some be present to interpret XXIV Of speaking in the Congregation in such a Toung as the people understandeth It is a thing plainly repugnant to the VVord of God and the custom of the primitive Church to have publick prayer in the Church or to minister the Sacraments in a Tongue not understanded by the people XXVI Of the Sacraments Our Lord Jesus Christ gathered his people into a Society 22 by Sacraments very few in number most easie to be kept and of most excellent signification that is to say Baptism and the Supper of the Lord. The Sacraments were not ordained of Christ to be gazed upon or to be carried about but that we should duly use them And in such onely as worthily receive the same they have a wholesome effect or operation not as some say Ex opere operato 24 Which terms as they are strange and utterly unknown to the Holy Scripture so do they yield a sense which savoureth of little piety but of much superstition but they that receive them unworthily receive to themselves damnation The Sacraments ordained by the Word of God be not onely badges or tokens of Christian mens profession but rather they be certain sure witnesses effectual signs of grace and Gods Good will toward us by the which he doth work invisibly in us and doth not onely quicken but also strengthen and confirm our faith in him XXV Of the Sacraments Sacraments ordained of Christ 23 be not onely badges and tokens of Christian mens profession but rather they be certain sure witnesses and effectual signes of Grace and Gods good-will towards us by the which he doth work invisibly in us and doth not onely quicken but also strengthen and confirm our faith in him There are two Sacraments ordained of Christ our Loâ—d in the Gospel that is to say Baptism and the â—upper of the Lord. Those five commonly called Sacraments 25 that is to say Confirmation Penance Orders Matrimony and Extream Unction are not to be counted for Sacraments of the Gospel being such as have grown partly of the corrupt following of the Apostles partly are states of life allowed in the Scriptures but yet have not like nature of Sacraments with Baptism and the Lords Supper for that they have not any visible Sign or Ceremony ordained of God The Sacraments were not ordained of Christ to be gazed on or to be carried about but that we should duly use them And in such onely as worthily receive the same they have a wholsome effect or operation But they that receive them unworthily purchase to themselves Damnation as St. Paul saith XXVII The wickedness of the Ministers takes not away the Efficacy of Divine Institutions Although in the visible Church the Evil be ever mingled with the Good and sometimes the Evil have chief Authority in the Ministration of the Word and Sacraments yet forasmuch as they do not the same in their own name but in Christs and do minister by his Commission and Authority we may use their Ministry both in hearing the Word of God and in receiving of the Sacraments Neither is the effect of Christs Ordinance taken away by their wickednesse nor the Grace of Gods of Gifts diminished from such as by faith and rightly do receive the Sacraments ministred unto them which be effectual because of Christs Institution and promise although they be ministred by evill men Neverthelesse it appertaineth to the Discipline of the Church that inquiry be made after them and that they be accused by those that have knowledge of their offences and finally being found guilty by just judgment be deposed XXVI Of the unworthiness of the Ministers which hinder not the Effect of the Sacraments Although in the visible Church the Evill be ever mingled c. that inquiry be made after evill Ministers c. XXVIII Of Baptism Baptism is not onely a sign of Profession and mark of Difference whereby Christian men are discerned from others that be not Christned but it is also a sign of Regeneration or new birth whereby as by an Instrument they that receive Baptism Rightly are grafted into the Church the promises of forgivnesse of sin and of our Adoption to be the sons of God by the holy Ghost are visibly signed and sealed Faith is confirmed and Grace increased by vertue of Prayer unto God The custom of the Church 26 for Baptising young Children is both to be commended and by all means to be retained in the Church XXVII Of Baptism Baptism is not onely a sign of Profession and mark of Difference c. The Baptism of young children is in any wise to be retained in the Church as most agreeable to the Institution of Christ. 27 XXIX Of the Lords Supper The Supper of the Lord is not onely a sign of the Love that Christians ought to have amongst themselves one to another but rather it is a Sacrament of our Redemption by Christs death Insomuch that to such as Rightly Worthily and with Faith receive the same the Bread which we break is a partaking of the Body of Christ and likewise the Cup of Blessing is a partaking of the Blood of Christ. Transubstantiation or the change of the substance of Bread and Wine in the Supper of the Lord cannot be proved by Holy Writ but it is repugnant to the plain words of Scripture and hath given occasion to many Superstitions Since the very beeing of human nature doth require 29 that the body of one and the same man cannot be at one and the same time in many places but of necessity must be in some certain and determinate place therefore the Body of Christ cannot be present in many different places at the same time And since as the holy Scriptures testifie Christ hath been taken up into Heaven and there is to abide till the end of the world it becommeth not any of the faithful to believe or professe that there is a Real or Corporal presence as they phrase it of the Body and Blood of Christ in the holy Eucharist The Sacrament of the Lords Supper was not by Christs Ordinance reserved carried about lifted up or worshiped XXVIII Of the Lords Supper The Supper of the Lord is not onely a sign of the Love c. but is repugnant to the plain words of Scripture overthroweth the nature of a Sacrament 28 and hath given occasion to many Superstitions The Body of Christ is given taken and eaten in the Supper onely after an heavenly and spiritual manner 30 And the mean whereby the Body of Christ is received and eaten in the Supper is Faith The Sacrament of the Lords Supper was not by Christs Ordinance c. _____ XXIX Of the Wicked which eat not the Body of Christ in the Lord's Supper 31 The wicked and such as be void of a lively faith although they do carnally and visibly presse with their teeth as St. Augustine saith the Sacrament of the Body and Blood of Christ yet in no wise are they partakers of Christ but
unnatural proceedings against his Brother and somewhat must be done for his restoring to their good opinions though to the prejudice of the Publick Upon this ground he caused a Proclamation to be Published in the beginning of May Commanding that they who had inclosed any Lands accustomed to be common should upon a certain pain before a day signed lay them open again Which so encouraged the rude Commons in many Parts of the Realm that without Expecting the time limitted by the Proclamation they gathered together in a riotous and tumultuous manner pulled up the Pales flung down the Banks and filled the Ditches laying all open as before For which some of them had been set upon and slâ—in in Wiltshire by Sir William Herbert others suppressed by force of Armes conducted by the Lord Gray of Wilton as were those in Oxfordshire and some again reduced to more moderate and sober courses by the perswasion of the Lords and Gentlemen as in Kent and Sussex But the most dangerous commotions which held so long as to Entitle them to the name of Rebellions were those of Devonshire and Norfolk places remote from one another but such as seemed to have communicated Counsels for carrying on of the design The first of these in Course of time was that of Devonshire began as those in other places under pretence of throwing open the enclosures but shortly found to have been chiefly raised in maintainance of their old Religion On Whitson-Munday June the tenth being next day after the first exercising of the Publick Liturgiâ— Some few of the Parishioners of Samford Courtney compelled their Parish-Priest who is supposed to have invited them to that compassion to let them have the Latine Mass as in former times These being seconded by some others and finding that many of the better sort were more like to engage in this quarrel then in the other prevailed with those which before had Declared onely against Inclosures to pretend Religion for the cause of their coming together And that being done they were first Headed by Humphry Arundel Esquire Commander of St. Michaels Mount and some other Gentlemen which so increased the Reputation of the Cause that in short time they had made up a Body of ten thousand men Of this Commotion there was but little notice taken at the first beginning when it might easily have been crushed the Lord Protectour not being very forward to suppress those Risings which seemed to have been made by some incouragement from his Proclamations In which Respect and that his good fortune now began to fail him when the mischief did appear with a face danger and could not otherwise be redressed but by force of Arms in stead of putting himself into the Head of an Army the Lord Russel is sent down with some slender Forces to give a stop to their Proceedings But whether it were that he had any secret instructions to drill on the time or that he had more of the States-Man then the Souldier in him or that he had not strength enough to encounter the Enemy he kept himself aloofe as if he had been sent to look on at a distance without approaching near the danger The Rebels in the mean time increasing as much in confidence as they did in numbers sent their Demands unto the King Amongst which one more specially concerned the Liturgie which therefore I have singled out of all the rest with the King's Answer thereunto in the words that follow It was demanded by the Rebels That for as much as we constantly believe that after the Priest hath spoken the words of Consecration being at Mass there Celebrating and Consecrating the same there is very really the Body and Blood of our Saviour Jesus Christ God and Man and that no substance of Bread and Wine remaineth after but the very self-same Body that was born of the Virgin Mary and was given upon the Cross for our Redemption therefore we will have Mass Celebrated as it was in Times past without any man communicating with the Priests for as much as many presuming unworthily to receive the same put no difference between the Lord's Body and other kind of meat some saying that it is Bread both before and after some saying that it is profitable to no man except he receive it with many other abused Terms To which Demand of theirs the King thus Answered viz. That for the Mass I assure you no small study nor travail hath been spent by all the Learned Clergy therein and to avoid all contention it is brought even to the very use as Christ left it as the Apostles used it as the holy Fathers delivered it indeed somewhat altered from that to which the Popes of Rome for their Lucre had brought it And although saith He ye may hear the contrary from some Popish evil men yet Our Majesty which for Our Honour may not be blemished and stained assureth you that they deceive abuse you and blow these Opinions into your heads to finish their own purposes But this Answer giving no content they Marched with all their Forces to the Siege of Exeter carrying before them in their March as the Jews did the Ark of God in the Times of old the Pix or Consecrated Host borne under a Canopie with Crosses Banners Candlesticks Holy-Bread and Holy-Water c. But the Walls of Exeter fell not down before this False Ark as Dagon did before the True For the Citizens were no less gallantly resolved to make good the Town then the Rebels were desperately bent to force it To which Resolution of the Citizens the natural Defences of the City being round in Form scituate on a rising Hill and environed with a good Old Wall gave not more Encouragement then some insolent speeches of the Rebels boasting that they would shortly measure the Silks and Sattens therein by the length of their Bows For fourty days the Siege continued and was then seasonably raised the Rebels not being able to take it sooner for want of Ordnance and the Citizens not able to have held it longer for want of Victuals if they had not been Succoured when they were One fortunate Skirmish the Lord Russel had with the daring Rebels about the passing of a Bridg at which he slew six hundred of them which gave the Citizens the more Courage to hold it out But the coming of the Lord Gray with some Companies of Almain-Horse seconded by three hundred Italian-Shot under the Command of Baptista Spinoli put an end to the Business For joyning with the Lord Russel's Forces they gave such a strong Charge upon the Enemy that they first beat them out of their Works and then compelled them with great Slaughter to raise their Siege Blessed with the like Success in some following Fights the Lord Russel entereth the City on the sixth of August where he was joyfully received by the half-starved Citizens whose Loyalty the King rewarded with an encrease of their Privileges and giving to their Corporation the Manour
plaid and that the Cardinal was to be entreated not to insist on the restoring of Church Lands rather to confirm the Lords and Gentry in their present possessions And to that end a Petition is prepared to be presented in the name of the Convocation to both their Majesties that they would please to intercede with the Cardinal in it Which Petition being not easie to be met withall and never printed heretofore is here subjoyned according to the tenour and effect thereof in the Latine Tougne WE the Bishops and Clergy of the Province of Canterbury assembled in Convocation during the sitting of this Parliament according to the antient custom with all due reverence and humility do make known to your Majesties That though we are appointed to take upon us the care and charge of all those Churches in which we are placed as Bishops Deans Archdeacons Parsons or Vicars as also of the Souls therein committed to us together with all Goods Rights and Privileges thereunto belonging according to the true intent and meaning of the Canons made in that behalf and that in this respect we are bound to use all lawfull means for the recovery of those Goods Rights Privileges and Jurisdictions which have been lost in the late desperate and pernicious Schism and to regain the same unto the Church as in her first and right estate Yet notwithstanding having took mature deliberation of the whole matter amongst our selves we cannot but ingenuously confesse that we know well how difficult a thing if not impossible it is to recover the said Goods unto their Churches in regard of the manifold unavoidable Contracts Sales and Alienations which have been made about the same and that if any such thing should be attempted it would not onely redound to the disturbance of the publick peace but be a means that the unity in the Catholick Church which by the goodnesse of your Majesties had been so happily begun could not obtain its desired effect without very great difficulty Wherefore preferring the publick good and quiet of the Kingdom before our own private commodities and the salvation of so many souls redeemed with the precious blood of Christ before any earthly things whatsoever and not seeking our own but the things of Jesus Christ we do most earnestly and most humbly beseech your Majesties that you would graciously vouchsafe to intercede in our behalf with the most reverend Father in God the Lord Cardinal Pole Legat à Latere from his Holinesse our most serene Lord Pope Julius the third as well to your most excellent Majesties as to the whole Realm of England that he would please to settle and confirm the said Goods of the Church either in whole or in part as he thinks most fit on the present occupants thereof according to the powers and faculties committed to him by the said most serene Lord the Pope thereby preferring the publick good before the private the peace and tranquillity of the Realm before sutes and troubles and the salvation of Souls before earthly treasures And for our parts we do both now and for all times comming give consent to all and every thing which by the said Lord Legate shall in this case be finally ordained and concluded on humbly beseeching your Majesties that you would gratioâ—sly vouchsafe to perswade the said Lord Cardinal in our behalf not to show himself in the Premises too strict and dâ—fficult And we do further humbly beseech your Majesties that you would please according to your wonted goodnesse to take such course that our Ecclesiastical Rights Lâ—berties and Jurisdictions which have been taken from us by the iniquity of the former times and without which we are not able to discharge our common duties either in the exercise of the pastoral Office or the cure of souls committed to our trust and care may be again restored unto uâ— and be perpetually preserved inviolabâ—e both to us and our Churches and that all lawes which have been made to the prejudice of this our jurisdiction and other Ecclesiastical liberties or otherwise have proved to the hindrance of it may be repeated to the â—â—nour of God as also to the temporal and spiritual profit not only of your said most excellent Majesty but of all the Realm giving our selves assured hope that your most excellent Majesties according to your singular pieâ—y to almighty God for so many and great benefits received from him will not be wanting to the necessities of the Kingdom and the occasions of the Churches having cure of souls but that you would consider and provide as need shall be for the peace thereof Which Petition being thus drawn up was humbly offered to the Legate in the name of the whole Convocation by the Lord Chancellor who was present at the making of it the Prolocutor and six others of the lower house And it may very well be thought to be welcome to him in regard it gave him some good colour for not touching on so harsh a stâ—ing as the restoring of Church lands Concerning which he was not ignorant that a message had been sent to the Pope in the name of the Parliament to desire a confirmation of the sale of the lands belonging to Abbies Chanteries c. or otherwise to let him know that nothing could be granted in his behalf And it is probable that they received some fair promises to that effect in regard that on the New years day then next following the Act for restoring the Pope's supremacy was passed in both houses of Parliament and could not but be entertain'd for one of the most welcome New years Gifts which ever had been given to a Pope of Rome What the Pope did in retribution we are told by Sleidan in whom we find that he confirmed all those Bishops in their several Sees which were of Catholick perswasions and had been consecrated in the time of the Schism as also that he established such new Bishopricks which were erected in the time of King Henry the 8th and made good all such mariages as otherwise might be subject unto dispute He adds a confirmation also which I somewhat doubt of the Abby lands and telleth that all this was ratified by the Bull of Pope Paul the 4th He dispensed also by the hand of the Cardinal with irregularity in several persons confirmed the Ordination and Institution of Clergy men in their Callings and Benefices legitimated the children of forbidden mariages and retified the processes and sentences in matters Ecclesiastical Which general favours notwithstanding every Bishop in particular except only the Bishop of Landaff most humbly sought and obtained pardon of the Pope for their former errour not thinking themselves to be sufficiently secured by any general dispensation how large soever And so the whole matter being transacted to the content of all parties the poor Protestants excepted only on Friday the 25th of January being the Feast of the Conversion of Saint Paul there was a general and solemn Procession throughout
be observed that as his death opened the way for Pole to the See of Canterbury so it was respiâ—ed the longer out of a politick design to exclude him from it That Gardiner loved him not hath been said before and he knew well that Cardinal Carraffa now Pope Paul the 4th loved him less than he This put him first upon an hope that the Pope might be prevailed with to revoke the Cardinal who had before been under a suspicion in the Court of Rome of having somewhat of the Lutheran in him and to bestow the Cardinal's Cap together with the Legantine power upon himself who doubted not of sitting in the chair of Canterbury if he gained the rest Upon which ground he is supposed to have hindered all proceedings against the three Oxon Martyrs from the ending of the Parliament on the 26th of January till the 12th of September then next following the Pope not sending out any Commission in all that interval without which Cranmer was not to be brought to a condemnation But at the last not knowing how much these procrastinations might offend the King and perhaps prest unto it by Karn the Queen's Ambassadour he found himself under a necessity to dispatch Commission though he proceeded not to the execution of any part of the sentence till more than ten weeks after the 80 dayes which had been given for his appearance in the Court of Rome During which time death puts an end to Gardiners projects who left his life at Whitehal on the 12th of November From whence conveyed by water to his house in Southwark his body was first lapt in lead kept for a season in the Church of St Mary Over-Rhe and afterwards solemnly interred under a fair and goodly Monument in his Cathedral The custody of the Great Seal together with the Title of Lord Chancellor was upon New years day conferred on Dr Nicholas Heath Archbishop of York a man of great prudence and moderation but the revenues of the Bishoprick were appropriated to the use of the Cardinal Legate who purposed to have held it in Commendam with the See of Canterbury to which he received consecration on the very next Sunday after Cranmer's death But Dr John White Bishop of Lincoln having been born at Winchester and educated in that School of which he was afterwards chief Master and finally Warden of that College ambitiously affected a translation thither And so far he prevailed by his friends at Court that on the promise of an annual pension of 1000 l. to the use of the Cardinal he was permitted to enjoy the Title with the rest of the profits Which I have mentioned in this place though this transaction was not made nor his translation actually performed till the year next following No other alteration made amongst the Bishops of this time but that Voysie of Exon dies in some part of the year 1555. and Dr James Turbervile succeeds him in the beginning of the year 1556. A man well born and well befriended by means whereof he recovered some lands unto his See which had been alienated from it by his predecessor and amongst others the rich and goodly Mannors of Credinson or Kirton in the County of Devon in former times the Episcopal seat of the Bishop of Exon though afterwards again dismembred from it in the time of Queen Elizabeth by Bishop Cotton It is now time to take into consideration the affairs of State nothing the better cemented by the blood of so many Martyrs or jointed any whit the stronger by the secret animosities and emulations between the Lord Chancellor and the Cardinal Legate Though Wiaâ—'s party was so far suppressed as not to shew it self visibly in open action yet such as formerly had declared for it or wish'd well unto it had many secret writings against the Queen every day growing more and more in dislike of her Government by reason of so many butcheries as were continually committed under her authority Upon which ground as they had formerly instructed Elizabeth Crofts to act the spirit in the wall so afterwards they trained up one William Cunstable alias Featherstone to take upon himself the name of King Edward whom he was said to have resembled both in age and personage And this they did in imitation of the like practice used in the time of King Henry the 6th by Richard Plantagenet Duke of York who when he had a mind to claim his Title to the Crown in regard of his descent by the House of Mortimer from Lionel of Antwerp Duke of Clarence he caused one Jack Cade a fellow altogether as obscure as this to take upon himself the name of Mortimer that the might see how well the people stood affected unto his pretensions by the discovery which might be made thereof on this false allarum And though this Featherstone had been taken and publickly whip'd for it in May last past and thereupon banished into the North where he had been born yet the confederats resolved to try their fortune with him in a second adventure The design was to raise the people under colour of King Edward's being alive and at the same time to rob the Exchequer wherein they knew by some intelligence or other that 50000. l. in good Spanish money had been lately lodged Few persons of any quality appeared in it not thinking fit to shew themselves in any new practice against the Queen till made prosperous by some good success The chief whom I find mentioned to be privy to it were Henry Peckam the son of that Sir Edmond Peckam who had been caterer of the houshold to King Henry the 8th one of the Throgmoâ—tons and Sir Anthony Kingston But the first part of the plot miscaried by the apprehending of Featherstone who was arraigned and executed on the 13th of March and the last part thereof discovered on the 28th by one of the company On which discovery Sir Anthony Kingston being sent for died upon the way the said Throgmorton with one Udall were executed at â—yburn on the 28th of April one Stanton on the 29th of May Rosededike and Bedell on the 8th of June Peckam and Daniel at the Tower hill on the 8th of July Andrew Duchesne makes the Lord Gray and one of the Howards to have a hand in this conspiracy and possibly enough it is that some of greater eminence than any of those before remembred might be of counsel in the practice though they kept themselves out of sight as much as they could till they found how it would succeed amongst the people In this unquiet condition we must leave England for a time and look on the estate of the English Churches on the other side of the sea That many of the English Protestants had forsook the Kingdom to the number of 800. as well Students as others hath been said before who having put themselves into several Cities partly in Germany and partly among the Switzers and their confederates kept up the face and form of an
out of his mothers womb as she was at the stake and most unmercifully flung into the fire in the very birth Sixty four more in those furious times were presented for their faith whereof seven were whipped sixteen perished in prison twelve buried in Dunghills and many more lay in captivity condemned which were delivered by the opportune death of Queen Mary and the most auspicious entrance of Queen Elizabeth whose gracious government blotted out the remembrance of all former sufferings the different conditions of whose Reigns with the former two may seem to have somewhat in them of those appearances which were presented to Elijah in the Book of Kings in the first Bâ—ok and ninteenth Chapter wherein we find it written That a great and strong wind rent the mountains and brake in pieces the rocks before the Lord but the Lord was not in the wind and after the wind an earthquake but the Lord was not in the earthquake and after the earthquake a fire but the Lord was not in the fire and finally after the fire a still small voice in which the Lord spake unto his Prophet So in like manner it may be feared that God was neither in that great and terrible wind which threw down so many Monasteries and Religious houses in the Reign of King Henry nor in that Earthquake which did so often shake the very foundations of the State in the time of King Edward nor in the Fire in which so many godly and religious persons were consumed to ashes in the days of Queen Mary but that he shewed himself in that still small Voice which breathed so much comfort to the souls of his people in the most gracious and fortunate Government of a Virgin-Queen For now it pleased God to hearken to the cry of those his Saints which lay under the Altar and called upon him for an end of those calamities to which their dear brethren were exposed The Queen had inclined unto a Dâ—opsie ever since the time of her supposed being with child which inclination appeared in her more and more when her swelling fell from the right place to her lower parts increasing irrecoverably in despight of Physick till at last it brought her to her death But there are divers other causes which are supposed to have contributed their concurrence in it Philip upon the resignation of his fathers Kingdoms and Estates had many necessary occasions to be out of the Kingdom and yet she thought that he made more occasions than he needed to be absent from her This brought her first into a fancy that he cared not for her which drew her by degrees into a fixed and setled melancholly confirmed if not encreased by a secret whisper that Philip entertained some wandring Loves when he was in Flanders Her Glasses could not so much flatter as not to tell her that she had her fathers feitures with her mothers complexion and she was well enough able to inform her self that the â—everity of her humour had no great charms in it so that on the point she wanted many of those natural and acquired attractions which might have served to invite or reward affection Fixed on this melancholy pin the death of Charls the Emperour which hapned on the 2â— of September comes to help it forward a Prince upon whose countenance and support she had much depended both when she was in disgrace with her father and out of favour with her brother But that which came nearest to her heart was the loss of Calais first lost for want of giving credit to the intelligence which had been sent her by her Husband and secondly by the loss of that opportunity which might have been taken to regain it Monsieur â— ' Termes who was made Governour of the Town had drained it of the greatest part of the Garison to joyn with some other forces for the taking of some Towns in Flanderâ— But in a Battel fought near Graveling on the 13th of July he lost not onely his own liberty but more then five thousand of his men the fortune of the day falling so heavily on the Soldiers of Calais that few of them escaped with life So that if the Queens Navy which had done great service in the fight had showed it self before the Town and Count Egmond who commanded the Flemmings had sate down with his victorious Army to the Landward of it it might have been recovered in as few days as it had been lost This opportunity being neglected she gave her self some hopes of a restitution upon an agreement then in treaty between France and Spain But when all other matters were accorded between those Crowns and that nothing else was wanting to compose all differences but the restoring of this Town the French were absolutely resolved to hold it and the Spaniards could in honor make no Peace without it So the whole Treaty and the deceiptful hopes which she built upon it came at last to nothing And though she had somewhat eased her self not long before by attainting the Lord Wâ—ntworth and certain others for their cowardly quitting of the place which they could not hold yet that served onely like a cup of Strong-waters for the present qualm without removing the just cause of the present distemper And it encreased so plainly in her that when some of her Visitants not knowing the cause of her discomforts applyed their several cordials to revive her spirits she told them in plain tearms that they were mistaken in the nature of her disease and that if she were to be dissected after her death they would find Calais next her heart Thus between jealousie shame and sorrow taking the growth of her infirmity amongst the rest she became past the help of Physick In which extremity she began to entertain some thoughts of putting here sister Elizabeth beside the Crown and setling the Succession of it on her cousen the Queen of Scots and she had done it at the least as much as in her was if some of the Council had not told her That neither the Act of the Succession nor the Last Will and Testament of King Henry the Eighth which was built upon it could otherwise be repealed than by the general consent of the Lords and Commons assembled in Parliament So that being altogether out of hope of having her will upon her sister of recovering Calais of enjoying the company of her husband and reigning in the good affection of her injured subjects she gave her self over to those sorrows which put an end to her life on the 17th of November some few hours before day when she had reigned five years and four months wanting two days onely Her death accompanied within few howers after by that of the Lord Cardinal-Legat ushered in by the decease of Purefew alias Wharton Bishop of Hereford and Holyman the new Bishop of Bristow and Glyn of Bangor and followed within two or three months after by Hopton Bishop of Norwich and Brooks of Glocester As if it had
or else made a Nursery of Rapines Robberies and Murthers the Inner Parts often deeply pierced and made a wretched Spectacle to all Eys of Humanity and Pity That The Honour of both Realms wâ—uld Increase as well in regard of the Countries sufficient not onely to furnish the Necessities but the moderate Pleasures of this Life as also of the People great in Multitude in Body able assured in Mind not onely for the Safety but the Glory of the Common State That Hereby would follow Assurance of Defence Strength to Enterprise Ease in sustaining publick Burthens and Charges That Herein the English dâ—sired no Pre-eminence but offered Equality both in Liberty and Privileâ—ge and in capacity of Offices and Imployments and to that end the Name of Britain should be assumed indifferent to both Nations That This would be the Complishment of their common Felicity in case by their Evil either Destiny or Advice they suffered not the Occasion to be lâ—st It was no hard matter to fore-see that either the Scots would return no Answer to this Declaration or such an Answer at the best as should signifie nothing So that the War began to open and some Hostilities to be exercised on either side before the English Forces could be drawn together For so it happened that a small Ship of the Kings called The Pensie hovering at Sea was assailed by The Lyon a principal Ship of Scotland The fight began a far off and slow but when they approached it grew very furious wherein the Pensie so applyed her Shot that therewith the Lyon's Ore-Loope was broken her Sails and Tacklings torn and lastly she was boarded and taken But as she was brought for England she was cast away by Negligence and Tempest near Hare-wich-Haven and most of her men perished with her Which small Adventure as Sir John Hayward well observes seemed to Prognosticate the Success of the War in which the English with a small Army gained a glorious Victory but were deprived of the Fruit and Benefits of it by the Storms at home All thoughts of Peace being lay'd aside the Army draws together at New-Castle about the middle of August consisting of twelve or thirteen thousand Foot thirteen hundred Men at Arms and two thousand Eight hundred light Horse Both Men and Horse so well appointed that a like Army never shewed it self before that time on the Borders of Scotland Over which Army so appointed the Lord Protectour held the Office of General the Earl of Warwick that of Liev-tenant General the Lord Gray General of the Horse and Marshal also of the Field Sir Ralph Vane Liev-tenant of all the Men at Arms and Demi-lances and Sir Ralph Sadlier Treasurer General for the Wars infeririour Offices being distributed amongst other Gentlemen of Name and Quality according to their well-deservings At Newâ—Castle they remained till the Fleet arrived consisting of sixty five Bottoms whereof one Gally and thirty four tall Ships were well-appointed for Fight the Residue served for carriage of Munition and Victuals The Admiral of this Fleet being Edward Lord Clynton created afterwards Earl of Lincoln on the fourth of May 1572. in the fourteenth year of Queen Elizabeth Making some little stay at Berwick they entred not on Scotish Ground till the third of September keeping their March along the Shore within Sight of the Fleet that they might be both Aided and Releived by it as Occasion served and making all along the Shore they fell at the end of two days into a Valley called The Peuthes containing six Miles in length in breadth about four hundred Pases toward the Sea and but one hundred toward the Land where it was shut up by a River The Issues out of it made into several paths which the Scots had caused to be cut in divers places with Traverse Trenches and thereby so incumbred the Army in their marching forwards till the Pioneers had smoothed the way that a small Power of the Enemy if their Fortune had been anwerable to the Opportunity might have given a very good Account of them to the rest of their Nation Which Dâ—fficulty being over-come and a Passage thereby given them unto places of more Advantage they made themselves Masters of the three next Castles for making good of their Retreat if the worst should happen Upon the first News of these Approaches enlarged as the Custome is by the Voice of Fame the Earl of Arran being then Lord Governour of Scotland was not meanly startled as being neither furnished with Foreign Aid nor much relying on the Forces which He had at Home Yet resuming his accustomed Courage and well-acquainted with both Fortunes He sent His Heralds through all parts of the Realm commanded the Fire-Cross that is to say two Fire-brands set in fashion of a Cross and pitched upon the point of a Spear to be advanced in the Field according to the Ancient Custome of that Country in Important Cases and therewithall caused Proclamation to be made That All Persons from sixteen years of Age to sixty should repair to Muscle-borough and bring their Ordinary Provision of Victuals with them Which Proclamation being made and the Danger in which the Kingdom stoodrepresented to them the People flocked in such Multitudes to their Rendezâ—vâ—us that it was thought fit to make choice of such as were most serviceable and dismiss the Rest. Out of which they compounded an Army the Nobility and Gentry with their Followers being Reckoned in consisting of thirty thousand Foot and two thousand Horse but poorly Armed fitter to make Excursions or to execute some suddain Inroad then to entertain any strong Charge from so brave an Army The Armies drawing near together the General and the Earl of Warwick rode towards the place where the Scotish Army lay to view the manner of their incamping As they were returning an Herald and a Trumpeter from the Scots overtook them and having obtained Audience thus the Herald began That He was sent from the Lord Governour of Scotland partly to enquire of Prisoners but chiefly to make offer that because he was desirous not onely to avoid profusion but the least effusion of Christian blood and for that the English had not done any unmanlike Outrage or Spoyle he was content they might return and should have his Safe-conduct for their peaceable passage Which said the Trumpeter spake as followeth That The Lord Huntly His Master sent Message by him that as well for brief Expedition as to spare expence of Christian blood He would fight upon the whole Quarrel either with twenty against twenty or with ten against ten or more particularly by single Combate between the Lord General and himself Which in regard the Scots had advantage both for Number and Freshness of men in regard also that for Supply both for Provision and Succours they were at home be esteemed an Honourable and charitable Offer To the Herald the Lord General returned this Answer That As his coming was not with purpose or desire to endamage their Realm
partâ—kers of the Holy Communion Which Exhortation beginning with these Words Dearly-beloved in the Lord â—ye coming to this Holy Communion c. is in effect the last of those which afterwards remained in the Publick Liturgie Then followed the Invitation thus You that do truly and earnestly repent you of your sins c. proceeding to the General Confession the Absolution the Comfortable Sentences out of Holy Scripture and so unto the Prayer of Humble Address We do not presume to come to this Table c. the Distribution of the Sacrament to the People present continuing still upon their knees and finally dismissing them In the Peace of God Which Godly Form being presented to the King and the Lords of the Council and by them exceeding well approved was Published on the eighth of March together with his Majestie 's Proclamation Authorising the same and Commanding all His Loving Subjects to conform unto it in this Manner following By the King EDWARD by the Grace of God King of England France and Ireland Defender of the Faith and of the Church of England and Ireland in Earth the Supreme Head To All and Singular Our Loving Subjects Greeting For so much as in Our High Court of Parliament lately holden at Westminster it was by Vs with the consent of the Lords Spiritual and Temporal and the Commons there Assembled most Godly and agreeable to Christ's Holy Institution Enacted That the most Blessed Sacrament of the Body and Blood of our Saviour Christ should from henceforth be commonly Delivered and Ministred unto all Persons within Our Realm of England and Ireland and other Our Dominions under both Kinds that is to say of Bread and Wine except necessity otherwise require lest every man fantasying and devising a sundry way by himself in the Vse of this most Blessed Sacrament of Vnity there might thereby arise any unseemly or ungodly Diversity Our pleasure is by the Advice of Our most Dear Vncle the Duke of Sommerset Governour of Our Person and Protectour of Our Realms Dominions and Subjects and other Our Privy Council that the said Blessed Sacrament be Ministred unto Our People â—nely after such Form and Manner as hereafter by Our Authority with the Advice before-mentioned is set out or declared Willing every man with due Reverence and Christian Behaviour to come to this Holy Sacrament and most Blessed Communion lest that by the unworthy receiving of such high Mysteries they become guilty of the Body and Blood of the Lord and so eat and drink their own Damnation but rather diligently trying themselves that they so come to this Holy Table of Christ and so be partakers of this Holy Communion that they may dwell in Christ and have Christ dwelling in them And also with such Obedience and Conformity to receive this Our Ordinance and most Godly Direction that we may be incouraged from Time to Time further to travail for the Râ—formation and setting forth of such Godly Orders as may be most to God's Glory the Edifying of Our Subjects and for the Advancement of true Religion which is thething We by the help of God most earnestly endeavoured to bring to effect Willing all Our Loving Subjects in the mean time to stay and quiet themselves with this Our Direction as men content to follow Authority according to the bounden Duty of Subjects and not enterprising to run before and so by their Rashness become the greatest Hinderers of such things as they more arrogantly then Godly would seem by their own Private Authority most hotly to set forward We would not have Our Subjects so much to mistake Our Judgement so much to mistrust Our Zeal as though we either would not discern what were to be done or would not do all things in due time God be praised We know both what by his Word is meet to be redressed and have an earnest mind by the Advice of Our most Dear Vncle and other of Our Privy Council with all diligence and convenient speed so to set forth the same as it may most stand with God's Glory and edifying and quietness of Our People Which We doubt not but all Our Obedient and Loving Subjects will quietly and reverendly tarry for The next Care was to see the said Order put in execution of which the Lords of the Council discharged the King and took the whole Burthen on themselves For causing a sufficient Number of the Printed Copies to be sent to each Bishop in the Realm they there withall directed Letters to them Requiring and in Hiâ— Majestie 's Name Commanding them and every of them to have an earnest Diligence and carefull Respect both in their own Persons and all their Officers and Ministers for causing the said Books to be so delivered to every Parson Vicar and Curate in their several Diocesses that they may have sufficient time well to instruct and advise themselves for the Distribution of the most Holy Communion according to the Order of the said Book before Easter following and that by the good Means of them the said Bishops they may be well directed to use such Good Gentle and Charitable Instructions to their simple and unlearned Parishioners as may be to their good Satisfaction Letting them further know that as the said Order was set forth to the intent there should be in all parts of this Realm and among all men one Vniform manner quietly used so that the Execution thereof did very much stand in the Diligence of them and others of their Vocation who therefore were again required to have a diligent respect unto it as they tendred the King's pleasure and would answer the contrary Which Letter bearing Daâ—e on the thirteenth of March was subscribed by the Arch-Bishop Cranmer the Lord Chancellour Rich the Earl of Arundel the Lords St. John and Russel Mr. Secretary Petre Sir Anthony Wingfield Sir Edward North and Sir Edward â—otton In Obedience unto whose Commands as all the Bishops did not perform their parts alike Gardiner of Winchester Bonner of London Voysie of Exeter and Sampson of Coventry and Lich-field being more backward then the rest so many Parish-Priests not being willing to Advance so good a Work laboured to disaffect the People to the present Government And to that end it was endeavoured in their Sermons to possess their Auditours with an ill opinion of the King as if he did intend to lay strange Exactions on the Subject by forcing them to pay half a Crown a piece for every one who should be Married Christened or Buried For Remedy whereof it was Ordered by Proclamation bearing Date the twenty fourth of April That none should be permitted to Preach but such as were Licenced under the Seals of the Lord Protectour or the Arch-Bishop of Canterbury In the next place we must attend the King's Commissioners dispatched in the beginning of March into every Shire throughout the Realm to take a Survey of all Colleges Free-Chapels Chanteries and Brother-Hoods within the compass of the Statute or Act of Parliament
been content to be lookers on in case they had not moved against Her Prevention in such Cases was the wholesomest Physick which therefore was to be administred with all speed that might be before those Companies encreased and were united under some Commander which might gain them the Reputation of a little Army little at first but like enough to become so midable to their Enemies if not broken in time Some Forces therefore to be sent under the Conduct and Command of some Person who was well affected to the Cause to scatter those small Companies before they grew unto an Head to seise upon the Lady Mary and bring Her with him to the Court where they knew well enough how to make sure of her For which Employment none more fit then the Duke of Suffolk who had the greatest Stock going in the present Adventure and whose affection to the Queen being raised out of the Bowels of Nature would prompt him to dispatch the Service with his utmost Diligence And because possibly the Lady Mary hearing of these Preparations might fly for safety into Flanders and create more Trouble to them there then She could at home it was thought necessary that such Ships as lay upon the Downs should be Commanded to attend on the Coast of Norfolk to intercept Her on the Way if peradventure she should think of flying to the Emperour's Court. So was it Counselled and Concluded But the matter could not be carried so close as not to come to the Queen's Knowledg to whom the least Drop of Her Father's Blood was far more pretious then all the Kingdoms in the World so that with Tears in Her Eys and Voice as mournfull as Her Face She besought such of the Lords as She conceived to be most tenderly affected towards Her to be Her Mediatours to the rest of the Council that Her Father might be suffered to remain with Her and that some other Man more exercised in Deeds of Arms might be sent out on that Employment Nor was the Motion made in vain For some there were who secretly had as great a Mind to put Northumberland upon the Service as She could be to have Her Father excused from it They saw how things were like to go and how generally the People were enclined to King Henrie's Children and could not promise to themselves any long Securiâ—y under that Power which they had put into the hands of a weak young Lady who must be altogether Governed by Duke Dudlie's Counâ—els Of whom they stood in so great Fear that none of them durst oppose his Doings or stear their Course unto that Point which most they aimed at and which they doubted not to gain if they could finde a Way to send him from the Council-Table No way more probable then this and this they meant to husband to the best advantage using their best Endeavours to perswade him to the Understanding of the present Service For who said they can be so proper as Tour Grace to undertake this Expedition into Norfolk where Your late Victories hath made Your Name so Terrible to all Sorts of People is may disperse them without Battail For should the Matter come to Blows which God prohibit what man so able as Your Self in the Art of War the Order of Encamping the putting of Your Men into such a Figure as may best suit with the Advantages which are offered to You and animating the mâ—st Cowardly Soâ—ldiers not onely by Your own Exemplary Valour but by strong Perswasions Whom have we in the Realm so dexterous in Point of Treaty so able to perswade the â—nemy to lay down Arms which is the Noblest Way of conquering the tâ—ue-born English if once it came unto Parle as they hoped it would Besides the Queen had made it Her most earnest Suit that Her Father might be spared to stay wâ—th Her till those Terours and Affrights were over and had moreover pointed out His Grace as the abler Man and more fit for Action then which what can be further said to prompt Your Grace to lay faâ—â— hold upon all opportunities for obliging Her who may hereafter finde so many Ways for obliging You. Swelled with vain Glory and tickled with the frequent mention of his dear Abilities he suffered Himself to be entreated to an Action of such Fame and Merit as that which they presented to â—im And signifying his Assent with a feigned Unwillingness he told them That He woulâ— make Ready his own Power on the morrow after not doubting but They would send Theirs with him or speed them after him That He must recommend the Queen unto Their Fidelity of whose Sacred Person he desired Them to be very tender All which they Promised him to do And having thus settled the Affairs they made the Queen acquainted in Northumberland's Presence with how great readiness he had took the danger of that Action upon himself to give Her the Contentment of eâ—joying Her Father's company till the present storm was over-blown who humbly thanked the Duke for so great a favour and chearfully desired him not to be wanting to the Publick and his personal safety That evening and the greatest part of the next day being spent in Raising men and making other necesâ—ary preparations for the Expedition he repairs again to the Court and once more putting them in mind of hasting their Forces and appointing New-Market for the place of their Rendez-vous he took his Leave of them in these Words or to this Effect My Lords said he I and these other Noble Personages with the whole Army that now goes forth as well for the behalf of You and Yours as for the Establishing of the Queen's Highness shall not onely aâ—venture our Bodies and Lives amongst the Bloody Strokes and Cruel Assaults of our Adversaries in the open Fields but also we do leave the Conservation oâ— our Selves Children and Families at home here with You as altogether committed to your Trust and Fidelity Whâ—m if we thought You would through Maâ—ice Conspiracy or Dissension leave us Your Friâ—nds in the Briars and betray us we could as well sundry ways fore see and provide for our own safe-guards as any of You by betraying us can do for Yours But now upon the onely Trust and Faithfulness of Your Honours whereof we think our selves most assured we do hazard our â—ives which Trust and Promise if You shall Violate hoping thereby of Life and Promotion yet shall not God count You innâ—cent of our Bloods neither acquit You of the Sacred Holy Oath of Allegiance made freely by You to this Virtuoâ—s Lady the Queen's Highness Who by Your and Our Enticement is rather of force placed therein then by Her own seeking and Request Consider also that God's Cause which is the Prefeâ—ment of His Word and the fear of the return of Popery hath been as Ye have heretofore always said the Original cause whereupon Ye even at the first motion granted Your good Wills and Consents thereunto as by Your
Hand-Writing appeareth And think not otherwise but that if You mean deceit though not forthwith yet hereafter God will revenge the same I can say no more but in this troublesom time with You to use constant hearts abandoning all Malice Envy and private Affections Which said and having paused a little he shut up his Address in these following Words I have not spoken to You my Lords in this sort upon any mistrust I have of Your Fidelities of which always I have ever hitherto conceived a trusty Confidence but I have onely put You in Remembrance thereof what chance of Variance soever might grow amongst You in my absence And this I pray You that You would not wish me less good speed in this Journey then You would have to Your selves To which last words one of them is reported to have thus replyed My Lord If You mistrust any of Vs in this matter Your Grace is much mistaken in us For which of Vs can wash his hands clean of the present Business for if we should shrink from You as one that is culpable which of Vs can excuse himself as being guiltless Little the more assured by this quick return he went to take his Leave of the Queen where he found his Commission ready Sealed together with certain Instructions subscribed by all the Lords of the Council in which his Marches were lai'd out and Limited from one day to another Conditions not to be imposed on any who Commands in Chief nor to have been accepted by him but that it was a matter of his own desiring And he desired it for these Reasons so strongly was he caught in a Snare of his own devising partly because he would be thought to have Acted nothing but by Authority of the Council which he supposed might serve for his Indemnity if the Tide should turn and partly that the blame of all Mâ—scaâ—riages might be laid on them if he were foiled in the Adventure But so instructed he takes Leave embraced by all the Lords with great demonstrations of Affection according to the wonted dissimulation in Princes Courts by none more passionately then by those who most abhorred his pride and falshood Amongst which it is said of the Earl of Arundel upon whom he had put more Disgraces and Affronts then on all the rest that he â—eemed to express much sorrow at the Duke's departure in regard he was not Ordered to be one of his Company in whose presence he could finde in his heart to spend his blood and to lay his life down at his feet Accompanied with the Marquess of North-hampton the Lord Gray and others he passeth by water in his Barge to Durham-Place and from thence to White-Hall where they Mustered their men And the next morning being Friday the fourteenth of the Moneth he sets fâ—â—ward with a Body of six hundred Horse their Arms and Ammunition being sent befoâ—â— and Sir John Gates of whose Fidelity and Adhesion he was well assured following not far behind with the rest of his Company Passing through Shore-ditch he found the Streets to be thronged with People but could hear nothing of their Prayers for his Prosperous Journey Insomuch that turning to the Lord Gray he could not choose but say unto him The People press to see us but not one bids God speed us On Saturday-night he comes to Cambridg where he assured himself of all Obedience and Conformity which eâ—ther the University or that Town could give him as being Chancellour of the one and Seneschal or High-Steward of the other two Offices incompatible in themselves and never United in one person before or since At night he sends for Doctour Edwin Sandys Master of Katharine-Hall and Vice-Chancellour of the University to Supper with him whom he enjoyns to Preach before him the next day A service not to be performed and much less declined without manifest danger But the Good Man submitting to the present necessity betakes himself unto his Study and his Prayers falls on a Text exceeding proper to the present Exigent being thâ—t of Joshuaâ— chap. 1. v. 16. but handled it so Warily and with such Discretion that he much satisfied the one without giving any just advantage against him to the other Party On Munday Moring the Duke with his whole Power goes forward to St. Edmond's-Bury where he lâ—dged that night But in stead of hearing News of those Supplies which were to attend him at New-Market he receives Letters from some Lords of the Council so full of Trouble and Dâ—scomfort that he Marched back again to Cambridg on the morrow after And there we will leave him for a time betwixt Hope and Fear less Confident and worse Attended then he was at his first coming thither as being not onely deserted by a great part of his company but in a manner by himself In the mean time the Princeâ—s Mary was not idle but served Her Self of all Advantages which were offered to Her Comforted and encouraged by so many persons of Quality as She had about Her She sends unto the Mayour of Norwiâ—h on the Tweâ—fth of July requiring him and the rest of the Magistrates of that City to Proclaim Her Queen Which though they at that time refused to do because they had no certain knowledg of the Death of the King yet on the nexâ— dâ—y hâ—ving received good assurance of it they did not onely Proclaim Her Queen as She had desired but sent Her Men and Ammunition to aâ—vâ—nce the Service Not fiâ—ding Norfolk Men so foâ—ward as She had expected Sâ—e remoâ—â—â—â—ith Her small Party into Suffolk and puts Her Self into Fraâ—lingham-Câ—stle a Castle Scituate â—ear the Sea from whence She might conveniently esâ—â—pe into Flanders if Her Affairs succeeded not to Her Hopes and Prayers Heâ—e She fiâ—st takes upon Her the Name of Queen and by that Name dispatcheth Letters to the Peers of the Realm requiring Them and all other Her faithful Subjects to repair unto Her Succour And for the first handâ—el of good Fortune it happened that the six ships which were appointed to hover on the Coast of Norfolk were driven by â—oul weather into the Haven of Yarmouth where Jerningham above-mentioned was busie in Raising men to Maintain Her Quarrel By whom the Captains and the Mariners were so cunningly dealt with that they put themselves under his Command drew all their Ordnance on shore and left their Ships to be disposed of at his pleasure About which time Sir Edward Hastings the brother of Francis Earl of Huntington being Commissionated by the Duke of Northumberland to Raise four thousand men for the present Service pass'd over with his men to the other side and joyned himself to Her Party also The News whereof being brought unto the Lords which remained in London haâ—tened the Execution of that Design which had been formerly contrived by some amongst them For no sooner had the Great Duke put himself on his March toward Caâ—bridg but some began to shew themselves in favour of the Princess Mary
no Sermon was preached at St. Paul's Cross or any publick place in London till the Easter following At what time the Sermons which were to be preached in the Spittle according to the antient custom were performed by Doctor Bill the Almoner to the Queen and afterwards the first Dean of Westminster of the Queens foundation Doctor Richard Cox formerly Dean of Westminster preferred in short time after to the See of Ely and Mr. Robert Horn of whom mention hath been made before at the troubles of Franckfort advanced not long after to the See of Winchester The Rehearsal Sermon accustomably preached at St. Pauls Crosse on the Sunday following was undertook by Doctor Thomas Sampson then newly returned from beyond the Seas and after most unhappily made Dean of Christ-church But so it chanced that when he was to go into the Pulpit the dore was locked and the key thereof not to be found so that a Smith was sent for to break open the dore and that being done the like necessity was found of cleansing and making sweet the place which by a long disuse had contracted so much filth and nastiness as rendred it unfit for another Preacher By the other Proclamation which was published on the 30th of December â—t was enjoyned That no man of what quality or degree soever should presume to alter any thing in the state of Religion or innovate in any of the rites and ceremonies thereunto belonging but that all such rites and ceremonies should be observed in all Parish Churches of the Kingdom as were then used and retained in her Majesties Chapel until some further order should be taken in it Onely it was permitted and withall required that the Letany the Lords Prayer the Creed and the Ten Commandments should be said in the English tongue and that the Epistle and the Gospel at the time of the High Mass should be read in English which was accordingly done in all the Churches of London on the next Sunday after being New-years day and by degrees in all the other Churches of the Kingdom also Further than this she thought it not convenient to proceed at the present but that she had commanded the Priest or Bishop for some say it was the one and some the other who officiated at the Altar in the Chapel-Royal not to make any Elevation of the Sacrament the better to prevent that adoration which was given unto it and which she could not suffer to be done in her sight without a most apparent wrong to her judgment and conscience Which being made known in other places and all other Churches being commanded to conform themselves to the example of the Chapel the elevation was forborn also in most other places to the great discontent and trouble of the Popish party And though there was no further progress toward a Reformation by any publick Act or Edict yet secretly a Reformation in the form of Worship and consequently in point of Doctrine was both intended and projected For making none acquainted with her secret purposes but the Lord Marquis of Northampton Francis Earl of Bedford Sir John Gray of Pergo one of the late Duke of Suffolk's brothers and Sir William Cecil she committed the reviewing of the former Litutgy to the care of Doctor Parker Doctor Gryndal Doctor Cox Doctor Pilkington Doctor Bill Doctor May and Mr. Whitehead together with Sir Thomas Smith Doctor of the Laws a very learned moderate and judicious Gentleman But what they did and what preferments they attained to on the doing of it we shall see anon wheu we shall find the Book reviewed confirmed by Act of Parliament and executed in all parts of the Kingdom as that Act required But first some publick Acts of State and great Solemnities of Court are to be performed The Funeral of the Queen deceased solemnised on the 13th of December at the Abbey of Westminster and the Sermon preached by Doctor White then Bishop of Winchester seemed onely as a preamble to the like Solemnity performed at the said place about ten days after in the Obsequies of Charls the 5th which mighty Emperor having first left the world by resigning his Kingdoms and retiring himself into a Monastery as before was said did after leave his life also in September last and now upon the 24th of this present December a solemn Obsequie was kept for him in the wonted form a rich Hearse being set up for him in the Church of Westminster magnificently covered with a Pall of gold his own Embassador serving as the principal Mourner and all the great Lords and Officers about the Court attending on the same in their rancks and orders And yet both these though stately and majestical in their several kinds came infinitely short of those Pomps and Triumphs which were prepared and reserved for the Coronation As a Preparation whereunto she passed from Westminster to the Tower on the 12th of January attended by the Lord Mayor the Aldermen and other Citizens in their Barges with the Banners and Escutcheons of their several Companies loud Musick sounding all the way and the next day she restored some unto their old and advanced others to new honors according to her own fancy and their deservings The Marquis of Northampton who had lain under an Attaindure ever since the first beginning of the Reign of Queen Mary she restored in blood with all his Titles and Estates The Lord Edward Seimer eldest son to the late Duke of Somerset was by her reconfirmed in the Titles of Viscount Beaâ—châ—mp and Earl of Hertford which had been formerly entayled upon him by Act of Parliament The Lord Thomas Howard second son of Thomas the late Duke of Norfolk and brother to Henry Earl of Surrey beheaded in the last days of King Henry the Eighth she advanced to the Title of Viscount Howard of Bindâ—n She also preferred Sir Oliver St. Johns who derived himself from the Lady Maâ—garet daughter of John Duke of Somerset from whom the Queen her self descended to the dignity of Lord St. John of Bletso and Sir Henry Carte son of Sir William Carie Knight and of Mary Bollen his wife the onely sister of Queen Anne Bollen she promoted to the honor and degree of Lord Carie of Hansdon The ordinary acts of grace and favour being thus dispatched she prepares the next morning for a triumphant passage through London to her Palace at Westminster But first before she takes her Chariot she is said to have lifted up her eyes to heaven and to have used some words to this or the like effect O Lord Almigâ—â—y and everâ—iving 〈◊〉 I give thee most hearty thanks that thou hast been so mercifu unto me as to spare me to see this joyful day And I acknowledge that thou hast dealt as wonderfully and aâ— mercifully with me as thou didst with thy true and faithful servant Daniel thy Prophet whom thou deliveredst out of the den from the cruelty of the raging greedy Lyons even so was I overwhelmed and only by
who were appointed to revise it as before is said In the performance of which service there was great care taken for expunging all such passages in it as might give any scandal or offence to the Popish party or be urged by them in excuse for their not comming to Church and joyning with the rest of the Congregation in Gods publick Worship In the Letany first made and published by King Henry the 8th and afterwards continued in the two Lituâ—gies of King Edward the 6th there was a Prayer to be delivered from the tyranny and all the detestable enormities of the Bâ—shop of Rome which was thought fit to be expunged as giving matter of scandal and dis-affection to all that party or otherwise wisht well to that Religion In the first Liturgie of King Edward the Sacrament of the Lords Body was delivered with this Benediction that is to say The Body of our Lord Jesus Christ which was given for the preservation of thy body and sâ—ul to life everlasting The Blood of our Lord Jesus Christ c. Which being thought by Calvin and his Disciples to give some countenance to the grosse and carnal Presence of Christ in the Sacrament which passeth by the name of Transâ—bstantiation in the Schools of Rome was altered into this form in the second Liturgy that is to say Take and eat this in remembrance that Christ died for thee and â—eed on him in thy heart by faith with thanksgiving Take and drink this c. But the Revisors of the Book joyned both Forms together lest under colour of rejecting a Carnal they might be thought also to deny such a Real Presence as was defended in the Writings of the Antient Fathers Upon which ground they expunged also a whole Rubrick at the end of the Communion-service by which it was declared that kneeling at the participation of the Sacrament was required for no other reason than for a signification of the humble and grateful acknowledging of the benefits of Christ given therein unto the worthy Receiver and to avoid that prophanation and disorder which otherwise might have ensued and not for giving any adoration to the Sacramental Bread and Wine there bodily received or in regard of any real and essential presence of Christs body and blood And to come up the closer to those of the Church of Rome it was ordered by the Queens Injunctions that the Sacramental Bread which the Book required onely to be made of the finest flower should be made round in fashion of the Wafers used in the time of Queen Mary She also ordered that the Lords Table should be placed where the Altar stood that the accustomed reverence should be made at the name of Jesus Musick retained in the Church and all the old Festivals observed with their several Eves By which compliances and the expunging of the passages before remembred the Book was made so passable amongst the Papiâ—ts that for ten years they generally repaired to their Parish Churches without doubt or scruple as is affirmed not onely by Sir Edward Coke in his speech againâ—t Gâ—â—net and his Charge given at the Assizes held at Norwich but also by the Queen her self in a Letter to Sir Francis Walsingham then being her Resident or Leiger-Ambassador in the Court of France the same confessed by Sanders also in his Book de Schismate And that the Book might passe the better in both Houses when it came to the Vote it was thought requisite that a Disputation should be held about some points which were most likely to be checked at the Disputants to be five Bishops and four other learned men of the one side and nine of the most learâ—ed men graduated in the Schools on the other side the Disputation to begin on the 30th of March and to be holden in the Church of Westminster in the presence of as many of the Lords of the Council and of the Members of both Houses as were desirous to inform themselves in the state of the Questions The Disputation for that reason to be held in the English Tongue and to be managed for the better avoiding of confusion by a mutual interchange of writings upon every point those writings which were mutually given in upon one day to be reciprocally answer'd on another so from day to day till the whole were ended To all which points the Bishops gave consent for themselves and the rest of their party though they refused to stand unto them when it came to the tryal The points to be disputed on were three in number that is to say That it is against the word of God and the custom of the antient Church to use a Tongue unknown to the people in Common-Praier and in the administration of the Sacâ—aments 2. That every Church hath authority to appoint take away and change Ceremonies and Ecclesiastical Rites so the same be to edification 3. That it cannot be proved by the word of God that there is in the Masse offered up a sacrifice propitiatory for the living and the dead And for the Disputants of each side they were these that follow that is to say first for the Popish party Dr. White Bishop of Winchester Dr. Bayn Bishop of Lichfield Dr. Scot Bishop of Chester and Dr. Watson Bishop of Lincâ—ln Dr. Fecknam Abbot of Westminster Dr. Henry Cole Dean of St. Pauls Dr. Harpâ—field Archdeacon of Canterbury Dr. Chadsey Prebend of St. Paâ—ls and Dr. Langdale Archdeacon of Lewis in Sussex For those of the Protestant perswasion appeared Dr. Scory the late Bishop of Chichester Dr. Cox the late Dean of Westminster Dr. Sandys late Master of Katherine Hal. Mr. Horn the late Dean of Durham Mr. Elmar late Archdeacon of Stow Mr. Whâ—tehead Mr. Gryndal Mr. Gâ—est and Mr. Jewel all of which except onely Whiâ—ehead attained afterwards to some eminent place in the sacred Hieraâ—chy The day being come and the place fitted and accommodated for so great an audience the Lord Keeper Bacon takes the Chair as Moderator not for determining any thing in the points disputed but for seeing good order to be kept and that the Disputation might be managed in the form agreed on When contrary to expectation the Bishops and their party brought nothing in writing to be read publickly in the hearing of all the Auditors but came resolved to try it out by word of mouth and to that end appointed Cole to be their Spokesman For which neglect being reproved by the Lord Keeper they promised a conformity on the Monday following being the second day of April but would not stand unto it them because they would not give their Adversaries so much leisure as a whole nights deliberation to return an answer Desired and pressed by the Lord Keeper to proceed according to the form agreed on for the better satisfaction and contentment of so great an Audience it was most obstinately denyed Wâ—tson and White behaving themselves with so little reverence or so much insolency rather as to threaten the Queen
rather to their condemnation do eat and drink the Sign or Sacrament of so great a thing XXX Of Both Kinds 32 The Cup of the Lord is not to be denyed to the Lay People For both the parts of the Lords Sacrament by Christs Ordinance and Commandment ought to be ministred to all Christian People alike _____ XXX Of the one Oblation of Christ finished upon the Crosse. The Offering of Christ once made is the perfect Redemption Propitiation and Satisfaction for all the sins of the whole World both Original and Actual and there is none other Satisfaction for sin but that alone Wherefore the Sacrifices of Masses in which it was commonly said that the Priests did offer Christ for the quick and the dead to have remission of pain or guilt were fables and dangerous deceits XXXI Of the one Oblation of Christ finished upon the Crosse. The offering of Christ once made is the perfect Redemption c. were blasphemous fables and 33 dangerous deceits XXXI A single Life is imposed on none by the Word of God Bishops Priests and Deacons are not commanded by God's Law either to vow the estate of a single life or to abstain from Marriage XXXII Of the Marriage of Priests Bishops Priests and Deacons are not commanded by Gods Law c. Therefore it is lawful also for them 34 as for all other Christian men to marry at their own discretion as they shall judge the same to serve better to godlinesse XXXII Excommunicated Persons are to be avoided That person which by open Denunciation of the Church is rightly cut off from the unity of the Church and Excommunicated ought to be taken of the whole multitude of the faithful as an Heathen and Publican untill he be openly reconciled by Penance and received into the Church by a Judge which hath authority thereunto XXXIII Of Excommunicated Persons how they are to be avoided That person which by open Denunciation of the Church c. XXXIII Of the Traditions of the Church It is not necessary that Traditions and Ceremonies be in all places one and utterly like for at all times they have been divers and may be changed according to the diversities of Countries Times and mens Manners so that nothing be ordained against Gods Word Whosoever through his private judgment willingly and purposely doth openly break the Traditions and Ceremonies of the Church which be not repugnant to the Word of God and be ordained and approved by common Authority ought to be rebuked openly that others may fear to do the like as he that offendeth against the common Order of the Church and hurteth the Authority of the Magistrate and woundeth the Consciences of the weak Brethren XXXIV Of the Traditions of the Church It is not necessary that Traditions and Ceremonies c. Every particular or National Church 35 hath Authority to ordain change or aboâ—ish Ceremonies or Rites of the Church ordained onely by Man's Authority so that all things be done to edifying XXXIV Of the Homilies The Homilies lately delivered 36 and commended to the Church of England by the Kings Injunctionâ— do contain a godly and wholsome Doctrine and fit to be embraced by all men and for that cause they are diligently plainly and distinctly to be read to the People XXXV Of Homilies The second Book of Homilies the several Titles whereof we have joyned under this Article doth contain a godly and wholsome Doctrin and necessary for the times as doth the former Book of Homilies which were set forth in the time of Edward the sixth and therefore we judge them to be read in Churches by the Ministers diligently and distinctly that they may be understood of the People The names of the Homilies Of the Right use of the Church Of Repairing Churches Against the Peril of Idolatry Of Good Works c. XXXV Of the Book of Common Prayer and other Rites and Ceremonies of the Church of England The Book lately delivered to the Church of England by the Authority of the King and Parliament 37 containing the manner and form of publick Prayer and the ministration of the Sacraments in the said Church of England as also the Book published by the same Authority for Ordering Ministers in the Church are both of them very pious as to â—uth of Doctrine in nothing contrary but agreeable to the wholsome Doctrine of the Gospel which they do very much promote and illustrate And for that cause they are by all faithful Members of the Church of England but chiefly of the Ministers of the Word with all thankfulness and readiness of mind to be received approved and commended to the People of God XXXVI Of Consecration of Bishops and Ministers The Book of Consecration of 38 Archbishops and Bishops and ordering of Priests and Deacons lately set forth in the time of King Edward the sixth and confirmed at the same time by Authority of Parliament doth contain all things necessary to such Consecration and Ordering Neither hath it any thing that of it self is superstitious and ungodly And therfore whosoever are Consecrated or ordered according to the Rites of that Book since the second year of the afore-named King Edward unto this time or hereafter shall be Consecrated or ordered according to the same Rites we decree all such to be rightly orderly and lawfully Consecrated and Ordered XXXVI Of the Civil Magistrates The King of England is after Christ 39 the Supream Head on Earth of the Church of England and Ireland The Bishop of Rome hath no Jurisdiction in this Realm of England The Civil Magistrate is ordained and approved by God and therefore are to be obeyed not onely for fear of wrath but for conscience sake Câ—vil or temporal Laws may punish Christian men with death for heinous and grievous offences It is lawful for Christian men at the commandment of the Magistrate to wear Weapons and serve in the Wars XXXVII Of the Civil Magistrates The Queens Majesty hath the chief Power in this Realm of England and other her Dominions unto whom the chief Government of all Estates of this Realm whether they be Ecclesiastical or Civil in all cases doth appertain and is not nor ought to be subject to any Forein Jurisdiction Where we attribute to the Queens Majesty the chief Government 40 by which Titles we understand the minds of some slanderous folks to be offended We give not to our Princess the Ministry either of Gods Word or of the Sacraments the which thing the Injunctions lately set forth by Elizabeth our Queen do most plainly testifie but that onely Prerogative which we see to have been given always to all godly Princes in holy Scriptutes by God himself that is that they should rule all Estates committed to their charge by God whether they be Ecclesiastical or Temporal and restrain with the Civil Sword the stubborn and evil doers The Bishop of Rome hath no Jurisdiction in this Realm of England The Laws of this Realm may punish Christian men with death