body and blood of the Lord. But let a man examine himself and so let him eat of that bread and drink of that cup. Here we are plainly taught that it is still bread when it is eaten And our Saviour calls the wine the fruit of the vine Matt. 26.29 But I say unto you I will not drink henceforth of the fruit of the vine until that day when I drink it new with you in my Father's Kingdom Our Lord here shews us that this was the fruit of the vine and wine when he drank it And our eyes and hands and mouth do testify to us that the bread and wine in the Sacrament are bread and wine when we eat and drink them and it would be nonsense and madness to think that our blessed Saviour eat his own body and drank his own blood and gave them also to his Disciples that they might eat and drink them too We are taught that there is but one Christ and that he cannot be divided Ephes 4.5 6. One Lord saith the Apostle one faith one baptism one God and Father of all And 1 Cor. 1.13 saith he Is Christ divided Hereby shewing that he cannot be divided And Christ is the only begotten Son of God and is but one Joh. 3.16 But according to the Doctrine of the Romish Church that will have Christ to be wholely in every bit of the consecrated bread there will be millions of Christs directly contrary to the sacred Scriptures We are also taught that Christ is in heaven at the right hand of God and that he is to abide there till he shall come to judge the World at the last day Acts 1.11 This same Jesus said the Angels which is taken up from you into Heaven shall so come in like manner as ye have seen him go into Heaven And till we see him come in this visible and glorious manner we are to know that he is not bodily present here upon earth And saith the Apostle Act. 3.20 And he shall send Jesus Christ which before was preached unto you whom the Heaven must receive until the times of restitution of all things And he tells us that he is at the right hand of God Rom. 8.34 And there we are to know that he is to abide until these times of restitution when and not before God will send him again to judge the World And therefore it is plain that Christ cannot be bodily present in such a multitude of places here upon earth at one time as the Papists would have him to be contrary to these places of Scripture and contrary to all the reason and understanding of man We are taught that Christ's body is glorified and spiritualized and made incorruptible Phil. 3.20 For our conversation saith the Apostle is in heaven from whence also we look for the Saviour the Lord Jesus Christ who shall change our vile body that it may be fashioned like unto his glorious body And saith he again 1 Cor. 15.42 So also is the resurrection of the dead It is sown in corruption it is raised in incorruption it is sown a natural body it is raised a spiritual body Our bodies are to be made glorious bodies like Christ's body and our bodies are to be made spiritual and incorruptible bodies which shews that Christ's body is such And he is to return no more to corruption as the Apostle saith Acts 13.34 And how then can the glorified and spiritual and incorruptible body of Christ be eaten by men and return to corruption again This Doctrine of the Church of Rome we see is flat contrary to the sacred Scriptures and to all the sense and reason and understanding of man And as for those Words of our Saviour Matt. 26.26 This is my body We may see that this is a very common and ordinary way of speaking to call things by the names of those that they signify and represent The Paschal Lamb is called the Lord's Passover Exod. 12.11 And ye shall eat it in haste it is the Lord 's Passover This was to signify and to be a Sacrament of the Lord 's passing over the houses of the Israelites when he saw the blood of this Lamb upon the Door-posts and not suffering the destroying Angel to enter into them but the Lamb was still flesh as is said ver 8 and could not be the Lord 's passing over the houses of the Israelites but only as a Sacrament and Rite to signify this Action of passing over them and shewing them Mercy when the Egyptians were destroyed Pharaoh's kine are said to be years of time Gen. 41.26 The seven good kine are seven years And the seven thin and ill-favoured kine that came up after them are seven years But these kine could not be years of time any otherwise than that they signified so many years of plenty and so many years of scarcity that were to come The bones which Ezekiel saw are said to be the whole House of Israel Ezek. 37.11 Then he said unto me Son of man these bones are the whole House of Israel behold they say our bones are dryed But here we see that no more is meant hereby but that this vision of bones was to represent and signify the House of Israel By these and many more Instances we may see that this is a common way of speaking And hereby it is plain that by these words This is my body we are to understand that this bread was to be a Sacrament and Signification of his Body For we see and are taught by the sacred Scriptures that it is bread still as I have shewed Again our Saviour saith that he is a door John 10.7 And men may as well argue for a Transubstantiation here as upon those other words of his But how ridiculous would a man make himself that should from hence affirm That Christ after he spake these words was turned into a perfect door and that his body was no more flesh and bones but changed into as real a door as ever moved upon hinges Our Saviour saith that he is a vine Joh. 15.1 And men may as well argue for a Transubstantiation from hence as from the other place and say that Christ after these words was no more a man but was then changed into as real a vine as ever grew in the ground and bore grapes But to talk after such a vain and whimsical manner as this is more fit for mad and distracted persons than for such as pretend to Sobriety and Understanding VIII Their worshipping of the Bread and Wine in the Sacrament of the Lord's Supper is contrary to the Word of God and gross Idolatry We see that the Bread and Wine are bread and wine still after Consecration tho' they be consecrated and set apart to a sacred use And our Saviour and his Apostles have given us no Command nor Example to worship them And this is to make them Idols and is contrary to a multitude of places in the sacred Scriptures This is flat contrary
death fall like trees and cannot afterwards alter their condition And saith our Saviour Joh. 9.4 I must work the work of him that sent me while it is day the night cometh when no man can work And this night we may be sure will come at death tho' our Lord here may have some respect to Persecution too And saith St. Paul Phil. 2.12 Work out your own salvation with fear and trembling Here the Apostle doth plainly shew that every one is to work out his own Salvation here in this World and exhorts us to do it with exceeding great care and lets us plainly see that it is not to be done by the Prayers and Absolutions of others after we are dead And saith the Apostle Heb. 3.13 But exhort one another while it is called to day Hereby also shewing that our work is to be done here before death And at the great Day of Judgment every one is to be judged according to the things that he hath done here in the body 2 Cor. 5.10 For saith St. Paul we must all appear before the judgment seat of Christ that every one may receive the things done in his body according to that he hath done whether it be good or bad According to the things done here in the body in this world are men to be judged at the last day and here is no regard that is to be had to the matters of Purgatory which shews that there is no such place And after death we may see that the righteous cease from their labor and are at rest and therefore are not laboring and tormented in the fire of Purgatory Job 3.12 13. Why did the knees prevent me or why the breasts that I should suck For now should I have slept then had I been at rest with Kings and Counsellors of the earth And ver 17. There the wicked cease from troubling and there the weary be at rest Job concluded that he should be at rest as soon as he was out of this troublesome world and that other righteous men should be so too and yet he had perfect knowledge of a world to come Job 19.25 And Daniel was to be at rest Dan. 12.13 But go thou thy way till the end be for thou shalt rest and stand in the lot at the end of the days And saith the Prophet Isaiah 57.1 None considering that the righteous is taken away from the evil to come He shall enter into peace From evil here in this world is the righteous man taken and when he departs hence he enters into peace and rest And saith the Apostle Heb. 4.9 There remaineth therefore a rest to the People of God For he that is entred into his rest he also hath ceased from his own works as God did from his Let us labor therefore to enter into that rest least any man fall after the same example of unbelief A rest remaineth to the People of God after this life is ended and here we are to labor that we may enter into it And saith St. John Rev. 14.13 And I heard a voice from Heaven saying unto me Write Blessed are the dead which dye in the Lord from hence forth yea saith the Spirit that they may rest from their labors and their works do follow them Those that dye in Christ are blessed and happy and are then to rest from their labors and not to be tormented in Purgatory 2 We may conclude from hence also that there is no Purgatory because the body has need to be purified as well as the soul and must be purified before it goes to Heaven but the body is not purified in Purgatory and therefore we may conclude that the soul is not purified in any such place It is more likely that the body should be purified in such a fire than that the soul should be so but the body lyes here in the grave with us until the resurrection and is not purified by Purgatory And yet the body must be purified before it can go to Heaven For the Apostle hath told us That flesh and blood cannot inherit the Kingdom of Heaven and that corruption doth not inherit incorruption 1 Cor. 15.50 But our bodies are to be glorified and spiritualized by our blessed Lord. Phil. 3.20 For our conversation is in Heaven from whence also we look for the Saviour the Lord Jesus Christ who shall change our vile body that it may be fashioned like unto his glorious body according to the working whereby he is able to subdue all things unto himself The body is to be purified before it can go to Heaven but it is certain that the bodies of men dead are in the grave and not in Purgatory and that the bodies of the righteous are to be changed and glorified by our blessed Saviour and we may be sure also that the souls of the righteous are purified by him When we by the grace of God have done what we can to purify our souls we may be sure that our blessed Saviour will complete this purity and present them without spot before the Throne of God as I have shewed before This clear proof before our eyes that the bodies of men departed are not in Purgatory but in monuments and graves here upon earth doth make it more evident that there is no such place as Purgatory but that it is a vain Fiction and a meer Fable All Receptacles of the dead shall at the last day deliver up the bodies of men that are in them and are there to remain till that day according to John's Vision Rev. 20.13 And the sea gave up the dead which were in it and death and hell or the Grave delivered up the dead which were in them and they were judged every man according to their works In the several receptacles where the bodies of men are and shall be reposed and laid up are they to abide till the general day of Judgment and are then and not before to be delivered up And if there were any need that men should be purifyed in Purgatory before they can be fit for Heaven there would be the same need and necessity that the last generation of men should be purifyed herein before they could be fit for Heaven But we are taught by St. Paul that at the last day the dead shall be raised up and that the living shall then be changed and so go with them strait to Judgment to meet the Lord and that the righteous shall from thenceforth abide with him for ever 1 Cor. 15.51 Behold saith he I shew you a Mystery we shall not all sleep that is die but we shall all be changed in a moment in the twinkling of an eye at the last trump for the trumpet shall sound and the dead shall be raised incorruptible and we shall be changed That is those of us that shall be then living And 1 Thess 4.15 saith he For this we say unto you by the word of the Lord That we which are alive and remain unto
see is flat contrary to the express Word of God In these matters concerning Marriages it is clear that their Practice is not agreeable to the sacred Word of God XII Their Doctrine of Purgatory and their Masses and Prayers and Absolutions for the delivering of men from thence are not agreeable to the sacred Scriptures And first we may see that the places alledged to prove these will prove no such thing Our Saviour hath told us Matt. 12.32 That whosoever speaketh against the Holy Ghost it shall not be forgiven him neither in this world or age neither in the world or age to come But this place doth not prove that any sins shall be forgiven in another world which are not forgiven in this This only shows that no pardon at all was to be granted to this sin And so it is explained in St. Mar. 3.29 But he that shall blaspheme against the Holy Ghost hath never forgiveness but is in danger of eternal Damnation This place in St. Matthew is clearly explained to us by the Spirit of God how we are to understand it and nothing like Purgatory we see can be drawn from it And we may see that such expressions as these in the Scriptures prove nothing at all to this purpose Our Saviour saith concerning the man that was born blind Joh. 9.3 Neither hath this man sinned nor his parents But this is no proof that other men do sin before they are born into the World Nor does this place prove that sins shall be forgiven in another world which are not forgiven in this And if some sins were to be forgiven in another World that would belong to God and men here upon earth have nothing to do to order the affairs of the World to come and are in ignorance as concerning the State and Condition of the greatest part of particular men tho' something may be known concerning a few And great arrogancy and vanity it is for men here to pretend to order the affairs of the World to come and another life Again saith our Saviour Matt. 5.25 26 Agree with thine Adversary quickly whilest thou art in the way with him lest at any time the adversary deliver thee to the judge and the judge deliver thee to the officer and thou be cast into prison Verily I say unto thee thou shalt by no means come out thence till thou hast paid the uttermost farthing Here our blessed Saviour doth exhort and persuade men to repent and amend their lives and to make satisfaction for all the Injuries and Wrongs that they have done to others while it may be done here in this World and lets them know that if they do not take this wise course to make satisfaction now they shall hereafter be dealt with with great rigor and severity like one that suffers the extremity of the Law and is not released from prison till he hath paid the uttermost farthing that was due from him These words till thou hast paid do not prove that such an one shall be released but are rather to be understood of lying in hell for ever But here is nothing like Purgatory and no proof that men shall be delivered from thence by Absolutions and Prayers and Masses c But this place instead of proving of Purgatory is a strong argument to prove that there is no such place For here we see that our Saviour doth exhort men to take such a course in due time that they may not be cast into prison and if they will be wise betimes and take care he sheweth that men may escape this prison and not come into it at all And when men are cast into this prison he doth plainly affirm that they cannot be discharged from thence by Absolutions nor be begged and bought out thence by Prayers and Masses c. Again we read of the Holy Jerusalem Rev. 21.27 That there shall in no wise enter into it any thing that defileth But this is no proof at all that men must be purged in Purgatory after death And the Word of God doth plainly teach us that we are to be purged and cleansed other ways We are cleansed and sanctified by Baptism by the Word and Spirit of God and by the blood of Christ and not by Purgatory after death 1 Cor. 6.11 But ye are washed saith St. Paul but ye are sanctified but ye are justified in the Name of our Lord Jesus Christ and by the Spirit of our God And saith our Saviour Joh. 15.3 Now ye are clean thro' the Word which I have spoken unto you And Ephes 5.25 saith the Apostle Even as Christ also loved the Church and gave himself for it That he might sanctify and cleanse it with the washing of water by the Word That he might present it to himself a glorious Church not having spot or wrinkle or any such thing but that it should be holy and without blemish And saith St. John 1 Joh. 1.7 But if we walk in the light as he is in the light we have fellowship one with another and the blood of Jesus Christ his Son cleanseth us from all sin Here we see how men are cleansed and purified and made fit to enter into the Holy Jerusalem And here we see that there is no need of Purgatory and that men are not cleansed and purified this way but that they are purified by the Ordinances of Christ by repentance and forsaking of their sins and evil ways by being baptized into the Christian Religion and living of holy and innocent lives according to the Doctrine and Commands thereof and by the precious blood of Christ and by the Holy Spirit of God These Texts of Scripture do plainly prove to us that there is no such place as Purgatory because there is no need of it and men are not cleansed and purified by it but are purified by other ways and means Nothing like Purgatory can be gathered from this place in the Revelation chap. 21. ver 27. Again saith St. Peter 1 Pet. 3.18 19 For Christ also hath once suffered for sins the just for the unjust that he might bring us to God being put to death in the flesh but quickned by the Spirit By which also he went and preached unto the spirits in prison And these Spirits the Papists would have to be in Purgatory and that Christ by his Spirit went to preach to them But this will prove nothing to their purpose For these are those sinful Wretches that were disobedient in the days of Noah and then it was that Christ preached to them by his Spirit in Noah and the righteous men in those days And thus saith St. Peter ver 19 By which also he went and preached unto the spirits in prison Which some time were disobedient when once the long-suffering of God waited in the days of Noah while the Ark was a preparing And while the long-suffering of God waited for their repentance in the days of Noah then it was that Christ preached to them by his
The Contrariety of POPERY TO THE Blessed Word of GOD Wherein may be seen that the DOCTRINE and PRACTICE OF THE Church of Rome Are not consistent with the SACRED ORACLES OF THE Old and New Testament Very fit now to be seriously minded by all Good PROTESTANTS when we have such Warnings of the Approach of Popery Written by DIGBY BULL M. A. and late Rector of Sheldon in Warwick-shire LONDON Printed for the Author and are to be Sold by J. Whitlock near Stationers-Hall 1695. I. The Fundamental Doctrine of the Romish Church That the blessed Apostle St. Peter was the Head and Governour of all the Apostles and of all the Church is not consistent with the sacred Scriptures but is flat contrary to them THIS grand Position of the Church of Rome whereupon all their pretended Power and Authority is built is altogether groundless and false and not consistent with the blessed Word of God as we may see by a multitude of places First We may see That the places of Scripture which are urged upon this account have no force at all to prove that St. Peter was the Universal Head and Governour of the Apostles and of the Church Great Matters are spoken of St. Peter but nothing at all that will prove this Matt. 16.18 Saith our blessed Lord to him Thou art Peter and upon this rock will I build my Church and the gates of Hell shall not prevail against it But this doth not prove that St. Peter was to be the sole Foundation of the Church and it is clear by other places of Scripture that this is not the meaning of this place For in this Similitude wherein the Church is compared to a Building Jesus Christ our blessed Lord is the sole and only Foundation and none can pretend to be a Foundation in such a high manner as he is so And this the Apostle St. Paul hath plainly taught us 1 Cor. 3.11 For other Foundation can no man lay than that is laid which is Jesus Christ Here when some were pretending to be of Paul and some of Apollos the Apostle doth positively affirm That Christ Jesus is the Foundation upon which the Christian Church was to be built and neither Paul nor Apollos nor Cephas or Peter are to stand in competition with him in this respect And when the Foundation is attributed to the Apostles they are mentioned together and Christ is called the chief Corner-stone Ephes 2.20 saith St. Paul And are built upon the Foundation of the Apostles and Prophets Jesus Christ himself being the chief Corner-stone And in St. John's holy Jerusalem the Apostles are all equally concerned Rev. 21.14 And the Wall of the City had twelve Foundations saith he and in them the names of the twelve Apostles of the Lamb. The Apostles we see are all concerned in the Foundation of the Christian Church and it was to be built upon them all as Ministers in this Spiritual Building and in respect of the Doctrine and Foundation of Christ which they laid and St. Peter alone is not the Foundation of the Christian Church And not only St. Peter but others also are mentioned as Pillars of the Church Gal. 2.9 saith St. Paul And when James Cephas and John who seemed to be pillars perceived the grace that was given unto me James and John here are accounted as Pillars of the Church as well as Cephas that is Peter It is plain we see that St. Peter was not appointed to be the sole Foundation of the Christian Church and that nothing can be fairly urged from these words of our Saviour to him to prove him to be the Universal Head of the Church Again our blessed Saviour promiseth to St. Peter the Keys of the Kingdom of Heaven and power of binding and loosing Mat. 16.19 And I will give unto thee saith he to Peter the keys of the Kingdom of Heaven and whatsoever thou shalt bind on earth shall be bound in heaven and whatsoever thou shalt loose on earth shall be loosed in heaven Here we see that very great Power indeed is promised to St. Peter but yet this doth not at all prove him to be the Universal Head over all the Church For this seems not to be an actual Grant of this Power but only a Promise and the actual conferring of this Power doth clear this matter That it was not granted to St. Peter alone but to all the Apostles This may be clearly seen by these places Matt. 18.18 Verily I say unto you saith our Lord whatsoever ye shall bind on earth shall be bound in heaven and whatsoever ye shall loose on earth shall be loosed in heaven Here the Power of Binding and Loosing the same Power that St. Peter was to have is as firmly ratified and confirmed to all the Apostles as it is to St. Peter and he could pretend to no Power above his fellow Apostles And after our Saviour's Resurrection immediately before his ascension to Heaven when he most solemnly invested the Apostles with this Power he equally gave it to them all Joh. 20.21 23. Then said Jesus to them again Peace be unto you As my Father hath sent me even so send I you And when he had said this he breathed on them and said unto them Receive ye the Holy Ghost Whose soever sins ye remit they are remitted unto them and whose soever sins ye retain they are retained Here we see this Power is actually and solemnly settled upon them all And the Commission is large bearing a correspondence with that which God the Father gave him As my Father hath sent me even so send I you in the plural number And the Commission is Universal Whos 's soever sins ye remit This great Power then we see plainly is actually settled upon them all and none hath a greater share of it than his Fellows And when St. Peter said unto our blessed Saviour in behalf of himself and his Fellows Matt. 19 27 28. Behold we have forsaken all and followed thee what shall we have therefore Our Saviour returned this answer And Jesus said unto them Verily I say unto you that ye which have followed me in the regeneration when the Son of man shall sit in the throne of his Glory ye also shall sit upon twelve thrones judging the twelve Tribes of Israel And saith he Luke 22.29 30 And I appoint unto you a Kingdom as my Father hath appointed unto me That ye may eat and drink at my Table in my Kingdom and sit on thrones judging the twelve Tribes of Israel Here we see that it is equally granted to them all to sit upon Thrones and to judge the twelve Tribes of Israel And these places are understood to respect the Power that they were to have to govern Christ's Church here upon Earth after his departure to Heaven It is clear then that our blessed Saviour gave and left St. Peter no more Power and Authority than he did the rest of the holy Apostles Again the Care of Christ's Flock is
recommended to St. Peter Joh. 21 15-17 Jesus saith to Simon Peter Simon Son of Jonas lovest thou me more than these He saith unto him ye Lord thou knowest that I love thee He saith unto him Feed my Lambs He saith to him again the second time Simon Son of Jonas lovest thou me He saith yea Lord thou knowest that I love thee He saith unto him Feed my Sheep And so a third time But this doth not prove that St. Peter had any Power and Authority granted him over the rest of the Apostles by our blessed Saviour And we may see that our blessed Saviour hath recommended the Care of his Church to all the Apostles and commanded them all to preach the Gospel and to baptize Matt. 28 18-20 And Jesus came and spake unto them saying All Power is given unto me in heaven and in earth Go ye therefore and teach all Nations baptizing them in the name of the Father and of the Son and of the Holy Ghost Teaching them to observe all things whatsoever I have commanded you Here our Saviour tells his Apostles that all Power was given him in Heaven and in Earth and therefore because he had received this full Power he sends them all forth with Power to preach and baptize and grants not this Commission to St. Peter alone And Mar. 16.15 And he said unto them Go ye into all the World and preach the Gospel to every Creature The same Commission we see is granted to them all indifferently without any manner of prelation And accordingly they all went about the execution of it ver 20 And they went forth and preached every where the Lord working with them And St. Paul tells us that the Gospel of the Uncircumcision that is of the Gentiles was committed unto him in like manner as the Gospel of the Circumcision that is of the Jews was committed to St. Peter Gal. 2.7 But contrarywise saith St. Paul when they saw that the Gospel of the Uncircumcision was committed unto me as the Gospel of the Circumcision was unto Peter And saith he in the following verse v. 8 For he that wrought effectually in Peter to the Apostleship of the Circumcision the same was mighty in me towards the Gentiles Thus we see that St. Paul had the same Commission to preach the Gospel to the Gentiles that St. Peter had to preach it to the Jews and that God wrought Wonders by him for the Conversion of the Gentiles as he did by St. Peter for the Conversion of the Jews which farther shews that the sole Care of the Church was not committed to St. Peter alone It is manifest then that by these words Feed my Lambs and feed my Sheep no Superiority and Authority is granted to St. Peter over the rest of the Apostles Again St. Peter seems sometimes to be the Mouth of the Apostles and the chief Speaker amongst them But this can argue no Superiority over them because St. James seems in a more eminent manner to do so than he And passeth Sentence in the whole Assembly of the Apostles and Elders when St. Peter himself also was present For in that remarkable Synod at Jerusalem when the Apostles and Elders came together to consider of this matter viz Whether it was needful that the Gentiles should be circumcised after the manner of Moses or not and after St. Peter had declared how God shewed his approbation of them by granting them the gift of the Holy Ghost St. James here seems to be the Chair-man and President of this Assembly and gives the definitive Sentence which was followed by them all Acts 15 13-20 And after they had held their peace James answered saying Men and Brethren hearken unto me Simeon hath declared how God at the first did visit the Gentiles to take out of them a People for his Name And to this agree the words of the Prophets Wherefore my sentence is That we trouble not them which from among the Gentiles are turned to God But that we write unto them that they abstain from pollutions of Idols and from fornication and from things strangled and from blood In this eminent manner doth St. James and not St. Peter pass Sentence in this Assembly of the Apostles and Elders And this we see is followed by them all ver 22-29 Then pleased it the Apostles and Elders with the whole Church to send chosen men of their own company to Antioch with Paul and Barnabas St. James was President here and chief Speaker in a more eminent manner than ever we read that St. Peter was and it may as fairly be argued that he was Superior in Authority as it may that St. Peter was so Again St. Peter is oft named first in the Catalogues of the Apostles in the Gospels But this can be no good argument to prove that he had a Superiority over them In all Catalogues some one must be named first and for his Age or because he was an active and forward man among the Apostles or for some such reason St. Peter may be first named But to shew that nothing of Superiority can be proved from hence we may see that St. Paul useth no such constant order Gal. 2.9 It is James Cephas and John where Cephas which is another name of Peter is set after James And 1 Cor. 1.12 he nameth Paul and Apollos before him And so 1 Cor. 3.22 This Priority of Order in the Gospels will prove nothing of Superiority that he had over them These are the chief places of Scripture that are urged to prove that St. Peter was the Head and Governor of the Apostles and had Authority over them But any impartial Reader may see that these places will prove nothing at all to this purpose parallel places shewing as much concerning the rest of the Apostles Secondly We may see by other places in the Gospels that St. Peter was not made the Head and Governor of all the Apostles and of all the Church and that none of them was to be such a Head and Governor of all the rest It was not St. Peter but St. John that was the beloved Disciple above the rest and whom our blessed Lord favoured most and admitted to a greater familiarity than the rest And if any was to have been set over the rest it may seem probable that our blessed Saviour would have bestowed that Honour and Dignity upon his beloved Disciple Joh. 21.7 That Disciple whom Jesus loved saith unto Peter And Joh. 13.23 24. Now there was leaning on Jesus bosom one of his Disciples whom Jesus loved Simon Peter therefore beckoned to him that he should ask who it should be of whom he spake St. John is the beloved Disciple as we may see by the end of his Gospel And St. Peter himself had recourse to him desiring him to ask our Lord concerning this matter when he was fearful to ask him himself And when our blessed Lord was upon the Cross he recommended his Mother to St. John's Care and not to
and Authority that he usurped or claimed over the rest of the Apostles Fourthly We may plainly see by the Acts of the Apostles and by the Epistles of St. Paul that St. Peter had no Power nor Authority over the rest of the Apostles When the Apostles at Jerusalem heard that Samaria had received the Gospel they sent Peter and John to them to confirm them therein and that they might receive the Holy Ghost Acts 8.14 Now when the Apostles which were at Jerusalem heard that Samaria had received the word of God they sent unto them Peter and John Here we see that St. Peter as well as St. John is sent by the Apostles to these new Converts at Samaria And herein they act as Ministers under the Apostles For as our Lord saith Joh. 13.16 He that is sent is not greater than he that sent him And hereby we see that St. Peter was not accounted their Superior no more than St. John The right hands of Fellowship were given to Paul and Barnabas by James and John and Peter himself too Gal. 2.9 And when James Cephas and John saith St. Paul who seemed to be pillars perceived the grace that was given unto me they gave to me and Barnabas the right hands of fellowship that we should go unto the Heathen and they unto the Circumcision Barnabas and Paul are not commanded by them as Ministers under them but taken into Fellowship with them and this is done by James and John as well as Peter and they are to take care of the Church of the Gentiles as the other were to take care of the Church of the Jews And this shews that St. Peter was not then accounted the Head of the Apostles And St. Paul we may see withstood St. Peter at Antioch Gal. 2.11 But when Peter was come to Antioch saith St. Paul I withstood him to the face because he was to be blamed And ver 14. But when I saw that they walked not uprightly according to the truth of the Gospel I said unto Peter before them all If thou being a Jew livest after the manner of Gentiles and not as do the Jews why compellest thou the Gentiles 〈◊〉 live as do the Jews St. Paul here shews that he knew of no Power and Superiority that St. Peter had over him and over the whole Church to be an Universal Head thereof Again St. Paul tells the Corinthians that he was in nothing behind the very chiefest Apostles 2 Cor. 11.5 For I suppose saith he I was not a whit behind the very chiefest Apostles And 2 Cor. 12.11 saith he For I ought to have been commended of you For in nothing am I behind the very chiefest Apostles St Paul doth here clearly prove to us that St. Peter had no Power and Authority over all the Apostles For he mentions the chiefest Apostles in the plural number which shews that St. Peter alone was not exalted above all the rest and he affirms that he himself was not their Inferior Again where St. Paul reckons up the Orders of Men that God had constituted and appointed in the Church he plainly shews that St. Peter was not the Head of the Apostles and placed in an Order above them For he shews that the Apostles in general are the first Order of Men in the Church 1 Cor. 12.28 And God hath set some in the Church saith he first Apostles secondarily Prophets thirdly Teachers And Ephes 4.11 saith he And he gave some Apostles and some Prophets and some Evangelists and some Pastors and Teachers For the perfecting of the Saints Apostles are the first that our blessed Saviour hath set and appointed in his Church as the Apostle here plainly shews and St. Peter was not set up as a Head above them all And we may see that St. Paul acted as wholly independent upon St. Peter He ordained Timothy Bishop of Ephesus and gave him Instructions and Commands how to carry himself and what Persons he should ordain 1 Tim. 3. And he gave him a solemn Charge to observe what he had written to him 1 Tim. 5.21 I charge thee saith thee before God and the Lord Jesus Christ and the elect Angels that thou observe these things without preferring one before another He gave him Instructions and Commands and this solemn Charge to obsrve them but here is no mention of any Power derived from St. Peter or any account to be rendred to him He also ordained Titus Bishop of Crete and gave him Instructions how he should carry and demean himself Tit. 1.5 For this cause saith he left I thee in Crete that thou shouldest set in order the things that are wanting and ordain Elders in every City as I had appointed thee Titus was to walk according to his Instructions and as St. Paul had appointed him and without any regard at all to St. Peter And St. Paul of himself without any Power or Direction from St. Peter gave Orders and Commands in all Churches where he came and planted the Gospel 1 Cor. 7.17 But as God hath distributed to every man saith he as the Lord hath called every one so let him walk and so ordain I in all Churches It is not St. Peter but St. Paul himself that doth thus ordain in all Churches And 1 Cor. 16.1 saith he Now concerning the Collection for the Saints as I have given order to the Churches of Galatia even so do ye And he sheweth that the Care of all the Churches lay upon him 2 Cor. 11.28 It is plain that St. Paul acted without any dependence upon St. Peter and that the Gospel of the Uncircumcision was committed unto him as the Gospel of the Circumcision was to St. Peter Gal. 2.7 In the Divisions at Corinth some affirmed themselves to be the Disciples of Paul and others of Apollos which shews that they knew nothing of St. Peter's being the Head over all the Church and had been instructed in no such point of Doctrine 1 Cor. 1.12 Now this I say that every one of you saith I am of Paul and I of Apollos and I of Cephas and I of Christ Is Christ divided was Paul crucified for you or were ye baptized in the Name of Paul And these Divisions St. Paul blamed and affirmeth that they were the Ministers of Christ and the Gospel and instructs them in no Supremacy of St. Peter's 1 Cor. 3.3 For ye are yet carnal saith he for whereas there is among you envying and strife and divisions are yet not carnal and walk as men Who then is Paul and who is Apollos but ministers by whom ye believed even as the Lord gave to every man By these and such places it is clear that St. Peter was not exalted above the rest of the Apostles and that this Position and Doctrine of the Church of Rome That St. Peter was the Head and Governor of all the Apostles and of all the Church is not consistent with the sacred Scriptures but directly contrary to them II. Their Position and Doctrine That the
any thing out of the sacred Oracles to countervail what is said of it Again we may see that it is an impossible thing for one spiritual Pastor to superintend and overlook the Affairs of the whole Church and to do it in such a Christian manner as it ought to be done There is no more likelihood that one Bishop should Rule and see to the whole Church than that one Temporal Prince should govern the whole World which hath never yet been done since it hath been overspread with Inhabitants It is altogether impossible for one Pastor to take Care of the Church that is scattered into the four quarters of the Earth and to administer Assistance to places a thousand or perhaps four or six thousand miles from him To such he can be nothing but an Inutile Pondus and hinder them of that speedier Help and Succour which otherwise they might have by having Pastors of their own that could act without waiting for his tedious Commissions And it is clear that particular and National Churches had Power to govern themselves without any dependance at all upon the Church of Rome The Epistles to the Corinthians do shew that they had Power to govern their own Church according to St. Paul's Direrections and Commands 1 Cor. 5.12 Do not ye judge them that are within saith the Apostle And by the Power of Christ were they to deliver over the Incestuous Person to Satan ver 4 5 In the Name of our Lord Jesus Christ saith St. Paul when ye are gathered together and my spirit with the Power of our Lord Jesus Christ To deliver such an one unto Satan for the destruction of the flesh that the spirit may be saved in the day of the Lord Jesus In this weighty Matter which was to be done in such a solemn manner there was no need of any Authority from St. Peter or Rome but they might act of themselves with the Power of Christ And saith the Apostle 1 Cor. 14.40 Let all things be done decently and in order By this Chapter and other places in his Epistles to the Corinthians we may clearly see that St. Paul doth give them full Power to govern and rule their own Church without any dependance at all upon Rome or any other Church And the Epistles to Timothy and Titus do plainly shew that they had Power to do so too And our Lord as I have shewed before hath expresly declared that no one of his Disciples should Lord it over the rest as the Kings of the Gentiles did Matt. 20.25 And this plainly shews that all the Pretences of the Roman Church of this kind are vain and groundless and not at all consistent with the Gospel of Christ But farther It is our Lord's Prerogative and Peculiar to be the Chief Shepherd and the Universal Head of all the Church and those that do assume such a Title invade his Prerogative and Right This the Apostles shews that our blessed Saviour Christ is the Supreme Head of the Church and the Chief Shepherd thereof Ephes 1.20 Which he wrought in Christ saith the Apostle when he raised him from the dead and set him at his own right hand in the heavenly places far above all Principality and Power And hath put all things under his feet and gave him to be the Head over all things to the Church which is his Body And saith he Ephes 5.23 For the husband is the head of the Wife even as Christ is the Head of the Church And again Col. 1.18 And he is the Head of the Body the Church who is the beginning the First-born from the dead that in all things he might have the preeminence And St. Peter sheweth that Christ is the Chief Shepherd 1 Pet. 5.4 And when the Chief Shepherd shall appear saith he ye shall receive a Crown of glory that fadeth not away And he tells the dispersed Jews to whom he wrote that they ought not to Lord it over God's Heritage ver 3. Neither as being Lords over God's heritage but being ensamples to the flock We see that no Bishops are to Domineer over the Church and that it is our Lord 's Right and Peculiar to be the Head and chief Shepherd of the Church and that no one ought to invade this Right and Prerogative of his And no one ought to be forward to give such Supremacy and Preeminence to any earthly Bishop and think it a light thing to do so Lastly Those that keep not the Doctrine of the Gospel pure and uncorrupt but fall to gross Errors and Heresies can be no true Governors of the Church at all much less the supreme Governors thereof This the sacred Scriptures plainly shew A Bishop must be blameless saith St. Paul Tit. 1 7-9 as the Steward of God Holding fast the faithful word as he hath been taught that he may be able by sound Doctrine both to exhort and to convince the gainsayers And such men as act flat contrary to the Gospel of Christ do make void their Authority Matt. 5.19 saith our blessed Saviour Whosoever therefore shall break one of these least Commandments and shall teach men so he shall be called the least in the Kingdom of Heaven And Joh. 15.6 If a man abide not in me he is cast forth as a branch and is withered and men gather them and cast them into the fire and they are burned No one must pretend to be a Pastor under our blessed Lord that doth not carefully observe his Doctrine and Commands but must then expect to be cast out like a withered branch that is to be cast into the fire and burned And St. Paul sheweth that an Apostle or an Angel that should pretend to come from Heaven which should preach contrary to the Doctrine of the Gospel is not to be heard and heeded but to be accounted accursed Gal. 1.8 But tho' we saith he or an Angel from Heaven preach any other Gospel unto you than that which we have preached unto you let him be Accursed As we said before so say I now again if any man preach any other Gospel unto you than that ye have received let him be accursed But it is plain by these Papers that Popery is another Gospel in that they make the Pope the supreme Head of the Church and allow him a Power to over-rule and disannul the sacred Commands of our blessed Lord at his own pleasure and to set up his own Commands in the room of them And how can the Bishops of Rome then that establish another Gospel and whom the Apostle here pronounceth accursed for so doing How can they I say be any Pastors at all of Christ's Church And what good Christian then that is zealous for our blessed Lord and his sacred Commandments can comply in such a sinful Religion as Popery is And saith St. John 2 Joh. 9 Whosoever transgresseth and abideth not in the doctrine of Christ hath not God If there come any unto you and bring not this Doctrine receive him not
they shall go to confusion together that are makers of Idols And saith God by the Prophet Habakkuk Habak 2.19 Wo unto him that saith unto the wood Awake to the dumb stone Arise it shall teach Such Woes and Curses and Confusion await the makers and worshippers of Images and such must they expect And to conclude this particular we may see that Idolaters are to be excluded and shut out of the Kingdom of Heaven and to have their portion in the Lake that burns with fire and brimstone And it is plain by the sacred Scriptures that the worshipping of Images is flat Idolatry And from hence it doth appear that all Image worshippers are like to be utterly excluded from the Kingdom of Heaven and to go to the Lake that burns with fire and brimstone This is plain that Idolaters are not like to inherit the Kingdom of Heaven 1 Cor. 6.9 Know ye not saith St. Paul that the unrighteous shall not inherit the Kingdom of God Be not deceived neither Fornicators nor Idolaters shall inherit the Kingdom of God And saith he again Gal. 5.19 Now the works of the flesh are manifest which are these adultery fornication uncleaness lasciviousness Idolatry of the which I tell you before as I have also told you in times past that they which do such things shall not inherit the Kingdom of God It is clear that all Idolaters are like to be shut out of the Kingdom of Heaven and to have their part in the Infernal Lake of fire Rev. 22.14 saith St. John Blessed are they that do his Commandments that they may have right to the tree of Life and may enter in thorow the gates into the City For without are dogs and sorcerers and whoremongers and murderers and Idolaters Those that keep and not those that so notoriously violate and break the Commands of God are the persons that are to inherit his blessed Kingdom And Rev. 21.8 saith St. John again But the fearful and unbelieving and the abominable and murderers and whoremongers and sorcerers and Idolaters and all lyars shall have their part in the Lake which burneth with fire and brimstone which is the second death We see that Idolaters must go to this dreadful place of fire and brimstone and it is clear that Image worshippers are great Idolaters and that they are like to go to this dreadful place of Torment It doth plainly appear that the worshipping of Images is flat contrary to the blessed Word of God in a multitude of places and that all the Pretences of the Papists that they worship Almighty God or our blessed Saviour or the Saints by them signifie nothing at all to excuse them from Idolatry and breaking the sacred Commands of Almighty God and that these Pretences are no more than what the old Idolaters both Jews and Heathens have made which are so much condemned in the Word of God and that all Image-worshippers are like to go to the dreadful Lake of fire and to perish to all Eternity This one Particular doth shew that there is no hope of Salvation for Papists so long as they practise such abominable Idolatry VI. Their worshipping of the Saints and Angels is not agreeable to the blessed Word of God This is the making of them Gods and is contrary to the first Commandment Exod. 20.3 Thou shalt have no other Gods before me The worshipping of Saints and Angels is to make them Gods and contrary to this great Commandment and many other places in the sacred Scriptures God hath declared that he will not give his Glory to another Isa 42.8 But by worshipping of the Saints they give it away And our Saviour hath shewed us that God alone is to be worshipped and served Matt. 4.10 Thou shalt worship the Lord thy God and him only shalt thou serve But in worshipping of Saints and Angels they go directly against this Precept and do not worship and serve him alone And St. Paul shews that the blessed Angels are not to be worshipped but that it is vanity of mind in such as attempt it Col. 2.18 Let no man domineer over you that is a volunteer in humility and worshipping of Angels intruding into those things which he hath not seen vainly puft up by his fleshly mind The Translation in the Bible differeth a little here but this seems to me to be the true meaning of the Greek here And here the Apostle dissuades us from being drawn away by others to the worshipping of Angels who thro' the vanity of their own mind run inconsiderately into such things as they understand not and for which they have no warrant And much less are we to be drawn then to the worshipping of Saints And we may see that the blessed Angel would by no means suffer St. John to worship him Rev. 19.10 And I fell at his feet to worship him saith St. John and he said unto me See thou do it not I am thy fellow servant and of thy brethren that have the testimony of Jesus worship God And Rev. 22.9 saith he And when I had heard and seen I fell down to worship before the feet of the Angel which shewed me these things Then saith he unto me See thou do it not for I am thy fellow servants and of thy brethren the Prophets and of them which keep the sayings of this book Worship God The blessed Angel would by no means be worshipped we see but sheweth that God only is to be worshipped and if the blessed Angels are not to be worshipped but God only we may be sure that the Saints are not to be worshipped And we are not to make Mediators of them for we are taught that there is but one Mediator between God and Man and that is our blessed Lord. 1 Tim. 2.5 For saith the Apostle there is one God and one Mediator between God and men the man Christ Jesus Our blessed Saviour alone is our Mediator and we are not to make Mediators of the Saints The worshipping of the Saints is the making of them petty Gods and the worshipping of them by Images is gross Idolatry and both are contrary to a multitude of places in the sacred Scriptures And by what hath been said before we may see that those that practise such things are like to perish eternally if they do not betake themselves to a speedy Repentance and Amendment of their sinful Practice herein VII Their Doctrine of Transubstantiation that is That the Bread and Wine in the Sacrament after Consecration are changed into the real Body and Blood of Christ our Saviour is not agreeable to the blessed Word of God St. Paul hath plainly taught us that it is Bread after Consecration and that it is still Bread when it is eaten 1 Cor. 11.26 27 28. For saith he as often as ye eat this Bread and drink this Cup ye do shew the Lord's death till he come Wherefore whosoever shall eat this bread and drink this cup of the Lord unworthily shall be guilty of the
he was expiring upon the Cross Luk. 23.46 And when Jesus had cried with a loud voice he said Father into thy hands I commend my spirit and having said thus he gave up the ghost He commended his spirit into the hands of God the Father and thither certainly it went And by this example of the Captain of our Salvation are we taught to do the like and to commend our souls at the hour of death into the hands of Almighty God and may be sure that all righteous mens souls go thither and not into Purgatory And St. Stephen commended his spirit to our blessed Lord. Acts 7.59 And they stoned Stephen calling upon God and saying Lord Jesus receive my spirit Into the hands of our blessed Lord did he commend his spirit and there is no doubt but that thither it went even to our blessed Lord where he saw him standing at the right hand of God ver 56 and not into any Purgatory And St. Paul concluded that he should be with Christ as soon as he was dead and Christ is at the right hand of God as the sacred Scriptures testifie 2 Cor. 5.8 We are confident I say saith he and willing rather to be absent from the body and to be present with the Lord. And Phil. 1.23 For I am in a strait betwixt two saith he having a desire to depart and to be with Christ which is far better He concluded that when he departed hence he should be with Christ And Christ is at the right hand of God as these places shew Rom. 8.34 Ephes 1.20 Col. 3.1 St Paul doth plainly shew that righteous men go to Heaven as soon as they dye and depart hence and that they go not to any such place as Purgatory And as for Elijah we are told that he went body and soul strait away to Heaven 2 King 2.11 And it came to pass as they still went on and talked that behold there appeared a chariot of fire and horses of fire and parted them both asunder and Elijah went up by a whirlwind into Heaven Here we plainly see that Elijah was carried strait away by this whirlwind into Heaven both body and soul and went not to be purified first in any Romish Purgatory We read also of Enoch that God took him Gen. 5.24 And this doth shew that God took him to himself and that he sent him not to any Romish Purgatoy And we may see that the Penitent Thief went immediatly into the Paradise of God Luk. 23.42 And he said unto Jesus Lord remember me when thou comest into thy Kingdom And Jesus said unto him verily I say unto thee to day shalt thou be with me in Paradise The Penitent Thief was immediately after his death to be with our blessed Lord and therefore not in any Purgatory but in the Paradise of Heaven a place of joy and happiness 2 Cor. 12.2 It is clear that righteous men immediately after death go to a place of joy and happiness and are not to be tormented in any Purgatory And as for the Wicked they are like to go to Hell a place of torment and misery and are not like to be released from thence at all This is shewed by the Parable of the Rich man that the Wicked immediately after death go to Hell and are like to abide there for ever Luk. 16.22 The rich man also died and was buried and in hell he lift up his eyes being in torments Here we see that he went presently to Hell a place of torments And he could obtain no ease nor comfort and no release from this place Ver. 24 And he cried and said Father Abraham have mercy on me and send Lazarus that he may dip the tip of his finger in water and cool my tongue for I am tormented in this flame But Abraham said Son remember that thou in thy life time receivedst thy good things and likewise Lazarus evil things but now he is comforted and thou art tormented And besides all this between us and you there is a great gulf fixed so that they which would pass from hence to you cannot neither can they pass to us that would come from thence Here it is plain that he could obtain no ease nor comfort and that this small request would not be granted him And by the Gulf here Abraham sheweth that it was not in his power to help and relieve him and that his condition was not to be altered And in the verses following he desireth that his Brethren at his Father's house might be warned to take care in time that they came not into this place of torment but he doth not desire that they or any persons else upon earth should pray for him For if it were not in Abraham's power to help him much less in theirs And it doth appear that the torments of Hell are everlasting and that there is no help for men when they are there Matt. 18.8 saith our Saviour Than having two hands or two feet to be cast into everlasting fire And Matt. 25.41 Depart from me ye cursed into everlasting fire And ver 46. And these shall go away into everlasting punishment And Mar. 9.43 Than having two hands to go into Hell into the fire that never shall be quenched where their worm dieth not and the fire is not quenched And Rev. 14 11. saith St. John And the smoak of their torment ascendeth up for ever and ever And they have no rest day nor night who worship the Beast and his Image And Rev. 20.10 And the Devil that deceived them was cast into the lake of fire and brimstone where the Beast and the false Prophet are and shall be tormented day and night for ever and ever By these and such places it doth appear that the Wicked are like to be tormented in Hell for ever and are not to be released from thence And that all Prayers and Masses and Papal Absolutions will signifie nothing at all to them and cannot deliver them from thence And now seeing all men are ranked under these two sorts of Righteous and Wicked seeing there are but two places and states to go to after death viz. Heaven and Hell seeing the Righteous after death upon their departure hence go into Heaven a place of joy and happiness and the Wicked go to Hell where they are to abide for ever and from whence they cannot be delivered It is from hence also manifest that there is no such place as the Romish Purgatory and that it is a meer fiction and sinful delusion It it clear that the Doctrine and Practice of the Romish Church concerning Purgatory are not agreeable to the sacred Scriptures and that a multitude of places therein do bear testimony against them XIII Their selling of Pardons and Indulgences for Money is not agreeable to the blessed Word of God The sacred Scriptures do shew that there is no Pardon to be had for mens sins except they repent of them and forsake them and become new and reformed men And
a wicked thing it is to pretend to pardon them before they are so Isa 55.7 saith the Prophet Let the wicked forsake his way and the unrighteous man his thoughts and let him return unto the Lord and he will have mercy upon him and to our God for he will abundantly pardon Upon this condition of repenting and forsaking of sin and returning to God he will pardon but not else And this God sheweth Ez. 18.21 But if the wicked will turn from all his sins that he hath committed and keep all my statutes and do that which is lawful and right he shall surely live he shall not dye And ver 24 But when the righteous turneth away from his righteousness and committeth iniquity and doth according to all the abominations that the wicked man doth shall he live all his righteousness that he hath done shall not be mentioned In his trespess that he hath trespassed and in his sin that he hath sinned in them shall he die Here we see ver 20 that the soul that sinneth must die and not be pardoned except he repent but upon repentance and amendment here is mercy and pardon to be had but not without it And saith our Saviour Luke 13.3 Except ye repent ye shall all likewise perish And Luk. 24.47 And that repentance and remission of sins should be preached in his Name among all Nations Repentance is to be preached to all as the condition of pardon and remission of sins And saith St. Peter to Simon Magnus Acts 8.22 Repent therefore of this thy wickedness and pray God if perhaps the thought of thine heart may be forgiven thee This was the way that St. Peter prescribed to have his sins forgiven viz. to repent and humbly to pray to God for pardon and forgiveness And he hath set us no example of selling of pardons but the quite contrary And he hath shewed us that Spiritual Gifts and Powers are not to be sold and bought for Money Ver. 18 And when Simon saw that thro' laying on of the Apostles hands the Holy Ghost was given he offered them money saying give me also this power that on whomsoever I lay hands he may receive the Holy Ghost But Peter said unto him thy money perish with thee because thou hast thought that the gift of God may be purchased with money The gifts of God are not to be bought with Money And from hence it doth appear that the Pardons of men's sins ought not to be sold for Money and that such Pardons are but miserable Deceits to the poor deluded Souls that buy them And saith our Saviour to his Apostles when he sent them forth Matt. 10.8 Heal the sick cleanse the lepers raise the dead cast out devils Freely ye have received freely give This is the Command of our blessed Lord that his gifts should be freely communicated to all persons that were capable of them and well qualified for them and not sold in such a covetous manner for sinful gain And saith St. Peter 1 Pet. 1.18 For as much as ye know that ye were not redeemed with corruptible things as silver and gold from your vain conversation But with the precious blood of Christ or of a lamb without blemish and without spot It is this Blood that hath redeemed us and this Blood and not silver and gold must procure us the pardon of our sins By these places without drawing a multitude more together here which might be alledged to this purpose it is plain that the Popish way of selling pardons is not at all agreeable to the sacred Scriptures but contrary to them XIV The Practice of the Romish Church in deposing and dethroning of Emperors Kings and Princes and turning them out of their Empires Kingdoms and Dominions and absolving their Subjects from their Oaths of Allegiance and from all Fidelity and Obedience to them is directly contrary to the Word of God This is very great wickedness to turn Princes out of all their Rights and Dominions and to tolerate Rebellion Perjury and Regicide and such black and bloody Crimes and to involve whole Kingdoms in dismal War and Blood This is not to act like a Servant of Christ the Prince of Peace to turn whole Kingdoms thus into Disorder and Confusion and to set men to kill and destroy one another and to command them to commit such wicked things as these and to violate the sacred Commands of God to the contrary The High Priests among the Jews were subject to their Kings and Princes and did not Lord it over them at this rate Aaron was subject to Moses tho' the younger Brother because he was the supreme Magistrate among them David and Solomon and the rest of the Kings of the Jews did Rule as Supreme Governors and the High Priests were subject and obedient to them And we read not that ever our blessed Lord and his Apostles did depose and dethrone any Kings and Emperors because they would not presently submit to them or gave any command that they should be deposed and removed upon any such account We cannot find that ever the blessed Jesus and his Apostles set such a wide gate open to sin and wickedness and gave men liberty to practise what Villanies they pleased against their Soveraign and the Lord 's Anointed tho' an unbeliever We cannot see that they have made Perjury and Murder lawful upon any account much less the murdering of a King But we may see that such practice is strictly forbid by the Gospel Our Saviour hath commanded that Caesar should have his dues Matt. 22.21 Render therefore unto Caesar saith he the things which are Caesar's and unto God the things which are God's Caesar was not to be dethroned but to have his Dues tho' a Heathen And the Apostles strictly enjoyn and command obedience to Kings and all supreme Governors Rom. 13.1 saith St. Paul Let every soul be subject unto the higher Powers for there is no Power but of God the Powers that be are ordained of God Whosoever therefore resisteth the Power resisteth the Ordinance of God and they that resist shall receive to themselves damnation And ver 5. Wherefore ye must needs be subject not only for wrath but also for conscience sake Here is a positive and strict Command that all men whatsoever should be subject to the supreme Power and no less than Damnation is threatned to them that resist and rise up against lawful Authority and Government And saith St. Peter 1 Pet. 2.13 Submit your selves to every Ordinance of man for the Lord's sake whether it be to the King as supreme or unto Governors as unto them that are sent by him To the King and Governors in all things that are good and lawful doth St. Peter command us to be subject and obedient And saith St. Paul to Titus 3.1 Put them in mind to be subject to Principalities and Powers to obey Magistrates to be ready to every good work By these and such places it doth plainly appear that all
he might have an opportunity of doing an act of mercy and kindness to him even at that time when he came to apprehend our Lord and to take him away to be crucified And he cured his ear again that no one might have any just cause to complain that any injury or wrong was done to him by Christ or his Disciples And when his Disciples would have called for fire to come down upon the Samaritans as Elias did because the Samaritans would not entertain them perceiving that they were Jews he rebuked them and told them that he was not come to destroy mens Lives but to save them Luk. 9.54 And when his disciples James and John saw this they said Lord wilt thou that we command fire to come down from Heaven and consume them even as Elias did But he turned and rebuked them and said ye know not what manner of spirit ye are of For the Son of man is not come to destroy mens lives but to save them And from hence it is plain that the Disciples of the blessed Jesus ought not to destroy mens lives but to do what they well can to save them Ananias indeed and Sapphira his Wife were stricken dead upon St. Peter's admonition of them Acts 5.1 But this seems to be done by the immediate power of God and St. Peter caused no violent hand to be laid upon them And this was for a very great Crime for lying to the Holy Ghost and to God And such sins against the Holy Ghost men are not now well capable of committing except God should now vouchsafe such evidence and demonstration of the Holy Spirit as was then which is not to be expected This place cannot be any encouragement at all now to Cruelty and Bloodshed Elymas for his wickedness was stricken blind upon St. Paul's words Acts 13.11 But this seems also to be done by the immediate power of God and it is probable that he had still time to repent and God might thus afflict him that he might be brought to repentance hereby if he would St. Paul ordered that the incostruous Person at Corinth should be delivered to Satan 1 Cor. 5.5 But this was for the destruction of the flesh that the spirit might be saved in the day of the Lord Jesus That by such chastisement he might be brought to repentance and so be saved He also delivered Hymeneus and Alexander to Satan 1 Tim. 1.20 But it was that they might learn not to blaspheme He ordered also that an heretick after the first and second admonition should be rejected Tit. 3.10 But gave Titus no command to put him to death And our blessed Saviour commanded his Apostles when he sent them forth to be harmless like Doves Matt. 10.16 Behold I send you forth as sheep in the midst of Wolves be ye therefore wise as serpents and harmless as doves Our blessed Lord and his Apostles practiced nothing like this bloody Cruelty and he commanded his Apostles the quite contrary and shews that he came into the World upon no such design but for a quite contrary end And the Gospel is full of Precepts commanding the highest charity and love and goodness that can be to all men even to our enemies Matt. 5.44 saith our Saviour But I say unto you Love your enemies bless them that curse you do good to them that hate you and pray for them which despightfully use you and persecute you That ye may be the Children of your Father which is in heaven for he maketh his sun to rise on the Evil and on the Good and sendeth rain on the just and on the unjust And to this purpose Luk. 6.27 This universal love and charity are we to exercise that we may be the Children of God and imitate his universal love and kindness and if we do not so we shall not approve our selves to be the true Children of God And saith St. Paul Rom. 12.14 Bless them which persecute you bless and curse not And ver 20 Therefore if thine Enemy hunger feed him if he thirst give him drink For in so doing thou shalt heap coals of fire on his head Be not overcome of evil but overcome evil with good And saith he Gal. 5.22 But the fruit of the Spirit is love joy peace long suffering gentleness goodness faith or faithfulness meekness temperance These are the works of the good Spirit of God and not Bloodshed and Cruelty And saith St. Peter 1 Pet. 1.22 See that ye love one another with a pure heart fervently And 1 Pet. 2.15 For so is the will of God that with well doing ye may put to silence the ignorance of foolish men This and not the Sword and Rack and Fire is the way that he prescribes to silence the ignorance of the foolish And 1 Pet. 4.8 And above all things saith he have fervent charity among your selves for charity shall cover the multitude of sins This fervent and universal love and charity doth the Gospel require And so far ought we to be from malice and cruelty towards others that we should rather be ready to lay down our own Lives for them when it is likely to be beneficial to them as St. John shews 1 Job 3.16 Hereby perceive we the love of God saith he because he laid down his life for us and we ought to lay down our lives for the brethren And so far is the Gospel of Christ from tolerating and giving any encouragement to such bloody Cruelty and merciless Practices that it flatly declares that Murderers shall not inherit the Kingdom of Heaven but that they are like to perish eternally and to go to their Father the Devil that was a Murderer from the beginning as our Saviour saith Joh. 8.44 That such are not to enter into the Kingdom of Heaven St. Paul shews Gal. 5.19 Now the works of the flesh are manifest saith he which are these Adultery fornication Envyings murders drunkenness revelling and such like of the which I tell you before as I have also told you in time past that they which do such things shall not inherit the Kingdom of God And saith St. John 1 Joh. 3.15 Whosoever hateth his brother is a murderer and ye know that no murderer hath eternal Life abiding in him For Envy and Hatred and Murder especially are men to be shut out of the Kingdom of Heaven And saith St. John Rev. 21.8 But the fearful and unbelieving and the abominable and murderers shall have their part in the Lake which burneth with fire and brimstone which is the second death Such bloody Murders and merciless Cruelties as are committed by the Romish Church are thus severely threatned in the Gospel and it Cries out aloud against them as directly contrary to it We are to lead holy and innocent Lives and to take great care that we do not cause the Christian Religion to be evil spoken of among Unbelievers Rom. 2.24 1 Tim. 6.1 Tit. 2.5 But such wicked and hellish Practices are the ready way to
St. Peter's Joh. 19 26 27. When Jesus therefore saw his Mother and the Disciple standing by whom he loved he said unto his Mother Woman behold thy Son Then said he to the Disciple behold thy Mother And from that hour that Disciple took her to his own home Here we see that our blessed Saviour recommended his dear Mother to the Care of St. John and not of St. Peter and yet it is highly probable that this Care would have been committed to him if he alone was to have been Christ's Vicar General This Care wherein our Saviour was concerned when he was expiring upon the Cross had been very fit to have been committed to him if his Power and Authority had been greater than the rest But yet St. Peter we see took not the Care of her nor was he intrusted with it In matters of Trespass and Wrong our blessed Saviour orders that an offended and injured Brother should go and admonish the offending Brother alone And if that would not do that he should take with him one or two more to convince him of his fault And if this proved ineffectual that he should then tell it to the Church that they might judge of it but orders no appeal to St. Peter in this case Matt. 18.15 If thy brother shall trespass against thee go and tell him his fault between thee and him alone If he shall hear thee thou hast gained thy brother But if he will not hear thee then take with thee one or two more that in the mouth of two or three witnesses every word may be established And if he shall neglect to hear them tell it unto the Church But if he neglect to hear the Church let him be unto thee as an Heathen man and a Publican Here in Matters of Injury and Wrong the last Appeal that our blessed Saviour orders is to the Church And if an offending Brother will not hear the Church we are to have no more to do with such And if our Saviour had left a Supreme Power with St. Peter and constituted him the sole Determiner of all Controversies and Matters in debate he sure would have ordered that Appeal at last should have been made to him that he might have put an end to the Matter in dispute and might have quieted men's minds But here is no such thing and yet our blessed Saviour had great occasion here to mention St. Peter's supreme Power and Authority if he had granted him any such thing which clears the matter more that St. Peter was not at all before the rest in Authority and Power And immediatly upon this our blessed Saviour subjoins these words Whatsoever ye shall bind on earth shall be bound in Heaven v. 18. Again our blessed Lord hath sufficiently shewed that no one of his Disciples was to exalt himself above the rest and to Domineer and Lord it over them He forewarned them that they should not be called Rabbi because they were all Brethren and of an equal Rank and Order Matt. 23.8 But be not ye called Rabbi saith our Lord to them for one is your Master even Christ and ye are all brethren And when there was a strife among them which of them should be the greatest our Saviour expresly tells them that it should not be so amongst them as it was among the Gentile Kings that one of them should exercise Lordship and Dominion over the rest Luk. 22.24 And there was also a strife among them which of them should be accounted the greatest And he said unto them The Kings of the Gentiles exercise Lordship over them and they that exercise authority upon them are called benefactors But ye shall not be so but he that is greatest among you let him be as the younger and he that is chief as he that doth serve Here we see that there was a strife among them which of them should be the greatest and this shews that our Saviour had exalted none of them above his Fellows For if he had done so this Dispute would have ceased and they would have all acquiesced and sat down contented with what their Lord and Master had done and have accounted St. Peter the chief if our Saviour had made him so But our Saviour having determined nothing in this matter they fall to strife about it And at this time he grants no Pre-eminence to St. Peter above the rest which sure he would have done if he had intended that St. Peter should have been the Head of them all But instead of this he expresly tells them that no one of them should Lord it over the rest as the Gentile Kings exercised Lordship over the Gentiles It is plain then That our blessed Saviour granted to St. Peter no Superiority and Authority over the rest of the Apostles Thirdly We find no footsteps of any Superiority and Power over the rest of the Apostles that ever St. Peter claimed or pretended to He arrogated no such Supreme Authority over the rest but shews a more humble Mind as it became a Disciple and an Apostle of such a Master of Humility and Condescension as our blessed Saviour was He stiles himself a Servant and an Apostle of Jesus Christ in his Epistles and gives himself no Title of Superiority 1 Pet. 1.1 Peter an Apostle of Jesus Christ to the strangers And 2 Pet. 1.1 Simon Peter a Servant and an Apostle of Jesus Christ He exhorts the Elders to feed the Flock of God among them and saith that he also is an Elder assuming no other Title to himself but what he gave them 1 Pet. 5.1 The Elders which are among you I exhort who am also an Elder and a witness of the sufferings of Christ He joins himself with the rest of the Apostles and saith the Commandment of us the Apostles and asserts no Authority of his above theirs 2 Pet. 3.2 That ye may be mindful of the words which were spoken before by the holy Prophets and of the commandment of us the Apostles of the Lord and Saviour He pretends here no more but to be of the same level with the rest of the Apostles and assumeth no Authority above them He disswadeth the Elders from Lording it over God's heritage 1 Pet. 5.2 Feed the flock of God saith he which is among you taking the oversight thereof not by constraint but willingly not for filthy lucre but of a ready mind Neither as being Lords over God's heritage but being ensamples to the flock From filthy Lucre and Lording it over the Flock he dissuades them and we may be sure that he set them no ill Example herein He affirmeth our blessed Saviour to be the chief Shepherd and enforceth his Exhortation by the Crown that they should receive from him and doth not urge any supreme Authority of his own v. 4. And when the chief Shepherd shall appear saith he ye shall receive a Crown of Glory that fadeth not away Such is his carriage and demeanor and there is no appearance of any Superiority
the coming of the Lord shall not prevent them which are asleep For the Lord himself shall descend from Heaven with a shout with the voice of the Archangel and with the trump of God and the dead in Christ shall rise first Then we which are alive and remain shall be caught up together with them in the clouds to meet the Lord in the air and so shall we ever be with the Lord. The last generation of men shall be changed and so go strait away to meet the Lord and to Judgment and the righteous of them are then to abide with the Lord for ever and they go not to any Romish Purgatory And they prove to us that there is no necessity of any such place and that in truth and reality there is no such place at all 3. We may see that it is not our duty to pray for the dead and that our Prayers in such cases are like to avail nothing and therefore that Prayers and Masses and Absolutions for the dead are altogether vain We have no Example in the Word of God for any such practice and we may see by David's Example that we are not to pray for the dead 2 Sam. 12.23 But now he is dead saith he wherefore should I fast I shall go to him but he shall not return to me Here we see that David ceased from all religious duties upon the account of the Child as soon as he knew that he was dead and concluded that it was now to no purpose for him to Pray and Fast for it any more And saith St. Paul 1 Thess 4.13 But I would not have you ignorant brethren concerning them which are asleep that ye sorrow not even as others which have no hope For if we believe that Jesus died and rose again even so them also which sleep in Jesus will God bring with him The Apostle here forbiddeth immoderate sorrow for the dead and sheweth that good men do sleep and rest in Christ and shall be raised up again But here is not a word of Purgatory or of praying and saying Masses for the dead where the Apostle speaketh of the concerns of the dead And the Scriptures do shew that Prayers and Masses and Absolutions cannot profit the dead Psal 49.7 saith the Psalmist None of them can by any means redeem his brother nor give to God a ransom for him For the redemption of their soul is precious and it ceaseth for ever That he should live for ever and not see corruption And saith God Ez. 14.14 Tho' these three men Noah Daniel and Job were in it they should deliver but their own souls by their righteousness saith the Lord God By these places we may see that it is very great Vanity to pretend to deliver the Souls of men in another World seeing such pious and holy men and such favourites of God were not able to effect any such deliverance in this World And the Apostle tells us plainly That every one shall bear his own burden Gal. 6.5 But to be delivered by the Services of others is not to bear ones own burden We may see that Prayers and Masses and Absolutions for the dead are very vain and that it is not our duty to pray for them 4. We may see that all men are reduced to two sorts viz. the Righteous and the Wicked That there are but two ways for them to go to happiness and to misery That the Righteous enter into a state of happiness upon their departure hence and go not into torment and punishment and that the Wicked enter into a state of misery and are never like to be released out of it And therefore that there is no such place as Purgatory where men shall be tormented for a time and afterwards released from it The sacred Scriptures do all along rank men into these two sorts of Righteous and Wicked tho' sometimes by other names as the Evil and the Good the Just and the Unjust the Saints and the Sinners the Children of God and the Children of the wicked One Believers and Infidels c. Under these two sorts doth our blessed Lord comprehend all men Matt. 5.45 That ye may be the Children of your Father which is in Heaven For he maketh his sun to rise on the Evil and on the Good and sendeth rain on the Just and on the Unjust that is upon all men And so Matt. 13.49 and 25.33 We may see also that there are but two States of Life which men are to enter into after death the one of joy and happiness the other of sorrow and misery Matth. 7.13 saith our Lord Enter ye in at the strait gate for wide is the gate and broad is the way which leadeth to destruction and many there be which go in there at Because strait is the gate and narrow is the way which leadeth unto life and few there be that find it And Matt. 18.8 Wherefore if thy hand or thy foot offend thee cut them off and cast them from thee It is better for thee to enter into life halt or maimed rather than having two hands or two feet to be cast into everlasting fire And to this effect Mar. 9.43 And again Matt. 25.21 46. In all these and the like places we see that there are only two places and States for men to enter into after death the one of joy and happiness the other of torment and misery and that all men are like to enter into one of these two States of Life and that there is no third State and Condition for them to enter into Again we may see that the Righteous and just after their departure hence do enter into a State of Joy and Happiness and therefore that they are not tormented in Purgatory They enter then into rest as I have shewed before and therefore not into Purgatory And of Lazarus in the parable it is said that he was carried presently after death into Abraham's bosom Luk. 16.22 And it came to pass that the beggar dyed and was carried by the Angels into Abraham's bosom And we may be sure that Abraham the Friend of God is not in Purgatory and torments And this place sheweth as much because the rich man went to a quite different state to hell and torments and Lazarus's condition is opposed to his and he is said to be comforted and therefore certainly not in misery and torments ver 25. But Abraham said Son remember that thou in thy life time receivedst thy good things and likewise Lazarus evil things but now he is comforted and thou art tormented Here we see in this parable that Lazarus was carried strait away after death into Abraham's bosom into a place of comfort and joy and that he went not into any such place as Purgatory And hereby are we instructed that all righteous men shall be conveyed as soon as they are dead to a place of comfort and joy And our blessed Lord commended his spirit into the hands of God the Father when