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A04388 One of the foure sermons preached before the Kings Maiestie, at Hampton Court in September last This concerning the antiquitie and superioritie of bishops. Sept. 21. 1606. By the Reuerend Father in God William Lord Bishop of Rochester. Barlow, William, d. 1613. 1606 (1606) STC 1451; ESTC S100875 24,815 48

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factions in your kingdome as Socrates did his wife Zantippe to try your owne patience and the Churches constancie But to answere the point if this superioritie came by a custome in the Apostles times and they wee must thinke did nothing derogatorie to their Masters precept why then should Hierom say it came not by the truth of the Lords ordinance Clemens Alexandrinus by a pretty distinction vpon that place 1. Cor. ● yee are Gods husbandry giueth mee a good hint for a fit resolution The Apostles saith hee manured the Church with a double tillage there was 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 the first that of the Euan. Iohn 20. Haec scripta sunt direct written precepts which our Lord had left them the other which Saint Paul 1. Cor. 11. calleth 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 things vnwritē which they either did or spake as the times occasioned and the holy Ghost directed If any thinke that this maketh way to Popish traditions vnwritten verities It is no other then Saint Pauls owne distinction of Praeceptum and Concilium out of his owne practise 1. Cor. 7. 6. that hee spake some thinges by permission some things by precept This speake I saith hee againe Verse 1● not the Lord did Paul vtter any thing contrary or not agreeing to the Lorde his Maisters doctrine No but perswading himselfe Verse fourtie that hee also had the spirit of God though I haue saith hee Verse 25. no commandement from the Lorde yet I give this aduise So meaneth S. Hierom that this Matority of Bishops is that 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 that vnwritten husbandry whereof Clemens speaketh vz that there is no written precept or expresse rule from Christ but yet that it is an Apostolicall tradition and grew to be a custome euen then in all Churches for so Irenaeus long before him calleth it Traditionē Apostolicā toti mundo manifestā Neither doth this obiection out of Hierō make more against the Priority of Bishops then against the obseruing of the Lordes day wherof that speech of Saint Hierom may be as well yea more truely verified that it is rather ex consuetudine Ecclesiae quam Doninicae dispositionis veritate That the seuenth day shou●de bee kept holy there is expresse scripture both afore the lawe vpon the Creation and in the lawe at the fourth commandement but where is there any place either in the Gospels that our Sauiour comanded or in the Acts and Epistles that the Apostles ordained the alteration of Sabatumin Dominicā the first day to be sanctified for the seuenth In the first of the Reuelation it is once named and called Dies Dominicus which by all testimony was not the seuenth day and so in the ould testamēt there is a day which David so intitl● t● hic est dies This is the Lords day he hath made it we will reioice and be glad in it and that by all assurance was not the Sabboth The truth therefore is that the Church finding the obseruation but not the first ordinance thereof continued it to be kept and accounted it as an Apostolicall institution And the very same is the true sense of S. Hieroms speech in this point of praelacy sauing that the placing of Bishops is more apparant in the epistles to Timothie and Titus Otherwise hee shoulde much haue forget himselfe for in his epis●le to Marcella confuting or rather contemning the errors of Montanus this he puts for one With thē saith he the Bishops are thrust into the third place but with vs in the Christian orthodoxall Churches Apostolorum locum tenent Episcopi The Bishops haue the Aposils room that is the first place Yea els-where he acknowledgeth it to bee Dominica dispositio The Lordes own ordinance though indirectly obliquely that out of the old testamēt 1. alle●orically out of Ps. 45. wherin the Church of Christ is rep●elēted in the person of Salomōs Queen vpō those words ver 16. Prepatribus ●ati 〈◊〉 tibi 〈◊〉 Let it not gree●e thee saith S. Austen that the 〈…〉 not Peter Paul by whom thou wast bego●●ē for o● thine own brood a fatherhood is grown vnto thee Insteed of fathers childrē are borne vnto thee Quos 〈…〉 principes s●per omnē●errā that is saith S. Hierō The Gospe● being spred through all quarters of the world in them Bishops are placed rulers of the Church Secondly by cōparis●n wherein he plain●ly 〈…〉 what he meant by those wordes the Custome of the Church namely an Apostolike ordinance Vt Sc●amus saith he Apostolicas traditiones sumptas de vete●i testamento c. That we may know how the Apostles grounded their traditions or ordinance vpon the old Testament and from thence fetcht their Modele this is one particular That which Aaron his sonnes and Leuites were in the Temple the very same let Bishops Presbyters and Deacōs challenge in the Church to thē sclues T●is were sufficiēt if we should rest here but neither S. Hierom not they must so passe as if it were not directly the Lords owne institution For Spiritus sanctus not onely by the Apostles who had receiued him in great measure but euen by Christ himselfe who Ioh. 3 was indued with the spirit without measure ordained this Superioritie if we will credite S. Hierom his ancients by many yeeres S Cypri Let the Deacons remember that Apostolos id est Episc●pos Do●inu ipse eleger●t The Lord himselfe choose Apostles that is Bishops but the Apostle after our Sauior his ascention choose Deacons to serue them at the Altar c. For that the Apostles were Bishops besides the rest of the Fathers Hierom himselfe by allusion confesseth Non om●es Episcopi Episcop●s●●t All that are in the place and carry the name of Bish●ps are not Bishops Atte●de ●etrum sed 〈◊〉 consider Looke vpon Peter but withall behold Iudas For they whom we now call Bishops were then called Apostles saith Theod. Yea though they all were silent in that point the Holy g●ost will confirme it who speaking of Matthi●s choise into Iudas his roome in expresse termes calleth Apostolatum Episcopatum Actes 1. 20. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 out of the Psa. 109. Let another take his Bishopship Saint Hilary with many of the Fathers ●f●irme that our Saui●r in direct words appointed this superioritie Episcopall ouer their brethren in that place and part of his last Sermon Mat. 24. 45. Who is a faithfull and wise seruant quem Dominus constituet super familiam whō the Lorde shall make ruler ●uer his houshold But that which is in the Apocalyps is 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 admits no contradiction where our Lord himselfe willeth S. Iohn to write vnto the 7. Angels of the 7. Churches Wherin 3. things are very worthy obseruatiō First he calleth them Angels there is their eminence both for dignitie and integirtie Secondly they had the tryall both for proofe and reproofe of their Clergie
often confounded yet the functions are distinct For in the 24. of Matthew Verse 45. hee that was appointed Rector super familiam Steward of the houshold vnder the chief Lord was in the 49. verse called 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 a fellow seruant with the rest of the Meany all seruants vnder one Lorde but yet some superior to other in Office In the Ciuile state being more familiar vnto you this distinction will be more apparant For the stile of Bar●n is a ti●tle belonging to men of great Honor and of noble birth but yet communicable to men scarse of meane Worship Yea euen in that honourable rank both Earles and Lords are called Barons yet their places and Dignities vnequall euery Earle being a Baron but euery Baron not an Earle So in this case both Bishops and Priests in respect of that generall seruice to our Lord the Dispensation of his word and mysteries are all Presbyters and fellow-Presbyters but the stiles being communicable the tearmes are not conuertible for euery Bishop is a Presbyter but euery Presbyter is not a Bishop For S. Peter calleth himselfe a Presbyter 1. Pet. 5. 1. and yet he was an Apostle the communitie of names confound not the offices Neither shal we euer read that any of those things inioyned by Paul to Timothie were committed to Presbyters either to a singular person or to a whole Colledge where there was not a Bishop Wherevpon the very same authoritie both of Ordination and Iurisdiction the Churches succeeding reserued to their Bishops onely I maruaile saith Hierom that the Bishop of the Diocesse wherein Vigilantius is a Presbyter doth not crush that vnprofitable vessell with his Apostolique rod. And it is thy humilitie saith Saint Cyprian to Rogatianus a Byshop that thou wouldest complaine to me of the con●umelie offered vnto thee by a Deacon whereas thou mightest pro Episcopatus tui vigore Cathedrae authoritate that is through the strength of thine office as thou art a Byshop and the authoritie of thy Chayre haue power sufficient to reuenge thy selfe on him And therefore willeth him ●hat if the Deacon doe still persist in that his malipert cariage he should either Deponere or abstinere Depose him from his Ministerie or suspend him at his pleasure And thus much of the Superioritie of Bishops ouer their Clergie the nature whereof what it is you see Wee must nowe come to examine the authoritie whereon it is grounded and that is in these wordes Spiritus sanctus the Holy Ghost For his authoritie runs through all the partes as in the beginning I told you Of his immediate disignment of any to the place we speake not yet though ●ome referre the calling of Timothie to his Bishopricke vpon those words per Prophetiam thereunto Oecumenius vpon that place infers that generall conclusion that Bishops were not made 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 pell-mell at all aduentures but by the Commandement of the Holy Ghost wee speake of their appointment by men indued with the Holy spirit from aboue that is the Apostles for euery ordinance Apostolick wee take to be the action of the Holy Ghost In triall whereof we will follow M. Beza Surely saith he Si ab ipsis Apostolis profecta esset c. If I could finde this superioritie of a Bishop ouer the rest of his Clergie to haue proceeded from the Apostles I would not feare to attribute it Divinae in solidum dispositioni Wholly and fully to the diuine Institution Let vs then ioyne that issue Saint Augustine shall beginne That which the whole Church reteineth and no Councell hath first decreed and was neuer al●red must be beleeued to be an Apostolicall ordinance Now ●or this particular Saint Hierom himselfe c●nfesseth● that not one Church onely but the whole world decreed the superioritie of Bishops Vt vnus coeteris superpo●er●tur As for a Councell that first erected it there is none The Canons which for the antiquitie of them are called Apostolorum Canones distinguish the● Degrees as we now haue them The Nicen Councel which is the first generall we haue in print extant reckoneth them in the same order with the same prerogatiues and establisheth them to be continued according to the ancient and former custome with this short Aphorisme 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 For alteration there was none for 1500. yeeres together vntill young Iosua his emulation enuying that some had the Key of Knowledge more then other Enuiest thou for my sake ioyned with Corah his repining that some had the Key of power and Iurisdiction aboue others You take too much vpon you Moses and Aaron I say not for 1500 yeeres did any Church alter that Gouernment or opinion perhaps a pedling Heretique or two The●al●s in the Church of Ierusalem and Aerius else-where fancied vnto themselues a Paritie but their ground was Malecontentment as Eusebius and Epiphanius both witnes because they could not be made Bishops which they earnestly affected Egesippus the ancienst Historian cited by Eusebius hath branded Theblis with a marke that will not out while there are bookes extant viz. That the Church of Ierusalem remained no way infected with error in so much that she was by men stiled a Virgin the first that corrupted her was Thebulis because he was not made Bishop So that by Saint Augustines inference the Institution is Apostolicall and therfore by M. Beza his concession Diuine But this is perhaps but an oblique and indirect proofe Surely we are no Arcadians to fetch our Pedegree from beyond the Moone shall Histories of fact or Testimonies of the auncient be our Heraldes for record Eusebius the most auncient of the Historiographers that wee haue for 300. yeeres succession nameth the persons and calculateth the times of the Bishops of foure principall Churches of the worlde Ierusalem Antioch Rome and Alexandria Socrates and Theodoret the rest who lineally succeeded the Apostles in those Sees vntill the Councell of Nice who with 314. Bishops more subscribed vnto that Generall Councill And that which Eusebius witnesseth of those foure the same doth Irenaeus more auncient then hee by almost two hundred yeeres iustifie to bee the case of all the Churches in the world that the Bishops thē gouerning could deriue their succession from them to whom the Apostles by hand deliuered the saide Churches to gouerne in euery place Which certeine successiue propagation Saint Augustine maketh the maine roote of Christian societie and Tertullian the maine proofe of true doctrine And heere if I would seeme ambitious in heaping Authors I might goe downeward from Irenaeus through the whole course of the Fathers delineating this succession and thereby trouble rather your patience then mine owne memorie The best course therefore to determine this question in this short time allotted mee will bee as I think if we make him the vmper whō they make our Accuser that is S. Hierom