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ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A45832	Saturday no sabbath, or, The seventh-day Sabbath proved to be of no force to the beleeving Gentiles in the times of the Gospel, by the law of nature, Moses, Christ being an account of several publique disputations held at Stone-Chappel by Pauls, London, between Dr. Chamberlain, Mr. Tillam, and Mr. Coppinger ... and Jer. Ives ... : together with an appendix in which the said question is more fully and plainly discussed ... / by Jer. Ives.	Ives, Jeremiah, fl. 1653-1674.	1659 (1659)	Wing I1104; ESTC R24396	120,548	256

why beleeving Gentiles should keep the Sabbath is taken from the command in Exod. 20.8 9 10 where God requireth Israel to keep the seventh-day sabbath therefore Gentile beleevers are bound to keep it I answer That this Law was given to none but Israel as appears Psal 137.19 20. He hath given his Laws to Jacob his statues and judgments to Israel be hath not done so to any Nation Again the Apostle tells us Rom. 2. That the Jews were under the Law but the Gentiles were without the Law Argum. 3 The Gentiles must keep all the nine commandments therefore they must keep the seventh-day sabbath I answer They are bound to all the nine expresly and particularly by the light of Nature and the Law of Christ but they are not so bound to the seventh-day sabbath Again that Law of the fourth Commandment binds us as to A time to worship though not that time of the seventh-day But secondly might not these men as well object this against the Apostle who expresly complains of the Gentiles for the breach of all the nine Commandments but not a word that they did not keep the seventh-day sabbath as I shall shew by and by which doubtless he would have had an occasion to have done had the seventh-day sabbath-breaking been a breach of a Moral Law as well as the other nine precepts Argum. 4 Another Argument is taken from the Reasons of the Law given to Israel which are first God gave this as a Reason why Israel should rest the seventh-day because in six days he made Heaven and Earth therefore if this Reason be beleeved by Christian Gentiles then this Law should be observed by them Secondly God commanded Israel to rest the seventh-day because it was the sabbath of the Lord their God therefore if Jehovah be the Lord our God his sabbath must be our sabbath Thirdly God did command this duty for the good of our servants and cattle therefore if we will shew mercy to them we must keep the seventh-day sabbath I answer to the first that the Reason of a Law may be universal and always remain when the Law doth not remain as for instance the Reason why God would have the people of Israel to sanctifie the Priests the sons of Aaron was because he was the Lord that did sanctifie them Levit 21. 8. Now I hope all Christian Gentiles beleeve that God doth sanctifie them but doth it therefore follow that because God doth sanctifie beleeving Gentiles that therefore they must sanctifie a Levitical Priesthood Secondly The place of Israels worship was called the house of the Lord God doth it therefore follow that beleeving Gentiles must therefore sanctifie that place because God is the God of the Gentiles no more doth it follow that because the seventh-seventh-day was the sabbath of the Lord God that therefore the beleeving Gentiles must observe it Thirdly Whereas it is said we must rest the seventh-seventh-day that we may shew mercy to our servants and cattle I answer we can do that by resting the first day of the week as well as by resting the seventh Secondly If because that we must shew mercy be a Reason why we should keep the seventh-day sabbath because Israel was to keep it for that Reason then we must also drink deeper of this cup of Judaism and keep the seventh-yeer sabbath because that was commanded for the benefit of the poor Exod. 23.11 That the poor of thy people may eat c. So that the Reasons of a Law may have a being when the Law hath none as appears by the Reason of the sanctifying the Priest it was because God sanctifies the people yet though we do beleeve that God doth sanctifie us yet we are not therefore to sanctifie the Legal Priesthood in like manner though we do beleeve with Abraham Isaak and Jacob that God made Heaven and Earth in six days and rested the seventh yet this is no Reason why we rather then they should observe that day any more then why we should observe the other Judaical Laws whose Reasons are still the same though the Laws are changed Argum. 5 The next Arguments follow from the Scriptures of the New Testament and they are such as pretend to command and example even as the former I shall first speak to those Texts that are cited to prove that the seventh-day sabbath was commanded in the New Testament and the first is Mat. 5.17 18. the words are these Think not that I am come to destroy the Law and the Prophets I am not come to destroy but to fulfil For I say unto you that till Heaven and Earth pass one jot or one tittle shall in no wise pass from the Law till all be fulfilled Whence it is inferred that the seventh day sabbath was a part of the Law and therefore it should remain as long as Heaven and Earth remain I answer first that offering of sacrifices is also a part of this Law but doth it follow therefore that beleeving Gentiles must offer sacrifices to the end of the world and that offering of sacrifices is a point of this Law see v. 23 24. where our Lord as truly commands that a man should come and offer his gift upon the Altar after he is reconciled to his brother as he doth injoyn any other duty the like he commands of the leper that was cleansed Mat. 8. ● Secondly Christ saith the same thing of the Prophets as well as of the Law that they shall not pass away till they are fulfilled and yet many of them were fulfilled in Christs time Thirdly Christ saith of his own words Matth. 24.35 That Heaven and Earth shall pass away but his word shall not pass and yet the 34 ver saith that that Generation should not pass away till all those things were fulfilled The meaning then was clearly this that rather then either the Law or his word should pass unfulfilled Heaven and Earth should pass which doth in no wise argue that all the Law and Prophets should remain unfulfilled till the Heavens should be no more for the Text tells us He came to fulfil the Law and Prophets so that if all the Law and Prophets be unfulfilled Christ did not answer the end of his coming and if any be fulfilled then ALL the Law must not last till the Heavens be no more and if any be fulfilled then the seventh-day sabbath may be fulfilled since the sabbath is called a shadow of good things to come Col. 2.16 17. However if any of that Law Mat. 5. be fulfilled by Christ no man can conclude reasonably from that Text that the seventh-day sabbath is in force Lastly Though all this Law Mat. 5. was in force before Christs death yet we are freed from the Law by the death of Christ Rom. 7.2 3 6. therefore no Argument can be drawn from this Text to prove the seventh-day sabbath unless Christ or his apostles had reinforced the observation of it after his Resurrection Argum. 6 I come now to

bound either by the Law of Nature Moses or Christ to keep the seventh-day sabbath Ergo All beleeving Gentiles are not bound to keep the seventh-day Sabbath It was answered yesterday that beleeving Gentiles were bound by the Law of Moses to keep the seventh-day sabbath some Arguments were then urged to prove that beleeving Gentiles are not bound by Moses Law to keep the seventh-day sabbath the last of which Arguments did relate to the 20 of Exodus which I thus framed and do again urge it that it may be answered If that Law Exod. 20 which requireth the observation of the seventh-day sabbath be in force to the beleeving Gentiles then the punishment due to the trasgression of that Law by the Law-makers appointment is in force to the beleeving Gentiles also But the punishment due to the transgression of that Law Exod. 20. by the Law-makers appointment is not in force to the beleeving Gentiles Ergo That Law Exod. 20. that requireth the observation of the seventh-day sabbath is ●ot in force to beleeving Gentiles Dr. Chamberlain As to the Law of Nature Moses and Christ 〈◊〉 do not think there is so many Law-givers as 〈◊〉 have so many distinctions but I do own 〈◊〉 20 of Exodus for a binding Law because 〈◊〉 Saviour saith Mat. 5. I am not come to destroy 〈◊〉 Law c. Now then If not one jor or tittle 〈◊〉 the Law shall fail then not the sabbath and consequentially not the punishment annexed ●wor● the breach of it for without punishment 〈◊〉 Law is of no force for the strength of the 〈◊〉 being for the curbing of sinful Nature is 〈◊〉 no use unless there be a punishment and ●ithout it the Law would lose its force and ●●gor and the execution of this Law is in the ●nd of such Magistrates as are Administrators ●●der Christ Mr. Ives The Dr. should have directed his answer to my Argument by assigning a punishment appointed by the Law-maker to be inflicted upon beleeving Gentiles for not keeping the seventh-day sabbath but in stead thereof he confessth that the Law is of no force without a punishment well then by his own confession if there be no punishment to be inflicted upon the beleeving Gentiles then the Law that commands if any such there be hath lost its force and vigor and that the punishment is not in force I prove by this Argument If the punishment due to the breach of the seventh-day sabbath required Exod. 20. be in force by the Law-makers appointment to beleeving Gentiles then the Law-maker hath appointed some or other to inflict it but he hath appointed none to inflict it Ergo. Dr. Chamberlain I shall find out a better answerer then my self and that is the Apostle Paul Rom. 13. and 1 Pet. 2.13 1 Pet. 4.15 in which text an evil doer is the general word and all evil doing is punishable by the Magistrates these are Sermons preached by Paul and Peter Mr. Ives My Argument was If the punishment in the LAW be in force then God hath appointed some or other to inflict it and if he hath I desired the Doctor to assign who God had appointed to inflict that punishment upon beleeving Gentiles which was appointed in the Law for seventh-day sabbath breakers and in stead thereof he cites several texts which we well knew before none of which requireth the Magistrate to punish the beleeving Gentiles with death for not observing the seventh-day Sabbath For first here is no mention made of the Sabbath nor of the punishment what it should be Secondly If by the Magistrates punishing all evil must be meant all the evils against the first Table as well as the Second then the Magistrate may and must determine all Doctrinal truths and punish such as shall err from his determination which the Dr. will not allow Thirdly the Dr. hath at one blow given away the Cause which the good people of this land have contended for in blood for this many yeers * Which is that they might have liberty to worship God according to their Consciences and that the Magistrate may not be a judg in Spirituals to punish with death or imprisonment all that differ from him in matters of faith or worship And lastly It is a begging the Question to take it for granted that Sabbath-breaking I mean the seventh-day Sabbath-breaking is an evil before it be proved to be so Dr. Chamberlain I shall own and have printed that Magistrates are allowed of God to punish the duties of the first and second Table only with this caution that he is not to apply Legal punishments to Gospel sins nor Gospel punishments to Legal sins and this I have proved out of the evidences of Peter and Paul so that as the Magistrate is to punish all outward Idolatry Swearing and Blasphemy so also the Sabbath but not that which is of mans invention but the seventh-seventh-day Sabbath which the Lord sanctified and for which he calls himself Lord of sabbaths and Christ was both a keeper and preacher of this Sabbath Mat. 12. now then for a man to keep nine of the Commandments and say the seventh-day sabbath which makes up the tenth is of no force is against Christ Mr. Ives I have offered that if the Magistrate be to punish all Idolatry by Gods appointment and also the breach of the seventh-day sabbath then he must also judg what is Idolatry and what is Sabbath-breaking and if so the Dr. may not be long before he be convicted For Idolatry is not only worshipping false Gods but the true God in a salfe manner But secondly Idolatry was in the Law punishable with death and the sabbath-breaker was to be stoned to death Now if the Law of Moses be in force and the punishment thereof in force against those that keep not Saturday-sabbath and as you have said the Civil Magistrate is to inflict it then according to your opinion the Reason why we live is because of the wickedness of the Civil Magistrate for if the Civil Magistrate did but that which you call his duty we should all of us by your Opinion be stoned to death before to morrow morning that do not keep the Saturday-Sabbath Where then is our Christian Liberty for by the Law of Moses I must be put to death for not keeping the Jews Sabbath if this opinion be true though 〈◊〉 conscience I am perswaded that it is a weak and ●●ggerly Element unto which I ought not to be in ●●ndage and yet so indulgent are men to their opi●●ons that having once espoused them they will main●●in them maugre the liberty of all the conscientious ●●ople in the Land I and their own liberty too for 〈◊〉 the same Rule the Magistrate may put a man 〈◊〉 death that doth not keep the Jews Sabbath for 〈◊〉 the Magistrate ought to do if he should be of 〈◊〉 Doctors opinion and hold that the seventh-day ●abbath required in the Law ought to be kept and 〈◊〉 at the punishment annexed

Command that required the Observation of the seventh day and yet I may not be guilty of sin Dr. Chamberlain He that is guilty of the breach of the whole Law is guilty of sin But he that breaks any one of the Ten Commandments is guilty of the breach of the whole Law Ergo. Mr. Ives I answer By distinguishing of the term HE in the Major proposition for if you do not mean every he then I deny the Syllogism And if you do mean every he or every one then I deny the Minor for these Reasons First this text that you refer to in your Argument was written to the Twelve Tribes Jam. 1.1 and therefore you cannot reasonably conclude that because the twelve Tribes were bound to the whole Law that therefore every believing Gentile is so bound Secondly if the Gentiles were writ to in this Epistle yet I do deny that they are required to keep all the Ten Commandments for there is no such thing in the Text. Dr. Chamberlain This was written to the twelve Tribes as Christians and therefore to every Christian Mr. Ives I say as before that every he in the intent of our question is not concern'd in this Epistle and if they were yet these words The Ten Commandments which are in the Argument are not in this Text and therefore every one of the Ten Commandments as understood by you in the Argument must be concluded from hence or you do not prove the thing denyed Dr. Chamberlain Lest you should equivocate about this word Law the Apostle cites the sum of the Second Table and he doth not mention any part of the First Table by which it appears that by the Royal Law he intends the Ten Commandments unless you will say that by the Second Table is meant the whole Law Therefore I 〈◊〉 He that is bound 〈◊〉 keep the whole Law is bound to keep all the ten Commandments But every Christian is bound to keep the whole Law Ergo Every Christian is bound to keep all the Ten Commandments Mr. Ives Forasmuch as you have not said any thing new but what you have said already over and over I therefore answer by denying the Major and say That a man may keep the whole Law in the sense of this text and yet not be bound to keep all the ten Commandments in your sense And though I do confess we are bound to keep and observe all the other nine Commandments yet we are not bound to observe the command for the seventh-day-sabbath which is one of the ten Commandments And whatever is moral in the Commandment as to A time to serve God I confess we are to observe that also though we are not tied to the seventh day Dr. Cham. Well then I will prove the Major thus If the ten Commandments are contained in this word the whole Law Then they that are bound to keep the whole Law are bound to keep the ten Commandments But the ten Commandments are contained in this word the whole law Ergo. M. Ives I deny the minor and say that in the sense of this text this word the whole law doth not contain all the ten Commandments Dr. Cham. I further argue If there be never a Commandment but is a point of the whole If every one of the Ten be a part of the whole If every part of the Ten be contained in the whole If he that breaks one Commandment is guilty of the whole Then he is commanded to keep the whole But he that breaks one Commandments is guilty of the whole Ergo He is commanded to keep the whole It is observable that the Doctor made three essays to bring forth a Syllogism to prove the thing denyed but could not bring them into perfect Syllogisms at last he makes a Syllogism that concludes not the thing in controversie Mr. Ives I deny the whole Syllogism because it concludes not the matter in question for the thing in question is Whether they that are bound to keep the whole Law in the sense of that text Jam. 2 are bound to keep all the ten Commandments and by consequence the Seventh-day-Sabbath and your Argument concludes we must keep the whole and all the Commandments which was never denyed Dr. Cham. If you deny Scripture I have done with you Mr. Ives I do not deny the Scripture but your Syllogism which concludes not the thing in question as I have shewn you once and again As it hath been answered that S. James doth not write to Gentiles and that he doth not enjoyn the ten Commandments by this word The whole Law and so consequently not the Seventh-day-Sabbath so it may further be answered that if those words The whole Law should respect the Law of Moses then if believing Gentiles are bound to the whole Law they are bound to Circumcision also and every other Ceremony of the Law therefore there Apostle saith Gal. 5.3 that if they were circumcised they were bound to keep the WHOLE Law By which it appears that the believing Gentiles that were not circumcised were not bound to keep the WHOLE Law So that when St. James enjoyns the keeping of the whole Law he tells us what Law he means in Chap. 1. v. ●● compared with Chap. 2. v. 12. where he call it the law of Liberty by way of distinction from the law of Moses which is called a yoke of Bondage Gal. 4.3 9. Acts 15.10 which law of Liberty is called the law of Christ Gal 6.2 and is no less then the Gospel that is preached which S. James bids them not to be forgetful hearers of Jam. 1.25 but admonisheth them to look into the perfect law of liberty and to continue therein So that the Doctor had no reason to say that the Scripture was denyed by his Respondent because he denyed the Law that required the Seventh-day-Sabbath to be contained in the whole Law mentioned by S. James It seemeth then very strange that in a free and publike Disputation the Doctor should charge his Respondent for denying the Scriptures because he denyed his sense thereof which was all that the Doctor said unto this last Argument And the time of his Opponencie being ended the Doctor was by Agreement to answer Mr. Ives his Arguments which take as followeth Mr. Ives I shall undertake by the help of God to prove that all Christians are not commanded to keep the Seventh-day-Sabbath If the Gentile Christians are not commanded to keep the Seventh-day-Sabbath Then all Christians are not commanded to keep the Seventh-day-Sabbath But the Gentile Christians are not commanded to keep the Seventh-day-Sabbath Ergo All Christians are not commanded to keep the seventh-day-Sabbath Dr. Cham There is no such kinde of creature in the world as a Gentile Christian Mr. Ives Sir I will shew you such a kinde of creature since you seem to be ignorant therefore pray look into Acts 21.25 and you shall see that the Gentiles are called believing Gentiles which is all one with Christian Gentiles And if

we minde Acts 11.20 compared with vers 26. we shall see in vers 20. that the Gentiles believed and turned to the Lord and these were called Christians at Antioch vers 26. and yet the Doctor saith he never heard of any such creature in the world as a Gentile Christian Dr. Cham. I pray then say Believing Gentiles are not bound to keep the seventh-day-Sabbath and then I will deny the Minor Mr. Ives I wonder Sir that you should quibble about terms and trouble us so often to alter the terms in the Question as first for the term Gentiles you afterwards alter and will have it all Christians and now for Christian Gentile you would have it believing Gentile Well Sir be it so I will then prove that believing Gentiles are not bound to keep the seventh-day-Sabbath which is the Minor proposition denyed by you If believing Gentiles are bound to keep the seventh-day-Sabbath Then they are bound by the law of Nature by the law of Moses or the law of Christ But they are nor bound by the Law of Nature the Law of Moses or the Law of Christ to keep the seventh-day-sabbath Ergo Believing Gentiles are not bound to keep the seventh-day-sabbath Dr. Cham. Believing Gentiles are bound by the Law of Moses which is all one with the Law of Christ therefore prove your Minor Mr. Ives If the believing Gentiles are bound to keep the seventh-day-sabbath by the Law of Moses then they are bound to keep it by the Law that was given to Israel But the believing Gentiles are not bound to it by the Law that was given to Israel Ergo Believing Gentiles are not bound by the Law of Moses to keep the seventh-day-sabbath Dr. Cham. I deny the Minor and say that the believing Gentiles are commanded to keep the seventh-day-sabbath by the Law that was given to Israel Mr. Ives I prove the Minor thus If the Law that was given to Israel was given to none but Israel Then believing Gentiles are not bound to keep the seventh day sabbath by the Law that was given to Israel But the Law that was given to Israel was given to none but Israel Ergo. Dr. Cham. I deny the Minor and say that Law was given to other Nations besides Israel Mr. Ives That it was given to no Nation but Israel I prove out of Psal 147.19 20. He hath given his laws to Jacob his statutes and judgements unu Israel he hath not dealt so with ANY Nation and for his judgements THEY have not known them Dr. Cham. I do distinguish of giving the Law there is a giving as a priviledge and a giving by way 〈◊〉 punishment Now though it was not given to any Nation but Israel as a priviledge yet it was given to other Nations by way of punishment to judge them by it Mr. Ives I do confess it was given to no Nation as priviledge according to what you say and do say that it was not given to any other Nation by way of punishment but the Nation Israel which I 〈◊〉 prove If that Law that was given to Israel had been given to any other Nation by way of jud●●ment Then other Nations would ha● been judged by it But no other Nation was to be judged by it Ergo it was not given by way of judgment to any Nation but Israel Dr. Cham. I deny the Minor and say that the Law of Israel was given to other Nations to judge them by it Mr. Ives If no Nation shall be judged by Israels Law but those that lived under it Then it was given to no Nation but Israel to be judged by it But no Nation shall be judged by it but they that lived under it Ergo it was given to no Nation but Israel to be judged by it Here the Doctor urgeth the former distinction again about giving by way of priviledge and giving by way of judgement which is a vain distinction because no Law doth judge any body but those that were bound to keep it and by keeping of at were capable to enjoy the priviledges of it Dr. Cham. Upon the former distinction I deny the Minor Mr. Ives I prove the Minor viz. that no Nation shall be judged by Israels Law that did not live under it by the text Rom. 2.12 As many as have sinned without the law shall be judged without the law and as many as have sinned under the law shall be judged by the law Dr. Cham. That is true and therefore I say other Nations lived under that Law of Israel so as to be judged by it Mr. Ives That other Nations did not live under it so as to be judged by it I prove thus If there be any other Nations to be judged by Israel's Law Those Nations are either recorded in the Scripture or other Histories But neither the Scriptures nor other Histories do record any such thing Ergo. Dr. Cham. There are Scripture-records that shew us that other Nations shall be judged by Israel's Law Mr. Ives I pray then Sir assigne those Scripture-records Dr. Cham. I shall then assigne Rome 2.14 15. with Rom. 3.19 In Rom 2. it is said the Gentiles should be judged though they had 〈◊〉 the Law Mr. Ives That 's true 〈…〉 this text makes against you direct 〈…〉 so far from saying the Gentiles were 〈…〉 Law and therefore should be judged by it that it saith the direct 〈…〉 were without it therefore 〈…〉 without is Dr. Cham. But it is said in Rom 3. That whatsoever do law saith it saith to them that are under the law that every mouth may be stopped and that all the world may become guilty before God Here is ALL the WORLD are become guilty by what the Law saith to them that are under it Mr. Ives That 's true but how doth it follow that all the world are under the Jews Law because by a Law God will finde them guilty or how can this be proved to be Moses Law since the text before cited by you saith some were not under Moses Law Dr. Cham. You see that the same things were writ in the heart that were given by Moses for the text saith They viz the Gentiles did by nature the things contained in the Law And therefore it matters not whether it was the Law given by Moses or no. Mr. Ives Here Sir you have given away your cause at once for my business hath been to shew you that the seventh-day-Sabbath is not required of believing Gentiles by Moses Law because Moses Law was not given to the Gentiles which is that I have been proving and you have been denying and now in the conclusion you say it matters not whether it were the Law given by Moses or no. So then I have proved the thing denyed all this while by your own words because you had your liberty to except against the enumeration of Laws in the Syllogism and you excepted against the Law of Moses saying The Law of Nature Moses and Christ were all one so that if the