce incensed Gritty against Emeric Lasky aspyred to be Vayuode of Transiluania Emeric Vayuode of Transiluania slaine by Doce Lasky moued at the death of Emeric The Transiluanians in armes for the death of Emeric Gottart Stephen Maillat Gritty retired himselfe to Megest Gritty taken by the Transiluanians and afterwards executed The custome of the Transiluanians Iohn Doce torne in peeces The children of Gritty beheadded The deseignes of Abraham Basha Sentence Abraham Basha strangled The agreement betweene Ferdinand and Iohn The death of Iohn King of Hungarie Stephen the sonne of Iohn also called Iohn Izabella daughter of the King of Polonia and mother of Stephen George the Frier tutor of Stephen surnamed Iohn A discourse of the life of George George hindereth the performance of the agreement which was betweene Ferdinand and Iohn George demaundeth aide of the Turke against Ferdinand William Roccandolph Lieutenant for Ferdinand in Hungarie Buda besieged by Roccandolph Frier George a diligent Captaine Bornemisse a traytor to the Budians was executed Mahomet Basha came to succour Queene Izabella Mustafa Basha sent into Trāsiluania Forces of Mahomet Peter Vayuode of Moldauia Oliman a Persian Roccandolph remoueth his Campe. Mahomet incamped by Roccandolph Presents sent to Queene Izabella by Mahomet The I le of Chep taken by the Turks Solyman entereth into Hungarie Roccandolph raiseth his Campe. The ouerthrow of Roccandolphs armie Pesthe taken by the Turkes The death of Roccandolph Mustafa warreth in Transiluania Maillat Lieutenant for Ferdinand in Transiluania Fogar besieged by Mustafa Maillat arested prisoner among the Turkes by treason Fogar taken The Transiluanias sweare fidelitie to Stephen Solyman arriued neere vnto Buda Anno 1531. Maillat sent to Constantinople The massacre of prisoners executed by the Turkes Presents of Soliman to Stephen and to the Hungarish Lords Soliman requested that Stephen might be sent him Stephen by the perswasiō of George is sent to Solyman Buda taken by the Turkes with deceit The marueilous obedience of the Turkes Stephen sent back to Buda and the Hungarish Lords were stayed A Councell held vpon the deliuerie of the prisoners Sacrifice made by Solyman in the great Church of Buda Solyman sent Queene Izabella and her sonne Stephen to gouerne in Transiluania Peter Vicchy Gouernour of Transiluania George with the Queene ouerseer of Stephen The Queene departeth from Buda The Hungarish Lords set at libertie The death of Maillat The constancie of the Queene Ferdinand sent to Solyman to demaund peace Rich presents sent to Solyman by Ferdinand The manner to present an Ambassadour before the Turke Ferdinand demandeth to be inuested King of Hungarie by Solyman Solyman returneth to Constantinople The Queene was receiued into Transiluania by the fauour of George George vseth the treasure of the kingdome and beginneth to gouerne and little respecteth the Queene The Queene complaineth of George to Solyman George seeketh againe the fauour of Ferdinand Nicholas Salm Lieutenant generall for Ferdinand in Hungarie Tocchay The conference between George and Counte Salm. The Queene sent to Solyman aduertising him of the Friers practises George retireth and fortifieth himselfe with Sassebesse The Queene gathereth forces against George Peter Vicchy besiegeth Senath Thomas Varcocce defeated the armie of Vicchy The marueilous courage of a Ratian wife The Chiauss of Solyman in fauour of the Queene threatneth the Transiluanians The Transiluanians forsake the Queene George incamped before Albeiula The agreement between the Queene and George The arrogan cie of the Frier George taketh armes against the Turkes Deua Chendy Lieutenant of George defeareth the Transalpinians The Sicilians and Saxons naturall enemies The retraict of the Basha of Buda Turchy Iohn The retraict of the Moldauian The peace confirmed betweene the Queene and George Solyman sendeth to the Transiluanians that they should obey George The Queene incenseth the Transiluanians against George George agreeth and vnited himselfe with Ferdinand Ferdinand sendeth ayde to George Iohn Baptiste Castalde chosen to goe Lieutenant into Hungarie for Ferdinand Lieutenant generall of a Campe. A generall Comissarie of victuals A generall Treasurer A secretarie A Comissarie A Generall of the Artillerie The conduct or guard of Artillerie Canoniers Ingins to mount and dismount Artillerie Waggons and carts A Comissarie ouer the munition Pioners Captaine of the Spies Officers to clense the Campe. Waggons or carts to carrie victuals Carts to carry implements and tooles Mils and Ouens Boates and bridges Pikes Launces Caliuers c. Phisitions Surgions Barbers c. A Master of the Post Priests That the Priests haue charge of the poore and sick louldiours Commaunds that none disbandeth themselues A Captaine of the baggage Castalde goeth into Hungary An. 1551. Castalde caused Agria to be fortified Aiduchs Vsarons The armie of Castalde The riuer Tibiscus or Tisse The hill Carpatus The oratiō of Castalde to his souldiours Castalde entereth into Transiluania Debrezen Andrew Battor Thomas Nadasdy Zalnoch The Queene caused a Diet to be held at Egneth George dissolueth the Diet at Egneth George besiegeth Albeiula The description of Transiluania Walachia Moldauia Transalpiniās Rhatians Ceculians Sicilians Saxons The riuer of Marosse The riuer of Cheres Rhatians Sibinium called Hermenstat Pressouia called Cronenstat Corone Torde Cassouia Albe-iula Stephen King of Transiluania called Iohn The Marquesse of Balasse Dalmas besieged by the people of Ferdinand The Queene accordeth with George Albe-iula yeelded to George Castalde at Egneth Dalmas yeelded to Castalde The meeting of George and Castalde The subtilties betweene Castalde and George George went to the Queen Castalde went to seek George Castalde went to seeke the Queene and to declare his charge Offers made to the Queen by Castalde in the name of Ferdinand The Queene conferreth with Castalde and complaineth of George The Queene yeeldeth her selfe to Ferdinand The deuises of George to dissolue the agreements of the Queen and Castalde The second agreement betweene Ferdinand and Queene Izabella George Vayuode of Transiluania 1500. horse for the guard of George The custome and maner of Princes Ferdinand intreateth the Pope to make George a Cardinall George made Archbishop of Strigonium George disswadeth the Queene from the agreements made with Castalde The Queene accuseth George to Castalde The agreements decreed Vicchy reposeth no trust in George Battor and