Family of God out of which there is no ordinary possibility of Salvation III. Unto this Catholique Visible Church Christ hath given the Ministry Oracles and Ordinances of God for the gathering and perfecting of the Saints in this life to the end of the World and doth by his own presence and Spirit according to his promise make them effectual thereunto IV. This Catholique Church hath been somtimes more somtimes less visible And particular Churches which are Members thereof are more or less pure according as the Doctrine of the Gospel is taught and imbraced Ordinances administred and Publique Worship performed more or less purely in them V. The purest Churches under Heaven are subject both to mixture and error and some have so degenerated as to become no Churches of Christ but Synagogues of Satan Nevertheless there shall be always a Church on Earth to worship God according to his will VI. There is no other Head of the Church but the Lord Jesus Christ Nor can the Pope of Rome in any sense be head thereof but is that Antichrist that Man of sin and Son of Perdition that exalteth himself in the Church against Christ and all that is called God CHAP. XXVI Of the Communion of Saints ALl Saints that are united to Jesus Christ their Head by his Spirit and by faith have fellowship with him in his graces sufferings death resurrection and glory And being united to one another in love they have communion in each others gifts and graces and are obliged to the performance of such duties publique and private as do conduce to their mutual good both in the inward and outward man II. Saints by profession are bound to maintain an holy fellowship and communion in the worship of God and in performing such other spiritual services as tend to their mutual edification as also in relieving each other in outward things according to their several abilities and necessities Which Communion as God offereth opportunity is to be extended unto all those who in every place call upon the name of the Lord Jesus III. This Communion which the Saints have with Christ doth not make them in any wise partakers of the substance of his Godhead or to be equal with Christ in any respect either of which to affirm is impious and blasphemous Nor doth their Communion one with another as Saints take away or infringe the title or propriety which each man hath in his goods and possessions CHAP. XXVII Of the Sacraments SAcraments are holy Signes and Seales of the Covenant of Grace immediately Instituted by God to represent Christ and his benefits and to confirm our interest in him as also to put a visible difference between those that belong unto the Church and the rest of the World and solemnly to engage them to the service of God in Christ according to his Word II. There is in every Sacrament a spiritual relation or Sacramental union between the Sign and the Thing signified whence it comes to pass that the Names and effects of the one are attributed to the other III. The Grace which is exhibited in or by the Sacraments rightly used is not conferred by any power in them neither doth the efficacy of a Sacrament depend upon the Piety or Intention of him that doth administer it but upon the work of the Spirit and the word of Institution which contains together with a Precept authorizing the use thereof a Promise of benefit to worthy Receivers IV. There be only two Sacraments ordained by Christ our Lord in the Gospel that is to say Baptism and the Supper of the Lord neither of which may be dispensed by any but by a Minister of the Word lawfully Ordained V. The Sacraments of the Old Testament in regard of the spiritual things thereby signified and exhibited were for substance the same with those of the New CHAP XXVIII Of Baptism BAptism is a Sacrament of the New Testament Ordained by Jesus Christ not only for the solemn Admission of the Party Baptized into the Visible Church but also to be unto him a signe and seal of the Covenant of Grace of his ingrafting into Christ of Regeneration of Remission of sins and of his giving up unto God through Jesus Christ to walk in newness of life Which Sacrament is by Christs own appointment to be continued in his Church until the end of the World II. The outward Element to be used in this Sacrament is Water wherewith the Party is to be Baptized in the Name of the Father and of the Son and of the Holy Ghost by a Minister of the Gospel lawfully called thereunto III. Dipping of the person into the Water is not necessary but Baptism is rightly administred by powring or Sprinkling water upon the Person IV. Not only those that do actually profess faith in and obedience unto Christ but also the Infants of one or both beleeving Parents are to be Baptized V. Although it be a great Sin to contemn or neglect this Ordinance yet Grace and salvation are not so inseparably annexed unto it as that no Person can be regenerated or saved without it or that all that are Baptized are undoubtedly regenerated VI. The Efficacy of Baptism is not tyed to that moment of time wherein it is administred yet notwithstanding by the right use of this Ordinance the grace promised is not only offered but really exhibited and conferred by the Holy Ghost to such whether of age or infants as that Grace belongeth unto according to the Councel of Gods own Will in his appointed time VII The Sacrament of Baptism is but once to be administred unto any person CHAP XXIX Of the Lords Supper OUr Lord Jesus in the night wherein he was betrayed Instituted the Sacrament of his Body and Blood called the Lords Super to be observed in his Church unto the end of the World for the perpetual Remembrance of the sacrifice of Himself in his Death the sealing all benefits thereof unto true Beleevers their Spiritual nourishment and growth in him their further ingagement in and to all duties which they owe unto him and to be a bond and pledge of their Communion with him and with each other as members of his mystical Body II. In this Sacrament Christ is not offered up to his Father nor any real Sacrifice made at all for remission of sins of the quick or dead but only a Commemoration of that one offering up of himself by himself upon the Cross once for all and a spiritual Oblation of all possible praise unto God for the same So that the Popish Sacrifice of the Mass as they call it is most abominably injurious to Christs one only Sacrifice the alone Propitiation for all the sins of his Elect. III. The Lord Jesus hath in this Ordinance appointed his Ministers to declare his word of Institution to the people to pray and bless the Elements of Bread and Wine and thereby to set them apart from a Common to an Holy Use and to Take and Break the Bread
to Take the Cup and they communicating also themselves to give both to the Communicants but to none who are not then present in the Congregation IV. Private Masses or receiving this Sacrament by a Priest or any other alone as likewise the denial of the Cup to the people worshiping the Elements the lifting them up or carrying them about for adoration and the reserving them for any pretended religious use are all contrary to the nature of this Sacrament and to the Institution of Christ V. The Outward Elements in this Sacrament duly set apart to the uses ordained by Christ have such relation to him crucified as that truly yet Sacramentally only they are sometimes called by the name of the things they represent to wit the Body and Blood of Christ albeit in substance and nature they still remain truely and only Bread and Wine as they were before VI. That Doctrine which maintains a change of the substance of Bread and Wine into the substance of Christs Body and Blood commonly called Transubstantiation by Consecration of a Priest or by any other way is repugnant not to Scripture alone but even to common Sense and Reason overthroweth the nature of the Sacrament and hath been and is the cause of manifold Superstitions yea of gross Idolatries VII Worthy receivers outwardly partaking of the Visible Elements in this Sacrament do then also inwardly by faith really and indeed yet not carnally and corporally but Spiritually receive and feed upon Christ crucified and all benefits of his death The Body and Blood of Christ being then not corporally or carnally in with or under the Bread and Wine yet as really but Spiritually present to the Faith of Believers in that Ordinance as the Elements themselves are to their outward senses VIII Although ignorant and wicked men receive the outward Elements in this Sacrament yet they receive not the Thing signified thereby but by their unworthy coming thereunto are guilty of the Body and Blood of the Lord to their own damnation Wherefore all ignorant and ungodly persons as they are unfit to enjoy communion with him so are they unworthy of the Lords Table and cannot without great sin against Christ while they remain such partake of these Holy Mysteries or be admitted thereunto CHAP. XXX Of Church Censures THe Lord Jesus as King and Head of his Church hath therein appointed a Government in the hand of Church Officers distinct from the Civil Magistrate II. To these Officers the Keys of the Kingdom of of Heaven are committed by vertue whereof they have power respectively to retain and remit sins to shut that Kingdom against the impenitent both by the Word and Censures and to open it unto penitent sinners by the Ministry of the Gospel and by Absolution from Censures as occasion shall require III. Church Censures are necessary for the reclaiming and gaining of offending Brethren for deterring of others from the like offences for purging out of that Leaven which might infect the whole Lump for vindicating the honour of Christ and the holy profession of the Gospel and for preventing the wrath of God which might justly fall upon the Church if they should suffer his Covenant and the Seals thereof to be prophaned by notorious and obstinate offenders IV. For the better attaining of these ends the Officers of the Church are to proceed by Admonition suspension from the Sacrament of the Lords Supper for a season and by Excommunication from the Church according to the nature of the crime and demerit of the Person CHAP. XXXI Of Synods and Councels FOr the better Government and further edification of the Church there ought to be such Assemblies as are commonly called Synods or Councels II. As Magistrates may lawfully call a Synod of Ministers and other fit Persons to consult and advise with about matters of Religion So if Magistrates be open Enemies to the Church the Ministers of Christ of themselves by vertue of their Office or they with other fit persons upon delegation from their Churches may meet together in such Assemblies III. It belongeth to Synods and Councels ministerially to determine Controversies of Faith and cases of Conscience to set down Rules and Directions for the better Ordering of the publique Worship of God and Government of his Church to receive Complaints in Cases of Male-administration and authoritatively to Determine the same which Decrees and Determinations if consonant to the Word of God are to be received with reverence and submission not only for their agreement with the Word but also for the Power whereby they are made as being an Ordinance of God appointed thereunto in his Word IV. All Synods or Councels since the Apostles times whether general or particular may erre and many have erred Therefore they are not to be made the Rule of Faith or practise but to be used as an Help in both V. Synods and Councels are to handle or conclude nothing but that which is Ecclesiastical and are not to intermeddle with Civil Affairs which concern the Commonwealth unless by way of humble Petition in cases extraordinary or by way of Advice for satisfaction of Conscience if they be thereunto required by the Civil Magistrate CHAP. XXXII Of the State of men after death and of the Resurrection of the dead THe Bodies of men after death return to dust and see corruption but their Souls which neither dye nor sleep having an immortal subsistence immediately return to God who gave them the Souls of the Righteous being then made perfect in holiness are received into the highest Heavens where they behold the face of God in light and glory waiting for the full Redemption of their Bodies And the Souls of the wicked are cast into Hell where they remain in torments and utter darkness reserved to the Judgement of the Great Day Beside these two Places for Souls separated from their bodies the Scripture acknowledgeth none II. At the Last Day such as are found alive shall not dye but be changed and all the Dead shall be raised up with the self same bodies and none other although with different qualities which shall be united again to their Souls for ever III. The Bodies of the unjust shall by the power of Christ be raised to dishonour the Bodies of the just by his Spirit unto honour and be made conformable to his own glorious Body CHAP. XXXIII Of the last Iudgment GOd hath appointed a Day wherein he will judge the World in righteousness by Jesus Christ to whom all Power and Judgement is given of the Father In which Day not onely the Apostate Angels shall be judged but likewise all Persons that have lived upon Earth shall appear before the Tribunal of Christ to give an Account of their Thoughts Words and Deeds and to receive according to what they have done in the Body whether good or evil II. The End of Gods appointing this Day is for the manifestation of the Glory of his Mercy in the eternal salvation of the Elect and of his Justice in the damnation of the Reprobate who are wicked and disobedient For then shall the Righteous go into everlasting life and receive that fullness of Joy and Refreshing which shall come from the presence of the Lord but the wicked who know not God and obey not the Gospel of Jesus Christ shall be cast into eternal Torments and be punished with everlasting destruction from the presence of the Lord and from the Glory of his Power III. As Christ would have us to be certainly perswaded That there shall be a Day of Judgement both to deter all men from Sin and for the greater consolation of the Godly in their Adversity so will he have that Day unknown to men that they may shake off all carnal Security and be always watchful because they know not at what hour the Lord will come and may be ever prepared to say Come Lord Jesus come quickly Amen Charles Herle Prolocutor Cornelius Burges Assessor Herbert Palmer Assessor Henry Robroughe Scriba Adoniram Byfield Scriba FINIS
the Author or Approver of sin V. The most wise righteous and gracious God doth oftentimes leave for a season his owne children to manifold temptations and the corruption of their own hearts to chastise them for their former sinnes or to discover unto them the hidden strength of corruption and deceitfulnesse of their hearts that they may be humbled and to raise them to a more close and constant dependance for their support upon himselfe and to make them more watchfull against all future occasions of sin and for sundry other just and holy ends VI. As for those wicked and ungodly men whom God as a righteous judge for former sinnes doth blinde and harden from them he not onely withholdeth his grace whereby they might have been inlightened in their understandings and wrought upon in their hearts but sometimes also withdraweth the gifts which they had and exposeth them to such objects as their corruption makes occasions of sin and withall gives them over to their own lusts the temptations of the world and the power of Satan where by it comes to passe that they harden themselves even under those meanes which God useth for the softning of others VII As the providence of God doth in generall reach to all Creatures so after a most speciall manner it taketh care of his Church and disposeth all things to the good thereof CHAP. VI. Of the Fall of Man of Sin and of the Punishment thereof OUr first Parents being seduced by the subtilty and temptation of Satan sinned in eating the forbidden fruit This their sin God was pleased according to his wiseand holy counsell to permit having purposed to order it to his own glory II. By this sin they fell from their originall righteousnesse and communion with God and so became dead in sin and wholly defiled in all the faculties and parts of soul and body III. They being the root of all man-kinde the guilt of this sin was imputed and the same death in sin and corrupted nature conveyed to all their posterity descending from them by ordinary generation IV. From this originall corruption whereby we are utterly indisposed dis-abled and made opposite to all good and wholly inclined to all evil do proceed all actuall transgressions V. This corruption of nature during this life doth remain in those that are regenerated and although it be through Christ pardoned and mortified yet both it self and all the motions thereof are truly and properly sin VI. Every-sin both Originall and Actuall being a transgression of the righteous Law of God and contrary thereunto doth in its own nature bring guilt upon the sinner whereby he is bound over to the wrath of God and curse of the Law and so made subject to death with all miseries spirituall temporall and eternall CHAP. VII Of Gods Covenant with Man THe distance between God and the Creature is so great that although reasonable Creatures do owe obedience unto him as their Creator yet they could never have any fruition of him as their Blessednesse and Reward but by some voluntary condescension on Gods part which he hath been pleased to expresse by way of Covenant II. The first Covenant made with Man was a Covenant of Works wherein Life was promised to Adam and in him to his Posterity upon condition of perfect and personall obedience III. Man by his Fall having made himself uncapable of Life by that Covenant the Lord was pleased to make a Second commonly called the Covenant of Grace Wherein he freely offereth unto sinners Life and Salvation by Jesus Christ requiring of them Faith in Him that they may be saved and promising to give unto all those that are ordained unto Life his holy Spirit to make them willing and able to beleeve IV. This Covenant of Grace is frequently set forth in Scripture by the name of a Testament in reference to the death of Jesus Christ the Testator and to the everlasting inheritance with all things belonging to it therein bequeathed V. This Covenant was differently administred in the time of the Law and in the time of the Gospel Under the Law it was administred by Promises Prophecies Sacrifices Circumcision the Paschal Lamb and other Types and Ordinances delivered to the people of the Jews all fore-signifying Christ to come which were for that time sufficient and efficacious through the operation of the Spirit to instruct and build up the Elect in Faith in the Promised Messiah by whom they had full remission of sins and eternall Salvation and is called the Old Testament VI. Under the Gospel when Christ the substance was exhibited the Ordinances in which this Covenant is dispensed are the Preaching of the Word and the Administration of the Sacraments of Baptisme and the Lords Supper Which though fewer in number and administred with more simplicity and lesse outward glory yet in them it is held forth in more fullnesse evidence and spirituall efficacy to all Nations both Jews and Gentiles and is called the New Testament There are not therefore Two Covenants of Grace differing in substance but one and the same under various dispensations CHAP. VIII Of Christ the Mediator IT pleased God in His eternall purpose to choose and ordain the Lord Jesus His only begotten Son to be the Mediator between God and Man the Prophet Priest and King the Head and Saviour of His Church the Heir of all things and Judge of the World Unto whom He did from all eternity give a People to be his Seed and to be by him in time Redeemed Called Justified Sanctified and Glorified II. The Son of God the second Person in the Trinity being very and eternall God of one Substance and equall with the Father did when the fullnesse of time was come take upon Him mans nature with all the Essentiall properties and common infirmities thereof yet without sin being conceived by the Power of the Holy Ghost in the womb of the Virgin Mary of her substance So that two whole perfect and distinct Natures the Godhead and the Manhood were inseparably joyned together in one Person without Conversion Composition or Confusion Which Person is very God and very Man yet one Christ the only Mediator between God and Man III. The Lord Jesus in his humane nature thus united to the divine was sanctified and anointed with the holy Spirit above measure having in him all the treasures of wisdome and knowledge in whom it pleased the Father that all fullnesse should dwell to the end that being holy harmlesse undefiled and full of grace and truth he might be thorowly furnished to execute the Office of a Mediator and Surety Which Office he took not unto himself but was thereunto called by his Father who put all power and judgement into his hand and gave him commandment to execute the same IV. This Office the Lord Jesus did most willingly undertake which that he might discharge he was made under the Law and did perfectly fullfill it endured most grievous torments immediatly in his Soul and most painfull sufferings in his Body was
crucified and died was buried and remained under the power of death yet saw no corruption On the third day he arose from the dead with the same body in which he suffered with which also he ascended into Heaven and there sitteth at the right hand of his Father making intercession and shall return to Judge men and Angels at the end of the World V. The Lord Jesus by his perfect obedience and sacrifice of himself which he through the eternall spirit once offered up unto God hath fully satisfied the Justice of his Father and purchased not only reconciliation but an everlasting inheritance in the Kingdom of Heaven for all those whom the Father hath given unto him VI. Although the work of Redemption was not actually wrought by Christ till after his Incarnation yet the vertue efficacy and benefits thereof were communicated unto the Elect in all ages successively from the beginning of the world in and by those promises types and sacrifices wherein he was revealed and signified to be the seed of the woman which should bruise the serpents head and the Lambe slain from the beginning of the world being yesterday and to day the same and for ever VII Christ in the work of Mediation acteth according to both Natures by each Nature doing that which is proper to it self yet by reason of the unity of the Person that which is proper to one Nature is sometimes in Scripture attributed to the Person denominated by the other Nature VIII To all those for whom Christ hath purchased Redemption he doth certainly and effectually apply and communicate the same making intercession for them and revealing unto them in and by the Word the mysteries of salvation effectually perswading them by his Spirit to beleeve and obey and governing their hearts by his Word and Spirit overcoming all their enemies by his Almighty Power and Wisdome in such manner and wayes as are most consonant to his wonderfull and unsearchable dispensation CHAP. IX Of Free-Will GOD hath indued the Will of man with that naturall liberty that it is neither forced nor by any absolute necessity of nature determined to good or evil II. Man in his state of Innocency had freedom and power to will and to doe that which was good and well pleasing to God but yet mutably so that he might fall from it III. Man by his fall into a state of sin hath wholly lost all ability of Will to any spirituall good accompanying salvation so as a naturall man being altogether averse from that good and dead in sin is not able by his own strength to convert himself or to prepare himself thereunto IV. When God converts a sinner and translates him into the state of grace he freeth him from his naturall bondage under sin and by his grace alone inables him freely to will and to do that which is spiritually good yet so as that by reason of his remaining corruption he doth not perfectly nor only will that which is good but doth also will that which is evil V. The will of man is made perfectly and immutably free to good alone in the state of Glory only CHAP. X. Of Effectuall Calling ALl those whom God hath predestinated unto life and those only he is pleased in his appointed and accepted time effectually to call by his Word and Spirit out of that state of sin and death in which they are by nature to grace and salvation by Jesus Christ inlightning their mindes spiritually and savingly to understand the things of God taking away their heart of stone and giving unto them an heart of flesh renewing their wills and by his almighty power determining them to that which is good and effectually drawing them to Jesus Christ yet so as they come most freely being made willing by his grace II. This effectuall Call is of Gods free and speciall grace alone not from any thing at all foreseen in man who is altogether passive therein untill being quickned and renewed by the holy Spirit he is thereby inabled to answer this Call and to imbrace the grace offered and conveyed in it III. Elect infants dying in infancy are regenerated and saved by Christ through the Spirit who worketh when and where and how he pleaseth So also are all other elect persons who are uncapable of being outwardly called by the Ministry of the Word IV. Others not elected although they may be called by the Ministry of the Word and may have some common operations of the Spirit yet they never truly come unto Christ and therefore cannot be saved much lesse can men not professing the Christian Religion be saved in any other way whatsoever be they never so diligent to frame their lives according to the light of Nature and the Law of that Religion they doe professe And to assert and maintain that they may is very pernicious and to be detested CHAP. XI Of Iustification THose whom God effectually calleth he also freely justifieth not by infusing righteousnesse into them but by pardoning their sins and by accounting and accepting their persons as righteous not for any thing wrought in them or done by them but for Christs sake alone nor by imputing faith it self the act of beleeving or any other evangelicall obedience to them as their righteousnesse but by imputing the obedience and satisfaction of Christ unto them they receiving and resting on him and his righteousnesse by faith which faith they have not of themselves it is the guift of God II. Faith thus receiving and resting on Christ and his righteousnesse is the alone instrument of Justification yet is it not alone in the person justified but is ever accompanied with all other saving graces and is no dead faith but worketh by Love III. Christ by his obedience and death did fully discharge the debt of all those that are thus justified and did make a proper reall and full satisfaction to his Fathers Justice in their behalf Yet in as much as he was given by the Father for them and his obedience and satisfaction accepted in their stead and both freely not for any thing in them their Justification is only of free grace that both the exact justice and rich grace of God might be glorified in the justification of sinners IV. God did from all eternity decree to justifie all the elect and Christ did in the fullnesse of time die for their sins and rise again for their justification neverthelesse they are not justified untill the holy Spirit doth in due time actually apply Christ unto them V. God doth continue to forgive the sins of those that are justified and although they can never fall from the state of Justification yet they may by their sins fall under Gods fatherly displeasure and not have the light of his countenance restored unto them untill they humble themselves confesse their sins beg pardon and renew their faith and repentance VI. The Justification of Beleevers under the old Testament was in all these respects
many weaknesses and imperfections VII Works done by unregenerate men although for the matter of them they may be things which God commands and of good use both to themselves and others yet because they proceed not from an heart purified by faith nor are done in a right manner according to the Word nor to a right end the glory of God they are therefore sinfull and cannot please God or make a man meet to receive grace from God And yet their neglect of them is more sinfull and displeasing unto God CHAP. XVII Of the Perseverance of the Saints THey whom God hath accepted in his Beloved effectually called and sanctified by his Spirit can neither totally nor finally fall away from the state of Grace but shall certainly persevere therein to the end and be eternally saved II. This Perseverance of the Saints depends not upon their own free-will but upon the immutability of the Decree of Election flowing from the free and unchangeable love of God the Father upon the efficacy of the merit and intercession of Jesus Christ the abiding of the Spirit and of the seed of God within them and the nature of the Covenant of Grace from all which ariseth also the certainty and infallibility thereof III. Neverthelesse they may through the temptations of Satan and of the World the prevalency of corruption remaining in them and the neglect of the means of their preservation fall into grievous sins and for a time continue therein whereby they incurre Gods displeasure and grieve his holy Spirit come to be deprived of some measure of their graces and comforts have their hearts hardned and their consciences wounded hurt and scandalize others and bring temporall judgements upon themselves CHAP. XVIII Of the assurance of Grace and Salvation ALthough hypocrites and other unregenerate men may vainly deceive themselves with false hopes and carnall presumptions of being in the favour of God and estate of salvation which hope of theirs shall perish yet such as truly beleeve in the Lord Jesus and love him in sincerity endeavouring to walk in all good conscience before him may in this life be certainly assured that they are in the state of grace and may rejoyce in the hope of the glory of God which hope shall never make them ashamed II. This certainty is not a bare conjecturall and probable perswasion grounded upon a fallible hope but an infallible assurance of faith founded upon the divine truth of the promises of salvation the inward evidence of those graces unto which these promises are made the testimony of the Spirit of Adoption witnessing with our spirits that we are the children of God which Spirit is the earnest of our inheritance whereby we are sealed to the day of redemption III. This infallible assurance doth not so belong to the essence of faith but that a true beleever may wait long and conflict with many difficulties before he be partaker of it yet being inabled by the Spirit to know the things which are freely given him of God he may without extraordinary revelation in the right use of ordinary meanes attain thereunto And therefore it is the duty of every one to give all diligence to make his calling and election sure that thereby his heart may be inlarged in peace and joy in the holy Ghost in love and thankfullnesse to God and in strength and chearfullnesse in the duties of obedience the proper fruits of this assurance so farre is it from inclining men to loosenesse IV. True beleevers may have the assurance of their salvation divers wayes shaken diminished and intermitted as by negligence in preserving of it by falling into some speciall sin which woundeth the conscience and grieveth the spirit by some sudden or vehement temptation by Gods withdrawing the light of his countenance and suffering even such as fear him to walk in darknesse and to have no light yet are they never utterly destitute of that seed of God and life of faith that love of Christ and the brethren that sincerity of heart and conscience of duty out of which by the operation of the Spirit this Assurance may in due time be revived and by the which in the mean time they are supported from utter despair CHAP. XIX Of the Law of God GOD gave to Adam a Law as a Covenant of Works by which he bound him and all his posterity to personall entire exact and perpetuall obedience promised life upon the fullfilling and threatned death upon the breach of it and indued him with power and ability to keep it II. This Law after his fall continued to be a perfect rule of righteousnesse and as such was delivered by God upon Mount Sinai in ten Commandments and written in two Tables the four first Commandments containing our duty towards God and the other six our duty to man III. Beside this Law commonly called Moral God was pleased to give to the people of Israel as a Church under age Ceremoniall Laws containing severall typical Ordinances partly of worship prefiguring Christ his graces actions sufferings and benefits and partly holding forth divers instructions of moral duties All which Ceremonial Laws are now abrogated under the new Testament IV. To them also as a Body Politique he gave sundry Judicial Laws which expired together with the State of that People not obliging any other now further than the general equity thereof may require V. The Moral Law doth for ever binde all as well justified persons as others to the obedience thereof and that not only in regard of the matter contained in it but also in respect of the authority of God the Creatour who gave it Neither doth Christ in the Gospel any way dissolve but much strengthen this obligation VI. Although true Beleevers be not under the Law as a Covenant of Works to be thereby justified or condemned yet is it of great use to them as well as to others in that as a Rule of life informing them of the will of God and their duty it directs and bindes them to walke accordingly discovering also the sinfull pollutions of their nature hearts and lives so as examining themselves thereby they may come to further conviction of humiliation for and hatred against sin together with a cleerer fight of the need they have of Christ and the perfection of his obedience It is likewise of use to the Regenerate to restrain their corruptions in that it forbids sin and the threatnings of it serve to shew what even their sins deserve and what afflictions in this life they may expect for them although freed from the curse thereof threatned in the Law The Promises of it in like manner shew them Gods approbation of obedience and what blessings they may expect upon the performance thereof although not as due to them by the Law as a Covenant of Works So as a mans doing good and refraining from evil because the Law encourageth to the one and deterreth from the other is no evidence of his being under the Law and
Therefore to swear vainly or rashly by that glorious and dreadful Name or to swear at all by any other thing is sinful and to be abhorred Yet as in matters of weight and moment an Oath is warranted by the Word of God under the New Testament as well as under the Old so a lawful Oath being imposed by lawful Authority in such matters ought to be taken III. Whosoever taketh an Oath ought duly to consider the weightiness of so solemn an act and therein to avouch nothing but what he is fully perswaded is the truth Neither may any man binde himself by Oath to any thing but what is good and just and what he believeth so to be and what he is able and resolved to perform Yet is it a sin to refuse an Oath touching any thing that is good and just being imposed by lawful Authority IV. An Oath is to be taken in the plain and common sense of the words without equivocation or mental reservation It cannot oblige to sin but in any thing not sinful being taken it bindes to performance although to a mans own hurt Nor is it to be violated although made to Hereticks or Infidels V. A Vow is of the like nature with a Promissory Oath and ought to be made with the like Religious care and to be performed with the like faithfulness VI. It is not to be made to any Creature but to God alone and that it may be accepted it is to be made voluntarily out of Faith and conscience of Duty in way of thankfulness for mercy received or for the obtaining of what we want whereby we more strictly binde our selves to necessary duties or to other things so far and so long as they may fitly conduce thereunto VII No man may Vow to do any thing forbidden in the Word of God or what would hinder any duty therein commanded or which is not in his own power and for the performance whereof he hath no promise of ability from God In which respects Popish Monastical Vows of perpetual single life professed Poverty and Regular Obedience are so far from being degrees of higher Perfection that they are superstitious and sinful snares in which no Christian may intangle himself CHAP. XXIII Of the Civil Magistrate GOd the supreme Lord and King of all the World hath Ordained Civil Magistrates to be under him over the People for his own Glory and the Publique good and to this end hath armed them with the Power of the Sword for the defence and incouragement of them that are good and for the punishment of evil doers II. It is lawful for Christians to accept and execute the Office of a Magistrate when called thereunto in the managing whereof as they ought especially to maintain Piety Justice and Peace according to the wholsom Laws of each Commonwealth so for that end they may lawfully now under the New Testament wage Warre upon just and necessary occasion III. The Civil Magistrate may not assume to himself the administration of the Word and Sacraments or the power of the Keys of the Kingdom of Heaven yet he hath authority and it is his duty to take order that Unity and Peace be preserved in the Church that the Truth of God be kept pure and intire that all Blasphemies and Heresies be suppressed all corruptions and abuses in Worship and Discipline prevented or reformed and all the Ordinances of God duly setled administred and observed For the better effecting whereof he hath power to call Synods to be present at them and to provide that whatsoever is transacted in them be according to the minde of God IV. It is the duty of People to pray for Magistrates to honour their Persons to pay them Tribute and other Dues to obey their lawful Commands and to be subject to their Authority for conscience sake Infidelity or difference in Religion doth not make void the Magistrates just and legal Authority nor free the People from their due obedience to him from which Ecclesiastical persons are not exempted much less hath the Pope any Power and Jurisdiction over them in their Dominions or over any of their People and least of all to deprive them of their Dominions or lives if he shall judge them to be Hereticks or upon any other pretence whatsoever CHAP. XXIV Of Marriage and Divorce MArriage is to be between one Man and one Woman neither is it lawful for any Man to have more then one Wife nor for any Woman to have more then one Husband at the same time II. Marriage was ordained for the mutual help of Husband and Wife for the increase of mankinde with a legitimate issue and of the Church with an holy seed and for preventing of uncleanness III. It is lawful for all sorts of people to marry who are able with judgement to give their Consent Yet is it the duty of Christians to marry only in the Lord And therefore such as profess the true reformed Religion should not marry with Infidels Papists or other Idolaters Neither should such as are godly be unequally yoked by marrying with such as are notoriously wicked in their life or maintain damnable Heresies IV. Marriage ought not to be within the degrees of Consanguinity or Affinity forbidden in the Word No can such incestuous marriages ever be made lawful by any Law of man or consent of Parties so as those persons may live together as man and wife The man may not marry any of his wives kindred nearer in blood then he may of his own nor the woman of her husbands kindred nearer in blood then of her own V. Adultery or fornication committed after a Contract being detected before marriage giveth just occasion to the innocent party to dissolve that Contract In the case of Adultery after marriage it is lawful for the innocent party to sue our a Divorce And after the Divorce to marry another as if the offending party were dead VI. Although the Corruption of man be such as is apt to study arguments unduely to put asunder those whom God hath joyned together in marriage yet nothing but adultery or such wilful desertion as can no way be remedied by the Church or Civil Magistrate is cause sufficient of dissolving the bond of marriage Wherein a publique and orderly course of Proceeding is to be observed And the persons concerned in it not left to their own wills and discretion in their own Case CHAP. XXV Of the Church THe Catholique or Universal Church which is invisible consists of the whole number of the Elect that have been are or shall be gathered into One under Christ the Head thereof and is the Spouse the Body the Fulness of Him that filleth all in all II. The Visible Church which is also Catholique or Universal under the Gospel not confined to one Nation as before under the Law consists of all those throughout the World that profess the true Religion and of their Children and is the Kingdom of the Lord Jesus Christ the House and