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A16718 Enquiries touching the diuersity of languages, and religions through the cheife parts of the world. Written by Edw. Brerewood lately professor of astronomy in Gresham Colledge in London Brerewood, Edward, 1565?-1613.; Brerewood, Robert, Sir, 1588-1654. 1614 (1614) STC 3618; ESTC S106411 137,209 224

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Faith through Christ and the nature of a liuely faith repentance regeneration and sanctification the difference betweene the Law and the Gospell touching freewill sinne and good works the Sacraments their number and vse the notes of the Church the diuine authority of Magistrates the resurrection and state of soules after death And for the cheefe point of difference which is conceiued to be betweene the professors of the Gospell about the presence of Christ in the sacred Eucharist such as are parties in this contention ingenuously confesse that de reipsa touching the thing it selfe there is no oppositiō but only we varie in some ordinances and circumstances of the thing We agree reipsa in the matter it selfe although we differ according to the diuersity of Gods gifts in expressing aptly and cleerely what we conceiue concerning this matter We all acknowledge that the holy Symboles or signes are not inanes significationes barely significatiue but what by diuine institution they represent and testifie vnto our soules is as truly and certainly deliuered vnto vs from God as the symboles themselues But the question is whether as the signe with the thing signified is presēt in respect of our body and not rather in regard of our well receiuing it by faith Moreouer whether as both the signe and thing signified are exhibited to all so all receiue both some to life others to their perdition So that wee all beleeue the true communication of the true body and bloud of our Lord Iesus Christ onely concerning the manner of communication is the controuersie But who can rightlie iudge that for this the sacred vnion and fellowship of Churches is to be dissolued There being so excellent a foundation and firm ground-worke of vnity betweene the Protestants how worthy a worke would it be for Christian Princes to imitate the professors of the Gospell in the kingdome of Polonia and by a generall Assembly of moderate and vnpartiall Iudges and sensible of the bleeding wounds religion receiueth by sects and discords make vp the ruines and breaches of Churches caused hitherto through priuate contention to sement them together if it shall please God out of the riches of his mercy to prosper their heroicall and religious endeauours with an euerlasting bond of concord There were neuer greater hopes of the successe of so noble and ●ncomparable a worke then in this age which hath affoorided vs the blessing of our most gratious Soueraigne so religiously studious of publicke peace and so exquisitelie enabled with many rare endowments to promote so pious and renowned an action In the meane time if any in these priuate distractions concerning matters of Religion excited by the malice of Sathan and his wretched instruments shall doubt which way to take let him folow the graue diuine instructions of that excellent light of the Church S. Augustine who first exhorteth vs not to busie our selues ouermuch in enquiring after those things quae nihil certi habent in Scriptura which haue no firme footing in the Scriptures but in receiuing or reiecting them to follow the custome practise of particular Churches wherein we liue otherwise saith a Epist. 86. he If we will dispute of these things contend one with another orietur interminata luctatio there will hence arise an endlesse strife And his second admonition is that for the establishing of our consciences in points of faith necessary to obtaine eternall life we would follow our blessed Sauiours commandement Search the Scriptures Why b In Psal. 21. saith this deuout and learned Father speaking to contentious Christians doe we striue we are brethren Our Father hath not dyed intestate he hath made his last wil he is dead risen againe There is contention still about an inheritance as long as the Testament is not made knowne but when it is published in judgement all are silent to heare it The Iudge attentiuely listneth vnto it the Aduocats hold their peace the cryers command silence the whole multitude present stand in a suspence that the words of a dead man lying in his graue without sense and life may be rehearsed Are the words of a dead man interred so powerfull aualeable and shall the Testament of Christ sitting in heauen be impugned Open it let vs read we are brethren why do we striue Our father hath not left vs destitute of his last wil he that made it liueth for euer he heareth our voice acknowledgeth his owne voice Let vs reade why contend we Hauing found the inheritance let vs lay hold of it aperi lege open and read OF THE ANCIENT LARGENES of the Greeke tongue CHAP. 1. GREECE as it was ancientlie knowen by the name of Hellas was inclosed betwixt the Bay of Ambracia with the riuer Arachthus that falleth into it on the West and the riuer Peneneus on the North Strabo l. 8. nō longè a principio the Sea on other parts So that Acarnania and Thessalie were toward the Continēt the vtmost regions of Greece But yet not the Countreys onely contained within those limits but also the kingdomes of Macedon and Epirus being the next adioyning prouinces Macedon toward the North Epirus toward the West had aunciently the Greeke tongue for their vulgare language for although it belonged originally to Hellas alone yet in time it became vulgare to these also Secondly it was the language of all the Isles in the Aegaean sea of all those Ilands I say that are betwixt Greece and Asia both of the many small ones that lie between Candie and Negropont named Cyclades there are of them 53. and of all aboue Negropont also as farre as the Strait of Constantinople Thirdly of the Isles of Candie Scarpanto Rhodes and a part of Cyprus and of all the small Islands along the coast of Asia from Candie to Syria Fourthly not only of al the West part of Asia the lesse now called Anatolia and corruptly Natolia lying toward the Aegaean sea as being verie thicke planted with Greeke Colonies Sen●e Cōsol ad Helu c. 6. Pl●n l. 5. c. 29. Isocrat in Panegiric long post med Lucian in Dialog de Amorib nō longè ab Init. of which some one Miletus by name is registred by Seneca to haue bene the mother of 75. by Plinie of 80. Cittyes But on the North side also toward the Euxine sea as farre saith Isocrates as Sinope and on the South side respecting Afrique as farre saith Lucian as the Chelidonian Isles which are ouer against the cōfines of Lycia with Pamphylia And yet although within these limits onely Greeke was generally spoken on the Maritime coast of Asia yet beyond them on both the shoares Eastward were many Greeke Cities though not without Barbarous Cities among them And specially I find the North coast of Asia euen as farre as Trebizond to haue bin exceedingly well stored with them But it may be further obserued likewise out of histories that not onely al the maritime part of
Canaanite Math. 15.22 is in Marke called a Syrophoenician Marc. 7.26 2. Where mētion is made in Iosua Ios. 5.1 of the Kings of Canaan they are in the Septuagints translation named 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 3. To put it out of questiō All that coast from Sidon to Azzah that was Gaza neere to Gerar is registred by * Gen. 10.19 Moses to haue beene possessed by the posterity of Chanaan Of which coast the more northren part aboue the promontory of Carmell or rather from the riuer Chorseus Kison the Iewes called it that nere the promontory of Carmel Strab. l. 16. nō long ante med Plin. l. 5. c. 12. Pt●lem Tab. 4. A●ae Dionys Alex. in Periegesi entreth the sea to the city of Orthosia aboue Sidon northward is by Strabo Plinie Ptolomy and others referred to Phoenicia although Strabo extend that name along all the maritime coast of Palestina also to the confines of Aegypt as Dionysius Periegetes also doth placing Ioppa and Gaza and Elath in Phoenicia which very tract to haue bin the seuerall possessions of Zidon and Cheth Girgashi and Harki and Aruadi and Chamathi sixe of the eleuen sonnes of Canaan the other fiue inhabiting more to the south in Palestina they that are skilful in the ancient Chorography of the Holy land cannot be ignorant Seeing therefore out of this part of the land of Canaan for in this part Tyrus was the Carthaginians and other colonies of the Phaenicians in Afrique came it is out of all doubt that they were of the Chananites progenie August expos ●●●hoat epist. ad Roman in med and for such in very deede and no other they reputed and professed themselues to be for as Austine hath left recorded who was borne liued among them the country people of the Puniques when they were asked touching themselues what they were they would make answere that they were Channai meaning as Austine himselfe doth interprete them Canaanites Certaine therefore it is that the natiue Punique langauge was not the Chanaanitish tongue but that I added for explication this clause or the olde Hebrew meaning by the olde Hebrew that which was vulgarly spoken among the Iewes before the captiuity you will perhaps suspect my credite and bee offended for I am not ignorant how superstitiously Diuines for the most part are affected toward the Hebrew tongue yet when I had set downe the Africans language to haue beene the Canaanitish tongue I thought good to adde for plainesse sake or the old Hebrew because J take them indeede to be the very same language and that Abraham and his posterity brought it not out of Chaldaea but learned it in the land of Chanaan Neither is this opinion of mine a meere paradox and fantasie but I haue * Postel lib. de Phoenic lit c. 2. §. 5. Arias Monta. L. Chanaan ca. 9. G●●ebrard l. 1. Chron. an D●lunij 131 Scal●● ●d se● in di●t ●●rte in ep ●d V. ●ert●e ad Tomson three or foure of the best skilled in the language and antiquities of that nation that the later times could afford of the same minde And certainly by * Isa. 19.18 Isaiah it is called in direct termes the language of Chanaan And it is moreouer manifest that the names of the places and cities of Chanaan the olde names I meane by which they were called before the Israelites dwelt in them as is to be seene in the whole course of the books of Moses and of Ioshuah were Hebrew names touching which point although I could produce other forceable reasons such as might except my fantasie delude me vex the best wit in the world to giue them iust solution yet I will adde no more both to auoide prolixity and because I shall haue in another place fitter occasion But to speake particularly of the Punique tongue which hath brought vs into this discourse and which I proued before to be the Canaanitish language it is not only * Augu. in ser. 35. de verb. Dom. in Euāgel sec. Lucā in one place pronounced by Augustine who knew it well no man better to haue neer affinitie with the Hebrew tong which also the * As in the Punique tongue Salus three Augustin in expos inchoat epist. ad Roman Heb. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Edom bloud Enar. Psalm 136. Heb. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Mamon lucre De Sermon Dom. in Mont. l. 2. c. 14. Heb. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Bal. the Lord. Quaest. in Iudie cap. 16. Hebr. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Samen Heauen Ibid. Heb. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Messe to annoint Tract 15. in Ioan. Heb. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Alma a Virgine Hieron in c. 7. Isai. Heb. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Gadir a fence or wall Plinie l. 4. c. 22. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 and some other that diligence might obserue Punick words dispearsed in the writings of Augustine and of others as many as come to my remembrance proue to be true But more effectually in * Aug l. 2 cōt litter Petiliani ●ap 104. an other place to agree with it in very many yea almost in euerie worde Which speech seeing they could in no sort haue from the Israelites being not of Abrahams posterity both because no such transmigration of them is remembred in the holy histories and for that the Punique colonies are specially mentioned to haue beene deduced from Tyre which neuer came into the possession of the Israelites but from the Canaanites whose of-spring they were It followeth therupon that the language of the Canaanites was either the very same or exceeding neere the Hebrew And certainely touching the difference that was betweene the Hebrew and the Punique I make no doubt but the great distance from their primitiue habitation and their conuersation with strangers among whom they were planted and together with both the length of time which is wont to bring alteration to all the languages in the world were the causes of it And although that Punique speech in Plautus which is the onely continued speech of that language Plau● i● P●e nulo Act. 6. that to my knowledge remaineth extant in any Author haue no such great conuenience with the Hebrew tongue yet I assure my selfe the faults corruptions that haue crept into it by many transcriptions to haue beene the cause of so great difference by reason whereof it is much changed from what at the first it was when Plautus writ it about 1800. yeares agoe And specially because in transcribing thereof there would be so much the lesse care taken as the language was lesse vnderstood by the writers and by the readers and so the escapes lesse subiect to obseruation and controlement Of the largenesse of the Slauonish Turkish and Arabique languages CHAP. VIII MAny are the nations that haue for their vulgar language the Slauonish tongue in Europe some in Asia Among which the principall in Europe are the Slauonians themselues inhabiting Dalmatia Liburnia the West