uncertain were to get any habitation One hundred seaventy and five were embarqued in one vessell from which the other was divided with Tempest and with much danger got at last to * John 〈…〉 cap. 2. Elsinore in Denmarke Had they sai'd longer in England untill the Queens marriage with King Philip of Spaine being most of them his Native Subjects in the Netherlands it had been difficult if not impossible for them to have procured their safe and publique departure 14. As for Mr. Jewell 〈◊〉 Copie 〈…〉 he continued some weeks in Broad-Gates Hall whither his Schollers repaired unto him whom he constantly instructed in Learning and Religion Of all his Pupils Edward * So I conceive his 〈◊〉 whom Laurence Humphery in Jewell life p 〈◊〉 calls 〈◊〉 Annum Year in this one respect was most remarkable who by his tutour being seasoned with the love of the Truth made a double Copie of Verses against the Superstition of the Masse which so enraged Mr. Welsh the Censor as I take it of Corpus Christi Colledge against him that he publikely and cruelly whipt him laying on one lash for every verse he had made which I conceive were about eighty in all Part of them I have here thought fit to insert and blessed be God I may Translate and the Reader peruse them without any pain and perill and not at the dear rate whereat the Authour composed them I have the rather presented them because they proved as well Prophetical as Poetical comfortably foretelling what afterwards certainly came to passe Supplex oro Patris veniant coelestis ad aures Ex animo paucae quas recitabo preces Ecce patent aditus patet alti januae Coeli Ad summum votis am penetrabo Deum Summe Pater qui cuncta vides qui cuncta gubernas Qui das cuncta tuis qui quoque cuncta rapis Effice ne maneat longaevos Missaper Annos Effice ne fallat decipiatve tuos Effice ne coecos populorum reddat ocellos Missa docens verbo dissona multa tuo Effice jam rursus Stgias descendat ad Vndas Vndè trahit fontem principiumquè suum Respondet Dominus spectans de sedibus Altis Ne dubites recte Credere parve puer Olim sum passus mortem nunc occupo dextram Patris nunc summi sunt mea regna poli In coelis igitur toto cum corpore versor Et me Terrestris nemo videre potest Falsa Sacerdotes de me mendacia fingunt Missam quique colunt hi mea verba negant Durae Cervicis populus me mittere Missam Fecit è medio tollere dogma sacrum Sed tu crede mihi vires Scriptura resumet Tolleturque suo tempore Missa nequam Accept O heavenly Father I request These few Devotions from my humble Breast See ther 's Accesse Heaven's gate open lyes Then with my Prayers I 'le penetrate the skyes Great God who all things feest dost all things sway And All things giv'st and all things tak'st away Let not the present Masse long-lived be Nor let it those beguile belong to thee Thy peoples eyes keep it from blinding quite Since to thy word it is so opposite But send it to the Stygian Lakes below From whence it 's rise and source doth spring and flow The Lord beholding from his Throne reply'd Doubt not young Youth firmly in me confide I dy'd long since now sit at the right hand Of my bless'd Father and the world command My body wholy dwels in heavenly light Of whom no earthly Eye can gain a sight The shamlesse Priests of me forge truthlesse lies And he that worships Masse my word denyes A stiffeneck'd people for their sins did make Me send them Masse my word away to take But trust me Scripture shall regain her sway And wicked Masse in due time fade away 15. But to return to Mr. Jewel Mr. Jewell his great fall he had not lived long in Broadgates Hall when by the violence of the Popish Inquisitors being assaulted on a sudden to subscribe he took a pen in his hand and smiling said have you a minde to see how well I can write and thereupon under-writ their Opinions Thus the most orient Jewel on earth Hath some flawes therein To conceal this his Fault had been partiality to excuse it flattery to defend it impiety to insult over him Cruelty to pitty him Charity to admire God in permitting him true devotion to be wary of our selves in the like occasion Christian discretion 16. Such as go out when God openeth them a Doore to escape Carnall Compliance never profits do peaceably depart But such who break out at the window either stick in the passage or bruise themselves by falling down on the out-side Jewell may be an instance hereof whose cowardly compliance made his foes no fewer without him and one the more a guilty Conscience within him The Papists neither loved nor honoured nor trusted him any whit the more for this his Subscription which they conceived not Cordiall forced from him by his feare Yea thereby he gained not any degree of more safety and his life being way-laid for with great difficulty he got over into Germanie 17. Rejoyce not over me O mine Enemy Mr. Jewels seasonable and sincere Recovery for though I fall yet shall I rise again as here it came to passe Comming to Francfort he had Dr. Edwin Sandys afterwards Arch-Bishop of Yorke for his Board and Bedfellow who counselled Mr. Jewell with the joynt advice of Mr. Chambers and Mr. Sampson his bosome friends to make a publicke Confession of his sorrow for his former Subscription whereupon on a Sunday after his fore-noons Sermon in the Congregation of Francfort he bitterly bewailed his fall and heartily requested pardon from God and his People whom thereby he had offended Wet were the eyes of the Preacher and those not drie of all his Auditors what he fairely requested was freely given and hence forward all embraced him as a Brother in Christ yea as an Angell of God Yea whosoever seriously considereth the high Parts Mr. Jewell had in himselfe and the high opinion others had of him will conclude his Fall necessary for his Humiliation 18. But to return to Oxford The Issu-lesse issue of a disputation at Oxford whither about this time Cranmer Ridley and Latimer were brought to be baited in Disputation by the fiercest Papists of both Vniversities Which worthy Bishops restrained in Liberty debarred from Books depriv'd of Friends and streightned for time were brought out of the Prison to dispute and after the end thereof thither remanded Here it is sad to recount those Legiens of Taunts which were passed upon them They who had three Logicall termes in every Syllogisme had far more railing ones after it in following their Argument and opprobrious improving thereof against the Prisoners Wherefore when Weston the Prolocutor or Obloquutor rather closed all with his vain glorious brag Vicit veritas many of the unpartiall Auditors
indeed more full stately and masculine But such is the Epicurisme of Modern Times to addulce all words to the Eare that as in the French they melt out in pronouncing many essentiall Letters taking out all the Bones to make them bend the better in speaking and such Hypocrites in their Words speak them not truly in their native Strength as the plain-dealing British do which pronounce every letter therein more manly if lesse melodious Lastly some condemn it unjustly as a Worthlesse Tongue because leading to no matter of moment and who will care to carry about that Key which can unlock no Treasure But this is false that Tongue affording Monuments of Antiquity some being left though many be lost and moe had been extant but for want of Diligence in Seeking and Carefulnesse in Preserving them 19. But Augustine bapitzeth 10000. in one day craving pardon of the Reader for this Digression we reassume our Augustine who all this while was very industrious and no lesse successefull in converting the Saxons to the Christian Faith Insomuch that a certain a Cited by Mr. Camden Presace of Brit. pag. 136. Authour reporteth how in the River Swale near Richmond in Yorkshire Augustine on one day baptized above ten thousand adding withall that the People not onely passed without Danger through so deep a River but also they who weresick and deformed when they went in were whole b Flores Sanctorum tom 1. wrote by Hierome Porter pag. 515. and handsome when they came forth again The judicious Reader may in this Miracle discover how the Authour thereof no doubt some ignorant Monk hath therein jumbled and confounded three distinct Seripture-Histories to make a mock-Parallel betwixt the Rivers Iordan and Swale Borrowing 1. The Peoples safe passing through it 2. Their being baptized in it 3. The curing of their Infirmities by it from Ioshuas c Ios 4. 1. conducting the Israelites through Iohn's d Matth. 3. 6. baptizing the Iews in Elisha's e 2 Kin. 5. 14. healing Naaman's leprosie in Iordan But here it must be remembred that Bede maketh no mention at all hereof and ascribeth this numerous Baptizing to Paulinus Arch-Bishop of York many years after It would argue too much Morosity in us to demurre in our saith to the whole Fact till Authours are all agreed about the Doer thereof For mine own part I conceive Paulinus the more probable Person as questioning whether Augustine most conversant amongst the South and VVest-Saxons ever moved so far Northward 20. And The simplicity of ancient Baptisme if so many were baptized in one day it appeares plainly that in that Age the Administration of that Sacrament was not loaded with those Superstitious Ceremonies as essentiall thereunto of Crossing Spittle Oyl Cream Salt and such like Trinkets which Protestants generally as little know what they are as Papists why they use them I say in that Age nothing was used with Baptisme but Baptisme the VVord and the VVater made the Sacrament Yea the Arch-Bishop is said to have f Camden ut prius commanded by the voice of Cryers that the People should enter the River confidently two by two and in the name of the Trinity baptize one another by turns This indeed was the most compendious way otherwise Ioshua's day wherein the Sun stood still had been too short for one mans personal performance of such an Employment 21. Another considerable Accession was made to Christianity in the SouthWest part of this Isle The Idol Healedestroied by Augustine at Cern and particularly in Dorsetshire where Augustine at Cern destroyed the Idol of Heale or Aisculapius which the Saxons formerly g Camden's Brit. in Dorsetshire adored But in his journey hither Reader they are not mine but my h Flores Sanctorum in the life of Augustine P. 515 516. Authours words with his Holy Company they were cruelly oppressed with the three familiar Discommodities of Travellers Hunger Thirst and VVearinesse when Augustine striking his Staffe into the Ground fetch'd forth a crystal Fountain which quenched the extremity of their Thirst whence the Place was afterward called Cernel from Cerno in Latine to see and El in Hebrew God A Composition of a Name hardly to be precedented that a Word should commence per saltum from Latine into Hebrew without taking Greek by the way thereof Why not rather Cernwell Behold the fountain or Cernheal See the Destruction of the Idol But in truth in all Books ancient and a So both in Camden and Harpsfield modern the Place is plainly written Cern without any paragogical apposition thereunto 22. Indeed A ridiculous miracle most of the Miracles assign'd unto this Augustine intended with their Strangenesse to raise and heighten with their Levity and Absurdity do depresse and offend true Devotion Witnesse how when the Villagers in Dorsetshire beat Augustine and his Fellows and in Mockery fastened Fish-tailes at their Backs in punishment hereof All that b Flores Sanctorium ut prinus Generation had that given them by Nature which so contemptibly they fastened on the Backs of these Holy men Fy for shame he needs an hard Plate on his Face that reports it and a soft Place in his Head that believes it 23. However The great improvement of the Gospel for the main we undoubtedly believe that the Preaching of Augustine and his Fellows took good Effect finding the visible Progresse and the Improvement thereof in the Conversion of so many from Paganisme to Christianity For Sebert King of Essex nephew to Ethelbert King of Kent by Ricula his Sister embraced the Faith with all his Kingdome by the Ministery of Mellitus whom Augustine ordained Bishop of London much about the same time making one Iustus a Roman who was vir sui nominis a man answering his Name Bishop of Rochester Many other remarkable matters happened in the Life of Augustine especially those Questions and Answers which passed betwixt him and Gregory the Great by us purposely omitted partly because they are too voluminous to insert and partly because they are at large in many c Bede Book of Mareyrs and others Augustine ' s death and Epitaph Authours to whom we remit the Reader 24. And now was the time come of Augustine's Dissolution 610 alias whose Body was buried in the Northern Porch of the New Church in Canterbury 611 alias dedicated to Peter and Paul 612 having as d Eccles Hist lib. 2. cap. 5. Bede informs us this Inscription written upon his Monument Here resteth Lord Augustine the first Arch-Bishop of Canterbury who being in times past sent hither from Blessed Gregory Bishop of the Roman City and supported by God with the working of Miracles brought King Ethelbert and his Countrey from the worshipping of Idols to the Faith of Christ and the dayes of his Office being finished in Peace he died the seventh of the Calends of Iune the same King reigning 25. But in this Epitaph one thing
that which renders the Conquest to Consideration in our Church-Story is the manifest Change of Religion from what formerly was publickly professed in England To make this Mutation in it's due time more conspicuous we will here conclude this Book with a brief Character of the principall Doctrines generally taught and believed by the English in these four last Centuries before tainted with any Norman Infection For though we must confesse and bemoan that Corruptions crept into the Church by Degrees and Divine Worship began to be clogg'd with superstitious Ceremonies yet that the Doctrine remained still sound and intire in most materiall Points will appeare by an Induction of the dominative Controversies wherein we differ from the Church of Rome 1. Scripture generally read For such as were with the Holy Bishop Aidan sive Attonsi sive b Bedae Eccles Hist lib. 3. cap. 5. Laici either Clergy or Laity were tied to exercise themselves in reading the Holy Word and learning of Psalms The Originall preferred For Ricemarch a c Caradoc in Chron. of Cambridge Britan a right Learned and Godly Clerk Son to Sulgen Bishop of Saint Davids flourishing in this Age made this Epigram on those who translated the Psalter out of the Greek so taking it at the Second hand and not drawing it immediatly out of the first Vessel Ebreis d MS. in the Library of the Learned Bishop William Bedel and cited by the Arch-bishop of Armagh in the Religion of the ancient Irish pag. 9. Nablam custodit liter a signis Pro captu quam quisque suo sermone Latino Edidit innumeros lingua variante libellos Ebreum que jubar suffuscat nube Latina Nam tepefacta ferum dant tertia Labra Saporem Sed sacer Hieronymus Ebreo fonte repletus Lucidius nudat verum breviusque ministrat This Harp the holy Hebrew Text doth tender Which to their Power whil'st every one doth render In Latine Tongue with many Variations He clouds the Hebrew Rayes with his Translations Thus Liquors when twice shifted out and powr'd In a third Vessel are both cool'd and sowr'd But Holy Ierome Truth to light doth bring Briefer and fuller fetcht from th' Hebrew Spring No Prayers for the Dead in the modern notion of Papists For though we find Prayers for the Dead yet they were not in the nature of Propitiation for their Sins or to procure Relaxation from their Sufferings but were onely an honourable Commemoration of their Memories and a Sacrifice of Thanksgiving for their Salvation Thus S t. Cuthbert after he had seen the Soul of one Hadwaldus e Bede in vita Cuthberti cap. 34. carried by Angels into Heaven did celebrate Obsequies of Prayers in his behalf Purgatory though nevvly hatched not yet fledged For although there are frequent Visions and Revelations in this Age pretended thereon to build Purgatory which had no Foundation in Scripture yet the Architects of that fancy-full Fabrick had not so handsomely contrived it as it stands at this day in the Romish Belief For a Lib. 3. c. 19. Bede out of the Vision of Furseus relateth certain great Fires above the Aire appointed to examine every one according to the merits of his VVork differing from the Papists Purgatory which Bellarmine by the common Consent of the School-men determineth to be within the Bowels of the Earth Thus nothing can be invented and perfected at once Communion under both kinds For b De vita Cuthberti prosa cap. 15. Bede relateth that one Hildmer an Officer of Egfride King of Northumberland intreated our Cuthbert to send a Priest that might minister the Sacrament of the Lords Body and Bloud unto his Wife that then lay a dying And Cuthbert himself immediately before his own Departure out of this Life received the Communion of the Lords Body and Bloud And lest any should fondly hope to decline so pregnant an Instance by the novel conceit of Concomitancy a Distinction that could not speak because it was not born in that Age it is punctually noted that he distinctly received the Cup. Pocula c Idem in vita Cuthberti carmine cap. 36. degustat vitae Christique supinum Sanguine munit iter His Voyage steep the easier to climbe up Christs Bloud he drank out of Lifes healthfull Cup. So that the Eucharist was then administred entire and not maimed as it is by Papists at this day serving it as d 2 Sam. 10. 4 Hanun the Ammonite did the Cloaths and Beards of David's Ambassadours cutting it off at the Middle And though the word Mass was frequent in that Age generally expressing all Divine Service yet was it not known to be offered as a propitiatory-Sacrifice for the quick and dead 43. But if any desire farther Information herein The Authors engagement to the Archb. of Armagh and conclusion of this second book let him repair to the worthy Work which Iames the right learned and pious Arch-bishop of Armagh hath written of the Religion professed by the ancient Irish and British From whom I have borrowed many a Note though not alwayes thanking him in the Margin by citing his Name and therefore now must make one generall Acknowledgement of my Engagement In Cities we see that such as sell by Retaile though of lesse Credit are of great Use especially to poor people in parcelling out Peny-worths of Commodities to them whose Purses cannot extend to buy by Whole-sale from the Merchant Conceive I in like manner my Pains will not be altogether unprofitable who in this History have fetch'd my Wares from the Store-house of that Reverend Prelate the Cape-Merchant of all Learning and here in little Remnants deliver them out to petty-country-Chapmen who hitherto have not had the Hap or Happinesse to understand the original Treasuries whence they are taken And clean through this Work in point of Chronologie I have with implicite Faith followed his e In his book de Brit. Eccl. primord Computation setting my Watch by his Dial knowing his Dial to be set by the Sun and Account most exactly calculated according to the critical truth of Time Long may he live for the Glory of God and Good of his Church For whereas many learned men though they be deep Abysses of Knowledge yet like the Caspian Sea receiving all and having no Out-let are loth to impart ought to others this bright Sun is as bountifull to deal abroad his Beams as such dark Dales as my self are glad and delighted to receive them SEVERALL COPIES OF BATTEL-ABBEY ROLL To the right worshipfull S r. Simon Archer of Tanvvorth in Warvvickshire SOme report that the Toad before her death sucks up if not prevented vvith suddain surprisall the precious Stone as yet but a Jelly in her Head grudging Mankind the Good thereof Such generally the Envy of Antiquaries preferring that their Rarities should die vvith them and be buried in their Graves rather then others receive any Benefit thereby You cross the current of common Corruption it being
Catalogue of the Benefactors of S t. John's Colledg in Cambridg understand it by his Executors otherwise the first Brick of that House was laid nine years after the Arch-Bishops death Now as this was a sad year at Canterbury wherein their good Arch-Bishop departed so was it a joyful year at Rome for the coming in of that Jubilee which brought men and money there yet many went to Rome in effect which staied in England by commuting their journey into money which was equally meritorious the Popes Officers being come over to receive the same The End of the Fifteenth CENTURY THE Church-History OF BRITAINE The Fifth Book CONTAINING THE REIGN OF KING HENRY THE EIGHTH SIC OMNI TEMPORE VERDO LONDON Printed in the Year M.DC.LV. To the Right Honourable LIONEL CRANFIELD EARL of MIDDLESEX Anno Regis BARON CRANFIELD OF CRANFIELD c. Anno Dom. SAint PAUL gave a great charge to * 2 Tim. 4. 13. Timothy to bring the Cloak which he left at Troas but especially the Parchments Here we have the Inventory of a Preachers estate consisting of a few Cloathes and Books what he wore and what he had written But the Apostles care was not so much concerned in his Cloathes which might be bought new as in his Writings where the damage could not be repaired I am sadly sensible though far be it from me to compare Scribling with Scripture what the loss of a Library especially of Manuscripts is to a Minister whose Books have passed such hands which made riddance of many but havock of more Was it not cruelty to torture a Library by maiming and mangling the Authors therein neither leaving nor taking them intire Would they had took less that so what they left might have been useful to others Whereas now mischievous Ignorance did a prejudice to me without a profit to its self or any body else But would to God all my fellow Brethren which with me bemoan the loss of their Books with me might also rejoyce for the recovery thereof though not the same numerical Volumes Thanks be to your Honour who have bestow'd on me the Treasure of a Lord-Treasurer what remained of your Fathers Library Your Father who was the greatest Honourer and Disgracer of Students bred in Learning Honourer giving due respect to all men of merit Disgracer who by his meer natural parts and experience acquired that perfection of invention expression and judgment to which those who make learning their sole study do never arive It was a Gift I confess better proportioned to your Dignity then my deserts too great not for your Honour to bestow but for me to receive And thus hath God by your bounty equivalently restored unto me what the Locusts and the Palmer worme c. have devoured so that now I envy not the Popes Vatican for the numerousness of Books variety of Editions therein enough for use being as good as store for state or superfluity for magnificence However hereafter I shall behold my self under no other notion then as your Lordsships Library-keeper and conceive it my duty not onely to see your Books dry'd and rubb'd to rout those moaths which would quarter therein but also to peruse study and digest them so that I may present your Honour with some choice Collections out of the same at this ensuing History is for the main extracted thence on which account I humbly request your acceptance thereof whereby you shall engage my daily prayers for your happiness and the happiness of your most Noble Consort I have read how a Roman Orator making a Speech at the Funeral of his deceased Mother in law affirmed that he had never been Reconciled unto her for many years Now whilest his ignorant auditors condemned their mutual vindicativeness the wiser sort admired and commended their peaceable dispositions because there never happened the least difference between them needing an agreement as that bone cannot be set which was never broken On which account that never any reconciliation may be between your self and other self is the desire of Your Honours most bounden Beadsman THOMAS FULLER THE CHVRCH-HISTORY OF BRITAINE BOOK V. 1. GOD hath always been ambitious to preserve and prefer little things Poor professours still preserved by Gods providence the Jews the least of all Nations Hen. 7. 17. DAVID their King 1501 least in his fathers family little Benjamin the Ruler little Hill of Herman the Virgin Mary the lowliness of thy handmaiden Gods children severally are stiled his little ones and collectively make up but a little flock And surely it renders the work of grace more visible and conspicuous when the object can claim nothing as due to it self A pregnant proof hereof we have in Divine Providence at this time preserving the inconsiderable pittance of faithful professors against most powerful opposition This handful of men were tied to very hard duty being constantly to stand Sentinels against an Army of enemies till God sent Luther to relieve them and the work was made lighter with more hands to do it as in the sequel of our story God willing will appear Mean time we must remember that Henry Dean succeeded in the place of Arch-Bishop Morton lately deceased and enjoyed his honour but two years then leaving it to William Warham one well qualified with learning and discretion 2. Now it is no small praise to Buckingham-shire 22. that being one of the lesser Counties of England 1506 it had more Martyrs and Confessors in it Some burnt some branded for the profession of the truth before the time of Luther then all the Kingdom besides where William Tylsworth was burnt at Amersham the Rendezvous of Gods children in those dayes and Joan his onely daughter Anno Dom. 1506 and a faithful woman Annos Regis Hen. 7 22. was compelled with her own hands to set fire to her dear a Fox his Acts and Monuments I. Volume p. 1010. father At the same time sixty professors and aboue did bear fagots for their penance and were enjoyned to wear on their right sleeves for some years after a square piece of cloath as a disgrace to themselves and a difference from others But what is most remarkable a new punishment was now found our of branding them in the cheek The b Fox 1011. manner thus Their necks were tied fast to a post with towels and their hands holden that they might not stir and so the hot Iron was put to their checks It is not certain whether branded with L for Lollard or H for Heretick or whether it was onely a formless print of Iron yet nevertheless painful this is sure that they c Gal. 6. 17. bare in their bodies the marks of the Lord Jesus And no doubt they had so well learned our Saviours d Mat. 5. 39. precept that rather then they would have revenged themselves by unlawful means to them that smit them on the one cheek they would have turn'd the
other also Surely Ecclesiastical constitutions did not reach thus far as to impose any corporal torture and whether there be any Statute of the Land that enjoyns not to say permits such punishments let the learned in the Laws decide This I am sure if this was the first time that they fell into this supposed Heresie by the Law they were onely to abjure their errours and if it were the second time upon relaps into the same again their whole bodies were to be burnt Except any will say that such as by these bloudy Laws deserved death were branded onely by the favour of William Smith Bishop of Lincoln and one may have charity enough to encline him to this belief when considering the same William Founder of Brazen-nose Colledg in Oxford was generally a lover of learning and goodness and not cruelly disposed of himsself However some of Gods children though burnt did not dread the fire And Father e Fox p. 1011. Râ—ver alià s Reive though branded at the time did afterwards suffer at a stake so that the brand at the first did but take livery and seisin in his cheek in token that his whole body should afterwards be in the free and full possession of the fire 3. They who desire further information of the number and names of such as suffer'd about this time may repair to the Acts and Monuments of M r Fox onely Thomas Chase of Amersham must not be here omitted The cruel killing of Thomas Chase being barbarously butchered by bloudy hands in the Prison of Wooburne Who to cover their cruelty gave it out that he had hang'd himself and in colour thereof caused his body to be buried by the high ways side where a stake knock't into the grave is the monument generally erected for Felons de Se. Fear not those saith our Saviour who kill the body and afterwards have no more that they can do But these mens malice endeavoured to do more having kill'd his body to murder his memory with slanderous reports although all in vain For the Prison it self did plead for the innocence of the prisoner herein being a place so low and little that he could not stand upright Besides the woman that saw his dead hody a most competent witness in this case declared that he was so loaden with Maâ—icles and Irons that he could not well move either hand or foot But we leave the full discussing and finall deciding hereof to him who makes inquisition for bloud at that day when such things as have been done in secret shall be made manifest 4. By this time we may boldly say that all the arrears of money due to the Pope for Pardons in the year of Jubilee five years since were fully collected The Pope and King Hen 7. share the money for Pardones betwixt them and safely returned to Rome by the officers of his Holiness the lagging money which was last sent thither came soon enough to be received there We wish the sellers more honesty and the buyers more wisdom Yet we envy Rome this payment the less because it was the last in this kind she did generally receive out of England Mean time time King Henry the seventh did enter common with the f Antiq Brit. in Henriâ—â— Dâ—â—co Pope having part allowed to connive at the rest Thus whilest Pope and Prince shared the wooll betwixt them the people were finely fleeced Anno Regis Hen. 7 22. Indeed King Henry was so thristy Anno Dom. 1506. I durst call him covetous not to say fordid had he been a private man who knowing what ticklish termes he stood upon lov'd a referve of treasure as being besides his claims of Conquest match and discent at any time a good title ad Corroborandum And we may the less wonder that this money was so speedely spent by his successor a great part thereof being gotten by sin was spent on sin Was it then charity or remorse giving or resstoring that hereupon King Henry the seventh Founded the rich Holpital of the Savoy in the Strand 24. with the finishing whereof he ended his own life 1508 And it is questionable whether his body lies in more magnificence in that stately and costly Tomb and Chappel of his own erecting or whether his memory lives more lastingly in that learned and curious History which the Lord Bacon hath written of his Reign 5. Henry the eighth Hen. 8 1. his Son succeeded him one of a beautiful person and majestick presence insomuch that his picture in all places is known at the first sight Hen. 8. succeedeth his father As for the character of his minde all the vertues and vices of all his predecessors from the Conquest may seem in him fully represented both to their kinde and degree learning wisdom valour magnificence cruelty avarice fury and lust following his pleasures whilest he was young and making them come to him when he was old Many memorable alterations in Church and State happen'd in his age as God willing hereafter shall appear 6. On the third day of June he was solemnly Married to the Lady Katharine Dowager 1509 formerly wife to his brother Prince Arthur deceased He marrieth the relict of his brother Arthur Two Popes took the matter in hand to discuss and decide the lawfulness thereof Alexander the sixth and Pius the third but both died before the business was fully effected At last comes Pope Julius the second and by the omnipotency of his dispensation Sanders de schismate Anglicano lib. 1. pag. 2. removed all impediments and obstructions against the laws of God or man hindering or opposing the said marriage We leave them for the present wedded and bedded together and twenty years hence shall hear more of this matter onely know that this marriage was founded in covetous considerations merely to save money that the Kingdom might not be impoverished by restoring her Dowry back again into Spain though hereupon a greater mass of coyn was transported out of the Land though not into Spain into Italy Thus such who consult with covetousness in matters of conscience embracing finister courses to save charges will finde such thrist to prove expensive at the casting up of their audit howere Divine Providence over-ruling all actions to his own glory so ordered it that the breaking off the Popes power with the banishing of Superstition out of England is at this day the onely surviving issue of this marriage 7. The beginning of this Kings Reign was but barren as the latter part therof Abjured Lollards wear faggots some will say over-fruitful with eminent Church-passages And therefore we will spare when we may and be brief in his first that we may spend when we should in the larger description of his latter years Cruelty still continued and increased on the poor Lollards as they call them after abjuration forced to wear the fashion of a faggot wrought in thread or painted on their left sleeves all the
an injurious and violent degradation deprived him not of his Episcopal indeleble character so that still in right he remained a Bishop 41. Eight Cavil God send valour at last He failed more in his Martyrdome by reason of his cowardly recantation thorow hopes of life and restitution to his former dignity then any of his fellow Martyrs Answer It is confessed But his final constancy may well cover his intermediate failings Better it is faintly and fearfully to bear in our body the marks of our Lord Jesus then stoutly and stubbornly to endure the brands of our own indiscretion 42. Last Cavil Remember not what God had forgotten He was condemned for high Treason for an act done by him as an Arch-Bishop and Councellor of State for which he professed both his sorrow a Mr Pryn 134. and repentance Did he so indeed by the confession of this his adversary The more unworthy man his accusor after this his sorrow and repentance to upbraid him therewith M r Pryn might also remember that the two Lord chief Justices were in the same Treason whose Education made them more known in the Laws of the Land and our Cranmer was last and least in the fault it being long before he could be perswaded to subscribe to the disinheriting of Queen Mary 43. We appeal to the unpartial Reader upon the perusal of the premisses whither an ordinary charity might not yea ought not to have past by these accusations and whether the memory of Arch-Bishop Cramner may not justly say of M r Pryn as once the King of b An appeal to any indifferent Israel of the King of Syria wherefore consider I pray you and see how he seeketh a quarrel against me Indeed so great is his antipathy against Episcopacy that if a Seraphim himself should be a Bishop he would either finde or make some sick feathers in his wings 44. Cranmer was now setled in his Arch-Bishoprick Cranmer Divorceth King Henry and the first eminent act of his office was exercised in the Kings Divorce A Court is called in the Priory of Dunstable in Bedford-shire as a favourable place indifferently distanced but five miles from Amphil where Queen Katharine resided With Cranmer were the Bishops of London Winchester Bath and Lincoln with many other great Prelates These summoned Queen Katharine to appear before them full fifteen dayes together on whose refusal they not onely adjudged her contumacious but also pronounced her match with the King as null and unlawful by Scripture and soon after it was proclaimed that hence forward none should call her Queen but the Dowager of Prince Arthur And thus a few dayes had dispatched that Divorce which had depended many years in the Court of Rome 45. And now I cannot call King Henry a Batchelor Who Marrieth a Lady and a Bollen because once married nor a married man because having no wife nor properly a widower because his wife was not dead But he therefore a single or rather a separated person remaining so if at all but a very short time as soon after solemnly married to the Lady Anna Bollen of whom largely hereafter 46. Now began Elizbeth Barton to play her tricks The Imposture of Elibeth Barton commonly called the holy Maid of Kent though at this day of Kent alone is left unto her as whose Maiden-ship is vehemently suspected and holiness utterly denied she was famous on a double account First for knowing secrets past and indeed she could tell any thing which was told her conversing with Fryers her familiars and other folks Confessors who revealed many privacies unto her Secondly she was eminent for foretelling things to come and some of her predictions hit in the mark procured to the rest the reputation of prophecy with credulous people She foretold that King Henry should not be King a full twelve moneth except he reassumed Queen Katharine to be his Wife 47. I am heartily sorry that the gravity of John Fisher Fisher More befooled by her forgery Bishop of Rochechester should be so light and the sharp sight of S r Thomas More so blinde as to give credit to so notorious an Impostrix which plunged them both into the Kings deep displeesure As for Elizabeth Bvrton soon after she was executed with many of her complices and complotters The Papist at this day unable to defend her forgery and unwilling to confess her cheating seek to salve all by pleading her to be distracted Thus if succeeding she had been praised and perchance Canonized for her devotion now failing she must be pardoned and pittied for her distraction 48. We may remember Bish Fisher imprisoned for refusing the Oath of Supremacy how not long since the Clergie did own and recognize King Henry the eighth for Supreme Head of the Church which was clearly carried by a plurality of voices in the Convocation John Fisher Bishop of Rochester was the onely eminent Clergy-man who openly opposed it One obnoxious to the Kings dispeasure on a threefold account first for engaging so zealously above the earnestness of an Advocate against the Kings Divorce Secondly for tampering with that notable Impositrix the holy maid of Kent Thirdly for refusing the Oath of Supremacy for which he was now imprisoned Indeed this Bishop lost himself both with his friends and his â—oes by his inconstancy at the first seeing he who should have been as staid as the Tower was as wavering as the Weather-cock neither complying with the King nor agreeing with himself but would and would not acknowledge the Kings Supremacy But at last he fixed himself on the negative and resolutely continued therein till the day of his death of whom more largely hereafter 49. The Clergie in the Province of York did also for a long time deny the Kings Supremacy The Convocation of York denies the Kings Supremacy Indeed the Convocation of York hath ever since struck Talies with that of Canterbury though not implicitly unanimously post-concurring therewith But here they dissented not because more Knowing in their judgments or tender in their consciences but generally more superstitious and addicted to Popery Insomuch that they sent two LETTERS to the King I conceive them written one from the upper the other from the lower house of Convocation wherein they acquainted his Highness with their judgments interlacing many expressions of general submission and their Reasons in a large discourle why they could not acknowledg him to be Supreme Head of the Church 50. Give me leave to suspect Edward Lee Edw. Lee Arch-Bishop of York a furious Papist De Scriptoribus Drit in Edwardo Sexto Arch-Bishop of York for a secret fomentor of this difference He was a virulent Papist much conceited of his own Learning which made him to write against Erasmus and a persecutor of Protestants witness John Bale convented before him for suspicion of heresie who in vain earnestly pleaded Scripture in his own defence till at last he casually made use of a
ejusdem Provinciae ad conveniendum eorum vobis in Ecclesia Sancti Pauli London vel alibi prout melius expedire videritis cum omni celeritate accommoda modo debito convocari faciatis Ad tractandum consentiendum concludendum super praemissis aliis quae sibi clarius proponentur tunc ibidem exparte nostrâ Et hoc sicut nos statum Regni nostri honorem utilitatem Ecclesiae praedictae diligitis nullatenus omittatis Teste me ipso c. 7. In this Writ we may observe first Observations thereon that from the word Convocari faciatis the word Convocation took its denomination being formerly called Synods as lately since our Scotizing termed Assemblies Secondly that clause in Ecclesia Sancti Pauli London vel alibi prout melius expedire videritis pointeth at a power placed or rather a Liberty left to the Arch-Bishops to call their Synods elsewhere in case they adjudged it more convenient But because the Arch-Bishops and Bishops might the better attend their business in Parliaments henceforward commonly kept at the same time with Convocations S r Pauls in London was generally preferred for the place of their convention Thirdly this Writ was used even after the Reformation mutatis mutandis namely the title of Apostolical Legate to the Arch-Bishop being left out as also the names of Priors and Abbots are extinguished Lastly of this third Sort of Convocations was all those kept by Thomas Arundel and the Arch-Bishops of Canterbury his successors unto Thomas Cranmer or if you will from the sixteenth of Richard the second unto the twenty fifth of King Henry the eighth These Convocations did also make Canons as in Lynwood his Constitutions do appear which were binding although none other then Synodical authority did confirm them 8. The last sort of Convocations remains The last sort of Convocations called since the Statute the twenty fifth of King Henry the eighth that none of the Clergie should presume to attempt alledge claim or put in ure any Constitutions or Ordinances Provincial or Synodals or any other Canons Constitutions or Ordinances Provincial by whatsoever name or names they may be called in their Convocation in time coming which alwayes shall be assembled by the Kings Writ unless the same Clergie may have the Kings most Royal Assent and Licence to make promise and execute such Canons Constitutions and Ordinances Provincial or Synodical upon pain of every one of the said Clergie doing the contrary to this Act and thereof convicted to suffer imprisonment and making Fine at the Kings will Since this year from Arch-Bishop Cranmer to Arch-Bishop Laud all Convocations so long as they lasted are born tongue-tied till the King did cut the string thereof with his Letters Patent allowing them leave to debate on matters of Religion Otherwise what they conclude are arrows without piles daggers without points too blunt to pierce into the practise of others but sharp enough to wound themselves and bring them within the compass of a Praemunire Yea even such Convocations with the Royal assent subject not any for recusancy to obey their Canons to a civil penalty in person or property until confirmed by Act of Parliament 9. This I humbly conceive to be the difference betwixt the three kindes of Convocations The Authors submission submitting what I have written to the censure and correction of the Learned in the Law conscious of my own ignorance therein as indeed such skill neither is to be expected or required in one of my profession who am ready with willingness yea with cheerfulness yea with thankfulness to God and man publickly to recall and retract what any such convince me to have mistaken herein hoping that my stumbling in so dark a subject may prevent the failing of others 10. There goeth a tradition taken up by many without examination that anciently the Clergie sat as one body with the Parliament A vulgar Errour and were not divided till in the Reign of King Henry the eighth as a * Calebut Downing modern Author hath written in a Tract But when I asked of Him where he had read the same he cited a French Letter of Cardinal Sadolets Strange that a Foraigner should be more seeing herein then any of our Native Authors and Records that I ever could behold But it may be the Error had its Original hence because anciently Bishops sitting in the Parliament did not alwayes appear personally or by the proxie of men of their own order but sometimes sent one or more of the inferiour Clergie to represent them if it be true what I have read in a small English book bearing the name of M r Selden but I question whether avowed by him of the proceedings in Parliament 11. John Fryth sealed the Truth with his bloud The Martyrdom of John Fryth one who justly may be said aged sixty at six and twenty so young was he Martyred such his learning Anno Dom. 1533 gravity Anno Regis Hen. 8 25. and constancy It was chiefly charged on him that he denyed the believing of the real presence in the Sacrament understand him de modo thereof to be an Article of the Faith though confessing Christ really present in the bread so he might not be compelled to the worshipping thereof But these things are set down largely in M r Fox Onely I will add that persons out of groundlesse suggest two scandals on this good man and his wives memory One that he was guilty of some practise against the State meerly because he was committed to the Tower The other that his wife being beyond the Seas with M r Tyndal expressing himself content with the will of God that for her sake she would not have the glory of God hindered desired to be rid of her husbands life that M r Tyndal might the more freely enjoy her company Thus this Jesuite being himself a Bastard measureth others by the chastity of his own Parents Indeed the aforesaid Tyndal much exhorted Fryth to patient suffering but not as those Cowardly Captains which encourage others to fight and themselves forsake the field because afterwards he valiantly brought up the rear and suffered for the same cause two years after 12. John Fisher Bishop of Rochester Bishop Fishers Letter for new cloaths and a Confessour was now prisoner in the Tower 1534 where he was but coursely used as appears by a Letter to M r Secretary Cromwel 26. a a Ex literis in Bibliothecâ Cottoniana FUrthermore I beseche yow to be gode Master unto me in my necessitic for I have neither Shirt nor Sute nor yet other Clothes that ar necessary to me to weare but that be ragged and torn to shamefully And now in mine Age my stomake may not away but with a few kind of meats which if I want I decay forthwith and fall into coffs and diseases of my body and cannot keep my selfe in health And as our Lord knoweth I
Henry had already attained both by his partial Reformation Power by abolishing the Pope's usurpation in His Dominions Profit by seizing on the lands and goods of suppressed Monasteries And thus having served His own turn His zeal wilfully tired to goe any farther and onely abolishing such Popery as was in order to his aforesaid designes He severely urged the rest on the practice of His Subjects 16. Herein he appeared like to Jehu King of Israel Compared with King Jehu who utterly rooted out the forraign Idolatry of BAAL fetcht from the Zidonians and almost appropriated to the family of Ahab but still worshipped the CALVES in DAN and BETHEL the state-Idolatry of the Kingdome So our Henry though banishing all out-landish superstition of Papall dependance still reserved and maintained home bred Popery persecuting the Refusers to submit thereunto 17. For The six bloody Articles by the perswasion of Bishop Gardiner in defiance of Archbishop Cranmer and the L. Cromwell with might and main opposing it it was enacted 1. That in the Sacrament of the Altar after consecration no substance of bread or wine remaineth but the naturall body and blood of Christ 2. That the Communion in both kindes is not necessary ad salutem by the law of God to all persons 3. That Priests after Orders received may not Marry by the Law of God 4. That Vows of Chastity ought to be observed 5. That it is meet and necessary that private Masses be admitted and continued in Churches 6. That auricular Confession must be frequented by people as of necessity to salvation Laws bad as penned worse as prosecuted which by some Bishops extensive interpretations were made commensurate to the whole body of Popery 18. Indeed The L. Cromwel's designe miscarrieth the Lord Cromwell unable to right his own had a designe to revenge himself on the opposite party by procuring an Act That Popish Priests convict of Adultery should be subject to the same punishment with Protestant Ministers that were married But Gardiner by his greatnesse got that law so qualified that it soon became lex edentula Ann. Reg. Hē 8. 32. whilst the other remained mordax death being the penalty of such who were made guilty by the six Articles though Nicholas Shaxton of Salisbury Ann. Dom. 1540. and Hugh Latimer of Worcester found the especial favour to save themselves by losing of their Bishopricks 19. And now began Edmond Bonner 〈…〉 aliàs Savage most commonly called by the former but too truly known by the later name newly made Bishop of London to display the colours of his cruelty therein which here I forbear to repeat because cited at large by Mr. Fox For I desire my Church-History should behave it self to his Book of Martyrs as a Lieutenant to its Captain onely to supply his place in his absence to be supplemental thereunto in such matters of moment which have escaped his observation 20. Match-makers betwixt private persons seldome finde great love for their pains Cromwell fal's into the Kings displeasure and peoples hatred betwixt Princes often fall into danger as here it proved in the L. Cromwell the grand contriver of the King's marriage with Anne of Cleve On him the King had conferred Honours so many and so suddainly that one may say The crudities thereof lay unconcted in his soul so that he could not have time to digest one Dignity before another was poured upon him Not to speak of his Mastership of the Jewel-house he was made Baron Master of the Rolls the Kings Vicar-general in spiritual matters Lord Privie-Seale Knight of the Garter Earle of Essex Lord Great Chamberlaine of England And my b Camdens Brit. in Essex p. 454. Authour observeth that all these Honours were conferred upon him in the compasse of five years most of them possessed by him not five moneths I may adde and all taken from him in lesse than five minutes with his life on the scaffold 21. This was the cause why he was envied of the Nobility and Gentry Why Cromwel was deservedly envied being by birth so much beneath all by preserment so high above most of them Besides many of his advancements were interpreted not so much Honours to him as Injuries to others as being either in use improper or in equity unfit or in right unjust or in conscience unlawfull for him to accept His Mastership of the Rolls such who were bred Lawyers conceived it fitter for men of their profession As for the Earldome of Essex conferred upon him though the title lately became void by the death of Bourchier the last Earl without Issue-male and so in the strictnesse of right in the King 's free disposal yet because he left Anne a sole Daughter behinde him Cromwel's invading of that Honour bred no good blood towards him amongst the kinred of that Orphan who were honourable and numerous His Lord great Chamberlainship of England being an Office for many years Hereditary in the Antient and Honourable House of Oxford incensed all of all that Family when beholding him possessed thereof His Knighthood of the Garter which custome had appropriated to such who by three degrees at least could prove their Gentile descent being bestowed on him did but enrage his Competitours thereof more honourably extracted As for his being the King's Vicar-General in Spiritual matters all the Clergie did rage thereat grutching much that K. Henry the substance and more that Cromwell His shadow should assume so high a Title to himself Besides Cromwel's name was odious unto them on the account of Abbies dissolved and no wonder if this Sampson plucking down the pillars of the Popish-Church had the rest of the structure falling upon him July 9. These rejoiced when the Duke of Norfolke arrested him for Treason at the Councel-Table whence he was sent Prisoner to the Tower 22. And now to speak impartially of him Cromwell's admirable parts though in prison If we reflect on his parts and endowments it is wonderfull to see how one quality in him befriended another Great Scholar he was none the Latine Testament gotten by heart being the master-piece of his learning nor any studied Lawyer never long-living if admitted in the Inns of Court nor experienced Souldier though necessity cast him on that calling when the Duke of Burbone besieged Rome nor Courtier in his youth till bred in the Court as I may call it of Cardinal Wolsey's house and yet that of the Lawyer in him so helped the Scholar that of the Souldier the Lawyer that of the Courtier the Souldier and that of the Traveller so perfected all the rest being no stranger to Germany well acquainted with France most familiar with Italy that the result of all together made him for endowments eminent not to say admirable 23. It was laid to his charge Articles charged upon the Lord Cromwell First that he had exceeded his Commission in acting many things of high conseqsence without acquainting the King therwith dealing therein
those daies deserveth not ivie in cur Age. Now seeing by the rules of justice and the Kings own appointment His Debts were to be paid before His Legacies and seeing many of His personall debts remained unsatisfied till the daies of Queen Elizabeth probably most of these Legacies were never paid especially to inferiour persons As if it were honour enough for them to have such summs bequeathed unto though never bestowed upon them 53. Whereas mention in this Will of a Monument well onwards and almost made Monument made for the King by the Cardinal it is the same which Cardinal Wolsey built For King Henry and not for himself as is commonly reported Wherefore whereas there goeth a tale That King Henry one day finding the Cardinal with the workmen making His Monument should say unto him Tumble your self in this Tomb whilest you are alive for when dead you shall never lie therein it is a meer fiction the Cardinal originally intending the same for the King as appeareth by the ancient Inscription * Godwin in Hen 8. p. 200. thereupon wherein King Henry was stiled LORD not KING of Ireland without addition of supreme Head of the Church plainly shewing the same was of antient date in the daies of the Cardinal 54. Whereas the Lady Mary and Elizabeth Why His Nieces more at liberty than his Daughters Their marriages are so severely conditioned that if made without consent of the Councell They were to forfeit Their right to the Crown men interpret it as provided in terrorem and not otherwise Yet this clause was it which afterwards put so plausible a pretence on Wiat his rebellion which though made of rotten cloth had notwithstanding a good colour thereon Now whereas the King's Nieces the Daughters to Mary His younger Sister were not clogg'd in this His Will with such restrictions concerning their Marriages the plain reason was because both of them were already married before this Will was made Frances the elder to Henry Gray Marquesse Dorset afterward Duke of Suffolke and Eleanour the younger to Henry Clifford Earl of Cumberland 55. The Portion of but ten thousand pounds a piece left to His two Daughters Ten thousand pounds the portion of a Princesse was not much unproportionable to the value of money as it went in that Age though a summe small for such an use in our daies And I have heard that Queen Elizabeth being informed that Doctor Pilkington Bishop of Durham had given ten thousand pounds in marriage with his Daughter and being offended that a Prelates daughter should equal a Princesse in portion took away one thousand pounds a year from that Bishoprick and assigned it for the better maintenance of the Garrison of Barwick 56. Very much of His own abitrarinesse appears in this Will of King Henry Much of arbitrarinesse in this Will entalling the Crown according to His own fancie against all right and reason For first how unjust was it that His female issue by Queen Katharine Parr His last Wife had He had any should inherit the Crown before Mary and Elizabeth His eldest Daughters by His former Wives If Mary and Elizabeth were not His lawfull Children how came They by any right to the Crown If His lawfull Children why was Their birth-right and seniority not observed in succession Well it was for Them that Henry Fitz Roy His naturall Son but one of supernaturall and extraordinary endowments was dead otherwise some suspect had He survived King Edward the sixth we might presently have heard of a K. Henry the ninth so great was His Fathers affection and so unlimited His power to preferre Him 57. But the grand injury in this His Testament is The Scotish Line quite left out That He quite passeth over the Children of Margaret His eldest Sister married into Scotland with all Her issue not so much as making the least mention thereof 58. Great indeed when this Will was first made was the antipathy which for the present possessed Him against the Scotch with whom then He was in actual warre though at other times when in good humour very courteous to His kinred of that extraction For most sure it is that when Margaret Douglas His Sisters Daughter was married to Math. Earle of Lenox He publickly professed That in case His own Issue failed He should be right glad some of Her body should sacceed to the Crown as it came to * Henry Lord Darly her Son Father to King James passe 59. Of the eleven Witnesses Legatees Witnesses in Kings Will. whose names are subscribed to His Will the nine first are also Legatees therein and therefore because reputed Parties not sufficient Witnesses had it been the Will of a private person But the Testaments of Princes move in an higher sphere than to take notice of such Punctilloes and forraigners being unfit to be admitted to such privacies domesticall Servants were preferred as the properest Witnesses to attest an Instrument of their Lord and Master 60. It is but just with God that He who had too much of His Will done Little of His Will performed when living should have the lesse when dead of His Testament performed The ensuing Reformation swept away the Masses and Chantery Priests founded to pray for His soul The Tombs of Henry the sixth and Edward the fourth the one the last of Lancaster the other the first of Yorke the Titles of both which Houses met in this Henry remain at this day in statu quo priùs without any amendment Where by the way seeing in this Will King Henry the sixth is styled his Uncle I cannot make out the relation in the common sence of the word except any will say that Kings Uncles as their Cousins are oft taken in a large and favourable acception But the main wherein His Will missed the intent is in that the Scotch Line neglected and omitted by Him ordinary Heirs are made in Heaven Heirs to Crowns in the Heaven of Heavens came in Their due time to the Throne Their undoubted Right thereunto recognized by Act of Parliament 61. After the making of this his Will His disease and the manner of His death He survived a full Month falling immediately sick He had sesque corpus a body and half very abdominous unweldy with fat and it was death to Him to be dieted so great His appetite and death to Him not to be dieted so great His corpulency But now all His humours repaired to one place and setled themselves in an old sore in His thigh which quickly grew to be greatly enflamed Here flame met with fire the anguish of the sore with an hot and impatient temper so that during his sickness few of His Servants durst approach His presence His Physicians giving Him over desired some who tendred the good of His soul to admonish Him of His estate But such who could flie with good tidings would not halt to Him with ill newes Besides lately a Law was made That
the Church joyned with them in the Town house Rich Pepists feared their goods would be condemned as heretical even by the Rebels of their own Religion which made them persist in their loyalty to their Soveraign 8. John Russell Lord privie Seal was sent down with small Forces to suppresse the Commotion A person very proper for that service as of a stout spirit and richly landed in this County He stayed some time at Honyton in vain expecting promised supplies either because this Lord was lookt on as of the Protectors party whose Court-interest did much decline or because Norfolke Rebellion as nearer London engrossed all warlike provisions Thus was this Lord in deep distresse having nothing save his Commission strong about him and his few forces for fear and want of pay began daily to forsake him 9. And now following the advice of the Dorset-shire Gentry he was ready to return when three Princely Merchants for so may I term them both for great interest and loyal intentions viz Thomas Prestwood Thomas Bodly and John Periam so improved their credits with Bristoll Lime and Taunton that they furnished the Lord Russell with necessaries to march forward Animated herewith they advance and gave the Rebels such a blow at Fenington-bridge that they left three hundred of their bodies dead on the place 10. Soon after the Lord Gray of Wilton whose slownesse may be excused as busied by the way in suppressing Tumults in Buckingham and Oxford shire came with a company of Horsmen and 300 Italian Shot under Baptist Spinola their Leader to recruit the Lord Russell Here one would wonder to behold the native English fighting in the maintenance of the Masse opposed by Italians untill he considereth that these foraigners being Souldiers of Fortune consulted the Coine not the Cause of such as entertained them And now the Kings Army advanceth towards Exeter a word or two of which Cities sad condition 11. The Rebels had often attempted to fire the Gates of the City till at last the Citizens found the Paradox true that the onely way to keep their City shut was to set their Gates open making rampires more defensible behinde them As for the Enemies intent to undermine and blow up the Walls it was first discovered then defeated by John Newcombe a Tinner of Teingmouth Philip Comineus For taking advantage of the declivity of the City on that side he countermin'd the Rebels work and then deriv'd into it all the kennels and water-courses falling down with a great precipice and so drowned the vault intended with powder to blow up the Walls Besides at the same instant set an impetuous showre which added to the Deluge Thus in vain doth Hell seek to kindle that Fire when Heaven intendeth to poure water for the quenching thereof 12. Famine raged most extremely insomuch as they were fain to bake bran and meal moulded up in cloathes for otherwise it would not stick together Nor must the worthy resolution of a loyall Citizen be forgotten publickly professing That rather than he would surrender the City to the Rebels he would fight with one arm and feed on the other And now were they reduced to utmost extremity when the seasonable approach of Lord privie Seale put a period to their Miseries For at the winde-mill of S. Mary Clist after a bloody Battle wherein Sir William Francis was slain on the King's side the Rebels were routed and sorced to flie leaving a thousand of their corps dead on the place Miles Coverdail gave publick thanks to God for the victory in the view of Exeter and soon after was made the Bishop thereof 13. Then the Lord caused S. Mary Clist to be burnt to the ground though it was his own Town as knowing full well Traytours to their King would never make good Tenants to their Landlord And on Clist-heath a second fight was begun where the Rebels were finally overcome The Lord privie Seal marched into Exeter and was there as he well deserved welcomed with all possible expressions of joy Sir William Herbert with 1000 Welsh came too late to fight but soon enough to be an honourable Witnesse of the victory 14. This sixt of August Two solemne yearly festivals the day of their deliverance is an high festival in the Almanack of Exeter Good cheer and thereby I justly guesse their great gratitude being annually observed with a publick Sermon to perpetuate the memory of Gods mercy unto them Yet such Solemnities doe daily decay every new Generation being removed one degree farther from the deliverance The King conferred the Manour of Exetland formerly belonging to the City but wrested from it by the Earls of Devon-shire on their Corporation in reward of their loyalty and valour 15. Humphrey Arundle Winslade Bery and Coffi were executed and as this Commotion began it ended at Sampford-Courtney where their last remnant was defeated Six Popish Priests were hanged with Welsh the Vicar of St. Thomas though all this was but mercy to the cruelty of Sir Anthony Kingston Provost-Marshall in trussing up many mean offenders 1. It began about the 20 th of June at Attilborrough about the laying open of Commons The beginning of two Rebellions pretended lately inclosed to the prejudice of the Poor Much increased on the 6â— of July at Windham Play where there was a great confluence of idle people repairing from all parts of the County 2. Robert Ket Their Ring-leaders and number Tanner of Windham one of more wealth than common folk of his craft yet of more wit than wealth confidence than either was chosen their Captain He with two Assistants chosen out of every hundred kept his Kings Bench Chancery and all other Courts under a Tree termed the Oake of Reformation where he did justice be it wrong or right to all such as were summoned before him In short time they increased to be more than twenty thousand 3. Sir Edmond Windham Sheriffe of Northfolke The Sheriffs endevours succeed not commanded them in the King's name peaceably to depart But had not his Horsemanship been better than his Rhetorick himself had not departed the place Yea now the * Hooker alias Vowell in Hollingshed p. 1015 1017. Rebels began to play their pranks threatning to burn the House Idem p. 1029. and defacing the Dovecoat formerly a Chappel before it was turned of an House of Prayer into a Den of Thieves of Master Corbets of Sprowston and committing many outrages layed all Pastures rather waste than open where they came Yea now they march towards Norwich the chief place in the County 4. Norwich is like a great volume with a bad cover The description of Exeter and Norwich having at best but parchment walls about it Nor can it with much cost and time be effectually fortified because under the frowning brow of Moushold Hill hanging over it The River Yere so wanton that it knoweth not its own minde which way to goe such the involved flexures thereof within a
Land yet because these pretend to a Prophetical spirit and there may be one in due time their words are considerable Lord here your Honour with those many persons your Peers are concerned Judge in this place the shooe pinches them because they * Rom. 13. 4. bear the Sword to punish Offendors Officers I suppofe either Civil or Military if they allow of the destinction No mention here of Ministers It seems THOU and THEE is too good language for us who are Cains and Balaams and Dogs and Devils in their mouths The best is the sharpest railing cannot pierce where Guiltiness in the person railed on hath not first wimbled an hole for the entrance thereof Their Principall Argument for their Practice is drawn from many places in * Exod-33 12 five times in one verse Scripture where THOU and THEE are used by God to Man and Man to God and Man to Man which cannot be denid In Opposition whereunto we maintain that THOU from Superiors to inferiors is proper as a Signe of Command from equals to equals is passable as a note of Familiarity but from Inferiors to Superiors if proceeding from Ignorance hath a smack of Clownishness if from Affectation a tang of Contempt But in answer to their Objection from Scripture we return foure things First THOU is not so distastful a term in Hebrew and Greek as it is in the English custom of every Country being the grand Master of Language to appoint what is honourable and disgraceful therein The Jews had their * Matth. 5. 26. Racha or terme of contempt unknown to us we our THOU a signe of slighting unused by them Secondly It followeth not because THOU and THEE only are set down that therefore no other Additions of Honour were then and there given from Inferiors to their Superiors A negative Argument cannot be framed in this Case that more respect was not used because no more exprest in scripture it being the designe of Histories chiefly to represent the substance of deeds not all verbal Formalities Thirdly What Inferiors in Scripture wanted in words they supplied in Postures and Gestures of Submission even to * Gen. 33. 3 King 1. 16 23. as also 1 King 18. 7. Prostration of their bodies which would be condemned for Idolatry if ussed in England Lastly There are extant in Scripture expressions of respect as when Sarah termed her Husband Lord which though but * 1 Pet 3. 6. once mentioned in the text was no doubt her constant Practise or else the holy Spirit would not have took such notice thereof and commended it to others imitation But they follow their Argument urging it unreasonable that any should refuse that Coine in common discourse which they in their solemn Devotions pay to God himself THOU and THEE are Currant in the Prayers of Saints clean thorough the Scipture as also in our late admired Liturgy we Praise THEE we Belss THEE we Worship THEE we Glorifie THEE we give THEE Thanks for THY great Glory It is answered those Attributes of Greatness Goodness c. given to God in the Beginning of every Prayer do Vertually and Effectually extend and apply themselves to every Clause therein though for Brevities sake not actually repeated Thus OURFATHER in the Preface of the Lords Prayer relateth to every Petition therein OURFATHER hallowed be thy Name Our FATHER thy Kingdom come Our FATHER thy will be done c. And this qualifieth the harshness and rudeness of THOU THEE and THY when for expedition and expressiveness sake they are necessarily used Your Honour will not wonder at the Practise of these QUAKERS having read in the Prophetical Epistles of * 2 Pet. 2. 10. S. Peter and * Jude 8. S. Jude last placed because last to be performed that towards the end of the world some shall NOT BE AFFRAID to speak evil of Dignities These Feare where no feare is and QUAKE where they need not but feare not where feare is being bold and impudent where they ought not They are NOTAFRAID not only to speak against Dignities which in some case may be done where they are Vitious men but against Dignities the lawful useful needful Ordinances of God himself God grant these may seasonably be suppressed before they grow too numerous otherwise such who now quarel at the Honour will hereafter question the wealth of others Such as now accuse them for Ambition for being higher will hereafter condemne them for Covetousness for being broader then other yea and produce Scripture too proper and pregnant enough for their purpose as abused by their Interpretation In a word it is suspicious such as now introduce THOU and THEE will if they can expel Mine and Thine disolving all propriety into confusion And now my Lord how silly a thing is that Honour which lies at the mercy of such mens mouths to tender or deny the same The best is Mens Statures are not extended or contracted with their shaddows so as to be stretched out into Giants in the morning shrunk up into Dwarfes at Noone and stretch'd out at Night into Giants again Intrinsecal worth doth not increase and abate Wax and Waine Ebb and Flow according to the Fancy of others May your Lordship therefore labour for that true Honour which consisteth in Vertue and God's Approbation thereof which will last and remain how furiously soever the wicked rage and imagine vain things against it Here I presume to present your Honour the Lives and Deaths of some worthies contrary to those QUAKERS in their Practise and Opinion I mean the Martyrs in the Reign of Queen Mary These despised not their Superiors giving due Reverence to those who condemned them honouring lawfull Authority though unlawfully used These cast not off their Cloaths but modestly wore their Linnen on them at their Suffering These counterfeited no Corporall QUAKING standing as firme as the stake they were fastned to though in a Spirituall sense working out their salvation with Feare and Trembling Whos 's admirable Piety and Patience is here recommended unto your Lordships consideration by Your humble Servant to be commanded in all Christian Offices THOMAS FULLER THE CHVRCH-HISTORY OF BRITAINE CENT XVI 1. July 6. KIng Edward Queen Mary in despight of the Duke of Northumberland's opposition crowned tender in yeers and weak with sicknesse Anno Regin Mar. 1. was so practiced on by the importunitie of others that Anno Dom. 1553 excluding His two Sisters he conveyed the Crown to the Ladie Jane His Kinswoman by that which we may we call the Testament of King Edward and the Will of the Duke of Northumberland Thus through the piousintents of this Prince wishing well to the Reformation the Religion of Queen Marie obnoxious to exception the ambition of Northumberland who would do what he listed the simplicity of Suffolke who would be done with as the other pleased the dutifulnesse of the Ladie Jane disposed by her Parents the fearfulnesse of the Judges not daring
went farther than the former as not being for the 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 but for the 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Not for the paring pruning and purging but for the extirpating and abolishing of Bishops and conforming Church-government to forraigne Presbytery Whether the Subscribers to this Petition were for the maine a recruit of new persons or a resumption of those who under-writ the former I dare not define Probably many sensible that before they were Petition-bound inlarged themselves now in their additionall desires For such who aske no more than what they would have commonly receive lesse than what they aske seeing Petitions of this nature are seldome granted in full latitude without some abaâ—ement They allowed therefore some over-measure in their requests that the surplusage being defalked the remainder might in some manner give them satisfaction Sure I am Unfaire dealing in procuring of hands the Prelaticall party complained that to swell a number the non-conformists did not chuse but scrape Subscribers not to speak of the ubiquitarinesse of some hands the same being alwayes present at all Petitions Indeed to the first onely Ministers were admitted but to the latter brood of Petitions no hand which had five fingers was refused Insomuch that Master George since Lord Goring who then knew little and cared lesse for Church-government as unable to governe himselfe being then fifty years since rather a Youth than a Man a Boy than a Youth set his hand thereunto in the right I believe of his Mother a good Lady much addicted to that party and King James would in merriment make sport with him to know what reasons moved him at that age to this Subscription But enough of these Petitioners Perchance we shall heare more of them the next Parliament SECTION II. TO MATTHEVV GILLYE Esq SOlomon saith Ann. Reg. Ann. Dom. And there is a * Prov. 18. 24. Friend that is nearer than a Brother Now though I have read many VVriters on the Text your practice is the best Comment which hath most truly Expounded it unto me Accept this therefore as the Return of the Thanks of your respectfull Friend CAuselesse jealousies attend old age Jac. 2 1603-04 The death of Arch-bishop Whitgift as appears by Arch-bishop Whitgift who ended his Life according to his owne desire that he might not live to see the Parliament * See the Preface to Hampton Court conference being more scar'd than hurt as fearing some strange opposition therein an assault of Un-conformists on Church-Discipline fiercer than his age feebled body should be able to resist Born he was of ancient Parentage at great Grimsby in Lincoln shire bred in Cambridge admitted in Queens Colledge removed Scholar to Pembroke Hall where Mr. Bradford was his Tutor translated Fellow to Peter-house returned Master to Pembroke thence advanced Master of Trinity Colledge successively Parson of Teversham Prebend of Ely Dean of Lincolne Bishop of Worcester where the Queen forgave him his first fruits a rare gift for her who was so good an Huswife of Her Revenues Yea she constantly called him Her little black Husband which favour nothing elated his gravity carrying himself as one unconcerned in all worldly honour He survived the Queen not a full yeare getting his bane by going in a cold morning by Barge to Fulham there to consult with the Bishops about managing their matters in the ensuing Parliament And no wonder if those few sparks of naturall heat were quickly quenched witha small cold in him who was then above seventy two yeares of age He died of the Palsey one of the worthiest men that ever the English Hierarchy did enjoy 2. But a modern writer in his voluminous book against the practices of English Prelates Mr. Pry 〈◊〉 censuring Whitgift censured bitterly inveigheth against him whom be termeth A Pontificall meaneth he Paganish or Popish Bishop and chargeth him with many misdemeanours Give me leave a little without bitternesse both to pass my censure on his book and make this Archbishop his just defence against his calumniation First in generall behold the complexion of his whole booke and it is black and swarthie in the uncharitable Subject and Title thereof An Historicall collection of the severall execrable Treasons Conspiracies Rebellions Seditions State-schismes Contumacies Anti-monarchicall Practices and oppressions of English Prelates c. Thus he weeds mens lives and makes use onely to their disgrace of their infirmities meane time suppressing many eminent actions which his owne conscience knows were performed by them What a monster might be made out of the best beauties in the World if a Limmer should leave what is lovely and onely collect into one Picture what he findeth amisse in them I know there be white Teeth in the blackest Black-moore and a black Bill in the whitest Swanne Worst men have something to be commended best men something in them to be condemned Only to insist on mens faults to render them odious is no ingenious employment God we know so useth his fanne that he keepth the Corn but driveth away the Chaffe But who is he that winnoweth so as to throw away the good graine and retaine the Chaffe onely 3. Besides it conteineth untruths His untruth of Anselme or at the best uncertainties which he venteth with assurance to posterity For instance * Pag. 10. speaking of Walter Tyrrill the French Knight casually killing King William Rufus in new Forrest with an arrow glancing from a tree he saith that in all likelihood Anselme Archbishop of Canterbury our Whitgifts predecessor with fore-plotted treason hired Tyrill to murder the King in this manner Now to condemne the memory of so pious and learned a man as Anselme was though I will not excuse him in all things five hundred yeares after the fact pretended on his owne single bare surmise contrary to the constant current of all authours no one whispering the least suspition thereof hath I believe but little of Law and nothing of Gospell therein Let the glancing of Tyrrels arrow minde men how they * Psal 64. 3. bend their bowes to shoot arrowes even bitter words at the memory of the deceased lest it rebound back not as his did to hit a stander by but justly to wound him who unjustly delivered it 4. But to come to our reverend Whitgift His slander of Whitgift First he chargeth him for troubling the Judges with his Contestations about Prohibitions endeavouring to enlarge his Ecclesiasticall Jurisdiction This being the Accusation but of a Common Lawyer and that in favour of his owne Courts I leave to some Doctour of the Civill or Canon Law as most proper to make answer thereunto Onely whereas he saith that Whitgift did it to the prejudice of the Queenes * Pag. 149. Prerogative surely She knew her owne Priviledges so well besides those of her Councell to teach her that she would never have so favourably reflected on him if sensible wise Princes having a tender touch in
the name of Percy and sight of Faux so quickned the jealousie of the Lord Mounteagle that this first slight Search led to a second scrutinie more strictly and secretly performed 34. This was made at midnight by Sir Thomas Knevet The second search discovers all Gentleman of His Majesties Privie Chamber and others into the Vault under the Parliament House There the mysterie of iniquity was quickly discovered a Pile of Fewell faced over with Billets lined under with thirty six Barrels of Powder besides Iron barres to make the force of the fire more effectuall Guido Faux was apprehended in the outward Room with a Dark Lantern in his hand the lively embleme of their designe whose dark side was turned to man whiles the light part was exposed to God and three Matches ready to give fire to the Train This Caitiffe professed himself onely grieved that he was not in the inner room to blow himself and them all up together affirming moreover that not God but the Devil made the discovery of the Plot. 35. Mean time The Traytors slie and are taken Catesbie Percy Rookwood both the Wrights and Thomas Winter were hovering about London to attend the issue of the matter Having sate so long abrood and hatching nothing they began to suspect all their eggs had proved addle Yet betwixt hope and fear they and their Servants post down into the Countrey thorough Warwick and Worcester into Stafford shire Of Traytors they turn Felons breaking up Stables and stealing Horses as they went But many of their own men by a farre more lawfull felonie stole away from their Masters leaving them to shift for themselves The neighbouring Counties and their own consciences rise up against these riotous Roisters as yet unknown for Traytors At last Sir Richard Walsh High Sheriffe of Worcestershire overtook them at Holbeck in Stafford shire at the house of Mr. Stephen Littleton where upon their resistance the two Wrights were killed Rookwood and Thomas Winter shrewdly wounded 36. As for Percy Catesbi◠and Piercie fight desperately for their lives and Catesbie they fought desperately for their lives as knowing no quarter but quartering would be given unto them and as if they scorned to turn their backs to any but themselves setting back to back they fought against all that assaulted them Many swords were drawn upon them but gunpowder must doe the deed which discharged that bullet which dispatched them both Never were two bad mens deaths more generally lamented of all good men onely on this account that they lived no longer to be forced to a farther discovery of their secret Associates 37. It must not be forgotten The Lord is just how some hours before their apprehension as these Plotters were drying dank gun-powder in an Iane a Miller casually coming in haply not heeding the black meal on the hearth by carelesse casting on of a billet fired the gun-powder Up flies the Chimney with part of the house all therein are frighted most hurt but especially Catesbie and Rookwood had their faces soundly scorched so bearing in their bodies not 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 g Gal. 6. 17. the marks of our Lord Jesus Christ but the print of their own impieties Well might they guesse how good that their cup of cruelty was whose dregs they meant others should drink Ann. Reg. Jac. 4 Ann. Dom. 1605-6 by this little sip which they themselves had unwillingly tasted thereof 38. The rest were all at London solemnly arraigned The rest are legally executed convicted condemned So foule the fact so fair the proof they could say nothing for themselves Master Tresham dying in the prison prevented a more ignominious end 1. Sir Everard Digbie Robert Winter Grant and Bates were hanged drawn Jan. 30. and quartered at the West end of S. Paul's Three of them but especially Sir Everard Digbie died very penitently and devoutly onely Grant expressed most obstinacy at his end 2. Thomas Winter Ambrose Rookwood Keies Jan. 31. and Faux were executed as the former in the Parliament-yard in Westminster Keies followed Grant in his obstinacie and h Stow's Chro pag. 882. Faux shewed more penitencie than all the rest 3. Garnet Provinciall of the English Jesuits was arraigned some weeks after by i Stow p. 883. four severall names and executed on the Saturday which he said was called Institutio crucis of whom largely in the next year They all craved testimony that they died Roman Catholicks my pen shall grant them this their last and so equall petition and bears witnesse to all whom it may concern That they lived and died in the Romish Religion And although the hainousnesse of their offence might with some colour of justice have angred severity into cruelty against them yet so favourably were they proceeded with that most of their Sons or Heirs except since disinherited by their own prodigality at this day enjoy their Paternall possessions 39. Heaven having thus defeated Hell of its desired successe The presumption of a posthume report justly censured Earth since hath endevoured to defraud Heaven of its deserved praise A posthume report is brought forth into the world nursed as it is fit by the mothers thereof that King JAMES was privie to this Plot all along and that His observing ran parallel with the Traytors acting therein so that He could discover it when He pleased but was not pleased to discover it untill the Eve of the fifth of November A fancie inconsistent with that ordinary piety which all charitable men must allow King JAMES as a Christian and with that extraordinary policie which His adversaries admire in Him as a Statesman Was it probable that He would tempt God so profanely as solemnly to thank him for revealing that to Him which he knew before Would King JAMES his wisdome not to say His warinesse not to say His fearfulnesse dally so long with destruction as to put it off to the last hour when Uno actu tactu ictu nictu all might have been confounded Was it not hard for Him to equivocate before such a Master of equivocation as Garnet the Jesuit was who certainly if he had smelt any jugling of King JAMES therein would no doubt have proclamed it to all the world at his execution I deny not but that the King both by intelligence from forain parts and secret information from those secular Priests that Bishop Bancroft secretly kept in his house was advertised in generall of some great Plot which the Jesuited Papists were hatching against the ensuing Parliament but for the particulars that ridd'ling Letter brought Him the first notice thereof whatsoever is fancied to the contrary But if wilde conjectures in such cases from obscure Authors shall be permitted to justle for credit against received Records all former unquestionable history will be quickly reduced to an universall uncertainty But there is a generation of people who to inhanse the reputation of their knowledge seem not only like mothes to have
words which cannot without some circumlocution so briefly and fitly be expressed in the text 7. Such quotations of places to be marginally set down as shall serve for the fit reference of one Scripture to another 8. Every particular man of each company to take the same Chapter or Chapters and having translated or amended them severally by himself where he thinks good all to meet together conferre what they have done and agree for their part what shall stand 9. As any one company hath dispatched any one Book in this manner they shall send it to the rest to be considered of seriously and juditiously for His Majestie is very carefull in this point 10. If any company upon the review of the Book so sent shall doubt or differ upon any places to send them word thereof note the places and therewithall send their reasons to which if they consent not the difference to be compounded at the General Meeting which is to be of the chief persons of each company at the end of the work 11. When any place of speciall obscurity is doubted of Letters to be directed by Authority to send to any learned in the Land for his judgment in such a place 12. Letters to be sent from every Bishop to the rest of his Clergie admonishing them of this Translation in hand and to move and charge as many as being skilfull in the Tongues have taken pains in that kinde to send his particular observations to the Company either at Westminster Cambridge or Oxford 13. The directours in each Company to be the Deans of Westminster and Chester for that place and the Kings Professours in the Hebrew and Greek in each Universitie 14. These Translations to be used when they agree better with the Text than the Bishops-Bible viz Tindals Matthews Coverdals Whitchurch Geneva Besides the said directions before mentioned three or four of the most antient and grave Divines in either of the Universities not employed in translating to be assigned by the Vice-Chancellour upon conference with the rest of the Heads to be Overseers of the Translations as well Hebrew as Greek for the better observation of the fourth Rule above-specified 2. The untimely death of Mr. Edward Lively Mr. Lively his death much weight of the work lying on his skill in the Oriental Tongues happening about this time happy that servant whom his Master when he cometh findeth so doing not a little retarded their proceedings However the rest vigorously though slowly proceeded in this hard heavie and holy task nothing offended with the censures of impatient people condemning their delaies though indeed but due deliberation for lazinesse Our pen for the present taketh its leave of them not doubting but within two years to give a good account of them or rather that they will give a good account of themselves In the translating of the Bible one of the eminent persons employed therein The death of Dr. Reynolds was translated into a better life viz 3. Doctor John Reynolds May 21 Kings Professour in Oxford born in Devon shire with Bishop Iewell and Mr. Hooker and all three bred in Corpus-Christi Colledge in Oxford No one County in England bare three such men * He was Bachâ—lor of Arts before Bishop Jewels death contemporarie at large in what Colledge soever they were bred no Colledge in England bred such three men in what County soever they were born 4. This Iohn Reynolds at the first was a zealous Papist A strange encounter whilst William his Brother was as earnest a Protestant and afterwards Providence so ordered it that by their mutuall disputation Iohn Reynolds turned an eminent Protestant and William an inverterate Papist in which perswasion he died This gave the occasion to an excellent Copie of Verses Ann. Dom. 1607 Ann. Reg. Jac. 5 concluding with this Distich Quod genus hoc pugnae est ubi victus gaudet uterque Et simul alteruter se superâsse dolet What war is this when conquered both are glad And either to have conquered other sad Daniel saith Chap. 12. ver 4. Many shall run to and fro and knowledge shall be increased But here indeed was a strange transcursion and remarkable the effects thereof 5. His memory was little lesse than miraculous he himself being the truest Table to the multitude of voluminous Books he had read over His admirable parts and piety whereby he could readily turn to all materiall passages in every leaf page volume paragraph not to descend lower to lines and letters As his Memory was a faithfull Index so his Reason was a solid Judex of what he read his Humility set a lustre on all admirable that the whole should be so low whose severall parts were so high communicative of which he knew to any that desired information herein like a tree Joaden with fruit bowing down its branches to all that desired to ease it of the burden thereof deserving this Epitaph Incertum est utrum Doctior an Melior 6. His disaffection to the discipline established in England was not so great Most conformable in his practice to the Church of England as some Bishops did suspect or as more Non conformists did believe No doubt he desired the abolishing of some Ceremonies for the ease of the conscience of others to which in his own practice he did willingly submit constantly wearing Hood and Surplice and kneeling at the Sacrament On his death-bed he earnestly desired absolution Dr. Crackenthorp in his Defence of the English against Spalato according to the form of the Church of England and received it from Doctor Holland whose hand he * affectionately kissed in expression of the joy he received thereby Doctor Featly made his funerall Oration in the Colledge Sir Isaac Wake in the University 7. About this time Mr. John Molle Mr. Molle his birth and breeding Governour to the Lord Ross in his travails began his unhappy journey beyond the Seas This Mr. Molle was born in or neer South-Molton in Devon His youth was most spent in France where both by sea and land he gained much dangerous experience Once the ship he sailed in sprung a-leak wherein he and all his company had perished if an Hollander bound for Garnesay passing very neer had not speedily taken them in which done their ship sunk immediately Being Treasurer for Sir Thomas Shirley of the Englâ—sh Army in Britanie he was in the defeat of Cambray wounded taken prisoner and ransomed Providence designing him neither to be swallowed by the surges nor slain by the sword but in due time to remain a Land-mark of Christian patience to all posterity At last he was appointed by Thomas Earl of Exeter who formerly had made him Examiner in the Councell of the North to be Governour in Travail to his Grand-childe the Lord Ross undertaking the charge with much reluctancie as a presage of ill successe and with a profession and a resolution not to passe the Alpes 8.
bowed all waies was adjudged unfit to make a beam or raster either in Popish or Protestant Church And now what would not make timber to build must make fewel to burn to which end he came at last But for some years he lived at Rome on a pension which Pope Gregory assigned him out of his own revenues untill there arose a new Pope who never knew Spalato with the least knowledge of approbation viz Urban the eighth brought in by the antifaction of the French He finding his revenue charged with a pension paid to his adversary thrift is a floure even in the Triple Crown prohibits the future issuing out of the same His pension being stopped Spalato's mouth is open and passionately discourseth reputed heresie in severall companies 16. There was residing at Rome Cardinal Clesel's neglected friendship destructive to Spalato one Cardinal Clesel an High Germane betwixt whom and Spalato formerly great familiarity whilst Clesel was the Pope's Legate de Latere with the Emperour at Vienna where Spalato negotiated business for the State of Venice This Cardinal expected Spalato's applications unto him after he was returned to Rome which he refused being belike too high in the instep or rather too stiffe in the knees to bow to beg a kindnesse Clesel perceiving his amity made contemptible resolved to make his enmity considerable yet dissembling friendship for the better opportunity of revenge he invites Spalato to supper and a train of discourse being laid at a liberal meal Spalato is as free in talking as in eating and le ts fall this expression that though divers had endevoured it no Catholick had as yet answered his Books De Republica Ecclesiastica but adding moreover That he himself was able to answer them Presently his person is clapt into prison his study seised on wherein many papers were found speaking heresie enough his Adversaries being admitted sole Interpreters thereof 17. As for his death Spâ—lato's body burnt after his death some moneths after some say he was stifled others strangled others stabb'd others starv'd others poyson'd others smothered to death but my intelligence from his own Kinred at Venice informs me that he died a natural death adding moreover non sine praeveniente gratiâ not without God's preventing grace for had his life been longer his death had been more miserable Yea they say the Pope sent four of his sworn Physicians to recognize his corps who on their oath deposed that no impression of violence was visible thereon However after his death his excommunicated corps were put to publick shame and solemnly proceeded against in the Inquisition for relapsing into heresie since his return to Rome His Kinred were summoned to appear for him if they pleased but durst not plead for a dead man for fear of infection of the like punishment on themselves Several Articles of heresie are charged upon him and he found convict thereof is condemned to have his body burnt by the publick Executioner in the field of Flora which was performed accordingly Such honour have all Apostates 18. We must not forget The word Puritane how first abused by Spalato that Spalato I am confident I am not mistaken therein was the first who professing himself a Protestant used the word PURITANE to signifie the defenders of matters doctrinal in the English Church Formerly the word was onely taken to denote such as dissented from the Hierarchie in Discipline and Church-Government which now was extended to brand such as were Anti-Arminians in their judgments As Spalato first abused the word in this sense so we could wish he had carried it away with him in his return to Rome Whereas now leaving the word behinde him in this extensive signification thereof it hath since by others been improved to asperse the most orthodox in doctrine and religious in conversation 19. He was of a comely personage His unpartial character tall stature gray beard grave countenance fair language fluent expression somewhat abdominous and corpulent in his body Of so imperious and domineering spirit that as if the Tenant were the Land Lord though a stranger he offered to controll the Archbishop of Canterbury in his own house An excellent Preacher every first Sunday in the moneth to the Italian Nation at Mercers-Chappel as his Sermon called Scopleos or the Rocks doth plentifully witnesse wherein he demonstrates That all the Errors of the Roman Church proceed from their pride and covetousness And under the Rose be it spoken if the great ship of Rome split it self on these Rocks Spalato his own pinnace made m 1 Tim. 1. 19. shipwrack of the faith on the same which were his bosome-sins In a word he had too much Wit and Learning to be a cordial Papist and too little Honesty and Religion to be a sincere Protestant 20. About the same time three other Italians made their escape into England Three other Italian juglers One Antonio as I take it a Capuchian who here married a Wife and was beneficed in Essex The other two Benedictines living the one with the Archbishop of Canterbury the other with the Archbishop of Yorke All these three were neither good dough not good bread but like Ephraim n Hos 7. 8. a cake not turned though they pretended to true conversion The first of these being kinne to Spinola the Low-Countrey-General was by him on what terms I know not trained over and reconciled to Rome The other two onely racking no thorough-paced Protestants watched their opportunity to run away Yet let not this breed in us a jealousie of all Italianâ— Converts seeing Vergerius Peter Martyr Emanuel Tremellius c. may reconcile us to a good opinion of them and to believe That God hath p Revel 3. 4. a few names even in Sardis where the Throne of the Beast is erected And indeed Italian Converts like Origen where they doe well none better where ill none worse 21. All mens mouthes were now fill'd with discourse of Prince CHARLES his match with Donna MARIA the Infanta of Spaine The Spanish Match the discourse general The Protestants grieved thereat fearing that this marriage would be the funeralls of their Religion and their jealousies so descanted thereon that they suspected if taking effect more water of Tiber than Thames would run under London-bridge The Churchâ—Catholicks grew insolent thereat and such who formerly had a Pope in their belly shewed him now in their tongues and faces avouching their Religion which they concealed before Yet at last this Match so probable brake off Heaven forbidding the Banes even at the third and last asking thereof 22. Count Gondomar was the active Instrument to advance this Match Gondomaâ— procures the inlargment of all Iesuâ—s who so carried himself in the twilight of jest-earnest that with his jests he pleased His MAJESTY of England and with his earnest he pleasured his Master of Spaine Having found out the length of King JAMES's foot he fitted Him with so easie a shooe which
despaire of perfect notice of particulars at so great a distance of place and greater of Parties concerned therein Thirdly if exact intelligence were obtained as ages long agoe are written with more saefety then truth so the story hereof might be writen with more truth then safety Lastly being a civill busines it is aliened from my subject and may justly be declined If any object that it is reduceable to Ecclesiasticall story because one as they said termed this Bellum episcopale The Warr for Bishops I conceive it presumption for so mean a Minister as my self and indeed for any under that great order to undertake the writing thereof TO HENRY PUCKERINGNEVVTON SONNE and HEIRE to S r. HENRY PVCKERINGNEWTON BARONET NO Gentleman in this Nation is more advantaged to be a Scholar born then your self You may be free of the City of the Muses by the Copy of your Grandfathers By your Fathers side Sir Adam Newton Tutour to Prince Henry By your Mothers side Mr. Murray Tutour to K. Charles If you be not more then an ordinary Scholar it will not be lesse then an extraordinary disgrace Good is not good where better is expected But I am confident if your pains be added to your parts your prayers to your pains Gods blessing will be added to your prayers to crown all with successe 1. NOw Bishop Williams was sentenced the second time in the Star-Chamber on this occâ—sion Bishop Williams his second censure Mr. Lambert Osbaston School-master of Westminster wrote a Letter unto him wherein this passage The little vermin the Urchin and Hocus pocus is this stoâ—my Christmas at true and reall variance with the Leviathan Now the Bishop was accused for d vulging scandalous Libells on Privy-Counsellors and that the Archbishop of Canterbury was meant by the former names The Lord Treasurer Weston by the Leviathan because he should have presented the libellous Letter at the receit thereof to some Justice of Peace Anno Dom. and not dispersed the same Anno Regis Carol. 2. The Bishop pleaded that he remembred not the receiving of any such letter that he conceived no law directs the subject to bring to a Justice of Peace Enigmaes or Riddles but plain literall and grammaticall Libells against a known and clearly deciphered Person Mr. Osbaston denyed the words so meant by him and deposed that he intended one Doctor Spicer a Civilian by Hocus Pocus and the Lord Richardson alive when the letter was written but then dead for the Leviathan 3. Here a paper was produced by Mr. Walker the Bishops Secretary and found in a band-box at Bugden wherein the Bishop had thus written unto him Here is a strange thing Mr. Osbaston importunes me to contribute to my Lord Treasurers use some charges upon the little great man and assures me they are mortally out I have utterly refused to meddle in this business and I pray you learn from Mr. S. and Mr. H. if any such falling out be or whether some body hath not guld the Schoolmaster in these three last letters and keep it to your self what I write unto you If my Lord Treasurer would be served by me be must use a more neere solid and trusty Messenger and free me from the bonds of the Star-chamber else let them fight it out for me Now Mr. Walker being pressed by a friend why he would discover this letter to his Masters prejudice averred he brought it forth as a man witness of his innocency and as able to clear him of all in the informaton however it was strongly misunderstood for by comparing both letters together the Court collected the Bishop guilty 4. Sir John Finch fined him a just ten thousand pounds Rotundi numeri causa whom Secretary Windebank did follow The rest brought it down to eight thousand pounds only one Lord thought fitting to impose no fine upon him rendring this reason Qui jacet in terra non habet unde cadet 5. The Bishop already being sequestred from all his Temporall Lands spirituall preferment and his Person imprisoned Mr. Osbaston was sentenced five Thousand pounds loss of his good living at Whethamstede and to have his earâ—s tackt to the Pillory in the presence of his Scholars whom his industry had improved to as great eminency of learning as any of his Predecessors insomuch that he had at the present above fouresore Doctors in the two Universities and three learned faculties all gratefully acknowledging their education under him But this last personall penalty he escaped by going beyond Canterbury conceived seasonably gone beyond the Seas whilst he secretly concealed himself in London 6. All this put not a period to the Bishops troubles 1638 his unsequestred Spirit so supported him 14 that some of his Adversaries frowned because he could smile under so great vexations A design is set a foot either to make him voluntarily surrender his Bishoprick Deanary and dignities permitted perchance a poor Bishoprick in Ireland or else to press his degradation in order whereunto a new information with ten Articles is drawn up against him though for the main but the consequence and deductions of the fault for tampering with Witnesses for which in the 13. of King Charles he had been so severely censured 7. To this the Bishop put in a Plea and Demurrer that Deus non judicat bis in id ipsum God punisheth not the same fault twice that this is the way to make causes immense and punishments infinite that whereas there was two things that Philosophers denied infinitenesse and vacuity Kilvert had found them both in this prosecution infinitenesse in the Bishops cause and vacuity in his purse that the profane wits of this age should begin to doubt of the necessity of beleeving a Hell hereafter Anno Regis Caroli 14 when such eternall punishments are found here in such kind of prosecution Anno Dom. 1638 he added also that he could prove it that it was a conspiracy of Kilverts with other persons if he might have freedome to bring his witnesses against them which because it cast scandal on those who were Pro domino Rege was now denied him 8. Then put he in a Rejoynder and an Appeal unto the next Parliament whensoever it should be assembled pleading his priviledge of Peerage as his freehold and that he could not be degraded of his Orders and Dignities This was filed in the Sâ—ar-Chamber under the Clarks Book and Copies thereof signed with the usuall Officers Now although this was but a poor help no light of a Parliament dawning at that time yet it so far quashed the proceedings that it never came to farther hearing and the matter superseded from any finall Censure 9. And now began Scotland to be an Actor 15 and England 1639 as yet a sad Spectator thereof Scots broileâ— begin as suspecting ere long to feel what â—e beheld There is an Hye Hill in Cumberland called Skiddaw another answering thereto Scrussell by name in Anandale in
May 21. The second May 24 anno 1641. moneths before yet for the entirenesse of the History may now seasonably be inserted I shall take the boldnesse to speak a word or two upon this subject first as it is in it self then as it is in the consequence For the former I think he is a great stranger in Antiquity that is not well acquainted with that of their sitting here they have done thus and in this manner almost since the conquest and by the same power and the sameright the other Peers did and your Lordships now doe and to be put from this their due so much their due by so many hundred yeers strengthned and confirmed and that without any offence nay pretence of any seems to me to be very severe if it be jus I dare boldly say it is summum That this hinders their Ecclesiasticall vocation an argument I hear much of hath in my apprehension more of shadow than substance in it if this be a reason sure I am it might have been one six hundred yeers agoe A Bishop my Lords is not so circumscribed within the circumference of his Diocesse that his sometimes absence can be termed no not in the most strict sense a neglect or hinderance of his duty no more then that of a Lieutenant from his County they both have their subordinate Ministers upon which their influences fall though the distance be remote Besides my Lords the lesser must yeeld to the greater good to make wholsome and good Lawes for the happy and well regulating of Church and Common-wealth is certainly more advantagious to both then the want of the personall execution of their office and that but once in three yeers then peradventure but a month or two can be prejudicall to either I will goe no further to prove this which so long experience hath done so fully so demonstratively And now my Lords by your Lordships good leave I shall speak to the consequence as it reflects both on your Lordships and my Lords the Bishops Dangers and inconveniences are ever best prevented è longinquo this Precedent comes neer to your Lordships the bill indeed hath a direct aspect only upon them but an oblique one upon your Lordships and such a one that mutato nomine de vobis Pretences are never wanting nay sometimes the greatest evills appear in the most fair and specious outsides witnesse the Shipmony the most abominable the most illegall thing that ever was and yet this was painted over with colour of the Law What Bench is secure if to alleage be to convince and which of your Lordships can say that he shall continue a member of this House when at one blow six and twenty are cut off It then behoves the Neighbour to look about him cùm proximus ardet Ucalegon And for the Bishops my Lords in what condition will you leave them The House of Commons represents the meanest person so did the Master his Slave but they have none to doe so much for them and what justice can tie them to the observation of those Lawes to whose constitution they give no consent Anno Regis Carol. 17 the wisedome of former times gave proxies unto this House meerly upon this ground that every one might have a hand in the making of that which he had an Obligation to obey This House could not represent therefore proxies in room of persons were most justly allowed And now my Lords 28 before I conclude I beseech your Lordships to cast your eyes upon the Church which I know is most dear and tender to your Lordships you will see her suffer in her most principall members and deprived of that honour which here and throughout all the Christian World ever since Christanity she constantly hath enjoyed for what Nation or Kingdome is there in whose great and publique assemblies 30 and that from her beginning she had not some of hers if I may not say as essentiall I am sure I may say as integrall parts thereof and truly my Lords Christianity cannot alone boast of this or challenge it only as hers even Heathenism claims an equall share I never read of any of them Civill or Barbarous that gave not due honour to their Religion so that it seems to me to have no other originall to flow from no other spring then nature it self But I have done and will trouble your Lordships no longer how it may stand with the honour and justice of this house to passe this Bill I most humbly submit unto your Lordships the most proper and only Judges of them both His second Speech I shall not speak to the preamble of the Bill that Bishops and Clergy-men ought not to intermeddle in temporall affaires For truly My Lords I cannot bring it under any respect to be spoken of Ought is a word of relation and must either refer to Humane or Divine Law to prove the lawfulnesse of their intermedding by the former would be to no more purpose than to labour to convince that by reason which is evident to sense It is by all acknowledged The unlawfulnesse by the later the Bill by no means admits of for it excepts Universities and such persons as shall have honour descend upon them And your Lordships know that circumstance and chance alter not the nature and essence of a thing nor can except any particular from an universall proposition by God himself delivered I will therefore take these two as granted first that they ought by our Law to intermeddle in Temporall affaires secondly that from doing so they are not inhibited by the Law of God it leaves it at least as a thing indifferent And now my Lords to apply my self to the businesse of the day I shall consider the conveniency and that in the severall habitudes thereof But very briefly first in that which it hath to them meerly as men quà tales then as parts of the Commonweale Thirdly from the best manner of constituting Laws and lastly from the practice of all times both Christian and Heathen Homo sum 1. nihil humanum à me alienum puto was indeed the saying of the Comedian but it might well have become the mouth of the greatest Philosopher We allow to sense all the works and operations of sense and shall we restrain reason Must only man be hindred from his proper actions They are most fit to doe reasonable things that are most reasonable For Science commonly is accompanied with conscience so is not ignorance they seldome or never meet And why should we take that capacity from them which God and nature have so liberally bestowed My Lords 2. the politick body of the Common-wealth is analogicall to the body naturall every member in that contributes something to the preservation of the whole the superfluity or defect which hinders the performance of that duty your Lordships know what the Philosopher calls 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 natures sinne And truly my Lord to be part of the
other body and doe nothing beneficiall thereunto cannot fall under a milder term The Common-wealth subsists by Lawes and their execution and they that have neither head in the making nor hand in the executing of them confer not any thing to the being or well being thereof And can such be called members unless most unprofitable ones only fruges consumere nati Me thinks it springs from nature it self 3. or the very depths of justice that none should be tyed by other lawes then himself makes for what more naturall and just then to be bound only by his own consent to be ruled by anothers will is meerly tyrannicall Nature there suffers violence and man degenerates into beast The most flourishing Estates were ever governed by Lawes of an universall constitution witnesse this our Kingdome witnesse Senatus Populusque Romanus the most glorious Common-wealth that ever was and those many others in Greece and elsewhere of eternall memory Some things 4. my Lords are so evident in themselves that they are difficult in their proofs Amongst them I reckon this conveniency I have spoken of I will therefore use but a word or two more in this way The long experience that all Christendome hath had hereof for these 1300. yeers is certainly argumentum ad hominem Nay my Lords I will goe further for the same reason runs through all Religions never was there any Nation that imployed not their religious men in the greatest affairs Anno Regis Caroli 16 But to come to the businesse that now lyes before your Lordships Bishops have voted here ever since Parliaments began and long before were imployed in the publique The good they have done your Lordships all well know and at this day enjoy for this I hope ye will not put them out nor for the evill they may doe which yet your Lordships doe not know and I am confident never shall suffer A position ought not to be destroyed by a supposition à posse ad esse non valet consequentia My Lords I have done with proving of this positively I shall now by your good favours doe it negatively in answering some inconveniences that may seem to arise For the Text Object 1. No man that wars intangles himself with the affairs of this life which is the full sense of the word both in Greek and Latine it makes not at all against them except to intermeddle and intangle be terms equivalent Besides my Lords though this was directed to a Church-man yet it is of a generall nature and reaches to all Clergy and Laity as the most learned and best expositors unanimously doe agree To end this Argumentum symbolicum non est argumentativum It may be said that it is inconsistent with a spirituall vocation Object 2. Truly my Lord Grace and Nature are in some respects incompatible but in some others most harmoniously agree it perfects nature and raises it to a height above the common altitude and makes it most fit for those great works of God himself to make lawes to doe Justice There is then no inconsistency between themselves it must arise out of Scripture I am confident it doth not formally out of any place there nor did I ever meet with any learned writer of these or other times that so expounded any Text. But though in strict terms this be not inconsistent Object 3. yet it may peradventure hinder the duty of their other calling My Lords there is not any that sits here more for preaching then I am I know it is the ordinary means to salvation yet I likewise know there is not that full necessity of it as was in the primitive times God defend that 1600 yeers acquaintance should make the Gospell of Christ no better known unto us Neither my Lords doth their office meerly and wholly consist in preaching but partly in that partly in praying and administring the blessed Sacraments in a godly and exemplary life in wholsome admonitions in exhortations to vertue dehortations from vice and partly in easing the burthened conscience These my Lords compleat the office of a Churchman Nor are they altogether tyed to time or place though I confesse they are most properly exercised within their own verge except upon good occasion nor then the omission of some can be termed the breach of them all I must add one more an essentiall one the very form of Episcopacy that distinguisheth it from the inferiour Ministery the orderly and good government of the Church and how many of these I am sure not the last my Lords is interrupted by their sitting here once in 3 yeers and then peradventure but a very short time and can there be a greater occasion than the common good of the Church and State I will tell your Lordships what the great and good Emperour Constantine did in his expedition against the Persians he had his Bishops with him whom he consulted about his military affairs as Eusebius has it in his life lib. 4. c. 56. Reward and punishment are the great negotiators in all worldly businesses Object 4. these may be said to make the Bishops swim against the stream of their consciences And may not the same be said of the Laity Have these no operations but only upon them Has the King neither frown honour nor offices but only for Bishops Is there nothing that answers their translations Indeed my Lords I must needs say that in charity it is a supposition not to be supposed no nor in reason that they will goe against the light of their understanding The holinesse of their calling their knowledge their freedome from passions and affections to which youth is very obnoxious their vicinity to the gates of death which though not shut to any yet alwayes stand wide open to old age these my Lords will surely make them steer aright But of matter of fact there is no disputation Object 5. some of them have done ill Crimine ab uno disce omnes is a poeticall not a logicall argument Some of the Judges have done so some of the Magistrates and Officers and shall there be therefore neither Judge Magistrate nor Officer more A personall crime goes not beyond the person that commits it nor can anothers fault be mine offence If they have contracted any filth or corruption through their own or the vice of the times cleanse and purge them throughly But still remember the great difference between reformation and extirpation And be pleased to think of your Trienniall Bill which will save you this labour for the time to come fear of punishment will keep them in order if they should not themselves through the love of vertue I have now my Lords according to my poor ability both shewed the conveniences and answered those inconveniences that seem to make against them I should now propose those that make for them As their falling into a condition worse then slaves not represented by any and then the dangers and inconveniences that
but therewith the others were unsatisfied jealousie is quick of grouth as not the same which His Majesty delivered unto him When presently the souldier whose rudeness the bad cause of a good effect had formerly over-inspected it in the Kings hand attested this the very same paper and prevented farther suspicions which might have terminated to the Bishops trouble 42. On the Wednesday sennight after Feb. 7. wednesday His Corpse embalmed His Corpse carried to Windsor and coffined in lead was delivered to the care of two of His servants to be buried at Windsor The one Anthony Mildmay who formerly had been His Sewer as I take it the other John Joyner bred first in His Majesties Kitchin afterwards a Parliament-Captain since by them deputed when the Scots surrendred His person Cook to His Majesty This night they brought the Corpse to Windsor and digged a grave for it in S. George his Chappel on the South side of the Communion-Table 43. But next day the Duke of Richmond 8. Thursday the Marquess of Hertford The Lords follow after it the Earles of South-Hampton and Lindsey others though sent to declining the service so far was their feare above their gratitude to their dead Master came to Windsor and brought with them two Votes passed that morning in Parliament Wherein the ordering of the Kings buriall for the form and manner thereof was wholy committed to the Duke of Richmond provided that the expence thereof exceeded not five hundred pounds Coming into the Castle they shewed their Commission to the Governor Colonel Wichcot desiring to interr the Corpse according to the Common-Prayer-Book of the Church of England The rather because the Parliaments total remitting the manner of the Buriall to the Dukes discretion implied a permission thereof This the governor refused alledging it was improbable that the Parliament would permit the use of what so solemnly they had abolished and therein destroy their own Act. 44. The Lords returned The Governors resolution that there was a difference betwixt destroying their own act and dispensing with it or suspending the exercise thereof That no power so bindeth up its own hands as to disable it self in some cases to recede from the rigour of their own acts if they should see just occasion All would not prevaile the Governour persisting in the negative and the Lords betook themselves to their sad employment 45. They resolved not to interre the Corpse in the grave which was provided for it The Lords with much searching finde a vault but in a Vault if the Chappel afforded any Then fall they a searching and in vain seek for one in King Henry the eighth His Chappel where the tombe intended for Him by Cardinal Wolsey lately stood because all there was solid earth Besides this place at the present used for a Magazine was unsuiting with a solemn sepulture Then with their feet they tried the Quire to see if a sound would confess any hollowness therein and at last directed by one of the aged poore Knights did light on a Vault in the middle thereof 46. It was altogether darke as made in the middest of the Quire and an ordinary man could not stand therein without stooping The description thereof as not past five foot high In the midst thereof lay a large leaden coffin with the feet towards the East and a far less on the left side thereof On the other side was room neither to spare nor to want for any other coffin of a moderate proportion 47. That one of the Order was buried there One of the Order buried therein plainly appeared by perfect pieces of purple-velvet their proper habit remaining therein Though some pieces of the same velvet were fox-tawnie and some cole-black all eye of purple being put out therein though all originally of the same cloath varying the colour as it met with more or less moisture as it lay in the ground 48. Now a concurrence of presumptions concluded this great Coffin to contain the Corpse of King Henry the eighth Presumed to be K. Henry the eight though there was neither Armes not any inscription to evidence the same 1. The place exactly corresponds to the designation of His burial See it in the end of K. Henry His Reign mentioned in His last Will and Testament 2. The small Coffin in all probability was His Queens Jane Semaurs by whom in His Will He desired to be buried and the room on the other side seems reserved for His surviving Wife Queen Katherine Parr 3. It was never remembred nor recorded that any Subject of that Order was interred in the body of that Quire but in by-Chappels 4. An herse stood over this vault in the dayes of Queen Elizabeth which because cumbering the passage was removed in the reign of King James I know a tradition is whispered from mouth to mouth that King Henry His body was taken up and burned in the reign of Queen Mary and could name the Knight Her Privie-Councellor and then dwelling not far off muttered to be employed in this inhumane action This prevailed so far on the Lord Herberts belief that he closeth his History of King Henry the eighth with these suspicious words To conclude I wish I could leave Him in His grave But there is no certainty hereof and more probable that here He quietly was reposed The lead-coffin being very thin was at this time casually broken and some yellow stuff altogether sentless like powder of gold taken out of it conceived some exsicative gumms wherewith He was embalmed which the Duke caused to be put in again and the Coffin closed up 49. The Vault thus prepared The leaden inscription on His Coffin a scarse of lead was provided some two foot long and five inches broad therein to make an inscription The Letters the Duke himself did delineate and then a workman call'd to cut them out with a Chesil It bare some debate whether the letters should be made in those concavities to be cut out or in the solid lead betwixt them The latter was concluded on because such vacuities are subject to be soon filled up with dust and render the inscription less legible which was KING CHARLES 1648. The Plummer souldred it to the Coffin about the brest of the Corpse within the same 50. All things thus in readiness The Corpse deposited the Corpse was brought to the vault Febr. 9. Friday being borne by the souldiers of the Garrison Over it a black velvet herse-cloth the foure labels whereof the foure Lords did support The Bishop of London stood weeping by to tender that his service which might not be accepted Then was It deposited in silence and sorrow in the vacant place in the vault the herse-cloth being cast in after it about three of the clock in the afternoone and the Lords that night though late returned to London FINIS THE HISTORY OF THE University of Cambridge SINCE THE CONQUEST Printed in the year of
meae Ignorantias ne memineris Domine Remember not Lord my sins nor the Ignorances of my Youth But may the Reader take notice this Story is related by Richard Hall a zealous Papist in his life of Bishop Fisher A Book which when lately in Manuscript I then more prized for the Rarity then since it is now printed I trust for the Verity thereof Iohn VVatson 11 Vice-Chan 1518-19 VVilliam Smith Iohn Cheswrigh Proctours VVil. Barber Major Doct. of Divinity 10 Can. Law 3 Bac. of Divin 11 Mast of Arts 26 Bac. of Law 26 Arts 38 27. Monks Colledge this year had it's name altered Monks turned into Buckingham Coll. and condition improved Formerly it was a place where many Monks lived on the Charge of their respective Convents being very fit for solitary Persons by the Situation thereof For it stood on the trans-Cantine side an Anchoret in it self severed by the River from the rest of the University Here the Monks some seven years since had once and again lodged and feasted Edward Stafford the last Duke of Buckingham of that Family Great men best may good men alwayes will be gratefull Guests to such as entertain them Both Qualifications met in this Duke and then no wonder if he largely requited his VVelcome He changed the Name of the House into Buckingham Colledge began to build and purposed to endow the same no doubt in some proportion to his own high and rich estate Edm. Nateres 12 Vice-Chan 1519-20 Iohn Denny VVil. Meddow Proct. Richard Clark Major Doct. Theol. 5 Iu. Can. 1 Civ 1 Bac. Theol. 20 Mag. Art 23 Bac. Leg. 19 Art 31 28. Two eminent men are assigned by a good Authour at this time to flourish in Cambridge A pair of learned Writers The one VVilliam Gonel a friend to Erasmus and here publick Professour saith b In Appendice illustrium Angliae Scriptorum Pitz but would he had told us of what Faculty But probably Publick Professour in the laxe acception of that Title importeth no more then an ordinary Doctour We need not question his Sufficiency when we find Sir Tho. More an Oxford man and able Judge of Merit select him for Tutour to his Children The other Stephen Baron Provinciall of the Franciscans and Confessour faith one c Idem p. 696 in anno 1520. to King Henry the eighth Some will scarce believe this Anno Dom. 1519-20 onely because about this time they find Longland Bishop of Lincoln performing that place Anno Regis Henrici 8. 12 except King Henry as he had many Faults had many Confessours at once But this Baron might have this office some years since Let me here without offence remember that the Seniour Vicar as I take it of the Kings Chappel is called the Confessour of the Kings Houshold which perchance hath caused some Mistakes herein Tho. Stackhouse 1520-21 Vice-Chan 13 Rich. Frank lo. Crayford Proctours Rich Clark Major Doct. Theol. 9 Ju. Can. 3 Civ 1 Bac. Theol. 5 Mag. Art 21 Bac. Leg. 7 Art 26 29. Edward Stafford D. of Buckingham The untimely death of the Duke of Buckingham a Gentleman rather vain then Wicked guilty more of Indiscretion then Disloialty by the practise of Cardinall VVoolsey lost his Life and was beheaded Charles the fifth Emperour being informed of his death a Godwin in Henry the eighth May 17 said that a Butchers Dog such VVoolsey's extraction had kill'd the fairest BUCK in England Let Oxford then commend the Memory of this Cardinall for founding a fair Colledge therein Cambridge hath more cause to complain of him who hindred her of an hopefull Foundation For this Duke surprized with death built but little and endowed nothing considerably in this Buckingham Colledge No wonder to such who consider that prevented with an unexpected End he finished not his own House but onely brought the sumptuous and stately Foundation thereof above ground at Thornbury in b Camden's Brit. ibidem Glocestershire Afterwards in Commiseration of this Orphan Colledge severall Convents built Chambers therein But more of it hereafter in Magdalen Colledge Iohn Edmunds Vice-Chan Nich. Rowley Iohn Stafford 1521-22 14 Proct. Robert Smith Major Doct. Theol. 6 Ju. Can. 1 Civ 1 Bac. Theol. 19 Mag. Art 22 Bac. Leg. 6 Art 40 30. Richard Crook was the first Crook his Character who now brought Greek into request in the University He was born in London bred in Kings Colledge where Anno c Manuscript Hatcher 1506. he was admitted Scholar Then travailing beyond the Seas he became publick Reader of Greek at Lipzick in Germany After his return by the perswasion of Bishop Fisher Chancellour of Cambridge he professed therein the Greek Language All Students equally contributed to his Lectures whether they heard d Epist Tho. Mori ad Aca. Oxon. or heard them not as in Dutch Ordinaries all Guests pay alike for the Wine e Erasmi Colloqu in Diversorio though they drink it not because they were or should be present thereat Crook dedicated his first publick Speech made in praise of the Greek tongue to Nich. VVest Bishop of Ely because Cambridge understand him of all the Parish Churches therein is of his Jurisdiction A passage impertinently pressed by f Brian Twine Oxford Antiquary to prove this University under his Episcopall Power as being in not of Elic Diocese exempted from it though surrounded with it Crook was also chosen the first publick Oratour a place of more Honour then Profit whose originall Salary g Cajus Hist. Cant. Aâ— l. 2 pag. 129. was but 40â— per ann Tho. Green Vice-Chan 1522-23 Robert Dent Io. Briganden Proct. Geo. h MS. Coll. Corp. Christi Hoyster Major He was excommunicated for his obstinacy towards the Deputy of the Vice-Ch 15 Doct. Theol. 5 In. Can. 2 Mag. Art 22 Bac. Art 46 31. It will not be amisse here to present the Reader with a List of the University Oratours Anno Regis Henrici 8. 15 Anno Dom. 1522-23 A Catalogue of Cambridge Oratours Oratours chosen 1 Richard Crook 1522 2 George Day fellow of Kings Col. 1528 3 Iohn Redman of Kings Hall 1537 4 Thomas Smith fellow of Queens Col. 1538 5 Roger Ascham fellow of S t. Iohns Col. 1547 6 Tho. Gardiner fellow of Kings Col. 1554 7 Iohn Stokes of the same 1557 8 George Ackworth 1560 9 Anthony Girlington fellow of Pembrook Hall 1561 10 Andrew Oxenbridge fellow of Trin. Col. 1562 11 VVil. Masters fellow of Kings Col. 1564 12 Thomas Bing fellow of Peter House 1564 13 VVilliam Lewin fellow of Christs Col. 1570 14 Iohn Beacon fellow of S t Iohns Col. 1571 15 Rich. Bridgewater fellow of Kings Col. 1573 16 Anthony VVing field fellow of Trin. Col. 1580 and re-admitted 1586 17 Henry Moutlow fellow of Kings Col. 1589 18 Rob. Naunton fellow of Trin. Col. 1595 19 Francis Nethersole fellow of Trin. Col. 1611 20 George
Providence kept it from being a See more of him in our History of Cambridge confounded Anno 1508. many a pound he gave moe he got of his Friends for this Colledge Indeed he was none of the greatest Rabbins but he made many good Scholars under him Thus the dull and blunt Whet-stone may be said vertually to be all Edge because setting a sharpnesse on other instruments Metcalfe Anno Dom 1534-35 with Themistocles Anno Regis Henrici 8. 27 could not fiddle but he know how to make a little Colledge a great one by his two and twenty years prudent government thereof 2. I find not a particular of the Faults Great deserts soon forgotten which the Fellows laid to Metcalf's charge It may be the greatest matter was because he was old they young he froward they factious Indeed he was over-frozen in his Northern Rigour and could not be thaw'd to ungive any thing of the rigidnesse of his Discipline Besides I suspect him too stubborn in his Romish Mumsâ—mus which gave his Adversaries advantage against him who would not be quiet till they had cast him out of his Mastership Did not all the Bricks of the Colledge that day double their Dye of rednesse to blush at the Ingratitudes of those that lived therein 3. Wonder not if Metcalfe survived but few months after his removall Guilt haunted with Iustice Old trees if transplanted are so farre from bearing of fruit that they bear not themselves long but wither away However let not his Enemies boast it being observed that none thrived ever after who had a hand in Metcalf's Ejection but lived meanly and died a Cajus hist Cant. Ac. lib. 1. p. 76. miserably This makes me confident that neither Master Cheek nor Master Askam then Fellow of the Colledge had any hand against him both of them being well known afterwards to come to good grace in the Common-wealth Fran. 1535-36 Mallet 29 Vice-Chan Hen Ioliffe Ro. Stokes Proctours Simon Trew Major Doct. Theol. 7 Bac. Theol. 16 Mag. Art 26 Bac. Leg. 13 Art 18 4. Now had the Records of Cambridge slept well-nigh a whole year in the Custodie of the Lord Cromwell Cambridge records re-delivered unto them not that there was the least intention finally to detain them but to suspend them for a time to wean the University from their former Fondnesse to the Pope that for the future they might feed with a better Appetite on the Kings Favours It was now therefore thought fit to restore them again without the losse of a Shoo-latcher to the University Whereupon Rob. Stokes the Iunior Proctour and Iohn Meare the Esq Bedel went up to London where the aforesaid Records were delivered unto them After their return to Cambridge Tho Argal and Anthony Hussey were deputed by the Regent-house to receive such Records as concerned the University 5. Yet I question Quaere whether the Popes Bulls were in species restored whether any of the Popes Bulles were restored to the University or no I mean those Bulles of a later date conferred on Cambridge since the Massacre general of their Records in the mad Maioralty of Edward b See our hist of Camb. Anno. 1381. Lyster If any such were returned they might be Monuments looked on for Rarities but no longer Muniments of the University as too infirm to fence and fortifie the same the Popes power being totally abrogated However though not in specie they were vertually restored the Vniversity exchanging not loosing her right herein onely bottoming her Priviledges not on Papal but Regal Power c Cajus hist Cant. Ac. l. 1. pag. 105. Etsi inclytissimus Rex ea auferrijusserit ne Pontificum deinceps obtenderetur Authoritas corum tamen beneficium Academâ—ae salvam integrumque esse voluit Georg. Anno Regis Henrici 8. 30 Day Anno Dom. 1536-37 Vice-Chanc Rich. Standish Tho. Cobbe Proct. Rad. Berkerdike Major Doct. Theol. 3 Medic. 1 Bac. Theol. 5 Mag. Art 19 Bac. Leg. 5 Medic. 2 Art 19 Wil. Buckmaster 31 Vice-Cha 1537-38 Galf. Gylpin Hen. Sanâ—â—rson Proctours Robert Smith Major Doct. Theol. 2 Ju. Civ 2 Bac. Theol. 7 Mag. Art 27 Bac. Leg. 7 Art 35 Wil. 32 Buckmaster 1538-39 Vice-Chan Oliv. Ainsworth Alban Longdale Proct. Christ Franck Major Doct. Theol. 3 Ju. Civ 1 Medic. 1 Bac. Theol. 4 Mag. Art 20 Bac. Leg. 3 Medic. 3 Art 42 Gram. 1 6. STEPHEN GARDINER was chosen Chancellour of the Vniversity Gardiner made Chancellour He was at the same time Master of Trinity Hall which he was pleased to hold for many years together with the Bishoprick of Winchester Francis Mallet Iohn Edmunds Vice-Chan 33 Tho. 1539-40 Pulley Ed. Humphrey Proct. Iohn Chapman Major Doct. Theol. 1 Iu. Civ 1 Medic 1 Bac. Theol. 5 Mag. Art 32 Bac. Leg. 6 Art 30 Rich. 34 Standish 1540 41 Vice-Chan Henry Bissel Thomas VVest Proctours William Gil Major Doct. Ju. Civ 1 Medic. 2 Bac. Theol. 4 Mag. Art 19 Bac. Leg. 9 Medic. 2 Art 49 7. A contest began now betwixt the Introducers of the New the Defenders of the Old Pronunciation of Greek Contention about pronouncing of Greek The former endeavoured to give each Letter Vowel and Diphthong it 's full Sound whilst Doctor Cajus and others of the old stampe cried out against this project and the promoters thereof taxing it for Novelty and them for want of Wit and Experience He affirmed Greek it self to be barbarous thus clownishly uttered and that neither France Germany nor Italy owned any such pronunciation 8. Iohn Cheek The champions for the new mode Thomas Smith both afterwards Knighted and privy Councelours maintained that this was no Innovation but the ancient utterance of the Greeks which gave every letter it 's due and native Sound Otherwise by the fine speaking of his opposers Vowels were confounded with Diphthongs no difference being made betwixt 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 and 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Nor mattereth it if Forrainers dissent seeing hereby we English-men shall understand one another 8. Here Bishop Gardiner Chancellour of the Vniversity interposed his power An inartificiall argument affirming Cheeks pronounciation pretending to be ancient to be antiquated Anno Dom. 154 0 1 He imposed a penalty on all such who used this new pronounciation Anno Regis Henrice 8. 34 which notwithstanding since hath prevailed and whereby we English-men speak Greek and are able to understand one another which no body else can Iohn Edmunds 154 1 2 Vice-Chanc 35 Simon Brigs Edwin Sandys Proct. Rob. Chapman Major Doct. Leg. 2 Medic. 2 Bac. Theol. 9 Mag. Art 17 Bac. Leg. 5 Art 33 Thomas Lord Audley of VValden The L. Audley builds Mandlin Colledge Chancellour of England by licence obtained from King Henry the eighth changed Buckingham into Magdalen vulgarily Maudlin Colledge because as a Sceleton Cant. MS. some will have it his Sirname is therein