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A96226 The humble advice of the Assembly of Divines, now by authority of Parliament sitting at Westminster, concerning a confession of faith, presented by them lately to both houses of Parliament. A certain number of copies are ordered to be printed only for the use of the members of both houses and of the Assembly of Divines, to the end that they may advise thereupon.; Westminster Confession of Faith. Westminster Assembly (1643-1652) 1646 (1646) Wing W1427; Thomason E368_3; ESTC R201270 24,629 58

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not under grace VII Neither are the forementioned Uses of the Law contrary to the grace of the Gospel but do sweetly comply with it the Spirit of Christ subduing and inabling the will of man to do that freely and chearfully which the will of God revealed in the Law requireth to be done CHAP. XX. Of Christian Liberty and Liberty of Conscience THe Liberty which Christ hath purchased for Beleevers under the Gospel consists in their freedome from the guilt of sin the condemning Wrath of God the Curse of the Moral Law and in their being delivered from this present evil World bondage to Satan and Dominion of sin from the evil of afflictions the sting of death the victory of the grave and everlasting damnation as also in their free accesse to God and their yeelding obedience unto him not out of slavish fear but a Childe-like love and willing minde All which were common also to Beleevers under the Law But under the New Testament the liberty of Christians is further inlarged in their freedom from the yoke of the Ceremonial Law to which the Jewish Church was subjected and in greater boldnesse of accesse to the Throne of Grace and in fuller communications of the free Spirit of God than Beleevers under the Law did ordinarily partake of II. God alone is Lord of the Conscience and hath left it free from the Doctrines and Commandments of men which are in any thing contrary to his Word or beside it if matters of Faith or Worship So that to beleeve such Doctrines or to obey such Commands out of Conscience is to betray true Liberty of Conscience and the requiring of an implicite Faith and an absolute and blinde obedience is to destroy Liberty of Conscience and Reason also III. They who upon pretence of Christian Liberty do practise any sin or cherish any lust do thereby destroy the end of Christian Liberty which is that being delivered out of the hands of our enemies we might serve the Lord without fear in holiness and righteousness before him all the days of our life IV. And because the Powers which God hath ordained and the liberty which Christ hath purchased are not intended by God to destroy but mutually to uphold and preserve one another They who upon pretence of Christian Liberty shall oppose any lawful Power or the lawful exercise of it whether it be Civil or Ecclesiastical resist the Ordinance of God And for their publishing of such Opinions or maintaining of such Practises as are contrary to the light of Nature or to the known Principles of Christianity whether concerning Faith Worship or Conversation or to the Power of Godliness or such erroneous Opinions or Practises as either in their own nature or in the maner of publishing or maintaining them are destructive to the external Peace and Order which Christ hath established in the Church they may lawfully be called to account and proceeded against by the Censures of the Church and by the Power of the Civil Magistrate CHAP. XXI Of Religious Worship and the Sabbath Day THe light of Nature sheweth that there is a God who hath Lordship and Soveraignty over all is good and doth good unto all and is therefore to be feared loved praised called upon trusted in and served with all the heart and with all the soul and with all the might But the acceptable way of Worshipping the true God is instituted by himself and so limited by his own revealed Will that he may not be Worshipped according to the imaginations and devices of men or the suggestions of Satan under any visible representation or any other way not prescribed in the holy Scripture II. Religious Worship is to be given to God the Father Son and Holy Ghost and to him alone not to Angels Saints or any other Creature and since the Fall not without a Mediator nor in the mediation of any other but of Christ alone III. Prayer with Thanksgiving being one special part of Religious Worship is by God required of all men and that it may be accepted it is to be made in the Name of the Son by the help of his Spirit according to his Will with understanding reverence humility fervency faith love and perseverence and if vocal in a known tongue IV. Prayer is to be made for things lawful and for all sorts of men living or that shall live hereafter but not for the Dead nor for those of whom it may be known that they have sinned the sin unto death V. The reading of the Scriptures with godly fear the sound Preaching and Conscionable Hearing of the Word in obedience unto God with understanding faith and reverence singing of Psalms with grace in the heart as also the due administration and worthy receiving of the Sacraments instituted by Christ are all parts of the ordinary Religious Worship of God Beside Religious Oathes Vows Solemn Fastings and Thanksgivings upon special occasions which are in their several times and seasons to be used in an holy and religious maner VI. Neither Prayer nor any other part of Religious Worship is now under the Gospel either tyed unto or made more acceptable by any place in which it is performed or towards which it is directed but God is to be Worshipped every where in Spirit and Truth as in private Families daily and in secret each one by himself so more solemnly in the publique Assemblies which are not carelesly or wilfully to be neglected or forsaken when God by his Word or Providence calleth thereunto VII As it is of the Law of Nature that in general a due proportion of time be set apart for the Worship of God so in his Word by a positive Moral and perpetual Commandment binding all men in all Ages he hath particularly appointed One Day in Seven for a Sabbath to be kept holy unto him which from the beginning of the World to the Resurrection of Christ was the last Day of the week and from the Resurrection of Christ was changed into the First Day of the week which in Scripture is called the Lords Day and is to be continued to the end of the World as the Christian Sabbath VIII This Sabbath is then kept holy unto the Lord when men after a due preparing of their hearts and ordering of their common affairs before hand do not only observe an holy Rest all the Day from their own works words and thoughts about their worldly imployments and recreations but also are taken up the whole time in the publique and private Exercises of his Worship and in the Duties of necessity and mercy CHAP. XXII Of lawful Oathes and Vows A Lawful Oath is a part of Religious Worship wherein upon just occasion the person swearing solemnly calleth God to witness what he asserteth or promiseth and to Judge him according to the truth or falshood of what he sweareth II. The Name of God only is that by which men ought to swear and therein it is to be used with all holy fear and reverence
the Author or Approver of sin V. The most wise righteous and gracious God doth oftentimes leave for a season his owne children to manifold temptations and the corruption of their own hearts to chastise them for their former sinnes or to discover unto them the hidden strength of corruption and deceitfulnesse of their hearts that they may be humbled and to raise them to a more close and constant dependance for their support upon himselfe and to make them more watchfull against all future occasions of sin and for sundry other just and holy ends VI. As for those wicked and ungodly men whom God as a righteous judge for former sinnes doth blinde and harden from them he not onely withholdeth his grace whereby they might have been inlightened in their understandings and wrought upon in their hearts but sometimes also withdraweth the gifts which they had and exposeth them to such objects as their corruption makes occasions of sin and withall gives them over to their own lusts the temptations of the world and the power of Satan where by it comes to passe that they harden themselves even under those meanes which God useth for the softning of others VII As the providence of God doth in generall reach to all Creatures so after a most speciall manner it taketh care of his Church and disposeth all things to the good thereof CHAP. VI. Of the Fall of Man of Sin and of the Punishment thereof OUr first Parents being seduced by the subtilty and temptation of Satan sinned in eating the forbidden fruit This their sin God was pleased according to his wiseand holy counsell to permit having purposed to order it to his own glory II. By this sin they fell from their originall righteousnesse and communion with God and so became dead in sin and wholly defiled in all the faculties and parts of soul and body III. They being the root of all man-kinde the guilt of this sin was imputed and the same death in sin and corrupted nature conveyed to all their posterity descending from them by ordinary generation IV. From this originall corruption whereby we are utterly indisposed dis-abled and made opposite to all good and wholly inclined to all evil do proceed all actuall transgressions V. This corruption of nature during this life doth remain in those that are regenerated and although it be through Christ pardoned and mortified yet both it self and all the motions thereof are truly and properly sin VI. Every-sin both Originall and Actuall being a transgression of the righteous Law of God and contrary thereunto doth in its own nature bring guilt upon the sinner whereby he is bound over to the wrath of God and curse of the Law and so made subject to death with all miseries spirituall temporall and eternall CHAP. VII Of Gods Covenant with Man THe distance between God and the Creature is so great that although reasonable Creatures do owe obedience unto him as their Creator yet they could never have any fruition of him as their Blessednesse and Reward but by some voluntary condescension on Gods part which he hath been pleased to expresse by way of Covenant II. The first Covenant made with Man was a Covenant of Works wherein Life was promised to Adam and in him to his Posterity upon condition of perfect and personall obedience III. Man by his Fall having made himself uncapable of Life by that Covenant the Lord was pleased to make a Second commonly called the Covenant of Grace Wherein he freely offereth unto sinners Life and Salvation by Jesus Christ requiring of them Faith in Him that they may be saved and promising to give unto all those that are ordained unto Life his holy Spirit to make them willing and able to beleeve IV. This Covenant of Grace is frequently set forth in Scripture by the name of a Testament in reference to the death of Jesus Christ the Testator and to the everlasting inheritance with all things belonging to it therein bequeathed V. This Covenant was differently administred in the time of the Law and in the time of the Gospel Under the Law it was administred by Promises Prophecies Sacrifices Circumcision the Paschal Lamb and other Types and Ordinances delivered to the people of the Jews all fore-signifying Christ to come which were for that time sufficient and efficacious through the operation of the Spirit to instruct and build up the Elect in Faith in the Promised Messiah by whom they had full remission of sins and eternall Salvation and is called the Old Testament VI. Under the Gospel when Christ the substance was exhibited the Ordinances in which this Covenant is dispensed are the Preaching of the Word and the Administration of the Sacraments of Baptisme and the Lords Supper Which though fewer in number and administred with more simplicity and lesse outward glory yet in them it is held forth in more fullnesse evidence and spirituall efficacy to all Nations both Jews and Gentiles and is called the New Testament There are not therefore Two Covenants of Grace differing in substance but one and the same under various dispensations CHAP. VIII Of Christ the Mediator IT pleased God in His eternall purpose to choose and ordain the Lord Jesus His only begotten Son to be the Mediator between God and Man the Prophet Priest and King the Head and Saviour of His Church the Heir of all things and Judge of the World Unto whom He did from all eternity give a People to be his Seed and to be by him in time Redeemed Called Justified Sanctified and Glorified II. The Son of God the second Person in the Trinity being very and eternall God of one Substance and equall with the Father did when the fullnesse of time was come take upon Him mans nature with all the Essentiall properties and common infirmities thereof yet without sin being conceived by the Power of the Holy Ghost in the womb of the Virgin Mary of her substance So that two whole perfect and distinct Natures the Godhead and the Manhood were inseparably joyned together in one Person without Conversion Composition or Confusion Which Person is very God and very Man yet one Christ the only Mediator between God and Man III. The Lord Jesus in his humane nature thus united to the divine was sanctified and anointed with the holy Spirit above measure having in him all the treasures of wisdome and knowledge in whom it pleased the Father that all fullnesse should dwell to the end that being holy harmlesse undefiled and full of grace and truth he might be thorowly furnished to execute the Office of a Mediator and Surety Which Office he took not unto himself but was thereunto called by his Father who put all power and judgement into his hand and gave him commandment to execute the same IV. This Office the Lord Jesus did most willingly undertake which that he might discharge he was made under the Law and did perfectly fullfill it endured most grievous torments immediatly in his Soul and most
Family of God out of which there is no ordinary possibility of Salvation III. Unto this Catholique Visible Church Christ hath given the Ministry Oracles and Ordinances of God for the gathering and perfecting of the Saints in this life to the end of the World and doth by his own presence and Spirit according to his promise make them effectual thereunto IV. This Catholique Church hath been somtimes more somtimes less visible And particular Churches which are Members thereof are more or less pure according as the Doctrine of the Gospel is taught and imbraced Ordinances administred and Publique Worship performed more or less purely in them V. The purest Churches under Heaven are subject both to mixture and error and some have so degenerated as to become no Churches of Christ but Synagogues of Satan Nevertheless there shall be always a Church on Earth to worship God according to his will VI. There is no other Head of the Church but the Lord Jesus Christ Nor can the Pope of Rome in any sense be head thereof but is that Antichrist that Man of sin and Son of Perdition that exalteth himself in the Church against Christ and all that is called God CHAP. XXVI Of the Communion of Saints ALl Saints that are united to Jesus Christ their Head by his Spirit and by faith have fellowship with him in his graces sufferings death resurrection and glory And being united to one another in love they have communion in each others gifts and graces and are obliged to the performance of such duties publique and private as do conduce to their mutual good both in the inward and outward man II. Saints by profession are bound to maintain an holy fellowship and communion in the worship of God and in performing such other spiritual services as tend to their mutual edification as also in relieving each other in outward things according to their several abilities and necessities Which Communion as God offereth opportunity is to be extended unto all those who in every place call upon the name of the Lord Jesus III. This Communion which the Saints have with Christ doth not make them in any wise partakers of the substance of his Godhead or to be equal with Christ in any respect either of which to affirm is impious and blasphemous Nor doth their Communion one with another as Saints take away or infringe the title or propriety which each man hath in his goods and possessions CHAP. XXVII Of the Sacraments SAcraments are holy Signes and Seales of the Covenant of Grace immediately Instituted by God to represent Christ and his benefits and to confirm our interest in him as also to put a visible difference between those that belong unto the Church and the rest of the World and solemnly to engage them to the service of God in Christ according to his Word II. There is in every Sacrament a spiritual relation or Sacramental union between the Sign and the Thing signified whence it comes to pass that the Names and effects of the one are attributed to the other III. The Grace which is exhibited in or by the Sacraments rightly used is not conferred by any power in them neither doth the efficacy of a Sacrament depend upon the Piety or Intention of him that doth administer it but upon the work of the Spirit and the word of Institution which contains together with a Precept authorizing the use thereof a Promise of benefit to worthy Receivers IV. There be only two Sacraments ordained by Christ our Lord in the Gospel that is to say Baptism and the Supper of the Lord neither of which may be dispensed by any but by a Minister of the Word lawfully Ordained V. The Sacraments of the Old Testament in regard of the spiritual things thereby signified and exhibited were for substance the same with those of the New CHAP XXVIII Of Baptism BAptism is a Sacrament of the New Testament Ordained by Jesus Christ not only for the solemn Admission of the Party Baptized into the Visible Church but also to be unto him a signe and seal of the Covenant of Grace of his ingrafting into Christ of Regeneration of Remission of sins and of his giving up unto God through Jesus Christ to walk in newness of life Which Sacrament is by Christs own appointment to be continued in his Church until the end of the World II. The outward Element to be used in this Sacrament is Water wherewith the Party is to be Baptized in the Name of the Father and of the Son and of the Holy Ghost by a Minister of the Gospel lawfully called thereunto III. Dipping of the person into the Water is not necessary but Baptism is rightly administred by powring or Sprinkling water upon the Person IV. Not only those that do actually profess faith in and obedience unto Christ but also the Infants of one or both beleeving Parents are to be Baptized V. Although it be a great Sin to contemn or neglect this Ordinance yet Grace and salvation are not so inseparably annexed unto it as that no Person can be regenerated or saved without it or that all that are Baptized are undoubtedly regenerated VI. The Efficacy of Baptism is not tyed to that moment of time wherein it is administred yet notwithstanding by the right use of this Ordinance the grace promised is not only offered but really exhibited and conferred by the Holy Ghost to such whether of age or infants as that Grace belongeth unto according to the Councel of Gods own Will in his appointed time VII The Sacrament of Baptism is but once to be administred unto any person CHAP XXIX Of the Lords Supper OUr Lord Jesus in the night wherein he was betrayed Instituted the Sacrament of his Body and Blood called the Lords Super to be observed in his Church unto the end of the World for the perpetual Remembrance of the sacrifice of Himself in his Death the sealing all benefits thereof unto true Beleevers their Spiritual nourishment and growth in him their further ingagement in and to all duties which they owe unto him and to be a bond and pledge of their Communion with him and with each other as members of his mystical Body II. In this Sacrament Christ is not offered up to his Father nor any real Sacrifice made at all for remission of sins of the quick or dead but only a Commemoration of that one offering up of himself by himself upon the Cross once for all and a spiritual Oblation of all possible praise unto God for the same So that the Popish Sacrifice of the Mass as they call it is most abominably injurious to Christs one only Sacrifice the alone Propitiation for all the sins of his Elect. III. The Lord Jesus hath in this Ordinance appointed his Ministers to declare his word of Institution to the people to pray and bless the Elements of Bread and Wine and thereby to set them apart from a Common to an Holy Use and to Take and Break the Bread