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A01638 A golden chaine of divine aphorismes written by John Gerhard Doctor of Divinitie and superintendent of Heldburg. Translated by Ralph Winterton fellow of Kings Colledge in Cambridge; Loci communes theologici. English Gerhard, Johann, 1582-1637.; Winterton, Ralph, 1600-1636.; Cecil, Thomas, fl. 1630, engraver. 1632 (1632) STC 11769; ESTC S103039 111,208 568

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Heavenly is the Body Bloud of our Lord. Iren. Libr. 4. Cap. 34. 12 That which we see is the Bread and the Cup as our eyes declare unto us but the Bread and Wine which we are to look up unto with the eye of Faith is the Body and Bloud of Christ. These therefore are called Sacraments because in them one thing is s●ene and another understood That which is seen hath a Corporeall species or bodily shew but that which is understood hath a Spirituall fruit August Serm. ad Neoph. Bed in 1 Cor. 10. 13 Because therefore Bread and Wine are by Christs own Institution ordained and appointed for this Sacrament Neither of these Elements are to be changed for any other which may have some resemblance with them 14 Nothing can be better here nothing more holy nothing more safe then for us to be content with Christs authoritie alone 15 But as concerning the Bread whether it be Long or Round Great or Small and as concerning the Wine whether it be Red or White It matters nothing to the integritie or Perfection of the Sacrament inasmuchas it detracts nothing from the Institution of the Sacrament 16 The Nicene Canon we exceedingly approve We take not much but little that we may know that these things are not taken for Satietie but for Sanctitie 17 In like manner whether the Bread be Leavened or Vnleavened we think it not much materiall neither do we like of that wrangling and jangling about the Bread which was of old so frequent in the Greek and Latine Churches 18 But yet we following the custome of the Church do use Bread Vnleavened for the example of Christ and many good lessons not to be contemned which the Unleavened Bread doth afford 19 To mingle water with the Wine in the Eucharist we hold it not necessarie forasmuchas there is expresse mention made onely of the Fruit of the vine Matth. 26.29 20 But this we hold necessarie That not onely the Bread but the Wine also is to be distributed to all those that come with reverence to this venerable Sacrament 21 Either let them receive the Sacrament in both kinds or in neither For there can be no division of one and the same mysterie without grand Sacriledge 22 Eating and drinking i● distinctly instituted and ordained by that wisdom unto which all humane wisdome concerning the inseparabilitie of the Living Bloud from the Living Flesh must give place For here we are not to dispute out of humane reason but we are to look unto the will of Christ who instituted no imperfect Feast but with the meat added drink also Andr. Fric 4. de Rei● emend Cap. 19. 23 What God hath joyned together let no man put asunder Matt. 19.6 24 We do not dislike searching out divers Analogies or Resemblances between the Bread and the Body of Christ and between the Wine and the Bloud of Chrst but we must beware that we place not therein all the Sacramentall Office of the Bread and Wine in the Eucharist 25 For herein doth that consist That the Bread in the Eucharist be the Communion of the Body of Christ and the Cup of Blessing the Communion of the Bloud of Christ. 1. Cor. 10.16 26 We hold no Locall Inclosing of the Body into the Bread or the Bloud into the Wine nor any Impanation or Incorporating into Bread nor any naturall Inexistence nor any Delitescence concealement or lying-hid of the Body under the Bread nor any Penetration of two Bodies nor any Capernaïticall Creophagie or eating of flesh which the Capernaïtes did hold 27 For all these are but the dreams of humane Reason being too curious to enquire into the manner of the Sacramentall presence and they proceed for the most part from a lust and desire to calumniate 28 But this we hold according to the Apostle That the Bread in the Eucharist is the Communion of the Body of Christ and the Wine the Communion of the Bloud of Christ. 29 The Forme of this Sacrament consists in the Blessing of the Bread and Wine and in the Distributing of the Bread and Wine so blessed and in the Eating and Drinking of the Bread and Wine so distributed 30 This Sacramentall Blessing consists not in any Magicall conversion of the Bread into the Body of Christ and the Wine into his Bloud by any vertue lying hid in the words 31 But it is a sacred efficacious destinating or setting apart of the externall elements to a Sacramentall use which is therefore called Consecration 32 When the Minister therefore of the Church following the institution of Christ the example of his Apostles concerning which speaketh Gregorie Lib. 1. Cap. 63. in Registro and Platina in the life of Sixtus the first and many others when the Minister I say doth repeate the words of institution saying first over the Lords Prayer we must not in any case thinke that it is a meer Historicall reading of the Text. 33 For First The Minister doth testifie that he neither doth nor hath any will to do any thing according to his own will and pleasure or in his own name but that as the lawfull Steward of the Mysteries of God he doth exequute his function in performing this sacred and solemne action in the name of Christ. 34 Secondly He doth by this meanes set apart the Bread and Wine for an Holy use that afterwards they are no more meere Bread and Wine but the Sacraments of the Body and Bloud of Christ. 35 Thirdly He doth earnestly pray that Christ would be mindfull of his promise and vouchsafe to be present at the Sacramentall action and distribute both his Body and Bloud together with the externall Elements or the Bread and Wine 36 Last of all He doth testifie that by vertue of the Lords institution and promise the Bread in the Eucharist is the Communion of the Body and the Cup of Blessing the Communion of the Bloud of Christ and further doth admonish all those that intend to receive the Sacrament to remember that they are Christs Guests to rely on his words with true Faith to come with due preparation that so they may receive it unto their salvation 37 But thus much we must know That the Scripture doth not in any place say that by consecration or blessing the Bread is turned into the Body and the Wine into the Bloud of Christ. Yea the Scripture is expressely against it 38 And Transubstantiation a thing barbarous both for Name and Nature gathers little strength from the Disputation of some of our moderne writers who thus expound it That the Body of Christ is made of the Bread not as of the Matter as it was made of the flesh of the Virgin Marie but as from a Terme à Qu● or from whence as Heaven was made of Nothing the Night is made of the Day and the Wine was made of Water 39 For besides that they digresse from the opinion of their predecessors for they held the Essentiall conversion of
and examine themselves 70 This true examination consisteth in the earnest acknowledgement of sinnes and detestation of the same in true faith in Christ and a stedfast purpose and resolution of amendment of life 71 He that eateth and drinketh unworthily eateth and drinketh damnation to himself not discerning the Lords body 1. Cor. 11.29 72 For whosoever shall eat this bread which is the communion of the body of Christ. 1. Cor. 10.16 and drink this cup of the Lord which is the communion of the bloud of Christ. 1. Cor. 10 16. unworthily shall be guilty of the body and bloud of the Lord. 1. Cor. 11.27 73 Therefore as concerning the integritie and perfection of the Sacrament it matters not with what faith a man comes to receive it but as ●oncerning the fruit and benefit of it surely it matters very much Aug. 3. contr Donat. cap. 14. 74 Concerning the time place and other circumstances of the Holy Supper if we be asked the question Our answer is according to the counsell of the Apostle Let all things be done decently and in order 1. Cor. 14.40 75 God graunt that our bodies which are fed with the body and bloud of Christ may at the last day be raised up unto everlasting life Iren. lib. 4. adv b●r c. 34. Amen CHAP. XIX Wherein are contained Theologicall Aphorismes concerning the CHURCH 1 BY the Word the Sacraments the Holy Ghost also working together effectually God gathereth himself a Church here on earth 2 Which Church is in Greek called 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 because it is called out of the whole race of mankinde and gathered together into an holy Assembly 3 For the Church is an Assembly or company of men gathered together unto the kingdome of God by the ministery of the Word the Sacraments amongst whom there are alwaies some true godly which persevere in the true faith even unto the end with whom also are mixed many not holy but yet agreeing in the profession of doctrine 4 This Assembly or company because it must alwaies fight under Christs banner against the Flesh the World and the Divell is therefore called the Church Militant 5 And because the ministerie of preaching the Word and administring the Sacraments is obvious to our senses it is also called the Visible Church 6 But yet again Forasmuchas it is not conspicuous to the eyes of men who be true beleevers and godly in respect of them it is called an Invisible Church 7 Therefore that distinction of the Church into Visible and Invisible doth not introduce two as it were distinct Churches or divers companies 8 But it considereth the Church or the companie of those which are called after a diverse respect and in a different manner that is Inward and Outward 9 The Inward beauty and glory of the Church doth consist in Faith and Renovation or renewing with which is immediately joyned the Inheritance of eternall life 10 This spirituall Regeneration and Renovation is hidden under the infirmities of the flesh and this communion or Inheritance of eternall life is by the scandall of the crosse and death covered as it were with a vail here in this life And in this respect the Church is said to be Invisible 11 The Outward beauty and glory of the Church doth consist in the sincere preaching of the Word and the profession thereof and the lawfull administration of the Sacraments In which respect the Church is said to be Visible 12 To make a man therefore a true and living member of the mysticall body of Christ the externall profession of the same doctrine and the participation of the same Sacraments is not sufficient but there is required also and that necessarily inward regeneration and the inward dwelling of the Holy Ghost 13 But yet we are not to seek for the Invisible Church without the Visible seeing that it is included within it For the elect are not to be sought for without the companie of those which are called 14 Neither are we in any nation under heaven to seek for that Invisible Church of the elect pure unspotted undefiled outwardly separate from all hypocrites 15 For here in this life the Jebusites and they of Jerusalem dwell together in the same garden the Nettle and the Myrtle in the same wood the low Shrub and the lofty Cedar grow together in Jacobs flock the white and the speckled the Lambs and the Kids feed together in Peters net fishes Good and Bad are caught together in the Lords field the Lillies and the Thornes spring up together in the Lords floore the Corne and the Chaffe are mingled together in Christs cellar the Wine and the Oyle have both their Lees and Dregs in Noahs ark there were beasts Vnclean as well as Clean. 16 This companie of the elect this Church is by the Holy Ghost in Scripture adorned with most honourable Titles 17 For it is called The body of Christ The spouse of Christ The kingdome of God Gods peculiar Gods beloved people c. 18 But all these Titles and appellations are to be understood by a Synecdoche as not belonging to all in the Church For they are attributed unto the Church for the truely regenerate and elects sake which are in and of the Church 19 For there is a manifest and evident difference between the truely regenerate and the hypocrites which are onely joyned unto the Chuch in an outward profession 20 The Truely regenerate are True and Living members of the Church because from Christ their Head they draw both Spirit and Life The Hypocrites are but rotten and dead members Those belong unto the Church Internally These onely Externally Those in Heart These onely in Outward shew Those In deed These In thought onely Those in the Judgement of God These onely in the Judgment of Men Those as True and sound parts of the Body These as Scabs and Ill humors Those to speake properly are of the Church These are onely in the Church August in Brevic. Collat. Collat. 3. in Ioan. Tract 6. De Bapt. lib. 3. cap. 18. c. 21 The Church in the Creed is called One Holy Catholike and Apostolike 22 It is called One for the Unitie of the Spirit which the Apostle expounds Ephes. 4.3 c. There is one Body and one Spirit even as ye are called in one hope of your calling One Lord on● Faith one Baptisme One God and Father of all who is above all and through all and in you all 23 It is called Holy because it is sanctified of Christ by the Spirit and the Word Which Sanctitie or Holines consists in this life in the imputation of Christs Sanctitie and the Studie of true Sanctitie but at length it shall be made perfect and absolute in the life to come 24 It is called Catholike in respect of the Catholike Faith which is to be estimated by the common consent of all the Godly and their agreement in the true Doctrine at all times and in all places whether they lived in
signifieth or signeth the invisibilitie of the thing signified or signed but presupposeth not the absence thereof 53 A Signe is a Thing beside the Species which it representeth to our senses and of it self causeth us to call to minde somewhat else August 2. de doctr Christ. cap. 1. 54 Therefore they that from hence That it is a Signe do gather that one essentiall part is absent do it certainly for lack of wit and want of learning 55 We dissent and depart likewise from those also who attribute too much unto the Sacraments in that they affirm and averre that they conferre grace ex opere operato even upon the outward act and administration thereof 56 Which their Position or Opinion they expound thus That there is not required any good motion in the Receiver but that the Sacraments have a supernaturall vertue in themselves by which they are the cause of Grace as fire is the cause of Heat 57 But as the Word profits not not being mixed with Faith Hebr. 4.2 So neither do the Sacraments which are the Visible Word 58 Neither doth it profit any thing To have a benefit offered unles there be one to receive it The Word and the Sacrament are Gods Hands by which he offereth unto us But it is the Hand of Faith which must receive what is offered 59 Well saith Hugo 5. de Sacrament pag. 9. cap. 2. The spirituall Gifts of grace are as it were certaine Invisible Antidots In the Visible Sacraments they are as it were in certaine Vessels offered unto man Now As that which is in the Vessell is not of the Vessell but is drawn with it So Grace is not from the Sacraments or of the Sacraments but is derived from an eternall fountaine and is sucked from thence by the Soule in the Sacraments 60 And seeing that the Sacraments in generall have assigned unto them this end from hence it may be gathered That we are to attribute the same unto the Sacraments of the Old Testament 61 For unto Circumcision was added that promise Of being received into the Covenant of Grace which is Emphatically set down in those words I will be a God unto thee and to thy seed after thee Gen. 17.7 Which words are to be expounded out of Leviticus 26.12 Jerem. 31.1 Matth. 22.32 And it will appeare that in them is contained a promise of Gods grace his speciall inhabitation or indwelling and eternall life 62 Therefore we dissent and depart from those who dispute That the Sacraments of the Old Testament were not Instrumentall causes of Grace as if they had not some vertue from the Passion of Christ c. 63 The lesse-Principall end of the Sacraments is To be Signes and Seales of Gods love towards us instituted and ordained for the confirming and strengthening of our Faith 64 For the Apostle calles Circumcision A Seale of the Righteousnesse of Faith Rom. 4.11 And the proper use of a Seal is as we know to testifie confirm and seale that thing unto which it is annexed 65 Whereupon the Godly of former ages in time of danger did fetch solid comfort and consolation out of Circumcision 1 Sam. 14.6 and again 1. Sam. 17.16 36. 66 Moreover what is said of the end of Circumcision that also is rightly referred to the other Sacraments For all the Sacraments agree in their Efficient and Finall Genericall cause 67 From hence it is that Baptisme is said to be A Good Conscience's going unto God for counsell The word by which it is expressed is in Greek 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 which the Septuag●nts in the Old Testament do use when there is signified asking counsell at the mouth of God Oecumenius by this word understands an Earnest or Pledge 68 The meaning then is Th●t Baptisme doth testifie unto our Consciences and confirme the grace of God And here observe that the foundation of this obsignation or ●ealing consists in the resurrection of Christ For as it is Rom. 4.25 He was raised again for our Justification Upon which followes peace of Conscience or Peace with God Rom. 5.1 69 Hither do we referre that place 1 Iohn 5.8 There are three that beare witnesse in earth the Spirit and the Water and the Bloud The Paraphrase of which place according to the Scope of the Text and the Analogie of Faith is this That the Holy Spirit in the ministerie of the Gospell which is The ministration of the Spirit 2 Cor. 3.8 And the Water in Baptisme which is The washing of water by the Word Ephes. 5.26 And the Bloud which in the Lords supper is offered unto us to drink 1 Cor. 11.15 do testifie and beare witnesse concerning the Fatherly goodnesse and love of God towards us 70 Hereupon Tertullian Libr. de poenitent calleth Baptisme the Obsignation or Sealing of Faith and Augustine de Catech. rud cap. 26. calleth the Sacraments Seales 71 We dissent then and depart from those who deny that the Sacraments are Seales sealing unto us the promise of Grace 72 Secundarie and Lesse-Principall ends of the Sacraments we may reckon up many as That they are the very Nerves and Sinewes of publike Societie concord and agreement That they are the Badges and cognizances by which the Church is distinguished from other assemblies That in them we are tyed bound unto God to Faith and to Obedience That they are the Types and resemblances of vertues but especially Love c. 73 The Schoolemen dispute That in or by some Sacraments there is a Character imprinted 74 Which they describe after this manner That it is a spirituall stampe imprinted by God alone in the soule of man at the receiving of the Initerable Sacrament that is the Sacrament of Baptisme which is not to be reiterated or repeated remaining Indelible Ordinarily 76 About the Quidditie Subject and End of this Character we might reckon up their wonderfull strange and miserable jarrs contentions 77 But we conclude with Biel 4. Sentent dist q. 2. That neither necessarie reason doth demonstrate not evident authoritie prove that we are to hold any such Character 78 For all the authorities brought out of Dionysius Augustine Damascen and Lombard are expounded truly and more pertinently unto the minds of their authors of the Sacrament or Sacramentall forme of Baptisme then of any Character imprinted really in the Soule This saith Biel. 79 Therefore that Character of theirs is Indelible indeed because it is not written at all 80 And thus much concerning the Sacraments in generall Out of that which hath bene said we gather their definition after this manner The Sacraments are sacred and solemne actions instituted by God in which God by the ministerie of man mediating doth dispense a certaine thing instituted by his peculiar word to offer apply and seale unto those that beleeve the proper promise of the Gospell 81 Of which that we may worthily partake and to our salvation God grant unto us who is the onely authour of them blessed for ever Amen CHAP. XVII Wherein are