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under_o the_o say_a king_n edward_n until_o he_o be_v restore_v to_o his_o estate_n in_o gascoign_n by_o the_o peace_n make_v betwixt_o the_o two_o crown_n ruby_n a_o lion_n rampant_a pearl_n be_v the_o coat-armour_n of_o roger_n mowbray_n a_o norman_a who_o be_v make_v earl_n of_o northumberland_n by_o william_n the_o conqueror_n he_o fly_v in_o battle_n malcombe_n king_n of_o scot_n and_o his_o elder_a son_n but_o after_o rebel_a against_o william_n rufus_n be_v take_v prisoner_n in_o northumberland_n and_o keep_v in_o winchester_n prison_n till_o the_o reign_n of_o henry_n the_o first_o and_o then_o die_v without_o issue_n after_o who_o decease_n king_n henry_n the_o first_o give_v all_o his_o land_n and_o arm_n to_o the_o lord_n nigell_n de_fw-fr albaine_n who_o son_n be_v call_v mowbray_n of_o who_o descend_v the_o mowbrays_n duke_n of_o norfolk_n and_o this_o coat_n be_v now_o quarter_v by_o the_o honourable_a and_o flourish_a family_n of_o the_o howard_n ruby_n a_o lion_n 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a_o express_a token_n of_o his_o placability_n or_o tractableness_n as_o
a_o display_v of_o heraldry_n manifest_v a_o more_o easy_a access_n to_o the_o knowledge_n thereof_o than_o have_v be_v hitherto_o publish_v by_o any_o through_o the_o benefit_n of_o method_n whereunto_o it_o be_v now_o reduce_v by_o the_o study_n and_o industry_n of_o john_n guillim_n late_a pursuivant_n at_o arm_n the_o five_o edition_n much_o enlarge_v with_o great_a variety_n of_o bearing_n to_o which_o be_v add_v a_o treatise_n of_o honour_n military_a and_o civil_a according_a to_o the_o law_n and_o custom_n of_o england_n collect_v out_o of_o the_o most_o authentic_a author_n both_o ancient_a and_o modern_a by_o capt._n john_n logan_n illustrateed_o with_o variety_n of_o sculptures_fw-fr suitable_a to_o the_o several_a subject_n to_o which_o be_v add_v a_o catalogue_n of_o the_o achievement_n of_o the_o nobility_n of_o england_n with_o divers_a of_o the_o gentry_n for_o example_n of_o bearing_n london_n print_v by_o s._n roycroft_n for_o r._n blome_n and_o be_v sell_v by_o 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large_a a_o bulk_n and_o the_o rather_o be_v confident_a he_o assert_v nothing_o without_o the_o authority_n of_o good_a author_n put_v my_o confidence_n in_o his_o care_n who_o be_v tender_a enough_o of_o his_o honour_n and_o loyalty_n virtue_n inherent_a in_o his_o blood_n and_o name_n witness_v the_o scotisâ—_n history_n although_o unfortunate_a therein_o three_o or_o four_o age_n ago_o nor_o may_v this_o treatise_n be_v without_o some_o error_n commit_v by_o the_o press_n and_o that_o occasion_v by_o his_o great_a distance_n in_o the_o country_n which_o if_o any_o shall_v be_v correct_v in_o the_o next_o impression_n beg_v the_o reader_n pardon_v for_o the_o present_a r._n b._n mr._n guillim_n preface_n to_o the_o reader_n how_o difficult_a a_o thing_n it_o be_v to_o produce_v form_n out_o of_o thing_n shapeless_a and_o deform_a and_o to_o prescribe_v limit_n to_o thing_n confuse_v there_o be_v none_o but_o may_v easy_o perceive_v if_o he_o shall_v take_v but_o a_o sleight_n view_n of_o the_o chaos-like_a contemperation_n of_o thing_n not_o only_o diverse_a but_o repugnant_a in_o nature_n hitherto_o concorporate_v in_o the_o generous_a profession_n of_o heraldry_n as_o the_o form_n of_o the_o pure_a celestial_a body_n mix_v with_o gross_a terrestrial_n earthly_a animal_n with_o watery_a savage_a beast_n with_o tame_a whole-footed_n beast_n with_o divide_v reptile_n with_o thing_n gressible_a fowl_n of_o prey_n with_o homebred_a these_o again_o with_o river-fowl_n airy_a insecta_fw-la with_o earthly_a also_o thing_n natural_a with_o artificial_a art_n liberal_a with_o mechanical_a military_a with_o rustical_a and_o rustic_a with_o civil_a which_o confuse_a mixture_n have_v not_o a_o little_a discourage_v many_o person_n otherwise_o well_o affect_v to_o the_o study_n of_o armoury_n and_o impair_v the_o estimation_n of_o the_o profession_n for_o redress_v whereof_o myself_o though_o unabl_a of_o many_o have_v do_v my_o best_a in_o this_o my_o display_v of_o heraldry_n to_o dissolve_v this_o deform_a lump_n distribute_v and_o digest_v each_o particular_a thereof_o into_o his_o peculiar_a rank_n wherein_o albeit_o the_o issue_n of_o my_o enterprise_n be_v not_o answerable_a to_o the_o height_n of_o my_o desire_n yet_o do_v i_o assure_v myself_o my_o labour_n herein_o will_v not_o be_v altogether_o fruitless_a forasmuch_o as_o hereby_o i_o have_v break_v the_o ice_n and_o make_v way_n to_o some_o after-comer_n of_o great_a gift_n and_o ripe_a judgement_n that_o they_o may_v give_v a_o fair_a body_n to_o this_o my_o delineate_v rough_a draught_n or_o shadow_n of_o a_o new-framed_a method_n for_o if_o man_n of_o great_a skill_n have_v fail_v to_o give_v absolute_a form_n to_o their_o work_n notwithstanding_o their_o best_a endeavour_n with_o little_a reason_n may_v such_o perfection_n be_v expect_v from_o i_o who_o talon_n be_v so_o small_a as_o that_o i_o be_o force_v to_o build_v whole_o upon_o other_o man_n foundation_n and_o therefore_o may_v be_v think_v to_o have_v undertake_v a_o idle_a task_n in_o write_v of_o thing_n former_o handle_v and_o publish_v by_o person_n of_o more_o sufficiency_n and_o great_a judgement_n notwithstanding_o who_o know_v not_o that_o as_o every_o man_n have_v his_o proper_a conceit_n and_o invention_n so_o have_v he_o his_o several_a drift_n and_o purpose_n so_o as_o divers_a man_n write_v of_o one self_o argument_n do_v handle_v the_o same_o diversty_a which_o be_v so_o what_o let_v that_o every_o of_o we_o write_v in_o a_o diverse_a kind_n may_v not_o without_o offence_n to_o other_o use_v our_o uttermost_a endeavour_n to_o give_v unto_o this_o erst_o unshape_o and_o disproportionable_a profession_n of_o heraldry_n a_o true_a symmetria_fw-la and_o proportionable_a correspondence_n of_o each_o part_n to_o other_o inasmuch_o if_o i_o be_v not_o deceive_v both_o they_o and_o myself_o do_v all_o aim_n at_o one_o mark_n which_o be_v so_o to_o adorn_v and_o beautify_v this_o science_n as_o that_o it_o be_v purge_v from_o her_o wont_a deformity_n may_v become_v more_o plausible_a to_o many_o and_o be_v
sunt_fw-la in_o honore_fw-la pares_fw-la mule_n abbot_n and_o abbess_n be_v alike_o they_o bear_v the_o weapon_n but_o can_v strike_v pearl_n a_o cheveron_n ruby_n between_o three_o leopard_n head_n diamond_n be_v the_o coat-armour_n of_o the_o right_n honourable_a francis_n viscount_n newport_n of_o bradford_n baron_n newport_n of_o high-ercall_a lord_n lieutenant_n of_o the_o county_n of_o salop_n treasurer_n of_o his_o majesty_n household_n and_o one_o of_o the_o lord_n of_o his_o most_o honourable_a privy_a council_n vert_fw-fr a_o cheveron_n between_o three_o leopard_n head_n or_o be_v the_o coat_n of_o sir_n barrow_n fitch_n of_o woodham-walter_n in_o essex_n kt._n sable_a a_o cheveron_n between_o three_o leopard_n head_n argent_fw-fr be_v the_o coat_n of_o mr._n tho._n hawes_n of_o the_o city_n of_o london_n merchant_n or_o a_o cheveron_n between_o three_o leopard_n head_n sable_a with_o the_o arm_n of_o ulster_n be_v the_o coat-armour_n of_o sir_n charles_n wheler_n of_o burbury_n in_o warwickshire_n baronet_n ancient_o of_o martin-hussingtre_a in_o the_o county_n of_o worcester_n or_o on_o a_o bend_v azure_a three_o leopard_n head_n argent_fw-fr be_v the_o coat_n of_o john_n mingay_n of_o gimingham_n in_o norfolk_n esq_n now_o in_o the_o blazon_n of_o this_o next_o ensue_a escocheon_n i_o in_o this_o present_a edition_n shall_v upon_o better_a consideration_n differ_v from_o that_o which_o i_o give_v it_o in_o my_o former_a secundae_fw-la cogitationes_fw-la saepè_fw-la sunt_fw-la meliores_fw-la chap._n xxvi_o another_z sort_n there_o be_v of_o exorbitantâ—_n animal_n much_o more_o prodigious_a than_o all_o the_o former_a such_o be_v those_o creature_n form_v or_o rather_o deform_v with_o the_o confuse_a shape_n of_o creature_n of_o different_a kind_n and_o quality_n these_o according_a to_o some_o author_n be_v call_v in_o latin_a monstra_fw-la à _fw-la monstrando_fw-la for_o foreshow_v some_o strange_a event_n these_o monster_n say_v st._n augustine_n can_v be_v reckon_v among_o those_o good_a creature_n that_o god_n create_v before_o the_o transgression_n of_o adam_n for_o those_o do_v god_n when_o he_o take_v the_o survey_n of_o they_o pronounce_v to_o be_v valdè_fw-la bona_fw-la for_o they_o have_v in_o they_o neither_o access_n nor_o defect_n but_o be_v the_o perfect_a workmanship_n of_o god_n creation_n and_o of_o they_o zanchius_n say_v that_o eorum_fw-la deformitas_fw-la habet_fw-la usus_fw-la cum_fw-la &_o deo_fw-la serviant_fw-la ad_fw-la gloriam_fw-la ipsius_fw-la illustrandam_fw-la &_o electis_fw-la ad_fw-la salutem_fw-la promovendam_fw-la if_o man_n have_v not_o transgress_v the_o law_n of_o his_o maker_n this_o dreadful_a deformity_n in_o likelihood_n have_v not_o happen_v in_o the_o procreation_n of_o animal_n which_o some_o philosopher_n do_v call_v peccata_fw-la naturae_fw-la error_n in_o nature_n quoniam_fw-la vatura_fw-la impeditur_fw-la in_o horum_fw-la generatione_n ne_fw-la possit_fw-la quale_fw-la velit_fw-la producere_fw-la animal_n some_o example_n in_o this_o kind_n here_o ensue_v vert_fw-fr a_o griffon_n rampant_a or_o be_v the_o coat_n of_o richard_n colel_v of_o coreley_n in_o shropshire_n esq_n principal_a secretary_n to_o the_o right_n honourable_a henry_n earl_n of_o st._n alban_n lord_z chamberlain_z of_o his_o majesty_n household_n azure_a a_o griffon_n sergreant_n or_o rampant_a or_o be_v the_o coat_n of_o sir_n john_n read_v of_o brocket-hall_n in_o hartfordshire_n baronet_n as_o also_o by_o the_o name_n of_o cursellis_n and_o by_o mr._n james_n cursellis_n of_o london_n merchant_n sable_a a_o griffon_n sergreant_n or_o be_v the_o coat_n of_o the_o honourable_a society_n of_o grays-inn_n be_v one_o of_o the_o four_o inn_n of_o court_n the_o erect_n of_o the_o foreleg_n of_o this_o griffon_n be_v a_o evident_a testimony_n of_o his_o readiness_n for_o action_n which_o add_v a_o second_o force_n of_o his_o attempt_n and_o promise_v a_o successful_a event_n of_o his_o enterprise_n by_o reason_n he_o unit_v force_n and_o industry_n together_o the_o griffon_n have_v attain_v his_o full_a growth_n will_v never_o be_v take_v alive_a wherein_o he_o do_v adumbrate_v or_o rather_o lively_o set_v forth_o the_o property_n of_o a_o valorous_a soldier_n who_o magnanimity_n be_v such_o as_o he_o have_v rather_o expose_v himself_o to_o all_o danger_n and_o even_o to_o death_n itself_o than_o to_o become_v a_o captive_n as_o a_o lion_n rampant_a be_v figure_v erectus_fw-la elevatus_fw-la mordax_fw-la ore_fw-la radens_fw-la pedibus_fw-la so_o may_v a_o bear_n griffon_n or_o whatsoever_o other_o animal_n of_o fierce_a nature_n as_o aforesaid_a that_o be_v shape_v in_o like_a form_n and_o action_n for_o the_o lion_n be_v not_o say_v to_o be_v rampant_a because_o he_o represent_v the_o shape_n of_o a_o lion_n but_o in_o respect_n of_o his_o fierce_a and_o cruel_a action_n so_o this_o in_o like_a manner_n use_v the_o same_o action_n may_v apert_o participate_v the_o same_o term_n of_o blazon_n his_o double_a shape_n notwithstanding_o similium_fw-la enim_fw-la similis_fw-la est_fw-la ratio_fw-la the_o poet_n do_v feign_v that_o dragon_n do_v keep_v or_o according_a to_o our_o english_a phrase_n sit_v abrood_n upon_o riches_n and_o treasure_n which_o be_v therefore_o commit_v to_o their_o charge_n because_o of_o their_o admirable_a sharpness_n of_o sight_n and_o for_o that_o they_o be_v suppose_v of_o all_o other_o live_v thing_n to_o be_v the_o most_o valiant_a adag_n col_fw-fr 515._o whereof_o ovid._n metamorph._n 7._o pervigilem_fw-la superest_fw-la herbis_fw-la sopire_fw-la draconem_fw-la the_o dragon_n be_v natural_o so_o hot_a that_o they_o can_v be_v cool_v by_o drink_v of_o water_n but_o still_o gape_v for_o the_o air_n to_o refresh_v they_o as_o appeareth_z jeremiah_n 14._o 6._o and_o the_o wild_a ass_n do_v stand_v in_o the_o high_a place_n they_o snuff_v up_o the_o wind_n like_o dragon_n their_o eye_n do_v fail_v because_o there_o be_v no_o grass_n nescio_fw-la quis_fw-la teneros_fw-la oculus_fw-la mihi_fw-la fascinat_fw-la agnoâ—â—_n i_o know_v not_o what_o wicked_a eye_n have_v bewitch_v my_o tender_a lamb_n to_o these_o must_v be_v add_v montegres_n satyr_n monk-fish_n as_o also_o lions-dragon_n lions-poison_n and_o whatsoever_o other_o double_a shape_a animal_n of_o any_o two_o or_o more_o of_o the_o particular_a kind_n before_o handle_v chap._n xxvii_o unto_o this_o will_v i_o add_v some_o sort_n of_o animal_n which_o although_o they_o be_v due_o shape_v and_o therefore_o may_v seem_v to_o agree_v with_o those_o of_o the_o same_o kind_n former_o treat_v of_o yet_o do_v they_o much_o differ_v from_o they_o either_o in_o their_o unnatural_a posture_n and_o gesture_n or_o else_o be_v with_o some_o liberty-debarring_a instrument_n by_o man_n industry_n and_o invention_n restrain_v of_o their_o natural_a freedom_n as_o by_o a_o chain_n or_o the_o like_a and_o therefore_o can_v not_o according_a to_o method_n strict_a rule_n have_v be_v handle_v promiscuous_o among_o the_o former_a some_o few_o example_n of_o this_o kind_n of_o bear_v of_o animal_n of_o this_o sort_n in_o coat-armour_n i_o here_o present_a unto_o your_o view_n argent_fw-fr a_o lion_n rampant_a regardant_a sable_a be_v the_o coat_n of_o thomas_n matthew_n of_o castle-mengch_a in_o glamorganshire_n esq_n or_o a_o lion_n rampant_a regardant_a sable_a be_v bear_v by_o john_n lloyd_n of_o keyswyn_n in_o merionethshire_n esq._n this_o action_n do_v manifest_v a_o inward_a and_o degenerate_a perturbation_n of_o the_o mind_n which_o be_v mere_o repugnant_a to_o the_o most_o courageous_a nature_n of_o the_o lion_n cujus_fw-la natura_fw-la est_fw-la imperterrita_fw-la according_a to_o the_o say_n leo_fw-la fortissimus_fw-la bestiarum_fw-la ad_fw-la nullius_fw-la pavebit_fw-la occursum_fw-la the_o form_n of_o bear_v of_o the_o lion_n regardant_a albeit_o in_o respect_n of_o his_o courage_n and_o magnanimity_n it_o be_v contrary_a to_o his_o natural_a quality_n for_o that_o it_o may_v be_v think_v and_o be_v indeed_o general_o hold_v to_o be_v a_o chief_a note_n of_o timorousness_n which_o be_v mere_o contrary_a to_o his_o generous_a nature_n yet_o nevertheless_o it_o be_v good_a armoury_n not_o only_o in_o he_o but_o also_o in_o all_o other_o animal_n of_o like_a bear_n so_o long_o as_o they_o be_v bear_v significant_o and_o it_o fit_v our_o profession_n to_o interpret_v all_o sort_n of_o bear_v to_o the_o best_a that_o be_v to_o say_v to_o the_o most_o honour_n of_o their_o bearer_n to_o the_o end_n therefore_o that_o i_o may_v give_v some_o satisfaction_n touch_v the_o commendable_a bear_n thereof_o to_o such_o as_o do_v hold_v the_o contrary_a i_o hold_v the_o same_o form_n of_o bear_v to_o be_v bear_v not_o only_o in_o the_o lion_n but_o in_o whatsoever_o other_o animal_n significant_o and_o therefore_o commendable_o forasmuch_o as_o such_o action_n betoken_v a_o diligent_a circumspection_n or_o regardful_a consideration_n of_o forepast_a event_n of_o thing_n and_o compare_v of_o they_o with_o thing_n present_a that_o he_o may_v give_v a_o conjectural_a guess_n of_o the_o effect_n of_o thing_n yet_o to_o come_v and_o rest_v
i_o will_v make_v more_o apparent_a by_o this_o next_o example_n azure_a a_o maunch_n or._n this_o with_o the_o distinction_n of_o a_o crescent_n gules_a charge_v with_o another_o or_o be_v the_o paternal_a coat-armour_n of_o edward_n conyers_n esq_n principal_a store-keeper_n of_o his_o majesty_n ordnance_n and_o armour_n in_o the_o tower_n of_o london_n who_o be_v descend_v from_o the_o family_n of_o conyers_n late_o of_o wakerly_n in_o the_o county_n of_o northampton_n be_v a_o branch_n of_o that_o ancient_a family_n of_o the_o conyers_n of_o sockburne_n within_o the_o bishopric_n of_o durham_n who_o ancestor_n in_o the_o reign_n of_o william_n the_o conqueror_n have_v the_o office_n of_o constable_n of_o the_o castle_n of_o durham_n grant_v to_o they_o in_o fee_n which_o estate_n be_v yet_o continue_v in_o the_o same_o family_n though_o not_o in_o the_o same_o name_n be_v descend_v to_o a_o only_a daughter_n of_o 〈…〉_o conyers_n of_o sockburne_n esq_n who_o marry_v the_o right_n honourable_a francis_n late_a earl_n of_o shrewsbury_n from_o this_o family_n be_v likewise_o descend_v the_o right_n honourable_a conyers_n lord_n darcy_n meynell_n and_o conyers_n of_o hornby_n castle_n in_o the_o county_n of_o york_n who_o grandfather_n thomas_n darâ—y_a esq_n marry_v elizabeth_n daughter_n and_o heir_n of_o john_n lord_n conyers_n of_o hornby_n and_o thence_o be_v also_o descend_v tristram_n conyers_n of_o walthamstow_n in_o the_o county_n of_o essex_n sergeant_n at_o law_n as_o touch_v apparel_n we_o find_v that_o though_o the_o same_o be_v make_v chief_o to_o clothe_v our_o nakedness_n yet_o shall_v we_o find_v that_o they_o be_v not_o only_o ordain_v by_o the_o invention_n of_o man_n but_o also_o allow_v and_o for_o some_o special_a end_n express_o command_v by_o god_n himself_o to_o be_v make_v and_o provide_v as_o well_o for_o glory_n as_o also_o for_o ornament_n and_o comeliness_n as_o appear_v exod._n 28._o likewise_o thou_o shall_v embroider_v the_o fine_a linen_n coat_n and_o thou_o shall_v make_v the_o mitre_n of_o fine_a linen_n and_o thou_o shall_v make_v the_o girdle_n of_o needle_n work_n and_o for_o aaron_n be_v son_n thou_o shall_v make_v coat_n and_o thou_o shall_v make_v for_o they_o girdle_n and_o bonnet_n shall_v thou_o make_v for_o they_o for_o glory_n and_o for_o beauty_n rich_a garment_n and_o costly_a jewel_n be_v reckon_v ornament_n as_o appear_v 2_o sam._n 1._o 24._o you_o daughter_n of_o israel_n weep_v over_o saul_n who_o clothe_v you_o in_o scarlet_n with_o other_o delight_n who_o put_v on_o ornament_n of_o gold_n upon_o your_o apparel_n and_o they_o be_v call_v ornament_n because_o they_o do_v illustrate_v and_o adorn_v or_o beautify_v the_o person_n that_o be_v garnish_v with_o they_o to_o this_o head_n may_v be_v reduce_v all_o sort_n of_o thing_n whatsoever_o pertain_v to_o the_o adorn_v deck_v or_o trime_a of_o the_o body_n as_o comb_n glass_n head-brush_n curling-bodkin_n etc._n etc._n and_o also_o purse_n knife_n etc._n etc._n sir_n thomas_n palmer_n of_o leigh_n near_o tunbridge_n in_o kent_n kt._n grandfather_n to_o the_o elder_a sir_n henry_n palmer_n kt._n before_o recite_v be_v owner_n of_o the_o manor_n of_o tottington_n and_o eccles_n in_o aylesford_n and_o boxley_n adjoy_v to_o snodland_n aforesaid_a which_o come_v unto_o this_o family_n by_o a_o match_n with_o a_o daughter_n of_o the_o lord_n poynings_n and_o katherine_n palmer_n this_o sir_n thomas_n palmer_n sister_n be_v marry_v to_o john_n roe_n of_o boxley_n in_o kent_n gent._n father_n of_o reginald_n roe_n of_o leigh_n aforesaid_a gent._n ancestor_n to_o sir_n thomas_n roe_n kt._n live_v 1632._o who_o worthy_a merit_n in_o the_o discharge_n of_o many_o embassage_n wherein_o he_o have_v be_v employ_v by_o this_o state_n deserve_v to_o be_v remember_v with_o a_o honourable_a character_n in_o respect_n we_o be_v now_o come_v to_o speak_v of_o stamp_n and_o coin_n i_o hold_v it_o not_o impertinent_a by_o the_o way_n to_o give_v some_o little_a touch_n of_o the_o royalty_n of_o coin_v it_o be_v therefore_o to_o be_v observe_v that_o the_o power_n to_o coin_v money_n have_v be_v evermore_o reckon_v to_o be_v one_o of_o the_o prerogative_n that_o in_o our_o common_a law_n we_o do_v call_v jura_n regalia_z and_o pertain_v to_o the_o sovereign_a power_n among_o many_o regal_a immunity_n to_o that_o supreme_a jurisdiction_n peculiar_o belong_v and_o to_o none_o other_o nevertheless_o we_o read_v that_o monarchical_a king_n and_o sovereign_a state_n have_v impart_v this_o prerogative_n or_o pre-eminence_n unto_o other_o their_o inferior_n upon_o special_a acceptable_a service_n do_v or_o for_o whatsoever_o private_a respect_n as_o we_o may_v see_v maccab._n 15._o 6._o where_o among_o many_o other_o preeminence_n grant_v by_o antiochus_n the_o son_n of_o demetrius_n to_o simon_n the_o high_a priest_n which_o have_v be_v former_o grant_v to_o he_o by_o the_o predecessor_n of_o antiochus_n he_o enable_v he_o to_o coin_v money_n say_v i_o give_v thou_o leave_v to_o coin_v money_n of_o thy_o own_o stamp_n within_o thy_o country_n to_o this_o head_n must_v be_v reduce_v all_o other_o sort_n of_o bullion_n or_o coin_n and_o whatever_o else_o pertain_v to_o traffic_v or_o commerce_n by_o this_o open_a purse_n we_o may_v understand_v a_o man_n of_o a_o charitable_a disposition_n and_o a_o frank_a and_o liberal_a steward_n of_o the_o blessing_n which_o god_n have_v bestow_v upon_o he_o for_o the_o relief_n of_o the_o needyâ—_n of_o such_o a_o one_o st._n hierome_n have_v this_o say_n non_fw-la memini_fw-la i_o legisse_fw-la mala_fw-la morte_fw-la mortuum_fw-la qui_fw-la libenter_fw-la opera_fw-la charitatis_fw-la exercuit_fw-la habet_fw-la enim_fw-la multos_fw-la intercessores_fw-la &_o impossibile_fw-it est_fw-la multorum_fw-la preces_fw-la non_fw-la exaudiri_fw-la though_o the_o shoe_n be_v a_o habit_n serve_v for_o the_o foot_n which_o be_v the_o most_o inferior_a part_n of_o man_n body_n yet_o it_o be_v not_o therefore_o to_o be_v contemn_v forasmuch_o as_o it_o be_v a_o note_n of_o progression_n and_o very_o behoveful_a for_o traveller_n in_o the_o scripture_n it_o be_v often_o take_v for_o expedition_n as_o psal._n 60._o in_o idumaeam_fw-la extendam_fw-la calceamentum_fw-la meum_fw-la and_o proceed_v to_o idumea_n i_o will_v cast_v my_o shoe_n over_o it_o it_o be_v a_o ancient_a custom_n among_o the_o israelite_n in_o transfer_v of_o possession_n for_o he_o that_o depart_v therewith_o to_o pluck_v off_o his_o shoe_n and_o to_o deliver_v the_o same_o to_o his_o neighbour_n as_o now_o it_o be_v with_o we_o to_o pass_v livery_n and_o seisâ—_n of_o inheritance_n by_o the_o delivery_n of_o a_o turf_n and_o sprig_n take_v off_o the_o ground_n and_o deliver_v the_o same_o to_o the_o purchaser_n as_o appear_v in_o the_o book_n of_o ruth_n where_o it_o be_v say_v now_o this_o be_v the_o manner_n before_o time_n in_o israel_n concern_v redeem_n and_o change_v for_o to_o establish_v all_o thing_n a_o man_n do_v pluck_v off_o his_o shoe_n and_o give_v it_o to_o his_o neighbour_n and_o this_o be_v a_o sure_a witness_n by_o which_o ceremony_n he_o public_o acknowledge_v that_o he_o have_v transfer_v and_o put_v over_o his_o whole_a right_n unto_o the_o purchaser_n ruth_n 4._o 7_o 8_o 9_o but_o in_o after_o age_n it_o seem_v the_o jew_n pass_v inheritance_n by_o charter_n seal_v and_o testify_v by_o witness_n a_o custom_n of_o use_n with_o we_o at_o this_o day_n at_o the_o common_a law_n as_o appear_v in_o the_o prophecy_n of_o jeremiah_n man_n shall_v buy_v field_n for_o money_n and_o make_v writing_n and_o seal_v they_o and_o take_v witness_n in_o the_o land_n of_o benjamin_n and_o round_o about_o jerusalem_n etc._n etc._n 32._o 44._o and_o again_o jer._n 32._o 25_o and_o thou_o have_v say_v unto_o i_o o_o lord_n god_n buy_v unto_o thou_o a_o field_n for_o silver_n and_o take_v witness_n and_o i_o buy_v the_o field_n of_o hananeel_n my_o uncle_n son_n that_o be_v in_o anathoth_n and_o weigh_v he_o the_o money_n even_o seventeen_o shekel_n of_o silver_n and_o i_o subscribe_v the_o evidence_n and_o seal_v it_o and_o take_v witness_n and_o weigh_v he_o the_o money_n in_o the_o balance_n etc._n etc._n now_o since_o i_o be_o casual_o fall_v upon_o this_o argument_n of_o seal_v of_o deed_n i_o hold_v it_o not_o amiss_o to_o give_v some_o little_a touch_n by_o the_o way_n of_o the_o first_o come_v in_o of_o this_o custom_n of_o seal_v in_o this_o our_o nation_n which_o be_v now_o of_o so_o frequent_a use_n among_o we_o first_o it_o be_v to_o be_v observe_v that_o our_o ancestor_n the_o saxon_n have_v not_o the_o same_o in_o use_n for_o they_o use_v only_o to_o subscribe_v their_o name_n common_o add_v the_o sign_n of_o the_o cross._n and_o i_o need_v not_o to_o prove_v the_o same_o by_o the_o testimony_n of_o divers_a witness_n for_o this_o custom_n continue_v here_o in_o