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A53723 The principles of the doctrine of Christ: unfolded in two short catechismes, wherein those principles of religion are explained, the knowledge whereof is required by the late ordinance of Parliament, before any person bee admitted to the sacrament of the Lords Supper. For the use of the congregation at Fordham, in the county of Essex. By John Owen pastor there. Owen, John, 1616-1683. 1645 (1645) Wing O796; ESTC R214593 28,293 68

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what condition doth Jesus Christ exercise these Offices A. Hee did in a low estate of humiliation on earth but now in a glorious estate of exaltation in heaven Q. What is the Church of Christ A. The universall company of Gods Elect called to the adoption of children Q. How come wee to bee members of this Church A. By a lively faith Q. What is a lively faith A. An assured resting of the soule upon Gods promises of mercy in Jesus Christ for pardon of sins here and glory hereafter Q. How come wee to have this faith A. By the effectuall working of the spirit of God in our hearts freely calling us from the state of Nature to the state of Grace Q. Are wee accounted righteous for our faith A. No but onely for the righteousnesse of Christ freely imputed unto us and laid hold of by faith Q. 1. Is there no more required of us but faith onely A. Yes repentance also and holinesse Q. 2. What is repentance A. A forsaking of all sin with godly sorrow for what wee have committed Q. 3. What is that holinesse which is required of us A. Universall obedience to the will of God revealed unto us Q. What are the priviledges of beleevers A. First union with Christ secondly adoption of children thirdly communion of Saints fourthly right to the seales of the new Covenant fifthly Christian liberty sixtly resurrection of the body to life eternall Q. 1. What are the Sacraments or seales of the new Covenant A. Visible seales of Gods spirituall promises made unto us in the blood of Jesus Christ Q. 2. Which bee they A. Baptism and the Lords Supper Q. What is Baptisme A. An holy Ordinance whereby being sprinkled with water according to Christs institution wee are by his grace made children of God and have the promises of the Covenant sealed unto us Q. What is the Lords Supper A. An holy Ordinance of Christ appointed to communicate unto beleevers his body and blood spiritually being represented by bread and wine blessed broken powred out and received of them Q. 2. Who have a right unto this Sacrament A. They onely who have an interest in Jesus Christ by faith Q. What is the communion of Saints A. An holy conjunction between all Gods people partakers of the same Spirit and members of the same mysticall body Q. What is the end of all this dispensation A. The glory of God in our salvation Glory bee to God on high THE Greater Catechisme CHAP. I. Of the Scripture Question 1. WHat is Christian Religion Answ. The only a way of (1) (2) knowing God aright and b living unto him a Joh. 14.5 ●oh 17.3 Act. 4.12 b Col. 1.10 2 Cor. 5.15 Gal. 2.19 20. Q. 2. Whence is it to bee learned A. From the holy (3) Scripture onely Isa. 8.20 Joh. 5.39 Q. 3. What is the Scripture A. The books of the a Old and b New (4) (5) (6) Testament c given by inspiration from God containing all things necessary to bee beleeved and done that God may bee worshipped and our soules saved a Isa. 8.20 Rom. 3.2 b Rev. 22.19 20. c 2 Tim. 2.16 17. Psal. 19.7 8. Jer. 7.31 Joh. 20.31 Q. 4. How know you them to bee the word of God A. By the a testimony (7) of Gods Spirit working faith in my heart to close with that b heavenly Majesty and cleare divine truth that shineth in them a Matth. 16.17 Joh. 16.13 1 Thess. 2.13 1 Joh. 2.20 1 Joh. 5.6 b Luk 24.32 1 Cor. 2.14 Heb. 4.12 2 Pet. 1.19 CHAP. II. Of God Q. 1. What doe the Scriptures teach concerning God A. First what hee is or his Nature secondly what hee doth or his Works Exod. 3.14 Isa. 44.6 Heb. 1.1 2 3. Heb. 11.6 Q. 2. What is God in himselfe A. An a eternall b infinite c (1) (2) (3) incomprehensible d spirit e giving beeing to all things and doing with them whatsoever hee pleaseth a Deut. 33.37 Isa. 57.15 Revel. 1.8 b 1 King 8.27 Psal. 139.2 3 4 5. c. c Exod. 32.20 1 Tim. 6.16 d Joh. 4 24. e Gen. 1.1 Psal. 115.3 135.6 Isa. 46.10 Joh. 5 17. Heb. 1.2 Q. 3. Doe wee here know God as hee is A. No his glorious beeing is not of us in this life to bee comprehended Exod. 33.23 1 Cor. 13.12 Q. 4. Whereby is God chiefely made known unto us in the word A. First by his f Names secondly by his g Attributes or properties f Exod. 3.14 ch. 6.3 Psa. 83.18 g Exo. 34.6 7. Mat. 5.48 Q. 5. What are the names of God A. Glorious titles which hee (4) hath given himselfe to hold forth his excellencies unto us with some perfections wherby hee will reveale himselfe Exod. 3 14 15. 6.3 34.6 7. Gen. 17.1 Q. 6. What are the Attributes of God A. His infinite perfections in being and working Revelat. 4.8 9 10 11. Q. 7. What are the chiefe attributes of his beeing A. a Eternity b infinitenesse c simplicity (1) (2) or purity d all-sufficiency e perfectnesse f immutability g life h will and i understanding a Deut. 33.37 Psal. 93.2 Esa. 57.15 Revel. 1.11 b 1 King 8.27 Psal. 139.1 2 3 4.8 9. c Exod. 3.14 d Gen. 17.1 Psal. 135.4 5. e Joh. 11.7 8 9. Rom. 11.33 34 35 36. f Mal. 3.6 Jam. 1.17 g Judg 8.19 1 Sam. 25.34 2 King 3.14 Ezek. 14.16 16.48 M●tth 16.16 Act. 24.15 1 The 1.9 h Dan. 11.3 Esa. 46.10 Ephes. 1.5.11 Jam. 1.18 i Psal. 7.2 139 2. 147.4 Ier. 11.20 Heb. 4.13 Q. 8. What are the attributes which usually are ascribed to him in his works or the acts of his will A. k Goodnesse l power m (3) (4) justice n mercy o holinesse p wisdome and the like which hee delighteth to exercise towards his creatures for the praise of his glory k Psal. 119 68. Mat. 19.17 l Exod. 15.11 Psal. 62.10 Revel. 19.1 m Zeph. 3.5 Psal. 11.7 Ierem. 12.1 Rom. 1.32 n Psal. 130.7 Rom. 9.15 Ephes. 2.4 o Exod. 15.11 Iosh. 24.19 Hab. 1.13 Revel. 4.8 p Rom. 11.33 16.17 CHAP. III. Of the holy Trinity Q. 1. Is there but one God to whom these properties doe belong A. a One onely in respect of his Essence and being but one b in three distinct persons of Father Sonne and holy Ghost a Deut. 6.4 Matth. 19.17 Ephes. 4.5 6. b Gen. 1.7 1 Ioh. 5.7 Matth. 28.19 Q. 2. What mean you by Person A. A distinct manner of (1) (2) (3) subsistence or beeing distinguished from the other Persons by its own properties Ioh. 5.17 Heb. 1.3 Q. 3. What is the distinguishing property of the person of the Father A. To bee of himself onely the fountain of the God-head Ioh. 5.26 27. Ephes. 1.3 Q. 4. What is the property of the Son A. To be begotten of his Father from eternity Psal. 2.7 Ioh. 1.14 3.16 Q. 5.
1.17 Mark 16.16 Ephes. 5.26 Q. 3. How doe our Sacraments differ from the Sacraments of the Jewes A. Accidentally onely in things concerning the outward matter and form as their number quality clearnesse of signification and the like not essentially in the things signified or grace confirmed 1 Cor. 10.1 2 3 c. Joh. 6.35 1 Cor. 5.7 Phil. 3.3 Col. 2.11 CHAP. XXIII Of Baptisme Q. 1. Which are these Sacraments A. Baptisme and the Lords Supper Q. 2. What is Baptisme A. An a holy action appointed (1) (2) of Christ whereby being sprinkled with water in the name of the whole Trinity by a lawfull Minister of the Church b wee are admitted into the family of God c and have the benefits of the blood of Christ confirmed unto us a Matth. 28.19 Mark 16.15 16. b Act. 2.41 8.37 c Act. 2.38 39. Joh. 3.5 Rom. 6.3 4 5. 1 Cor. 12.13 Q. 3. To whom doth this Sacrament belong A. Unto all to whom the promise of the Covenant is made that is to beleevers and to their seed Act. 2.39 Gen. 17.11 12. Act. 16.15 Rom. 4.10 11. 1 Cor. 7.14 Q. 4. How can Baptisme seale the pardon of all sins to us all our personall sins following it A. Inasmuch as it is a seale of that promise which gives pardon of all to beleevers Act. 2.39 Rom. 4.11 12. CHAP. XXIV Of the Lords Supper Q. 1. What is the Lords Supper A. An a holy action instituted and (1) appointed by Christ b to set forth his death c and communicate unto us spiritually his body and blood by Faith being d represented by bread and wine e blessed by his Word and Prayer f broken (2) powred out and received of beleevers a Mat. 26.20 21 Luk. 22.14 15 16 17 18 19 20. 1 Cor. 11 23 24. b Luk. 22.19 1 Cor. 11.25 26. c Mark 14.22 23 24. 1 Cor. 11.24 25. Joh. 6.63 d 1 Cor. 11.23 25. e 1 Cor. 11.24 Mat. 26.26 f Mat. 26.26 Mark 14.22 Luk. 22.19 Q. 2. When did Christ appoint this Sacrament A. On the night wherein hee was betrayed to suffer 1 Cor. 11.23 Q. 3. Whence is the right use of it to bee learned A. From the Word (3) practice and actions of our Saviour at its institution Q. 4. What were the actions of our Saviour to bee imitated by us A. First blessing the elements by prayer secondly breaking the bread and powring out the wine thirdly distributing them to the receivers sitting in a Table gesture Matth. 26.26 Mark 14.22 Luk. 22.19 20. 1 Cor. 11.23 24. Q. 5. What were the words of Christ A. First of command Take eate secondly of promise This is my body thirdly of institution for perpetuall use This doe c. 1 Cor. 11.24 25 26. Q. 6. Who are to bee (4) (5) receivers of this Sacrament A. Those onely have a true right to the signes who by Faith have an holy interest in Christ the thing signifyed 1 Cor. 11.27 28 29. Joh. 6.63 Q. 7. Do the elements remain bread and wine still after the blessing of them A. Yes all the spirituall change is wrought by the Faith of the Receiver not the words of the giver to them that beleeve they are the body and blood of Christ Joh. 6.63 1 Cor. 10.4 11.29 CHAP. XXV Of the Communion of Saints the fifth priviledge of beleevers Q 1. What is the communion of Saints A. An holy conjunction (1) between all Gods people wrought by their participation of the same spirit whereby wee are all made members of that one body whereof Christ is the head C●nt 6.9 Ier. 32.39 Ioh. 17.22 1 Cor. 12.12 Ephes. 4.3 4 5 6.13 1 Ioh. 1.3.6 7. Q. 2. Of what sort is this union A. First a spirituall and internall in the injoyment of the same spirit and graces which is the union of the Church Catholick secondly b externall and ecclesiasticall in the same outward Ordinances which is the union of particular Congregations a 1 Cor. 12.12 13. Ephes. 2.16 19 20 21 22. 1 Cor. 10.17 Ioh. 17.11.21 22. Ioh. 10.16 Heb. 2.11 b 1 Cor. 1.10 11. Rom. 12.5 1 Cor. 12.27 28. Ephes. 4.11 12 13. Phil. 2.2 Col. 3.15 1 Pet. 3.8 CHAP. XXVI Of particular Churches Q. 1. What are particular Churches A. Peculiar a assemblies (1) (2) of Professors in one place b under Officers of Christs institution c injoying the Ordinances of God d and leading lives beseeming their holy calling a Act. 11.26 1 Cor. 4.17 11.12 2 Cor. 1.1 b Act. 20.17.28 14.23 2 Cor. 8.23 Heb. 13.17 c 1 Cor. 1.5 Revel. 2.1 2 3. d 2 Thess. 3.5.6.11 Gal. 6.16 Phil. 3.18 1 Thess. 2.12 Q. 2. What are the Ordinary Officers of such Churches A. First a Pastors or Doctors (3) to teach and exhort secondly b Elders to assist in rule and government thirdly c Deacons to provide for the poore a Rom. 12.7 8. Ephes. 4.11 1 Cor. 12.28 b Rom. 12.8 1 Tim. 5.17 c Act. 6.2 3. Q. 3. What is required of these Officers especially the chiefest or Ministers A. a That they bee faithfull in the Ministry committed unto them b sedulous in dispensing the Word c watching for the good of the soules committed to them d going before them in an example of all godlinesse and holinesse of life a 1 Cor. 4.2 Act. 20.18 19 20. b 2 Tim. 2.15 4.1 2 3 4 5. c Tit. 1.13 1 Tim. 4.15 16. d Tit. 2.7 1 Tim. 4.12 Matth. 5.16 Act. 25. Q. 4. What is required in the people unto them A. Obedience a to their message and Ministery b honour and love to their persons c maintenance to them and their families a 2 Cor. 5.20 Rom. 6.17 Heb. 13.17 2 Thess. 3.14 Rom. 16.19 2 Cor. 10.4 5 6. b 1 Cor. 4.1 Gal. 4.14 1 Tim. 5.17 18. c Luk. 10.7 Jam. 5.4 1 Tim. 5.17 18. 1 Cor. 9.9 10 11 12 13. Chap. 1. Of the Greater Chap. 2. Chap. 3. Chap. 4. Chap. 5 6. Chap. 7. Chap. 8. Chap. 9. Chap. 10. Chap. 11. Chap. 12. Chap. 13. Chap. 14. Chap. 15. Chap. 16. Chap. 17. Chap. 18. Chap. 19. Chap. 20. Chap. 21. Chap. 22. Chap. 23. Chap. 24. Chap. 25. (1) Every one out of this way everlastingly damned (2) The life of Religion is in the life (3) Popish traditions are false lights leading from God (4) The authority of the Scripture dependeth not on the authority of the Church as the Papists blaspheme (5) All humane inventions unnecessary helps in the worship of God (6) The Word therefore is the sole directory for faith worship and life (7) This alone perswadeth inwardly convinceth the heart of the divine verity of the Scripture other motives also there are from without and unanswerable arguments to prove the truth of them as I their antiquity 2 preservation from fury 3 prophesies in them 4 the holinesse and Majesty of their Doctrine agreeable to the nature of God 5 Miracles 6 the testimony of the Church