PVRCHAS HIS PILGRIMES IN FIVE BOOKES The first Containing Peregrinations and Discoueries in the remotest North and East parts of ASIA called TARTARIA and CHINA The second Peregrinations Voyages Discoueries of CHINA TARTARIA RVSSIA and other the North and East parts of the World by English-men and others The third Voyages and Discoueries of the North parts of the World by Land and Sea in ASIA EVROPE the Polare Regions and in the North-west of AMERICA The fourth English Northerne Nauigations and Discoueries Relations of Greenland Greenland the North-west passage and other Arctike Regions with later RVSSIAN OCCVRRENTS The fifth Voyages and Trauels to and in the New World called AMERICA Relations of their Pagan Antiquities and of the Regions and Plantations in the North and South parts thereof and of the Seas and Ilands adiacent The Third Part. Vnus Deus Vna Veritas LONDON Printed by William Stansby for Henrie Fetherstone and are to be sold at his shop in Pauls Church-yard at the signe of the Rose 1625. TO THE RIGHT HONORABLE AND RIGHT REVEREND FATHER IN GOD IOHN Lord Bishop of LINCOLNE Lord Keeper of the GREAT SEALE OF ENGLAND c. Right Reuerend and Honourable THese PILGRIMS deliuering a Historie of the World in their owne Trauels by Sea and Land not onely needed authoritie from the Admiraltie but fearing suspition of Riot without warrantable assemblie become humble Sutors for your Lordships fauour So shall they in the approbation of both to apply by a warrant of Ego dixi dij estis the Patriarchs mysticall Dreame to our Historicall purpose finde a Scala Coeli to ascend from the ground where they are prostrate Petitioners to the Princes Highnesse whence authorised they may againe descend and become the Commons of Common Readers Order requires a Medium betwixt Princely Height and his Lowlinesse whose function is also tearmed Holy Orders as further tying him to that equall inequalitie wherein hee beseecheth your Lordship as by speciall Office and in Proprietie to owne that which hee hath presumed to offer to the Prince in Capite Quemadmodum sub optimo rege omnia Rex imperio possidet Domini dominio Ad reges protestas pertinet ad singulos proprietas Many are the reasons which moued the Author to obtrude his PILGRIMS on your Lordship because he is deeply obliged Yours former fauours euen then when you were initiated in the Mysteries of Honour learning by seruice to Command in the Discipline of that Honorable Worthy Lord Chancellor EGERTON because some conceptions of this Worke were in your Honourable Iurisdiction of Westminster whither lest some traduce Trauellers for Vagrants they returne in hope of Sanctuarie not so much trusting to the ancient Liberties as to your Lordships liberall respect to literate endeauours because these Trauellers aduenturing the world seeke like Iacob at his going and returne a Reuerend Fathers Blessing and Confirmation The Author likewise being called on for his promised Europe submits himselfe to your Lordships Order heere tendring of that debt what hee is able in readie payment The worke it selfe also being a Librarie in this kind presents it selfe to your Honour the Founder of two famous Libraries one in Westminster where the Stones renued Fabrikes speake your Magnificence the other in that famous Nurserie of Arts and Vertue Saint IOHNS Colledge in Cambridge which sometime knew you a hopefull Sonne but now acknowledgeth your Lordship a happie Father where also the Author first conceiued with this Trauelling Genius whereof without trauelling he hath trauelled euer since Learning the Aduancer of your Honour hath secured her welwillers not to bee reiected in whatsoeuer indeauours Scribimus indocti doctique to aduance Learning The greatnesse of Nature to goodnesse of Nature varietie of Estates to a prime Pillar of State the Historie of Religions to a Religious Prelate of Antiquities to an Antiquarie cannot bee altogether vnwelcome that I mention not the dependance of London Ministers Liuings fined by the Times iniquitie on your Lordships equall Sentence These Causes haue moued One hath inforced these PILGRIMES are your Seruants fitly so called à Seruando saued by your Lordships hand when they were giuing vp the ghost despairing through a fatall stroke of euer seeing light Most humbly therefore sue vnto your Honour these PILGRIMES for acknowledgement esteeming your Lordships Name in fore-front a cognisance of blest Libertie and best Seruice Now when Ianus sends many with gratefull emulations to present their acclamations of a New Yeere presenting a wordie rather then worthy Present a World yea a New world in great part one Age younger to mens knowledge then America sometimes stiled by that Name I had written others Causes of my addresse to your Honour but dare not proceed to interrupt Others more weightie In all humble earnestnesse beseecheth now in this Festiuall time the Author with his PILGRIMES to finde Hospitall entertainment not at your Honours table where Great affaires of Church and State are feasted except some recreation some times permit but with Schollers and Gentlemen in the Hall which will welcome such Guests as your Lordship shall Countenance So shall you encourage euer to pray for the increase of your Lordships happinesse in the Happie Seruice of his MAIESTIE Your Lordships most bounden SAMVEL PVRCHAS THE CONTENTS OF THE CHAPTERS AND PARAGRAPHS IN THE SECOND BOOKE OF THE SECOND PART OF PVRCHAS HIS PILGRIMS CHAP. I. THe Iournall of Friar William de Rubruquis a French-man of the Order of the Minorite Friars vnto the East parts of the World Anno Dom. 1253. H. pag. 1. CHAP. II. Tartarian and Northerne Relations written in Latin by the famous Friar Roger Bacon H. p. 52 Relations of Vincentius Beluacensis the most of which he receiued from Friar Simon de Sancto Quintino one of the foure Friars sent by Pope Innocent the fourth to the Tartars seruing to the illustration of the former pag. 58. CHAP. III. Relations touching the Tartars taken out of the Historie of R. Wendouer and Mat. Paris with certaine Epistles of the same subiect pag. 60. CHAP. IIII. The first booke of Marcus Paulus Venetus or of Master Marco Polo a Gentleman of Venice his Voyages pag. 65. § 1. The voyages of Master Nicolo and M. Maffio from Constantinople to the Great Can and their comming home to Venice their second voyage with the Authour and returne ibid. § 2. Obseruations of M. Polo of Armenia Turkie Zorzania Baldach Persia Chirmain Cobniam Ormus Knaue-fooles paradise and other Easterne parts in Asia and Armenia the lesse pag. 69. § 3. Of Sapurgan Balac Thaican Scassem Balaxiam Bascia Chesmur Vochan Samarchan Carchan Peym the dreadfull Desart of Lop and Tanguth pag. 73. § 4. Of Carchoran the originall proceedings and exploits of the Tartars of Priest Iohn and his discendants Customes of the Tartars Of Bargu Erginul Xandu the Cans Citie and Palace of Muske of strange Sorcerers and anstere Monkes pag. 77. § 5. Of Cublai Can his Raigne and Acts Magnificent feasts and
be liueth and giueth life vnto Man Our onely God which inspireth euery one of vs his Children with his holy Word through our Lord Iesus Christ the Spirit of Life now in this latter times establish vs to hold the right Scepter and suffer vs of our selues to reigne for the good of the Land and the happinesse of the People together with our Enemies and to the doing of good We the great Lord Emperour and great Duke Boris Pheodorowich of all Russia sole Commander of Volodemer Mosco Nouogrod Emperour of Cazan King of Astracan Lord of Vobsko and great Duke of Smolensko of Twersko Vhorskoy Permskoy Vatskoy Bolharskay and of others Lord and great Duke of Nouagrod in the low Country of Chernego Rezan Polotskay Rostouskoy Yeraslauskoy Belozerskoy Leeflanskoy Owdorskoy Obdorskoy Condinskoy and all Siberia and the North parts Lord and Commander of Euerskoy Land and Cabardinskoy Country and of Cherces and Igarskoy Land as also of many others Lord and Commander with our Sonne Prince Phedar Borisowich of all Russia We haue bestowed on the Merchants of England viz. Sir Iohn Hart Knight Sir William Webb Knight Richard Saltanitall Alderman Nicolas Moshley Alderman Robert Doue William Garaway Iohn Harbey Robert Chamberlin Henrie Anderson Iohn Audwart Francis Cherie Iohn Merick Anthony Marlar Wee haue granted and licenced them to come with their ships into our Dominion the Country of Dwina with all manner of Commodities to trade freely from the Sea side and within our Dominions to the Citie of our Empire of Mosco Also there made sute vnto vs Sir Iohn Hart Knight and his Companie to gratifie them to trade to our Citie of Mosco and to our Heritage of great Nouogrod and Vobsko and to all parts of our Empire with their Commodities and to Trade freely without custome vpon which Wee the great Lord Emperour and great Duke Boris Pheodorowich of all Russia with our Sonne Prince Pheodor Borisowich of all Russia haue granted vnto the English Merchants Sir Iohn Hart Knight and his fellowes for our Sisters sake Queene Elizabeth free passage to come into our Kingdome of Mosco and into all the rest of our Dominions with all manner of Commodities to trade and traffick freely at their pleasure Also we haue commanded not to take any kinde of Custome for their goods nor any other Customes whatsoeuer viz. for passing by any place by Land nor for passing by any place by Water nor for Custome of their Boats or Head money nor for passing ouer Bridges and Ferries nor for any entrie of Wares as also all manner of other Customes or Duties whatsoeuer wee command shall not bee taken of them But they shall not bring other mens goods into our Dominions nor likewise recarry out of our Kingdome any other mens goods as their owne nor to sell or barter for other men Neither shall our Subiects buy and sell for them or from them neither shall they keepe any of our peoples goods or pawnes by them to owne or colour them Likewise they shall not send any of our Subiects to any Towne or Citie to buy Commodities But what Citie they come into themselues they shall sell their owne Commodities and buy our Commodities And when they shall come to our Heritage to great Vobsko and Nouagrod or to any other Citie within our Dominions with their Commodities that then our Gentlemen and Gouernours and all other officers shall suffer and let them passe according to this our Letter and to take no manner of Custome of them whatsoeuer for any of their Commodities for passing by nor for passage ouer any Bridges neither shall they take any other Custom whatsoeuer in all our Dominions And wheresoeuer they happen to come and doe proceed to buy and sell as also wheresoeuer they shall passe through with goods not buying of any Commoditie nor selling their owne then in those Cities they shall take of them no manner of Custome whatsoeuer as aforesaid and wee haue gratified and giuen them leaue to trade in all parts of our Dominions with their goods freely without Custome And likewise whensoeuer the English Merchants shall bee desirous to buy or sell or barter their wares with our Merchants wares for wares then shall they sell their wares whole sale and not by retaile Cloth by the pack and by Clothes and by remnants and Damasks and Veluets by the Piece and not by the Yard or asheene and such Commodities as is to be sold by waight not to sell them by the small waights that is to say by the Zolotnick Also they shall sell Wines by the Pipe and the Hogshead but by the Gallon Quart or Pot or Charke they shall not sell moreouer they shall buy sell and exchange their owne Commodities themselues and the Russe Merchants shall not sell or exchange for them or from them their Commodities neither shall they carry any mans goods to no manner of place vnder colour of their owne and which of the English Merchants would at any time sell his Commodities at Colmogro on the Dwina or at Vologda and at Yeraslauly they may and of all their Commodities throughout all our Cities and Dominion our Gentlemen Gouernours and all other Officers shall take no manner of Custome according to this our Imperiall Letter of fauour Also through all our Dominions Cities and Townes they shall hire Carriers Boats and men to labour or rowe in the said Boats at their owne cost Likewise when as the English Merchants shall desire to goe out of our Dominion into any other Kingdome or into their owne Land and that we thinke it good for them to take with them from our Treasure any Commodities to sell or exchange them for vs for such Commodities as shall be sitting to our Kingdome and to deliuer them to our Treasurer and with those their and our goods our Gentlemen and Gouernours shall suffer them to passe through all Cities and Townes within our Dominions without Custome as before And when they haue ended their Market and doe desire to goe from the Mosko then they shall appeare in the Chancerie to the Keeper of our Seale the Secretarie Vassily Yacolowich Schellcalou Likewise if there happen to the English Merchants any extremitie by Sea or that a ship be broken and that it be neere any place of our Kingdome then we command that all those goods shall bee brought out iustly and bee giuen to the English people that shall at that time bee in our Land or if they be not here then to lay them vp all together in one place and when the Englishmen come into our Land then to deliuer those goods to them Also wee haue bestowed on the English Merchants the House of Yourya in the Mosko by a Church of Saint Maxims neere the Marget to dwell in it as in former time keeping one House-keeper a Russe or one of their owne strangers but other Russe folkes they shall not keepe any Likewise these Merchants haue Houses in diuers our Cities as followeth A House
for another Friar The answer of Mangu Chan not wel vnderstood and deliuered by a drunken Interpreter Caracarum ten daies iourney from the Court of Mangu Chan toward the North as appeareth Ch. 36. Chap. 31. Of Pascha of Mentz in Lotharingia and William Bouchier the Goldsmith a Parisian Building in request They also reckon by Moones in East India Crac is a strong fortresse of the Templâ— is in the holy Land Chap. 32. Of Theodolus the Clerke of Acon how hee deceiued Mangu Chan and was imprisoned of 〈◊〉 Frier Andrew went from Cyprus by Persia. Blasphemous flattery The Golden Tablet of the Emperor of the Tartars Vastacius King of Pontus Or Erserum Sergius an Armenian Monke Chap. 33. Oâ— Mangu Chans holyday and how his principall wiâ—e and his eldest sonne came to the Diuine ceremonies of the Nestorians and oâ— their filthy â—â—wsingâ— The cold much preuayleth The 13. of Ian. Cotota Caten the principall Wife of Mangu Chan. Baltu the Son of Mangu Chan. * Vnum bucâ—eranum * Cosmos of Mares Milke Vid. sup Ianuary 20 Of the Fast of the Nestorians and Armenians and of their Processions vnto the Court of Mangu Chan his eldest Son and Wiues Saint Sâ—rkis Lent Mangu Chans Court visited with Processions How they diuine by the sholder blades of Rommes burnt blacke In M. Ienkinsons Voyage among the Tartars ye may reade of such a Diuination Threshold-Superstition They doe the like in Florida Baltues Court who was eldest Son of Mangu Chan. The Court of the third Lady The Armenians and Nestorians are ashamed to shew Christ fastned to the Crosse. Mangu built a Church The Court of the fourth Lady Drunkennesse not reproueable among the Tartars Chap. 35. How Lady Cota was cured of Sergius the counterfeit Monke Liâ—ence is granted him to carrie the Crosse aloft Rubarbe and the Crosse Miracle-workers with credulous Superstition Holy water not knowne in the East Sergius the Armenians Lye Sorcerie of foure swords The Crosse carried aloft Chap. 36. A description of the Countries about the Court of Mangu Chan and of their manner of writing and their money Chap. 3. Al Riuers bending towards the South and North runne towards the West Chap. 15. Su-Moal the Water Tartars to the East liuing vpon fish Kerkis Orangai Pascatir on the West Chap. 19. Mutezuma commanded the like in Noua Hispania * A description of Apes or else an embleme or Apish fable and perhaps by the Chinois inuented to sell their wares the dearer Most precious Purple Cataia vpon the Ocean Taute and Manse who dwell in Ilands whose Sea freezeth in the Winter Cataia paper money The manner of writing in Cataia like that of China The people of Thebet· Their manner of writing in Tangut and Iugur The money of the Rutenians Chap. 37. Of the second fast of the people of the East in Lent The Monke is reproued for the multitude of those that came vnto him Monkes Manichaean blasphemie of the Creation Snow-water or water of Ice exceeding naught No fish eaten in Lent Hypocriticall feast-fast Chap. 38. A Description of the worke of William Bouchier and of the Palace of Mangu Chan at Caracaâ—um into which Citie they entred on Palm-sunday Two moneths iourney The Description of a most artificiall siuer Tree The description of the Palace The Sunday in the Passion he goeth towards Caracarum They enter Caracarum on Palme Sunday Mangu Chan departeth from Caracarum Chap. 39. The manner how the Nestorians make the Sacramentall Bread The Christians confesse themselues and receiue the Sacrament of Frier William in the dayes of the Lords Supper and Easter The Christians desire the Sacrament Confession Theft excluded the ten Commandements perhaps these fellowes were of those Borderers minde which thought K. Henry had put it in the Decalogue The Patriarch of the Nestorians remayneth at Baldach Chap. 40. William Bouchier is sicke the Monke giueth him Rubarbe the Priest Ionas is sicke Frier William administreth the Lords Supper vnto him and anionteth him beeing readie to dye Hee reproueth the Monke for his Sorceries The Priest Ionas is sicke and dyeâ—h The Nestorians know not Extreme Vnction nor Confession He that is presenâ— with one that dyeth cannot come into the presence of the Prince for the space of an wholâ— yeare Bold blindnes The Monke vseth Diuinations Chap. 41. The description of the Citie of Caracarum they are examined Mangu Chan sendeth hâ—s brethren against diuers Kingdomes the Monke biddeth the Saracens farewell The Wife of Mangu Chan dyeth The Countrey of the Hassasines or Mulibet Chap. 16. Some of Cataia rebell Ascension day Arabucha the yonger brother of Mangu Chan. Ignorant zeale a betrayer of the Faith a cause perhaps of Tartarian Saracenisme One of the Wiues of Chan dyeth The Tartars do more by deceit then by force Chap. 42. They are often examined wherfore they came Mangu desireth to make comparison of Diuine things The most learned speech of Frier William with the Idolaters The Saracens acknowledge the truth of the Gospel The godly conference of Frier William with the Seruants of Mangu Chan. Mangu Chan desireth to haue a comparison made concerning diuine things betweene the Christians Saracens and Idolaterâ— His Answere Mangu Chan wil haue them returne Whitsunday Eeuen How Idolatry began first in the World The Proclamation of Mangu Chan. The murmuring of the Idolâ—ters agâ—inst Chan· The beginning of the disputation concerning the Christian Religion with an Idolater We ought first to speake of God The heresie of the Manichees in Cataia as a sprout from the Magi infecting all the Easterne Philosophie and Religions A Pythagorean child God is Omnipotent God knowes all things God perfectly good The Saracens answer that the Gospell is true The Sect of the Iugurs Chap 43. The day of Pentecost he is called before Mangu Chan who confesseth the faith of the Tartars he speaketh of his returne by Baatu he craueth leaue to stay there whiâ—h is not graunted A token of fauour The faith of the Tartars He speâ—keth of the Fryers returne Baatus greatnesse Hee craueth leaue againe to stay in the Tartars Countrey but it is not granted He departeth from the presence of Mangu Can. Chap. 44. A description of the Tartarian Sorcerers and of their diuers and vnlawfull behauiour Chiefe Priest of the Tartars Some of them know Astronomy Eclipses They fore-tell lucky and vnfortunat daiâ—s for the performance of all buâ—inesse whatsoeuer They cause all things senâ— to the Court passe betweene fires Friar Andrew and his fellows The ninth day of the Moone of May solemnly kept euery yeâ—re They are called to the birth of children and fore-tell their destinies and are also â—ent for when any are sicke The false accusations of the Sorcerers The Bishop of the Nestorians in Cataia A lyer and a murtherer from the beginning The Reuenge of Mangu Chan vpon his Wife being a murtherer The Sorcerers trouble the Ayre with their Charmes The Sorcerers raise vp deuils Chap. 45. Great Solemnity Mangu Chans Letters to
Mexico dated in the moneth of December 1591. With a Letter added written 1605. of later Discoueries H. pag. 1562. A Letter written from Valladolid by Ludouicus Tribaldus Toletus to Master Richard Hakluyt translated out of Latine touching Iuan de Onate his Discoueries in New Mexico fiue hundred leagues to the North from the Old Mexico H. pag. 1565. The Prologue of the Bishop Frier Bartholomew de las Casas or Casaus to the most high and mightie Prince Our Lord Don Philip Prince of Spaine pag 1568. CHAP. IIII. A briefe Narration of the destruction of the Indies by the Spaniards written by a Frier Bartholmew de las Casas a Spaniard and Bishop of Chiapa in America pag. 1569. Of the I le of Hispaniola pag. 1570. Of the two Iles Saint Iohn Iamayca pag. 1573 Of the I le of Cuba ibid. Of Terra Firma or the firme Land pag. 1575 Of the Prouince of Nicaragua pag. 1576. Of New Spaine pag. 1577. Of the Prouince and Realme of Guatimala pag. 1579. Of New Spaine and Panuco and Xalisco pag. 1580. Of the Realme of Yucatan pag. 1581. Of the Prouince of Saint Martha pag. 1583. Of the Prouince of Carthagene pag. 1584. Of the Coast of Pearles and of Paria and of the I le of the Trinitie ibid. Of the Riuer Yuia pari pag. 1587. Of the Realme of Venesuela ibid. Of the Prouinces of the firme Land or quarter that is called Florida pag. 1589. Of the Riuer of La plata ibid. Of the mightie Realmes and large Prouinces of Peru. ibid. Of the new Realme of Granado pag. 1591. Part of a Letter written by one which saw things mentioned pag. 1596. The summe of the Disputation betweene Frier Bartholomew de las Casas or Casaus and Doctor Sepulueda pag. 1601. CHAP. V. Notes of Voyages and Plantations of the French in the Northerne America both in Florida and Canada pag. 1603. CHAP. VI. The Voyage of Samuel Champlaine of Brouage made vnto Canada in the yeere 1603. dedicated to Charles de Montmorencie c. High Admirall of France H. pag. 1605 CHAP. VII The Patent of the French King to Monsieur de Monts for the Inhabiting of the Countries of La Cadia Canada and other places in New France pag. 1619. The Voyage of Monsieur de Monts into New France written by Marke Lescarbot pag. 1620. CHAP. VIII Collections out of a French Booke called Additions to Noua Francia contayning the Accidents there from the yeere 1607. to 1611. pag. 1642. CHAP. IX The first Plantation of English Colonies in Virginia briefly mentioned pag. 1645. CHAP. X. The Relation of Captaine Gosnols Voyage to the North part of Virginia begun the six and twentieth of March Anno 42. Elizabethae Reginae 16â—2 and deliuered by Gabriel Archer a Gentleman in the said Voyage H. pag. 1647. CHAP. XI Notes of the same Voyage taken out of a Tractate written by Iames Rosier to Sir Walter Raileigh and of Maces Voyage to Virginia pag. 1651. CHAP. XII A Voyage set out from the Citie of Bristoll at the charge of the chiefest Merchants and Inhabitants of of the said Citie with a small Ship and a Barke for the Discouery of the North part of Virginia in the yeere 1603. vnder the command of mee Martin Pringe H. pag. 1654. A Relation of the voyage made to Virginia in the Elizabeth of London a Barke of fiftie tunnes by Captaine Bartholmew Gilbert in the yeere 1603. Written by Master Thomas Canner a Gentleman of Barnards Inne his Companion in the same Voyage H. pag. 1656. CHAP. XIII Extracts of a Virginian Voyage made An. 1604. by Captaine George Waymouth in the Archangell Set foorth by the Right Honourable Henrie Earle of South-hampton and the Lord Thomas Arundel written by Iames Rosier H.P. pag. 1659 CHAP. XIIII The description of the Ilands of Azores or the Flemish Ilands taken out of Linschoten with certaine occurrents and English acts pag. 1667. Of certaine notable and memorable Accidents that happened during my continuance in Tercera in which are related many English Fleets Sea-fights and Prizes pag. 1672. The Contents of the Chapters and Paragraphs in the Ninth Booke of the Second part of Purchas his PILGRIMS CHAP. I. PArt of the first Patent granted by his Maiestie for the Plantation of Virginia Aprill the tenth 1606. pag. 1683. CHAP. II. Obseruations gathered out of a Discourse of the Plantation of the Southerne Colonie in Virginia by the English 1606. Written by that Honorable Gentleman Master George Percy H. pag. 1684 CHAP. III. The Description of Virginia by Captaine Iohn Smith inlarged out of his written Notes pag. 1691. Of such things which are naturall in Virginia and how they vse them pag. 1694. Of their planted Fruits in Virginia and how they vse them pag. 1696. Of the naturall Inhabitants of Virginia and their Customes pag. 1697. Of their Religion pag. 1701. Of the manner of the Virginians Gouernment pag. 1703. CHAP. IIII. The proceedings of the English Colonie in Virginia taken faithfully out of the writings of Thomas Studley Cape-Merchant Anas Todkill Doctor Russell Nathaniel Powell William Phetiplace and Richard Pot Richard Wiffin Tho. Abbay Tho. Hope and since enlarged out of the Writings of Captaine Iohn Smith principall Agent and Patient in these Virginian Occurrents from the beginning of the Plantation 1606. till Anno 1610. somewhat abbreuiated pag. 1705. The Proceedings and Accidents with the second suppy pag. 1719. CHAP. V. A Letter of Master Gabriel Archer touching the Voyage of the Fleet of Ships which arriued at Virginia without Sir Thomas Gates and Sir George Summers 1609. H. pag. 1733. CHAP. VI. A true reportorie of the wracke and redemption of Sir Thomas Gates Knight vpon and from the Ilands of the Bermudas his comming to Virginia and the estate of that Colonie then and after vnder the Gouernment of the Lord La Warre Iuly 15. 1610. written by Wil. Strachy Esq H. p. 1734 § 1. A most dreadfull Tempest the manifold deaths whereof are heere to the life described their Wracke on Bermuda and the description of those Ilands pag. 1734. § 2. Actions and Occurrents whiles they continued in the Ilands Rauens sent for Virginia Diuers Mutinies Paine executed Two Pinnaces built pag. 1742. § 3. Their departure from Bermuda and arriuall in Virginia Miseries there departure and returne vpon the Lord La Warres arriuing Iames Towne described pag. 1747. § 4. The Lord La Warres beginnings and proceedings in Iames Towne Sir Thomas Gates sent into England his and the Companies testimony of Virginia and cause of the late miseries pag. 1754. CHAP. VII The Voyage of Captaine Samuell Argal from Iames Towne in Virginia to seeke the I le of Bermuda and missing the same his putting ouer toward Sagadahoc and Cape Cod and so backe againe to Iames Towne begun the nineteenth of Iune 1610. H. pag. 1758. CHAP. VIII A short Relation made by the Lord De la Warre to the Lords and others of the Counsell of Virginia touching his vnexpected returne home and
the English and Spanish Fleets the Sea flight of the Spanish and miserable disasters in their returne Their lyes The Queenes religious triumph pag. 1895. Squadron of the Galeons of Portugall p. 1898. Don Alonso Peres de Gusman the good Duke of Medina Sidonia Countie of Nebla Marquesse of Casheshe in Africa Lord of the Citie of Saint Lucar Captaine Generall of the Occian Sea of the Coast of Andaluzia and of this Armie of his Maiestie and Knight of the honorable Order of the golden Fleece pag. 1902. The true relation of the successe of the Catholike Armie against their Enemies by the Letters of the Post-master of Logrono of the fourth of September and by Letters from Roan of the 31. of August and by Letters from Paris of the Kings Embassadour there wherein hee declareth the imprisonment of Francis Drake and other great Nobles of England and how the Queene is in the field with an Armie and of a certaine mutinie which was amongst the Queenes Armie with the successe of the said Catholike Armie since they entred in the Groyne till they came on the Coast of England with two Ballets compounded by Christouer Brauo a blinde man of Cordowa printed with licence by Gabriel Ramos Beiarano printer pag. 1913. CHAP. XII A discourse of the Portugall voyage Anno 1589. Sir Iohn Norris and Sir Francis Drake Generalls written as is thought by Colonell Antonie Wingfield imployed in the same voyage formerly published by his friend to whom it was written and here abbreuiated pag. 1914. CHAP. XIII A briefe and true report of the Honourable voyage vnto Cadiz 1596. of the ouerthrow of the Kings Fleet and of the winning of the Citie with other accidents gathered out of Meteranus Master Hackluyt and others pag. 1927. CHAP. XIIII The voyage to the Iles of Azores vnder the conduct of the Right Honorable Earle of Essex 1597. pag. 1935. § 1. The relation thereof by the said Earle and other Commissioners ibid. § 2. A larger relation of the said Iland voyage written by Sir Arthur Gorges Knight collected in the Queenes ship called the Wast Spite wherein he was then Captaine with Marine and Martiall discourses added according to the occurrences pag. 1938. The Conclusion of the Worke with some later aduertisements touching his Maiesties care for Virginia pag. 19â—0 Maps and Peeces cut in Brasse or VVood in the last ten Bookes AMerica p. 857 America Meridionalis p. 882 America Septentrionalis p. 853 Map of the Arctike Pole p. 625 Borussia or Prussia p. 626 Hondius his Map of China p. 361 Purchas his Map of China p. 402 Denmarke p. 622 England p. 1980 Florida p. 689 Great Britaine and Ireland p. 1981 Greenland p. 468 Vlphilas Gottick letters p. 658 Hispaniola p. 861 Island p. 644 Lithuania p. 629 Liuonia p. 627 Magellan Streight p. 900 Mexican hieroglyphic histor cut in 65. peeces p. 1067 c. to 1117. Moscouia p. 778 Norwegia p. 620 Polonia p. 630 Russia p. 220 Noua Scotia p. 1874 New Spaine p. 871 Tartaria p. 234 Taurica Chersonesus p. 632 Virginia p. 1692 PEREGRINATIONS AND DISCOVERIES IN THE REMOTEST NORTH AND EAST PARTS OF ASIA CALLED TARTARIA AND CHINA THE FIRST BOOKE CHAP. I. The Iournall of Frier WILLIAM DE RVBRVQVIS a French-man of the Order of the Minorite Friers vnto the East parts of the World Anno Dom. 1253. TO the most Excellent and most Christian Lord Lewis by Gods grace the Renowmed King of France Frier William de Rubruk the meanest of the Minorites Order wisheth health and continuall Triumph in Christ. It is written in the Booke of Ecclesiasticus concerning the Wiseman He shall trauell into forreine Countries and good and euill shall hee try in all things The very same Action my Lord and King haue I atchieued howbeit I wish that I haue done it like a wise man and not like a Foole. For many there bee that performe the same Action which a wise man doth not wisely but more vndiscreetly of which number I feare my selfe to bee one Notwithstanding howsoeuer I haue done it because you commanded mee when I departed from your Highnesse to write all things vnto you which I should see among the Tartars and you wished me also that I should not feare to write long Letters I haue done as your Maiestie enioyned me yet with feare and reuerence because I want words and Eloquence sufficient to write vnto so great a Maiestie Bee it knowne therefore vnto your Sacred Maiestie that in the yeare of our Lord 1253. about the Nones of May wee entred into the Sea of Pontus which the Bulgarians call the great Sea It contayneth in length as I learned of certayne Merchants one thousand and eight miles and is in a manner diuided into two parts About the midst thereof are two Prouinces one towards the North and another towards the South The South Prouince is called Synopolis and it is the Castle and Port of the Soldan of Turkie but the North Prouince is called of the Latines Gasaria of the Greekes which inhabit vpon the Sea shoare thereof it is called Cassaria that is to say Caesaria And there are certayne head-lands stretching forth into the Sea towards Synopolis Also there are three hundred miles of distance betweene Synopolis and Cassaria Insomuch that the distance from those points or places to Constantinople in length and breadth is about seuen hundred miles and seuen hundred miles also from thence to the East namely to the Countrey of Hiberia which is a Prouince of Georgia At the Prouince of Gasaria or Cassaria wee arriued which Prouince is in a manner three square hauing a Citie on the West part thereof called Kersoua wherein Saint Clement suffered Martyrdome And sayling before the said Citie wee saw an Iland in which a Church is said to be built by the hands of Angels But about the midst of the said Prouince toward the South as it were vpon a sharpe Angle or Point standeth a Citie called Soldaia directly against Synopolis And there doe all the Turkie Merchants which Traffique into the North Countries in their Iourney outward arriue and as they returne home-ward also from Russia and the said Northerne Regions into Turkie The foresaid Merchants transport thither Ermines and gray Furres with other rich and costly Skinnes Others carrie Clothes made of Cotton or Bombast and Silke and diuers kinds of Spices But vpon the East part of the said Prouince standeth a Citie called Matriga where the Riuer Tanais dischargeth his streames into the Sea of Pontus the mouth whereof is twelue miles in breadth For this Riuer before it entreth into the Sea of Pontus maketh a little Sea which hath in breadth and length seuen hundred miles and it it is in no place thereof aboue sixe paces deepe whereupon great Vessels cannot saile ouer it Howbeit the Merchants of Constantinople arriuing at the foresaid Citie of Materta send their Barkes vnto the Riuer of Tanais to buy dryed fishes Sturgeons Thosses Barbils
pleasure of God he came into these parts wherefore we would willingly stay with him because wee are Monkes and wee would pray together for the life of Chan. Then he held his peace and departed And we went vnto our house which we found very cold and without any Fuell as yet fasting and it was night Then he to whom we were recommended prouided vs Fuell and a little meate Our Guide was now to returne to Baatu who desired a Carpet of vs which by his Commandement we left in the Court of Baatu which we gaue him and he peaceably departed so kissing our right hand and confessing his fault if he suffered vs to indure hunger and thirst vpon the way We pardoned him crauing pardon of him and his whole Family if we had giuen them any euill example A Certaine Woman of Mentz in Lotharingia called Pascha found vs who made vs great cheere according to her power who belong to the Court of that Lady which was a Christian of whom I spoke before who told vs of her strange pouertie which she indured before she came to the Court but now she was well to liue for she had a young Husband a Rutenian by whom she had three very faire Children who was skilfull in building which amongst them is an excellent Art Moreouer she told vs that at Caracarum there was a certaine Goldsmith called William borne at Paris whose surname was Bouchier and his Fathers name Lawrence Bouchier and she thinketh he hath a Brother yet vpon the Great Bridge called Roger Bouchier And she told me that he had a certaine young man which he brought vp whom hee accounted as his Son who was an excellent Interpreter But Mangu Chan deliuered to the foresaid Gold-smith three hundred Iascots that is three thousand Markes and fiftie Worke-men to make a piece of worke so that she feared he could not send his Sonne vnto me For she heard some say vnto her in the Court The men which came from your Countrey are good men and Mangu Chan would willingly speak vnto them but their Interpreter is nothing worth therefore she was carefull for an Interpreter Then I writ vnto the foresaid Gold-smith certifying him of my comming hither and requesting him that if he could he would send me his sonne And he wrote me answere that he could not that Moone but the next his worke should bee perfected and then he would send him vnto me We stayed therefore with other Messengers And it is otherwise with Messengers in Baatu's Court then in the Court of Mangu Chan. For in the Court of Baatu there is one Iani on the East side who receiueth all such as come from the West and so of other Countries of the world But in the Court of Mangu they are all together vnder one Iani and they may see and visit one another In Baatu's Court they know not one another and know not one of another whether hee be a Messenger or no because they know not one anothers lodging nor see one another but in the Court and when one is called perchance another is not called For they goe not to the Court vnlesse they bee sent for Wee found there a certaine Christian of Damascus who said he came in behalfe of the Soldan of Mons Regatis and of Crac who desired to become friend and tributarie to the Tartars THE yeare also before I came thither there was a certaine Clerke of Acon who called himselfe Raimund but in truth his name was Theodolus and he tooke his iourney from Cyprus with Frier Andrew and went with him into Persia and got him certaine Instruments of Amoricus there in Persia who abode there after Frier Andrew Frier Andrew returning hee went forward with his Instruments and came to Mangu Chan who being demanded wherefore he came said That he was with a certaine holy Bishop to whom the Lord sent Letters from heauen written in golden Characters and commandeâ— him to send them to the Emperour of the Tartars because he should bee Lord of the whole Earth and that he should perswade men to make peace with him Then Mangu said vnto him If thou hadst broughâ— those Letters which came from heauen and the Letters of thy Lord then hadst beene welcome Then he answered That he brought Letters but they were with other things of his vpon a certaine wilde and pampered Gelding which escaping fled from him through the Woods and Mountaines so that he had lost all And it is very true that many such chances often happen wherefore a man must very warily hold his Horse when he alighteth for necessitie Then Mangu demanded the name of the Bishop He said he was called Odo Whereupon he told him of Damascus and Master William who was Clerke of the Lord Legat. Then Chan demanded in whose Kingdome it was To whom he made answer That it was vnder a certaine King of the Frankes called Moles for he had heard of that which happened at Mallora and he would haue said that they were of your Seruants moreouer hee told Chan that the Saracens were betweene the Frankes and him who hindred his way But if the way had beene open he would haue sent Messengers and willingly haue made peace with him Then Mangu Chan asked him If hee would bring his Messengers to that King and that Bishop He told him he would and also to the Pope Then Mangu caused an exceeding strong Bow to bee made which two men could scarse bend and two Arrowes whose heads were of Siluer full of holes which sing when they are shot like a whistle And he inioyned Moal whom hee should send with the said Theodolus Thou shalt goe to that King of the Frankes to whom this man shall bring thee and thou shalt present him with these in my behalfe And if he will haue peace with vs we will winâ—e the Countrey vpon the Saracens euen home to him and will grant him the rest of the Countrey vnto the West If otherwise bring backe the Bow and Arrowes vnto vs and tell him we shoot farre and smite strongly with such Bowes Then he caused Theodolus to goe forth whose Interpreter Master Williams Sonne was and in his heaâ—â—â—ing he said vnto Moal Thou shalt go with this man marke well the Waies the Countries and their Castles Men and Munition Then the young man blamed Theodolus saying He had done ill in conducting the Messengers of the Tartars with him for they went for no other cause but to spy Then hee answered That he would set them on the Sea that they should not know whence they came or which way to returne Mangu gaue also vnto Moal his golden Bâ—ll or Tablet to wit a plate of Gold of an hand-breadth and halfe a cubit long wherein his commandement is ingrauen Who so carrieth that may command what he will and it is done without delay So then Theodolus came to Vastacius determining to passe ouer to the Pope that he might
their returne goe backe againe to Acre to the Legate carrying with them Marco aforesaid and hauing gone to Ierusalem and fetched of the Oyle with the Legats Letters testifying their fidelitie to the Great Chan and that a Pope was not yet chosen they went againe towards Giazza In the meane time whiles they were going Messengers came from the Cardinals to the Legate declaring vnto him that he was chosen Pope and he called himselfe Gregorie Hearing this presently sending Messengers hee calleth backe the Venetians and admonisheth them not to depart preparing other Letters for them which they should present vnto the Great Chan of the Tartars with whom he also ioyned two Preaching Friars men famous for their honest conuersation and learning whereof the one was called Friar Nicolo Dauicenza the other Friar Guielmo da Tripoli To these hee gaue Letters and Priuiledges and authoritie to order Priests and Bishops and of all absolution as if himselfe were present with Presents also of great value and Crystall vessels to present the great Chan together with his Benediction They came to Giazza a Port of the Sea in Armenia And because Bentiochdare the Sultan of Babylon leuying a great Armie had then inuaded the Armenians the two Friars mentioned began to bee afraid of themselues and deliuering the Letters and Presents to Master Nicolo and Maffio and Marco desiring to auoide the danger of the wayes and perill of warres remayned with the Master of the Temple and returned with him But the three Venetians exposing themselues to all danger with many labours and much difficultie trauelled many dayes alwaies towards the North-east and North till they after three yeeres and a halfe came vnto the Emperour of the Tartars vnto the Citie called Clemenfu for in the Winter time their iourney had often and long hinderantes by reason of the snow and extreme cold and inundations of waters Moreouer King Cublai hearing that they were comming who were yet very farre off sent Messengers fortie dayes iourney to meet them who should conduct them and minister all necessaries for the iourney Going therefore to the Kings Court and being brought to his presence they fell downe before him on their faces yeelding the accustomed reuerence Of whom being curteously receiued they are willed to arise and he commandeth them to declare how they passed the diuers dangers of the wayes and what they had treated with the Bishop of Rome Then they orderly declare all things and giue the Emperour the Popes Letters and Presents which they brought Whereat the Chan wonderfull reioycing commended their faithfull cares The Oyle also brought from the Lampe of the Lords Sepulcher and offered vnto him hee reuerently receiued of them and commanded it should bee honourably preserued And asking of Marco who hee was Master Nicolo answered that he was his Maiesties seruant and his sonne Hee entertayned him with a friendly countenance and caused him to write amongst other his honourable Courtiers Whereupon he was much esteemed of all the Court and in a little space learned the customes of the Tartars and foure diuers Languages being able to write and reade them all The great Chan to make his wisedome more apparent committed an Embassage vnto him to be performed in a Citie called Carahan vnto the which he could scarcely attayne in sixe moneths space But he carrying himselfe wisely in all things discharged what hee had in comission not without the commendation and fauour of the Prince And knowing the Emperour was delighted with nouelties in the Countries which he passed thorow he diligently searched the customes and manners of men and the conditions of the Countries making a memoriall of all which he knew and saw to pleasure the Great Chan. And in sixe and twentie yeeres which he continued one of his Court he was so acceptable to him that he was continually sent thorow all his Realmes and Signiories for the affaires of the Great Chan and sometimes for his owne but by the Chans order And this is the true reason that the said Master Marco learned and saw so many nouelties of the East which follow in order diligently written But these Venetians hauing stayd in that Court many yeeres and growne very rich in Iewels of great value were inflamed with desire to visit their Countrey fearing that if the Chan now old should die they should not bee able to returne One day Master Nicolo seeing the Chan merrie craued licence to depart in the name of all three Whereat hee was moued and asked why they would put themselues on so dangerous a iourney and if they wanted riches he would giue them twice as much as they had and in great loue would not permit their departure Yet in the meane space it happened that a King of the Indians named Argon sent three wise men vnto the Court of Great Cublai whose names were Vlatai Apusca Coza to treat with him that he wold deliuer him a wife for his wife named Bolgana being lately dead begged this grace of the King at the point of death and left in her Wil that he should not marrie a wife of another Familie then her owne which was of Catay King Cublai therefore yeelding to his request caused to be fought out for them a faire young Mayden of seuenteene yeeres of age named Cogatin descended of the said Queenes stocke and to be the wife of Argon These Embassadors departing rode eight moneths the same way they came but found so hot warres betwixt the Tartars that they were constrayned to returne and acquainted the Chan with their proceedings Meane-whiles Master Marco had returned from the parts of India where he had beene employed with certaine ships and declared to the Chan the nouelties of the places and the securitie of those Seas which words hauing passed him the Embassadours conferred with the Venetians and agreed that they with the Queene should goe to the Great Chan and desire leaue to returne by Sea and to haue the three Latines men skilfull in Sea affaires with them to the Countrey of King Argon The Great Chan was much displeased with their request yet vpon their petition granted it and caused Nicolo Maffio and Marco to come to his presence and after much demonstration of his loue would haue them promise to returne to him after they had spent some time in Christendome and at their owne house And he caused to giue them a Tablet of Gold in which was written his commandement for their libertie and securitie thorow all his Dominions and that expenses should bee giuen them and theirs and a Guide or conuoy for safe passage ordayning also that they should be his Embassadours to the Pope the Kings of France of Spayne and to other Christian Kings Hee caused fourteene ships to be prepared each hauing foure Masts and able to beare nine Sayles in sayling the forme of which is too long here to relate Foure of them or fiue had from two hundred and fiftie to two
Visitation to his Palace There they abode foure or fiue moneths often visited in that Temple by principall men and Magistrates of the Citie and were in hope of their perpetuall continuance hauing obtayned licence of the Secretarie also for Ricius to come who was preparing for the Voyage when all was disturbed on a sudden the Vice-roy being I know not for what fault depriued of his place He fearing least in the chiefe Citie the presence of Strangers might further hurt him dismissed the Iesuites so as hee permitted them to stay at Canton commanding the Magistrate there to prouide them a house and ground The Chinois call that Citie Quam-cheu which the Portugals by the name of the Prouince deluded call Canton They well knew that his commission was of no force yet they went and the Haitau to whom the Charter was directed was absent and no regard being had thereof they were not permitted to ascend the bankes and therefore with griefe returned to Amacao Pasius presently sayled according to the Visitors appointment to Iapon and after diuers yeeres labour there was Vnderprouinciall of the China and Iaponian Missions and when both of those expeditions were by the Generals order made a Prouince he was declared Visitour thereof and came to Amacao to take order for China where within few moneths he died §. II. Iaponian Embassage to the Pope Of Nabunanga and Quabacondono their gouernment Corai inuaded Embassage from China TAICOSAMAS Temple and OGOSHOSAMAS succession HAuing mentioned that Embassage of Iaponian Kings sent to the Pope by procurement of the Iesuites out of their writings I haue heere added for further illustration the acts of the publike Consistorie in this forme of words Pope Gregorie the thirteenth sitting in the Hall designed for entertaynment of Kings and their Embassages on the three and twentieth of March 1585. in the morning in a most ample Session of the Cardinals of the Holy Romane Church and in a great assembly of Princes and Prelates with greatest industry and most frequent attendance of all Orders Mantius and Michael who was also of the Prince of Omur two Legates of Iaponian Kings were brought in and one of the two Iaponian companions of the same Embassage of principall Nobilitie to wit Martine for Iulian the other of them was withholden by sicknesse After solemne adoration of the Pope and the kisses of his blessed feet receiued of him with great demonstration of beneuolence and charitie they went aside into a place appointed them with great modestie Afterwards the Letters of the Kings which they had brought are publikely read being translated out of the Iaponian Tongue into the Italian and thence into the Latine First that of Francis King of Bungo who therein professeth the Diuine bountie in sending the Iesuites foure and thirtie yeeres before into those parts whose seed had taken some rooting in his breast which hee ascribes to the Popes prayers and merits And had it not beene for his age warres and sicknesse bee would haue visited those holy places and haue kissed his holy feet and set them on his head and receiued his blessing his breast crossed by his most holy hand but so detayned had thought to haue sent his sisters sonne the Lord Ierome Sonne of the King of Fiunga his Embassadour whose Cousin-german Mantius in his absence he now sent thankes him for the Relikes sent him c. Ian. 11. 1582. Inscribed To the great and most holy Pope to be adored and holding on Earth the place of the King of Heauen Subscribed Francis King of Bungo prostrate at your Blessednesse most holy feet Not much vnlike was the tenour of the second Letter sent from Protasius King of Arima who detayned by diuers lets had sent his Cousin-german in his roome to his Holinesse which with sincere and humble minde hee adoreth Inscribed To the great and holy Lord whom I adore holding the roome of God The Prince of Omur sent also the said Michael his Brothers Sonne with a Letter of like import inscribed With lifted vp hands adoring I offer these to the most holy Lord the Pope Vicar of the great God Subscribed in substance as the first After this silence was commanded and in the name of the said Kings and Legates Gasper Gonsaluas a Portugall Iesuite made an Oration vnto the Pope comparing and preferring this Embassage with that of certaine Indians to Augustus and the conuersion of Britaine by the first Gregorie with this of Iapon and other Ilands by the Thirteenth succeeding and exceeding that now fallen from the Pope applying Esays Prophecies of the Churches encrease to this Iesuiticall Haruest and magnifying the great glories of that Pope founder of Seminaries and magnified extra anni Solisque vias Antonio Buccapadulio answered in the name of the Pope That Francis King of Bungo Protasius King of the Arimans and Bartholmew his Vncle Prince of Omur hath sent you their kinsmen to him from the remote Iaponian Ilands to the veneration of that power in presence which by Gods bounty he holdeth they haue done godly and wisely For there is one Faith one Catholike Church one made Gouernour ouer the said Church and Pastor of Christs Flocke that is of all Catholikes thorow the World in the succession of Peter the Roman Bishop That they acknowledge and professe this together with the mysteries of the orthodoxe Faith our most holy Lord reioyceth and giueth immortall thankes to the Diuine bounty and iudges this to be the most true ioy which proceedeth from the studie of Gods glorie and the saluation of Soules Therefore most willingly together with these his venerable Brethren Cardinals of the Roman Church hee embraceth the testification of their Faith Obedience Deuotion He wisheth and prayeth that by their example other Kings and Princes also of those Iles and of the whole World reiecting the worship and errour of Idols may know the true God and whom he hath sent Iesus Christ for this is life eternall This done the Consistorie was dismissed The Legates when they had attended the Pope after the custome into the inner roomes were first entertayned of the Popes brothers sonne the Cardinall of Saint Sixtus with a Banket after that admitted to the Popes prâ—uate and familiar conference they discoursed by Interpreters with him of many things touching the Iourney and Religion then went to Saint Peters Church and the holy Thresholds of the Apostles piously saluted at night were honourably brought to their lodging This was prepared and furnished in the Iesuites Colledge by the Popes appointment at their first comming to Rome the two and twentieth of March who also sent two troops of Horse to guard them They went from their Charet to the Temple and whiles they praised God and worshipped at the greatest Altar the Students of the German Colledge in a double Quire sang Te Deum laudamus The Legates next day had audience as yee haue heard their Vestment was parti-coloured and embroidered a short Sword on
the left hand an Arab Dagger on the right the other part of their habite Iaponian The pompe of all sorts and the Ordnance attended them to the Vatican there the Italian Garrison and Heluetian Guard with their Peeces and military Musicke receiued them Then were they lead into the Hall and after all things there finished the Legates carried the Popes traine at his departure And on the fiue and twentieth day festiuall for the Annuntiation the Pope going on solemne Procession these Legates rode in the last place What should I say more sayth our Authour it cannot be told how all magnifie the mercy of God which brings farre more at this time from the East and West to the Catholike Church then the Deuill hath seduced in the North. These Iaponian Lords returned into India 1586. as Valignanus writeth and were much endangered by a tempest Their returne into Iapon is signified by the Letters of Michael to the Archbishop of Ebora testifying their arriuall the one and twentieth of Iuly 1590. at Nangasach with the said Valignanus and by the Letter of Don Sancius Sonne and Successour to Bartholmew Prince of Omur to Pope Xistus the fifth with thankes for the wood of the Crosse and the Sword sent his Father which should be kept amongst his principall Iewels Protasius also the King of Arima wrote to the Great and most holy Pope Xistus or Sixtus in this manner On the sixteenth of the sixth Moone which was the one and twentieth of Iuly 1690. heere arriued the Father Visitour of the Societie of Iesus with Cingiua Don Michael my kins-man Don Mancius and other companions which I had sent to Rome to put their heads vnder your Holinesse feet Whose comming did as much reioyce me as if a thousand Autumnes had comne to me and ten thousand yeeres had beene added to my life Don Michael related with what honour and fauour hee was entertayned of your Holinesse of King Philip and other Catholike Princes for which I render those thankes which Pen and Paper cannot expresse He deliuered me Letters also which your Holinesse vouchsafed mee fauourably reckoning mee amongst the Christian Kings Hee brought me also part of the holy Wood of the true Crosse a Hat and a Sword which your Holinesse is wont to send to Christian Kings and Princes Which fauour and studies are such and so esteemed of mee that I haue determined to consecrate them to eternall memory and to place them amongst my chiefe Treasures and the Ornaments and Monuments of my posteritie And this honour conferred on mee is such that greater cannot be in this life and it redounds vnto a future good life I had determined according to the order prescribed of your H. in his Letters and as the fauour and so great benefits bestowed on mee deserued to haue receiued the said Presents with all the celebritie and pompe that might be in my Kingdome but the Father Visitour shewed mee that respect was to be had of the tyrannie and great hatred wherewith Quabacondono the Lord of all Iapon persecuteth the Fathers and Christians these three yeeres together and this feast to be deferred till he returneth from Meaco whither hee is going in Embassage from the Vice-roy of India to Quabacondono c. The ninth yeere of the Era called Tenscio the tenth of the eighth Moone which is the two and twentieth of September An. 1590. At your Highnesse feet Arimano Sciurino Daibu Don Protasius This Quabacondono as L. Froes writeth was now growne the greatest Monarch that euer Iapon had hauing ascended thereunto from a base estate which was as hee hath diuers times with his owne mouth confessed to cut wood and to carrie it to the Market to sell for his daily food Nobunanga his Predecessor had growne to great height such as many ages had not there seene In Frenoiama eight hundred yeeres before a King of Iapon had builded 3800. Temples with houses adioyned for the Bonziâ— which employed themselues in the studie of the Lawes and Sects for whose quietnesse he remoued the Husbandmen and builded them two streets allowing to their maintenance about the third part of the Customes or Rents of the Vomen Kingdome Thus became it a fountaine of their superstitions In time those Temples dispersed in sixteene Vallies were lessened to 800. and the Bonzian discipline and studies melted into pleasures hardned into Armes and ranged into robberies so that they fired Meaco with great slaughter and opposed Nobunanga who hauing destroyed the Militarie Bonzi called â—coxos and taken away their Castles inuaded Frenoiama professing he feared not their Gods On the top of a Hill was the Temple of Quanon to whom prayers and pilgrimages were made for health wealth and long life and yeerely solemnities and Playes with huge pompe and cost were made in his honour to which the Gibon feast at Meaco succeeded with frequency of men deuices of work-men and such order that it may appeare that Satan there imitates the anniuersary solemnitie of Corpus Christi amongst vs. Thither the Bonzi had gotten but it and they and their streets were destroyed and foure hundred Temples with their furniture burned At Facusangin also were a thousand houses of the Bonzi by themselues besides Monasteries which he destroyed Xinguea the King of Cainochun had forced his Father to exile and imprisoned his elder Brother and then seized on the Kingdome after which he shaued his beard and haire and became a Bonzo and would needs repaire Frenoiama and stiling himselfe Chiefe in the house of the Kings and of Religions gathered an Armie Nabunanga wrote to him calling himselfe Tamer of Deuils and enemie of Sects Hee proceeded first against the Bonzi with these terrours and after would needs himselfe be worshipped but eighteene dayes after in a conspiracy of his owne against him he was slaine and his dispersed Quabacondono succeeded and in greatnesse of attempts and ambition exceeded This Quabacondono is a title which Faxiba assumed and is as much as Treasurer These titles are giuen by the Vo or Dairi descended of the ancient Kings and now enioying a strange Empire which is to giue titles of honour for which all great men haue their Factors with him and is esteemed as a God not suffered to tread on the ground that were deposition nor often seene and gets much treasure out of those Titles which he so often changeth that the King of Bungo was by the Iesuites obserued foure and thirty times to haue altered his appellations There is a high Priest who with Papall power authorizeth Sects confirmeth and consecrateth the Tundi or Bishops which are nominated by the Kings and enioyeth Royall reuenues The Quingue is the third person and hath power ouer Iudgements and Warres But the Lords of Tensa that is such as haue power to get into their hands Meaco and the Region adioyning are really chiefe Lords and command the State though in seeming ceremonie as the Turkes to
Theodore The same Note is taken vp by the Priests and Deacons that are placed at the right and left side of the Church and then altogether they chaunt and thunder out singing Many yeeres to the Noble Theodore good honourable beloued of God great Duke of Volodemer Mosko Emperour of all Russia c. These Solemnities being ended first commeth the Patriarch with the Metropolites Archbishoppes and Bishops then the Nobilitie and the whole Companie in their order to doe homage to the Emperour bending downe their heads and knocking them at his feet to the very ground The Stile wherewith hee is inuested at his Coronation runneth after this manner Theodore Iuanowich by the grace of God great Lord and Emperour of all Russia great Duke of Volodemer Mosko and Nouograd King of Cazan King of Astracan Lord of Plesko and great Duke of Smolensko of Twerria Ioughoria Permia Vadska Bulghoria and others Lord and great Duke of Nouograd of the Low Countrey of Chernigo Rezan Polotskoy Rostoue Yaruslaueley Bealozera Leifland Oudoria Obdoria and Condensa Commander of all Siberia and of the North parts and Lord of many other Countreyes c. This stile contayneth in it all the Emperours Prouinces and setteth forth his greatnesse And therefore they haue a great delight and pride in it forcing not onely there owne people but also Strangers that haue any matter to deliuer to the Emperour by Speech or writing to repeat the whole forme from the beginning to the end Which breedeth much cauill and sometimes quarrell betwixt them and the Tartar and Poland Ambassadours who refuse to call him Czar that is Emperour and to repeat the other parts of his long Stile My selfe when I had audience of the Emperour thought good to salute him onely with thus much viz. Emperour of all Russia great Duke of Volodemer Mosko and Nouograd King of Cazan King of Astracan The rest I omitted of purpose because I knew they gloried to haue their Stile appeare to be of a larger Volume then the Queenes of England But this was taken in so ill part that the Chancellor who then attended the Emperour with the rest of the Nobilitie with a lowd chasing voyce called still vpon me to say out the rest Whereto I answered that the Emperours Stile was very long and could not so well be remembred by Strangers that I had repeated so much of it as might shew that I gaue honour to the rest c. But all would not serue till I commanded my Interpreter to say it all out THe manner of their Gouernment is much after the Turkish fashion which they seeme to imitate as neere as the Countrey and reach of their capacities in Politike Affaires will giue them leaue to doe The State and forme of their Gouernment seemeth to apply all to the behoofe of the Prince and that after a most open manner as may appeare by the Sophismata or secrets of their Gouernment afterwards set downe aswell for the keeping of the Nobilitie and Commons in an vnder proportion and farre vneuen ballance in their seuerall degrees as also in their Impositions and Exactions without any regard of Nobilitie or People farther then it giueth the Nobilitie a kind of libertie to exact vpon the Commons and baser sort of People in all parts of the Realme wheresoeuer they come specially in the place where their Lands lye or where they are appointed by the Emperour to gouerne vnder him Also to the Commons some small contentment in that they passe ouer their Lands by discent of Inheritance to whether Sonne they will which commonly they doe after our Gauill kind and dispose of their goods by gift or Testament without any controllment Concerning the principall points and matters of State wherein the Souereignetie consisteth as the making and annulling of publike Lawes the making of Magistrates power to make Warre or League with any Forreine State to execute or to pardon life with the right of Appeale in all matters both Ciuill and Criminall they doe so wholy and absolutely pertayne to the Emperour and his Counsell vnder him as that he may be said to be both the Souereigne Commander and the Executioner of all these For as touching any Law or publike Order of the Realme it is euer determined of before any publike Assembly or Parliament be summoned Where besides his Councell hee hath none other to consult with him of such matters as are concluded before hand but onely a few Bishops Abbots and Friers to make aduantage of the peoples Superstitions euen against themselues which thinke all to be holy and just that passeth with consent of their Bishops and Clergie men whatsoeuer it be For which purpose the Emperours are content to make much of the corrupt state of the Church as now it is among them and to nourish the same by extraordinary fauours and Immunities to the Bishops Seas Abbeyes and Frieries as knowing Superstition and false Religion best to agree with a Tyrannicall State and to be a speciall meanes to vphold and maintayne the same Secondly as touching the publike Offices and Magistracies of the Realme there is none hereditarie neyther any so great nor so little in that Countrey but the bestowing of it is done immediately by the Emperour himselfe Insomuch that the very Diacks or Clerkes in euery head Towne are for the most part assigned by himselfe Notwithstanding the Emperour that now is the better to entend his Deuotions referreth all such matters pertayning to the State wholly to the ordering of his Wiues Brother the Lord Borris Federewich Godonoe Thirdly the like is to be said of the Iurisdiction concerning matters Iudiciall specially such as concerne life and death Wherein there is none that hath any authoritie or publike Iurisdiction that goeth by Discent or is held by Charter but all at the appointment and pleasure of the Emperour and the same practised by the Iudges with such awe and restraint as that they dare not determine vpon any speciall matter but must referre the same wholly vp to the Mosko to the Emperours Councell To shew his Souereigntie ouer the liues of his Subjects the late Emperour Iuan Vasilowich in his walkes or progresses if he had misliked the face or person of any man whom he met by the way or that looked vpon him would command his head to be strooke off Which was presently done and the head cast before him Fourthly for the Souereigne Appeale and giuing of Pardons in Criminall Matters to such as are conuicted it is wholly at the pleasure and grace of the Emperour Wherein also the Empresse that now is being a woman of great Clemencie and withall delighting to deale in publike Affaires of the Realme the rather to supply the defect of her Husband doth behaue her selfe after an absolute manner giuing out pardon specially on her birth day and other solemne times in her owne name by open Proclamation without any mention at all of the Emperour Some there haue beene
so make them as holy as a horse Their set day for the solemne action of hallowing their Riuers is that we call Twelfth-day The like is done by other Bishops in all parts of the Realme Their manner is also to giue it to their sicke in their greatest extremitie thinking that it will either recouer them or sanctifie them to God Whereby they kill many through their vnreasonable superstition as did the Lord Borris his onely sonne at my being at the Mosko whom he killed as was said by the Physitians by powring into him cold Holy-water and presenting him naked into the Church to their Saint Basileo in the cold of Winter in an extremitie of sickenesse They haue an Image of Christ which they call Neruchi which signifieth as much as Made without hands for so their Priests and superstition withall perswadeth them it was This in their Processions they carry about with them on high vpon a pole enclosed within a Pixe made like a Lanthorne and doe reuerence to it as to a great mysterie At euery brewing their manner is likewise to bring a dish of their woort to the Priest within the Church which being hollowed by him is powred into the brewing and so giueth it such a vertue as when they drinke of it they are seldome sober The like they doe with the first fruits of their Corne in Haruest They haue another Ceremony on Palm-sunday of ancient tradition what time the Patriarch rideth through the Mosko the Emperour himselfe holding his horse bridle and the people crying Hosanna and spreading their vpper garments vnder his horse feet The Emperour hath of the Patriarch for his good seruice of that day two hundred Rubbels of standing pension Another pageant they haue much like to this the weeke before the Natiuitie of Christ when euery Bishop in his Cathedrall Church setteth forth a shew of the three children in the Ouen Where the Angell is made to come flying from the roofe of the Church with great admiration of the lookers on and many terrible flashes of fire are made with rosen and gun-powder by the Chaldeans as they call them that run about the Towne all the twelue dayes disguised in their players coats and make much good sport for the honor of the Bishops pageant At the Mosko the Emperour himselfe and the Empresse neuer faile to be at it though it be but the same matter plaid euery yeere without any new inuention at all Besides their fasts on Wednesdayes and Fridayes throughout the whole yeere the one because they say Christ was sold on the Wednesday the other because he suffered on the Friday they haue foure great Fasts or Lents euery yeere The first which they call their great Lent is at the same time with ours The second about Mid-summer The third in Haruest time The fourth about Hallontide which they keepe not of pollicie but of meere superstition In their great Lent for the first weeke they eat nothing but bread and salt and drinke nothing but water neither meddle with any matter of their vocation but intend their shriuing and fasting only They haue also three Vigils or Wakes in their great Lent which they call Stoiania and the last Friday their great Vigil as they call it What time the whole Parish must be present in the Church and watch from nine a clocke in the Euening till sixe in the morning all the while standing saue when they fall downe and knocke their heads to their Idols which must bee an hundred and seuentie times iust through the whole night About their burialls also they haue many superstitious and prophane Ceremonies as putting within the finger of the corps a letter to Saint Nicolas whom they make their chiefe mediatour and as it were the porter of heauen gates as the Papists doe their Peter In Winter time when all is couered with snow and the ground so hard frozen as that no spade nor pick-axe can enter their manner is not to bury their dead but to keepe the bodies so many as die all the Winter time in an house in the suburbs or out-parts of the Towne which they call Bohsedom that is Gods house where the dead bodies are pyled vp together like billets on a woodstacke as hard with the frost as a verie stone till the Spring-tide come and resolueth the frost what time euerie man taketh his dead friend and committeth him to the ground They haue besides their yeeres and moneths mindes for their friends departed What time they haue prayers said ouer the graue by the Priest who hath a peny ordinary for his paines When any dieth they haue ordinary women mourners that come to lament for the dead partie and stand howling ouer the body after a prophane and heathenish manner sometimes in the house sometimes bringing the body into the back-side asking him what he wanted and what he meant to die They bury their dead as the party vsed to goe with coat hose bootes hat and the rest of his apparell Many other vaine and superstitious Ceremonies they haue which were long and tedious to report By these it may appeare how farre they are fallen from the true knowledge and practice of Christian Religion hauing exchanged the Word of God for their vaine Traditions and brought all to externall and ridiculous Ceremonies without any regard of Spirit and Truth which God requireth in his true worship THe Emperours priuate behauiour so much as may be or is meet to bee knowne is after this manner Hee riseth commonly about foure a clock in the morning After his apparrelling and washing in commeth his ghostly Father or Priest of his chamber which is named in their tongue Otetz Duhouna with his Crosse in his hand where with he blesseth him laying it first on his forehead then vpon his cheekes or sides of his face and then offereth him the end of it to kisse This done the Clerke of the Crosse called Chresby Deyack Profery bringeth into his Chamber a painted Image representing the Saint for that day for euery day with them hath his seuerall Saint as it were the Patrone for that day This hee placeth among the rest of his Image Gods wherewithall his Chamber is decked as thicke almost as the wall can beare with Lampes and Waxe-candles burning before them They are very costly and gorgeously decked with Pearle and Precious Stone This Image being placed before him the Emperour beginneth to crosse himselfe after the Russe manner first on the fore-head then on both sides of his brest with Aspody Pomeluy Pomeluy mena hospody sacroy mena gresnick Syhodestua which is as much to say as Helpe me O Lord my God Lord comfort me defend and keepe me a Sinner from doing euill c. This he directeth towards the Image or Saint for that day whom hee nameth in his Prayer together with our Lady whom they call Precheste Saint Nicholas or some other to whom he beareth most deuotion bowing
Mosco shall not be suffered to passe further that if Iohn Merricke with his fellowes and seruants doe not goe for England but after their Market is ended doe purpose to come backe againe to Mosco that then at the Castle of Archangell Timophey Matphewich Lazaroue and our Secretarie Rohmaneeu Voronaue as also at all other our Castels and Cities our Generals Secretaries and all other our Officers shall let passe the English Merchant Iohn Merricke with his fellowes and seruants without all stay or hinderance and as for custome of them their goods or their seruants there shall not be any taken And after the Reading of this our Letter and Passe you shall keepe the Copie of it by you but this you shall deliuer backe againe to the said Iohn and his companie Written at our Campe at Molodone the yeare from the beginning of the World 7113. the eighteenth of Iune The last of Iuly 1605. at Archangell The Copie of the translation of a Commission that was sent from the Mosko from the Emperour DEMETRY EVANOWICH alias GRYSHCA OTREAPYOVE by a Courtier named GAVARYLA SAMOYLOWICH SALMANOVE who was sent downe to the Castle of Archangell to Sir THOMAS SMITH then Lord Embassadour as followeth THe great Lord Emperour and great Duke Demetry Euanowich of all Russia hath commanded Gauareela Samoylowich Salmanoue to goe to Vologda and from Vologda to the new Castle of Archangell or wheresoeuer he shall ouertake the English Ambassadour Sir Thomas Smith Also when he hath ouertooke the Ambassadour then Gauareele shall send the Ambassadour his Interpreter Richard Finch willing him to certifie vnto the Ambassadour that the great Lord Emperour and great Duke Demetry Euanowich sole commander of Russia hath sent vnto him one of his Courtiers in regard of his Maiesties affaires and after some two houres respite Gauareela himselfe shall ride to the Ambassadour and deliuer vnto him his Maiesties speeches as followeth THe great Lord Emperour and great Duke Demetry Euanowich of all Russia and of many Kingdomes Lord and commander Hath commanded thee Thomas the English Ambassadour to certifie vnto Iames King of England Scotland France and Ireland that by the iust iudgement of God and his strange power we are come and succeeded into the place of our Father and predecessours as also we are come to the throne of the great and famous Kingdome of Vlodemer Mosco and to the Empire of Cazan Astaracan and Siberia and of all the Kingdomes of the Empire of Russia being an Empire belonging to the great Lords Emperours and great Dukes of all Russia Moreouer we calling to memorie the sending loue and amitie betwixt our Father the great Lord and Emperour and great Duke Euan Vasilywich of all Russia of famous memorie as also our Brother the great Lord and Emperour and great Duke Feoder Euanowich of all Russia sole commander with their sister Elizabeth Queene of England in the like manner doe we purpose to haue sendings and to be in loue with your Lord King Iames and more then hath bin in former time And in token of our said loue and amitie we doe intend to fauour all his subiects in our Land and to giue vnto them freer libertie then they haue had heretofore and you his Ambassadour we haue commanded to dispatch without all delay or hindrance Therefore we would haue you to make knowne vnto your Lord King Iames our Maiesties loue And as soone as God shall grant the time of our Coronation to be finished and that we are crowned with the Emperiall crowne of our predecessours according to our manner and worthinesse then we the great Lord Emperor and great Duke Demeetry Euanowich of all Russia sole Commander will send our messenger to salute each other according to the former manner And concerning those Letters which were sent by you from Borris Godenoue we would haue you deliuer them backe againe to our Courtier Gauareela and after the deliuerie of our speeches to returne him to the Emperour vnder written by the Chancellour Ofanasy Euanowich Vlaseou The Copie of the Translation of a new Priuiledge that was giuen to the Company by the Emperour DEMEETRY EVANOWICH otherwise called GRYSHCA OTREAPYOVE the which Priuiledge was sent into England ouer-land by OLYVER LYSSET Marchant and seruant to the foresaid Company GOD the Trenitie before and without the beginning the Father the Sonne and the holy Ghost establish vs to hold and keepe our Scepter and Realme for the good of our Land and the happinesse of our people Wee the resplendant and manifest and not the miserable vpholder but sole commander the great Duke Demetry Euanowich by the mercy of God Casar and great Duke of Russia and of all the Empire of Tartaria and many other Kingdomes as also of the great Monarchie of Mosco Lord Emperour and Commander Haue bestowed and gratified vnto the English Merchants viz. Sir Thomas Smith Knight Sir Iohn Spencer Knight Sir Humfrey Wild Knight Robert Doue Robert Chamberline William Garaway Iohn Haruey Richard Stapers Iohn Merricke Richard Wryght Richard Cocks Thomas Farrington Richard Wych George Bowles Bartholomew Barnes Richard Bowldra Iohn Casten Edward Chery Thomas the sonne of Alexander alias Hicks we haue giuen them free liberty to come with their ships into our Realme and Dominion and to the Country of Dwina to the Castle of Archangel and to Colmogro with all maner of commodities and to trade freely as also to come from the sea side by land or by water to our great dominion and Caesars City of Mosco great Nouogrod and Vobsko and all other cities within our dominions to trade with all manner of commodities in the same forme and manner as heretofore was bestowed on the English Merchants in the time of our father of famous memory the great Lord and Caesar and great Duke Euan Vassilywich of all Russia sole Commander and as was granted vnto them in the time of our Brother the great Duke Theodor Euanowich of all Russia sole Commander And as for custome of their goods or for passing by as also for the custome of their boates or for Head-money or for going ouer bridges or Ferryes or for entrie of goods As also all manner of Custome whatsoeuer we command shall not bee taken of them Also the English Merchants shall not bring nor sell other mens goods in our Dominion as their owne neither shall our Subiects buy or sell or traffique for Also our Subiects pawnes they shall not keep by them nor send others about the Cities to buy goods but what Cities they come into themselues they shall trafficke and sell their owne commodities and buy Russe commodities freely And when they come into our Dominion of great Nouogrod and Vobsko or to any other Cities within our Realme to trafficke with their goods and that after the market is past they shall bee desirous to passe for Mosco or for England then our Gentlemen and Gouernours and all people shall according to this our Caesars Letter let them passe without delay
called Keeyeue thus according to the Deuils instructing of him as one forsaken of God he made this his doing manifestly known to all people leauing off his Monks Habit and withall by the counsell and aduice of our Enemie the Polish King and one of his Palatines named Sandamersko Yourya with Duke Constantine and Duke Veshneuetskoy and his Brethren with other Polish Lords that were of his Councell began to call him the Son of the great Lord Emperour and great Duke Euan Vassilywich by name Prince Demetry of Owglitts As also by his villanous treacherie and the Deuills perswading of him he made much trouble in our Land by sending abroad many of his intising and prouoking Letters to diuers places vpon the borders of our Countrey that is to a place called Done and to the Volgoe to our Cossacks and Souldiers naming himselfe to be the Prince Demetry of Owglitts Moreouer there came to our Kingdome of Mosko many Polish Spies which brought and dispersed Libels both in Citie and Townes and in the high-wayes practising to rayse dissention in the Kingdome of Mosko Also it is well knowne not only to them in the Empire of Mosko but likewise in other Kingdomes that the great Lord Emperour and great Duke Euan Vassilywich of famous memory had a Sonne called by the name of Prince Demetry and after his Fathers decease there was giuen vnto him and his Mother the Citie of Owglitts But in the yeere 7095. being in the Reigne of the great Lord Emperour and great Duke Theodore Euanowich of all Russia this foresaid Demetry was murthered by the order and appointment of Boris Godenoue And at his Funerall was his Mother now called the Empresse Martha with her owne Brethren by name Michaila and Greegory the Sonnes of Theodore Nahouo Likewise to his burying there was sent from the Mosko Metropolitanes and Archimandreets and Abbots and the great Lord Emperour and great Duke Theodore Euanowich sent to his Funerall many Nobles and Courtiers of the Land which saw him buried in the chiefest and principall Church of Owglitts Moreouer Martha the Dutches and Empresse his Mother is yet liuing and many of her Brothers and Vnckles which doe at this present time serue vs the great Lord Emperour and great Duke Vassily Euanowich of all Russia sole Commander Likewise in these last yeeres past as in Anno 7111. and in Anno 7112. and 7113. concerning that foresaid Traytour and Hereticke the forsaken of God Gryshca Otreapyoue many of our Gentlemen Captaynes and others our Officers did many times write from the North parts of the borders of our Kingdome into Poland and Letto and to others their inferiour Cities to the Rulers and Gouernours of the same as also our spirituall people the Patriarke the Metropolitans Archbishops and Bishops wrote vnto the spirituall people of Poland declaring vnto them what that Heretick and Traytor was likewise from whence he came and what manner of person he was as also of his demeanour and likewise of the occasion why hee runne away to them out of the Land as also the manner of the making away of the Prince Demetry and withall requested the Rulers and Spirituall people of Poland that they knowing what Runnagate this was would not giue credit vnto him nor to make a breach of the late league concluded vpon But the Gouernours of the Dukedome of Poland and Letto as also the spirituall men according to the King of Poland his commandment gaue no credit vnto our writings but began more then before to intice and perswade men to vphold the Traitor and to aide him Moreouer to make trouble and dissention in our Land they tooke this forsaken of God Greeshca vnto them and cald him by the name of Prince Demetry of Owglits likewise the King gaue vnto him a chaine of gold with many thousand peeces of Polish gold to the defraying of his charges as also sent in armes to our borders with one of his Lords the Palatine Sendamersko and another of his chiefest Lords with many troopes of Poles But when the Emperour Boris vnderstood how that this Gryshca Otreapyoue was called by the name of Prince Demetry Euanowich of Owglits and withall that they did aide and helpe him against the Kingdome of Russia he caused his Counsell to send a messenger as from themselues to the Polish Lord Panameerada which Messenger was named Smeernay Otreapyoue being Vnckle to the said Gryshca Otreopyoue being the Son of one Iamateen Otrepayou onely to declare vnto them what this Gryshca was but that Polish Lord Panameerada would not suffer him and his Vnckle to be brought face to face But he made answer to the said Messenger Smeernay that they did not aide him neither did they stand for him in any sort So after he had sent away the Messenger Smeernay the King of Poland and the Lord Panameerada did aide Gryshca Otreapyoue with men and treasure more liberally then before purposing to make great strife and trouble and to shed much bloud in the Kingdome of Mosco Also at the same time Sigismund King of Poland requested the aide of one of the Princes of Crim in Tartaria named Cazateera and to that end he should aide Gryshca with his forces against the Kingdome of Mosko and he in consideration did promise to giue vnto the foresaid Crim Prince what hee would demand Then the Emperour Boris vnderstanding what practises were in hand being altogether contrary to the league thereupon purposely he sent to Sigismund King of Poland another speciall Messenger one named Posnicke Agareoue likewise at the same time the holy Patriarke of Mosco and all Russia with the Metropolitans Archbishops and Bishops with all the rest of the holy Clergie sent their Messengers with Letters to the State of Poland and so the great Dukedome of Letto to the Archbishops and Bishops and to all the Spiritualtie Moreouer in the said Letters the Emperour Boris with the Patriarke and all the holy assembly wrote vnto the Lord Panameerada concerning Gryshca making it knowne vnto them what he was and wherefore he ranne away into Poland and likewise that the Sonne of the great Lord Emperour and great Duke Euan Vasiliwich the Prince Demetry was dead And to that intent that the King Sigismund should not giue credit to the said Gryshca and that they should not spill Christian bloud nor violate the league Hereupon Sigismund King of Poland writ vnto the Emperour Boris and further by word of mouth both he and Panameerada deliuered to the said messenger in his message that hee did hold and keepe their League and moreouer did not violate or breake his oath no manner of way and likewise did write that he did not ayde that foresaid Gryshca neither did giue credit vnto him withall denying that he was with him in his Kingdome and further he did write that if there were any out of Poland or Letto that did aide or assist him that then they should be executed But after
couenants and agreements the Generall Sandamersko himselfe hath confessed to our Maiestie and Nobles that the foresaid agreements and couenants betwixt him and the foresaid Gryshca were true and how that they trusted one to another moreouer the Palatine did certifie vnto our Nobles how Gryshca sent him a Letter vnder his owne hand and Seale in which he promised to giue him Smolensko with all the Prouinces belonging thereto and another place called Seeuerow as also gaue him liberty to set vp Monasteries and the Religion of the Church of Rome Further there was found by him Letters which were sent to him from the Pope of Rome and the Cardinals and Priests to that effect that he should remember and withall be mindefull to take in hand speedily those matters and businesse vpon which he had giuen to Sigismund and the Cardinals his troth and vow the which was as beforesaid to be himselfe of the Romish Religion as also to bring all the people of the Kingdome of Russia into the same Romish Religion not onely them that of themselues were willing thereto but also others by compulsion and to put them to death that fought to contrary the same And not onely them of the Kingdome of Russia but likewise other godly people of seuerall Religion and that doe serue in the Kingdome of Mosco as the Catholicks and the Caluinists them likewise he should seeke to bring into the Romish Religion with all perswasions Moreouer Gryshca himselfe before vs and our Nobles and Courtiers and before our Commons did acknowledge as much and thereupon yeelded himselfe to be in fault as also that he did all with helpe of the Diuell hauing forsaken God For which these his vile actions this Gryshca according to the true iustice receiued an end to his life and was by abundance of people slain in the Mosco where he lay three dayes in the midst of the Citie to the view of all such like vsurpers and disturbers And because his body was loathsome vnto vs we caused it to be carried out of the Citie and there to be burnt This Enemie thus hauing ended his life then the Kings sonnes of diuers Countries now dwelling within our Kingdome with the Patriarke Metropolitanes Archbishops and Bishops with the Nobles Courtiers and the Commons made entreaty vnto vs Vasili Euanowich to raigne and gouerne ouer them and ouer all the Kingdome of Mosco as their Lord Emperour and great Duke of all Russia According to which entreatie made vnto vs by the said Kings sons of diuers Countries as likewise by our Nobles Courtiers Merchants and all the rest of the Commons of all the Kingdome of Mosco Wee are come to the great Kingdomes of Volodemar Mosco Nouogrod and as also of the Kingdomes of Cazan Astracan and Siberia and ouer all the Prouinces of the Empire of Mosco as also wee the great Lord Emperour and great Duke of all Russia are crowned with our Imperiall Crown and for the said Kings sonnes of diuers Religions and our Nobles Courtiers and Souldiers and all manner of People doe serue our Imperiall Maiesty with desire and good liking voluntarily and not by delusions and coniurations as the Poles and Lettoes were bewitched by Grishca But we the great Lord Emperour and great Duke Vasili Euanowich with great care stayed and restrayned our People from the spoyle of the Poles and the Lettoes defending them from death and withall haue commanded to let goe many of them into Poland and Letto but the chiefest of them that were of the Councell and that practised to bring trouble and dissention in the Kingdome of Mosco are now taken And we to doe an honour vnto the dead body of the true Demetrie haue vpon conference with our Metropolitanes Archbishops and Bishops and all the holy Assembly our Nobles and Courtiers and all the Kingdome of Mosco sent to the Citie of Owglets a Metropolitan named Filareta of Rostoue and Yeraslaue who was called before he was made Metropolitan Theodor Neekete which being one of the Nobles in times past and with him the Archbishops of Astracan called Feodosia and our Nobles the Duke Euan Michalowich Vorotinskoy with the rest of his fellowes commanding them to bring vp with them the body of the Prince Demetrie Euanowich who was murthered by the appointment of Boris Godonoue and to bring it vp to our Citie of Mosco with great honour which body shall be buried in the principall Church of Mosco called Michael the Archangel neare to his father the great Lord Emperour and great Duke Euan Vasilowich of famous memorie and by Gods power his body shall not be touched or abused any manner of way Likewise will we by the fauour of God honour the Funerall of Demetrie Euanowich with speciall solemnitie which body performeth many cures and worketh miraculously vnto them that come to him with Faith to be cured of their diseases And now most louing and deare brother wee calling well to minde the great amitie and friendship that was betwixt the great Lord Emperour and great Duke Euan Vasilywich and his Sonne Theodor Euanowich the Emperour Boris and the great Lady Queene Elizabeth the like brotherly loue doe we desire to haue with you most louing and deare brother to be established and continued betwixt vs as it was with them during our liues Therefore may it please you our louing brother Iames King of England after the hearing of these great and strange dangers past to reioyce with vs that he hath deliuered from such a vile enemy and that he our mercifull God hath diuided and scattered that wicked counsell and that he hath turned their cruelty vpon their owne head to their shame and confusion And concerning your Merchants that were in our Kingdome Iohn Merricke with his fellowes we haue graced them with our Emperiall presence as also haue giuen vnto the said Iohn Merricke and his fellowes a new priuiledge and Letters of fauour by which they shall come into our Kingdome and to traficke with all manner of goods freely without paying any Custome whatsoeuer and as to them was granted in former time and this fauour we haue giuen them to manifest vnto you our louing Brother our Brotherly loue And the reason that we haue not sent to you louing brother our Embassadour is because we had not time in regard of many our Emperiall affaires but hereafter doe purpose to send to visite you in your Kingdome Written at our Emperiall palace and Citie of Mosco from the beginning of the World Anno 7114. the fourth day of Iune Thus is Demetrius painted out by his Enemies which perhaps were not altogether led with simplicitie of truth but in many things made him worse that they might make their owne cause bad enough to appeare better They tell also of great outrages committed by the Poles like those sometimes here in England by the Danes their proud insulting ouer the men rauishments of women fetching them out of their houses and
Gracae permittimus earumque secundum constitutiones Patrum Sanctorum tuebimur in nullo puncto violandam immutandam Et vniuersam vener abilium Patrum Ministrorâ—m Dei Confessariorum vestrorum Coronam debito in honore sumus habituri Heroes Aulicos cuiuscunque sortis alios deligere promouere patriam possessionem pecunialem aliamque omnem prouisionem à nemine abalienando sed suum vnicuique attribuere promittimus secundum antiquam consuetudinem insuper nostra Imperatoria prouisione vnumquemque secundum ipsius dignitatem merita promouere Qui autem in malitia contâ—macia sua perseuerare non cessabunt ij Deum Opt. Max. â—astissiman eius Genitricem strictissimo illos gladâ—o punituros certo sciant nostrum Imperatorium beneuolum animum in iram vindictam mutatum experientur Non vult enim Deus Omnipotens vt ob malitiam contumaciam Rebellium innocentium vlterius sanguis effundatur Templa Dei spolientur gloria sancti Nominis eâ—us magis ac magis deprimatur Vos omnes apud animum vestrum diligentius perpendite his qui adhus nobis tergiuer santur renunciate vt animo mutato ad veritatis agnitionem redeant seditiosos pacis publicae diremptores reliquant Iam vero ad quas Arces Ciuitates hae literae nostrae peruenerint Mandamus vt eorum Capitanei Tenutarij omnia ad victum necessaria pecuniam colligant in paratisque habeant ad nostrum aduentum Interea Exercitus sacrae Regiae Maiestatis Domini Parentis nostri nostrique proprij ne vllum detrimentum patiantur sed vna in fraterno amore quoad venerimus viuatis Et donec Opt. Max. ex mera gratia sua nostraque Imperatorium cura diligentia toto Imperio Moscouitico firmato restaurato vobis petiri concesserit Dabantur Varsourae Anno Domini 1612. 9. die Martij The points of the Embassage of the Russian Messenger sent to his sacred Maiestie briefly collected BY what manner their naturall Lords ruled ouer them they alleaged to wit beginning from Borâ—k who was of the bloud of Augustus Caesar Emperour of Rome euen vnto the last Lord and Emperour Pheodor Euanowich in whom their Race ceased That Boris Godonoue abiding with Pheodor Euanowich was created by his owne force and power Emperour or Lord but after a little time the pleasure of God so working being thrust-out of the Imperiall seate departed this life shamefully and by violent death together with his Wife and Children That Christophorus Otropitij the Rostrige being of base descent vnder the Name which he did beare of Emperour otherwise Demetrij Euanowich slaine at Owglets did fraudulently and by deceit wherewith he deceiued the common people and others that beleeued them obtaine the Imperiall Seate by force without the consent of the Spiritualtie and all the chiefe Bishops and Lords and great men of the Kingdome who durst not withstand the same seeing the Commons to yeeld thereunto How the excellent Lord Palatin of Sandomire gaue his daughter in marriage to the Rostrige and himselfe many Gentlemen both of the Kingdome of Poland and great Duchy of Litow accompanying him came into Moscouia Then that Vasili Euanowich Suiskey with his brethren and many others associated to this attempt and stirring vp other great men of the Land did kill the Rostrige with many Gentlemen of Poland and the great Duchy of Litow and put the rest into diuers Castles And himselfe was made Emperour although he were not elected by all the States Whereupon many of our sort did not willingly acknowledge him Emperour and many would not obey him How another named the Wor did rise vp at Kalusia and caused himselfe to bee named Demetrij and so accounted Whereof when many both Russes and Poles heard they assembled vnto him thinking him to be the true Demetrij and the Russes did so much the more willingly draw vnto him because of the murtherers How others called Wors did name and call themselues sonnes of the slaine Emperour as Iuan Peter Pheodor and by many and diuers other names and vnder the same names did consume the State and shead much bloud How the Kings sacred Maiestie comming to Sâ—olensko sent his Messengers the Lord of Praemislaue and other noble men who comming vnto the Campe the forenamed Wors fled away but diuers of the Russes came vnto his Maiestie And taking counsell with the Boiarins at that time remayning with Suiskey in the chiefe Citie we sent our Messengers to his Maiestie at that time being at Smolensko viz. Michael Salticoue and others requesting that his Maiestie would grant vs his Sonne to be our Lord. How they were dispatched away and what answere they brought from his Maiestie with conditions engrossed and signed with his hand and seale How that after the deposing of Suiskey the noble Lord Generall of the Kingdome comming into Moscouia concluded all the said businesses and treaties and confirmed them with the oath of himselfe and his fellow Souldiers And that they after that oath likewise made their oath for the same Then that for the greater defence of the said principall Citie from the Wors they sent Souldiers into the Citie and sent also their Messengers from the whole Countrie Fidareta the Metropolitan and Vasili Galichin with others vnto the Kings Maiestie and required an oath in his Maiesties behalfe of all the seuerall Prouinces How that his Maiesties Souldiers dwelled and behaued themselues in this capitall Citie of Mosco before the troubles began without iniuring any man punishing the euill according to their deserts How the Boiarins handled other Gentlemen and principall persons of the Russe Religion although more inclined vnto them but especially the Officers and Seruants of the Wors as also such as had fled ouer It followeth how they often sent word vnto the Citie of Smolensko and willed them to deliuer vp the Citie vnto his Maiestie to bee vnder his prosperous gouernment and power As for the secret plots of their Messengers Galechin and others they said they were ignorant as also of some vnknowne practises handled with the Wor called Halusin But they said that they had written very often to the Citie of Smolensko and commanded them to doe whatsoeuer stood with his Maiesties pleasure and liked him without further effusion of bloud How also it befell in the chiefe Citie to Lepun and Saâ—usky and the other Rebels when they violated their fidelitie That they certified his Maiesties Souldiers thereof and that they with them did rise against the Rebels and that euen to this present they doe keepe and will keepe their oath once made and their due obedience vnto their Lord. And in that Lepun was punished of God for his treacherie and departed this life with so shamefull a death wee thinke it to bee for the good example of others to reduce them into their former estate to reuoke others vnto their
King some thing of no great value our King would haue sent him many precious things and dismissed you his Ambassadours honourably and haue sent his Ambassadours with you but now hee only endeth his Letter to your Emperour The Citie of Catay where the King dwelleth is built vpon an euen plaine ground and is incompassed round about with a Riuer called Yoâ—ga which falleth into the blacke Sea which is from the Citie Catay seuen dayes trauell so that there come no ships neerer the Citie Catay then seuen dayes trauell off but all things are transported in small Vessels and ship-boats The Merchandizes the King doth send into all parts of his Dominions of Catay and from thence are carried ouer the borders into the Land of Mugalla to the King Altine to the blacke Kollmakes to the Iron King into Boghar and other Dominions their Patriarkes and Friers trauell with the Commodities as Veluets Sattens Damaskes Siluer Leopard Skinnes Turkesses and blacke Zenders for which they buy Horses and bring them into Catay for in Catay are but few horses only Mules and Asses and Cloth they haue none their Horses and Siluer goeth into strange Countreyes or as they say Nemâ—sij the Siluer is made in Brickes which they call Kritsij valued each Kritsij at fiftie two Rubles their Apparell they weare with long broad hanging sleeues like the Gentlewomens Summer-coats or Lettiâ—ks in Russia the people are very faire but not warlike timorous most their endeuour is in great and rich traffick They told vs that not long before our comming the people of Mugalla had taken two Castles from them by deceit also they told vs that their King hath a stone which lighteth as the Sunne both day and night called in their Language Sarra and in our Tongue Iachaâ—t or Rubie another stone they say hee hath which driueth away water from it it is also called a Rubie There come to them Strangers or Nemtsij euery yeere with all manner of Merchandizes and barter for Deere Skinnes and Loshids Sables Beuers Veluets Taffataes and Zendews or Calico these strangers they say come to them out of the blacke Sea from the East and the South also they say there is a Riuer called Kartalla which falleth into the great Riuer Ob but they know neyther the head nor the fall of it they imagine it commeth out of the blacke Sea and falleth into it againe vpon this Riuer dwell many people with walking Herds For a triple testimony of Sir Iohn Merikes honourable courtesie I haue added this succeeding Patent which howsoeuer in some things it concurre with the former of Boris and Demetrius Yet those being obscurely translated or written this may illustrate them and it also presenteth both larger Priuiledges the Partriarkes name ioyned with the Emperours and the Golden Seale WE the great Lord Emperour and great Duke Michaell Pheodorowich of all Russia sole Commander of Volodemer Mosco and Nouogrod Emperour of Cazan Emperour of Astracan Emperour of Siberia Lord of Plesco and great Duke of Sâ—olensky Twensky Vgorsky Psermesky Vatsky Bolgorsky and others Lord and great Duke of Nouogrod in the lower Countreyes Cheringosky Rahansky Rostouskey Yaraslausky Belozersky Vdorskey Obdorsky Condinsky and of all the Northerne parts Commander and Lord ouer the Country of Iuersky and Caberdynland Cherkaskey and of the Dukedomes of Igorskey and of many other Kingdomes Lord and Conquerour Together with the great Lord Philleret Neketich the holy Patriarke and Head of the Reuerend Clergie of the Imperiall Citie of Mosco and of all Russia by the flesh our naturall Father and by the power of the Holy Ghost our Spirituall Pastâ—r and Ghostly Father Whereas there was sent vnto vs the great Lord Emperour and great Duke Michaell Pheodorowich of all Russia and to our Father the great Lord the holy Patriarke of Mosco and of all Russia From our louing Brother Iames by the grace of God King of England Scotland France and Ireland and of many others his Maiesties Ambassadour Sir Iohn Merike Knight and Gentleman of his Maiesties Priuie Chamber vpon both our Princely Affaires The said Sir Iohn Merike in the name of our said louing Brother King Iames requested our Imperiall Maiestie and our Father the great Lord the holy Patriarke to bee pleased graciously to fauour the English Merchants to grant them leaue to come with their shippes vnto our Port and Hanâ—ns of Archangell with all kind of Commoditieâ— and freely to traffique from the Sea side to our Imperiall Citie of Mosco and to our Patrimoniâ— of great Nouogrod and Plesco and vnto all other our Cities Townes and Countreyes of our Empire with all sorts of Commodities without paying of Custome in as ample manner as formerly hath beene granted to the English Merchants and that our Imperiall Maiestie together with our deere Father the holy Patriarke would be pleased to grant a new our gracious Priuiledges vnder our Princely Seale accordingly as our Predecessors Emperours and great Dukes of all Russia haue heretofore granted vnto them We therefore the great Lord Emperour and great Duke Michaell Pheodorowich of all Russia sole Commander together with our deere Father the holy Patriarke of Mosco and of all Russia for the loue we beare to our most louing Brother the great Lord King Iames with whom wee are willing and desirous euer to remayne in the strongest bonds of brotherly loue and friendship haue graciously granted to his Kingly Maiesties Subiects the English Merchants Sir Thomas Smith Knight Sir Iohn Merike Knight Sir Richard Smith Knight Sir William Russell Knight Sir George Bowles Knight Hugh Hamersley Alderman Ralph Freeman Richard Wytch Morris Abbot Robert Bateman William Stone Rowland Healing Iob Hanby Richard Ironside Edward Iames Iohn Caslen Beniamin Deicrow Fabyan Smith and their fellowes free leaue to come with their shippes into our Kingdomes into our Countreyes of Dweena vnto the Port of Archangell and from thence to our Imperiall Citie of Mosco and of Nouogrod the Great and vnto Plesco and into all other the Cities of our Empire to trade and traffique with all kind of Merchandizes free of all Customes as well the great Customes as Tole vnlading of Vessels or Boats passages through any place by water or Land entries Head-money Bridge-money Ferryings or any manner of Customes or Duties whatsoeuer can bee named The English Merchants being thus licensed to trade in our Kingdomes free of all customes for their owne commodities shall neither colour nor sell strangers wares as their owne neither shall our people sell for them any of their goods nor yet shall they keepe any of our people vnder their protection and into what Cities the English Merchants themselues or their Factors or Seruants shall come with their goods it shall be lawfull for them freely to trafficke and sell their owne commodities in barter or otherwise against Commodities of our Countrey And whensoeuer the said Merchants shall come into our Patrimony of great Nouogrod and Plesco or into any other the Cities of our
vertues the best how knowne how bred in the beast an admirable thing of their growing 969.10.20 see also 878.40 Bialogrod in Moldauia taken by the Turkes 633. Bigaypotim the Chinois Father of Gods 269.20 Bihaos a tree of Indiâ— the vse 984.50 Bildih in Mediâ— â—45 Variation of the Compasse there 246.20 Bils of Exchange to bee receiued in Heauen 271. 277.1 Bi r a Castle in Syria 123.50 Birch tree a Wine made of it 231.10 Birch tree onely growes in Island of a fragrant sent 649.30 Bird with a Looking-glasse on his head 1021.10 Birds of the West Indies 979. c. 995 Birds without feet how they fit others as small as Bees 965.20 Birds breeding in the frozen Cliffes 513.10 Not afraid of men their manner of Nests and laying ibid. Birds that dispeopled a Countrey 254.1 Birds and fishes bought to let go 271 10 Birth-day of their Prince the Tartars yearely obserue 84.30 The solemnitie of it 84.30 His Subiects send Presents to him 84.40 Birth-dayes Festiuall in China 202.10 394.1.180.60.374 60 Biscayners fish at Greenland forbidden by the English 717.50 718.719 Bishops in Russia sometimes chosen out of the Nobilitie 769 20. 791.10 Bishopâ— of Russia be fix their Iurisdiction 446.40 Their Gentlemen Commissaries ibid. Their 〈◊〉 their Chapter of Priests or Synod ibid. Their Reuenues and their Habit 447.1 Elected by the Emperour 〈◊〉 of them chosen out of Monasteries vnmarried and shorâ—e ibid. They preach but twice a yeare their Sermon ibid. Bishops of Island 645.30 Bishops of Island vnder the Archbishop of Nidrosia in Norway 651.30 Bishop of Groneland ibid. Bâ—snagar the greatnesse of the King 138.30 Bittacle in a ship what 582. marg Bitter a Sea 〈◊〉 what 565. marg Bitumen in a Myne of Cuba ships talked and houses built with it 994.1 Blacke sheepe preferred by the Tartars 441.50 Blacke Foxe the chiefe Furre of Russia 748. c. Blacke Point 474.50 Blacke Carpet at the Coronation of the Great Chan 111.30 Blacians or Hacians an olde people where 18.60 Whence descended 19.1 Blesse the Greeke Bishops doe with two fingers 445.50 Blessed bee the Lord God of Israel vsed in the Russian Seruice 450 40 Blinghead in Orkney 827.40 Bloud dranke at a peace-making 285.1 Bloud rained 198.30 Bloud-letting in India the manner 992.10 Bloud-letting for the Deuils seruice in Mexico 1014. 1035.30 Blubber is the fat of Whales 470.60 The Blue Sea 234.10 Boats of fish skins and bones excellent 610 Boats of Seale-skins 817.60 Boats on Russia of hollow trees 777 20 Boats of Groneland swifter then ships 835. Sewed with sinewes or guts ibid. Bocara or Boghar in Bactria 66.10 in marg Boghar a Citie in Bactria 239.10 Persian tongue spoken there ibid. The Priest deposes the King ibid. King not aboue three yeares 239 50. The Copper money there ibid. The commodities sold at Boghar 240.20 The Citie besieged 241 10 Boghar or Burgauia 312.10 Bogus or Hispanis the Riuer in Podolia 632.10 Runs into Boristenes 633 Bohemia entred by the Tartars 61.1 Bothol the Iland 285.30 Bondage for debt the manner of it 217.10 Voluntary for pure need ibid. Bones feasting one another each New Moone 275.20 Peoples Oblations to these bones ibid. Bonzi of China their dotages 346.1 Bonzi are inferiour to the Mandarines 347. Held the basest people of China 359.20 Bonzi the Iaponian Priests 323 50. A Military order of them ibid. Bookes made of the leaues of trees in New Spaine 1052.10 Boots an Ensigne of Magistrates in China and the Ceremony about them 333.10 Boots the Bryde in Russia pulls off the Brydegroomes and the Ceremonie of that 230.10 Boots and Shoes embroydered in China 176.60 Shoes of Straw 177.1 Borichen the Ilâ— by Hispaniola 998 30 Boris Pheodorowich his great Offices Reuenues in Russia 742 10. His Present to Queene Elizabeth 743.60 His power 744 40. And policie to become popular 745. Made Emperour ibid. Modestly refuses the Empire Accepts it 745. His Wife Son and Daughter Coronation Expedition against the Crim Tartars His policies The beginning of his disasters Seekes a Wife for his Sonne out of England 746 Desires a league with King Iames. Dies suddenly Would bee new Christned before his death 751. His care of his Sonne policies c. 752. His Wife and Son poysoning themselues the Daughter liues 753.50 His Patent to the English Muscouie Merchants 754. Reports of his death diuers 757.1 Buriall ibid. Boristhenes the course of it 633 20 Bornaholm consigned to the Lubeckers 631 Botta a strange head tire of the Tartarian women 6.60 7.1 Bougiusky sometimes Secretary to Dâ—metrius of Russia almost starued there Relieued by the English 780.40 Escapes into England and is relieued 782.10 Boy of Clay wrestling and playing trickes with a liuing Boy 349.40 Boyes of Mexico their bold hunting of Serpents 1043.10 Boyes put betimes to earne their liuings 105.20 Boyling Fountaines in Groneland 751.40 Boyling meates in Gourds by casting in a burning stone to the liquor 922.10 Boxe of curious art wrought in Iapon 325 Bralapisacon a Hauen 253.20 Bramble-berries cure the loosenesse 517.1 Brames the people Lords of Pâ—gu c. Rich in Gold and Rubies 169.40 Bramenes most true Merchants 105.50 They liue a hundred and fifty yeares ibid. Their Discipline ibid. Bramenes are Witches The names of their Gods which they worship 166.30 40. Themselues yet aliue are worshipped for Gods 166 50 Their authority ibid. Their degrees of Religious men 167.1 Branding of Theeues in China 395.20 Branding for Theft in Island 651 10 Brasile would not grow at Venice 104.1 Brasile Prouince the latitude discouery temperature soyle chiefe Traffique Plantations by Portugals and their Latitudes their Ports Riuers c. And their Latitudes â—03 Braslaro in Podolia 632.10 Brazen Serpent and the Mystery of that represented in China strangely 274.10 Bread the Tartars mocke vs for eating it 232.50 Bread the Chinois eate not commonly 365.40 Rice sodden instead of it ibid. Bread of Wheate without crust how made 365.50 Bread of Straw in China 230.50 Bread very bitter in Ormuz 72.1 Bread of Roots and barke 416.1 Bread made of fish sod and dryed 537.40 Bread of the West Indies 953.954 Bread sodden in the reeke of water 365.50 Bread baked in Oxe dung or in Horse dâ—ng 34.30 Bread Corne vnknowne in Island 646.30 Bread and drinke none where 223.20 Breaking the Scutcheons or day of mourning 252.40 Breath holden halfe an houre together 953.1 Brewing with Holy-water in Russia 456.1 Bribery in course of Iustice how preuented in China 185.10 Brickes preferred before stone in China 34.20 Bridge an admirable one 295.30 299.50 89.1 199.30 Bridge made with men purposely kild 628 Bridge of naturall stone 990.30 Bridges of Straw 1056.30 Bridges of Haire and Straw where 934.50 Bridges 12000. In one City 98 Bridges see Toll M. Briggs his Treatise about the probabilities of the North-west Passage 852 Brimstone euery where digged in Island 648.10 649.20 Bâ—ises see East winds 858.30 A Philosophicall reason for them ibid.