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lord_n	bishop_n	john_n	king_n	11,073	5	3.7166	3	false

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ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A30860	The late travels of S. Giacomo Baratti, an Italian gentleman, into the remote countries of the Abissins, or of Ethiopia interior wherein you shall find an exact account of the laws, government, religion, discipline, customs, &c. of the Christian people that do inhabit there with many observations which some may improve to the advantage and increase of Trade with them : together with a confirmation of this relation drawn from the writings of Damianus de Goes and Jo. Scaliger, who agree with the author in many particulars / translated by G.D.	Baratti, Giacomo.; G. D.; Góis, Damião de, 1502-1574.; Scaliger, Joseph Juste, 1540-1609.	1670 (1670)	Wing B677; ESTC R11736	63,785	282

and Bloud of Christ in the Sacrament since I am come into Portugal neither do I know wherefore I am esteemed amongst my Christian brethren as a Heathen and an excommunicated person which hath caused me much grief but to him that sees and Judges all things I remit my cause I am not sent by my most mighty Lord the Emperour of Ethiopia to the Bishop of Rome and the most Serene Prince John King of Portugal only to entertain them with disputations but to conclude a firm league and open a correspondency between them not to discourse about humane traditions but to inquire about the errours of Arrius the Prince of Hereticks and know whether the Christians of Europe do joyn with us in opposing his opinions and further that I might know whether it be the custom of the European Christians to assemble in Counsel twice every year about Matters of faith as the Apostles have commanded in their Synodial book the first assembly they order to be met on the day of Pentecosts the second on the tenth of October Besides I am come to know how we agree about the errours of Macedonius of Nestorius and of Eutiches about the last the Council of Calcedone assembled but the Bishops broke up the assembly before any Conclusion retaining their own opinions My Lord the most Mighty Emperour hath-all the books of the General Councel's and is much grieved so are all his subjects for the discords and errours these Tares that the Devil hath sown in the Lords field the Bishop of Rome we have always est comedus the first and most powerful Bishop of the world and were it not for the Mahumetans whose Country being between us do hinder our passage for the great distance of places we should send to his Court very often King Emanuel of blessed Memory did first open a way to us from the Red sea c. Having spoken of these things I will say something of our Emperour of our Patriarch You must know first that our Patriarch is thus solemnly elected by and out of our Monks of Jerusalem that there do dwell at the Sepulchre of our Lord. When the old Patriarch is dead the Emperour dispatches away with all speed an express to the Monks that live at Jerusalem as soon as they have received the news of the death of the Abuna with the Presents that the Emperour sends to our Saviours Sepulchre they proceed to the election of another Abuna whom they chuse by the plurality of voices It is not lawful to pitch upon another for that office but only upon an Inhabitant of Alexandria and upon one whose life is irreproachable When they have chosen him they give unto him his dispatches with the messenger that came to give them notice of the former Abuna's death They go together to Grand Cairo to meet the Egyptian Patriarch that hath there his ordinary residence to the end that he may be acquainted with the election The Patriarch when he approves of the sufficiency of the person for so eminent an office he sends him into Ethiopia with the messenger who must always be according to the ancient custom a Monk of the Order of St. Anthony the Hermite with him this messenger hasten● towards Ethiopia wherewith all expressions of joy and honour they are received of all men Sometimes a year or two passes before this business can be dispatched In the mean while the Neguz disposes of the great Revenue of the Abuna according to his pleasure Now the chief office of an Abuna is to confer Holy Orders none but he can give them or ought to take them away or degrade the Priests He never affects to meddle with the giving of Bishopricks or of Benefices that do belong to the Precious ●iam who may do with them according to his pleasure And when the Patriarch or Abuna is dead the Emperour is the Heir of his Estate which is very great It belongs also to the Patriarch to excommunicate contumacious offenders He never grants any Indulgencies of those penalties that are imposed for grievous faults The Sacraments of the Church are never prohibited to any unless it be for the crime of Murder Our Patriarch is called in our language Abuna he that is at present in this place is called at his baptism Mark a man aged of about 100 years Moreover it is to be noted that we begin the year the first of September which is with us the Eve of St. John Baptists day the rest of the Feast days we keep at the same time that they are kept by the Church of Rome We must not omit that St. Philip the Apostle came into our Country and did there preach the Gospel of our Saviour Christ You must further know the name of our Emperour that it is Precious John or ●iam and no● Priest John as here it is falsly reported for it is written in our language ●iam Belul that is Precius or high John in the Chaldaique Language it is written John E●coe which hath the same interpretation Precious or excellent John He is not to be named Emperour of the Abyssins as Matth. hath written but of the Ethiopians He being an Armenian could not know our affairs perfectly especially those that concern our Religion for that reason he declared many things to King Emanuel of happy Memory which are not so amongst us not out of any design of deceiving him for ●e was a good man but because ●e was well acquainted with our Religion The Empire many times doth ●ot fall to the share of the Eldest Son of the Emperour but to him ●nto whom the Father will give ●● He that now governs is the ●hird Son of the last Emperour ●e hath deserved that honour by ●is piety and respect which he had ●or his Father for when he was ●pon his death-bed he commanded all his Sons one after another ●o sit upon the Imperial Throne which they did he only excepted Far be it from me said he that I ●hould ascend to the Seat of my Lord and Father which pious mo●esty procured him the Empire ●●om his Father his name is David his Empire is very large and contains both Christians and Heathens In it are many Kings and Princes Earls Barons Grandees and much Nobility that is mo 〈…〉 obedient to him Gold and Silver are given and exchanged by weight Amongst us are many Towns and Cities but not such as I have seen in Portugal because Precious Giam doth always live i● a flying Camp and in Tents This Custom is observed that the Nobility might exercise themselves continually in Military Actions for we are surrounded on all with sides the enemies of our faith with whom we have often many Conflicts always or for the most part with success through the goodness of God This is the account Zaga Za●i gives of his own Country his Relation may be consulted by those that desire more satisfaction for brevity sake much of it is omitted Scaliger in the eighth Book

so that at present in all the Empire there are but few Walled Towns and they are so pitiful that the weakest enemy might storm them In the time of this Prince Trade and Shipping did mightily increase so that he was dreadful to his Neighbours when he had governed the Empire twenty six years he dyed H●li his Son succeeded him he was the youngest his Father had for him a great kindness which was increased by his address and handsome behaviour His elder brethren were set aside and he was raised upon the Throne he was very happy all his time and enjoyed a firm peace with most of his Neighbours he continued Emperour forty seven years and three moneths After him Hell the second Melach Charvah Bou●i Grimshach Habraim ● c. with about thirty Kings are to be reckoned from that time to the year 936. In which year the Ethiopian Emperours that were grown so potent by Land adventured to enlarge their dominions by Sea in Asia for that intent David Emperour of Ethiopia prepared a Fleet of above 500 Sail of ships small and great to transport his Army composed of 60000 Men both Horse and Foot with this numerous Army he Landed in Arabia and conquered all that part of the Country that lies upon the Sea-shoar The Abyssins found their abode in Asia far more pleasant than in Africa therefore great numbers of men went over and passed the Seas into the new conquests The Persians and Arabians did oppose their designs but our Emperour being there in person did so order his business that all the Forces that were sent against us were routed many battels were fought between us with various success The last was near the place where the River Euphrates discharges it self into the Sea seven Kings were met upon the place with all the men that they could conveniently bring to withstand our Emperour The enemies reckoned about two hundred thousand men in their Army we had then about forty thousand this unequal number did encounter them and by the wonderful goodness of God they did overcome them This Victory opened a way to our success in Asia for it rendred the name of Ethiopia most terrible so that none did dare to meet us with equal numbers of men every year our people sent great numbers of men with their Families to inhabit in Asia and by that means to secure their interest from the ancient Inhabitants by force of Arms. The next that succeeded in the Empire was Uncan I. A man no less Valarous than his Father a great lover of Learning and of the Learned men he enlarged his dominions beyond the River Indus and conquered all that part of the Country that is so fruitful that the Asiatiques esteem it the best and most fruitful Province of that part of the world This Prince had several encounters with his Neighbours 〈…〉 Asia where he made for the mo 〈…〉 part his residence In one the King of Malabar came against him with 40000 Foot and Horse The Ethiopians were full of valoue and courage but the numbers of their enemies put them to great straits so that they offered to render themselves into their hands in case they would suffer them quietly to depart with their lives saved The enemy would not accept of that offer to his own detriment for ours being refused the condition proposed and seeing nothing but death or at least but bondage and misery prepared for them and their Prince they tool courage encounter'd the enemy with a great resolution broke the first ranks of them and then pursued them with that fury that they left not killing until the whole multitude with their King at their head fled away leaving all their own spoils and the Goods that they had taken in the former advantages they had had against our Emperour Several Emperours did succeed him but not to his Fortune and Success unless it be Joseph 3. Judahr Macarius and Paulus They carryed the terrour of our Arms into China and there possessed themselves of many large Provinces which we enjoyed until the year 1436. The Tartars about that time made some In-roads into China and finding the Climate good and the Country fruitful they invited their Countrymen into those Regions Some few years after they had gathered a numerous Army to enter China they conquer'd the Emperour of that Country who had desired our assistance against them we complyed with their desires our Emperour sent 30000 men to their assistance but by the stratagems and valour of the Tartars our men were almost all slain The Chinenses being destitute of that succour yielded themselves to the mercy of the Conquerours who thought upon nothing but how to revenge themselves upon us they came therefore with their own forces with those that they had gathered in the Country and drive out our people out of China giving no quarter to those that submitted to them There arose some dispute between some of our Generals at that time that assisted the Tartars against us so that when Uncan was kill'd in a battel by Cingi the Tartar Prince all our Countrymen left Asia with all hopes of returning thither again Since we have had many grievous encounters with our enemies the Mahumetans and Gentiles who have sometimes persecuted us into the heart of the Country when they took us at an advantage About the year 1434 the King of Adel with many of our Neighbours stormed our Sea-port Towns when our Emperour was but young and so shut us in that we have no place to entertain Commerce with any Nation without their leave In the year of our Lord several Portugueses came from Goa into our Country our Emperour dispatcht away some Embassadours with them to Rome and Portugal 1486 came into Ethiopia from John King of Portugal Pedro de C●●ilham ec a lenzo de Pavia to Alexander our Neguz that treated them well Claudius succeeded Alexander and after him Adamas who was inclined to favour the Heathens superstitions he persecuted the Christians but met at last with a just Reward of his Actions for he was kill'd by his enemies in a battel FINIS Books sold by Benjamin Billingsley at the Printing-press in Broadstreet and at the same sign near the Royal Exchange in Cornhil BArtholinus Anatomy Eng. by Culpepers fol 10 s. Riverius Practice of Physick fol. 20 s. Schroders Dispensatory Eng. by W. Rowland 10 s. Lord Bacons Nat. History fol. 7 s. Reynolds Gods Revenge of Murther 10 s. Culpepers London Dispensatory Octavo 4 s. English Physician Octavo 3 s. Directory for Midwives Octavo 4 s. Last Legacy Octavo 2 s. 6 d. A Treatise of Wind offending Mans Body with its speedy and easie Remedy Octavo 1 s. A Touch-stone for Physick Octavo 1 s. A Discourse touching Generation collected out of L●vinus L●mniu● Twelves 1 s. 6 d. Edlins Observationes Astrologicae Octavo 1 s. Pharmacop●ia Londinensis twenty-four Latine 1 s. 6 d. Burrows Rare Jewel of Christian Contentment Quarto 2 s. 6 d. The Vulcano's or Fire-Vomiting Mountains c. 1 s. Hudsons Vindication of the Church-Catholick 3 s. Bourns Directions concerning Marriage 1 s. The Epitome of the whole Art of Husbandry the second edition much enlarged Octavo 2 s. Loveday's Letters Domestick and Forreign Octavo 2 s. 6 d. Janua Linguarum Latine and Eng. adorned with Copper Cutts 2 s. 6 d. Present State of Europe Quarto 3 s. Now in the Press Culpepers Semioti●a Vranica or his Astrological Judgment of Diseases The late Travels of Signior Giacomo Barati an Italian Gent. into the remote Countries of the Abyssines with a description of the Kingdoms Subject at this present to the Great Neguz of Ethiopia FINIS

but their daily labour Were our Fryers our Franciscans Mendicants and the other Orders of Religious men of this disposition in his Holiness dominions the people would honour and respect them and they would gain much credit to the Roman Church by such practises and to themselves These Fyers that are thus retired out of the great concourse of the towns and people are of several fraternities some are called the Moncks of St. Anthony these are the most numerous Their founder was an Anachoret of Egypt that spent his latter days in the desart places in tilling and dressing the ground He drew unto him such numbers of people that were weary with the toil and troubles of the great world that he saw many thousands imitate his example before he dyed The other fraternities are those of St. Paul of St. Maconius whose employment is the same with the Monks of St. Anthony they differ only in their names In every Covent they elect every year a Superintendant whom they call Loucana he is to keep good orders and to answer all the miscarriages that are committed by the Society if he allows of them These blessed places are to pay no Revenue to the Emperour but of their prayers All other Lands are at his disposal by the Statutes of the Empire he is the Lord of them but these that belong to the Fryers are none of his and free from all impositions So are all the other Lands and places that belong to the Clergy for we may take notice that the tythes of all things belonging to the Emperor the Clergy and those that attend in the worship of God have a maintenance appointed unto them out of certain Lands and territories which they must see manured as well as the rest of the people do theirs for they receive little or no benevolence from the Country they depend not upon them for their maintenance so that by that means they are highly honoured of all men and beloved because they rather give to them than take from them and although they are well rewarded for their pains from the Lands allotted to them their good Offices look as favours and kindnesses done to the people because nothing proceeds from their labours or Estates to reward the Priests instructions and Attendance The Churches are separated into three distinct places or rooms according to the manner of the Jews At the entrance of the Temple about six paces there is a Curtain drawn that makes the first separation every body may go into the Church but none but those that have been sanctified by the Abuna have liberty to go into that place and pass the first Curtain This was wisely enacted to oblige all the Nobility and Persons of Quality to receive that benefit from the High-Priest and by tha● means to endear him unto them Next to this place before the Altar-table is drawn another Curtain beyond which none hath liberty to pass but the Priests themselves when the Communion is administred These curtains are drawn but the people keep themselves in their several distinct places until the time of the Communion The Churches are very neatly adorned with Pictures which these people do not worship but only as Ornaments to their Religious Houses they place them there The Churches are built of Lime and Stone which they use not in their common buildings for they think it decent that the places set apart for the Service of God should have no common materials None therefore but some select houses of the Emperour are built in this manner and with the same substance When the Priest hath lost his Wife by death he may not marry again unless he wil lose the power of executing his function yet the Patriarch may give a License to marry again but without that License it is altogether unlawful They bury their dead with the greatest ceremony imaginable they cloath them in all their most gaudy attire and carry them in a Chair with their faces and hands uncovered if the dead hath been a Souldier he hath the honour to go armed into the grave before march the Priest and the Religious men saying some good sentences advising the people to prepare to depart then comes the Corps seated in his Chair of State trimed with Garlands and Flowers and with some white Feathers if he be young with yellow if he be of a middle age and with black if he be old The sight is so pleasant that it would almost give every one a mind to be in the room of the dead the Parents follow with a badge of mourning upon their heads a handful of ashes the next come their friends and acquaintance thus they proceed to the Grave in order where the first ch of the Gospel of S. John is read the noble Actions vertues of the dead are rehearsed all hearing with much devotion then the Priest as they put the body in the Grave pronounceth these words Dust thou art and to dust thou shalt return The next day they give alms and send gifts to their friends in the name of the deceased and bring upon his Grave a banquet according to the Quality of the Persons And every day for a moneth they continue to visit the Sepulchre of the dead and to offer up some prayers for him to Almighty God for they imagine something of purgatory and of the unsealed estate of the Soul immediately after its departure out of this life which obliges them to intreat for them that they may enter into the joys of the blessed THE DESCRIPTION OF THE Several Kingdoms Subject TO THE NEGUZ Of Barnagasso THis Kingdom is as fruitful as it is large and populous It is limited on the South by a pleasant River called Abagni that discharges it self into Nilus on the West it hath an Island called by the Inhabitants Souhador by our people Gueyter● which Island the River Nilus formeth as it runs through Ethiopia towards Egypt on the North is the Kingdom of Dafila and on the East the Red Sea where there is a very convenient Port for Ships now possessed by the Turks and Moors called Erc●cc● This Kingdom is full of little towns the most considerable places are Finash Carne Timei Bara Barvo there is over it a Lord or a King that commands in chief and hath it by inheritance he that is there now is called Ishmael he pays tribute both to the Turks and to the Neguz the Country abounds in Silk Cloath of Silver that is made by the Inhabitants and in Cottons It is fruitful of Dates Pomgranates Peaches Apricocks Corn of all sorts especially Oats the people make of it a drink very pleasant Here are also many Vineyards the Wine they make by stealth as in other places of the dominions of the Neguz The Country is for the most part Champaign unless it be towards the Red sea there a ridge of hills stretches it self all along the Coast and encloseth many lakes and pools of water enriched with excellent fish that which is